Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| family-based behavioural treatment of obesity: acceptability and effectiveness in the uk. | to assess the acceptability and impact of family-based behavioural treatment (fbbt) for childhood obesity in a clinical setting in the uk. | 2006 | 16340947 |
| diffusion weighted whole body imaging with background body signal suppression (dwibs): technical improvement using free breathing, stir and high resolution 3d display. | to examine a new way of body diffusion weighted imaging (dwi) using the short ti inversion recovery-echo planar imaging (stir-epi) sequence and free breathing scanning (diffusion weighted whole body imaging with background body signal suppression; dwibs) to obtain three-dimensional displays. | 2006 | 15468951 |
| academic cheating as a function of defense mechanisms and object relations. | this study examined relationships between academic cheating behaviors by using self-reports of past cheating behavior, providing a situational experiment with the opportunity to cheat, and evaluating defense mechanisms and object relations as measured by the defense mechanisms inventory. subjects included 75 female and 8 male university students ranging in age from 18 to 51 years (m=25.5, sd=6.9). analysis showed variations in students' self-reported cheating history relative to their measured o ... | 2006 | 16933657 |
| effects of part-set cuing on experienced and novice chess players' reconstruction of a typical chess midgame position. | a typical midgame chess position was presented to participants for 30 sec. participants then reconstructed the presented position on a second board from memory. following a brief distraction phase, participants were asked to reconstruct the position a second time with 0, 6, or 12 of the original pieces present. it was hypothesized that cue presentation during second reconstruction would be more disruptive to experienced players' recall than to novices'. recall was measured in terms of correct pi ... | 2006 | 16916144 |
| advanced beamline automation for biological crystallography experiments. | an automated crystal-mounting/alignment system has been developed at lawrence berkeley national laboratory and has been installed on three of the protein-crystallography experimental stations at the advanced light source (als); it is currently being implemented at synchrotron crystallography beamlines at chess, nsls and the aps. the benefits to using an automounter system include (i) optimization of the use of synchrotron beam time, (ii) facilitation of advanced data-collection techniques, (iii) ... | 2006 | 16855300 |
| planning abilities and chess: a comparison of chess and non-chess players on the tower of london task. | playing chess requires problem-solving capacities in order to search through the chess problem space in an effective manner. chess should thus require planning abilities for calculating many moves ahead. therefore, we asked whether chess players are better problem solvers than non-chess players in a complex planning task. we compared planning performance between chess ( n=25) and non-chess players ( n=25) using a standard psychometric planning task, the tower of london (tol) test. we also assess ... | 2006 | 16848944 |
| the glance software package. | we describe the glance software package, which takes advantage of tablet pc technology to control experiments that require participants to reconstruct complex stimuli, as with the chase and simon (1973) chess reconstruction task, and to present tests that require participants to refer briefly to critical displays, as with the digit-symbol task. participants press the space bar, which allows access to the stimulus and, simultaneously, prohibits drawing on the tablet. at release of the space bar-- ... | 2006 | 16817514 |
| fluctuation in the physical environment as a mechanism for reinforcing evolutionary transitions. | we hypothesize a mechanism for reinforcing transitions between levels of selection, involving physiological homeostasis and amplification of variation in the physical environment. groups experience a stronger selection pressure than individuals for homeostasis with respect to reproductively limiting variables, because their greater longevity exposes them more often to suboptimal physical conditions, and greater physical size means they encompass a larger fraction of any resource/nutrient gradien ... | 2006 | 16797597 |
| image scoring and cooperation in a cleaner fish mutualism. | humans are highly social animals and often help unrelated individuals that may never reciprocate the altruist's favour. this apparent evolutionary puzzle may be explained by the altruist's gain in social image: image-scoring bystanders, also known as eavesdroppers, notice the altruistic act and therefore are more likely to help the altruist in the future. such complex indirect reciprocity based on altruistic acts may evolve only after simple indirect reciprocity has been established, which requi ... | 2006 | 16791194 |
| expertise and age effects on knowledge activation in chess. | novice, intermediate, and expert chess players of various ages, playing with two chess pieces on a quarter-section of a chessboard, performed a simple task to detect that the king is in check or is threatened with being in check. age slowed response for both tasks. an interaction of task and skill revealed differences in diminishing response time between check and threat tasks as skill increased; experts were equally fast on both tasks. measures of speed and working memory were negatively relate ... | 2006 | 16768584 |
| dynamic perception in chess. | the present study examines the dynamic aspects of perceptual processes in expert chess players. this topic is approached in terms of the anticipation processes carried out by experienced players during the encoding of chess positions. the aim of the first experiment, which used a short-term comparison task, was to stress the role of anticipation, which allows expert players to focus their attention on the area of the studied position where they expect the likely standard move to occur. the secon ... | 2006 | 16618642 |
| sbar: a shared mental model for improving communication between clinicians. | the importance of sharing a common mental model in communication prompted efforts to spread the use of the sbar (situation, background, assessment, and recommendation) tool at osf st. joseph medical center, bloomington, illinois. | 2006 | 16617948 |
| you couldn't make it up. or could you? | revalidation is the new method by which doctors in the uk will stay on the medical register. most doctors will take the appraisal route to revalidation--that is, they will undergo annual appraisals and five successful appraisals will result in revalidation. so there is a lot riding on appraisal. but it relies almost completely on trust. and in a situation that is based on absolute trust there are endless opportunities for that trust to be broken. doctors will be encouraged to look at how they ar ... | 2006 | 16627330 |
| security of quantum bit string commitment depends on the information measure. | unconditionally secure nonrelativistic bit commitment is known to be impossible in both the classical and the quantum world. however, when committing to a string of n bits at once, how far can we stretch the quantum limits? in this letter, we introduce a framework of quantum schemes where alice commits a string of n bits to bob, in such a way that she can only cheat on a bits and bob can learn at most b bits of information before the reveal phase. our results are twofold: we show by an explicit ... | 2006 | 17280334 |
| reformulation of the children's eating attitudes test (cheat): factor structure and scoring method in a non-clinical population. | the primary aims of this study were to empirically test the factor structure of the children's eating attitudes test (cheat) through both exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses and to interpret the factor structure of the cheat within the context of a new scoring method. the cheat was administered to 728 children in the 2nd through 6th grades (from five schools) at two different time points. exactly half the students were male and half were female. to the best of our knowledge, this is the ... | 2006 | 17272950 |
| sex differences in intellectual performance: analysis of a large cohort of competitive chess players. | only 1% of the world's chess grandmasters are women. this underrepresentation is unlikely to be caused by discrimination, because chess ratings objectively reflect competitive results. using data on the ratings of more than 250,000 tournament players over 13 years, we investigated several potential explanations for the male domination of elite chess. we found that (a) the ratings of men are higher on average than those of women, but no more variable; (b) matched boys and girls improve and drop o ... | 2006 | 17201785 |
| success in chess mediated by mental molds. | research has revealed the impact of cognitive-affective strategies (molds of the mind) on subjective well-being, interpersonal relationships, or school achievement. however, it seems odd that such strategies could influence the success of chess players, because this game is usually considered to be influenced mainly by technical and cognitive skills. to examine the influence of cognitive-affective molds, 53 chess players, ages from 9 to 16 years old, enrolled in sport competitions, were assigned ... | 2006 | 17296106 |
| characteristics, prevalence, attitudes, and perceptions of academic dishonesty among pharmacy students. | to ascertain background factors that influence pharmacy students' willingness to cheat, describe attitudes regarding methods of cheating, assess prevalence of cheating and determine atmospheres that may aid in preventing academic dishonesty. | 2006 | 17136192 |
| [in vivo proton mr spectroscopy of normal liver parenchyma: technique and results]. | to analyze the proton magnetic resonance spectroscopic data ( (1)h mrs) of normal liver parenchyma with regard to age, sex, body mass index and location in the liver. | 2006 | 17128381 |
| association of depression with body mass index, sedentary behavior, and maladaptive eating attitudes and behaviors in 11 to 13-year old children. | we examined the relation of different behavioral dimensions of depression with weight-related variables (bmi percentile, sedentary behavior, eating attitudes, and weight control behaviors) in children aged 11 to 13 years. depression was assessed using the children's depression inventory (cdi). sedentary behavior was measured in 45 sixth grade students (23 boys and 22 girls) using a validated 24-hour recall instrument, the self-administered physical activity checklist. bmi was calculated directly ... | 2006 | 17075232 |
| visuomotor priming of a manual reaching movement during a perceptual decision task. | this paper deals with the mental simulation of manual movement that sometimes accompanies the visual perception of an object. previous studies investigated how visual objects prime the grasping manual movement they afford. the principal purpose of the present experiment was to determine if such visuomotor priming also concerns the reaching manual movement that visual objects afford. during a perceptual decision task, 32 subjects were asked to grasp a proximal or distal switch, as fast and accura ... | 2006 | 17069774 |
| hopelessness is associated with decreased heart rate variability during championship chess games. | clinical observations suggest that negative affects such as helplessness/hopelessness (he/ho) may induce autonomic duration; affects were assessed for every move after reconstruction of the games. in all games compiled, 18 situation of intense confidence/optimism and 20 of intense helplessness/hopelessness were observed. | 2006 | 12883118 |
| [pathological convolutions of internal carotid arteries as one of the causes of visual dysfunction in children]. | visual evoked potentials (vep) in response to reverse chess patterns were studied in 68 patients aged 7-14 years with pathological convolutions of internal carotid arteries and 25 healthy children. the latent period was increased and the amplitude of p100 peak decreased in the patients, which was indicative of dysfunction of the visual route. vep changed at early stages of cerebral circulation insufficiency. the relationship between hemodynamic parameters and vep values was proven. increased lat ... | 2006 | 11569171 |
| [visual evoked potentials in chessboard pattern reversion in children with optic neuritis]. | visual evoked potentials (vep) to chess pattern reversion were studied in 17 children with optic neurites during the acute stage and in the course of convalescence 1-2 months and 1-3 years after the disease onset. coarse vep changes were detected in the patients during the acute stage of optic neuritis. a positive time course of vep was followed up in late periods after the acute attack of the disease. despite normalization of vision acuity, no complete restoration of vep to small-cell chess pat ... | 2006 | 1755170 |
| [possibilities of the use of visual evoked potentials in the evaluation of visual acuity in congenital myopia in children]. | studies of visual evoked potentials (ep) to chess field reversion in 80 children (147 eyes) aged 5 to 16 with congenital myopia have demonstrated significant deviations from the reference values of the p100 component to all the stimuli. the clinical groups with various changes in the fundus oculi were found to differ by the p100 component amplitude when chess fields with cells 112 and 56 angular min in size were shown. the number of discrepancies between the clinical vision acuity and its assess ... | 2006 | 1585538 |
| [visual evoked potentials in children with congenital glaucoma]. | phasic and established visual evoked potentials (vep) to homogeneous light field and chess patterns were studied in 25 patients (48 eyes) aged 1.5 months to 9 years with different stages of congenital glaucoma and in 114 age-matched healthy children. patients with almost absolute and far progressed stages of the disease presented with gross changes of vep to both large- and small-cell chess patterns. in patients with the initial stages of decompensated congenital glaucoma vep to mostly large-cel ... | 2006 | 1585529 |
| [the effect of occlusion of the better seeing eye on the function of the visual system in children with unilateral amblyopia]. | vision acuity and visual evoked potentials (vep) to a homogeneous light field and chess field reversion were studied in children aged 5-6 years with unilateral amblyopia before and after 3-month direct total occlusion of the intact eye. occlusion of the intact eye resulted in improvement of the vision acuity and vep of the amblyopic eye, that correlated with the degree of amblyopia. at the same time examinations of the intact eyes revealed reduced amplitude of vep to large and increased latency ... | 2006 | 8279109 |
| [visual evoked potentials in the evaluation of visual acuity in infants]. | vision acuity was assessed by visual evoked potentials (vep) in response to low-frequency chess pattern reversion in 31 full-term healthy babies aged 6 to 28 weeks. the mean vision acuity of babies aged 6 to 9 weeks was 0.5 +/- 0.01, of those aged 16 to 18 weeks 0.1 +/- 0.01; in babies aged 24 to 26 weeks vision acuity was at least 0.14, but still lower than in normal-sighted adults. the authors emphasize the advantages of low-frequency chess pattern reversion in assessment of vision acuity from ... | 2006 | 7483199 |
| chess, oedipus, and the mater dolorosa. | 2006 | 14437108 | |
| [evoked potentials during treatment to restore vision in children with various degrees of amblyopia]. | visual evoked potentials to reversed chess patterns have been examined in children with dysbinocular and refraction amblyopia of varying severity before and after pleoptic treatment. this method appears to be helpful for the prediction of the visual results and for monitoring the vision acuity restoration during the treatment of amblyopia in children. | 2006 | 2728167 |
| [chess player, visitor from a distant star, captain on a great river: freud and bateson--on the controversy between psychoanalysis and systems theory]. | 2006 | 3562398 | |
| [several remarks apropos of quantitative psychopathology]. | there is no contradiction between rating scales and clinical judgment: the former represent only a codification of the latter. there is no contradiction either between clinical judgment and statistical judgment. rating scales are elaborated with hopes of quantifying symptomatology and its change under treatment. in the field of comprehensive scales, let us mention the amdp, the bprs/bphf, the imps and the pse. among depression scales, the hamd is being superseded by the madrs; our department has ... | 2006 | 2864789 |
| [some schizoid mechanisms related to chess playing]. | 2005 | 13311001 | |
| the hospital manager and game theory: chess master, poker player, or cooperative game player? | hospital management can be seen as a game, and doctors, nurses, and health maintenance organizations are its players. the astute hospital manager realizes the interdependence of individual career strategies and the hospital's success, just as players in a game are interdependent on each other. managers familiar with game theory may successfully transfer that knowledge to the hospital realm. they may recognize patterns and calculate outcomes like chess players, bluff other hospitals into folding ... | 2005 | 14672441 |
| modelling of carbohydrate-aromatic interactions: ab initio energetics and force field performance. | aromatic amino acid residues are often present in carbohydrate-binding sites of proteins. these binding sites are characterized by a placement of a carbohydrate moiety in a stacking orientation to an aromatic ring. this arrangement is an example of ch/pi interactions. ab initio interaction energies for 20 carbohydrate-aromatic complexes taken from 6 selected ultra-high resolution x-ray structures of glycosidases and carbohydrate-binding proteins were calculated. all interaction energies of a pyr ... | 2005 | 16607570 |
| children's eating attitudes test: revised factor structure for adolescent girls. | the eating attitude test (eat) and its language-simplified version for children (cheat) have been popular instruments for the assessment of eating attitudes among children, adolescents and young adult females. | 2005 | 16755166 |
| psychometric properties of the eating attitudes test and children's eating attitudes test in croatia. | the factor structure of the children's version of the eating attitudes test (cheat) and eating attitudes test (eat-26) were examined in croatian girls of different ages. a self-report survey was given to 225 girls (grades 5 to 8), 525 high school girls (grades 9 to 12), and 646 female university students. factor analysis revealed the existence of four factors for cheat, and three interpretable factors for eat-26. internal consistency of both instruments was satisfactory. 10.3% of school girls sc ... | 2005 | 16682865 |
| child temperament does not predict adolescent body composition in girls. | our previous cross-sectional analysis of mit growth and development (mit) study girls showed that activity temperament, as assessed by a nine-item temperament questionnaire, was related to body composition and nonresting energy expenditure (nree). in girls with lower levels of physical activity, having a high activity temperament was associated with a higher nree. percentage body fat was lower in girls with high vs low activity temperament. based on these results, we hypothesized that, especiall ... | 2005 | 15545977 |
| quantum optics: cheat detection. | 2005 | 15703728 | |
| adulteration of foodstuffs: from misleading to poisoning. experiences of a new eu member state (hungary) on the threshold of market economy. | the increasing number of food producers, and the outstanding amount of import foodstuffs enables the producers to mislead and cheat consumers. to differentiate those who take advantage of legal rules from the ones who commit food adulteration is very difficult. the consciousness of consumers would be crucial. however, how can we expect consequent behavior from them regarding controversial issues emerging day by day? in addition, ignorance and unfair market behavior may endanger consumer health a ... | 2005 | 15702595 |
| enhancing ethical behavior: views of students, administrators, and faculty. | in an article published in the april 2004 issue of the journal of dental education, dr. charles bertolami proposed that our ethics curricula don't work due to the limitations of didactic education. he suggested that ethics should be taught as a "precurriculum" course prior to entering dental school and that the dental school ethics course should be elective and consist of small groups of students who are guided to introspection to understand their true self-interest. he argued that "enlightened" ... | 2005 | 15689604 |
| the clinical health economics system simulation (chess): a teaching tool for systems- and practice-based learning. | academic medical centers face barriers to training physicians in systems- and practice-based learning competencies needed to function in the changing health care environment. to address these problems, at the university of virginia school of medicine the authors developed the clinical health economics system simulation (chess), a computerized team-based quasi-competitive simulator to teach the principles and practical application of health economics. chess simulates treatment costs to patients a ... | 2005 | 15671315 |
| how surveillance begets perceptions of dishonesty: the case of the counterfactual sinner. | three studies support the hypothesis that observers' impressions of actors reflect not only what actors do but also what they can easily be imagined doing. participants in studies 1 and 2 observed a 10-year-old boy take a math test in a context in which the incentive to cheat and the constraints against cheating varied. when the incentive to cheat was high but the likelihood of getting caught was also high, observers perceived a target who resisted the temptation to cheat as less honest than the ... | 2005 | 16162048 |
| [factors for voiding dysfunction and cystocele]. | to evaluate the clinical and urodynamic features of a series of women with post void residual urine (disbalanced voiding) and various degrees of associated cystocele. | 2005 | 15989095 |
| correlates of children's eating attitude test scores among primary school children. | a total of 107 malay primary school girls (8-9 yr. old) completed a set of measurements on eating behavior (cheat, food neophobia scales, and dieting experience), the rosenberg self-esteem scale, body shape satisfaction, dietary intake, weight, and height. about 38% of the girls scored 20 and more on the cheat, and 46% of them reported dieting by reducing sugar and sweets (73%), skipping meals (67%), reducing fat foods (60%) and snacks (53%) as the most frequent methods practiced. in general, th ... | 2005 | 15974357 |
| are gender differences in high achievement disappearing? a test in one intellectual domain. | males traditionally predominate at upper achievement levels. one general view holds that this is due only to various social factors such as the 'glass ceiling' and lack of female role models. another view holds that it occurs partly because of innate ability differences, with more males being at upper ability levels. in the last few decades, women have become more achievement focused and competitive and have gained many more opportunities to achieve. the present study examined one intellectual d ... | 2005 | 15906890 |
| crystallographic data collection using a 0.22% bandwidth multilayer. | to bridge the gap between traditional multilayer and crystal optics a high-resolution multilayer monochromator with a bandwidth of 0.22% has been designed and installed on a bending-magnet beamline (f3) at the cornell high energy synchrotron source (chess) to provide an unfocused monochromatic x-ray beam for protein crystallography experiments. crystallographic data of excellent quality from a medium-sized protein, concanavalin a, were collected and processed using standard crystallographic prog ... | 2005 | 15840920 |
| a psychometric analysis of chess expertise. | this study introduces the amsterdam chess test (act). the act measures chess playing proficiency through 5 tasks: a choose-a-move task (comprising two parallel tests), a motivation questionnaire, a predict-a-move task, a verbal knowledge questionnaire, and a recall task. the validity of these tasks was established using external criteria based on the elo chess rating system. results from a representative sample of active chess players showed that the act is a very reliable test for chess experti ... | 2005 | 15822609 |
| strategic intensity: a conversation with world chess champion garry kasparov. | it's hard to find a better exemplar for competition than chess. the image of two brilliant minds locked in a battle of skill and will-in which chance plays little or no apparent role-is compelling. even people who have scant knowledge of the game instinctively recognize that chess is unusual in terms of its intellectual complexity and the strategic demands it places on players. can strategists learn anything from chess players about what it takes to win? to find out, h br senior editor diane l. ... | 2005 | 15807038 |
| knight's move thinking? mild cognitive impairment in a chess player. | we report the case of a chess player with superior premorbid cognitive function who presented to the cognitive disorders clinic at the national hospital for neurology and neurosurgery with a 2-year history of symptoms of possible memory loss. initially the mri scan appearance was within normal limits and his cognitive scores inside the normal range; subsequently his cognitive function deteriorated and he fulfilled criteria for mild cognitive impairment (mci) two years later. unexpectedly he died ... | 2005 | 15804921 |
| factors influencing patient choice for bariatric operation. | no study has surveyed the factors that influence morbidly obese patients' preference for a particular bariatric operation. | 2005 | 15802062 |
| computer-aided organic synthesis. | it is tempting for those in the field of organic synthesis to liken the process of retrosynthesis to a game of chess. that the world chess champion was recently defeated by a computer leads us to think that perhaps new and powerful computing methods could be applied to synthetic problems. here the analogy between synthesis and chess is outlined. achievements in the 35-year history of computer-aided synthetic design are described, followed by some more recent developments. | 2005 | 15726161 |
| reasoning about dead agents reveals possible adaptive trends. | we investigated whether (a) people positively reevaluate the characters of recently dead others and (b) supernatural primes concerning an ambient dead agent serve to curb selfish intentions. in study 1, participants made trait attributions to three strangers depicted in photographs; one week later, they returned to do the same but were informed that one of the strangers had died over the weekend. participants rated the decedent target more favorably after learning of his death whereas ratings fo ... | 2005 | 26189837 |
| a chess lesson. | 2005 | 16309111 | |
| structure and stimulus familiarity: a study of memory in chess-players with functional magnetic resonance imaging. | a grandmaster and an international chess master were compared with a group of novices in a memory task with chess and non-chess stimuli, varying the structure and familiarity of the stimuli, while functional magnetic resonance images were acquired. the pattern of brain activity in the masters was different from that of the novices. masters showed no differences in brain activity when different degrees of structure and familiarity where compared; however, novices did show differences in brain act ... | 2005 | 16255391 |
| chess game at the fda. | 2005 | 16254152 | |
| the effect of two models of supervision on selected outcomes. | to evaluate the effect of training in two different supervisory models on the supervision itself, the quality of care, and job satisfaction of nurses in different service settings in a district health service (dhs) in south africa. | 2005 | 16235871 |
| children with early refusal to eat: follow-up in adolescence. | to describe the adolescent outcome of infant refusal to eat (rte) and to investigate early predictors of adolescent outcomes. | 2005 | 16203671 |
| prefrontal white matter in pathological liars. | studies have shown increased bilateral activation in the prefrontal cortex when normal individuals lie, but there have been no structural imaging studies of deceitful individuals. | 2005 | 16199789 |
| solo hand surgery. | unassisted hand surgery is being undertaken by necessity for both elective and emergency cases, due to hospital resource restrictions. the authors outline the principles of local anesthesia, surgeon-controlled tourniquet techniques, and a number of new instruments which allow a surgeon to work in comfort and safety, unassisted. the traditional surgical instruments designed for the days when trained surgical assistants were available to hold them are no longer suitable. we are entering a new era ... | 2005 | 24223015 |
| use and impact of ehealth system by low-income women with breast cancer. | this article is the second of a two-part series reporting on a population-based study intended to use an ehealth system to examine the feasibility of reaching underserved women with breast cancer (gustafson, mctavish et al., reducing the digital divide for low-income women with breast cancer, 2004; madison center for health systems research and analysis, university of wisconsin; comprehensive health enhancement support system [chess]) and determine how they use the system and what impact it had ... | 2005 | 16377608 |
| [the prokaryotic expression and the establishment of the putative indirect elisa assay for the ha gene for avian influenza virus (aiv) h5n1 subtype]. | using a pair of specific primers designed according to the relevant nucleotide sequence from genbank, the ha1 gene of h5n1 subtype aiv was amplified with pcr method. the pcr product was cloned into pet-32a(+) to get a prokaryotic recombinant plasmid pet-ha1. the target gene was successfully expressed in the host cell bl21 (de3) when induced with iptg. the expression was optimized with proper inducing conditions of 0.8 mmol/l iptg and 3 hours induction. the highest expression of the target protei ... | 2005 | 15847164 |
| hypermutability impedes cooperation in pathogenic bacteria. | when the supply of beneficial mutations limits adaptation, bacterial mutator alleles can reach high frequencies by hitchhiking with advantageous mutations. however, when populations are well adapted to their environments, the increased rate of deleterious mutations makes hypermutability selectively disadvantageous. here, we consider a further cost of hypermutability: its potential to break down cooperation (group-beneficial behavior that is costly to the individual). this probably occurs for thr ... | 2005 | 16271876 |
| cheating is not always punished: killer female plants and pollination by deceit in the dwarf palm chamaerops humilis. | because the interests of mutualists are not perfectly aligned, conflicts between partners often arise, rendering mutualism unstable by allowing the evolution of cheating. the dwarf palm chamaerops humilis is engaged in a nursery pollination mutualism with a specific weevil derelomus chamaeropsis. in exchange for pollen dispersal, dwarf palms provide pollinators with food, shelter and egg-laying sites, but pollinators can develop only within male inflorescences. here we show that weevils lay eggs ... | 2004 | 15271086 |
| measuring progress in multirobot research with rating methods--the robocup example. | rating the intelligence of artificially made systems is important for measuring progress in scientific and engineering methods. unfortunately, there is currently no universal agreement about what is considered an intelligent system, and how to measure its intelligence. this research focus on measuring the progress in the robotic technologies deployed for the robocup competitions, since one of the original premises of those competitions was to advance the development of intelligent robotic system ... | 2004 | 15376876 |
| pleiotropy as a mechanism to stabilize cooperation. | most genes affect many traits. this phenomenon, known as pleiotropy, is a major constraint on evolution because adaptive change in one trait may be prevented because it would compromise other traits affected by the same genes. here we show that pleiotropy can have an unexpected effect and benefit one of the most enigmatic of adaptations--cooperation. a spectacular act of cooperation occurs in the social amoeba dictyostelium discoideum, in which some cells die to form a stalk that holds the other ... | 2004 | 15470429 |
| allelic dimorphism in the merozoite surface protein-3alpha in korean isolates of plasmodium vivax. | to study the genetic diversity of re-emerging plasmodium vivax in the republic of korea, nucleotide sequence variations at the merozoite surface protein-3alpha (pvmsp-3alpha) locus were analyzed using 24 re-emerging isolates and 4 isolates from imported cases. compared with the well known belem strain (brazil), a large number of amino acid substitutions, deletions, and insertions were found at the locus of the isolates examined. the korean isolates were divided into two allelic types; type i (15 ... | 2004 | 15642964 |
| the prisoner's dilemma and polymorphism in yeast suc genes. | the suc multigene family of the single-celled yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae is polymorphic, with genes varying both in number and activity. all of the genes encode invertase, an enzyme that is secreted to digest sucrose outside of the cell. this communal endeavour creates the potential for individual cells to defect (cheat) by stealing the sugar digested by their neighbours without contributing the enzyme themselves. we measured the fitness of a defector, with a deleted suc2 gene, relative to a ... | 2004 | 15101409 |
| back to basics: don't lie, cheat, or steal. | 2004 | 16192213 | |
| chunks in expert memory: evidence for the magical number four ... or is it two? | this study aims to test the divergent predictions of the chunking theory (chase & simon, 1973) and template theory (gobet & simon, 1996a, 2000) with respect to the number of chunks held in visual short-term memory and the size of chunks used by experts. we presented game and random chessboards in both a copy and a recall task. in a within-subject design, the stimuli were displayed using two presentation media: (a) physical board and pieces, as in chase and simon's (1973) study; and (b) a compute ... | 2004 | 15724362 |
| chess-playing epilepsy: a case report with video-eeg and back averaging. | a patient suffering from juvenile myoclonic epilepsy experienced myoclonic jerks, fairly regularly, while playing chess. the myoclonus appeared particularly when he had to plan his strategy, to choose between two solutions or while raising the arm to move a chess figure. video-eeg-polygraphy was performed, with back averaging of the myoclonus registered during a chess match and during neuropsychological testing with kohs cubes. the eeg spike wave complexes were localised in the fronto-central re ... | 2004 | 15634627 |
| kaser: knowledge amplification by structured expert randomization. | in this paper and attached video, we present a third-generation expert system named knowledge amplification by structured expert randomization (kaser) for which a patent has been filed by the u.s. navy's spawar systems center, san diego, ca (ssc sd). kaser is a creative expert system. it is capable of deductive, inductive, and mixed derivations. its qualitative creativity is realized by using a tree-search mechanism. the system achieves creative reasoning by using a declarative representation of ... | 2004 | 15619932 |
| neurochemistry of late-life major depression: a pilot two-dimensional mr spectroscopic study. | to evaluate a two-dimensional localized chemical shift correlated spectroscopy (l-cosy) sequence in elderly patients with major depression. | 2004 | 15558563 |
| t2-weighted spine imaging with a fast three-point dixon technique: comparison with chemical shift selective fat suppression. | to develop a phased-array coil-compatible, fast three-point dixon (tpd) technique, and compare its performance in t2-weighted spine imaging with that of the standard chemical shift selective (chess) fat suppression technique. | 2004 | 15558561 |
| [effect of sport participation on the dynamics of attention parameters and successfulness of studies in school children of junior age]. | the study of dynamics of attention parameters in junior schoolchildren (aged from 7 to 9) going in for sports has established that this period of ontogenesis is characterized by further progressive development of attention, though uneven in rate. the age-related dynamics of change in attention parameters (its volume, efficiency, distribution and turning rate) in children having additional physical and intellectual load has been discovered to be identical with non-sportive group. the rate of form ... | 2004 | 15693302 |
| evolution of spite through indirect reciprocity. | how can cooperation persist in the face of a temptation to 'cheat'? several recent papers have suggested that the answer may lie in indirect reciprocity. altruistic individuals may benefit by eliciting altruism from observers, rather than (as in direct reciprocity) from the recipient of the aid they provide. here, we point out that indirect reciprocity need not always favour cooperation; by contrast, it may support spiteful behaviour, which is costly for the both actor and recipient. existing th ... | 2004 | 15347514 |
| [visual potentials in humans with multiple sclerosis evoked by checkboard pattern of different contrast with additional noise]. | a hypothesis is advanced of an effect of internal noise upon signal conduction along visual nerve in an early stage of multiple sclerosis. visual evoked potentials in response to chess patterns against a homogeneous background and against a noise background were studied in healthy subjects and in patients with multiple sclerosis. contrast between internal noise in the patients was found to be twice as great as in healthy subjects. | 2004 | 15296067 |
| chess and gardening: the rx for alzheimer's? | 2004 | 15270327 | |
| common sense, intuition, and theory in personality and social psychology. | theoretical work in personality and social psychology benefits from a well-developed understanding of the prior empirical and theoretical work on a problem and from informed intuitions. intuitions develop about a subject matter through years of study, investigation, and problem solving, just as chess masters develop a sophisticated set of cognitive structures that change the very appearance of the chess board. in part because the subject matter is so personal, students new to personality and soc ... | 2004 | 15223510 |
| the effects of speed on skilled chess performance. | two types of mechanisms may underlie chess skill: fast mechanisms, such as recognition, and slow mechanisms, such as search through the space of possible moves and responses. speed distinguishes these mechanisms, so i examined archival data on blitz chess (5 min for the whole game), in which the opportunities for search are greatly reduced. if variation in fast processes accounts for substantial variation in chess skill, performance in blitz chess should correlate highly with a player's overall ... | 2004 | 15200627 |
| cheat sensitive quantum bit commitment. | we define cheat sensitive cryptographic protocols between mistrustful parties as protocols which guarantee that, if either cheats, the other has some nonzero probability of detecting the cheating. we describe an unconditionally secure cheat sensitive nonrelativistic bit commitment protocol which uses quantum information to implement a task which is classically impossible; we also describe a simple relativistic protocol. | 2004 | 15169319 |
| does academic dishonesty relate to unethical behavior in professional practice? an exploratory study. | previous research indicates that students in engineering self-report cheating in college at higher rates than those in most other disciplines. prior work also suggests that participation in one deviant behavior is a reasonable predictor of future deviant behavior. this combination of factors leads to a situation where engineering students who frequently participate in academic dishonesty are more likely to make unethical decisions in professional practice. to investigate this scenario, we propos ... | 2004 | 15152857 |
| dieting among preadolescent and young adolescent females. | we examined the prevalence of dieting and negative eating attitudes among 2279 females (aged 10-14 years) in southern ontario. self-report questionnaires revealed that 29.3% of the girls were currently trying to lose weight and 10.5% had scores greater than the clinical threshold for disordered eating (children's version of the eating attitudes test [cheat] score > or = 20). those with elevated cheat scores were more likely than those with lower scores to be engaged in dieting and other extreme ... | 2004 | 15136549 |
| judgment and decision-making: experts' and novices' evaluation of chess positions. | the present study examined how experts differ from nonexperts in estimation and evaluation during a judgment-and-decision task. in the experiment, the performance of 125 chess players (21 women and 104 men) whose mean age was 32.5 yr. (sd = 13.3) was examined to assess decision processes with an emphasis on postdecision differentiation and consolidation. chess players of differing skill made evaluations of a complex middle-game chess position. the experimental condition was made by the means of ... | 2004 | 15058886 |
| novelty seekers and impulsive subjects are low in morningness. | the bipolar dimension of morningness-eveningness refers to the preferred times of day for achieving various activities (i.e. the phase of the circadian clock). it is validated from a biological point of view, associated with at least one gene and heritable through an epistatic mechanism. it has been used as a proxy to study the relationships between the circadian system, personality and psychopathology: there is a correlation between the evening orientation and depression, extraversion and, prob ... | 2004 | 15051106 |
| evaluation of carbohydrate molecular mechanical force fields by quantum mechanical calculations. | a quantitative evaluation of 20 second-generation carbohydrate force fields was carried out using ab initio and density functional methods. geometry-optimized structures (b3lyp/6-31g(d)) and relative energies using augmented correlation consistent basis sets were calculated in gas phase for monosaccharide carbohydrate benchmark systems. selected results are: (i). the interaction energy of the alpha-d-glucopyranose.h(2)o heterodimer is estimated to be 4.9 kcal/mol, using a composite method includ ... | 2004 | 15010301 |
| sports drug testing--an analyst's perspective. | sport plays a major role in the lives of many people, both for active participation and as entertainment. sport is now a huge nationally and internationally based industry. the desire to win has led some athletes to resort to the use of performance enhancing drugs. with huge financial rewards now available in some sports the pressure to excel has grown. some have argued that drug use should be given free rein, however most people are of the view that it is athletic prowess that should be applaud ... | 2004 | 14737504 |
| the nerve growth factor and the neuroscience chess board. | 2004 | 14699984 | |
| selective missing pulse steady state free precession (mp-ssfp): inner volume and chemical shift selective imaging in a steady state sequence. | to examine new sequences that restrict acquisition of spins to those excited by both of the rf pulses in missing pulse steady state free precession (mp-ssfp) mri. | 2004 | 14696229 |
| three-dimensional chess in a rowboat. | 2004 | 11411408 | |
| cheat sheets. | 2004 | 1990324 | |
| [effect of the size of chess pattern elements on visual evoked potentials of the cerebral cortex in children]. | 2004 | 2276546 | |
| [indices of humoral-hormonal regulation of functions in highly skilled chess-players]. | 2004 | 4043628 | |
| humoral-hormonal control of functions in expert chess players. | 2004 | 3830868 | |
| an interview with senator john d. rockefeller iv. interview by carmella bocchino. | congress is faced with moving forward a pressing health care agenda while the federal deficit demands major budget cuts in medicare. a pivotal player in this chess game is senator john d. rockefeller iv (d-wv). in this interview with nursing economic+, sen. rockefeller discusses catastrophic health insurance, medicare, long-term care, and other health care issues. | 2004 | 2511451 |
| can mental and physical activities such as chess and gardening help in the prevention and treatment of alzheimer's? healthy aging through stimulation of the mind. | 2003 | 14694752 | |
| [skeletons in the cupboard--treatment of arne torkildsen]. | arne torkildsen (1899-1968) developed torkildsen's operation, the first successful shunt operation treating increased intraventricular pressure in the brain. he defended his doctoral thesis "ventriculo-cisternostomy" in the university of copenhagen in 1950, a thesis that had been rejected by the university of oslo in his home country norway. he was not found qualified for the post of associate professor in neurosurgery in spite of being recommended by two international adjudicating committees on ... | 2003 | 14691511 |
| bromus species in winter wheat-population dynamics and competitiveness. | the infestation of bromus species in small grains, especially in winter cereals has increased over recent years. in some areas winter wheat growers consider bromus spp. as their worst grass weed. besides yield reduction, bromus spp. cause lodging and complication of harvest. in germany the two most dominant species are bromus sterilis (l.) and bromus secalinus (l.). in order to develop control strategies the population dynamics of the weeds were investigated. based on the results a deterministic ... | 2003 | 15149129 |
| [more and more researchers are tempted to cheat. tougher competition concerning resource allocation and career possibilities]. | 2003 | 15148717 | |
| [usefulness of 3d-vibe method in breast dynamic mri: imaging parameters and contrasting effects]. | mr imaging (mri) has been reported to be a useful modality to characterize breast tumors and to evaluate disease extent. contrast-enhanced dynamic mri, in particular, allows breast lesions to be characterized with high sensitivity and specificity. our study was designed to develop three-dimensional volumetric interpolated breath-hold examination (3d-vibe) techniques for the evaluation of breast tumors. first, agarose/gd-dtpa phantoms with various concentrations of gd-dtpa were imaged using 3d-vi ... | 2003 | 12881683 |