Publications

zn2+ requiring nadp-dependent glutamate dehydrogenase from bacillus cereus t.		1976	8376
growth of physarum gyrosum on agar plates and in liquid culture.	the physical and nutritional requirements of the antibiotic-producing slime mold physarum gyrosum were examined to develop a liquid medium for this myxomycete. liquid culture is desired to expedite a useful scale of production of antibiotic materials for ease of isolation and structure study. culture conditions were selected to favor antibiotic production rather than maximum growth. the medium devised consisted of 0.010 m potassium phosphate buffer (ph 6.0), 2% bakers' yeast, and 0.2% glucose an ...	1976	10830
defined conditions for synthesis of bacillus cereus enterotoxin by fermenter-grown cultures.	a strain of bacillus cereus produced high levels of enterotoxin when grown in a semidefined medium in a laboratory scale fermenter. the optimum conditions for enterotoxin synthesis by cultures grown in this medium, which contained casamino acids and yeast extract, were found to be: inoculation of vigorously gorwing culture at the 1% level, addition of glucose at a concentration of 1%, control of culture ph at 8.0, incubation at 32 degrees c, use of a moderate stirring rate, and addition of air a ...	1976	10838
analysis of phospholipase c (bacillus cereus) action toward mixed micelles of phospholipid and surfactant.		1976	10851
studies on phosphatidylinositol phosphodiesterase (phospholipase c type) of bacillus cereus. i. purification, properties and phosphatase-releasing activity.	a phosphatidylinositol phosphodiesterase from the culture broth of bacillus cereus, was purified to a homogeneous state as indicated by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, by ammonium sulfate precipitation and chromatography with deae-cellulose and cm-sephadex. the enzyme (molecular weight: 29000 +/- 1000) was maximally active at ph 7.2-7.5, and not influenced by edta, ophenanthroline, monoiodoacetate, p-chloromercuribenzoate or reduced glutathione. the enzyme specifically hydrolyzed phosphatidy ...	1976	10986
validation of a simple radiochemical assay measuring hydrolysis of choline-labelled microsomal phosphatidylcholine by phospholipase c. ph-dependence.	selective hydrolysis of phosphatidylcholine species, which are selectively radioactively labelled in vivo, does not appear to interfere with a radiochemical assay for hydrolysis of microsomal phosphatidylcholine by c-type phospholipases from bacillus cereus or clostridium perfringens. both phospholipases substantially hydrolysed phosphatidylcholine over the ph range 4.0-10.0.	1976	13785
germination of unactivated spores of bacillus cereus t. effect of preincubation with l-alanine or inosine on the subsequent germination.	heat-activated spores of bacillus cereus t germinate rapidly in the presence of l-alanine alone or inosine alone. in contrast, unactivated spores can not germinate in the presence of either germinant alone but rapidly in the presence of both germinants. the highest level of cooperative action of l-alanine and inosine on the germination was observed when they were present in a ratio 1:1. preincubations of unactivated spores with l-alanine or inosine had opposite effects on the subsequent germinat ...	1976	14271
[bacillus cereus as an etiological factor in food poisoning].		1976	814606
gas gangrene-like infection with bacillus cereus in a lymphoma patient.	a patient with a diffuse histiocytic lymphoma developed an infection caused by bacillus cereus during a period of induced granulocytopenia. a fulminant process resembling gas gangrene developed shortly after the accidental penetration by a small piece of metal into his right hand. incision and drainage as well as antimicrobial therapy did not prevent the loss of the third, fourth and fifth fingers; however, localization and subsequent control of the infection was achieved concomitant with bone m ...	1976	814994
death rates of bacterial spores: mathematical models.	the concave survivor curves produced as a result of spore heterogeneity were analyzed to determine whether they were caused by inmate characteristics of the spores or by the acquisition of heat resistance during the heating process. mathematical models developed for the two hypotheses revealed that the concave survivor curve (on semi-log paper) caused by innate heterogeneity is parabolic and that caused by acquired heat resistance is exponential. the mathematical models were applied to several p ...	1976	816439
response of bacillus thuringiensis to bacteriophage cp-51.	bacteriophage cp-51, a transducing phage of bacillus cereus was able to replicate on all eight varieties of bacillus thuringiensis tested. three general plaque types were observed on each strain although one type predominated on each strain. the plaque size was uniform for each strain regardless of plaque type. the bacterial strain used as source of the phage had no effect on plaque type or size found on any host strain. cp-51 was stable in infected spores of b. thuringiensis var. kurstaki for a ...	1976	816441
acquisition of substrate-specific parameters during the catalytic reaction of penicillinase.	the progress of the catalytic reaction of penicillinase (ec 3.5.2.6; penicillin amido-beta-lactamhydrolase) depends on the structure of the side-chain in derivatives of 6-aminopenicillanic acid (the parent substrate). side-chains of one class promote the rate of the reaction and cause no deviation from the linear kinetics observed with the parent compound. by contrast, side-chains of the other class induce a time-dependent, reversible change in the parameters of the catalytic reaction. the rate ...	1976	817286
patterns of spore locations in pairs of bacillus cereus sporangia.	the location patterns, relative to the cross wall, of terminal-to-subterminal bacillus cereus spores were determined in pairs of sporangia. the presence of three types of patterns suggests that spores are randomly located, but medium-dependent variability of the frequency ratios of the patterns strongly suggests that nonrandom localization cannot be discounted.	1976	812863
correlation between changes in the membrane organization and susceptibility to phospholipase c attack induced by atp depletion of rat erythrocytes.	about 20 and 43% of the total membrane phospholipids are hydrolized in fresh rat erythrocytes by treatment with phospholipase c (bacillus cereus), or both sphingomyelinase and phospholipase c, respectively, without causing cell lysis. treatment of atp-depleted cells with phospholipase c alone results in 50% hydrolysis and extensive lysis. depletion of atp causes a marked increase in the aggregation of intramembranous particles accompanied by a similar increase in the smooth area between the part ...	1976	813771
dense growth of aerobic bacteria in a bench-scale fermentor.	escherichia coli b, escherichia coli mre 600, escherichia coli k 12-3300, pseudomonas fluorescens, and aerobacter aerogenes were grown exponentially in a bench-scale fermentor to cell concentrations in the range of 20 to 41 g dry cells/liter at 30 degrees c and 30 to 55 g dry cells/liter at 25 degrees c. the high cell concentrations were achieved in a growth system previously described for growth of escherichia coli w (biotechnol. bioeng., 16, 933 (1974); ibid. 17, 227 (1975)). various enzyme ac ...	1976	813791
inactivation of bacillus cereus beta-lactamase by halogenated isoxazolylpenicillins.	upon preincubation with halogenated isoxazolyl-penicillins, the activity of bacillus cereus beta-lactamase is decreased by a factor proportional to the inhibitor concentration. this inactivation, which concerns essentially the catalytic rate constant of the enzyme, occurs only at or above 37 degrees c with cloxacillin and dicloxacillin, and even at 25 degrees c with flucloxacillin. the dependence of the inactivation rate upon inhibitor concentration is consistent, in the former case, with the oc ...	1976	814004
biological activity of hydroxyanthraquinones and their glucosides toward microorganisms.	five mono- and dihydroxyanthraquinones as well as 12 of their glucosides (both free and acetylated) were tested with six different microbial species using the plate-diffusion method. none of the tested substances was active against escherichia coli, 15 of the 17 substances displayed an activity toward bacillus subtilis, bacillus cereus, candida albicans, saccharomyces cerevisiae and streptomyces aureofaciens. relationships between the substance type and biological activity are discussed.	1976	814068
outer membrane of salmonella typhimurium: accessibility of phospholipid head groups to phospholipase c and cyanogen bromide activated dextran in the external medium.	whole cells of salmonella typhimurium were treated with bacillus cereus phospholipase c or with cnbr-activated dextran. if phosphatidylethanolamine head groups are exposed and accessible on the outer surface of the outer membrane of these cells, it was expected that these groups would be hydrolyzed by the former agent, and become covalently coupled to the latter agent. with strains producing lipopolysaccharides of s or rc type, results did not indicate the presence of any accessible head groups ...	1976	820368
bacterial infection in haematological diseases.		1976	820503
[3-dimensional reconstruction of the contracted tail of bacillus mycoides bacteriophage h-17].		1976	820530
thermophilic glyceraldehyde-3-p dehydrogenase.		1976	820563
purification of cereolysin and the electrophoretic separation of the active (reduced) and inactive (oxidized) forms of the purified toxin.	cereolysin was purified to apparent homogeneity by using ammonium sulfate fractionation, hydrophobic chromatography with ah-sepharose, isoelectric focusing, and gel filtration. the active form of the toxin had an isoelectric point of 6.6, and the molecular weight of the protein was about 55,500 as judged by sodium dodecyl sulfate-gel electrophoresis, gel filtration, and gel electrophoresis using various concentrations of acrylamide. cereolysin contained two half-cystine residues and was dependen ...	1976	820638
alteration of serum lipid values and lipoproteins by bacteria as a possible cause of artifacts in the screening of dyslipoproteinemias.	the intriguing observation of phospholipid deficiency in serum is described. the most prominent feature of sera was the completely abnormal lipoprotein electrophoretic pattern. the predominant occurrance of the phenomenon in the warm season suggested bacterial growth producing phospholipase c. b. cereus could be isolated from sera. in order to prevent these artifacts it is suggested to add 1 mg of na2-edta to each ml of sample before dispatch.	1976	820919
[structural and biochemical changes in the spores of bacillus cereus exposed to caustic soda and hypochlorite].	the spores of bacillus cereus were treated with 5% naoh at 50 degrees c and 0.25% naocl. as a result, 99% of the spores had lost their viability by the 11th and 19.5th minutes, respectively. kinetics of the process has shown that the rates of elimination of calcium and dipicolinic acid from the spores are different, and intensive loss of rna and dna was registered. progressive degradation of spore envelopes and inner structures has been revealed by electron microscopy. lethal effect of the studi ...	1976	820941
doxycycline in serum and bronchial secretions.	the concentration of doxycycline hydrochloride was measured in serum and bronchial secretions in five patients with chronic bronchitis receiving doxycycline orally in normal therapeutic dosage for seven days (200 mg day 1, 100 mg days 2 to 7). after the loading dose of 200 mg, serum concentrations ranged between 5-40 and 3-45 mug/ml (mean 4-33 mug/ml) at 3 hours, declining to between 2-28 and 1-21 mug/ml (mean 1-71 mug/ml) at 23 hours. the mean serum levels for days 2 to 7 were 2-15, 1-79, and 1 ...	1976	821169
bacterial mesosomes. real structures or artifacts?	the ultrastructural study of membrane organization in gram-positive bacteria related to the oso4 fixation conditions revealed that large, complex mesosomes are observed only when the bacteria are subjected to an initial fixation with 0.1%oso4 in the culture broth, as in the prefixation step of the ryter-kellenberger procedure. evidence was obtained suggesting that the large mesosomes are produced by this prefization. the kinetic study of the membrane morphological alterations occurring during th ...	1976	821538
letter: infection due to bacillus cereus.		1976	821602
antibiotic residues and their recovery from animal tissues.		1976	821907
identification of the antibiotic determined by the scp1 plasmid of streptomyces coelicolor a3(2).	the antibiotic whose biosynthesis is determined by the scp1 plasmid of streptomyces coelicolor a3(2) has been characterized as the recently described methylenomycin a (2-methylene-cyclopentan-3-one-4,5-epoxy-4,5-dimethyl-1-carboxylic acid).	1976	822125
facultative wood-digesting bacteria from the hind-gut of the termite reticulitermes hesperus.	among the facultative bacteria capable of growth on mesquite wood which were isolated from the asceptically dissected hind-gut of the termite reticulitermes hesperus were two strains of bacillus cereus, one strain each of arthrobacter, alcaligenes and serratia, and a very small gram-negative fermentative rod. the b. cereus strains, the serratia marcescens strain and the arthrobacter sp. grew well on a mineral salts alpha-cellusose agar. one of the bacillus cereus strains and serratia marcescens ...	1976	822127
[to the ecology of bac. cereus var. mycoides (flügge) in loess black earth in relation to fertilization].		1976	822632
[relationship between the ultrastructure and biochemical composition of spores and their resistance to high temperature exposure and chemical agents].	the author used the spores of b. cereus and of its two mutants (10id -- defective by spore coats, and no. 3 -- dpa-deficient). the mentioned microbes were subjected to the action of vapour (99 degrees), 5% sodium hydroxide solution at a temperature of 50 degreec, and of 0.25% sodium hypochlorite solution. on the basis of the survival curves it was revealed that a mutant with defective coats possessed the least resistance to the factors under study. on these grounds a conclusion was drawn on the ...	1976	822653
[a case of mass food poisoning caused by bac. cereus].		1976	822654
biochemical characterization of a cortexless mutant of a variant of bacillus cereus.	previous studies on this cortexless mutant of bacillus cereus var. alesti indicated that the forespore membrane was the site of the biochemical lesion. this hypothesis is supported by the results presented here: fatty acid composition of sporulating cells of themutant is altered, while in vegetative cells it is comparable to the parent; soluble precursors of peptidoglycan synthesis are accumulated in the mutant, at the time of cortex formation; homogenates of the mutant prepared at the time of c ...	1976	822929
pathology of bacillus cereus mastitis in dairy cows.		1976	822939
aucte bacillus cereus mastitis in dairy cattle associated with use of a contaminated antibiotic.		1976	822940
an autopsy case of food poisoning associated with bacillus cereus.	an autopsy case of food poisoning probably caused by bacillus cereus is presented. the patient was an 11-year-old boy who died about 15 hours after eating chinese noodles. the main pathological features were acute nonspecific gastroenteritis and fatty degeneration of the heart and liver. bacillus cereus was isolated and identified from the peritoneal exudate and intestinal contents. the cause of death is considered to be heart failure resulting from myocardial fatty degeneration.	1976	823082
[thermodynamic and kinetic characteristics of b.cereus sporal germination].		1975	823535
[mechanism of germination of spores. (2). the role of l-alanine during the early stage of germination].		1975	814348
surface-localized cortex-lytic enzyme in spores of bacillus cereus t.		1975	812943
bacillus cereus food poisoning: a provisional serotyping scheme.	a provisional serotyping scheme for bacillus cereus has been developed. eighteen selected cultures of b. cereus isolated from foods and clinical specimens were used to prepare agglutinating sera against the flagellar antigen. there were no significant cross-reactions between the sera. the sera were used to type 137 isolates of b. cereus from 34 british and australian incidents of food poisoning associated with the consumption of cooked rice. the majority of the isolates from samples of food (56 ...	1975	813000
[interrelationship between phage types and biochemical types in bac. cereus cultures isolated from different natural sources].		1975	813459
[antibacterial activity of a lysozyme-like enzyme from staphylococci].	a lysozyme-like enzyme isolated from the culture broth of staph. aureus 712 presented in its native state a lipoproteid complex. the lytic and antibacterial spectrum of the enzyme was similar to that of the egg albumin enzyme. however, the lipoproteid complex was somewhat superior to the egg albumin complex in its activity against micrococcus lysodeikticus, a number of gramnegative bacteria and staphylococci. out of the organisms studied microccus lysodeikticus, sarcina and bac. subtilis proved ...	1975	813563
[microorganisms in gums. iv. microbial degradation of plant exudates and seaweed extracts (author's transl)].	the three plant exudates gum traganth, gum arabic, and gum karaya and the two seaweed extracts carrageenan and alginate were degraded by five different bacilli which were isolated from these gums: bacillus coagulans, b. lentus, b. cereus, b. licheniformis, and b. firmus. after 14 days all the gums have been degraded by these bacilli to a different extent after addition of trace elements. the fractions of degraded gums by tlc, glc, and ir-spectroscopy have been examined with the following results ...	1975	817530
[study of the antagonistic action of actinomycetes on anthrax bacilli].	capacity for the growth inhibition of the highly virulent causative agent of siberia plague was studied with respect to actinomycetous strains from soil samples of the ukraine. it was found that on nutrient media 88.4, 88.9, 88.1 and 93.4% of the isolates inhibited the growth of bac. anthracis, bac. cereus, bac. mycoides and tsenkovsky vaccine strain respectively. representatives of very different taxonomic groups were found among the antagonistic actinomycetes. clearance of the soil from siberi ...	1975	817657
evidence for the existence of two isozymes of aconitate hydratase and its correlation with 59fe uptake in bacillus cereus t.		1975	815164
some properties of a d-alanine carboxypeptidase in envelope fractions of neisseria gonorrhoeae.	envelope preparations of neisseria gonorrhoeae strain gc1 (a stable, piliated strain of intermediate colony morphology) and type t1 possess a d-alanine carboxypeptidase which releases the terminal alanine residue from the uridine 5'-diphosphate-n-acetyl muramylpentapeptide substrate (isolated from bacillus cereus t). the d-alanine carboxypeptidase of the gc1 envelopes has a broad ph optimum between ph 8.0 to 10.0. when the molarity of the tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane buffer was varied, the ac ...	1975	332
phospholipase d activity of gram-negative bacteria.	a phospholipase hydrolyzing cardiolipin to phosphatidic acid and phosphatidyl glycerol was characterized in gram-negative bacteria but was absent in preparations of gram-positive bacteria, saccharomyces cerevisiae, and rat liver mitochondria. in cell-free extracts of escherichia coli, salmonella typhimurium, proteus vulgaris, and pseudomonase aeruginosa, this cardiolipin-hydrolyzing enzyme had similar ph and mg2+ requirements and displayed a specificity which excluded phosphatidyl glycerol and p ...	1975	360
regulation of dihydrodipicolinate synthase during growth and sporulation of bacillus cereus.	a four- to sixfold increase in specific activity of dihydrodipicolinic acid synthase was observed during sporulation of bacillus cereus. the enzyme from cells harvested before and after the increase in specific activity appeared to be very similar as judged by ph optima, heat denaturation kinetics, apparent michaelis constants, chromatography on diethylaminoethyl-cellulose and sephadex g-200, and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. studies with various combinations of amino acids and one of the ...	1975	367
heat resistance of ileal loop reactive bacillus cereus strains isolated from commercially canned food.	sporeformers isolated from a commercially canned food were identified as bacillus cereus, lactose-positive variants. the thermal resistance of spore crops produced from each of two representative cultures was determined in 0.067 m phosphate buffer at ph 7.0. the d121.1 values for one isolate were approximately 0.03 min (z = 9.9c), whereas the d121.1 values for the other isolate were 2.35 min (z = 7.9 c). thermal inactivation results for heat-stressed isolates from each strain showed no significa ...	1975	2108
affinity of cellular constituents of two bacteria for fluorescent brighteners.	two fluorescent brighteners were used to stain an isolate of bacillus cereus var. mycoides and soil pseudomonad. the stained organisms were fractionated by two procedures to determine which cellular constituents were reacting with the brighteners. both fractionation procedures provided evidence that the brighteners were adsorbed to proteins within the cells. microscopy examination of ghost cells of the bacillus showed that cell walls were not being stained. spheroplasts of the bacillus and t ...	1975	46739
[bacteriological diagnosis of food poisoning caused by bacillus cereus].		1975	48597
the location of bacterial antigens on sections of bacillus cereus by use of the soluble peroxidase--anti-peroxidase complex and unlabelled antibody.	the location of antigens on sections of bacteria using the soluble peroxidase-anti-peroxidase complex in conjunction with unlabelled antibody is described. using this technique, spore antigens have been detected in the cytoplasm of vegetative cells during forespore septum formation and subsequent stages of sporulation. antigenic sites were first associated with poly-beta-hydroxybutyric acid granules and subsequently were found in increasing quantities in the cytoplasm of the sporangium. vegetati ...	1975	50408
photobiological behaviour of bacteria and phages supplemented with aza-analogoues of nucleic acid bases.	the photochemical stability of anomalous nucleic acid bases of the azatype, 5-azacytosine (i), 5-azacytidine (ii), 6-azacytosine (iii), 6-azacytidine (iv), 6-azathymine (v), 6-azauracil (vi), and 8-aza-adenine (vii) to u. v. light of the wavelength 254 nm differs from the u. v. stability of the normal constituents. changes of the u.v. inactivation of escherichia coli k12 c600, e. coli b, bacillus cereus, as well as e. coli phages gamma cb2 and gamma b2b5 supplemented with azaderivatives prior to ...	1975	52947
asymmetry of influenza virus membrane bilayer demonstrated with phospholipase c.		1975	163976
a method for the quantitative determination of glycerolipids containing o-alkyl and o-alk-1-enyl moieties.	we have developed a spectrophotometric procedure, based on a combination of established methods, for the quantitative determination of aklyl and alk-1-enyl (plasmalogens) ether-linked glycerolipids. it depends upon the release of alkylglycerols and alk-1-enylglycerols from phospholipids by phosphlipase c (bacillus cereus) followed by saponification or by vitride reduction the phospholipids; aldehydes are subsequently formed and measured colorimetrically after reacting them with a fuchsin reagent ...	1975	164236
changes in phosoholipid susceptibility toward phospholipases induced by atp depletion in avian and amphibian erythrocyte membranes.	about half of the sphingomyelin content of fresh and atp-depleted chicken erythrocytes is hydrolysed by sphingomyelinase. removal of spingomyelin exposes the rest of the membrane phospholipids to hydrolysis by phospholipase c only in atp-depleted but not in fresh cells. addition of both sphinogomyelinase and phospholipase c to atp-depleted cells causes about 60-70 percent hydrolysis of the total phospholipids accompanied by extensive (90 percent) hemolysis. the phospholipids of toad erythrocytes ...	1975	164239
relationship between the dna content and mesosome number in cells of bacillus.	in cells of bacillus there is evidence that deoxyribonucleic acid forms an association with some membranous structure within the cell, possibly mesosomes. cells of varieties of bacillus cereus and bacillus subtilis were examined to see if any quantitative relationship existed between the numbers of mesosomes and dna content. no direct relationship could be domonstrated. however, cells of bacillus cereus var. alesti a(-) maintained a characteristic and constant dna content and number of mesosomes ...	1975	164998
beta-lactamase (bacillus cereus).		1975	166286
phospholipase c catalyzed formation of sphinogomyelin--14c from lecithin and n-(-14c)-oleoyl-sphingosine.	commercial preparations of clostreidium perfringens were incubated with phosphatidyl choline and n-1-(-14c) oleoylsphingosine. a radioactive product was formed which cochromatogramed with spingomyelin standard in three different solvent systems. several other phospholipases and phosphatases were unable to catalyze this reaction. neither choline, phosphoryl choline, cytidine diphosphate choline nor p-nitrophenyl phosphoryl choline were acitve donors. sphingomyelin was only slightly active as ...	1975	167259
inactivation of glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase during germination and outgrowth of bacillus cereus t endospores.	the specific activity and total activity of glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (ec 1.1.1.49) under conditions of complete cell breakage fall 10-20-fold during a 3h period of spore germination and outgrowth. the spores must germinate (lose refractility), but do not have to undergo outgrowth, for the loss of activity to occur. glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity from cells as any stage of development is completely stable in extracts at 4 degrees c or 30 degrees c. all of the enzyme activity ...	1975	168884
inhibition of glucose 6-phosphatase by pure and impure c-type phospholipases. reactivation by phospholipid dispersions and protection by serum albumin.	1. pure or impure c-type phospholipases hydrolysed rat liver microsomal phosphatides in situ at 5 degrees or 37 degrees c. at 5 degrees c mean hydrolysis of total phospholipids was 90% by bacillus cereus and 75% by clostridium perfringens (clostridium welchii) c-type phospholipases. 2. four degrees of inhibition of glucose 6-phosphatase (d-glucose 6-phosphate phosphohydrolase; ec 3.1.3.9) resulted. (a) at 37 degrees c inhibition was virtually complete and apparently irreversible. (b) at 5 degree ...	1975	168886
inhibition of clostridium botulinum by strains of clostridium perfringens isolated from soil.	thirty-one soil samples were examined for the presence of organisms capable of inhibiting growth and toxin production of strains of clostridium botulinum type a. such organisms were found in eight samples of soil. inhibiting strains of c. perfringens were found in five samples, of c. sporogenes in three and of bacillus cereus in three. three of the c. perfringens strains produced an inhibitor effective on all 11 strains of c. botulinum type a against which they were tested, seven of eight proteo ...	1975	169734
organization of phospholipids in human red cell membranes as detected by the action of various purified phospholipases.	1. the action of eight purified phospholipases on intact human erythrocytes has been investigated. four enzymes, e.g. phospholipases a2 from pancreas and crotalus adamanteus, phospholipase c from bacillus cereus, and phospholipase d from cabbage produce neither haemolysis nor hydrolysis of phospholipids in intact cells. on the other hand, both phospholipases a2 from bee venom and naja naja cause a non-haemolytic breakdown of more than 50% of the lecithin, while sphingomyelinase c from staphyloco ...	1975	169915
bacterial food-poisoning.		1975	173111
[change in the activity of the enzymatic systems of bacillus anthracoides spores during germination and under the action of ca hypochlorite].	the activity of the enzymes of the citric acid cycle, glycolysis, and hexose monophosphate pathway was studied during germination of the spores of bacillus anthracoides and upon their treatment with calcium hypochlorite. no activity of isocitrate dehydrogenase and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase was found in the extracts of the vegetative cells, contrary to the spores and initiated spores. the activity of other enzymes changes but slightly in the course of germination of the spores. treatment ...	1975	173977
studies on a thermophilic rna polymerase which is active only on poly d(a-t) and poly dadt.	two types of rna polymerases [ec 2.7.7.6], polymerases a and b, exist in thermophilic bacteria, thermus thermophilus hb8. polymerase b is apparently like the core enzyme of polymerase a but is active only when an alternating copolymer of deoxyadenylic and deoxythymidylic acids (poly d(a-t)) or a mixture of homopolymers of deoxyadenylic acid and deoxythymidylic acid (poly dadt) is used as a template. polymerase b was further characterized to elucidate its relation to polymerase a and to determine ...	1975	175054
a direct spectrophotometric assay and determination of michaelis constants for the beta-lactamase reaction.		1975	803320
biphasic kinetics induced by modified substrates of penicillinase.		1975	803369
cytochrome pigments in spores of bacillus cereus t.	absorption spectra of dormant spores of bacillus cereus t suspended in glycerol showed peaks characteristic of cytochrome pigments.	1975	803489
use of the aggregate-hemagglutination technique for determining exo-enterotoxin of bacillus cereus.	the possibility of using the aggregate-hemagglutination technique for detection of bacillus cereus exo-enterotoxin in foodstuffs and culture media is shown. a 0.004-mug quantity of enterotoxin per ml can be detected by this method.	1975	803816
diol lipids of rat liver. quantitation and structural characteristics of neutral lipids and phospholipids derived from ethanediol, propanediols, and butanediols.	specific enzymatic and chemical degradation of neutral lipid and phospholipid fractions from rat liver revealed the presence of novel types of lipid metabolites bearing a short-chain diol backbone. diol-derived lecithin and cephalin analogs were readily cleaved by phospholipase c (ec 3.1.4.3) from bacillus cereus, although the cephalin analogs required "carrier" lecithin to sustain hydrolysis. the products of phosphilipase hydrolyses as well as the neutral lipid fractions were subjected to alkal ...	1975	803840
[frequencies of purine oligonucleotide occurrence in 16s and 23s ribosomal rna in bacillus cereus, bac. subtilis and bac. coagulans].		1975	803844
ultrastructural and chemical changes in spores of bacillus cereus after action of disinfectants.		1975	803940
degradation of phospholipid and release of diglyceride-rich membrane vesicles during protoplast formation in certain gram-positive bacteria.	membrane phospholipid was found to be hydrolyzed presumably by an intracellular phospholipase c, and diglyceride-rich membrane vesicles were released from the cells during protoplast formation in bacillus cereus bacillus subtilis, micrococcus lysodeikticus, and staphylococcus aureus. the released membranes consisted mainly of small vesicles of 50 to 100 nm in diameter. they have a lower density than that of protoplast membranes in all the bacteria tested in the present study.	1975	803959
production of verbenol pheromone by a bacterium isolated from bark beetles.		1975	804144
the parenteral application of a new metacycline preparation, tri-metacycline.	tri-metacycline, one of the new tetracycline complexes (tritetracyclines), is prepared by mere dissolution of metacycline hydrochloride in an aqueous solution of the complexing agent. in vitro and in vivo studies show a high antibiotic activity. significantly lower mic values were found for tri-metacycline than for the parent compound. parenteral administration resulted in high sera and tissue values, without signs of accumulation; excretion via the kidneys was proved.	1975	804312
characteristics of a bacillus megaterium bacteriophage.	a bacteriophage which infects and lyses bacillus megaterium atcc 19213 was isolated from the soil. the phage produces lysis on nine strains of b, megaterium tested but did not lyse a bacillus cereus or bacillus licheniformis strain, nor any of eight bacillus subtilis strains tested. physical characteristics of the phage including morphology, size, thermal and ph stability, and buoyant density were examined. the nucleic acid is double-stranded dna of mol. wt. 41.7 times 10 and 36 to 38.5 mol perc ...	1975	804535
synthesis and properties of phosphatidyl carnitine and phosphatidyl beta-methylcholine.	rac-phosphatidyl carnitine and rac-phosphatidyl beta-methylcholine were synthesized by direct condensation of phosphatidic acid and the appropriate alcohols in the presence of 2,4,6-triiso-propylbenzenesulphonylchloride and pyridine. tetraphenylborates of the quarternary ammonium compounds beta-methylcholine and carnitine benzyl ester were shown to be particularly convenient for synthesis in homogeneous phase. physical and chemical properties of the two phosphoglycerolipids and some intermediate ...	1975	804579
[pharmacokinetics after oral and intravenous administration of tetracycline compounds (author's transl)].		1975	804588
effects of cadmium on the growth and uptake of cadmium by microorganisms.	six species of microorganisms, escherichia coli, bacillus cereus, lactobacillus acidophilus, staphylococcus aureus, streptococcus faecalis and actinomyces niger, were grown under suitable conditions in appropriate media. cadmium chloride was added to provide 0, 5, 10, 20, 40, and 80 mug of cd per ml. at 40 and 80 mug of cd per ml, e. coli and b. cereus grew well and the other species were repressed. cd uptake patterns differed significantly among the species tested. the significance of these dat ...	1975	804857
the reaction of myelin phospholipids with phospholipase c and d.		1975	804860
antimetabolites produced by microorganisms. xii (s)-alanyl-3-[alpha-(s)-chloro-3-(s)-hydroxy 2-oxo-3-azetidinylmethyl]-(s)-alanine, a new beta-lactam containing natural product.	(s)-alanyl-3-[alpha-(s)-chloro-3-(s)-hydroxy-2-oxo-3-azetidinylmethyl]-(s)-alanine was isolated from a fermentation broth of an unidentified streptomyces species 372 a. the structure was determined by single crystal x-ray diffraction analysis. the substance inhibits the growth of several strains of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria in a chemically defined medium but growth inhibition is relieved by addition of l-glutamine to the medium.	1975	805110
chemical characterization of new antibiotics, cerexins a and b. (studies on antibiotics from the genus bacillus. ii)	acid hydrolysis revealed that the antibiotic cerexin a is constructed with aspartic acid (3), threonine (1), serine (1), valine (2), allo-isoleucine (1), gamma-hydroxylysine (1), tryptophan (1), and a variety of fatty acid residues. the essential difference between cerexins a and b is concluded to be replacement of serine and one valine residue in cerexin a by glycine and phenylalanine in cerexin b. isolation of a new amino acid l-threo-gamma-hydroxylysine is also described.	1975	805113
antibiotics from mycoplasma. ii. characterization of antibiotics produced by mycoplasma sp. rpiii.		1975	805114
the diumycin complex. comparative studies on antibiotics from diumycin-and macarbomycin-fermentations.	six phosphorus-containing antibiotics were isolated from both diumycin and macarbomycin fermentation products. on the basis of their chromatographic behavior and of their physico-chemical and microbiological properties it can be assumed that not only the main component but also the five minor components are the same in both antibiotic complexes. a comparison of the six components with the known classifications of diumycins and macarbomycins was made.	1975	805117
eimeria tenella in gnotobiotic chickens: hematocrit, weight change, cecal pathology, and mortality.	on days 5 to 8 after oral inoculation with 200,000 eimeria tenella oocysts, the mean hematocrits of bacteria-free, bacillus cereus-monoflora and conventional chickens were equally reduced below control values. weight loss was first observed in bacteria-free and monoflora fowl between days 4 and 5 after e. tenella inoculation, whereas conventional fowl initially displayed weight loss between days 3 and 4. gross cecal lesion scores and total mortality of 4 experiments were not significantly differ ...	1975	805225
purification by affinity chromatography of phospholipase c from bacillus cereus.		1975	805713
spores of microorganisms. xxvi. synthetic activities of germinating spores of bacillus cereus prevented from outgrowth.	spores of bacillus cereus were germinated in a germination limited medium (gl-medium) which facilitates only germination but not the postgerminative development of spores. under these conditions a limited protein synthesis occurs. however, this protein synthesis is stopped after a short time interval. the rate of synthesis of new proteins, as well as their total amount, is influenced by the length of the activation heat shock. synthesis of the wall material continues for several hours and thick- ...	1975	806504
evaluation of two simple assay methods for detecting antibiotic residues in chicken and pig muscle.		1975	806569
properties of bacillus cereus spore coat mutants.	two classes of spore mutants have been selected in bacillus cereus t, those producing lysozyme-sensitive spores, and those producing spores dependent upon lysozyme for germination. one mutant from each class was studied in detail and found to have defective packing of the spore coat layers. the major spore coat poplypeptide appeared to be altered on the basis of gel electrophoretic profiles and/or peptide maps of half-syctine-containing peptides. the spores of the mutants of both classes were se ...	1975	806578
an insect toxin from spores of bacillus thuringiensis and bacillus cereus.	spores of bacillus thuringiensis contain a toxin active against lepidopterous larvae. this toxin can be solubilized by extraction with reagents which dissolve the protein crystal of b thuringiensis. it is inactivated by crystal-specific antiserum. spores of bacillus cereus contain a similar toxin although the specific activity is much lower than the spores of b. thuringiensis. the b. cereus toxin contains a single major polypeptidecomponent. toxic activity can be solubliized from spores of both ...	1975	806656
the metal ion dependence of phospholipase c from bacillus cereus.	1. the zinc content and metal ion dependence of phospholipase c(phosphatidylcholine cholinephosphohydrolase, ec 3.1.4.3) from bacillus cereus have been examined. 2. the native enzyme contained about 2 atoms of tightly bound zinc/molecule. 3. incubation of the enzyme with edta or with o-phenanthroline caused inactivation. the inactivation was accompanied by the removal of one zinc atom from the enzyme and could be fully reversed by the addition of zn2+ or co2+ to the enzyme and partly reversed by ...	1975	807246
bacillus cereus beta-lactamase. reaction with n-bromosuccinimide and the properties of the product.	the effect of n-bromosuccinimide on the enzymatic activity and the conformation of a bacillus cereus beta-lactamase (penicillin amido-beta-lactamase ec 3.5.2.6) was studied. incubation with 10 mum n-bromosuccinimide caused over 95% decrease of the enzymatic activity within 15 min. spectrophotometric titration with n-bromosuccinimide showed that the reaction proceeded in two steps. the half-inactivated enzyme was prepared by the reaction with n-bromosuccinimide and its properties examined. amino ...	1975	807248
pathogenicity of bacillus cereus isolated from trichoplusia ni larvae.		1975	807657
synthesis and antibacterial and antifungal activities of 5-nitro-2-furfurylidene polyhalophenoxyacethydrazides viii.	fifteen 5-nitro-2-furfurylidene phenoxyacethydrazides were synthesized, and the antibacterial and antifungal activities of the compounds prepared were determined against different microorganisms. the o-methoxy derivative was found to be the most active compound.	1975	807705
2-phenethylimidazole derivatives. synthesis and antimycotic properties.	compounds of type (x = o, nh; ar and ar' = phenyl of substituted phenyl; ten examples) were prepared and assayed against miconazole (ii,x = o; ar = ar' =2,4-cl2c6h3) as potential antimycotic agents. optimal activity was noted for i(x = o; ar = ar' = 2,4-cl2c6h3), the direct analog of miconazole. it is about one-tenth as active.	1975	807735
[ultrastructure of bac. anthracis and bac. cereus].	a study was made of the ultrastructure of bac. anthracis and bac. cereus (strains 1835 and 205). there were established definite morphological differences between the bacilli under study. the cell wall was much thicker in the causative agent of anthrax, it was permeated by tubules; the surface of the wall was covered by a thick layer of osmiophilic material. the spore membrane of bac. anthracis was multistratal in character; osmiophilic filaments were seen on the surface of exosporium. fungoid p ...	1975	808059
microflora of maize prepared as tortillas.	very little is known of the microflora in tortillas, the major component in the diet of many guatemalans and other central americans. based in a guatemalan highland indian village, this study examined the types and amounts of bacteria, yeasts, and molds in tortillas and in their maize precursors. coliforms, bacillus cereus, two species of staphylococcus, and many types of yeast were the main contaminants, but low concentrations of alpha-hemolytic streptococcus, facultative clostridium, and other ...	1975	808168
comparison of beta-lactamase ii from bacillus cereus 569/h/9 with a beta-lactamase from bacillus cereus 5/b/6.	a mutant of bacillus cereus 5/b, strain 5/b/6, produces a beta-lactamase ii-like enzyme but no beta-lactamase i. beta-lactamases ii and ii 5/b/6 appear to show a high degree of homology, but there are significant differences in their enzymic properties.	1975	808215