Publications

surface presentation of shigella flexneri invasion plasmid antigens requires the products of the spa locus.	an avirulent, invasion plasmid insertion mutant of shigella flexneri 5 (phs1059) was restored to the virulence phenotype by transformation with a partial hindiii library of the wild-type invasion plasmid constructed in pbr322. western immunoblot analysis of phs1059 whole-cell lysates revealed that the synthesis of the invasion plasmid antigens virg, ipaa, ipab, ipac, and ipad was similar to that seen in the corresponding isogenic s. flexneri 5 virulent strain, m90t. ipab and ipac, however, were ...	1992	1312536
correlation between coxsackie b1 virus replication and enhanced invasiveness of shigella flexneri.	coxsackie b1 virus infection enhances the susceptibility of cultured hep-2 cells to shigella flexneri invasiveness. this can be reproduced partially with uv-inactivated virus, particularly the effect observed shortly after viral inoculation. the following phases of viral multiplication were correlated with the enhancing effect: uncoating of viral particles, synthesis of viral rna and proteins, and assembly of newly produced virus particles. uncoating of virus particles was completed within 60 mi ...	1992	1314061
detection of porin antigen in serum for early diagnosis of mouse infections with salmonella typhimurium.	the monoclonal antibodies to porin, an outer membrane protein isolated from salmonella typhimurium and sandwich enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) has made possible the detection of porin from sera of s. typhimurium-infected mice. the specificity of the monoclonal antibodies was ascertained based on their cross-reactivity with porins isolated from s. typhi, shigella flexneri and escherichia coli and lipopolysaccharide (lps) of s. typhimurium and e. coli. serum samples were found to be pos ...	1992	1315558
use of adeno-associated virus as a general transduction vector for mammalian cells.		1992	1316261
global regulation of mitochondrial biogenesis in saccharomyces cerevisiae: abf1 and cpf1 play opposite roles in regulating expression of the qcr8 gene, which encodes subunit viii of the mitochondrial ubiquinol-cytochrome c oxidoreductase.	the multifunctional dna-binding proteins abf1 and cpf1 bind in a mutually exclusive manner to the promoter region of the qcr8 gene, which encodes 11-kda subunit viii of the saccharomyces cerevisiae mitochondrial ubiquinol-cytochrome c oxidoreductase (qcr). we investigated the roles that the two factors play in transcriptional regulation of this gene. to this end, the overlapping binding sites for abf1 and cpf1 were mutated and placed in the chromosomal context of the qcr8 promoter. the effects o ...	1992	1317009
kappa-opioid receptor stimulation abolishes mu- but not delta-mediated inhibitory control of spinal met-enkephalin release.	the possible opioid control through delta, mu and kappa receptors of the spinal release of met-enkephalin-like material (melm) was investigated in halothane-anaesthetized rats. the intrathecal perfusion of the delta agonist dtlet (10 microm) or the mu agonist dago (10 microm) resulted in a marked inhibition of melm release, which could be prevented by the selective antagonists naltrindole and naloxone, respectively. although the kappa agonist u 50488 h (10 microm) was inactive per se, it complet ...	1992	1317026
radiation-induced generation of chlorine derivatives in n2o-saturated phosphate buffered saline: toxic effects on escherichia coli cells.	the radiolysis of aqueous chloride solutions has been investigated using pulse and steady-state methods. we have found a correlation between the yields of cl2- and hocl formed in pulse-irradiated n2o-saturated solutions. the yields increased with the increasing concentrations of cl- and phosphate. phosphate enhanced the yield of cl2- in neutral solutions because of a proton transfer from h2po4- to hocl- with a rate constant of (2.6 +/- 0.5) x 10(8) m-1s-1. hocl could not be detected in pulse-irr ...	1992	1317323
ion channels activated by swelling of madin darby canine kidney (mdck) cells.	according to previous studies hyposmotic swelling of madin darby canine kidney (mdck) cells leads to a marked decrease of cell membrane resistance. the present study has been performed to identify the underlying ion channels using the patch-clamp technique: reduction of extracellular osmolarity to 230 mmol/liter leads to a transient activation of k+ channels and a sustained activation of anion channels. the k+ channels are inwardly rectifying with a single-channel slope conductance of 56 +/- 3 p ...	1992	1317457
plasma testosterone concentration in adult male rats following acquisition of copulation-illness associations.	prior research has identified stimuli and procedures that elicit increments in plasma testosterone in copulating male rats. in the present experiment, we demonstrate that associative inhibition of copulatory behaviors in male rats is not correlated with and cannot be attributed to a conditioned suppression of testosterone. each male rat was paired with an inaccessible estrous female for 7 min and was then given an opportunity to copulate. two groups received an injection of either lithium chlori ...	1992	1317591
coxsackie b1 virus-induced changes in cell membrane-associated functions are not responsible for altered sensitivity to bacterial invasiveness.	to analyze the possible mechanisms by which coxsackie b1 virus infection affects the invasiveness of shigella flexneri, we have studied the influence of intracellular levels of na+ and k+, atpase activity, cytoplasmic membrane potential, camp level and cell communication through gap junctions. 3h after adsorption of viable or uv-inactivated coxsackie b1 virus the na(+)-k+ gradient of the cell collapsed, atpase activity decreased, the cytoplasmic membranic potential-dependent tetraphosphonium ion ...	1992	1318709
new monoclonal antibodies for the detection of immediate early antigens of cytomegalovirus.	two new monoclonal antibodies, cie-1 and cie-2, were developed for the rapid detection of human cytomegalovirus (hcmv) infection. they were found to be reactive with immediate early protein of hcmv in the nuclei of infected fibroblasts, as early as 3 hours post-infection. by radioimmunoprecipitation, cie-1 was found to react with a protein with an apparent molecular weight of 70,000, whereas cie-2 precipitated 2 proteins of 70,000 and 72,000 daltons, respectively. both monoclonal antibodies reco ...	1992	1319172
lactoferrin-binding proteins in shigella flexneri.	the ability of shigella flexneri to interact with lactoferrin (lf) was examined with a 125i-labeled protein-binding assay. the percent binding of human lactoferrin (hlf) and bovine lactoferrin (blf) to 45 s. flexneri strains was 19 +/- 3 and 21 +/- 3 (mean +/- standard error of the mean), respectively. 125i-labeled hlf and blf binding to strain m90t reached an equilibrium within 2 h. unlabeled hlf and blf displaced the 125i-hlf-bacteria interaction in a dose-dependent manner. the lf-bacterium co ...	1992	1319403
enrofloxacin treatment of long-tailed macaques with acute bacillary dysentery due to multiresistant shigella flexneri iv.	thirty-four cases of acute bacillary dysentery occurred within 90 days among macaques housed at the california regional primate research center. cases were identified by depression, diarrhea with blood and leukocytic exudate, and/or leukocytosis with a left shift. antimicrobial susceptibility testing of enteric isolates and plasmid profile analyses established an etiologic diagnosis of multiple antibiotic resistant shigella flexneri iv infection. when standard therapies were invalidated by high ...	1992	1320152
serotonergic fibres degenerating in the aging rat brain or sprouting from grafted fetal neurons are not affected by the neurotrophic acth analogue org 2766.	the effects of chronic treatment with the purported neurotrophic factor acth(4-9) analogue org 2766 were studied on age-related degeneration of serotonergic fibres and on gliosis in the rat hippocampus and caudate putamen complex. in addition, the potential growth-promoting effects of org 2766 were investigated on fetal serotonergic cells implanted in a previously denervated hippocampus of young adult rats. chronic treatment of rats from the age of 11 months to 17-18 months did not affect the in ...	1992	1326283
[inhibitory effect of refined amorphophallus konjac on mnng-induced lung cancers in mice].	550 seven-wk-old laca mice were used in 3 batches for studying the inhibitory effect of refined amorphophallus konjac (konjaku powder) on mnng-induced lung cancers. the mice (within each batch) were randomly allocated into four groups, namely, positive control (mnng), amorphophallus konjac (a. k.), complex (mnng+a. k.), and blank control (c) groups. in mnng group, mnng (250 micrograms) was injected intravenously once every five days for seven times in each mouse, the total dosage of mnng being 1 ...	1992	1327690
interferon treatment reduced adherence, invasiveness and intracellular multiplication of shigella flexneri in coxsackie b1 virus-infected cells.	the effect of interferon treatment on interaction of shigella flexneri with in vitro cultured cells was investigated. pretreatment of hep-2 cells with human interferons had no effect on the susceptibility of cells to s. flexneri, measured by invasiveness and adhesiveness. human leukocyte interferon and human recombinant interferon-alpha-a reduced adhesiveness, intracellular multiplication and invasiveness of s. flexneri in hep-2 cells preinfected with coxsackie b1 virus. also non-receptor mediat ...	1992	1329437
regulation of virulence-associated plasmid genes in enteroinvasive escherichia coli.	the transposon tnphoa was used for construction of gene fusions and for studies of gene regulation in an enteroinvasive strain of escherichia coli. several plasmid-encoded virulence genes (e.g., the ipab and virg operons) of such enteroinvasive strains are subject to coordinated thermoregulation involving both operon-specific (the virb and virf activators) and global regulators. the nucleoid-associated e. coli protein h-ns was shown to be a negative regulator as judged by studies using h-ns gene ...	1992	1332938
mxij, a lipoprotein involved in secretion of shigella ipa invasins, is homologous to yscj, a secretion factor of the yersinia yop proteins.	shigella flexneri causes bacillary dysentery by invading epithelial cells of the colonic mucosa. the invasion process requires the synthesis and secretion of the virulence plasmid-encoded ipa proteins. using tnphoa mutagenesis, we have identified two virulence plasmid genes, mxij and mxim, that encode proteins exported by the general export pathway. analysis of the mxij and mxim deduced amino acid sequences suggested that mxij and mxim might encode lipoproteins, which was confirmed by [3h]palmit ...	1992	1332940
[toxic megacolon due to shigella: a report of a new case].	a new case of shigella-caused megacolon is described in detailed form. some considerations are made about frequency, pathology, clinic and prognostic features.	1992	1340679
[shigellosis in children of the ix region of chile: clinical and epidemiologic aspects and antibiotic sensitivity].	ninety four children with diarrhea and a positive stool culture for shigella, hospitalized at the hospital regional de temuco, were studied. forty six percent of patients were less than two years old. forty two percent of microorganisms were resistant to ampicillin, 45% to trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, 8% to tetracycline and none to chloramphenicol. isolated species were shigella flexneri 83% and shigella sonnei 17%. seventy nine percent of patients had fever, 60% dysentery and 21.3% seizures. ...	1992	1340946
[bacteriology of shigella isolated in a tropical zone chu].	from 1981 to 1991, five hundred eighty one shigella's strains were isolated in the laboratories of the chu fann of dakar. they represent 24.8 per cent of enteropathogen agents and 4.3 per cent of diarrhoeae causative agents. shigella flexneri was predominant (71%), following by shigella dysenteriae (14.5%), shigella sonnei (11.4%) and shigella boydii (2.5%). in pediatric hospital 90 per cent of strains were isolated between 1 and 5 years age; in adults, the pic was found from 20 to 30 years. fiv ...	1992	1345084
effect of overproduction of heat shock chaperones groesl and dnak on human procollagenase production in escherichia coli.	the effect of overexpression of the heat shock chaperone genes dnak and groesl on heterologous protein production in escherichia coli was examined, using a set of related human procollagenase proteins. a diverse range of effects on protein solubility, secretion, and accumulation was observed, and these effects were highly dependent on the particular chaperone/procollagenase pairing involved. both chaperones caused a large increase in the apparent solubility of a fusion of the lamb signal peptide ...	1992	1346610
brain somatostatin receptor-g protein interaction. g alpha c-terminal antibodies demonstrate coupling of the soluble receptor with gi(1-3) but not with go.	somatostatin (sst) receptors activate potassium channels, stimulate protein phosphatases, inhibit adenylate cyclase and close calcium channels. these multiple effects are controlled by guanine nucleotide binding (g) proteins of the pertussis toxin-sensitive gi and go types. in the present study we have identified the g proteins coupling with brain sst receptors. to this end, brain sst receptors were solubilized in g-protein coupled form. binding of the sst analogue mk 678 to the solubilized rece ...	1992	1346612
calcium utilization coupled to stimulation of postjunctional alpha-1 and alpha-2 adrenoceptors in isolated human resistance arteries.	human s.c. resistance arteries (internal diameters 158-353 microns) were mounted in a microvascular myograph, and experiments were designed to examine the calcium pools utilized by selective stimulation of alpha-1 and alpha-2 adrenoceptors. in a concentration-dependent manner, phenylephrine and b-ht 933 evoked contractions mediated by alpha-1 and alpha-2 adrenoceptors, respectively, both in calcium-containing and in calcium-free saline. with respect to the maximum response to potassium in calciu ...	1992	1346639
sexual transmission of htlv infections in southern india.		1992	1346809
medial vestibular nucleus in the guinea-pig: nmda-induced oscillations.	we have recently shown in vivo that n-methyl-d-aspartate (nmda) receptors are present in the guinea-pig vestibular complex and demonstrated that they are involved in the regulation of the resting discharge of vestibular neurones. a parallel in vitro study has identified in the guinea-pig medial vestibular nuclei (mvn) two main neuronal cell types, a and b mvnn, differing by their intrinsic membrane properties. one subtype of b mvnn was further characterized by the presence of a low threshold cal ...	1992	1347271
purification and determination of glutamine synthetase by high-performance immunoaffinity chromatography.	high-performance immunoaffinity chromatography (hpiac) with anti-glutamine synthetase polyclonal antibodies bound to epoxy-activated silica was used to purify and determine this enzyme from the cyanobacterium synechocystis. a single-step hpiac procedure with cell-free extracts yielded electroporetically homogeneous glutamine synthetase. in the determination of glutamine synthetase by hpiac a linear response in the range 10-60 micrograms of enzyme was observed. recoveries of 70% of the loaded enz ...	1992	1347294
phenotypic and functional studies on ocular t cells during herpetic infections of the eye.	herpetic stromal keratitis an inflammatory disease of the eye resulting from herpes simplex virus type 1 infection, is a common cause of blindness. the disease is generally considered to represent an immunopathologic response, but the exact mechanism remains in doubt and is subject to debate. we have investigated the nature of inflammatory cells in the eye and have isolated ocular cells to establish their phenotype and determine some of their functions. by means of immunocytochemistry and cytofl ...	1992	1347309
[h2-receptor antagonist-refractory ulcer--its pathophysiology and role of proton-pump inhibitors].	among h2-receptor antagonist (h2ra)-refractory ulcers, non-responders that did not heal after 5 months therapy had high intraluminal ph in the basal condition and high sensitivity to inhibition of acid secretion by h2ra but possessed gastric mucosa to generate less prostaglandins. combination therapy of pge1-analogue with h2ra healed these ulcers by 60%. proton-pump inhibitor (ppi) exerted a complete inhibition of acid secretion in these patients and the rate of healing was 88%. helicobacter pyl ...	1992	1347325
testing an anti-hiv trio.		1992	1347353
modification of dena-induced hepatocarcinogenesis by ccl4 cirrhosis. comparison of the marker enzyme patterns.	the modifying action of chronic liver injury on the process of hepatocarcinogenesis was investigated. to induce cirrhosis or fibrosis f344 rats received ccl4 alone or in combination with phenobarbital, either before (model 1) or after (model 2) the application of initiator, diethylnitrosamine (dena). in these models, morphology, tumor incidence as well as polysubstrate monooxygenase system, gamma-glutamyltransferase (ggt) and glucose-6-phosphatase (g-6-pase) were studied. the data presented show ...	1992	1350234
a model of interaction between entamoeba histolytica and shigella flexneri.	the establishment of a relationship between entamoeba histolytica and certain bacteria may contribute to the expression and/or enhancement of the pathogenicity of this parasite. recent experiments have shown that bacteria expressing mannose-binding lectins on their surface could attach to mannose-containing molecules on the surface of amoebae. in this study, we established a model of interaction between. e. histolytica and shigella flexneri. using well-characterized mutants of s. flexneri, we st ...	1992	1353632
characterization of serpulina (treponema) hyodysenteriae and related intestinal spirochetes by ribosomal rna gene restriction patterns.	serpulina (treponema) hyodysenteriae strain a-1 partially purified rrna, labelled with photobiotin, was used as a non-radioactive probe to identify the rrna gene restriction patterns of s. hyodysenteriae strains and other spirochetes. sau3a restriction enzyme digests resulted in similar rrna gene restriction patterns in s. hyodysenteriae strains from five different countries. some s. hyodysenteriae strains could be differentiated by variations in their rrna gene restriction patterns after cleava ...	1992	1354196
glutathione homeostasis in rats chronically treated with ethanol. evidence for an increased hepatic gsh export in vivo.	the influence of chronic ethanol feeding to rats on the hepatic glutathione (gsh and gssg) system (synthesis, catabolism, export) and on the gsh and gssg concentrations in extrahepatic tissues was investigated. histological examination of livers from ethanol pretreated rats revealed a minor dilatation of the hepatic sinusoids. after ethanol administration the distribution pattern of gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase (enzymehistochemistry) was nearly unchanged, but the hepatic activity of this enzyme ...	1992	1360286
hepatitis b virus infection among aboriginal children in eastern taiwan.	hepatitis b virus (hbv) infection is endemic in taiwan, with 15-20% of the adult population carrying the surface antigen (hbsag). hualien in eastern taiwan is relatively isolated from other parts of the island by the central mountains. the status of hbv infection among mountain aborigines in hualien has not been studied on a large scale before. a survey of serum hbsag and its antibody (anti-hbs) was conducted in 1989. a total of 3,287 children from 27 primary schools in three mountainous countie ...	1992	1360296
inhibitory effect of a microcystis sp (cyanobacteria) toxin on development of preimplantation mouse embryos.	1. a soluble toxin, purified from the algae bloom of an eutrophic lake dominated by microcystis, is a very effective inhibitor of early embryo development in a dose-response relationship. 2. two- and 8-cell mouse embryos under the influence of microcystis toxin do not reach the developmental stages of morula and blastocyst, respectively. 3. actin cortex is disorganized without change in the microtubules structure. 4. results are discussed in terms of the possible mechanisms by which the toxin ar ...	1992	1360361
transport characteristics of cephalosporin antibiotics across intestinal brush-border membrane in man, rat and rabbit.	the uptake of orally active cephalosporins, ceftibuten and cephradine, by intestinal brush-border membrane vesicles isolated from man, rat and rabbit was studied. in the presence of an inward h+ gradient, ceftibuten but not cephradine was taken up into intestinal brush-border membrane vesicles of man and rat against the concentration gradient (overshoot phenomenon). in rabbit jejunal brush-border membrane vesicles, the uptake of both cephalosporins in the presence of an inward h+ gradient exhibi ...	1992	1361560
studies on novel pili from shigella flexneri. i. detection of pili and hemagglutination activity.	pili were detected using electron microscopy in clinical isolates of shigella flexneri which had been continuously subcultivated in liquid media. morphologically, the pili appeared as thin, flexible, cylindrical structures of up to 2-5 microns in length and about 3-5 nm in diameter. two strains showed mannose-resistant (mr) hemagglutination to fresh fowl erythrocytes (type 4), and one to tannic acid-treated horse erythrocyte (type 3) pili. these pili are novel and different from the mannose-sens ...	1992	1361958
effect of enterovirus infection on susceptibility of hela cells to shigella flexneri invasivity.	invasiveness of shigella flexneri m90t in hela cells was significantly increased when cells were preinfected with poliovirus 1, coxsackievirus b3 and echovirus 6. this effect was dependent on the dose of virus used, evident at early stages of viral infection and lasted hours before the appearance of a cytopathic effect. an increase of bacterial invasion ability was also noticed when hela cells were incubated with uv-inactivated enteroviruses. this enhancing effect obtained with both viable and u ...	1992	1364020
characterization of zymomonas mobilis alkaline phosphatase activity in escherichia coli.	zymomonas mobilis phoa gene encoding alkaline phosphatase was expressed in escherichia coli cc118 carrying the recombinant plasmid pzap1. the ph optimum for this enzyme was 9.0 and showed a peak activity at 42 degrees c. this enzyme required zn2+ for its catalytic activity; however, mg2+ or ca2+ significantly affected the activity. this enzyme was found to be ethanolabile, and ethanol inhibition was reversed by addition of zn2+. kinetics of z. mobilis alkaline phosphatase production in e. coli c ...	1992	1369189
lomefloxacin versus trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole in the treatment of adults with acute bacterial diarrhea.	this study compared the efficacy and safety of lomefloxacin with that of trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (tmp/smx) in the treatment of adult patients with acute diarrhea of bacterial etiology. two centers enrolled a total of 133 patients; 99 (74%) presented with severe symptoms. the patients were randomized to receive either lomefloxacin 400 mg once daily (n=68) or tmp/smx 160/800 mg twice daily (n=65) for five days. bacteriologic success was achieved in 89.5% of evaluation lomefloxacin-treated pa ...	1992	18611521
shigella flexneri bacteriuria in a saudi child.		1992	17587005
nursing care study: a patient with a fractured facial skeleton.		1992	257440
involvement [editoral].		1992	265463
who bridges the gap?		1992	257212
what future for the nhs? everyone agrees: there are far too many bureaucrats!		1992	257590
[nursing department].		1992	257664
child care has changed in kasai mohalla.		1992	257528
intensive care of the newborn--8. a baby with gastroschisis.		1992	257519
implications of euthanasia--a nursing perspective.		1992	265356
inhibited growth of common enteropathogenic bacteria in lactic-fermented cereal gruels.	a natural lactic fermentation of mixtures of water and whole flour of either maize or high-tannin sorghum was obtained either before or after cooking to a weaning gruel: the preparations had a final ph of about 3.8 (range 3.67 to 4.00) and a ratio of lactic acid to acetic acid of 9∶1 (w/w). the growth of added (about 10(7) c.f.u./g gruel) gram-negative intestinal pathogenic bacteria, enterotoxigenicescherichia coli, campylobacter jejuni, shigella flexneri andsalmonella typhimurium, was strongly ...	1992	24425608
teaching the nursing process: the nurse educator.		1992	257461
renal cell carcinoma metastatic to the mandible.		1992	270568
[a case of infant temporomandibular arthrosis (author's transl)].		1992	270532
cytoskeleton regulates beta-adrenergic hormonal stimulation in normal and leukemic white blood cells.		1992	207582
practice commission completes its pilot project in quality assurance.		1992	257313
the hypochondriac with the broken leg in bed one: a case for liaison psychiatric nursing.		1992	257148
feature study tour index (conclusion).		1992	257146
[one direction of pediatric nursing in the united states--pediatric nurse practitioners].		1992	257095
[health care and the church].		1991	2272079
veterinarian versus phone company.		1991	245217
[plasmatic ampc and gmpc changes in asthmatic patients induced by beta stimulation or blockade and methylcholine (author's transl)].		1991	208056
the external doctorate.		1991	258329
[listeriasis].		1991	259054
teenage sexuality.		1991	259025
amputation: surgical technique and postoperative management.	the decision to amputate should be made with due consideration of the eventual rehabilitation of the patient. with this in mind, general principles of amputation surgery are outlined and specific levels of amputation are described. early post-amputation management has advanced over the last two decades to make rehabilitation goals the more readily reached. these advances are discussed.	1991	269712
an investigation of occupational hand-arm vibration.		1991	270380
[elementary resuscitation for nurses].		1991	258907
questions from an adn teacher: teaching basic nursing skills.		1991	258016
on unprofessional conduct: court ruling sets precedent.		1991	257908
pilot study on dental erosion in a norwegian electrolytic zinc factory.	in 12 workers in a norwegian factory using electrolytic methods to extract zinc, a relationship was found to exist between degree of erosion, number of teeth affected and the length of service. the prevalence of caries, abrasion and attrition was not higher than in comparable population groups. the correlation between diagnosis of erosion based on clinical examination, and diagnosis based on evaluation of color slides was good.	1991	269772
the poland anomalad: a clinical and cytogenetic study of seven cases.	seven patients with poland anomalad, 6 males and one female, are reported. four were affected on the right and 3 on the left side. the clinical, radiological and cytogenetic findings in these cases are discussed. in all the patients the nipples were asymmetric, the one on the affected side was sometimes set higher or lower than the one on the normal side, in relation to the extent of the muscle defect. one patient had coloboma of the iris. there was a greater variability of the defect of the upp ...	1991	207076
cloning and expression in escherichia coli of mercuric ion resistance coding genes from zymomonas mobilis.	from a genomic library of zymomonas mobilis prepared in escherichia coli, two clones (carrying pzh4 and pzh5) resistant to the mercuric ion were isolated. on partial restriction analysis these two clones appeared to have the same 2.9 kb insert. mercuric reductase activity was assayed from the escherichia coli clone carrying pzh5 and it was hg(2+)-inducible, nadh dependent and also required 2-mercaptoethanol for its activity. the plasmid pzh5 encoded three polypeptides, mercuric reductase (mera; ...	1991	1367242
primary and metastatic pulmonary meningioma.	patient 1 was a 53-year-old man who had a very rare primary pulmonary meningioma that developed in the left lingular segment. when this report was written, 7 years had passed since he underwent operation, and no recurrence of the meningioma had been detected. in patient 2, a 61-year-old woman, multiple pulmonary metastases were confirmed 19 years after she had undergone operation for multiple cerebellar meningiomas, and the metastases were resected. after 2 years, multiple intraperitoneal metast ...	1991	1991305
controlled expression of the transcriptional activator gene virg in agrobacterium tumefaciens by using the escherichia coli lac promoter.	the agrobacterium virg protein is normally expressed from two promoters in response to multiple stimuli, including plant-released phenolics (at promoter p1) and acidic growth media (at promoter p2). to simplify the analysis of vir gene induction, we sought to create agrobacterium strains in which virg could be expressed in a controllable fashion. to study the possibility of using the lac promoter and repressor, we constructed a plasmid containing the lac promoter fused to the lacz structural gen ...	1991	1991713
in vitro studies on steroidogenesis in the presence of pregnenolone as precursors by the follicular tissue of the domestic fowl (gallus domesticus).	chicken granulosa and theca cells were isolated from f1 and f4-6 follicles 2-4 h before ovulation, and the amounts of progesterone, testosterone and oestradiol released in the medium during incubation for 3 h, in the presence or absence of pregnenolone as a percursor and stimulatory drugs or inhibitory drugs, were measured. progesterone synthesis by granulosa cells was stimulated with olh or theophylline. much more progesterone was synthesized when pregnenolone was added to the medium. the amoun ...	1991	1997117
virulence plasmids of enteroinvasive escherichia coli and shigella flexneri integrate into a specific site on the host chromosome: integration greatly reduces expression of plasmid-carried virulence genes.	the ability of enteroinvasive escherichia coli and shigella flexneri to cause disease depends on the presence of a large virulence plasmid (pinv). in this report we show that phn280, the pinv of the o135:k-:h- enteroivasive strain e. coli hn280, and pwr100, the pinv of s. flexneri serotype 5 strain m90t, are able to integrate into a specific site on the host chromosome. pinv-integrated hn280 and m90t strains required methionine (met-) to grow in minimal medium, were noninvasive, did not produce ...	1991	1997431
site and strand specificity of uvb mutagenesis in the sup4-0 gene of yeast.		1991	2000411
comparative efficacy of ceftriaxone and ampicillin for treatment of severe shigellosis in children.	in a prospective randomized open study, ceftriaxone, 50 mg/kg per day, was compared with ampicillin, 100 mg/kg per day, both given for a period of 5 days, for the treatment of 40 children whose mean (+/- sd) age was 4.5 +/- 3.2 years and who had severe dysentery caused by shigella organisms. twenty patients were treated with ceftriaxone and 20 with ampicillin. both drugs were initially given intravenously for a period of 1 to 2 days and were continued intramuscularly, in the case of ceftriaxone, ...	1991	2007941
construction of aromatic dependent shigella flexneri 2a live vaccine candidate strains: deletion mutations in the aroa and the arod genes.	live shigella flexneri 2a vaccine candidate strains with deletion mutations in the aro genes were constructed. tn10-generated auxotrophic mutations were transduced from escherichia coli to s. flexneri 2a with bacteriophage p1cmcts. the tetracycline-sensitive derivatives of tn10 mutants obtained were selected on bochner's medium and checked by dna-dna hybridization using aroa and arod gene specific probes. the vaccine candidate strains were tested to assess the efficacy of protection in guinea-pi ...	1991	2008803
molecular characterization of the o-acetyl transferase gene of converting bacteriophage sf6 that adds group antigen 6 to shigella flexneri.	bacteriophage sf6 antigenically converts shigella flexneri serotype y strains (-;3,4) to type 3b carrying group antigen 6,3,4 by means of an o-acetylation of the o-antigenic polysaccharide chain. the gene for o-acetyl transferase of bacteriophage sf6 has been cloned, identified and sequenced. the predicted o-acetyl transferase protein encoded by this gene was found to consist of 333 amino acids, (37,185 daltons) and to have some similarity with the galactose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase prote ...	1991	2014005
pathogenicity of foodborne salmonella.	salmonella remains a leading etiological agent in bacterial foodborne diseases. although human salmonellosis generally presents as a self-limiting episode of enterocolitis, the disease can degenerate into chronic and debilitating conditions. antibiotic treatment of uncomplicated salmonellosis is contra-indicated because it tends to prolong the carrier state. clinical management of systemic infections with newer drugs such as third-generation cephalosporins and quinolones is most promising, parti ...	1991	2018704
stress fiber-based movement of shigella flexneri within cells.	icsa (virg), a gene located on pwr100, the virulence plasmid of shigella flexneri serotype 5 (m90t), encodes a 120-kda outer membrane protein. this protein promotes a random intracellular movement of the bacteria and leads to the infection of adjacent cells by the formation of protrusions. this movement, which involves the nucleation, polymerization, and subsequent polarization of actin, is referred to as the ics phenotype (intra/intercellular spread). here we present evidence that a second, dis ...	1991	2019438
efficacy of aqueous extract of garlic & allicin in experimental shigellosis in rabbits.	the aqueous extract of garlic (allium sativum) and allicin both showed significant in vitro antibacterial activity against isolates of multiple drug-resistant shigella dysenteriae 1, sh. flexneri y, sh. sonnei and enterotoxigenic escherichia coli. the minimum inhibitory concentrations of the aqueous extract and allicin against sh. flexneri y were 5 and 0.4 microliters/ml, respectively. the two agents also showed promising in vivo antibacterial activity against sh. flexneri y when tested in the r ...	1991	2022399
antimicrobial effect of fermented ghanaian maize dough.	unhygienic conditions of a typical rural community in a developing country were simulated in the laboratory by inoculating fermented maize dough porridge with shigella flexneri and enterotoxigenic escherichia coli (etec). the antimicrobial effects of the different processes involved in the preparation of fermented maize dough porridge were assessed. the soaking process reduced the ph but no antimicrobial effect against shigella and etec was noted. unfermented maize dough did not inhibit any of t ...	1991	2030095
two novel virulence loci, mxia and mxib, in shigella flexneri 2a facilitate excretion of invasion plasmid antigens.	a bank of over 4,200 lacz protein fusions in shigella flexneri 2a was screened for fusions to temperature-regulated promoters. one mutant, bs260, was completely noninvasive on hela cells and mapped to a region on the 220-kb virulence plasmid in which we had previously localized several avirulent temperature-regulated operon fusions (a.e. hromockyj and a.t. maurelli, infect. immun. 57:2963-2970, 1989). the phenotype of bs260 was similar to that of the previously identified mxi (membrane expressio ...	1991	2037361
dose-related effects of prenatal 5-methoxytryptamine (5-mt) on development of serotonin terminal density and behavior.	our previous studies with a tissue culture model of neuronal development have shown that the development of serotonin neurons is dependent, at least in part, on the stimulation of high affinity serotonin receptors. one receptor inhibits the outgrowth of neurons, while the other promotes it. the present study was therefore undertaken to replicate these findings in a whole animal model system. pregnant sprague-dawley rats were treated from gestational day 12 until birth with 0.1, 1.0 or 3.0 mg/kg ...	1991	2040080
four decades of shigellosis in israel: epidemiology of a growing public health problem.	despite the improved standard of living in israel, shigellosis remains a common disease. examination of trends in the incidence of shigellosis in israel between 1951 and 1987 showed a period of declining rates followed by an increase in the reported incidence beginning around 1969. this increase was mainly due to shigella sonnei; rates of infection with shigella flexneri remained relatively constant. trends showed marked differences between age groups and between ethnic groups. in comparison, th ...	1991	2041956
abrogation of dominant glucose intolerance in sjl mice by a growth hormone transgene.	glucose tolerance was studied in transgenic mice (sjl x c57bl/6) expressing human gh under the control of a housekeeping promoter. parental sjl mice were found to harbour a dominant allele, termed here glid, determining glucose intolerance in pure-bred animals and in f1 hybrids with glucose-tolerant c57bl/6 mice. blood glucose levels in transgenic sjl x c57bl/6 hybrid mice were well controlled following glucose challenge, whereas non-transgenic hybrids failed to control their glucose adequately. ...	1991	2043241
mind over muscle.		1991	2044511
gentle exercise with a previously inactive muscle group hastens the decline of blood lactate concentration after strenuous exercise.	the aim of this study was to elucidate the mechanism by which the disappearance of blood lactate following severe exercise is enhanced during active recovery in comparison with recovery at rest. rates of decline of arterialised venous blood lactate concentrations in man after maximal one-leg exercise were compared during four different modes of recovery: passive (pr), exercise of the muscles involved in the initial exercise (sl), exercise of the corresponding muscles in the hitherto-inactive leg ...	1991	2044538
fumonisin mycotoxins and equine leukoencephalomalacia.		1991	2045319
epidemiologic aspects of shigellosis and other causes of dysentery in thailand.	nearly 20% of children seen in the outpatient department of children's hospital in bangkok, thailand, for diarrheal disease had bloody diarrhea. shigella species and enteroinvasive escherichia coli--isolated from 13% and 2% of children with diarrhea, respectively--were the most frequent causes of bloody diarrhea. campylobacter species and nontyphoidal salmonella species were also isolated frequently but were much less often associated with bloody diarrhea. shigella species were rarely isolated f ...	1991	2047642
shigellosis in vietnam: seroepidemiologic studies with use of lipopolysaccharide antigens in enzyme immunoassays.	the performance of enzyme immunoassays (eias) with use of o-antigen-containing lipopolysaccharides (lpss) extracted with phenol-water from shigella dysenteriae type 1, shigella flexneri serotypes 1a-5b, and shigella sonnei for determination of the serum antibody responses after onset of bacillary dysentery is reviewed. for the purpose of several studies, serum samples from a total of 175 vietnamese and 47 swedish patients, for whom shigella species had been isolated from fecal specimens, were ob ...	1991	2047643
mortality due to shigellosis: community and hospital data.	almost all fatal cases of shigellosis occur in developing countries, and data on mortality are generally compiled from three sources: investigations of epidemics caused by shigella dysenteriae type 1, surveillance of endemic diarrheal disease, and reports from hospitals. attack rates during epidemics of dysentery due to infection with s. dysenteriae type 1 have ranged from 1% to 33%, and case-fatality rates have ranged from 1% to 7%. in matlab, a rural district in bangladesh, most diarrhea-relat ...	1991	2047645
shiga toxin: intestinal cell receptors and pathophysiology of enterotoxic effects.	shiga toxin is enterotoxic in rabbit small bowel and binds to the microvillus membrane (mvm). the toxin exhibits specificity for glycolipids possessing a terminal gal-alpha 1----4gal disaccharide, including the neutral glycolipid gb3 in mvm. gb3, which is developmentally regulated in the rabbit small bowel, is present in very low concentration until the animals reach day 16 of life. in older animals an increase in gb3 content is paralleled by an increase in the ability of mvm to bind toxin, whic ...	1991	2047654
response to antimicrobial therapy for shigellosis in thailand.	shigella species have been one of the most common causes of acute diarrhea in bangkok, thailand. the incidence of shigellosis increased steadily from 1984 to 1988. the majority of shigella species isolated from specimens from patients with acute diarrhea in bangkok in 1988 were resistant to both ampicillin and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (tmp-smz). shigella flexneri was the most commonly isolated organism and had the highest rate of resistance to ampicillin, chloramphenicol, tmp-smz, and tetra ...	1991	2047660
an auxotrophic live oral shigella flexneri vaccine: development and testing.	through transduction, a wild-type strain of shigella flexneri serotype y (sfl1) was rendered auxotrophic and dependent on aromatic metabolites that are not available in mammalian tissues. monkeys that were orally vaccinated with 10(11) bacteria of the transductant strain sfl114 remained healthy when challenged with 10(11) bacteria of wild-type strains of s. flexneri serotypes y, 1b, and 2a. the safety and immunogenicity of sfl114 were next studied in volunteers who were given either 10(9) or 10( ...	1991	2047663
prospective study of systemic and mucosal immune responses in dysenteric patients to specific shigella invasion plasmid antigens and lipopolysaccharides.	shigellosis is a major cause of infant morbidity and mortality in developing countries. to find immunological correlates of specific protection against shigellosis, we examined chronological samples of sera, stool extracts, duodenal aspirates, and saliva samples from 39 adults and 22 children with shigellosis from peru for the presence of specific antibody to invasion plasmid antigens (ipa) common to all virulent shigella strains, by using both a whole-organism enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay ...	1991	2050402
[antibiotic therapy of acute dysentery in children with immunologic deficiency conditions].	one hundred children with acute sonnei and flexneri dysentery were followed up with respect to the infection process and main immunity indices. in 32 children the immunity indices were physiological (group 1) and in 68 children secondary immune deficiency was observed (group 2). the children were treated with aminoglycoside antibiotics and prodigiozan and it was stated that the time of recovery in the children with immune deficiency was longer by 5.2 days as compared to that in the children with ...	1991	2053823