Publications

comparison of two clinic-based immunoassays with the immunofluorescence antibody test for the field diagnosis of canine monocytic ehrlichiosis.	the aim of this study was to compare a clinic-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (immunocomb-eliza, biogal, israel) and a field-based dot-blot enzyme-linked immunoassay (dbelia) with the indirect immunofluoresence antibody test (ifat) used for the field diagnostics of canine monocytic ehrlichiosis (cme). the total test samples was 60; out of them 52 serum samples came from naturally exposed police german shepherd dogs and 8 from adult mongrels infected with viable ehrlichia canis propagated ...	2009	19621766
use of chimeric dna-rna primers in quantitative pcr for detection of ehrlichia canis and babesia canis.	to overcome the problem of nonspecific by-products in quantitative pcr (qpcr) assays, we constructed dna-rna chimeric primers and evaluated their use in the detection and quantification of the ehrlichia canis 16s rrna, babesia canis hsp70, and canine beta-actin genes. several rna bases were incorporated into specific positions in the dna primers, while no rna stretches were allowed. qpcr reactions were carried out without preamplification steps. this resulted in decreased formation of undesirabl ...	2009	19633128
canine inflammatory myopathy associated with leishmania infantum infection.	inflammatory myopathy associated with several infectious diseases occurs in dogs including those caused by toxoplasma gondii, neospora caninum, ehrlichia canis and hepatozoon canis. however, muscle disease due to leishmania infection has been poorly documented. the aim of this study was to examine the distribution and types of cellular infiltrates and expression of mhc class i and ii in muscle biopsies obtained from 15 male beagle dogs from a breeder group with an established diagnosis of leishm ...	2009	19084398
atypical clinical presentation of coinfection with ehrlichia, babesia and hepatozoon species in a dog.		2009	19122221
longitudinal quantification of ehrlichia canis in experimental infection with comparison to natural infection.	ehrlichia canis is a major tick-borne bacterial pathogen of dogs. quantitative real-time pcr was evaluated for the detection of e. canis in naturally (ni) and experimentally infected (ei) dogs. dna was extracted from blood, spleen and conjunctival swabs of experimentally infected dogs pre- and post-infection (pi), and during doxycycline therapy, and from blood and conjunctivas of naturally infected dogs. the primers and probe were designed to amplify a 93bp fragment of the single copy e. canis 1 ...	2009	19128893
toward diagnosing leishmania infantum infection in asymptomatic dogs in an area where leishmaniasis is endemic.	the most frequently used diagnostic methods were compared in a longitudinal survey with leishmania infantum-infected asymptomatic dogs from an area of italy where leishmaniasis is endemic. in february and march 2005, 845 asymptomatic dogs were tested by an immunofluorescence antibody test (ifat), a dipstick assay (ds), and an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) for l. infantum and by ifat for ehrlichia canis. dogs seronegative for l. infantum were further parasitologically evaluated by mic ...	2009	19129471
prevalence and geographic distribution of dirofilaria immitis, borrelia burgdorferi, ehrlichia canis, and anaplasma phagocytophilum in dogs in the united states: results of a national clinic-based serologic survey.	we evaluated a comprehensive national database that documents canine infection with, or exposure to, four vector-borne disease agents, dirofilaria immitis, borrelia burgdorferi, ehrlichia canis, and anaplasma phagocytophilum in order to assess geographic trends in rates of positive tests. while the percent positive test results varied by agent in different regions of the united states, with d. immitis antigen and antibodies to e. canis more commonly identified in dogs from the south (3.9% and 1. ...	2009	19150176
indices of urine n-acetyl-beta-d-glucosaminidase and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase activities in clinically normal adult dogs.	to establish reference ranges for indices of urine n-acetyl-b-d-glucosaminidase (nag) and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (ggt) activities in clinically normal adult dogs.	2009	19231965
a suspected case of lyme borreliosis in a hunting dog in korea.	a two-year-old male pointer had been presented with anorexia, cachexia, and weight loss of 10-day duration. upon physical examination, fever, lethargy, superficial lymph node enlargement, and tick infestation were noted. the only abnormality in cbc and serum chemistry analyses was mild hyperglobulinemia. spleen was enlarged by radiography, and the lymph nodes showed neutrophilic lymphadenitis by cytological examination. a polymerase chain reaction test for babesiosis and commercial elisa tests f ...	2009	19255531
development of multiplex polymerase chain reaction for detection of ehrlichia canis, babesia spp and hepatozoon canis in canine blood.	a multiplex polymerase chain reaction (pcr) has been developed for simultaneous detection of canine blood parasites, ehrlichia canis, babesia spp and hepatozoon canis, from blood samples in a single reaction. the multiplex pcr primers were specific to e. canis virb9, babesia spp 16s rrna and h. canis 16s rrna genes. specificity of the amplicons was confirmed by dna sequencing. the assay was evaluated using normal canine and infected blood samples, which were detected by microscopic examination. ...	2009	19323031
effects of therapy on haemostasis in dogs infected with leishmania infantum, ehrlichia canis, or both combined.		2009	19346544
molecular detection of ehrlichia canis in cats in brazil.		2009	19374643
ehrlichia canis and leishmania infantum co-infection: a 3-year longitudinal study in naturally exposed dogs.		2009	19416288
evaluation of a serum-based pcr assay for the diagnosis of canine monocytic ehrlichiosis.	the aim of this study was to estimate the relative diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of a polymerase chain reaction (pcr) assay in the serum of dogs with naturally occurring non-myelosuppressive canine monocytic ehrlichiosis (cme), and to investigate the association between pcr positivity and immunofluorescence antibody (ifa) titres for ehrlichia canis. serum samples obtained from 38 dogs with non-myelosuppressive cme and 12 healthy dogs were analyzed retrospectively. each serum sample was ...	2009	19419823
major species-specific antibody epitopes of the ehrlichia chaffeensis p120 and e. canis p140 orthologs in surface-exposed tandem repeat regions.	ehrlichia chaffeensis and e. canis have a small subset of tandem repeat (tr)-containing protein orthologs, including p120/p140, which elicit strong antibody responses. the tr regions of these protein orthologs are immunoreactive, but the molecular characteristics of the p120/p140 epitopes have not been determined. in this study, the immunodeterminants of the e. chaffeensis p120 and e. canis p140 were identified and molecularly defined. major antibody epitope-containing regions of both p120 and p ...	2009	19420187
a confusing case of canine vector-borne disease: clinical signs and progression in a dog co-infected with ehrlichia canis and bartonella vinsonii ssp. berkhoffii.	abstract : bartonella spp. are important pathogens in human and veterinary medicine, and bartonellosis is considered as an emerging zoonosis that is being reported with increasing frequency. of 22 known species and subspecies of bartonella, seven have been isolated from dogs, causing disease manifestations similar to those seen in human beings. the wide variety of clinical signs and the possible chronic progression of disease manifestations are illustrated in the case of an infected labrador ret ...	2009	19426442
attenuation of ehrlichia canis by multiple passages in two different cultures.		2009	19438628
rapid screening and cultivation of ehrlichia canis from refrigerated carrier blood.		2009	19438630
a molecular and serological study of exposure to tick-borne pathogens in sick dogs from italy.		2009	19456799
ehrlichia canis phylogenetic analysis of the borgo (corsica) strain.		2009	19456800
gammaifn ehrlichia canis-specific cell responses.		2009	19456819
[left ventricular pressure-volume diagram determined by forward and backward formatting of radionuclide ventriculography and analog pressure data].	pressure-volume (pv) loop is of great value for the assessment of left ventricular (lv) function, but its clinical application has been limited by methodological complexity. a new system was developed to make accurate loop with simplified procedure, and was applied to clinical and interventional study. the system constitutes of a mobile gamma camera, a poly-amplifier and a data processor (gms-550u, toshiba medical) installed in cardiac catheterization labo for simultaneous raw data handling and ...	2009	2786583
psychiatric expertise in clinical decision making for psychiatric inpatients.	hospital boards and medical staffs are faced with difficult decisions about whether nonphysician mental health professionals should be given admitting privileges to psychiatric hospitals or treatment units. the authors describe the special medical expertise of the psychiatrist and define 11 indicators, such as a patient's need for new psychotropic medication or the presence of symptoms requiring medical or laboratory procedures, that can be used to determine whether psychiatric expertise is need ...	2009	3111970
psychiatric expertise in clinical decision making for psychiatric inpatients.	hospital boards and medical staffs are faced with difficult decisions about whether nonphysician mental health professionals should be given admitting privileges to psychiatric hospitals or treatment units. the authors describe the special medical expertise of the psychiatrist and define 11 indicators, such as a patient's need for new psychotropic medication or the presence of symptoms requiring medical or laboratory procedures, that can be used to determine whether psychiatric expertise is need ...	2009	3111970
desipramine isn't when it's disopyramide.		2009	2739015
allograft tolerance induction in adult mice associated with functional deletion of specific ctl precursors.	rejection of h-2 class i bm 1 mutant skin allografts by b6 recipient mice is mediated by a population of cd8+ anti-bm1 cytotoxic t-lymphocytes that produces and consumes its own t helper factor in response to bm1 skin allografts (dual function ctl). previously we have demonstrated that transfusion of allogeneic lymphocytes across an h-2 class i disparity induces specific long-lasting skin allograft survival. we now show that intravenous injection of allogeneic spleen cells across the bm1 mutant ...	2009	2815256
allograft tolerance induction in adult mice associated with functional deletion of specific ctl precursors.	rejection of h-2 class i bm 1 mutant skin allografts by b6 recipient mice is mediated by a population of cd8+ anti-bm1 cytotoxic t-lymphocytes that produces and consumes its own t helper factor in response to bm1 skin allografts (dual function ctl). previously we have demonstrated that transfusion of allogeneic lymphocytes across an h-2 class i disparity induces specific long-lasting skin allograft survival. we now show that intravenous injection of allogeneic spleen cells across the bm1 mutant ...	2009	2815256
development of neural inducing capacity in dissociated xenopus embryos.	during gastrulation in amphibians, dorsal ectoderm is converted by induction from an epidermal pathway to central nervous system (cns). we show in this report that the ability of the embryo to manufacture this neural inducing signal is not dependent upon intercellular communication between early cleavage and early gastrula stages. this result is consistent with the interpretation that the cell lineage that induces cns formation arises itself by a cell-autonomous mechanism, perhaps specified by m ...	2009	2731653
[prevention of stomatitis induced by anti-cancer drugs].	a randomized control trial study was carried out to evaluate the effect of allopurinol mouth wash on stomatitis induced by chemotherapy in gynecologic patients. chemotherapeutics used consisted of 5-fu+cddp (pf) given to 10 patients and vincristine and actinomycin-d+cyclophosphamide (vac) given to 5. allopurinol mouth wash was prepared for patients to rinse their mouth with the solution 4-5 times daily before and after treatment with anti-cancer drugs. the japan society for cancer therapy's crit ...	2009	2679397
diarrhoeal diseases: perceptions and practices in nepal.	a study undertaken in nepal collected information on believed causes of diarrhoea and traditional treatments. natural causes for diarrhoea were more frequently reported than supernatural causes, the most important being teething (75% of respondents reporting it to be a cause) followed by food considered to be 'cold' in the hindu ayurvedic classification (57.5%), stale food (52.5%), hot food (41%) and dirty water (38%). the terminology reported for dehydration however, indicates strong links with ...	2009	2928835
successful implantation of penile prostheses in organ transplant patients.	we present our experience with implantation of penile prostheses in 6 organ transplant recipients, including 2 patients after renal transplantation and 4 patients after cardiac transplantation. we have seen no problems related to prosthesis surgery in this patient population, and in particular have experienced no infectious complications. all patients received strict perioperative antibiotic and steroid coverage. we conclude that erectile impotence in the male organ transplant patient can be suc ...	2009	2648658
elevation of factor vii activity and mass in young adults at risk of ischemic heart disease.	the northwick park heart study found that elevation of factor vii in middle-aged subjects was an independent risk factor for subsequent ischemic heart disease. the present study was designed to determine whether factor vii elevation is present at a younger age and whether zymogen or activated factor vii is responsible for this elevation. a group of 20 asymptomatic first degree relatives (mean age 34.9 years) of patients with premature ischemic heart disease were compared with 15 age-matched norm ...	2009	2794283
[written information on prescribed drugs provided by pharmacies].		2009	2815030
[written information on prescribed drugs provided by pharmacies].		2009	2815030
growth inhibitors: molecular diversity and roles in cell proliferation.		2009	2681129
[europe 1992: big brother is watching you].		2009	2812101
[europe 1992: big brother is watching you].		2009	2812101
airway obstruction due to goiter in older patients.	it has been shown that goiters can progressively enlarge to compress the surrounding trachea or esophagus and result in incapacitating obstructive symptoms or potentially fatal airway obstruction. the potential of a goiter to become hyperactive also exists. recently, we have seen three older patients with longstanding untreated "benign" goiters who presented difficult management decisions. given the likelihood of progressive growth of a goiter and the increased life expectancy of these patients ...	2009	2687351
[aneurysm of the pancreaticoduodenal arteries and stenosis of the celiac trunk. apropos of a case].	the authors describe the different imaging techniques and their interest. they discuss their etiology. the association with stenosis of the coeliac axis incites to think at a hemodynamic theory.	2009	2681728
[efficacy of diltiazem in blood pressure increase caused by exertion].	after examining the properties of the 3 most widely used calcium antagonists, the paper assesses the efficacy of diltiazem in reducing blood pressure rises after exercise in a group of 7 patients with chronic atrial fibrillation. the blood pressure response to a standard load (50 w x 3 m2) on the exercise cycle was monitored in a group of patients under chronic digitalis treatment (phase i) after which the same patients' response to varying doses of diltiazem (180-240 mg/day) was assessed (phase ...	2009	2747939
parents and cataract kids. supporting the family to treat the child.		2009	2913319
three views on unified membership.		2009	2797824
three views on unified membership.		2009	2797824
[urologic examination and treatment of patients with acute injuries of the spinal medulla].	during a period of one year, nine patients with traumatic lesions of the spinal medulla were examined and treated urologically. the patients were followed-up for 24-36 months and follow-up will continue. all of the patients were treated primarily with sterile intermittent catheterization by the nursing staff. exceptions from this were patients in whom indwelling catheters were necessary on account of complicating conditions. during the acute phase, the patients were examined by a urologist and b ...	2009	2773121
platelet calmodulin content in diabetic subjects and its relationship with diabetes-induced hyperaggregability.		2009	3769722
use of phenytoin in healing of war and non-war wounds. a pilot study of 25 cases.	nineteen patients with war-related missile wounds and six with refractory civilian ulcers were treated with topical phenytoin sodium powder daily for up to 4 weeks. the mean healing time was 2 weeks for missile wounds, compared to historical controls requiring 6-8 weeks. healing time was 4 weeks for civilian ulcers that had been unresponsive to any treatment over the previous 5 months. twenty-two patients had complete healing, three required skin grafts. wider use of this safe, inexpensive, read ...	2009	2666326
modelling of reference values for size at birth.	data from the swedish medical birth registration, 1977-1981 were used to apply methods of constructing reference standards for size at birth. using clinical information a 'healthy' sub-population was extracted. the conditional distributions of birthweight (bw) and birthlength (bl) for each week of gestational age, and the conditional distribution of birthweight given birthlength were modelled using truncated normal distributions, after making use of box-cox power transformations. spline function ...	2009	2801107
the roles of stem cell self-renewal and autocrine growth factor production in the biology of myeloid leukemia.		2009	2650863
molecular evaluation of the incidence of ehrlichia canis, anaplasma platys and babesia spp. in dogs from ribeirão preto, brazil.	canine monocytic ehrlichiosis caused by ehrlichiacanis is endemic in many regions of brazil. since thrombocytopenia is a common finding in infected dogs, many clinicians tend to use it as an indication for antibiotic treatment. polymerase chain reaction (pcr) and nested pcr were used to study the presence of e. canis, anaplasma platys and babesia spp. in thrombocytopenic and non-thrombocytopenic dogs from ribeirão preto, brazil. despite the high prevalence of e. canis infection among thrombocyto ...	2009	17920967
detection of ehrlichia canis by polymerase chain reaction in dogs from portugal.	antibodies against ehrlichia canis, the cause of canine monocytic ehrlichiosis, have been reported previously in clinically ill and stray dogs from portugal. in this study, the 16s rrna gene of e. canis was detected by the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) in 12/55 (22%) of dogs with suspected tick-borne disease in the algarve region in portugal.	2009	18682335
serological survey of ehrlichia canis in stray dogs from yucatan, mexico, using two different diagnostic tests.	canine ehrlichiosis is a disease produced by the rickettsial organism ehrlichia canis. reported prevalence may vary greatly depending on the test and sampling method used. for the serological detection of antibodies against e. canis, the indirect immunofluorescence antibody test (ifa) is considered the gold standard. however, other available serological techniques such as the indirect immunoperoxidase technique (ipt) have not yet been tested and may be efficient in detecting specific antibodies. ...	2009	18945189
results from an indirect fluorescent antibody test using three different strains of ehrlichia canis.	an indirect fluorescent antibody (ifa) test is usually performed to detect antibodies in dogs naturally infected by ehrlichia canis. in this work, results obtained using three different e. canis strains as antigen (a commercial antigen, the e. canis oklahoma strain and the e. canis madrid strain) were compared. one hundred and forty-nine serum samples obtained from dogs living in the centre of spain were analysed. when qualitative results were evaluated, identical results were detected in 87.2% ...	2009	18760641
clinical, serological, and molecular evidence of ehrlichiosis and anaplasmosis in dogs in tunisia.	a seroepidemiological survey was conducted in five bioclimatic areas of tunisia to determine the prevalence of antibodies to ehrlichia canis and anaplasma phagocytophilum antigens, surrogate markers of the agents of canine monocytic ehrlichiosis (cme) and canine granulocytic ehrlichiosis, respectively. among 286 collected sera, 54.2% and 25.2% were seropositive for e. canis and a. phagocytophilum, respectively, by the indirect immunofluorescence antibody (ifa) test. clinical and hematological te ...	2009	19018569
molecular analysis of the rrna genes of babesia spp and ehrlichia canis detected in dogs from ribeirão preto, brazil.	the partial dna sequences of the 18s rrna gene of babesia canis and the 16s rrna gene of ehrlichia canis detected in dogs from ribeirão preto, brazil, were compared to sequences from other strains deposited in genbank. the e. canis strain circulating in ribeirão preto is identical to other strains previously detected in the region, whereas the subspecies babesia canis vogeli is the main babesia strain circulating in dogs from ribeirão preto.	2009	24031351
in vitro isolation and molecular characterization of an ehrlichia canis strain from são paulo, brazil.	an ehrlichia canis isolate was obtained from an naturally infected dog exhibiting clinical signs of ehrlichiosis in são paulo municipality, state of são paulo, brazil. the isolate was characterized by pcr and dna sequencing of portions of the ehrlichial genes dsb, 16srrna, and p28. partial dsb and 16s rrna sequences were identical to three and five other e. canis strains, respectively, from different countries and continents (including north america, africa, asia and europe). conversely, the p28 ...	2008	24031251
cultivation and molecular identification of ehrlichia canis and ehrlichia chaffeensis from a naturally co-infected dog in venezuela.	diagnosis of canine ehrlichiosis in venezuela is normally performed by examination of buffy coat smears (bcs). characteristic inclusion bodies are frequently observed in leukocytes and platelets from dogs with clinical signs of the disease.	2008	18761516
laboratory maintenance of ehrlichia chaffeensis and ehrlichia canis and recovery of organisms for molecular biology and proteomics studies.	tick-borne illnesses are emerging as a major concern for human health in recent years. these include the human monocytic ehrlichiosis caused by the amblyomma americanum tick-transmitted bacterium, ehrlichia chaffeensis; human ewingii ehrlichiosis caused by ehrlichia ewingii (also transmitted by a. americanum ticks); and human granulocytic anaplasmosis caused by the ixodes scapularis tick-transmitted pathogen, anaplasma phagocytophilum. likewise, tick-borne rickettsial pathogens are also a major ...	2008	18770537
retrospective clinical and molecular analysis of conditioned laboratory dogs (canis familiaris) with serologic reactions to ehrlichia canis, borrelia burgdorferi, and rickettsia rickettsii.	dogs are susceptible to different tickborne infections, including members of the anaplasmataceae (ehrlichia canis, e. ewingii, e. chaffeensis, anaplasma phagocytophilum, a. platys), borrelia burgdorferi, and rickettsia rickettsii. these diseases can manifest with clinical signs including fever, anorexia, malaise, lameness, rash, and bleeding episodes; however, these signs are nonpathognomonic, and infections can occur in the absence of clinical signs. hematologic abnormalities can include leukop ...	2008	18947166
[seroepidemiological evidence of human exposure to anaplasma sp in santiago, chile].	to find more evidence of human exposure to anaplasma sp in chile, we studied 108 contacts of dogs with canine ehrlichiosis (ce) (risk group) and 61 persons without tick or ce cases contact (control group). a survey including risk factors and history of diseases compatible with ehrlichiosis/ anaplasmosis was applied to the risk group. serum igg anti-anaplasma sp antibodies were determined in both groups.	2008	18949148
host surveys, ixodid tick biology and transmission scenarios as related to the tick-borne pathogen, ehrlichia canis.	the ehrlichioses have been subject to increasing interest from veterinary and public health perspectives, but experimental studies of these diseases and their etiologic agents can be challenging. ehrlichia canis, the primary etiologic agent of canine monocytic ehrlichiosis, is relatively well characterized and offers unique advantages and opportunities to study interactions between a monocytotropic pathogen and both its vertebrate and invertebrate hosts. historically, advances in tick-borne dise ...	2008	18963493
detection of a theileria species in dogs in south africa.	a theileria species was detected by pcr in blood samples collected from dogs in the pietermaritzburg area and was also found in dogs presented at the outpatients clinic of the onderstepoort veterinary academic hospital (ovah), in the pretoria area, south africa. in the pietermaritzburg area, 79 of the 192 samples were positive, while 3 out of 1137 of the onderstepoort samples were positive. three positive samples from pietermaritzburg were co-infected with ehrlichia canis. pcr positive samples w ...	2008	18687528
canine vector-borne diseases in brazil.	abstract: canine vector-borne diseases (cvbds) are highly prevalent in brazil and represent a challenge to veterinarians and public health workers, since some diseases are of great zoonotic potential. dogs are affected by many protozoa (e.g., babesia vogeli, leishmania infantum, and trypanosoma cruzi), bacteria (e.g., anaplasma platys and ehrlichia canis), and helminths (e.g., dirofilaria immitis and dipylidium caninum) that are transmitted by a diverse range of arthropod vectors, including tick ...	2008	18691408
epidemiological and molecular study of ehrlichia canis in dogs in bahia, brazil.	the objective of the present article was an epidemiological and molecular study of ehrlichia canis in dogs of ilhéus and itabuna in bahia, as well as an evaluation of associated risk factors. blood samples were collected from 153 dogs and dna was extracted and analyzed by the nested-polymerase chain reaction, using one pair of primers to detect ehrlichia bacteria and another pair to detect the presence of e. canis. of the 153 animals, 12 (7.8%) were polymerase chain reaction-positive for e. cani ...	2008	18752193
molecular characterization of thai ehrlichia canis and anaplasma platys strains detected in dogs.	canine monocytic ehrlichiosis caused by ehrlichia canis is of veterinary importance worldwide. in thailand, there has been little information available on e. canis and its phylogeny. the objective of this study was to characterize and establish molecular structure and phylogeny of thai ehrlichia and anaplasma strains. genus-specific primers for ehrlichia and anaplasma were used to amplify the 16s rrna gene from naturally infected canine blood samples, and these amplicon sequences were compared w ...	2008	17643354
prevalence of ehrlichia canis, anaplasma platys, babesia canis vogeli, hepatozoon canis, bartonella vinsonii berkhoffii, and rickettsia spp. in dogs from grenada.	to identify the tick-borne pathogens in dogs from grenada, we conducted a serologic survey for ehrlichia canis in 2004 (104 dogs) and a comprehensive serologic and molecular survey for a variety of tick-borne pathogens in 2006 (73 dogs). in 2004 and 2006, 44 and 32 dogs (42.3% and 43.8%) were seropositive for e. canis, respectively. in 2006, several tick-borne pathogens were identified by serology and pcr. dna of e. canis, anaplasma platys, babesia canis vogeli, hepatozoon canis, and bartonella ...	2008	18160223
the brown dog tick, rhipicephalus sanguineus (latreille, 1806) (acari: ixodidae): from taxonomy to control.	rhipicephalus sanguineus, commonly known as the brown dog tick, is a three-host tick that feeds primarily on dogs and occasionally on other hosts, including humans. r. sanguineus ticks are widely distributed around the world and they are known vectors of pathogens, such as babesia canis, ehrlichia canis, and rickettsia conorii. the increasing number of cases of human parasitism by r. sanguineus ticks reported in the literature indicates that the interaction between humans and r. sanguineus ticks ...	2008	18280045
serological and molecular prevalence of borrelia burgdorferi, anaplasma phagocytophilum, and ehrlichia species in dogs from minnesota.	a population of 731 naturally exposed pet dogs examined at a private practice in baxter, minnesota, an area endemic for lyme disease and anaplasmosis, was tested by serological and molecular methods for evidence of exposure to or infection with selected vector-borne pathogens. serum samples were tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) for anaplasma phagocytophilum, borrelia burgdorferi, and ehrlichia canis antibodies and for dirofilaria immitis antigen. blood samples from 273 dogs we ...	2008	18302532
application of 10% imidacloprid/50% permethrin to prevent ehrlichia canis exposure in dogs under natural conditions.	canine monocytic ehrlichiosis (cme) caused by ehrlichia canis is the most known canine tick-borne disease (tbd) spread throughout the world. preventing tick bites is a priority to reduce the risk of tbds and it was the aim of the present study to evaluate the efficacy of a combination of imidacloprid 10% and permethrin 50% (imper) (advantix; bayer ag, germany) in a spot-on formulation to control cme under field conditions. on january-march 2005, 845 dogs from two kennels in southern italy (kenne ...	2008	18359166
succinate dehydrogenase gene arrangement and expression in anaplasma phagocytophilum.	dna sequencing of the region directly downstream of the anaplasma phagocytophilum (strain mrk) 16s rrna gene identified homologues of sdhc and sdhd; however, further sequencing by gene walking failed to identify additional sdh gene homologues. the sequence downstream of sdhd identified a partial gene, pep1, predicted to encode a protein >35.3 kda with 26.3% identity to a hypothetical ehrlichia canis protein with no known function. the recently completed sequence of the a. phagocytophilum genome ...	2008	18378408
experimental and field studies on the suitability of raccoons (procyon lotor) as hosts for tick-borne pathogens.	we investigated the experimental susceptibility and natural exposure of raccoons (procyon lotor) to five tick-borne pathogens of human and veterinary importance, ehrlichia canis, e. chaffeensis, e. ewingii, anaplasma phagocytophilum (apvariant 1 and ap-ha hge-1 strains), and borrelia lonestari. infections were assessed by polymerase chain reaction (pcr), indirect fluorescent antibody (ifa) testing, and/or culture isolation methods for at least 30 days postinoculation (dpi). two e. chaffeensis-in ...	2008	18429696
serosurvey of pathogens in domestic dogs on the border of noël kempff mercado national park, bolivia.	the threat of disease transmission from domestic animals to wildlife has become recognized as an increasing concern within the wildlife community in recent years. domestic dogs pose a significant risk as reservoirs for infectious diseases, especially for wild canids. as part of a multifaceted ecologic study of maned wolves and other canids in the large, remote noël kempff mercado national park (nkmnp) in northeastern bolivia, 40 domestic dogs in two villages and at two smaller settlements border ...	2008	18432094
validation of an in-clinic enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit for diagnosis of borrelia burgdorferi infection in horses.	confirmation of borrelia burgdorferi infection in horses has required enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) or western blot tests performed by reference laboratories. an in-clinic c6 elisa snap kit has been marketed for dogs. this canine kit was evaluated for horses using serum from experimentally infected ponies. serum samples originated from 2 previous studies. in the first study, 7 ponies were exposed to b. burgdorferi-infected ticks; 4 ponies served as uninfected controls. serum samples ...	2008	18460618
genetic and antigenic diversities of major immunoreactive proteins in globally distributed ehrlichia canis strains.	the extent of knowledge regarding the diversity of globally distributed ehrlichia canis strains has been limited to information gained from a few evolutionarily conserved genes. in this study, e. canis strains from the united states (strain jake [us]), brazil (strain são paulo [br]), and israel (strain 611 [is] and ranana [is-r]) were used to examine the antigenic and genetic diversities of four well-characterized major immunoreactive protein genes/proteins. gp36 and gp200 were the most divergen ...	2008	18480237
molecular detection of tick-borne protozoal and ehrlichial infections in domestic dogs in south africa.	a total of 1,138 blood specimens were collected over a 6-year period (2000-2006) from domestic dogs in south africa. specimens from domestic dogs were obtained from the onderstepoort veterinary academic hospital (ovah) in pretoria, the society for the prevention of cruelty to animals (johannesburg, durban, east london and bloemfontein) and private practices from four provinces (gauteng, mpumalanga, kwazulu-natal and western cape). all specimens were screened for babesia, theileria, hepatozoon an ...	2008	18502588
a quantitative real-time pcr assay for ehrlichia ruminantium using pcs20.	heartwater is a tick borne disease that affects ruminants and wild animals in africa south of the sahara. it is caused by ehrlichia ruminantium and transmitted by the tick amblyomma hebraeum. the protocols currently used to detect heartwater take several days to complete. here, we describe the development of a pcs20 quantitative real-time pcr taqman probe assay to detect e. ruminantium in livestock blood and ticks from the field. the assay is based on the conserved pcs20 gene region of e. rumina ...	2008	18511221
a study of cross-reactivity in serum samples from dogs positive for leishmania sp., babesia canis and ehrlichia canis in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and indirect fluorescent antibody test.	to verify the presence of cross-reaction among leishmaniosis, ehrlichiosis and babesiosis in serological diagnostics used in human visceral leishmaniasis control programs, serum samples from leishmaniasis endemic and non-endemic areas were collected and tested by indirect fluorescent antibody (ifat) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa). all serum samples from endemic areas were positive for leishmania sp., by elisa and ifat, 51% positive for babesia canis and 43% for ehrlichia canis by ...	2008	18554433
factors associated with the occurrence of epistaxis in natural canine leishmaniasis (leishmania infantum).	canine leishmaniasis (canl) is a common cause of epistaxis in dogs residing in endemic areas. the pathogenesis of canl-associated epistaxis has not been fully explored because of the limited number of cases reported so far.	2008	18564224
serological reactivity to ehrlichia canis, anaplasma phagocytophilum, neorickettsia risticii, borrelia burgdorferi and rickettsia conorii in dogs from northwestern spain.	the aim of the present work was to investigate the seroprevalence against ehrlichia canis (ec), anaplasma phagocytophilum (ap), neorickettsia risticii (nr), rickettsia conorii (rc), and borrelia burgdorferi (bb) in two different clusters of canine samples from northwestern spain. cluster 1 included 479 dogs presented at veterinary clinics located in ourense and pontevedra. cluster ii included 170 dogs from the public kennel of ourense. all 649 canine serum samples were analyzed by immunofluoresc ...	2008	18597660
canine infection by rickettsiae and ehrlichiae in southern brazil.	this study evaluated the infection caused by rickettsia and ehrlichia agents among dogs in southern brazil. a total of 389 dogs were tested by the indirect immunofluorescence assay (ifa) for rickettsia rickettsii, rickettsia parkeri, rickettsia amblyommii, rickettsia rhipicephali, rickettsia bellii, and ehrlichia canis. overall, 42.4% (165/389) of the dogs were seroreactive to at least one rickettsia species, but only 11 canine sera reacted with another rickettsia species without reacting with r ...	2008	18606772
a survey for infection with dirofilaria immitis, ehrlichia canis, borrelia burgdorferi, and babesia canis in feral and client-owned dogs in the turks and caicos islands, british west indies.	the frequency of infection with dirofilaria immitis and babesia canis and seropositivity to ehrlichia canis and borrelia burgdorferi in feral and client-owned dogs was determined. feral dogs were 14.8 and 11.2 times more likely to be seropositive to d. immitis and e. canis, respectively, than were client-owned dogs. none of the dogs tested positive for b. burgdorferi or b. canis.	2008	18624070
serum cardiac troponin i concentration in dogs with ehrlichiosis.	ehrlichiosis is a multisystemic disease with the potential to cause cardiomyocyte injury in naturally infected dogs.	2008	18638021
detection of ehrlichia canis by pcr in different tissues obtained during necropsy from dogs surveyed for naturally occurring canine monocytic ehrlichiosis.	a molecular study for the detection of ehrlichia canis was carried out on tissues obtained at necropsy from randomly selected dogs with the intention of investigating naturally-occurring canine ehrlichiosis. the tissues evaluated for the presence of e. canis included lymph nodes, spleen, liver, bone marrow, and blood. eight of the 18 dogs included were found to be positive for e. canis by polymerase chain reaction (pcr) and sequencing of the 16s rrna gene. two dogs were positive for anaplasma pl ...	2008	17368942
digitalis. an update of clinical pharmacokinetics, therapeutic monitoring techniques and treatment recommendations.	the intestinal absorption of digoxin is essentially a passive non-saturable diffusion process, although a saturable carrier-mediated component also plays an important role. the bioavailability varies between 40 and 100%: the presence of food may reduce the peak serum concentration, but does not reduce the amount of digoxin absorbed. recent development of a capsule containing a hydroalcoholic vehicle may reduce interindividual variations in absorption. pharmacokinetic analysis of the distribution ...	2008	3052985
care of pressure sores: a controlled study of the use of a hydrocolloid dressing compared with wet saline gauze compresses.	an occlusive hydrocolloid dressing (comfeel ulcus) was compared with a conventional wet saline gauze dressing regarding the effect on ulcer cleansing and healing processes, experience of pain and the consumption of nursing time, in a controlled, randomized and partially single-blind study with parallel groups of long-stay patients with pressure sores. after a few weeks' treatment the relative decrease in ulcer areas with time was larger in the group treated with the hydrocolloid dressing. the di ...	2008	2694713
[chronic bronchial obstruction and the pathogenesis of emphysema].		2008	3053141
[changes in protein and rna synthesis following acute hindbrain ischemia].	protein and rna synthesis of the brain is affected by focal transient ischemia. protein synthesis is depressed by the depletion of energy metabolism during ischemia, and its recovery following recirculation is slower than restoration of energy metabolism. on the other hand, rna synthesis is more tolerable to ischemia than protein synthesis. present study has designed to evaluate changes of protein and rna synthesis of the brain after ischemia. we used a hindbrain ischemia model of gerbils, and q ...	2008	2446643
biochemical analysis of related, independently arising histocompatibility mutants: bm17 and kb-98 enlarge the "bg series" of h-2kb mutants.	the "bg" series of mhc mutations is the most prevalent type of mutations of kb in c57bl/6 mice screened by reciprocal tail skin grafting. the basis for identification of this series of mutations is the incompatibility of grafts between the parental b6 and the mutant. this series takes the longest to reciprocally reject the skin grafts. the series can be subdivided into "bg 1" and "bg 2" groups based on kb-restricted recognition of virus-infected mutant target cells. the biochemical basis for the ...	2008	2268259
biochemical analysis of related, independently arising histocompatibility mutants: bm17 and kb-98 enlarge the "bg series" of h-2kb mutants.	the "bg" series of mhc mutations is the most prevalent type of mutations of kb in c57bl/6 mice screened by reciprocal tail skin grafting. the basis for identification of this series of mutations is the incompatibility of grafts between the parental b6 and the mutant. this series takes the longest to reciprocally reject the skin grafts. the series can be subdivided into "bg 1" and "bg 2" groups based on kb-restricted recognition of virus-infected mutant target cells. the biochemical basis for the ...	2008	2268259
[characteristics of the functional state of the nervous system of middle-aged persons during anti-orthostatic hypokinesia].	the functional state of the nervous system and its autonomic compartment was investigated in 15 men, aged 40-52 years, during their 30-day exposure to head-down tilt (-8 degrees). group 1 consisted of 9 subjects with early manifestations of cerebral atherosclerosis and group 2 included 6 subjects with cerebral atherosclerosis and arterial hypertension. the control group incorporated 9 healthy volunteers, aged 25-39 years. during adaptation to head-down tilt, middle-aged and young subjects showed ...	2008	2292866
copper(i)-bleomycin: structurally unique complex that mediates oxidative dna strand scission.	copper(i)-bleomycin [cu(i) x blm] was characterized in detail by 13c and 1h nmr. unequivocal chemical shift assignments for cu(i) x blm and cu(i) x blm x co were made by two-dimensional 1h-13c correlated spectroscopy and by utilizing the observation that cu(i) x blm was in rapid equilibrium with cu(i) and metal-free bleomycin, such that individual resonances in the spectra of blm and cu(i) x blm could be correlated. the binding of cu(i) by bleomycin involves the beta-aminoalaninamide and pyrimid ...	2008	2581602
[pain in the trochanteric region caused by tunnel compression of the lateral cutaneous perforating branch of the ilio-hypogastric nerve. indications for neurolysis].	after consideration of anatomical and clinical studies, the authors describe a new tunnel syndrome involving the lateral cutaneous branch of the iliohypogastric nerve as it emerges above the iliac crest. irritation of the strangulated nerve produces pain over the lateral aspect of the hip. in 7 cases where local infiltration failed, neurolysis was carried out and produced excellent results in 5 patients, thus confirming the pathophysiology of this syndrome.	2008	2612275
[pain in the trochanteric region caused by tunnel compression of the lateral cutaneous perforating branch of the ilio-hypogastric nerve. indications for neurolysis].	after consideration of anatomical and clinical studies, the authors describe a new tunnel syndrome involving the lateral cutaneous branch of the iliohypogastric nerve as it emerges above the iliac crest. irritation of the strangulated nerve produces pain over the lateral aspect of the hip. in 7 cases where local infiltration failed, neurolysis was carried out and produced excellent results in 5 patients, thus confirming the pathophysiology of this syndrome.	2008	2612275
[drug-induced cardiovascular complications].	many drugs, including those prescribed in cardiology, can induce adverse cardiovascular side effects. most of the anti-arrhythmia drugs have a negative inotropic action and proarrhythmic effects. estroprogestative contraceptive drugs favor thromboembolitic events and increase the incidence of hypertension. due to the risk of coronary insufficiency, substitutive hormonotherapy in hypothyroidism must be introduced gradually. tricyclic anti-depressive drugs and neuroleptics can induce orthostatic h ...	2008	2610453
diagnosis of peripheral androgen insensitivity in a male infant excretion analysis.	the hypothesis of peripheral androgen insensitivity (ais) was examined in a boy with congenital growth hormone deficiency associated with micropenis and cryptorchidism by steroid excretion analyses compared with dihydrotestosterone (dht) receptor analyses of foreskin biopsy homogenate. urinary t metabolite 3 alpha,17 beta-dihydroxy-5 beta-androstane (3 beta-diol) was below the limit of detection (capillary gas chromatography) at age 1 year, but on several occasions (n = 7) normal basal values we ...	2008	2568823
self-screening of blood pressure and sodium in a 24-hour urine sample as part of a school health programme.	a study was conducted to determine the usefulness of self-screening of blood pressure in families as part of a school health care programme, and to study the relationship between bp and sodium excretion in school children. in 750 families with 10-13 year old children, the mothers were instructed to take bp measurements on themselves, their child and the father whilst at home. a comparison of the children's bp measurements at home and at school with those of the parents showed the home measuremen ...	2008	2258868
[the respiratory tract and air pollution].		2008	3053144
long-term results of prosthetic therapy in adult cleft lip alveolus and palate patients.	in the framework of the complex rehabilitation of cleft lip and palate patients the final phase of the dental therapy is attained with the definitive prosthetic treatment. this study comprises 148 prosthetically treated patients in the period 1973 to 1986. the results show that there are good preconditions for an undisturbed professional and social development of the cleft lip and palate patients through intensive dental care.	2008	2691535
use of the megasoft bandage lens for treatment of complications after trabeculectomy.	shallow anterior chambers and leaking filtration blebs are possible complications after trabeculectomy that can be treated with therapeutic contact lenses. in most cases, however, treatment fails because these lenses are not large enough to cover the filtering bleb. we evaluated the use of a newly developed large diameter (20.5 mm) therapeutic soft contact lens. five patients with shallow anterior chambers and ten patients with leaking filtering blebs after trabeculectomy were fitted with this n ...	2008	2396651
transient palsy of hip abductors after a fall on the buttocks.	a fall on the buttocks caused monolateral transient palsy of the hip abductors in two patients. palsy could be ascribed to acute entrapment of the superior gluteal nerve between the piriformis muscle and the incisura ischiadica major.	2008	2346715
comparison between different polymerase chain reaction methods for the diagnosis of ehrlichia canis infection.	the aim of this study was to compare different polymerase chain reaction (pcr) methods for the detection of ehrlichia canis in blood samples and to relate these results to clinical findings and serology to e. canis using the indirect fluorescent antibody (ifa) test. nine seropositive and nine seronegative dogs were included in this study. dna was extracted once and used in one simple pcr and five nested pcr protocols previously described. in selected dogs (three seropositive and one seronegative ...	2008	19120188