Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| [investigation of the hepatitis e virus seroprevalence in cases admitted to hacettepe university medical faculty hospital]. | hepatitis e virus (hev), classified in hepeviridae family, hepevirus genus, is a non-enveloped virus with icosahedral capsid containing single-stranded positive sense rna genome. hev infections may be asymptomatic especially in children, however it may present as fulminant hepatitis in pregnant women, as well as chronic hepatitis in immunocompromised patients. there are four well-known genotypes of hev that infect humans and many mammalian species. genotype 1 and 2 are frequently responsible for ... | 2015 | 26649413 |
| serological and molecular investigation of swine hepatitis e virus in pigs raised in southern italy. | hepatitis e virus (hev) infection is a common acute hepatitis transmitted by the fecal-oral route. in developed countries, the virus has a zoonotic potential, and domestic pigs and wild boars are considered main reservoirs. to assess the prevalence of hev-positive animals in the calabria region (southern italy) on a serological and molecular level, a total of 216 autochthonous healthy pigs (apulo-calabrese breed) were sampled. both sera and feces were collected. pigs were grouped based on age: 1 ... | 2015 | 26555536 |
| hepatitis e virus infection: epidemiology and treatment implications. | hepatitis e virus (hev) infection is now established as an emerging enteric viral hepatitis. standard treatments in acute and chronic hepatitis e remain to be established. this study undertakes a review of the epidemiology, treatment implication and vaccine prevention from published literature. hev infection is a worldwide public health problem and can cause acute and chronic hepatitis e. hev genotypes 1 and 2 are primarily found in developing countries due to waterborne transmission, while the ... | 2015 | 26568916 |
| subclinical avian hepatitis e virus infection in layer flocks in the united states. | the objective of this study was to determine patterns of avian hev infection in naturally infected chicken farms. a total of 310 serum samples and 62 pooled fecal samples were collected from 62 chicken flocks on seven commercial in-line egg farms in the midwestern united states and tested for avian hev circulation. serum samples were tested for the presence of anti-avian hev igy antibodies by a fluorescent microbead immunoassay (fmia) which was developed for this study. the fmia was validated us ... | 2015 | 26564555 |
| case report associated with aspergillosis and hepatitis e virus coinfection in himalayan griffons. | this study involved a death which occurred in four himalayan griffons housed in beijing zoo, china. based on pathogen identification and the pathological changes observed, we did characterize the fungi and hepatitis e virus (hev) in four dead himalayan griffons. pathological changes were severe. membranous-like material was observed on the surface of the internal organs. spleen was necrotic. focal lymphocyte infiltration in the liver and many sunflower-like fungi nodules were evident in the tiss ... | 2015 | 26605326 |
| viral hepatitis in pregnancy--a study of its effect on maternal and foetal outcome. | the outcome of hepatitis during pregnancy has been observed to be widely different by various authors, ranging from the benign to fatal. a poor outcome has increasingly been observed in pregnant women suffering from hepatitis in central india. hence, this study was undertaken to study the incidence, causative organisms and chief prognostic factors affecting the outcome of viral hepatitis in pregnant women. | 2015 | 26591124 |
| hepatitis e virus infections in children age 0-15, uganda outbreak, 2007. | the epidemiology of hepatitis e virus (hev) infections among children is not well understood, with some studies reporting that hepatitis e infections do not affect children. | 2015 | 26590690 |
| liver transplantation for acute liver failure because of genotype 3 hepatitis e virus infection. | 2015 | 26178234 | |
| a proline-rich domain in the genotype 4 hepatitis e virus orf3 c-terminus is crucial for downstream v105dlp108 immunoactivity. | the hepatitis e virus (hev) is responsible for serious viral hepatitis worldwide. animals are considered a reservoir of hev, particularly pigs. while hev infection in pigs and dogs is always asymptomatic, the virus causes high death rates in patients with pre-existing chronic liver disease and pregnant women in developing countries. hev open reading frame 2 (orf2) has been used as a diagnostic target to detect specific antibodies against hev in serum samples. recent research has additionally sup ... | 2015 | 26177202 |
| hepatitis e infection during pregnancy. | many of my patients are from southeast asia where hepatitis e virus (hev) infection is quite common. what precautions can i suggest they take before traveling to these areas and what is the risk of contracting hev during pregnancy? | 2015 | 26175368 |
| is hepatitis e virus an emerging problem in industrialized countries? | hepatitis e virus (hev) is yearly responsible for approximately 20 million infections worldwide. although most infections occur in developing countries, hev appears to be an emerging problem in several industrialized countries, where it is mostly associated with either traveling to an hev endemic area or contact with pigs, which represent a major reservoir of hev. the major risk groups for hev infection and its ensuing complications are elderly men, pregnant women, young children, immunocompromi ... | 2015 | 26175182 |
| hepatitis e virus in patients with decompensated chronic liver disease: a prospective uk/french study. | in developed countries, hepatitis e is a porcine zoonosis caused by hepatitis e virus (hev) genotype 3. in developing countries, hepatitis e is mainly caused by genotype 1, and causes increased mortality in patients with pre-existing chronic liver disease (cld). | 2015 | 26174470 |
| epidemiology of hev in the mediterranean basin: 10-year prevalence in italy. | the present study is aimed at describing the seroprevalence and exploring potential risk factor(s) for hepatitis e virus (hev) in participants who voluntarily underwent anti-hiv antibody testing. | 2015 | 26173715 |
| comparison of autochthonous and imported cases of hepatitis a or hepatitis e. | hepatitis a and hepatitis e are not limited to tropical countries but are also present in industrialized countries. both infections share similar clinical features. there is no comparative study evaluating the clinical parameters of autochthonous and imported hepatitis a virus and hepatitis e virus infections. | 2015 | 26167693 |
| hepatitis e virus produced from cell culture has a lipid envelope. | the absence of a productive cell culture system hampered detailed analysis of the structure and protein composition of the hepatitis e virion. in this study, hepatitis e virus from a robust hev cell culture system and from the feces of infected monkeys at the peak of virus excretion was purified by ultra-centrifugation. the common feature of the two samples after ultracentrifugation was that the orf2 protein mainly remained in the top fractions. the orf2 protein from cell culture system was glyc ... | 2015 | 26161670 |
| characterization of self-assembled virus-like particles of dromedary camel hepatitis e virus generated by recombinant baculoviruses. | dromedary camel hepatitis e virus (dchev), a novel hepatitis e virus, has been identified in dromedary camels in dubai, united arab emirates. the antigenicity, pathogenicity and epidemiology of this virus have been unclear. here we first used a recombinant baculovirus expression system to express the 13 and 111 n-terminus amino-acid-truncated dchev orf2 protein in insect tn5 cells, and we obtained two types of virus-like particles (vlps) with densities of 1.300 g/cm(3) and 1.285 g/cm(3), respect ... | 2015 | 26160190 |
| transverse myelitis caused by hepatitis e: previously undescribed in adults. | we report the case of a 62-year-old caucasian woman who was admitted with urinary retention and lower limb paraesthesia following a week's prodromal illness of headache and malaise. liver function tests showed a picture of acute hepatocellular dysfunction. she developed reduced lower limb power, brisk reflexes, extensor plantars, a sensory level at t8 and reduced anal sphincter tone, establishing a clinical diagnosis of transverse myelitis. a spinal mri showed no evidence of cauda equina or spin ... | 2015 | 26150621 |
| two generations of "gold standards": the impact of a decade in hepatitis e virus testing innovation on population seroprevalence. | hepatitis e virus (hev) is a global pathogen responsible for approximately 20 million infections every year in developing countries, yet remains under-recognized. in this population-based cohort study, 1,025 randomly selected participants were enrolled from matlab, bangladesh (2004-2005). all participants were tested for hev antibodies and total immunoglobulin (ig), using an in-house enzyme immunoassay developed by walter reed army institute of research (wrair). in 2014, we retested the banked s ... | 2015 | 26149865 |
| hepatitis e virus in domestic pigs, wild boars, pig farm workers, and hunters in estonia. | while hepatitis e is a growing health concern in europe, epidemiological data on hepatitis e virus (hev) in estonia are scarce. along with imported hev infections, autochthonous cases are reported from european countries. both domestic and wild animals can be a source of human cases of this zoonosis. here, we investigated the presence of anti-hev antibodies and hev rna in domestic pigs and wild boars, as well as in pig farm workers and hunters in estonia. anti-hev antibodies were detected in 234 ... | 2015 | 26141050 |
| hepatitis e virus infection in brazil: results of laboratory-based surveillance from 1998 to 2013. | data on hepatitis e virus (hev) in brazil are limited. we analyzed 15 years of hev surveillance data in a major clinical laboratory in são paulo, brazil. | 2015 | 26132499 |
| antigenic composition and immunoreactivity differences between hev recombinant capsid proteins generated from different genotypes. | appreciable variability has been observed in hepatitis e virus (hev) serological diagnostics. four recombinant proteins (p166s) were generated from position 452 to 617 aa of orf2 of different hev genotypes and used in an indirect elisa to detect anti-hev igms and iggs in serially diluted sera of patients infected with different hev genotypes (genotype 1, n=15; genotype 3, n=12; genotype 4, n=17). to evaluate the differences at a conformational level, 3d-structure models of p166s were predicted, ... | 2015 | 26122075 |
| removal of rotavirus and bacteriophages by membrane bioreactor technology from sewage. | human enteric viruses constitute a public health concern due to their low infectious dose and their resistance to environmental factors and to inactivation processes. we aimed at assessing the performance of a laboratory scale submerged membrane bioreactor (smbr) treating abattoir wastewaters for rotavirus (rv) and total coliphages removal. we also aimed at evaluating removal efficiency of enteric viruses through conventional activated sludge treatment by measuring concentrations of total coliph ... | 2015 | 26210901 |
| hepatitis e and neuralgic amyotrophy: five cases and review of literature. | hepatitis e virus infection - mainly genotype 3 - is increasingly common in industrialized countries. infection is usually asymptomatic, but cases of central or peripheral neurological symptoms with hepatitis e have been described. the most frequent is guillain-barre but somes cases of neuralgic amyotrophy have been described. in our center, since 2010, we have identified five cases of neuralgic amyotrophy associated with acute hepatitis e in immunocompetent patients. for all these patients, neu ... | 2015 | 26209399 |
| paediatric liver transplanted patients and prevalence of hepatitis e virus. | hepatitis e is an emerging disease in developed countries and is usually asymptomatic, particularly in children. chronic infection is possible in immunocompromised individuals. in the context of a liver transplant, it can simulate a rejection. in this case, antiviral therapy may be considered, thus highlighting the need to diagnose hepatitis e virus (hev) infection in this population. | 2015 | 26209371 |
| prevalence of hepatitis e virus among adults in south-west of iran. | background. knowledge regarding prevalence of hev in general population can be an indicator of the public health and hygiene. therefore, this study was conducted to evaluate the prevalence of hev among adults in south-west of iran. methods. blood samples were taken from 510 participants, 206 (40.4%) males and 304 (59.6%) females from february to july 2014. detection of anti-hev igg and igm antibodies was carried out by elisa test. results. the overall anti-hev igg and igm prevalence rates were 4 ... | 2015 | 26199756 |
| ribavirin for chronic hepatitis prevention among patients with hematologic malignancies. | findings among a cohort of 26 patients who had hematologic malignancies and hepatitis e virus (hev) infection support that hev can induce chronic hepatitis. however, a 3-month course of ribavirin can induce a rapid viral clearance, reducing the risk for chronic hepatitis and enabling continuation of cytotoxic treatments for underlying malignancies. | 2015 | 26197210 |
| prevalence of hepatitis e virus infection in pigs at the time of slaughter, united kingdom, 2013. | since 2010, reports of infection with hepatitis e virus (hev) have increased in england and wales. despite mounting evidence regarding the zoonotic potential of porcine hev, there are limited data on its prevalence in pigs in the united kingdom. we investigated antibody prevalence, active infection, and virus variation in serum and cecal content samples from 629 pigs at slaughter. prevalence of antibodies to hev was 92.8% (584/629), and hev rna was detected in 15% of cecal contents (93/629), 3% ... | 2015 | 26196216 |
| arsenic exposure and hepatitis e virus infection during pregnancy. | arsenic has immunomodulatory properties and may have the potential to alter susceptibility to infection in humans. | 2015 | 26186135 |
| changes in gene expression in liver tissue from patients with fulminant hepatitis e. | to study host gene expression and number of immune cells in liver tissues from patients with fulminant hepatitis e (fh-e). | 2015 | 26185374 |
| characteristics of 20 patients with autochthonous acute hepatitis e in hokkaido, japan: first report of bilateral facial palsy following the infection with genotype 4 hepatitis e virus. | autochthonous hepatitis e is increasingly being recognized in industrialized countries, including japan. although neurological abnormalities have been sporadically reported as an extrahepatic manifestation of hepatitis e virus (hev) infection, it is rare and has not been reported in japan. the present study aimed to characterize a total of 20 patients consecutively diagnosed with sporadic acute hepatitis e at a city hospital in hokkaido, japan, during 2001-2014, focusing on a patient complicated ... | 2015 | 26228039 |
| [two cases of acute hepatitis e infected with descendant strains of hepatitis e virus genotype 3 strain isolated from swine herd in miyazaki prefecture 12 years ago - one case had acute facial paralysis]. | we experienced two cases of acute hepatitis e in miyazaki prefecture in the same period. the patients were unknown to each other and did not have any clear causes or common risk factors of hepatitis e virus (hev) infection. nucleotide sequences of the hev isolates revealed that the two isolates were closely related but with different hev genotype 3 strains. the two cases appeared to be infected from unknown and different sources. molecular phylogenetic analysis indicated that the strains were pr ... | 2015 | 26250134 |
| chronically infected wild boar can transmit genotype 3 hepatitis e virus to domestic pigs. | hepatitis e virus (hev) causes acute hepatitis e in humans in developing countries, but sporadic and autochthonous cases do also occur in industrialized nations. in europe, food-borne zoonotic transmission of genotype 3 (gt3) has been associated with the consumption of raw and undercooked products from domestic pig and wild boar. as shown recently, naturally acquired hev gt3 replicates efficiently in experimentally infected wild boar and is transmissible from a wild boar to domestic pigs. genera ... | 2015 | 26344041 |
| antigenic properties of avian hepatitis e virus capsid protein. | avian hepatitis e virus (hev) is the main causative agent of big liver and spleen disease and hepatitis-splenomegaly syndrome in chickens, and is genetically and antigenically related to mammalian hevs. hev capsid protein contains immunodominant epitopes and induces a protective humoral immune response. a better understanding of the antigenic composition of this protein is critically important for the development of effective vaccine and sensitive and specific serological assays. to date, six li ... | 2015 | 26340899 |
| an epidemiologic investigation of a case of acute hepatitis e. | hepatitis e virus (hev) is considered a zoonotic infection in developed nations. a case of acute hepatitis e in a researcher following a scalpel injury while working on a pig prompted a seroepidemiologic study to identify potential modes of transmission and determine the seroprevalence of hev among animal handlers at the institute. sera from personnel (n = 64) in two animal facilities and age/sex-matched blood donors (n = 63) as controls were tested for igg anti-hev and, if positive, for igm ant ... | 2015 | 26338861 |
| hepatitis e virus in cambodia: prevalence among the general population and complete genome sequence of genotype 4. | hepatitis e virus (hev) is a growing public health problem in many countries. in this study, we investigated hev seroprevalence among the general population in the siem reap province, cambodia, and performed hev genetic analysis with the aim to develop an hev prevention strategy. this seroepidemiological cross-sectional study conducted from 2010 to 2014 included 868 participants from four different locations in siem reap province, cambodia. they answered questionnaires and provided blood samples ... | 2015 | 26317620 |
| preventing transfer of infectious agents. | xenotransplantation using pig cells, tissues and organs may be associated with the transfer of porcine infectious agents, which may infect the human recipient and in the worst case induce a disease (zoonosis). to prevent this, a broad screening program of the donor animals for putative zoonotic microorganisms, including bacteria, viruses, fungi and others, using sensitive and specific detection methods has to be performed. as long as it is still unknown, which microorganism represents a real ris ... | 2015 | 26316157 |
| hepatitis e infection in patients with severe alcoholic hepatitis: is there a place for systematic screening? | one study has suggested that markers of acute hepatitis e virus (hev) infection are present in 3.6% of patients with severe alcoholic hepatitis (ah). however, validation of these preliminary results is lacking, as well as the impact of hev infection on the 6-month survival. | 2015 | 26308710 |
| chronic hepatitis e infection with an emerging virus strain in a heart transplant recipient successfully treated with ribavirin: a case report. | during the last decade hepatitis e infections have been recognized as a health problem in high-income countries, where hepatitis e virus genotype 3 is endemic. the infection is often self-limiting, but may develop into chronic infection in immunocompromised patients, especially in solid organ recipients. if these patients or patients with underlying liver disease get hepatitis e infection, they may develop liver failure and cirrhosis. hepatitis e virus is occasionally found in blood products and ... | 2015 | 26307049 |
| hepatitis e virus seroprevalence in three hyperendemic areas: nepal, bangladesh and southwest france. | hepatitis e causes a significant burden of disease in developing countries and has recently been increasingly recognized in developed countries. comparing population anti-hepatitis e virus (hev) seroprevalence across populations has been difficult. | 2015 | 26305817 |
| hepatitis e virus infection: an underdiagnosed infection in transplant patients in southern africa? | 2015 | 26305814 | |
| swine and rabbits are the main reservoirs of hepatitis e virus in china: detection of hev rna in feces of farmed and wild animals. | hepatitis e virus (hev) infection is recognized as a zoonosis. the prevalence of hev rna and anti-hev antibodies in many animal species has been reported, but the host range of hev is unclear. the aims of this study were to investigate hev infection in various animal species and to determine the reservoirs of hev. eight hundred twenty-two fecal samples from 17 mammal species and 67 fecal samples from 24 avian species were collected in china and tested for hev rna by rt-npcr. the products of pcr ... | 2015 | 26303139 |
| incidence of hepatitis e antibodies in swedish lung transplant recipients. | hepatitis e virus (hev) is an important cause of acute and chronic hepatitis in solid organ transplant recipients, especially liver transplant recipients. however, less is known of the incidence and prevalence of hev in lung transplant recipients. | 2015 | 26293083 |
| genotype 4 hepatitis e virus prevalent in eastern china shows diverse subtypes. | hepatitis e virus (hev), a zoonotic pathogen, uses several species of animal as reservoirs. swine is considered as the major reservoir for hev infection in humans. genotype 4 hev is the dominant cause of hepatitis e disease in humans in china. | 2015 | 26288632 |
| variability and pathogenicity of hepatitis e virus genotype 3 variants. | infection with hepatitis e virus (hev) can be clinically inapparent or produce symptoms and signs of hepatitis of varying severity and occasional fatality. this variability in clinical outcomes may reflect differences in host susceptibility or the presence of virally encoded determinants of pathogenicity. analysis of complete genome sequences supports the division of hev genotype 3 (hev-3) variants into three major clades: 3ra comprising hev isolates from rabbits, and 3efg and 3abchij comprising ... | 2015 | 26282123 |
| nmr study on the interaction of the conserved crex 'stem-loop' in the hepatitis e virus genome with a naphthyridine-based ligand. | a 2-amino-1,8-naphthyridine derivative that is described to bind single guanine bulges in rna-dna and rna-rna duplexes was synthesized and its interaction with the single g bulge in the conserved crex of the hepatitis e virus (hev) genome was explored by nmr and molecular modeling. results indicate that the ligand intercalates in the internal loop, though none of the expected hydrogen bonds with the single g in the bulge could be demonstrated. | 2015 | 26264660 |
| development and evaluation of a sybr green real-time rt-pcr assay for detection of avian hepatitis e virus. | avian hepatitis e virus (hev) is the main causative agent of big liver and spleen disease, as well as hepatitis-splenomegaly syndrome in chickens. to date, conventional reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) and nested rt-pcr methods have been used for the diagnosis of avian hev infection in chickens. however, these assays are time consuming, inconvenient, and cannot detect the virus quantitatively. in this study, a rapid and sensitive sybr green real-time rt-pcr assay was deve ... | 2015 | 26260476 |
| current knowledge on hepatitis e. | although only a single serotype of hepatitis e virus (hev), the causative agent of hepatitis e, has been identified, there is great genetic variation among the different hev isolates reported. there are at least four major recognized genotypes of hev: genotypes 1 and 2 are mainly restricted to humans and linked to epidemic outbreaks in nonindustrialized countries, whereas genotypes 3 and 4 are zoonotic in both developing and industrialized countries. besides human strains, genotype 3 and 4 strai ... | 2015 | 26355220 |
| seroprevalence of hepatitis a and e virus infections among healthy population in shiraz, southern iran. | enterically-transmitted acute viral hepatitis is caused predominantly by hepatitis a virus (hav) and hepatitis e virus (hev). the prevalence of hev and hav infections varies in different geographical regions. | 2015 | 26421130 |
| seroprevalence of hepatitis e virus (hev) infection in blood donors and renal transplant recipients: a retrospective study from central italy. | autochthonous hepatitis e virus (hev) is an emerging health issue in developed countries and is thought to be a porcine zoonosis; its spread is underestimated and there is concern about the possibility of chronic infection in immunosuppressed patients; hev transmission through blood has also been demonstrated. we conducted a retrospective study (2007-2013) on hev seroprevalence using stored serum samples from 132 blood donors and 118 renal transplant recipients living mainly in central italy. an ... | 2015 | 26397295 |
| acute hepatitis e-associated acute pancreatitis: a single center experience and literature review. | because acute pancreatitis (ap) associated with acute hepatitis e is rarely reported, we present such a case series. | 2015 | 26390412 |
| chronic hepatitis e: a brief review. | hepatitis e viral infection has traditionally been considered an acute, self-limited, water borne disease similar to hepatitis a, endemic to developing countries. however, over the past decade, zoonotic transmission and progression to chronicity in human patients has been identified, resulting in persistently elevated transaminase levels, progressive liver injury and cirrhosis. in addition to liver injury, neurological, renal and rheumatological manifestations have also been reported. chronic he ... | 2015 | 26380044 |
| low frequency of acute hepatitis e virus (hev) infections but high past hev exposure in subjects from cambodia with mild liver enzyme elevations, unexplained fever or immunodeficiency due to hiv-1 infection. | in cambodia, previous studies conducted on hepatitis e virus (hev) infection are scant, sometimes old, and showed inconsistent results. moreover, there is no data about hev infection in cambodian hiv-1-infected patients. | 2015 | 26370310 |
| detection of hepatitis e virus rna in raw sausages and liver sausages from retail in germany using an optimized method. | hepatitis e virus (hev) is a pathogen of increasing importance, which can be zoonotically transmitted from domestic pigs, wild boar, and deer to humans. foodborne transmission by consumption of raw and undercooked liver, meat, or sausages prepared from infected animals has been documented. the aim of this study was to investigate the distribution of hev in different types of sausages sold in germany. as no standardized methods for hev detection in food exist, several techniques of sample homogen ... | 2015 | 26433460 |
| hepatitis e virus antibody prevalence in hunters from a district in central germany, 2013: a cross-sectional study providing evidence for the benefit of protective gloves during disembowelling of wild boars. | in germany, 17% of the general human population have antibodies to hepatitis e virus (hev) (recomline hev-igg/igm immunoassay [mikrogen gmbh]). wild boars represent an animal reservoir for hev genotype 3, which is the common genotype in germany. we estimated the seroprevalence among hunters with contact to wild boars to identify factors that may be associated with past or present hev infection. | 2015 | 26493830 |
| replacement of the hepatitis e virus orf3 protein pxxp motif with heterologous late domain motifs affects virus release via interaction with tsg101. | the orf3 protein of hepatitis e virus (hev) contains a "psap" amino acid late domain motif, which allows for interaction with the endosomal sorting complexes required for transport (escrt) pathway aiding virion release. late domain motifs are interchangeable with other viral late domain motifs in several enveloped viruses, however, it remains unknown whether hev shares this functional interchangeability and what implications this might have on viral replication. in this study, by substituting he ... | 2015 | 26457367 |
| hepatitis e virus infection: an emerging occupational risk? | hepatitis e virus (hev) infection is endemic in many developing countries, causing substantial morbidity. transmission is primarily faeco-oral and is associated with both sporadic infections and epidemics in areas where poor sanitation and weak public health infrastructures exist. recently, it has become clear that hev is also an endemic disease in industrialized countries. moreover, a porcine reservoir and growing evidence of zoonotic transmission have been reported in these countries, suggesti ... | 2015 | 26452392 |
| cytokine profiles and cell proliferation responses to truncated orf2 protein in iranian patients recovered from hepatitis e infection. | background. the aim of this study was to evaluate hepatitis e virus (hev) specific cellular immune responses to truncated orf2 protein in iranian patients recovered from hev infection. information about hev-specific immune responses could be useful in finding an effective way for development of hev vaccine. methods. a truncated form of hev orf2 protein containing amino acids 112-608 was used to stimulate peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmcs) separated from hev-recovered and control groups. ... | 2015 | 26451149 |
| [hepatitis e infections in rheumatology. a previously underestimated infectious disease?]. | the detection and estimation of hepatitis e have greatly changed in recent years. an increasing number of hepatitis e virus (hev) infections, which were acquired in europe and knowledge on chronic hepatitis e in immunosuppressed patients, give this infectious disease a new significance in industrial nations in contrast to the previous assumption of merely being a tropical disease with an acute course. rheumatology patients under immunosuppressive therapy generally have an increased risk of infec ... | 2015 | 26450437 |
| hepatitis e virus exposure is increased in pork butchers from burkina faso. | we conducted the first survey of zoonotic risk of hepatitis e virus (hev) transmissions in ouagadougou, burkina faso, through the direct contact with pork meat during professional activity. anti-hev antibodies were more prevalent in pork butchers, 76% than in the general population, which was 47.8% in 2013 (odds ratio = 3.46, 95% ci = 2.85-4.21, p < 0.001). among slaughter-aged swine, hev seroprevalence was of 80%, and hev rna was detected in 1% of pork livers. phylogenetic analysis pointed out ... | 2015 | 26438027 |
| [hepatitis e virus seroprevalence: a reappraisal]. | reported seroprevalence of hepatitis e virus (hev) in developed countries is between 0.3-53%. published data relies on the assays used and its technical performance. sensitivity on new available tests has improved, which has changed hev seroprevalence around the world. we re-evaluated retrospectively, 178 serum samples of patients with previous anti hev igg determination between 2009 and 2012. initial analysis was performed with elisa kit genelabs (singapore), with 7.3% positivity. the reevaluat ... | 2015 | 26436799 |
| neurologic disorders in immunocompetent patients with autochthonous acute hepatitis e. | neurologic disorders, mainly guillain-barré syndrome and parsonage–turner syndrome (pts), have been described in patients with hepatitis e virus (hev) infection in industrialized and developing countries. we report a wider range of neurologic disorders in nonimmunocompromised patients with acute hev infection. data from 15 french immunocompetent patients with acute hev infection and neurologic disorders were retrospectively recorded from january 2006 through june 2013. the disorders could be div ... | 2015 | 26490255 |
| avian hepatitis e virus infection in organic layers. | between 2012 and 2014, 141 chickens from 10 organic layer flocks with a history of severe drop in egg production (up to 40%) and slight increased mortality (up to 1% per week) were submitted to the avian health and food safety laboratory (puyallup, wa). at necropsy, the most common finding was pinpoint white foci on the liver and regressed ova without any other remarkable lesions. histologically, there was multifocal mild-to-severe acute necrotizing hepatitis present. no significant bacteria wer ... | 2015 | 26478157 |
| [chronic hepatitis e virus infection and treatment in organ transplant recipients]. | hepatitis e, caused by hepatitis e virus (hev) infection, usually leads to an acute clinical course, and is the most common diagnosis among cases of acute viral hepatitis. from 2008, there have been increasing reports of chronic hev infection in immunocompromised patients such as organ transplant recipients. without intervention with antiviral treatment, approximately 60% of hev infections in organ transplant recipients evolve into chronic hev infections. of these chronic hepatitis e patients, 1 ... | 2015 | 26470537 |
| [cloning and sequence analyses of genome of swine hepatitis e virus(hev) hn-jy40 strains isolated from henan province]. | in the present study, the genomic sequence characteristics of hn-jy40 strains of the hepatitis e virus (hev) isolated from pigs in henan province, china, were analyzed and the evolutionary relationship between hn-jy40 and other sequenced strains examined. the whole genome of hn-jy40 was sequenced and analyzed by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, 3' rapid amplification of cdna ends (3' race) and 5' race. bioinformatic analyses were carried out with megalign, expasy, clustal x, and ... | 2015 | 26470527 |
| role of tlr gene expression and cytokine profiling in the immunopathogenesis of viral hepatitis e. | the clinical manifestations of hepatitis e virus (hev) range from self-limiting acute viral hepatitis (avh) to acute liver failure (alf). the varied clinical course is thought to be immune-mediated. toll-like receptors (tlrs) play a central role in sensing and initiating innate antiviral-response and downstream signaling of tlrs modulates cytokine production, thereby playing an important role in determining the disease course. | 2015 | 26512422 |
| anti-hepatitis e antibody in hemodialysis patients in isfahan, iran: prevalence and risk factors. | many studies have been performed regarding the prevalence of hepatitis e in the general population, but there is controversial evidence for an increased risk of the infection in patients on maintenance hemodialysis (hd). | 2015 | 26500681 |
| epidemiology of hepatitis e virus in european countries. | over the last decade the seroprevalence of immunoglobulin (igg) anti hepatitis e virus (hev) has been increasing in european countries and shows significant variability among different geographical areas. in this review, we describe the serological data concerning the general population and risk groups in different european countries. anti-hev antibody prevalence ranged from 1.3% (blood donors in italy) to 52% (blood donors in france). various studies performed on risk groups in denmark, moldova ... | 2015 | 26516843 |
| belgian wildlife as potential zoonotic reservoir of hepatitis e virus. | hepatitis e is an acute human liver disease in healthy individuals but may become chronic in immunocompromised patients. it is caused by the hepatitis e virus (hev) and can have a zoonotic origin, particularly in high-income countries. in this study, 383 sera from wild boars were selected for serology; for virological analyses, 69 sera and 61 livers from young wild boars were used. a total of 189 and 235 sera of, respectively, red deer and roe deer were collected for serological analysis. for vi ... | 2015 | 26518619 |
| acute hepatitis e virus in pregnant women in israel and in other industrialized countries. | acute hepatitis e virus (hev) is the most common etiology of viral hepatitis in adults in developing countries. hev is rare in industrialized countries but its incidence is rising both in returning travelers and through autochthonous infection. in developing countries hev is associated with a high rate of fulminant hepatitis and mortality during pregnancy and contributes to poor obstetric and fetal outcomes. there are no reliable data on the outcome of hev during pregnancy in industrialized coun ... | 2015 | 26521225 |
| requirement of the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4f complex in hepatitis e virus replication. | hepatitis e virus (hev) infection, one of the foremost causes of acute hepatitis, is becoming a health problem of increasing magnitude. as other viruses, hev exploits elements from host cell biochemistry, but we understand little as to which components of the human hepatocellular machinery are perverted for hev multiplication. it is, however, known that the eukaryotic translation initiation factors 4f (eif4f) complex, the key regulator of the mrna-ribosome recruitment phase of translation initia ... | 2015 | 26526587 |
| [clinical feature analysis of 334 chronic hepatitis b patients coinfected with hepatitis e virus]. | 2015 | 26524366 | |
| unusual serological response to hepatitis e virus in plasma donors consistent with re-infection. | hepatitis e virus (hev)-positive plasma donations, identified by a plasma mini-pool screening approach, were analysed using serological methods for the presence of anti-hev igm and igg. avidity testing was performed on the igg-reactive donations. anti-hev igg with high avidity was observed in two donors together with high viral loads, but with the absence of anti-hev igm. these data are suggestive of re-infection in a small proportion of plasma donors, which has not previously been reported. | 2015 | 26031310 |
| viral and antibody prevalence of hepatitis e in european wild boars (sus scrofa) and hunters at zoonotic risk in the latium region. | hepatitis e virus (hev) is a member of the genus hepevirus within the family hepeviridae. hepatitis e is recognized as a zoonosis, and swine and wild boars (sus scrofa) are known reservoirs of hev infection. the aim of this study was to investigate the presence of hev in wild boars and hunters exposed to infection in central italy (latium region). during the hunting season, blood samples were collected from 228 wild boars and 20 hunters. the seroprevalence of hev infection was determined using a ... | 2015 | 26025105 |
| comparable quality attributes of hepatitis e vaccine antigen with and without adjuvant adsorption-dissolution treatment. | most vaccines require adjuvants for antigen stabilization and immune potentiation. aluminum-based adjuvants are the most widely used adjuvants for human vaccines. previous reports demonstrated the preservation of antigen conformation and other antigen characteristics after recovery from adjuvanted hepatitis b and human papillomavirus vaccines. in this study, we used a combination of various physiochemical and immunochemical methods to analyze hepatitis e vaccine antigen quality attributes after ... | 2015 | 26018442 |
| [prevalence of hepatitis e markers in children]. | frequency of detection determination for past and current hepatitis e virus (hev) infection markers in children with immune suppression, as well as children with normal immune status. | 2015 | 26016342 |
| retraction. rna transcripts of full-length cdna clones of rabbit hepatitis e virus are infectious in rabbits. | 2015 | 26015321 | |
| detection and molecular characterisation of swine hepatitis e virus in brescia province, italy. | hepatitis e virus (hev) is an important public health concern in many developing countries and it occurs in sporadic forms in industrialized areas. with the discovery of swine hev in pigs, which is genetically closely related to human hev, hepatitis e is considered to be a zoonotic disease. to investigate the circulation of hev within a distinct area of lombardy region (northern italy), 17 pig farms were subjected to monitoring study by collection of fresh stool samples each represented by groun ... | 2015 | 27800394 |
| hepatitis e virus genotype 3 diversity: phylogenetic analysis and presence of subtype 3b in wild boar in europe. | an increasing number of indigenous cases of hepatitis e caused by genotype 3 viruses (hev-3) have been diagnosed all around the word, particularly in industrialized countries. hepatitis e is a zoonotic disease and accumulating evidence indicates that domestic pigs and wild boars are the main reservoirs of hev-3. a detailed analysis of hev-3 subtypes could help to determine the interplay of human activity, the role of animals as reservoirs and cross species transmission. although complete genome ... | 2015 | 26008708 |
| molecular investigation on the presence of hepatitis e virus (hev) in wild game in north-western italy. | meat products from hev-infected reservoir animal species are capable of transmitting hev to humans and represent a public health concern. human hev cases have been linked to the consumption of raw or undercooked pig liver sausages, pork, and game meats, such as wild boars and deer worldwide. direct exposure to swine or wild game species might also represent a source of hev transmission especially for veterinarians, hunters, or butchers. a limited amount of data is available on hev prevalence in ... | 2015 | 26006251 |
| a 1-year quantitative survey of noro-, adeno-, human boca-, and hepatitis e viruses in raw and secondarily treated sewage from two plants in norway. | a study of enteric viruses in raw and treated sewage from two secondary treatment plants, which received sewage from oslo city (plant a) and small municipalities in hedmark county in norway (plant b), showed high levels of noro-, adeno-, and bocavirus throughout the year. a seasonal variation was observed for adeno- and gii norovirus with higher levels during winter and bocavirus that had more positive samples during winter. the virus concentrations in raw sewage were comparable in the two plant ... | 2015 | 26003323 |
| [the establishment of high-throughput neutralization titer evaluation model for hepatitis e virus (hev)]. | the lack of effective in vitro infection model for hepatitis e virus (hev) has greatly hindered the quantitative analysis of neutralizing titers of anti-hev antibodies and human sera, thus impeding further studies of hev-stimulated antibody responses and the immunological mechanisms. in order to improve this situation, the infection of hepg2 cells that are inefficient for hev replication was continuously monitored until the viral load reached the limit of detection on day 13, the results of whic ... | 2015 | 25997322 |
| notes from the field: hepatitis e outbreak among refugees from south sudan - gambella, ethiopia, april 2014-january 2015. | in early april 2014, two south sudanese refugees in the gambella region of western ethiopia experienced acute onset of jaundice, accompanied by fever. one patient was a pregnant woman aged 24 years evaluated at a routine prenatal clinic visit in leitchour refugee camp. the second patient was a malnourished boy aged 1 year who resided in tierkidi refugee camp. the boy died despite hospitalization. during the last 2 weeks of may, four more cases of acute jaundice syndrome (ajs), defined as yellow ... | 2015 | 25996097 |
| seroprevalence in blood donors reveals widespread, multi-source exposure to hepatitis e virus, southern france, october 2011. | the apparent seroprevalence of hepatitis e virus (hev)varies greatly among developed countries depending on the geographical area and the sensitivity of immunoassays. we used a validated assay to determine the prevalence of hev igg and igm antibodies among 3,353 blood donors living in southern france,who gave blood during the two first weeks of october 2011 and participated in the study. demographic and epidemiological information was collected using aspecific questionnaire. we also screened 591 ... | 2015 | 25990359 |
| survival and elimination of hepatitis e virus: a review. | recently, foodborne transmission of hepatitis e virus (hev) has become a concern due to the identification of undercooked pork products as a risk factor for infection. the limited number of studies which have been performed indicate that hev could remain infectious at temperatures used in some cooking regimes, although inactivation by heating at 71 °c for 20 min has been demonstrated. there are significant gaps in our knowledge regarding the survival of hev in foods and the environment (includin ... | 2015 | 25989918 |
| seroprevalence of hepatitis e virus infection in the irish pig population. | hepatitis e is an acute viral disease of humans, occurring in explosive outbreaks in the developing world and as sporadic cases in returning travellers. increasing recognition of indigenous transmission in western countries suggests a zoonotic source of infection, most likely pigs. to determine if hepatitis e virus is present in irish pigs, sera from 330 animals were examined for antibodies using a commercially available elisa. | 2015 | 25977752 |
| epidemiology of domestically acquired hepatitis e virus infection in japan: assessment of the nationally reported surveillance data, 2007-2013. | in recent years, there has been an increase in the number of reported hepatitis e virus (hev) infections from developed countries. to describe recent trends in notification and potential risk groups and risk factors in japan, hev infection cases and demographic, food consumption, clinical and laboratory data reported during 2007-2013 were analysed. in total, 530 hev infections were reported during 2007-2013. amongst 462 domestic cases, the mean age was 56.5 years (sd 13.9) and 80.1 % were male. ... | 2015 | 25976003 |
| association of hepatitis e virus and essential cryoglobulinemia? | 2015 | 25959152 | |
| comparative sensitivity of commercial tests for hepatitis e genotype 3 virus antibody detection. | hepatitis e virus (hev) acute infection is often diagnosed only by anti-hev igm elisa methods, whose sensitivity varies, according to different reports. reports assessing the specificity of commercial assays for anti-hev igg testing are scarce, and estimates of sensitivity and specificity are both controversial. the aim of this work is to assess the sensitivity of different commercial techniques for hev genotype 3 antibody (anti-hev) igm and igg detection in entirely specific sample panels inclu ... | 2015 | 25959136 |
| virus safety of islet cell transplantation from transgenic pigs to marmosets. | transplantation of pig islet cells for the treatment of diabetes may be a more effective approach compared with the application of insulin. however, before introduction into the clinic, efficacy and safety of this treatment have to be shown. non-human primate models may be used for this, despite the fact that they are characterised by several limitations. here we investigate the prevalence of porcine endogenous retroviruses (pervs), which are present in the genome of all pigs and which may infec ... | 2015 | 25956348 |
| presence of pathogenic enteric viruses in illegally imported meat and meat products to eu by international air travelers. | one hundred twenty two meat samples confiscated from passengers on flights from non-european countries at the international airport of bilbao (spain) were tested for the presence of the main foodborne viral pathogens (human noroviruses genogroups i and ii, hepatitis a and e viruses) during 2012 and 2013. a sample process control virus, murine norovirus, was used to evaluate the correct performance of the method. overall, 67 samples were positive for at least one enteric viruses, 65 being positiv ... | 2015 | 25951793 |
| first report of hepatitis e virus infection in sika deer in china. | hepatitis e virus (hev), a single stranded rna, nonenveloped virus, belongs to the genus hepevirus, in the family of hepeviridae. in this study, 46 (5.43%) out of the 847 serum samples from sika deer (cervus nippon) were detected as seropositive with hepatitis e virus (hev) by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (elisa). these samples were collected from inner mongolia and jilin and heilongjiang provinces in china, between october 2012 and october 2013. seroprevalence of hev infection in male and ... | 2015 | 25949999 |
| seroprevalence and risk factors of hepatitis e virus infection among children in china. | hepatitis e virus (hev) infection is an important public health concern worldwide, especially in developing countries, causing waterborne outbreaks as well as sporadic autochthonous hepatitis. china is usually considered to be a hev-endemic area, but the prevalence of hev infection in children in mainland china remains unclear. between may 2013 and july 2014, a cross-sectional study was conducted to estimate the seroprevalence and potential risk factors associated with the acquisition of hev inf ... | 2015 | 25940435 |
| [development and assessment of a chemiluminescence assay kit for detecting anti-hev igg]. | to develop an anti-hepatitis e virus (anti-hev) igg chemiluminescence assay kit and assess its clinical application. | 2015 | 25940294 |
| enhanced humoral response in pregnant mice immunized with liposome encapsulated recombinant neutralizing epitope protein of hepatitis- e virus. | pregnant women from developing countries are at high-risk of hepatitis e-associated high mortality and constitute priority population for vaccination. so far, candidate vaccines have not been evaluated during pregnancy. we evaluated our vaccine candidate, recombinant neutralizing epitope protein (rnep) encapsulated in liposomes, in pregnant mice. | 2015 | 25935713 |
| generation of hepatitis e virus-like particles of two new genotypes g5 and g6 and comparison of antigenic properties with those of known genotypes. | in addition to the four major genotypes (g1 through g4) known for human hepatitis e virus (hev), two new genotypes (g5 and g6) were suggested, based on unique viral nucleotide sequences derived from wild boars in japan. it has been unknown whether the virus of these new genotypes can cause hepatitis in humans; neither g5 nor g6 hev has been found in patients to date. to study the antigenic properties of g5 and g6 hev, we expressed n-terminus-truncated hev orf2 protein by a recombinant baculoviru ... | 2015 | 25934534 |
| swine is a possible source of hepatitis e virus infection by comparative study of hepatitis a and e seroprevalence in thailand. | hepatitis a virus (hav) and hepatitis e virus (hev) infection in developing countries are associated with contaminated food or water. although thailand is non-endemic for hev, sporadic infections may occur from zoonotic transmission. individuals between 7 months to 69 years (mean age = 32.8) from predominantly islamic narathiwat (n = 305) and swine farm-dense lop buri (n = 416) provinces were screened for anti-hev and anti-hav antibodies by commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and automa ... | 2015 | 25927925 |
| monkeys and rats are not susceptible to ferret hepatitis e virus infection. | ferret hepatitis e virus (hev), a novel hepatitis e-like virus, has been identified in ferrets in the netherlands, japan, and the us. to determine whether ferret hev transmits to other animals, we inoculated laboratory rats (wistar), nude rats (long-evans-rnu/rnu), and cynomolgus monkeys with ferret hev (f4351) by intravenous injection. none of the animals demonstrated a positive sign for virus replication, indicating that rats and monkeys are not susceptible to ferret hev. | 2015 | 25925280 |
| the application of single strand conformation polymorphism (sscp) analysis in determining hepatitis e virus intra-host diversity. | genetic heterogeneity of rna populations influences virus pathogenesis, epidemiology and evolution. therefore, accurate information regarding virus genetic structure is highly important for both diagnostic and scientific purposes. for the hepatitis e virus (hev), the causal agent of hepatitis in humans, the intra-host population structure has been poorly investigated, mainly using the less sensitive rflp-based approach. the objective of this study was to assess the suitability and the accuracy o ... | 2015 | 25920567 |
| hepatitis e virus of subtype 3a in a pig farm, south-eastern france. | hepatitis e virus (hev) has emerged during the past decade as a causative agent of autochthonous hepatitis and is a clinical concern in western developed countries. it has been increasingly recognized that pigs are a major reservoir of hev of genotypes 3 and 4 worldwide and pig-derived food items represent a potential source of infections by these viruses in humans. hepatitis e virus rna testing was performed here on faeces from rectal swabs sampled in 2012 from 50 3-month-old farm pigs from the ... | 2015 | 26102074 |
| [hepatitis e--overview of the latest knowledge]. | hepatitis e (he) is a ubiquitous infection, occurring both in developing and in developed countries. it is caused by the hepatitis e virus (hev), a small, non-enveloped rna virus. the reported incidence in the czech republic in 2013 was 2 cases per 100,000 inhabitants and the number of he cases has been growing over the past years. besides the long known fecal-oral transmission, zoonotic and blood product transmission of hev has recently been observed in industrialized countries. most infections ... | 2015 | 26099610 |