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effects of locally applied chemicals on transretinal potential and horizontal cells in the isolated carp retina i. amino acids.experiments were performed on isolated retinas of teh carp (cyprinus carpio) to investigate the effects of locally applied amino acids on the transretinal potential and the membrane potential of horizontal cells. a minute quantity of each solution of an amino acid was applied locally at different layers by means of pressure-microinjection. the responses were induced by alternating central and annular stimuli of white light. amino acids applied locally at the distal layer (receptor surface or out ...1978567342
synthesis of carp proinsulin in xenopus oocytes.total poly(a)-containing rna from brockmann boides of carp (cyprinus carpio) directs the synthesis of authentic carp proinsulin in xenopus oocytes. neither preproinsulin nor further processing of the proinsulin to insulin can be detected in the oocytes.1978668692
the effect of methallibure (i.c.i. 33,828) on the steriodogenesis in the ovary and testis of a fresh water teleost, cyprinus carpio.methallibure treatment of mature cyprinus carpio causes a marked reduction in the steroidogenesis, as indicated by the fall in 3beta-hsd activity in the gonads. significance of these results is discussed.1978658313
effects of extrinsic horizontal cell polarization on spike discharges in the carp retina. 1978656935
an electrophysiological study on the cholinergic system in the carp retina.the effects on spike discharges of acetylcholine chloride (ach), applied electrophoretically at the inner plexiform layer, were examined in air-exposed and superfused preparations of the isolated carp retina. most of spike-generating units examined (147 of 204 units; 72%) were sensitive to electrophoretically applied ach. among the ach-sensitive ones, 125 units (85%), including all on-center, most on-off and two-thirds of off-center units, were activated, whereas 22 units (15%), including mainly ...1978656934
dual actions of some amino acids on spike discharges in the carp retina.the effects of some amino acids (glu, gly and gaba), applied in 3 different manners (electrophoretically, in the superfusate and by pressure-microinjection), were investigated on spontaneous and light-induced spike discharges in the isolated carp retina. when applied electrophoretically or by pressure-microinjection in the inner plexiform layer (ipl), the agents acted directly on spike-generating units. electrophoretic application of glu at ipl consistently increased while gly and gaba always de ...1978656933
lipid adaptation in liver mitochondrial membranes of carp acclimated to different environmental temperatures: phospholipid composition, fatty acid pattern and cholesterol content.the lipid fraction of liver mitochondria has been studied in carp acclimated to high and low environmental temperatures. evidence is provided for a temperature-induced lipid adaptation which might control membrane fluidity. this supports suggestions made in a recent communication on temperature-induced changes in the arrhenius functions of mitochondrial oxidase systems from carp liver ((wodtke, e. (1976) j. comp. physiol. 110, 145--157). the results of the analysis of lipid composition are: the ...1978656457
appraisal of the pam cell effect as a diagnostic test for multiple sclerosis.the selective reduction of pam cell yield reported by carp and associates in the presence of tissue from patients with multiple sclerosis (ms) has been attributed to replication in culture of a viral agent associated with ms (msaa). we investigated the diagnostic potential of the pam cell effect in ms and in optic neuritis (on). six serum and 7 csf samples from 7 patients with ms, 3 serum and 3 csf samples from 4 patients with idiopathic on, and 4 sera from 4 patients with on induced by ethambut ...1978727719
[experimental transmission of spring viraemia of carp through carp lice (angulus foliaceus)]. 1978696075
thermodynamic investigations of proteins. iv. calcium binding protein parvalbumin.the conformational transitions of calcium binding protein parvalbumin iii from carp muscle were studied by scanning calorimetry, potentiometric titration and isothermal calorimetric titration. changes of gibbs energy, enthalpy and partial heat capacity were determined. the removal of calcium ions by edta is accompanied by 1) a heat absorption of 75 +/- 10 kj per mole of the protein, 2) a decrease in the gibbs energy of protein structure stabilisation of about 42 kj mol-1 and 3) a decrease in the ...197827259
[effect of total and prolonged starvation on the acid soluble nucleotides in carp liver].the composition of the acid soluble nucleotide pool of carp liver was determined by column chromatography, and its changes were followed during prolonged total fast. total prolonged starvation caused substantial changes in the distribution of hepatocyte free nucleotides. eleven months of starvation caused a reduction in the concentration of di- and triphosphate nucleosides as well as a diminution of the oxido-reduction of the hepatocyte. only pyrimidine nucleoside monophosphates remained at conc ...197827315
[diploid radiation gynogenesis in carp. iii. analysis of gynogenetic progeny by biochemical markers].studies have been carried out on carp gynogenetic offspring by four autosome genes: tf (transferrin), est(s) (muscle esterases, slow), est(f) (muscle esterases, fast), my (myogenes). homozygosity and phenotypical homogeneity by all the loci studied are established for carps of the second generation of the induced gynogenesis. in the first generation obtained from heterozygous females, the correlation of homozygous offspring of two classes corresponding to the theoretically expected one (1:1). he ...1978658664
the effect of chronic exposure to 238pu(iv) citrate on the embryonic development of carp and fathead minnow eggs. 1978566735
[effect of haemogregarina on the body of carp]. 1978418561
calcium sensitivity of mantle muscle of squid.ca2+-sensitivity of squid muscle proteins was studied by competition tests between squid actin and carp myosin on squid myosin b and by cross combination tests between squid myosin and actin and between carp myosin and squid thin filament fraction. the results suggest that the regulatory system of the squid mantle muscle is actin-linked as in skeletal muscle rather than myosin-linked. this view is supported by the presence of troponin-like components on sds-disc electrophoresis of squid thin fil ...1978149115
[toxicity of lead nitrate to the carp (cyprinus carpio l.). effect on respiratory metabolism and histological structure of gill lamellae (author's transl)].oxygen uptake of gills was estimated after lead poisoning of the carp. histological structure of gill lamellae was also examined. oxygen uptake quickly decreased after two weeks then increased again in long term poisoning without total recovery. on the other hand, desquamation of the gill epithelium was observed as well as proliferation of mast cells probably loaded with lead. the return to clean water for eleven weeks, allowed the lamellar epithelium recovery but not the mast cells elimination.1978741474
binding of calcium by parvalbumin fragments.parvalbumin fragments from carp pi 4.47 parvalbumin corresponding to its residues 1--75 and 76--108 bind ca2+ with affinities corresponding to kd 0.9 . 10(-4) m and kd 3 . 10(-3) m, respectively.1978623786
polymorphism of parvalbumins and tissue distribution: characterization of component i, isolated from red muscles of cyprinus carpio l.the component i isolated from carp red muscle has been characterized as a true parvalbumin, fairly different from carp parvalbumins described so far. the protein is antigenically related to the parvalbumin iii from pike, which belongs to the so called parvalbumin lineage alpha. immunological investigations on the location of the various carp parvalbumins reveal genuine variation in the pattern of these proteins according to organ and type of muscular tissue.197875026
the receptive field structure of visual cells from the optic tectum of the freshwater perch (perca fluviatilis).recordings from the intrinsic tectal cells of the perch have allowed a classification of visual units on the basis of receptive field type. comparisons with retinal and tectal cells in carp, goldfish, pike, trout and in the anura were made. most striking are cells with vertical bar-shaped features forming part of the r.f. the relation between the receptive fields of units lying adjacent within the tectum, suggests that parts of the same pattern are derived from cells within the same vertical col ...1978626899
inhibition of gluconeogenesis and glucagon-induced hyperglycemia in carp (cyprinus carpio l.). 1978631544
isolation and quantitative determination of sex hormones in carps (cyprinus carpio l.).changes in the oestrogen and progesterone level in the blood and ovarian tissue of mature carps from fish farms were examined using gas chromatographic method, before and after spawning as well as under wintering. due to the high individual variation the observations cannot be regarded as quantitative. the highest oestrogen level was found before spawning, both in the ovaries and the blood, this level was somewhat lower after spawning and did not show any further change under wintering. the rest ...1978754414
[histological and histochemical studies on the detection of the esogaster in the agastric cyprinidae aristichthys nobilis rich. (marble carp)].in postnatal aristichthys nobilis rich. oesogaster was proved by histological and histochemical methods. during the larval development oesogaster becomes reduced completely in cranial direction. the statement is demonstrating the secondary character of lost stomach in phylogeny of this fish species.1978753692
[experimental poisoning of carp fingerlings (cyprinus carpio l.) with the herbicidal preparation, lasagrin (alachlor)].the acute intoxication of k1 carp (cyprinus carpio l.) with the herbicide preparation lassagrin (alachlor) was studied under experimental conditions in a laboratory. used were a total of 360 young carps of 10 g each, measuring 9-10 cm. the experiments were carried out in 30-1 glass aquariums that were preliminary filled with water that was adequately heated and deprived of chlorine at ph = 6.9, t0c = 18-20 degrees c, o2 = 10.4 mg/1; hardness = 1.5 german degrees. the preparation was directly pla ...1978741634
cell types and glycoprotein cytochemistry in the carp adenohypophysis (cyprinus carpio l.). 1978737674
[structural and immunochemical studies on carp (cyprinus carpio l.) immunoglobulins. iv. in vitro reassociation of carp immunoglobulin].mildly reduced high molecular immunoglobulin and antibody of carp with tetrameric structure, carbohydrate content of 6 to 7% and absence of j-chain can reassociate to native molecules. the disulphide bonds between subunits and polypeptide chains are sensitive and can be completly splitted by treatment with only 1 mm dte. one half of the immunoglobulins retained their high molecular structure as expression of strong non-covalent bonds between subunits of the tetrameric molecule. the other half of ...1978735618
latency measurement of the color coded s-potentials in the carp retina. 1978726289
[comparative characteristics of neuronal response in the vagus and facial nerve lobes of carp medulla oblongata to chemoreceptor stimulation].the unit activity in the vagal lobe of medulla oblongata in response to stimulation of the mouth cavity and gills chemoreceptors with solutions of hydrochloric acid and sodium chloride was studied in immobilized carps and compared with those in the facial lobe in response to skin chemoreceptors stimulation. the firing rate in the vagal lobe is lower and the latent period is longer than in the facial lobe. the level of the chemical stimuli gradations analysis is different in two parts of the chem ...1978724004
body colour response of the carp (cyprinus carpio) during asphyxia.the body colour of immobilized carp was photoelectrically measured simultaneously with heart rate in order to examine one of the effects of asphyxia on autonomic functions of the cutaneous region. 1) asphyxia induced marked body colour darkening and bradycardia. 2) adequate increase in cardiac vagal activity was recorded during asphyxic bradycardia. 3) after atropine injection, body colour darkening, as in intact fish, was observed during asphyxia while heart rate was not changed. 4) after trans ...1978713179
[ultrastructural and histochemical aspects of the rodlet cells from the bulbus arteriosus of cyprinus carpio l. (pisces: cyprinidae) (author's transl)].morphological details of the "stäbchendrüsenzellen" (plehn), rodlet cells syn. pear-shaped cells of the endothel from the bulbus arterious of carps were studied in the electron microscope. from morphological characteristics, especially from the development of desmosomes with adjacent endothelial cells, it becomes evident, that the cells in question, which are very common in teleostei, are not of parasitic nature. specific protrusions of the apical cell poles towards the arterial lumen are indica ...1978686392
uptake and accumulation of 14c-rotenone in carp. 1978635235
carp connectin: amino acid composition.an elastic protein, connectin, was prepared from carp skeletal muscle by the alkaline method with some modifications; collagen contaminations were exhaustively extracted with 1 n acetic acid and hot phenol treatment was omitted. this connectin preparation contained a considerable amount of tryptophan, but almost completely lacked hydroxyproline.1978624709
effects of starvation on the oocytes of cyprinus carpio--a cytomorphological and histochemical study.effects of induced starvation on the morphology of the oocytic nucleus in cyprinus carpio have been studied to assess the nature of structural aberrations caused and the adaptations induced in the oocytes during the period of stress on account of inanition. an attempt has also been made to study the fate of a number of metabolites during this period. it has also been observed that the nuclear membrane undergoes partial or complete degeneration and there is a proliferation in the number of nucleo ...1978567447
stimulation of the olfactory epithelium with odorants in gaseous and aqueous phases.the olfactory epithelia of the bullfrog and the carp were stimulated with various odorants in the gaseous and/or aqueous phases. some ionic solutions were also applied. 1. by recording the induced waves in the olfactory bulb, it was shown that the bullfrog responds to odorants in the two phases, but the carp can respond only to odorants in the aqueous phase. 2. comparison of the stimulative effects of the same odorants in the two phases were made in the bullfrog. although various response patter ...1978308566
ionic stimulation of the olfactory epithelium in the bullfrog and the carp.the stimulating effects of mono- and divalent cations and anions were studied in the olfactory epithelia of the bullfrog and the carp. the rhythmic waves induced by these ions were recorded in the olfactory bulb. 1. many mono- and divalent cations and anions showed stimulating actions in the bullfrog and the carp. 2. microelectrode studies disclosed that the olfactory receptor cells respond to different ions differently. 3. when many ions were applied with various concentrations, responses appea ...1978308565
effects of gustatory stimulants upon the olfactory epithelium of the bullfrog and the carp.effects of various gustatory stimulants upon the olfactory spithelia were examined in the olfactory bulb of the bullfrog and the carp. 1. the olfactory epithelia of the two animals responded to the salty, bitter- and acid-tasting substances, but not to the sweet ones. 2. the olfactory epithelium of the bullfrog responded immediately to sodium solutions of high concentrations (the "initial response"), but the response to those of low concentrations showed long latency (the "delayed response"). in ...1978308564
displaced ganglion cells in carp retina revealed by the horseradish peroxidase technique.displaced ganglion cells were identified in the carp retina by the retrograde axonal transport of horseradish peroxidase injected into the optic tectum. cells in the ganglion cell layer were all labelled, while in the amacrine cell layer only 1/4000 cells were labelled. because of such low population, it is unlikely to penetrate displaced ganglion cells by microelectrodes. the present finding suggests that the spiking cells frequently recorded in the inner nuclear layer are genuine amacrine cell ...197819605210
extraocular muscle representation in the brainstem of the carp.the representation of the extraocular muscles in the oculomotor nuclei in the brainstem of the carp was studied with the horseradish peroxidase technique. some normal anatomical features of the various oculomotor nuclei are described. following intramuscular hrp injections in the eye muscles and applying survival times of up to 25 days labeled perikarya were found in the various nuclei of the oculomotor complex. rectus inferior, rectus internus, and obliquus inferior are represented in the ipsil ...1978641230
polymorphism of a, b and c loci of lactate dehydrogenase in european fish species of the cyprinidae family.in 24 fish species of the cyprinidae family, belonging to 21 genera, isoenzyme patterns of lactate dehydrogenase (ldh) were determined, which could be classified in the majority of cases into 3 main groups. isoenzyme patterns in natural hybrids of roach and rudd, roach and bream, roach and bleak were also analysed. in bitterling, polymorphism was observed in b locus of ldh. in white bream polymorphism exists in the a locus. in bream, rudd, silver carp and barbel polymorphism was found in c loci. ...1978751530
the effect of training on the swimming muscles of the goldfish (carassius auratus).goldfish (carassius auratus) were exercised continuously for periods of 28 days at swimming speeds of 1.5, 3.0 and 4.5 body lengths per second and their rates of growth were determined. changes in muscle fibre size were examined, as were changes which occurred in the concentrations of the major chemical constituents of these cells. these fish, typical of the carp family in that they are found only in still or slowly moving water, did not adapt well to the flowing water environment at any swimmin ...1978670869
distribution of fibres reacting with an alpha-endorphin antiserum in the neurohypophysis of carassius auratus and cyprinus carpio.a strong positive immunoreaction with an alpha-endorphin antiserum occurs in two distinct sites of the goldfish and carp neurohypophysis. fluorescent nerve terminals are found in the laminar nerve processes located in the rostral pars distalis, but the immunocytological reaction is mainly localised on the nerve processes of the posterior neurohypophysis lying between the intermediate lobe cells. almost all the digitations of the neurohypophysis are strongly fluorescent. the immunoreactive fibres ...1978657242
fluorescence microscopic studies on sulphomucous of the alimentary canal in an indian freshwater major carp, cirrhinus mrigala (hamilton) by ferric alum-coriphosphine and coriphosphine-thiazol yellow methode. 1978714255
retinal ganglion cells in the crucian carp (carassius carassius). i. size and number of somata in eyes of different size.ganglion cell somata were drawn, measured and counted in flat-mounted crucian carp and goldfish retinas stained with cresyl violet or methylene blue. some diameter histograms suggest that the ganglion cells can be divided into two populations with overlapping soma sizes: a large group of small cells and a small group of large cells, the latter constituting 2.5-5% of all ganglion cells. with increasing distance from the optic disc the mean soma diameter increases while the ganglion cell density d ...197876639
[morphology of the endocrine portion of the teleost pancreas].endocrine component of the crucian (carassius carassius), carp (cyprinus carpio), tench (tinca tinca) and silurus (silurus glanis) pancreas is structurally organized in the form of pancreatic islets. gorbusha (oncorhynchus gorbuscha) has, besides the islets, some brockman's bodies. endocrine component of the pancreas of teleostei possesses a-, b-, d and acinar-islet cells "b". all types of cells are shoot-shaped and all have contacts with the capillaries. extrusion of the hormones from the endoc ...1978343755
comparative study of alpha-glucosidase activities in liver, plasma and urine of carp, rat and dog.1. ph profiles and activity levels of alpha-glucosidase from liver homogenate, plasma and urine of carp, rat and dog are investigated using a sensitive fluorometric method. 2. a strong "neutral" activity is found in the livers of all species, the significance of which is considered in the context of hydrolytic pathway for glycogen breakdown.1978400958
spring viremia of carp virus rna and virion-associated transcriptase activity.an rna-dependent rna polymerase activity has been demonstrated for spring viremia of carp virus (svcv). the optimal temperature for in vitro synthesis of rna was 20 to 25 degrees c. the svcv enzyme activity was stimulated when the methyl donor s-adenosyl-l-methionine was included in the reaction mixture. s-adenosyl-l-methionine was not particularly effective in stimulating the virion rna polymerase activity of vesicular stomatitis virus or pike fry rhabdovirus. the 5' nucleotide of the svcv vira ...1978565417
comparative levels of muscle glycolytic enzymes in mammals, fish, echinoderm and molluscs.1. levels of glycolytic enzymes were determined in terms of units of enzyme/mg protein in rat striated muscle, carp lateral muscle, holothuria longitudinal muscle of the body wall, and a snail foot muscle. 2. an attempt has been made to correlate levels of glycolytic enzymes as a parameter to establish a "biochemical distance" at molecular level and correlate this with the phylogenetic position in animals sufficiently separated in the animal tree of evolution. 3. the possibility of a peculiar ki ...1978318326
retinal ganglion cells in the crucian carp (carassius carassius). ii. overlap, shape and tangential orientation of dendritic trees.ganglion cells were studied in methylene blue stained flat-mounted retinas. three categories of cells are described: small (s) and large (l) ganglion cells in the main ganglion cell layer, and large ganglion cells (ld) with somata more or less displaced into the inner plexiform layer. these ld cells have two to four very thick primary dendrites and are identifiable as ganglion cells by their axons. an analysis of published data reveals that the large ganglion cells of the crucian carp (type l an ...1978346618
gonadotropic cells in the atlantic salmon, salmo salar. an experimental immunocytological, electron miscroscopical study.the gonadotropin-producing cells (gth-cells) in the atlantic salmon were studied light and electron microscopically before, during and after spawning, and after injections of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (lh-rh). the double immunofluorescent technique was applied using rabbit anti-carp gth as the first antibody. numerous immunofluorescent cells were observed throughout the pars distalis, but very few in the pars intermedia. these cells are basophilic and pas-positive, and ultrastructura ...1978354792
preparation and characterization of insulin of carp (cyprinus carpio).insulin of carp (cyprinus carpio) was isolated and crystallized. the insulin was biologically active in two tests; it decreased the blood glucose level and stimulated 14co2-formation from glucose. the chemical properties are similar to those of insulins from other species. the insulins of carp and of mammals differ greatly immunologically. antibodies against carp insulin crossreact with carp proinsulin.1978373345
a general method to assess similarity of protein structures, with applications to t4 bacteriophage lysozyme.a method is proposed that permits the structural similarity between any pair of proteins to be analyzed in a completely general manner. in the proposed procedure, all possible structural segments of a given length from one protein are compared with all possible segments from the other protein. this set of comparisons reveals any structural similarities between the two proteins being compared, and also provides a basis for estimating the probability that a particular degree of structural homology ...1978276859
[number of hydrogen bonds in the structure of collagen].the kinetics of hydrogen exchange of collagens from different animals was studied by the radioisotopic method (tritium) and infrared spectroscopy (deuterium). it has been shown that collagens from different animals (rat, pike, cod, carp, frogs) differ in amino acid composition and thermostability but are similar in the amount of slowly exchanged hydrogens. all the studied collagens have (1.00 +/- 0.05) very slowly exchanged hydrogens per triplet and (0.6 +/- 0.1) slowly exchanged hydrogens per t ...1978307113
effects of alloxan on orotic acid and glycogen content in various vertebrate species.alloxan treatment induces a decrease of orotic acid content in various organs of carp, frog, pigeon and rat, parallel to a decrease of liver and muscle glycogen content. loss of orotic acid and glycogen cannot be prevented by orotic acid and carbamyl phosphate given i.p. mice, rats and pigeons use up and excrete exogenous orotic acid rapidly, but carps and frogs accumulate it.1978307496
ovarian neoplasia in ornamental hybrid carp (nishikigoi) in japan.massive abdominal enlargements were observed in 21 adult carp 4--6 years old living in the breeding ponds of carp fisheries in northern japan. the abdominal enlargement rapidly increased, and the affected fish died within a few months. at necropsy, single or multiple tumors, 1.5--25 cm (average, 10.6 cm) in diameter, were found in the abdominal cavity. ovarian tissue was identified close to the tumors in 15 cases, and there was no evidence of anatomic continuity between the tumors and other visc ...1978212993
two calcium regulation systems in squid (ommastrephes sloani pacificus) muscle. preparation of calcium-sensitive myosin and troponin-tropomyosin.the ca-regulatory system in squid mantle muscle was studied. the findings were as follows. (a) squid mantle myosin b (squid myosin b) was ca-sensitive, and its ca-sensitivity was unaffected by addition of a large amount of rabbit skeletal myosin (skeletal myosin) or rabbit skeletal f-actin (skeletal f-actin). (b) squid myosin was prepared from the mantle muscle. it showed a heavy chain component and two light chain components in the sds-gel electrophoretic pattern: the molecular weights of the l ...1978153902
another case of human gnathostomiasis in indonesia.a male gnathostoma spinigerum was removed from the abdominal wall of a 29-year-old woman, who was in the habit of eating "naniura", a dish containing raw carp (cyprinus carpio). after the removal of the worm she still had pain in her chest and noticed intermittent swelling of her right lower arm. probably the patient still had one or more gnathostoma worms migrating in her body.1978155313
[host-virus relationship during experimental spring viremia in carp].one-summer-old virus-free carps produce both circulating interferon and neutralizing antibodies when stored at +20 degrees c and injected intraperitonealy with 10(5), 10(6), 10(7) p. f. u. of spring viremia of carp virus per fish: kinetics and intensity of interferon production are maximum for the highest virus imput (fig.) and neutralizing antibodies are present in most of the fish 2 1/2 months post infection (table).197896984
[antibiotic sensitivity of the bacterial flora in hemorrhagic septicemia in carp]. 197899867
preparation of peroxisomes from carp liver by zonal rotor density gradient centrifugation.peroxisomes from carp liver can be separated by isopycnic density gradient centrifugation in sucrose. without reaching complete sedimentation equilibrium, the purification by this method is quite successful. there is a 40-fold enrichment of catalase, the peroxisomal marker, with a total yield of 27%. no pretreatment of animals is necessary for separation from lysosomes, which, besides high fragility, show lower buoyant densities than peroxisomes. the enzyme content of carp liver peroxisomes is s ...197823363
partial trisomy of the short arm of chromosome 7 due to a familial translocation rcp(7;14)(p11;p11).a boy with trisomy of the short arm of chromosome 7 is reported. he presented several congenital malformations, such as: dolicocephaly; wide fontanelle; hypertelorism; antimongoloid slanting of the palpebral fissures; small, carp-shaped mouth; thin neck; extrinsic compression of the oesophagus; congenital dislocation of the shoulders and hips; and a possible cardiac defect. the proband's mother had a balanced translocation involving the short arm of chromosomes 7 and 14. in this family the trans ...1978699358
primary structure of hemoglobin from trout (salmo irideus). amino acid sequence of alpha chain of hb trout i.the amino acid sequence of the alpha chain of the hemoglobin component of trout's blood which is devoid of heterotropyc phenomena, i.e. hb trout i, is presented. the sequence has been determined by analyzing the soluble tryptic peptides obtained from the whole globin and the peptides obtained after redigesting the insoluble 'core' with chymotrypsin. alignment of the peptides with the structure of human as well as carp and catostomus clarkii alpha chains shows that hb trout i alpha chain differs ...1978708770
radioelectrophoresis: a specific microassay for parvalbumins. application to muscle biopsies from man and other vertebrates.a two-dimensional radioelectrophoretic method is described, by which parvalbumins from minute biopsy samples (approx. 50 mg) can be detected and quantitated by their 45ca2+-binding properties. in the first dimension, parvalbumins are purified by sieving through a gradient polyacrylamide gel and collected at the bottom of the electrophoresis tubes. the second dimension is a disc electrophoresis in the presence of 45ca2+. parvalbumins can thus be identified and quantitated by three criteria: low m ...1978718978
[demonstration of a rhabdovirus-carpio infection in the carp during autumn]. 1978747627
herpesvirus-associated epidermal hyperplasia in fish (carp). 1978751904
fluorine content of foods and the estimated daily intake from foods.the f content of rice, rye, bread, wheat flour, rolls and wheat bread was found to be: 0.42, 0.31, 0.28, 0.28 and 0.22 mg/kg raw weight, respectively. among foods of animal origin the f content of fish was the highest: mackerel in oil 7.28 mg, and carp 2.02 mg/kg. mutton contained 0.71, meat tissues of pig 0.36, other meats and meat tissues less than 0.36, while egg only 0.12 mg/kg raw weight. eight different dishes of soups, nine cooked vegetables and sauces, and ten other dishes of cooked food ...1978754477
neuronal architecture of on and off pathways to ganglion cells in carp retina.bipolar, amacrine, and ganglion cells of carp retina, stained intracellularly with procion yellow, can be divided into types a and b, according to the destination of terminals and dendritic trees in the inner plexiform layer (sublamina a and b, respectively). type a cells showed hyperpolarizing, or off, responses and type b cells depolarizing, or on, responses. carp thus resembles cat in the basic organization of on and off pathways in the retina.197773223
carp (cyprinus carpio) muscle fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase: purification and some properties.1. fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase from the white muscle tissue of the carp, cyprinus carpio l. was purified. 2. the mol. wt of the enzyme was 145,000. its subunit mol. wt was ca. 35,000. 3. the enzyme exhibited neutral ph optimum, activation by monovalent cations, and temperature-dependent allosteric amp inhibition. 4. carp muscle fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase was 10- to 30-fold more sensitive to amp inhibition than the carp liver enzyme. 5. the carp muscle enzyme was less sensitive to amp inhibition ...197745527
molecular evolution of glycogen phosphorylase and aminotransferases of vertebrate muscle tissue.comparative biochemical studies on phosphorylase b, aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase in muscles of various vertebrates (the lamprey lampetra fluviatilis, dogfish squalus acanthias, rays dasyatis pastinaca and raja clavata, teleosts scorpaena porcus, spicara smaris, esox lucius, tinca tinca, abramis brama, lucioperca lucioperca, cyprinus carpio, salmo ischchan, frog rana temporaria, tortoise testudo horsfieldi) revealed some peculiarties of their molecular evolution. it was ...197717251
pituitary cytology of the indian carp labeo rohita (ham.).in the adenohypophysis of labeo rohita eight cell types could be identified on the basis of their different tinctorial response to various staining techniques. the rostral pars distalis has 3 types of cells. type 1 is stained with erythrosin, orange g, and acid fuchsin. type 2 cells are lead hematoxylin positive and give an amphiphilic reaction in response to tri and tetrachrome techniques. type 3 cells are stainable with pas, ath, ab, af, and aniline blue and are distributed in an area comprise ...197776451
comparison of the composition and properties of natural actomyosin from carp (cyprinus carpio) and rabbit skeletal muscle. 1977137097
[integral proteins of the sarcoplasmic reticulum of rabbit and carp skeletal muscles]. 1977140043
[new species of infusoria of genus scyphidja (ciliata, peritricha) from fishes in kolkhid-anatolia area basins].two new species of the genus scyphidia are described. the species were collected in 1964-1966 on fishes from waters of the kolkhida-anatolijsky area. s. baninae was found on the skin of alosa caspia palaeostomi and s. doliaris - on the skin of cyprinus carpio.1977143644
regulatory proteins from dorsal muscle of the carp. 1977144727
genetic manipulation in higher organisms. i. goldfish ova as materials of operation, mrna mediated alteration of the liver specific isozymes.both crucian and carp egg-mrnas were found to mediate the transformation of goldfish tail from the double (veil-shaped) to the single (fork-shaped). livers of these single tailed goldfish were tested for genetic change using lactate dehydrogenase isozymes (ldh) as marker. electrophoresis of liver extracts on starch gel showed that the liver specific ldh-c4 isozymes of both the egg-mrna and liver-mrna injected goldfish resembled the control goldfish except an additional intermediate band. the mig ...1977272742
electron paramagnetic resonance study of carp methemoglobin.the g anisotropy of the epr spectra of carp azidomethemoglobin is found to be ph-dependent, whereas, the spectra of human azidomethemoglobin are not. the two hemoglobins have the same g values at alkaline ph values. crystal field analysis yielded values of 2.25 and 3.31, respectively, for the rhombic distortion, v/lambda, and the tetragonal distortion, delta/lambda. the spin orbit coupling constant is lambda. at ph 4.0 the values of v/lambda and delta/lambda for carp azidomethemoglobin became 1. ...1977190229
cellular distribution of sarcoplasmic calcium-binding proteins by immunofluorescence.specific antibodies against carp paravalbumin, crayfish calcium binding protein and crayfish arginine kinase were used for indirect immunofluorescence localization of the respective proteins. simultaneous staining of the same muscle sections with human serum containing anti-actin autoantibodies served as a probe to identify the isotropic band. parvalbumin appears to be evenly distributed in carp white muscle. the crayfish calcium binding protein however shows a distinct localization, in the isot ...1977192701
ca2+-dependent regulation of cyclic-amp phosphodiesterase by parvalbumin.carp parvalbumin has been shown to activate rat brain phosphodiesterase in a ca2+-dependent manner. the concentration of ca2+ required for half-maximal stimulation is 1.4 x 10(-7) m, whereas rat testis ca2+-dependent regulator (cdr) of phosphodiesterase required 1.2 x 10(-6) m ca2+. the difference in the slopes of the two curves demonstrated that the activation induced by parvalbumin was not the result of a small contamination by cdr. in addition, it has been shown that ca2+ binding to parvalbum ...1977195956
[glucose-6-phosphatase activity of the pia mater of several representative vertebrates].studies have been made on the glucose-6-phosphatase activity in the pial matter of the lamprey lampetra fluviatilis, carp cyprinus carpio, frog rana temporaria, tortoises emys orbicularis and testudo horsfieldi, hen, rabbit and cat. the data obtained not only confirmed earlier observations on extremely high activity of the enzyme in lamprey's brain, but also demonstrated high activity of glucose-6-phosphatase in the pial matter of other vertebrates, especially in tortoises.1977197748
comparative studies on the nonprotein but nondialysable sugar-peptide fraction isolated from the plasma of various classes of vertebrates.1. the nonprotein but nondialysable ninhydrin-positive substances isolated from plasma of some species belonging to four classes of vertebrates (fishes, amphibians, birds and mammals) were studied. 2. in all species studied (cyprinus carpio, salmo gairdneri, rana esculenta, rana temporaria, gallus domestica and rattus rattus) a similar group of nondialysable ninhydrin-positive substances may be isolated from the plasma by sephadex g-25 filtration followed by dialysis. 3. thin-layer sephadex g-25 ...1977318251
[partial trisomy for the long arm of chromosome 2 due to malsegregation of a maternal insertion : ins(6;2)(p22;q24q34)].a 6p+ chromosome was observed in a dysmorphic and mentally retarded child. the mother was found to be carrier of an insertion: ins(6;2) (p22;q24;q34). the patient was therefore trisomic for 2q24 leads to 2q34. the same insertion was found in his brother in the balanced state. a comparison of this observation and four other cases from the literature allows a description of the symptoms characteristic of trisomy 2q24 leads to 2q34 : mid-face hypoplasia, carp-shaped mouth, neurological disorders, s ...1977302675
[genetic control of recombination processes in aspergillus nidulans. i. effect of uvs-mutations on the frequency of spontaneous and ultraviolet ray-induced intergenic recombination].effect of 3 uvs mutations (uvs 12, 19 and 25) on recombination processes in aspergillus nidulans is studied. all the mutations are found either to affect the fertility of carp bodies and germination ability of askospores, or result in complete inability of heterokaryons to form cleistocarpia. two mutations change the frequency of spontaneous meitotic crossing-over at pro-paba region of the chromosome i and do not affect the rate of mitotic recombination at w-centromeric region of the chromosome ...1977330315
histone proteolysis in fish erythrocyte nuclei.the erythrocyte histones of trout, carp, white sucker, and chicken are subject to very different levels of autolytic activity. carp erythrocyte histones extracted from typical nuclear preparations suffer extensively from degradation; histones 1, 5, and 3 (h1, h5, and h3 respectively) are preferentially cleaved and characteristic peptides designated p1, p2, and p3 appear during the course of proteolysis. generally, erythrocytes from different fish species yield highly disparate proportions of h1 ...1977597770
[the oncomiracidium of ancyrocephalus paradoxus creplin, 1839 (monongenea, monopisthocotylea), parasite of sander lucioperca (teleostei, percidae)].the distribution of ciliated cells and the oncomiracidium chaetotaxy in ancyrocephalus paradoxus creplin, 1839 (ancyrocephalidae) parasite of sander lucioperca (teleostean, percidae) are described for the first time as well as the larval ciliated cells in dactylogyrus extensus (dactylogyridae) parasite of cyprinus carpio. also is given a description of the larval haptorial armature of ancyrocephalus paradoxus which shows some original features in our region. the ciliated cell pattern and chaetot ...1977603199
partial deletion of long arm of chromosome 11[del(11)(q23)]: jacobsen syndrome. two new cases and review of the clinical findings.two cases, a boy and a girl, with the 11q-(jacobsen) syndrome are reported. findings common to both and typical for this chromosome aberration include a narrow protruding forehead, hypertelorism, non-horizontal position of the eyes, ptosis, strabismus, broad root, and short upturned tip of thenose, carp mouth, receding chin, misshapen ears, simian creases, and severe mental retardation. in addition, one patient had pyloric stenosis and an inguinal hernia. growth retardation and microcephaly were ...1977604495
[action of chlorophos and neguvon on argulus foliaceus and dactylogyrus extensus in carp]. 1977607557
regulatory effect of temperature and antigen upon immunity in ectothermic vertebrates. ii. primary enhancement of anti-hapten antibody response at high and low temperatures.enhancement of primary anti-hapten antibody response was more efficient when carp were preimmunized with modified carrier, rather than with its native form, especially when they were challenged with a slightly substituted penicilloyl-bsa conjugate (pen5 bsa). no significant enhancement was obtained when the fish were challenged with a heavy conjugate (pen30 bsa). when fish kept at optimal temperature were preinjected with the modified carriers, rising titers of anti-hapten antibodies were obtain ...1977611022
the monoamine-containing cell in the gustatory epithelium of some vertebrates.fluorescence histochemistry has revealed that a specific formaldehyde-induced yellow fluorescence, suggesting the presence of serotonin-like monoamines, was regularly observed in a group of cells (monoamine-containing cells: mc cells) in the normal gustatory epithelia of the carp, catfish, frog and rabbit. the present report was also concerned with the ultrastructural features of the mc cell in the rabbit's foliate bud. the mc cells were found to have synaptic contacts with the intragemmal nerve ...1977615562
[selection of screening methods for the detection of aflatoxins in animal feed].five different screening methods of the detection of aflatoxin b1 are compared as to their usability in ten feeds, feed concentrates, and complete feed mixtures. method ii, i. e. the author's modification of the method of pons et al. (1973) was found to be the best for the highest number of different feeds. aflatoxin b1-positive findings were obtained in samples of groundnut cake and protein concentrates a) for laying hens and b) for breeding pigs. no aflatoxins were detected in other feed sampl ...1977416542
[the 18p-syndrome (author's transl)].mental retardation, short stature, microcephaly, hypertelorism, epicanthus, ptosis, short, broadbased nose, carp mouth, abnormalities of teeth, microretrognathy, big, protruding and low set ears, short neck, pterygium colli, broad chest, incurved fifth fingers, muscular hypotonia and low birth wieght establish a clinical diagnosis of the 18p-syndrome in many instances even before the result of chromosomal analyis is known.1977561886
vitamin a transport in plasma of the non-mammalian vertebrates: isolation and partial characterization of piscine retinol-binding protein.studies were conducted to explore vitamin a transport in the non-mammalian vertebrates, especially pisces, amphibia, and reptilia, and to isolate and partially characterize piscine retinol-binding protein. retinol-containing proteins in fresh plasma obtained from bullfrogs and a turtle exhibited similar properties to those found in mammalian and chicken plasma: i.e., molecular weight of about 60,000-80,000 as estimated by gel filtration and binding affinity to prealbumin on human prealbumin-seph ...1977562910
secondary-structure predictions of calcium-binding proteins.the known tertiary structure of carp muscle parvalbumin is consistent with an "ef-hand" architecture (helix-loop-helix) for each calcium-ion binding site. primary-sequence alignments have indicated four ef hands in rabbit skeletal muscle troponin c and in rabbit myosin alkali light chains. five secondary-structure prediction methods, based on amino acid sequence only, have been fully computerized and used to calculate joint prediction histograms for several calcium-binding proteins. the joint hi ...1977836806
mercury levels in freshwater fish of the state of south carolina.samples of fish from freshwater sources of rivers, lakes and ponds all over the state of south carolina were collected during the summer of 1974 and 1975. the fish collected were bass, bluegill, redbreast, catfish, shad, carp, crappie, mudfish and pike. samples were analyzed using the flameless atomic absorption procedure outlined by hatch and ott, and uthe et al as modified for use with perkin-elmer, coleman mas-50 mercury analyzer. triplicate samples of fish tissue were analyzed by wet digesti ...1977836979
identification of amacrine and ganglion cells in the carp retina.1. amacrine and ganglion cells in the carp retina were identified from such criteria as photoresponses, intracellular dye staining, responses to optic nerve stimulation and behaviour to a synapse blocking agent. 2. responses of ganglion cells were accompanied by spike discharges., either facilitated or suppressed by photic stimulation. the cells were also invaded by antidromic impulses, which survived after chemical synapses had been blocked by application of atomized cocl2 solution. in subseque ...1977845825
[regulation of the igm immune response. i. changes in the affinity of carp anti-dnp-antibodies during immunization depending on the antigen dose].the affinities of anti-dnp-antibodies (igm) of carp, immunized with different doses of dinitrophenylated human serum albumin in complete freund's adjuvant, were determined by a modified farr-technique using the hapten epsilon-dnp-l-lysine. very low affinity antibodies were formed in the early immune response (ko = 0.2 - 1.0-10(5) m-1). a progressive increase in igm antibody affinity occurred during the immune reaction. after immunization with low doses of antigen (0.01 and 0.1 mg) the affinity i ...1977878748
[regulation of the igm immune response. ii. effect of the valence and affinity of carp anti-dnp-antibodies on the binding constant to multivalent dnp-t4-bacteriophage conjugates]. 1977878749
[allergic and serologic reactions in carp to philometroides lusiana]. 1977888335
the isolation and characterization of some vibrio parahaemolyticus strains isolated from salted herring and roe.390 food samples (frozen, kippered herring, salted roe, fresh carp and salted ham) were investigated for the presence of vibrio parahaemolyticus. 8 v. parahaemolyticus strains were isolated from herring (6.2%) and roe samples (1.3%). some biochemical characteristics are discussed. in food borne outbreaks, presence of v. parahaemolyticus must be investigated, especially when the epidemiologically incriminated food is fish or fish products.1977899374
development of the weberian apparatus in indian major carp labeo rohita (ham.).1. the lateral processes of the first two vertebrae are developed from the ossification of the mesenchyme. 2. the centra of the second and third vertebrae are fused together forming a composite structure. 3. the "transverse processes" of the fourth vertebrae are homologous with the pleural ribs. 4. the ossa suspensoria are developed from the lateral and ventromesial processes from the basiventrals and form a kind of arch over the dorsal aorta. 5. the dorsal cartilaginous mass arching over the an ...1977907185
mosaic trisomy 9: two additional cases.two unrelated patients were found to be mosaic for an extra chromosome 9 (46,xx/47,xx,+9). the first patient showed a prominent nose, deep set eyes, carp shaped mouth and complex congenital cardiac anomalies. she died of congestive cardiac failure at the age of 10 days. the second patient, was a 7 1/2 year old female who had persistent alacrimia and mental retardation.1977908559
a histochemical study of the mucous cells in the bucco-pharyngeal epithelium of young cirrhinus mrigala (hamilton), a freshwater carp, (pisces: teleostomi: cypriniformes), in relation to the origin, structure and cytomorphosis. 1977913993
seasonal changes in the histology of the pituitary gland of labeo rohita (ham.), an indian freshwater major carp, in relation to it's spawning behavior. 1977914000
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