Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
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| sensitive detection of porphyromonas gingivalis based on magnetic capture and upconversion fluorescent identification with multifunctional nanospheres. | a specific and sensitive detection system was designed to detect porphyromonas gingivalis, a major periodontal pathogen, in mixed bacterial fluids. this new detection system was based on the use of fluorescent and magnetic encoding nanospheres that were conjugated with monoclonal antibodies specific to p. gingivalis, thus enabling rapid detection of the target bacterium. this strategy simplifies the detection process and improves the sensitivity compared with conventional methods, with a detecti ... | 2016 | 27334431 |
| human β-defensin 3 suppresses porphyromonas gingivalis lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation in raw 264.7 cells and aortas of apoe-deficient mice. | human beta-defensin 3 (hbd3) is an antimicrobial peptide showing immunomodulatory effect on both innate and acquired immune response. atherosclerosis is an inflammatory disease characterized by accumulation of lipids in the vascular wall. in this study, we evaluated whether hbd3 could attenuate the atherosclerosis development accelerated by porphyromonas gingivalis lipopolysaccharide (pg-lps) with apolipoprotein e-deficient (apoe(-/-)) mice. we observed that, in vivo, hbd3 inhibited serum mcp-1, ... | 2016 | 27298203 |
| pai-2/serpinb2 inhibits proteolytic activity in a p. gingivalis-dominated multispecies bacterial consortium. | the aim of this study was to investigate the ability of the serine protease inhibitor plasminogen activator inhibitor type 2 (pai-2/serpin b2) to inhibit proteases produced by a multispecies bacterial consortium in vitro. | 2016 | 27295389 |
| human β-defensin-3 alleviates the progression of atherosclerosis accelerated by porphyromonas gingivalis lipopolysaccharide. | porphyromonas gingivalis (p.gingivalis) lipopolysaccharide (lps) is reported to be associated with the progression of atherosclerosis (as). in this study, we explored the potential of human β-defensin-3 (hbd3), an antimicrobial peptide with immunomodulatory properties, to alleviate as progression accelerated by p.gingivalis lps and the mechanism underlying this effect. | 2016 | 27289299 |
| [qualitative analysis of bis-(3'-5')-cyclic dimeric adenosine monophosphate of porphyromonas gingivalis by high performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry]. | to test whether porphyromonas gingivalis (p. gingivalis) could produce bacterial signal molecule, bis-(3'-5')-cyclic dimeric adenosine monophosphate (c-di-amp) and lay the foundation for explorations of its roles in life metabolism and periodontitis immunity of p. gingivalis. | 2016 | 27526459 |
| the anti-bacterial activity of titanium-copper sintered alloy against porphyromonas gingivalis in vitro. | this study investigates the anti-bacterial property of ti-cu sintered alloys against porphyromonas gingivalis. the anti-anaerobic property of ti-cu sintered alloys against p. gingivalis was investigated by antibacterial activity test, dna measurement, dapi staining and morphology observation. the antibacterial rates of the ti-5cu against p. gingivalis after 18 and 24 h incubation were 36.04 and 54.39%, and those of ti-10cu were 68.69 and 75.39%, which were lower than their anti-aerobic abilities ... | 2016 | 27477233 |
| metabonomic profiles reveal dose-dependent effects of bu-shen-gu-chi-wan on the serum in experimental periodontitis of rat model. | bu-shen-gu-chi-wan is a chinese patent medicine for the treatment of chronic periodontitis. it has an anti-inflammatory function in experimental periodontitis and can improve alveolar bone remodeling. | 2016 | 27475973 |
| porphyromonas gingivalis increases the invasiveness of oral cancer cells by upregulating il-8 and mmps. | recent studies indicate that chronic inflammation promotes the aggressiveness of cancers. however, the direct molecular mechanisms underlying a functional link between chronic periodontitis, the most common form of oral inflammatory diseases, and the malignancy of oral cancer remain unknown. to elucidate the role of chronic periodontitis in progression of oral cancer, we examined the effect of porphyromonas gingivalis (p. gingivalis), a major pathogen that causes chronic periodontitis, on the in ... | 2016 | 27468958 |
| assessment of outer membrane vesicles of periodontopathic bacterium porphyromonas gingivalis as possible mucosal immunogen. | periodontitis is the most prevalent infectious disease and related to oral and systemic health, therefore novel prophylaxis to prevent the disease is highly desirable. here, we assessed the outer membrane vesicles (omvs) of a keystone periodontal pathogen, porphyromonas gingivalis, as a candidate mucosal immunogen and adjuvant for a periodontitis vaccine. the structural and functional stability of omvs, demonstrated by proteinase k resistance and ability to withstand long-term storage, are consi ... | 2016 | 27461458 |
| assessment of the antibacterial, cytotoxic and mutagenic potential of the phenolic-rich hydroalcoholic extract from copaifera trapezifolia hayne leaves. | copaifera trapezifolia hayne occurs in the atlantic rainforest, which is considered one of the most important and endangered tropical forests on the planet. although literature works have described many copaifera spp., their biological activities remain little known. in the present study, we aimed to evaluate (1) the potential of the hydroalcoholic extract from c. trapezifolia leaves (cte) to act against the causative agents of tooth decay and apical periodontitis and (2) the cytotoxicity and mu ... | 2016 | 27452156 |
| the impact of smoking on levels of chronic periodontitis-associated biomarkers. | to investigate the effect of smoking on the expression levels of matrix metalloproteinase (mmp)-1, mmp-9, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (timp-1), and the concentrations of tnf-α and il-10 in patients with chronic periodontitis (chp). | 2016 | 27450647 |
| role of mfa5 in expression of mfa1 fimbriae in porphyromonas gingivalis. | fimbriae are protein-based filamentous appendages that protrude from the bacterial cell surface and facilitate host adhesion. two types of fimbriae, fima and mfa1, of the periodontal pathogen porphyromonas gingivalis are responsible for adherence to other bacteria and to host cells in the oral cavity. both fimbrial forms are composed of 5 proteins, but there is limited information about their polymerization mechanisms. here, the authors evaluated the function of mfa5, one of the mfa1 fimbrial ac ... | 2016 | 27323953 |
| head and neck intensity modulated radiation therapy leads to an increase of opportunistic oral pathogens. | the introduction of intensity modulated radiation therapy (imrt) has led to new possibilities in the treatment of head and neck cancer (hnc). limited information is available on how this more advanced radiation technique affects the oral microflora. in a prospective study we assessed the effects of various advanced treatments for hnc on the oral microflora, as well as the effects of elimination of oral foci of infection. | 2016 | 27311400 |
| manipulation of necroptosis by porphyromonas gingivalis in periodontitis development. | to eliminate invading pathogens and keep homeostasis, host employs multiple approaches such as the non-inflammation associated-apoptosis, inflammation associated-necroptosis and pyroptosis, etc. necroptosis is known as a highly pro-inflammatory form of cell death due to the release of massive damage-associated molecular patterns (damps). for the first time, we reported that porphyromonas gingivalis induced cellular necroptosis through receptor-interacting protein 1 (rip1)/rip3/mixed lineage kina ... | 2016 | 27449906 |
| modulation of stromal cell-derived factor 1 alpha (sdf-1α) and its receptor cxcr4 in porphyromonas gingivalis-induced periodontal inflammation. | the production of chemokines by tissue resident cells during inflammation is considered one of the main mechanisms involved in the formation of inflammatory infiltrates. fibroblasts are the main resident cell type in gingival and periodontal ligament tissues, and their ability to produce chemokine stromal cell-derived factor 1 alpha (sdf-1α) and its receptor cxcr4 under stimulation by gram negative bacteria, porphyromonas gingivalis, commonly found in periodontal infections was investigated. | 2016 | 27449062 |
| mucosal langerhans cells promote differentiation of th17 cells in a murine model of periodontitis but are not required for porphyromonas gingivalis-driven alveolar bone destruction. | periodontitis is a chronic oral inflammatory disease affecting one in five individuals that can lead to tooth loss. cd4(+) th cells activated by a microbial biofilm are thought to contribute to the destruction of alveolar bone surrounding teeth by influencing osteoclastogenesis through il-17a and receptor activator for nf-κb ligand effects. the relative roles of mucosal ag presentation cells in directing th cell immune responses against oral pathogens and their contribution to destruction of alv ... | 2016 | 27402698 |
| effects of bio-oss® and cerasorb(®) dental m on the expression of bone-remodeling mediators in human monocytes. | in contribution to diverse techniques of bone reconstruction involving biomaterials in contemporary dentistry, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of the bone-grafting materials bio-oss(®) and cerasorb(®) dental m on the expression of cytokines associated with bone remodeling by human monocytes in vitro. bio-oss(®) and cerasorb(®) dental m were incubated in separate culture media, and their supernatants were added to mononuclear cells of human peripheral blood, some of which had been stimula ... | 2016 | 27401453 |
| lysine-specific proteolytic activity responsible for forsythia detaching factor modification. | the objective of the present study was to clarify the lysine-specific proteolytic activity derived from periodontal pathogens responsible for forsythia detaching factor (fdf) modification. | 2016 | 27399273 |
| actin and dna protect histones from degradation by bacterial proteases but inhibit their antimicrobial activity. | histones are small polycationic proteins located in the cell nucleus. together, dna and histones are integral constituents of the nucleosomes. upon apoptosis, necrosis, and infection - induced cell death, histones are released from the cell. the extracellular histones have strong antimicrobial activity but are also cytotoxic and thought as mediators of cell death in sepsis. the antimicrobial activity of the cationic extracellular histones is inhibited by the polyanionic dna and f-actin, which al ... | 2016 | 27555840 |
| structural insights into the pork and porn components of the porphyromonas gingivalis type ix secretion system. | the type ix secretion system (t9ss) has been recently discovered and is specific to bacteroidetes species. porphyromonas gingivalis, a keystone pathogen for periodontitis, utilizes the t9ss to transport many proteins including the gingipain virulence factors across the outer membrane and attach them to the cell surface via a sortase-like mechanism. at least 11 proteins have been identified as components of the t9ss including pork, porl, porm, porn and porp, however the precise roles of most of t ... | 2016 | 27509186 |
| detection of porphyromonas gingivalis fima type i genotype in gingivitis by real-time pcr-a pilot study. | published literature till date reveals a high prevalence of porphyromonas gingivalis fima type i genotype among healthy subjects. quite a few studies have reported its prevalence also in periodontitis patients. nevertheless incidence of this genotype in gingivitis is lacking in adult population. | 2016 | 27504406 |
| 2,3,5,4'-tetrahydroxystilbene-2-o-β-glucoside isolated from polygoni multiflori ameliorates the development of periodontitis. | periodontitis, a chronic infection by periodontopathic bacteria, induces uncontrolled inflammation, which leads to periodontal tissue destruction. 2,3,5,4'-tetrahydroxystilbene-2-o-beta-glucoside (thsg), a polyphenol extracted from polygoni multiflori, reportedly has anti-inflammatory properties. in this study, we investigated the mechanisms of thsg on the porphyromonas gingivalis-induced inflammatory responses in human gingival fibroblasts and animal modeling of ligature-induced periodontitis. ... | 2016 | 27504055 |
| structure-function aspects of the porphyromonas gingivalis tyrosine kinase ptk1. | the development of synergistically pathogenic communities of porphyromonas gingivalis and streptococcus gordonii is controlled by a tyrosine-phosphorylation-dependent signaling pathway in p. gingivalis. the ptk1 bacterial tyrosine (by) kinase of p. gingivalis is required for maximal community development and for the production of extracellular polysaccharide. we show that the consensus by kinase walker a and b domains, the rk cluster, and the yc domain of ptk1 are necessary for autophosphorylati ... | 2016 | 27498608 |
| alveolar bone loss in relation to toll-like receptor 4 and 9 genotypes and porphyromonas gingivalis carriage. | toll-like receptors (tlrs) are highly developed sensors to detect microbe-associated molecular patterns. functional polymorphisms of the genes tlr4 and tlr9 were found to be associated with alveolar bone loss in a porphyromonas gingivalis-induced periodontitis model in mice. our aim was to examine whether such an association can be detected in a group of finnish adults. polymorphisms of tlr4 asp299gly (rs4986790) and tlr9 rs187084 (1486 t/c) were genotyped by pyrosequencing and pcr from the sali ... | 2016 | 27492306 |
| platelet aggregation promoted by biofilms of oral bacteria and the effect of mouth rinses in vitro. | the purpose of this study was to observe platelet aggregation promoted by biofilms of streptococcus sanguinis and porphyromonas gingivalis and to evaluate the effect of two different mouth rinses on this process. | 2016 | 27482801 |
| antimicrobial activity against porphyromonas gingivalis and mechanism of action of the cationic octadecapeptide amyi-1-18 and its amino acid-substituted analogs. | the antimicrobial peptide amyi-1-18 is a cationic α-helical octadecapeptide derived from α-amylase in rice (oryza sativa l. japonica) that contains four cationic amino acid residues (two arginines and two lysines). to enhance the antibacterial activity of amyi-1-18 against porphyromonas gingivalis (a bacterium associated with periodontal disease), we synthesized 12 analogs bearing substitutions with alanine, leucine, and/or arginine that were designed based on helical wheel projections and inves ... | 2016 | 27478151 |
| periodontitis contributes to adipose tissue inflammation through the nf-<kappa>b, jnk and erk pathways to promote insulin resistance in a rat model. | this study aimed to investigate the mechanism by which periodontitis affects the inflammatory response and systemic insulin resistance in the white adipose and liver tissues in an obese rat model. the obese model was generated by feeding rats a high fat diet. the periodontitis model was induced by ligatures and injection of "red complex", which consisted of porphyromonas gingivalis, treponema denticola, and tannerella forsythia, for two weeks. when compared with rats without periodontitis, fasti ... | 2016 | 27565999 |
| antibacterial effects of lactobacillus and bacteriocin plnc8 αβ on the periodontal pathogen porphyromonas gingivalis. | the complications in healthcare systems associated with antibiotic-resistant microorganisms have resulted in an intense search for new effective antimicrobials. attractive substances from which novel antibiotics may be developed are the bacteriocins. these naturally occurring peptides are generally considered to be safe and efficient at eliminating pathogenic bacteria. among specific keystone pathogens in periodontitis, porphyromonas gingivalis is considered to be the most important pathogen in ... | 2016 | 27538539 |
| effects of porphyromonas gingivalis lipopolysaccharidetolerized monocytes on inflammatory responses in neutrophils. | periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease induced by bacteria. exposure of the host to periodontal pathogens and their virulence factors induces a state of hyporesponsiveness to subsequent stimulations, which is termed endotoxin tolerance. the role and mechanism of lipopolysaccharide (lps)-tolerized monocytes in inflammatory responses in neutrophils are currently unclear. here, conditioned supernatants were collected from thp-1 cells treated with or without repeated 1 μg/ml porphyromonas g ... | 2016 | 27536946 |
| effects of sub-lethal doses of photo-activated disinfection against porphyromonas gingivalis for pharmaceutical treatment of periodontal-endodontic lesions. | microorganisms treated by photo-activated disinfection (pad) in combined periodontal-endodontic (perio-endo) lesions would be exposed to sub-lethal doses of pad (spad). this study evaluated the effect of spad using toluidine blue o (tbo) in combination with diode laser irradiation on the growth and biofilm-formation ability of porphyromonas gingivalis as an endo-periodontal pathogen. | 2016 | 27594670 |
| mitochondrial reactive oxygen species mediate the lipopolysaccharide-induced pro-inflammatory response in human gingival fibroblasts. | although periodontal diseases are initiated by bacteria that colonize the tooth surface and gingival sulcus, the host response is believed to play an essential role in the breakdown of connective tissue and bone. mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtros) have been proposed to regulate the activation of the inflammatory response by the innate immune system. however, the role of mtros in modulating the response of human gingival fibroblasts (hgfs) to immune stimulation by lipopolysaccharides ( ... | 2016 | 27515000 |
| [effect of three surface modification techniques of pure titanium on bacteria adhesion and ultrasonic cleaning efficacy]. | to evaluate the bacteria adhesion behavior and ultrasonic cleaning efficacy on pure titanium modified with 3 different techiques. | 2016 | 27511042 |
| two new limonoids isolated from the fuits of melia toosendan. | in the present study, two new limonoids, 1α, 7α-dihydroxyl-3α-acetoxyl-12α-ethoxylnimbolinin (1) and 1α-tigloyloxy-3α-acetoxyl-7α-hydroxyl-12β-ethoxylnimbolinin (2), together with other four known limonoids (3-6), were isolated from the fruits of melia toosendan. their structures were elucidated by means of extensive spectroscopic analyses (nmr and esi-ms) and comparisons with the data reported in the literature. the isolated compounds were evaluated for their antibacterial activities. compound ... | 2016 | 27667515 |
| correction: effects of porphyromonas gingivalis lipopolysaccharidetolerized monocytes on inflammatory responses in neutrophils. | [this corrects the article doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0161482.]. | 2016 | 27768765 |
| porphyromonas gingivalis induces il-8 and ifn-gamma secretion and apoptosis in human extravillous trophoblast derived htr8/svneo cells via activation of erk1/2 and p38 signaling pathways. | preterm birth is a major cause for infant mortality and morbidity. a large number of studies have suggested a link between periodontal disease and preterm birth. the purpose of this study was to investigate the interaction between a periodontopathic bacterium porphyromonas gingivalis and human extravillous trophoblast derived htr8/svneo cells. | 2016 | 27577704 |
| brazilian propolis mitigates impaired glucose and lipid metabolism in experimental periodontitis in mice. | periodontitis has been implicated as a risk factor for metabolic disorders associated with insulin resistance. recently, we have demonstrated that orally administered porphyromonas gingivalis, a representative periodontopathic bacterium, induces endotoxemia via reduced gut barrier function coupled with changes in gut microbiota composition, resulting in systemic inflammation and insulin resistance. propolis, a resinous substance collected by honeybees from leaf buds and cracks in the bark of var ... | 2016 | 27576340 |
| identification and characterization of a haem biosynthesis locus in veillonella. | haemin/haem is one of the essential nutrients required by periodontopathogens such as porphyromonas gingivalis to grow in vitro. in the oral cavity, this nutrient is believed to be provided by the crevicular fluid, a serum-like exudate produced during gum inflammation. however, p. gingivalis is also present in the healthy dental biofilm where inflammation is absent. this study was designed to answer the question: what organism(s) in the healthy dental biofilm provides haemin/haem to those period ... | 2016 | 27566661 |
| the microbiome: a revolution in treatment for rheumatic diseases? | the microbiome is the term that describes the microbial ecosystem that cohabits an organism such as humans. the microbiome has been implicated in a long list of immune-mediated diseases which include rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, and even gout. the mechanisms to account for this effect are multiple. the clinical implications from observations on the microbiome and disease are broad. | 2016 | 27641915 |
| evaluation of photo-activated disinfection effectiveness with methylene blue against porphyromonas gingivalis involved in endodontic infection: an in vitro study. | eradication or suppression of microbial pathogens is a major goal in endodontic infection therapy. sub-lethal doses of photo-activated disinfection (spad) as a new treatment method might be able to control the microorganisms involved in endodontic infections normally treated with pad. this study evaluated the effect of spad using methylene blue (mb) in combination with diode laser irradiation on the growth and biofilm formation ability of porphyromonas gingivalis as an endodontic pathogen. | 2016 | 27640114 |
| porphyromonas gingivalis-mediated signaling through tlr4 mediates persistent hiv infection of primary macrophages. | periodontal infections contribute to hiv-associated co-morbidities in the oral cavity and provide a model to interrogate the dysregulation of macrophage function, inflammatory disease progression, and hiv replication during co-infections. we investigated the effect of porphyromonas gingivalis on the establishment of hiv infection in monocyte-derived macrophages. hiv replication in macrophages was significantly repressed in the presence of p. gingivalis. this diminished viral replication was due ... | 2016 | 27639573 |
| the porx response regulator of the porphyromonas gingivalis porxy two-component system does not directly regulate the type ix secretion genes but binds the porl subunit. | the type ix secretion system (t9ss) is a versatile multi-protein complex restricted to bacteria of the bacteriodetes phylum and responsible for the secretion or cell surface exposition of diverse proteins that participate to s-layer formation, gliding motility or pathogenesis. the t9ss is poorly characterized but a number of proteins involved in the assembly of the secretion apparatus in the oral pathogen porphyromonas gingivalis have been identified based on genome substractive analyses. among ... | 2016 | 27630829 |
| healthy and inflamed gingival fibroblasts differ in their inflammatory response to porphyromonas gingivalis lipopolysaccharide. | porphyromonas gingivalis (p. gingivalis) lipopolysaccharide (lps) can induce the host immune response in periodontitis patients. human gingival fibroblasts (gfs) play an important role in regulating the host immune response in periodontitis. however, whether gfs isolated from healthy subjects (hgfs) and inflamed ones (igfs) can modulate different inflammatory response remains problematic. the aim of this study was to investigate the expression of different inflammatory cytokines between hgfs and ... | 2016 | 27525424 |
| antibacterial effect of copper-bearing titanium alloy (ti-cu) against streptococcus mutans and porphyromonas gingivalis. | formation of bacterial biofilms on dental implant material surfaces (titanium) may lead to the development of peri-implant diseases influencing the long term success of dental implants. in this study, a novel cu-bearing titanium alloy (ti-cu) was designed and fabricated in order to efficiently kill bacteria and discourage formation of biofilms, and then inhibit bacterial infection and prevent implant failure, in comparison with pure ti. results from biofilm based gene expression studies, biofilm ... | 2016 | 27457788 |
| porphyromonas loveana sp. nov., isolated from the oral cavity of australian marsupials. | an obligatory anaerobic, gram-stain-negative coccobacillus with black-pigmented colonies was isolated from the oral cavity of selected australian marsupial species. phenotypic and molecular criteria showed that this bacterium was a distinct species within the genus porphyromonas, and was closely related to porphyromonas gingivalis and porphyromonas gulae. this putative novel species and p. gulae could be differentiated from p. gingivalis by catalase activity. further characterization by multi-lo ... | 2016 | 27515974 |
| cathepsin b regulates collagen expression by fibroblasts via prolonging tlr2/nf-κb activation. | fibroblasts are essential for tissue repair due to producing collagens, and lysosomal proteinase cathepsin b (catb) is involved in promoting chronic inflammation. we herein report that catb regulates the expression of collagens iii and iv by fibroblasts in response to a tlr2 agonist, lipopolysaccharide from porphyromonas gingivalis (p.g. lps). in cultured human bj fibroblasts, mrna expression of catb was significantly increased, while that of collagens iii and iv was significantly decreased at 2 ... | 2016 | 27648120 |
| 1,2,3-triazole-based inhibitors of porphyromonas gingivalis adherence to oral streptococci and biofilm formation. | the development and use of small-molecule inhibitors of the adherence of porphyromonas gingivalis to oral streptococci represents a potential therapy for the treatment of periodontal disease as these organisms work in tandem to colonize the oral cavity. earlier work from these laboratories demonstrated that a small synthetic peptide was an effective inhibitor of the interaction between p. gingivalis and streptococcus gordonii and that a small-molecule peptidomimetic would provide a more stable, ... | 2016 | 27647373 |
| magnolia officinalis l. fortified gum improves resistance of oral epithelial cells against inflammation. | inflammatory diseases of the periodontal tissues are known health problems worldwide. therefore, anti-inflammatory active compounds are used in oral care products to reduce long-term inflammation. in addition to inducing inflammation, pathogen attack leads to an increased production of reactive oxygen species (ros), which may lead to oxidative damage of macromolecules. magnolia officinalis l. bark extract (mbe) has been shown to possess antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential in vitro. in th ... | 2016 | 27627917 |
| concentration of antibodies against porphyromonas gingivalis is increased before the onset of symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis. | the periodontal pathogen porphyromonas gingivalis is hypothesized to be important in rheumatoid arthritis (ra) aetiology by inducing production of anti-citrullinated protein antibodies (acpa). we have shown that acpa precede ra onset by years, and that anti-p. gingivalis antibody levels are elevated in ra patients. the aim of this study was to investigate whether anti-p. gingivalis antibodies pre-date symptom onset and acpa production. | 2016 | 27605245 |
| rapid identification and quantitation for oral bacteria based on short-end capillary electrophoresis. | high-speed capillary electrophoresis (hsce) is a promising technology applied in ultra-rapid and high-performance analysis of biomolecules (such as nucleic acids, protein). in present study, the short-end capillary electrophoresis coupled with one novel space domain internal standard method (sdis) was employed for the rapid and simultaneous analysis of specific genes from three oral bacteria (porphyromonas gingivalis (p.g), treponema denticola (t.d) and tannerela forsythia (t.f)). the reliabilit ... | 2016 | 27591633 |
| three/four-dimensional (3d/4d) microscopic imaging and processing in clinical dental research. | confocal laser scanning microscope (clsm) has been widely employed in our laboratory for structural and functional analysis of clinical dental specimens and live cell imaging of cultured oral epithelial cells. | 2016 | 27586147 |
| doxycycline hyclate-loaded bleached shellac in situ forming microparticle for intraperiodontal pocket local delivery. | bleached shellac (bs) is a water-insoluble polyester resin made up of sesquiterpenoid acids esterified with hydroxy aliphatic acids. in this study, bs dissolved in n-methyl pyrrolidone (nmp), dimethyl sulfoxide (dmso) and 2-pyrrolidone was used as the internal phase of oil in oil emulsion using olive oil emulsified with glyceryl monostearate (gms) as the external phase of in situ forming microparticles (ism). doxycycline hyclate (dh)-loaded bs isms were tested for emulsion stability, viscosity, ... | 2016 | 27552903 |
| black tea theaflavins attenuate porphyromonas gingivalis virulence properties, modulate gingival keratinocyte tight junction integrity and exert anti-inflammatory activity. | over the last 10 years, bioactive plant food compounds have received considerable attention in regard to their beneficial effects against periodontal disease. in this study, we investigated the effects of black tea theaflavins (tfs) on the virulence properties of porphyromonas gingivalis and gingival keratinocyte tight junction integrity. in addition, the effects of black tea tfs on the nuclear factor-κb (nf-κb) signaling pathway and proinflammatory cytokine/matrix metalloproteinase (mmp) secret ... | 2016 | 27549582 |
| role of epigenetics in modulation of immune response at the junction of host-pathogen interaction and danger molecule signaling. | epigenetic mechanisms have rapidly and controversially emerged as silent modulators of host defenses that can lead to a more prominent immune response and shape the course of inflammation in the host. thus, the epigenetics can both drive the production of specific inflammatory mediators and control the magnitude of the host response. the epigenetic actions that are predominantly shown to modulate the host defense against microbial pathogens are dna methylation, histone modification and the activ ... | 2016 | 27542389 |
| lipopolysaccharide and il-1β coordinate a synergy on cytokine production by upregulating myd88 expression in human gingival fibroblasts. | both lipopolysaccharide (lps) and interleukin (il)-1β activate the myd88-dependent signaling pathways to stimulate proinflammatory cytokine expression. however, it remains unknown how lps and il-1β interact with each other to coordinate the stimulation. in this study, we sought to investigate the interaction between lps and il-1β on myd88-dependent signaling pathways in human gingival fibroblasts (hgfs). results showed that lps derived from porphyromonas gingivalis (pg lps) and il-1β cooperative ... | 2016 | 27697591 |
| effects of porphyromonas gingivalis lipopolysaccharide on the expression of key genes involved in cholesterol metabolism in macrophages. | cardiovascular diseases are positively correlated with periodontal disease. however, the molecular mechanisms linking atherosclerosis and periodontal infection are not clear. this study aimed to determine whether porphyromonas gingivalis lipopolysaccharide (pg-lps) altered the expression of genes regulating cholesterol metabolism in macrophages in the presence of low-density lipoprotein (ldl). | 2016 | 27695485 |
| melatonin receptor agonists as the "perioceutics" agents for periodontal disease through modulation of porphyromonas gingivalis virulence and inflammatory response. | "perioceutics" including antimicrobial therapy and host modulatory therapy has emerged as a vital adjunctive treatment of periodontal disease. melatonin level was significantly reduced in patients with periodontal diseases suggesting melatonin could be applied as a potential "perioceutics" treatment of periodontal diseases. this study aims to investigate the effects of melatonin receptor agonists (melatonin and ramelteon) on porphyromonas gingivalis virulence and porphyromonas gingivalis-derived ... | 2016 | 27832188 |
| evaluation of efficacy of probiotic (bifilac) on porphyromonas gingivalis: in vitro study. | periodontitis is inflammation of the periodontium and causes destruction of the connective tissue attachment of the teeth and alveolar bone. porphyromonas gingivalis is the primary pathogen for the destructive periodontal diseases. the aim of the study is to evaluate the efficacy of probiotic on p. gingivalis. | 2016 | 27829746 |
| characterization of innate immune responses of human endothelial cells induced by porphyromonas gingivalis and their derived outer membrane vesicles. | atherosclerosis, a chronic inflammatory disease of the blood vessels, is one of the most common causes of morbidity and mortality world-wide. involvement of porphyromonas gingivalis in atherosclerosis is supported by observations from epidemiological, clinical, immunological, and molecular studies. previously we reported that p. gingivalis vesicles have a much higher invasive efficiency than their originating cells. here, we further compare the role of p. gingivalis cells and their vesicles in e ... | 2016 | 27826542 |
| extracellular proteome and citrullinome of the oral pathogen porphyromonas gingivalis. | porphyromonas gingivalis is an oral pathogen associated with the inflammatory disease periodontitis. periodontitis and p. gingivalis have been associated with rheumatoid arthritis. one of the hallmarks of rheumatoid arthritis is the loss of tolerance against citrullinated proteins. citrullination is a post-translational modification of arginine residues, leading to a change in structure and function of the respective protein. this modification, which is catalyzed by peptidylarginine deiminases ( ... | 2016 | 27712078 |
| microbial degradation of cellular kinases impairs innate immune signaling and paracrine tnfα responses. | the nfκb and mapk signaling pathways are critical components of innate immunity that orchestrate appropriate immune responses to control and eradicate pathogens. their activation results in the induction of proinflammatory mediators, such as tnfα a potent bioactive molecule commonly secreted by recruited inflammatory cells, allowing for paracrine signaling at the site of an infection. in this study we identified a novel mechanism by which the opportunistic pathogen porphyromonas gingivalis dampe ... | 2016 | 27698456 |
| gingipain-dependent augmentation by porphyromonas gingivalis of phagocytosis of tannerella forsythia. | in the pathogenesis of periodontitis, porphyromonas gingivalis plays a role as a keystone pathogen that manipulates host immune responses leading to dysbiotic oral microbial communities. arg-gingipains (rgpa and rgpb) and lys-gingipain (kgp) are responsible for the majority of bacterial proteolytic activity and play essential roles in bacterial virulence. therefore, gingipains are often considered as therapeutic targets. this study investigated the role of gingipains in the modulation by p. ging ... | 2016 | 26434368 |
| platelet activation and platelet-leukocyte interaction in generalized aggressive periodontitis. | generalized aggressive periodontitis (gagp) is an inflammatory disease of host response to bacterial challenge. to explore the role of platelets in host-microbial interactions in patients with periodontitis, 124 patients with gagp and 57 healthy subjects were enrolled. reliable indicators of subclinical platelet functional status, platelet count (plt), platelet large cell ratio (plcr), and mean platelet volume (mpv), were significantly lower in the gagp group than in the control group and were n ... | 2016 | 27334227 |
| purinergic signaling during porphyromonas gingivalis infection. | despite recent advances unraveling mechanisms of host-pathogen interactions in innate immunity, the participation of purinergic signaling in infection-driven inflammation remains an emerging research field with many unanswered questions. as one of the most-studied oral pathogens, porphyromonas gingivalis is considered as a keystone pathogen with a central role in development of periodontal disease. this pathogen needs to evade immune-mediated defense mechanisms and tolerate inflammation in order ... | 2016 | 27793267 |
| antimicrobial efficacy of various essential oils at varying concentrations against periopathogen porphyromonas gingivalis. | porphyromonas gingivalis (p.gingivalis) is a notorious perio-pathogen with the ability to evade host defense mechanism and invade into the periodontal tissues. many antimicrobial agents have been tested that curb its growth, although these agents tend to produce side effects such as antibiotic resistance and opportunistic infections. therefore search for naturally occurring anti-microbials with lesser side effects is the need of the hour. | 2016 | 27790572 |
| separation of novel phosphoproteins of porphyromonas gingivalis using phosphate-affinity chromatography. | phosphorylation of serine, threonine and tyrosine is a central mechanism for regulating the structure and function of proteins in both eukaryotes and prokaryotes. however, the action of phosphorylated proteins present in porphyromonas gingivalis, a major periodontopathogen, is not fully understood. here, six novel phosphoproteins that possess metabolic activities were identified, namely pgn_0004, pgn_0375, pgn_0500, pgn_0724, pgn_0733 and pgn_0880, having been separated by phosphate-affinity chr ... | 2016 | 27663267 |
| bee venom inhibits porphyromonas gingivalis lipopolysaccharides-induced pro-inflammatory cytokines through suppression of nf-κb and ap-1 signaling pathways. | periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease that leads to destruction of tooth supporting tissues. porphyromonas gingivalis (p. gingivalis), especially its lipopolysaccharides (lps), is one of major pathogens that cause periodontitis. bee venom (bv) has been widely used as a traditional medicine for various diseases. previous studies have demonstrated the anti-inflammatory, anti-bacterial effects of bv. however, a direct role and cellular mechanism of bv on periodontitis-like human keratinoc ... | 2016 | 27834922 |
| comparison of experimental diabetic periodontitis induced by porphyromonas gingivalis in mice. | periodontitis is one of the severe complications in diabetic patients and gingival epithelium plays an initial role on the onset and progression of this disease. however the potential mechanism is yet sufficiently understood. meanwhile, the research on the correlational experimental animal models was also insufficient. here, we established periodontitis with type 2 diabetes in db/db and tallyho/jngj (th) mice and periodontitis with type 1 diabetes in streptozotocin induced diabetes c57bl/6j (stz ... | 2016 | 27995146 |
| zebrafish as a new model to study effects of periodontal pathogens on cardiovascular diseases. | porphyromonas gingivalis (pg) is a keystone pathogen in the aetiology of chronic periodontitis. however, recent evidence suggests that the bacterium is also able to enter the bloodstream, interact with host cells and tissues, and ultimately contribute to the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease (cvd). here we established a novel zebrafish larvae systemic infection model showing that pg rapidly adheres to and penetrates the zebrafish vascular endothelium causing a dose- and time-dependent morta ... | 2016 | 27777406 |
| immune response of macrophages induced by porphyromonas gingivalis requires hmuy protein. | the main etiologic agent and a key pathogen responsible for initiation and progression of chronic periodontitis is porphyromonas gingivalis. we examined the role of p. gingivalis, with particular interest to hmuy protein, in expression of genes involved in toll-like receptor (tlr)-induced signaling pathways using cell-based infection model. u937 and thp-1 cells differentiated toward macrophages by pma treatment responded to p. gingivalis-caused infection in slightly different gene expression pat ... | 2016 | 27473343 |
| interferon-gamma and fas are involved in porphyromonas gingivalis-induced apoptosis of human extravillous trophoblast-derived htr8/svneo cells via extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 pathway. | a number of studies recently revealed a link between periodontal disease and preterm birth (ptb). ptb can be induced by dental infection with porphyromonas gingivalis (pg), a periodontopathic bacterium. this study aims to investigate responses of human extravillous trophoblast-derived htr8/svneo cells to pg infection. | 2016 | 27353438 |
| impact of heavy smoking on the clinical, microbiological and immunological parameters of patients with dental implants: a prospective cross-sectional study. | the aim of the present study was to investigate how heavy smoking influences the clinical, microbiological, and host-response characteristics in peri-implant sulcus fluid of patients with healthy dental implants. | 2016 | 26171870 |
| high levels of porphyromonas gingivalis-induced immunoglobulin g2 are associated with lower high-density lipoprotein levels in chronic periodontitis. | to investigate the association between the presence of porphyromonas gingivalis-induced immunoglobulin g antibodies and the high-density lipoprotein (hdl) level. | 2016 | 26074399 |
| inhibitory effect of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin d3 on porphyromonas gingivalis-induced inflammation and bone resorption in vivo. | to investigate whether intragastric administration of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin d3 (1,25(oh)2d3) could inhibit the bone resorption and inflammation in a mouse calvarial model infected by porphyromonas gingivalis (p. gingivalis). | 2016 | 27597534 |
| effect of gallium aluminium arsenide diode laser therapy on porphyromonas gingivalis in chronic periodontitis: a randomized controlled trial. | the aim of this randomized, controlled trial was to evaluate the effects of 685-nm gallium aluminium arsenide (gaalas) diode laser therapy (1.6 j cm(-2) ) as an adjunct to scaling and root planing in the treatment of chronic periodontitis. | 2016 | 26250477 |
| sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c regulates inflammasome activation in gingival fibroblasts infected with high-glucose-treated porphyromonas gingivalis. | background:porphyromonas gingivalis is a major bacterial species implicated in the progression of periodontal disease, which is recognized as a common complication of diabetes. the interleukin (il)-1β, processed by the nlr family pyrin domain containing 3 (nlrp3) inflammasome, has been identified as a target for pathogenic infection of the inflammatory response. however, the effect of p. gingivalis in a high-glucose situation in the modulation of inflammasome activation in human gingival fibrobl ... | 2016 | 28083517 |
| biofilm-mediated antibiotic-resistant oral bacterial infections: mechanism and combat strategies | oral diseases like dental caries and periodontal disease are directly associated with the capability of bacteria to form biofilm. periodontal diseases have been associated to anaerobic gram-negative bacteria forming a subgingival plaque (porphyromonas gingivalis, actinobacillus, prevotella and fusobacterium). biofilm is a complex bacterial community that is highly resistant to antibiotics and human immunity. biofilm communities are the causative agents of biological developments such as dental ca ... | 2016 | 27890003 |
| er,cr:ysgg laser effectively ablates single-species biofilms on titanium disks without detectable surface damage. | increasing evidence implicates biofilms, consisting of species such as porphyromonas gingivalis, in the etiology of peri-implantitis. multiple approaches to ablate biofilms on failing implants have been proposed, include the use of lasers; most recently the er,cr:ysgg laser. the purpose of this study is to establish an in-vitro single-species biofilm model on implant surfaces and determine power settings of the er,cr:ysgg laser that remove the biofilm while not causing physical damage to the dis ... | 2016 | 27885966 |
| nucleoside-diphosphate-kinase of p. gingivalis is secreted from epithelial cells in the absence of a leader sequence through a pannexin-1 interactome. | nucleoside-diphosphate-kinases (ndks) are leaderless, multifunctional enzymes. the mode(s) of ndk secretion is currently undefined, while extracellular translocation of bacterial ndks is critical for avoidance of host pathogen clearance by opportunistic pathogens such as porphyromonas gingivalis. p. gingivalis-ndk during infection inhibits extracellular-atp (eatp)/p2x7-receptor mediated cell death in gingival epithelial cells (gecs) via eatp hydrolysis. furthermore, depletion of pannexin-1-hemic ... | 2016 | 27883084 |
| porphyromonas gingivalis suppresses adaptive immunity in periodontitis, atherosclerosis, and alzheimer's disease. | porphyromonas gingivalis, a keystone pathogen in chronic periodontitis, has been found to associate with remote body organ inflammatory pathologies, including atherosclerosis and alzheimer's disease (ad). although p. gingivalis has a plethora of virulence factors, much of its pathogenicity is surprisingly related to the overall immunosuppression of the host. this review focuses on p. gingivalis aiding suppression of the host's adaptive immune system involving manipulation of cellular immunologic ... | 2016 | 27882863 |
| interleukin-33 and rank-l interplay in the alveolar bone loss associated to periodontitis. | chronic periodontitis (cp) is an inflammatory disease of bacterial origin that results in alveolar bone destruction. porphyromonas gingivalis (pg), one of the main periopathogens, initiates an inflammatory cascade by host immune cells thereby increasing recruitment and activity of osteoclasts, the bone resorbing cells, through enhanced production of the crucial osteoclastogenic factor, rank-l. antibodies directed against some cytokines (il-1β, il-6 and tnf-α) failed to exhibit convincing therape ... | 2016 | 27992569 |
| evaluation of efficacy of photodynamic therapy as an adjunct to nonsurgical periodontal therapy in treatment of chronic periodontitis patients: a clinico-microbiological study. | photodynamic therapy (pdt) is a local noninvasive treatment modality without side effects caused by antibiotics. the aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of adjunctive use of pdt with scaling and root planing as compared with srp alone in the treatment of chronic periodontitis. | 2016 | 27966504 |
| synthesis of sphingolipids impacts survival of porphyromonas gingivalis and the presentation of surface polysaccharides. | bacteria alter the biophysical properties of their membrane lipids in response to environmental cues, such as shifts in ph or temperature. in essence, lipid composition determines membrane structure, which in turn influences many basic functions, such as transport, secretion, and signaling. like other members of the phylum bacteroidetes, the oral anaerobe porphyromonas gingivalis possesses the ability to synthesize a variety of novel membrane lipids, including species of dihydroceramides that ar ... | 2016 | 27965646 |
| [analysis of virulence factors of porphyromonas endodontalis based on comparative proteomics technique]. | objective: to analyze the protein expression profile and the potential virulence factors of porphyromonas endodontalis (pe) via comparison with that of two strains of porphyromonas gingivalis (pg) with high and low virulences, respectively. methods: whole cell comparative proteomics of pe atcc35406 was examined and compared with that of high virulent strain pg w83 andlow virulent strain pg atcc33277, respectively. isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (itraq) combined with nano li ... | 2016 | 27978916 |
| porphyromonas gingivalis-derived outer membrane vesicles promote calcification of vascular smooth muscle cells through erk1/2-runx2. | the outer membrane vesicle (omv) derived from porphyromonas gingivalis plays an essential role in causing inflammation which, in turn, plays an important part in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases such as atherosclerosis and thromboembolism. however, the contribution of oral bacteria to vascular calcification is yet to be determined. here, we evaluated the effect of omv on vascular smooth muscle cell (vsmc) calcification both in vitro and ex vivo. we established a reproducible p. gingiv ... | 2016 | 28255538 |
| endothelin regulates porphyromonas gingivalis-induced production of inflammatory cytokines. | periodontitis is a very common oral inflammatory disease that results in the destruction of supporting connective and osseous tissues of the teeth. although the exact etiology is still unclear, gram-negative bacteria, especially porphyromonas gingivalis in subgingival pockets are thought to be one of the major etiologic agents of periodontitis. endothelin (et) is a family of three 21-amino acid peptides, et-1, -2, and -3, that activate g protein-coupled receptors, eta and etb. endothelin is invo ... | 2016 | 28030574 |
| non-oral gram-negative facultative rods in chronic periodontitis microbiota. | the subgingival prevalence of gram-negative facultative rods not usually inhabiting or indigenous to the oral cavity (non-oral gnfr), as well as selected periodontal bacterial pathogens, were evaluated by culture in untreated and treated chronic periodontitis patients. | 2016 | 26835659 |
| propolis, a hope for the future in treating resistant periodontal pathogens. | periodontitis is one of the most common causes of tooth loss worldwide. recently, special attention has been paid to natural medication for its treatment. for this purpose, propolis (bee glue) activity has also been investigated. its antibacterial properties are mainly attributed to flavonones pinocembrin, flavonols galangin and to the caffeic acid phenethyl ester. this study is aimed at evaluating the antimicrobial effects of propolis from pakistan on 35 clinical isolates of pigmented anaerobic ... | 2016 | 27563508 |
| lactobacillus rhamnosus could inhibit porphyromonas gingivalis derived cxcl8 attenuation. | an increasing body of evidence suggests that the use of probiotic bacteria is a promising intervention approach for the treatment of inflammatory diseases with a polymicrobial etiology. p. gingivalis has been noted to have a different way of interacting with the innate immune response of the host compared to other pathogenic bacteria, which is a recognized feature that inhibits cxcl8 expression. | 2016 | 27008259 |
| combinations of bacterial species associated with symptomatic endodontic infections in a chinese population. | to use microarrays to detect 11 selected bacteria in infected root canals, revealing bacterial combinations that are associated with clinical symptoms and signs of primary endodontic infections in a chinese population. | 2016 | 25565631 |
| morbidly obese patient with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis-related cirrhosis who died from sepsis caused by dental infection of porphyromonas gingivalis: a case report. | non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (nash) is associated with increased risks of developing lifestyle-related diseases including type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease and cerebral vessel disease. while the two-hit hypothesis and, recently, multiple parallel hits hypothesis of nash pathogenesis were proposed, further details have not emerged. recently, dental infection of porphyromonas gingivalis (p. gingivalis) has been reported as a critical risk factor for nash progression, which acts as multiple ... | 2016 | 25943712 |
| association of clinical parameters with periodontal bacterial haemolytic activity. | to determine whether haemolytic activity of subgingival bacteria is associated with periodontitis clinical parameters and to identify which bacteria produce the haemolysins. | 2016 | 27105613 |
| [periodontal inflammation affects the mechanical and immune barrier functions of mice gut]. | to explore the effects of periodontal inflammation on the functions of gut barrier (ecological barrier, mechanical barrier, and immune barrier) in mice. | 2016 | 28317363 |
| [effects of porphyromonas gingivalis on interleukin-33 expression in rabbit vascular endothelium tissues]. | to investigate interleukin-33 (il-33) in the arterial vascular endothelium of rabbits infected with porphyromonas gingivalis (p. gingivalis), and to explore the relationship between p. gingivalis and atherosclerosis. | 2016 | 28317351 |
| [promotion of porphyromonas gingivalis to viral disease]. | chronic periodontitis is one of the most common oral diseases in humans, the main recognized pathogenic bac-terium of which is the porphyromonas gingivalis. various types of viruses have been detected in periodontal disease in situ, and the joint action of viral and bacterial pathogens infection mechanism are complicated. porphyromonas gingivalis has the characteristics resulting from the interaction with a variety of bacterium viruses, which may be the reason for chronic perio-dontitis being a ... | 2016 | 28317365 |
| porphyromonas gingivalis and epstein-barr virus are associated with increased levels of visfatin in gingival crevicular fluid. | there is little clinical information on the relationship between periodontopathogens and visfatin. the purpose of this study is to determine visfatin levels in the gingival crevicular fluid (gcf) of healthy individuals and patients with periodontitis and to investigate the possible relationship between this adipokine and the presence and levels of porphyromonas gingivalis, prevotella intermedia, prevotella nigrescense, and epstein-barr virus (ebv). | 2016 | 26561994 |
| selective responses of human gingival fibroblasts and bacteria on carbon fiber reinforced polyetheretherketone with multilevel nanostructured tio2. | the long-term success of dental implants relies not only on stable osseointegration but also on the integration of implant surfaces with surrounding soft tissues. in our previous work, titanium plasma immersion ion implantation (piii) technique was applied to modify the carbon-fiber-reinforced polyetheretherketone (cfrpeek) surface, constructing a unique multilevel tio2 nanostructure thus enhancing certain osteogenic properties. however, the interactions between the modified surface and soft-tis ... | 2016 | 26774566 |
| effect of aging on periodontal inflammation, microbial colonization, and disease susceptibility. | periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease induced by a biofilm that forms on the tooth surface. increased periodontal disease is associated with aging. we investigated the effect of aging on challenge by oral pathogens, examining the host response, colonization, and osteoclast numbers in aged versus young mice. we also compared the results with mice with lineage-specific deletion of the transcription factor foxo1, which reduces dendritic cell (dc) function. periodontitis was induced by ora ... | 2016 | 26762510 |
| porphyromonas gingivalis initiates a mesenchymal-like transition through zeb1 in gingival epithelial cells. | the oral anaerobe porphyromonas gingivalis is associated with the development of cancers including oral squamous cell carcinoma (oscc). here, we show that infection of gingival epithelial cells with p. gingivalis induces expression and nuclear localization of the zeb1 transcription factor, which controls epithelial-mesenchymal transition. p. gingivalis also caused an increase in zeb1 expression as a dual species community with fusobacterium nucleatum or streptococcus gordonii. increased zeb1 exp ... | 2016 | 26639759 |
| structural and quantitative analysis of a mature anaerobic biofilm on different implant abutment surfaces. | the longevity of dental implants depends on the absence of inflammation in the periimplant tissue. similar to teeth, pathogenic bacteria can adhere on implant abutment surfaces and cause periimplant disease and consequently implant loss. | 2016 | 26597465 |
| levels of candidate periodontal pathogens in subgingival biofilm. | in recent years, several new periodontal taxa have been associated with the etiology of periodontitis. a recent systematic review provides further support for the pathogenic role of 17 species/phylotypes. thus, the aim of this study was to assess the prevalence and levels of these species in subjects with generalized chronic periodontitis (gchp; n = 30), generalized aggressive periodontitis (gagp; n = 30), and periodontal health (ph; n = 30). all subjects underwent clinical and microbiological a ... | 2016 | 26936213 |