Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| determinants of pathogenicity in xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria are related to proteins involved in secretion in bacterial pathogens of animals. | one of the model systems investigated for studying plant bacterial pathogenesis is xanthomonas campestris pv vesicatoria, the causal agent of bacterial spot disease of pepper and tomato. genes necessary for both basic pathogenicity and the induction of the hypersensitive response in resistant plants (hrp genes) were previously isolated from x. c. pv. vesicatoria and characterized genetically. as a first step toward functional analysis, part of the hrp gene cluster, making up several loci, was se ... | 1992 | 1472717 |
| antibody response to oral streptococci in behçet's disease. | the serum antibody titers against oral streptococci were studied by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) both in patients with behçet's disease (bd) and control groups. the patients with bd showed significantly higher antibody titers to s. sanguis strains 113-20, 114-23, and 118-1 which were isolated from patients with bd, in comparison with control groups. also, the reactions of high-titered sera to the crude cell wall and soluble (or membrane) fractions of the 113-20 strain were observed ... | 1992 | 1474932 |
| [bacillary dysentery--1990]. | 1992 | 1475396 | |
| [chemical and serological study of lipopolysaccharide isolated from shigella flexneri 88-893 possessing a new type-antigen]. | the o-specific polysaccharide chain which represents a new type-antigen in lipopolysaccharide (lps) of shigella flexneri 88-893 was investigated. the o-polysaccharide chain was found to be composed of repeating units comprising rhamnose, n-acetylglucosamine and glucose (3:1:2). in the passive hemolysis test, group-6 antiserum of s. flexneri exhibited a high hemolytic titer (50% hemolysis titer: 7,900) against sheep red blood cells (srbc) sensitized with intact 893 lps, but virtually no hemolytic ... | 1992 | 1484404 |
| the mode of action of cfad of escherichia coli and virf of shigella flexneri and other members of the arac family of positive regulators. | 1992 | 1484494 | |
| [rectal temperature-time of death nomogram: dependence of corrective factors of body weight in significant thermal insulating conditions]. | 98 test coolings were made under various cooling conditions (moving air, two types of both clothing and covering) on dummies of real masses of 1, 3.3, 9.9, 24.5 and 33.4 kg resp. which cool under standard conditions (unclothed, uncovered, still air) like human bodies of 14, 33, 41, 83 and 104 kg resp. the results provide evidence on a nonlinear dependence of corrective factors of body weight upon the body weight. the dynamics of the dependence increases with the thickness of thermic isolation. t ... | 1992 | 1489321 |
| avoidance of endotoxin-induced inflammation during studies of albumin clearance from caprine joints. | intra-articular injection of radiolabelled, commercial goat serum albumin (gsa) produces acute arthritis in caprine joints. this inflammation distorts clearance values and vitiates studies of normal lymphatic function. endotoxin, routinely found in commercial albumin preparations, appears to cause this local reaction. we describe a simple method for the preparation of low-endotoxin, radioiodinated serum albumin from aseptically collected serum. we have used this technique to prepare gsa for use ... | 1992 | 1489542 |
| characterization, specificity, and igv gene usage of anti-lymphocyte monoclonal antibodies from perinatal mice. | previous studies have shown that cd5+ b cells predominate during development of the immune system and frequently secrete self-reactive antibodies, some of which appear to influence the development of the adult b cell repertoire. in addition, we now show that a high frequency of perinatally derived antibodies react with lymphocytes. hybridomas derived from perinatal liver and splenic b cells and from spleens of adult balb/c and c57bl/6 mice were screened by immunofluorescence on thymocytes. anti- ... | 1992 | 1489727 |
| dna adduct measurements and tumor incidence during chronic carcinogen exposure in animal models: implications for dna adduct-based human cancer risk assessment. | 1992 | 1489923 | |
| icsb: a shigella flexneri virulence gene necessary for the lysis of protrusions during intercellular spread. | shigella flexneri causes bacillary dysentery by invading epithelial cells of the colonic mucosa. we have characterized the icsb gene which is located on the virulence plasmid pwr100. after inactivation of icsb, the mutant strain remained invasive, but formed abnormally small plaques on hela cell monolayers, colonized only the peripheral cells of caco-2 islets, and was unable to provoke a keratoconjunctivitis in guinea-pigs. examination of infected hela cells showed that the icsb mutant was able ... | 1992 | 1495389 |
| [territorial differences in the nature of the etiological structure of shigellosis--a pattern or chance?]. | 1992 | 1496882 | |
| presence of specific immunoglobulin a-secreting cells in peripheral blood after natural infection with shigella sonnei. | the appearance of antigen-specific immunoglobulin a (iga) antibody-secreting cells (ascs) following natural infection with shigella sonnei during a common-source outbreak caused by this organism was evaluated in a modified enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elispot). a mean iga asc value of 2,131.6/10(6) cells against homologous s. sonnei lipopolysaccharide (lps) was detected in blood samples obtained from patients with bacteriologically proven s. sonnei shigellosis 5 and 10 days after the onset ... | 1992 | 1500527 |
| antigenic homology of endotoxin with a coliform mastitis vaccine strain, escherichia coli o111:b4 (j5). | this study examined recognition of heterologous gram-negative endotoxin by antibodies recognizing common lipopolysaccharide core antigens. gram-negative endotoxins from 11 heterologous bacterial strains were tested for recognition by antibodies against common lipopolysaccharide core antigens. serum was harvested from a calf immunized with the rc mutant, escherichia coli o111:b4 (j5), and affinity purified against endotoxin derived from an ra mutant, salmonella typhimurium, producing an antibody ... | 1992 | 1500577 |
| molecular and cellular biology of shigella flexneri invasiveness: from cell assay systems to shigellosis. | 1992 | 1505204 | |
| [etiological structure of dysentery in the republic of armenia]. | in this work materials on the etiological structure of shigella infections at different territories of armenia are presented. four shigella species have been found to circulate in armenia. the dominating etiological agent is s. flexneri with s. sonnei also playing an important role. the serological picture of s. flexneri is characterized by the prevalence of subserovar 2a. | 1992 | 1509848 |
| [the correspondence theory and etiological structure of shigella infections]. | 1992 | 1509850 | |
| [sensitivity of shigella to antibiotics]. | three hundred and twenty two shigella cultures isolated from dysentery patients within 1986-1989 were tested with the use of standard paper disks for their sensitivity to levomycetin, streptomycin, tetracycline, monomycin, neomycin, kanamycin, erythromycin, gentamicin, carbenicillin, ampicillin, oxacillin, methicillin and doxycycline. the number of the cultures belonging to shigella sonnei amounted to 85.1 per cent of the total number of the strains studied. 91.9, 89.5, 87.3, 87.3, 80.1 and 80.1 ... | 1992 | 1514848 |
| single-dose ciprofloxacin for shigellosis in adults. | 1992 | 1522320 | |
| titres of class-specific antibodies against shigella and salmonella lipopolysaccharide antigens in colostrum and breast milk of costa rican, swedish and vietnamese mothers. | enzyme immunoassays (eia) were used to estimate titres of class-specific antibodies against purified and chemically defined phenol-water-extracted lipopolysaccharide (lps) antigens of salmonella serogroup b (bo), shigella dysenteriae type i, plesiomonas shigelloides (the same o-antigen as shigella sonnei) and shigella flexneri y. titres in colostrum and breast milk of swedish, vietnamese and costa rican mothers from various socioeconomic conditions were compared. the antibodies were mainly of th ... | 1992 | 1522329 |
| efficacy of bovine milk immunoglobulin concentrate in preventing illness after shigella flexneri challenge. | the protective efficacy of oral bovine immunoglobulin concentrates derived from colostrum against challenge with shigella flexneri was studied in healthy adult volunteers in a randomized, double-blind fashion. volunteers were given a product consisting of hyperimmune immunoglobulin concentrate with a high titer of anti-s. flexneri 2a lipopolysaccharide (lps) with sodium bicarbonate or a control preparation with sodium bicarbonate three times a day for seven days. on the third day of treatment, v ... | 1992 | 1524140 |
| influence of inhibitors of lipid biosynthesis on the production of avermectins in streptomyces avermitilis. | streptomyces avermitilis was grown in the presence of four inhibitors of fatty acid biosynthesis (p-chlorophenoxyacetic, dl-2-(p-chlorophenoxy)-propionic, 2-(p-chlorophenoxy)-2-methyl-propionic and p-fluorophenoxyacetic acids). the production of total lipids was inhibited and the cellular content of individual types of fatty acids was altered by these compounds. the anteiso-acid content decreased by up to one-half, whereas the content of iso-odd acids increased 10-fold in the presence of inhibit ... | 1992 | 1526463 |
| low levels of coagulation inhibitors in patients with clostridium difficile infection. | to investigate levels of coagulation inhibitors in sera from patients with clostridium difficile-associated diarrhoea and colitis, commercially available antigen assays were used for immunochemical determination of antithrombin iii, protein c and free protein s. sera from patients with clostridium difficile-associated diarrhoea and colitis showed significantly lowered levels of all measured inhibitors as compared to controls (student's t test). protein c (mean +/- sd): 0.70 +/- 0.30 vs. 1.28 +/- ... | 1992 | 1533851 |
| risk factors for suicide attempts in a human immunodeficiency virus screening program. | 1992 | 1539099 | |
| carcinoid tumor of the pancreas with obstructive pancreatitis. | a case of primary pancreatic enterochromaffin cell (ec cell) carcinoid tumor in a 66-yr-old japanese man is presented. the markedly dilated main pancreatic duct was noticed at the time of an incidental ultrasonogram during hospitalization for diabetes mellitus. endoscopic retrograde pancreatography showed stenosis of the main pancreatic duct at the body of the pancreas and dilated pancreatic ducts distal to the obstruction. a distal pancreatectomy was performed, together with splenectomy. macros ... | 1992 | 1539573 |
| relationship between intracellular ph and tension development in resting ventricular muscle and myocytes. | simultaneous measurements of intracellular ph (phi) and tension development were made in resting cat papillary muscles and resting ventricular myocytes (cat, guinea pig). ph microelectrodes and the fluorescent indicator carboxy-seminaphthorhodafluor-1 (snarf-1) were used to measure phi in muscles and myocytes, respectively. phi-induced changes in isometric muscle tension and myocyte length were elicited by variations in pco2, hco3-, and [nh4cl]. increased phi elevated resting tension and decreas ... | 1992 | 1539624 |
| fluid shear stress modulates cytosolic free calcium in vascular endothelial cells. | cytosolic free ca2+ concentration ([ca2+]i) was monitored in single and groups of fura-2-loaded bovine aortic endothelial cells (baec) during exposure to laminar fluid shear stress. application of a step increase in shear stress from 0.08 to 8 dyn/cm2 to confluent baec monolayers resulted in a transient increase in [ca2+]i, which attained a peak value in 15-40 s, followed by a decline to baseline within 40-80 s. the magnitude of the [ca2+]i responses increased with applied shear stress over the ... | 1992 | 1539628 |
| degradation of 2,4-dinitrotoluene by the lignin-degrading fungus phanerochaete chrysosporium. | under ligninolytic conditions, the white rot basidiomycete phanerochaete chrysosporium mineralizes 2,4-dinitrotoluene (i). the pathway for the degradation of i was elucidated by the characterization of fungal metabolites and oxidation products generated by lignin peroxidase (lip), manganese peroxidase (mnp), and crude intracellular cell extracts. the multistep pathway involves the initial reduction of i to yield 2-amino-4-nitrotoluene (ii). ii is oxidized by mnp to yield 4-nitro-1,2-benzoquinone ... | 1992 | 1539977 |
| salmonella peritonitis and splenic abscess in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus. | 1992 | 1540025 | |
| movement along actin filaments of the perijunctional area and de novo polymerization of cellular actin are required for shigella flexneri colonization of epithelial caco-2 cell monolayers. | shigella flexneri invades eucaryotic cells and grows in the cytoplasm. lysis of the phagosomal membrane is a prerequisite for both intracellular multiplication and movement of the bacteria that gain direct access to the host cell actin. in hela cells, bacteria generate their own movement essentially by inducing actin polymerization. polymerization of actin enables them to move rapidly and randomly in the cytoplasm and to spread from one cell to another through protrusions of the host cell membra ... | 1992 | 1541518 |
| nucleotide sequence and transcriptional regulation of a positive regulatory gene of shigella dysenteriae. | a 1,937 bp psti-hindiii fragment containing the ipar locus was cloned from the large invasion plasmid of shigella dysenteriae cg097, and its nucleotide sequence was completely determined. the ipar protein (35 kda, calculated from the dna sequence) was synthesized in escherichia coli chi 1411 minicells containing the 1,937-bp psti-hindiii fragment. to determine the regulatory role of ipar for ipa genes, we applied genetic complementation experiments using chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (cat) a ... | 1992 | 1541532 |
| shigella-specific iga in saliva of children with bacillary dysentery. | to study the secretory immune response after shigella infection, the anti-lipopolysaccharide and anti-shiga-toxin response in saliva, obtained from children with confirmed shigellosis and healthy children, were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and by western blot. children with infection showed high titers compared to healthy controls. after shigella dysenteriae type 1 infection a significant change in titer could be observed in a large number of cases, in contrast to shigella fle ... | 1992 | 1547024 |
| drug resistance and plasmid profile of shigellae in taiwan. | one hundred and twenty-eight shigella strains isolated from newborn and infant human faecal specimens at kaohsiung medical college hospital in taiwan were serogrouped, serotyped and examined for drug-resistance patterns and for the presence of plasmids. forty-seven per cent of the isolates were found to belong to the shigella sonnei serogroup, 41% to the s. flexneri group, 9% to the s. boydii group and 3% to the s. dysenteriae group. the serotype with the greatest number of strains was s. sonnei ... | 1992 | 1547844 |
| clinical and biological evaluation in von willebrand's disease of a von willebrand factor concentrate with low factor viii activity. | this study was carried out to assess the clinical efficacy in von willebrand's disease (vwd) of a new, very high purity (vhp), solvent/detergent (sd)-treated, vwf concentrate (vhp human von willebrand factor concentrate, biotransfusion) characterized by a high specific ristocetin cofactor (vwf:rco) activity and a low factor viii (fviii) coagulant activity (fviii:c). nine patients (four type i, one type iia, one type iib, one type iic, one type iii and one acquired type ii) were infused on 13 occ ... | 1992 | 1550779 |
| [molecular and cellular bases of the virulence of shigella flexneri]. | shigella flexneri, a gram negative bacillus, causes bacillary dysentery, an ulcerative disease of the human colon, by invading intestinal epithelial cells. entry into epithelial cells occurs via an induced phagocytic process which involves the actino-myosin complex. the host-cell receptor and the transmembrane signal which initiate reorganization of the cytoskeleton are under study. binding to integrins has recently been demonstrated in related models such as the entry of yersinia pseudotubercul ... | 1992 | 1554236 |
| auxotrophic live oral shigella flexneri vaccine protects monkeys against challenge with s. flexneri of different serotypes. | the aromatic-dependent live shigella flexneri y strain sfl114, attenuated by a tn10-inactivated arod gene, was given as an oral vaccine to 14 macaca fascicularis monkeys. a significant clinical attenuation of sfl114 was seen (p = 0.0058) as all vaccinated monkeys tolerated 2 x 10(10)-1 x 10(11) bacteria of sfl114, whereas four out of seven monkeys orally given 1 x 10(11) of the virulent parent strain sfl1 developed shigellosis. the average excretion time for sfl114 and sfl1 were 2 and 18 days, r ... | 1992 | 1557932 |
| endocrine responses in cows milked by hand and machine. | plasma concentrations of oxytocin, prolactin, and cortisol were compared in five swedish red and white cows milked by hand versus machine. cows were divided into two groups. one group was hand-milked; the other group was machine-milked. treatments were switched every other day. the experiment was carried out for 6 d. blood samples were taken prior to, during, and after milking and were assayed for hormones. more oxytocin and prolactin were released in hand-milked cows. there were no significant ... | 1992 | 1560139 |
| pulsatile growth hormone secretion during the breeding season in male reindeer and its association with hypophagia and weight loss. | male deer reduce food intake and lose weight during the breeding season (rut) in autumn. growth hormone (gh) is lipolytic in ruminants; therefore, pulsatile gh secretion was measured in three young reindeer (rangifer tarandus tarandus) bulls during the natural period of weight loss during rut. blood samples were withdrawn through a jugular cannula every 20 min for 16 hr on 5 occasions from late summer to early winter in unanaesthetised animals. the deer were group fed a pelleted concentrate rati ... | 1992 | 1563616 |
| shigellosis in thai children: epidemiologic, clinical and laboratory features. | two hundred thirty cases of shigellosis in children managed at chulalongkorn hospital from 1984 to 1988 were reviewed. the most common presentation included diarrhea, most frequently with mucus and blood, and fever. there were no deaths. the most common species was shigella flexneri (83.5%) which showed increasing resistance to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. | 1992 | 1565537 |
| childhood shigellosis in saudi arabia. | in this study 234 children with shigellosis were evaluated during a 6-year period. the ages ranged from 2 days to 13 years (mean, 3.4 years). sixty percent of the children were in the 1- to 4-year age group. one hundred four children were hospitalized and 130 were outpatients. most cases of shigellosis presented during the months of april-may and september-november. shigella flexneri accounted for 44% and shigella sonnei for 43% of the isolates. susceptibility testing showed that 54% were resist ... | 1992 | 1565538 |
| lipoprotein lipase and hepatic lipase activities are differentially regulated in isolated hepatocytes from neonatal rats. | lipoprotein lipase and hepatic lipase are members of the lipase gene family sharing a high degree of homology in their amino acid sequences and genomic organization. we have recently shown that isolated hepatocytes from neonatal rats express both enzyme activities. we show here that both enzymes are, however, differentially regulated. our main findings are: (i) fasting induced an increase of the lipoprotein lipase activity but a decrease of the hepatic lipase activity in whole liver, being in bo ... | 1992 | 1567912 |
| bioactive polymers: in vitro and in vivo study of controlled release neomycin. | neomycin is coupled on xanthan-a polysaccharide of microbial biosynthesis produced by xanthomonas campestris-through ionic complexation. the kinetics of neomycin release, in vitro, at ph = 8.2 is studied. a controlled release of neomycin, following a zero order kinetics is observed, regardless of the eluent flow. neomycin complexed on xanthan, administered in a unique daily dose to patients suffering from dysentery in the 100 cases taken in study, has shown a high clinical efficiency as compared ... | 1992 | 1573555 |
| bacterial lipopolysaccharide in synovial fluid cells in shigella triggered reactive arthritis. | 1992 | 1578474 | |
| ipab of shigella flexneri causes entry into epithelial cells and escape from the phagocytic vacuole. | by creating mutations within the shigella flexneri ipab gene, we have demonstrated that the invasion of epithelial cells is a three-step process encompassing adhesion on the cell surface, entry and lysis of the phagocytic vacuole allowing subsequent access to the cytoplasm. sc403, an insertion mutant which lacks expression of ipab but still expresses downstream genes, has been particularly studied. it is non-invasive, does not elicit actin polymerization, but binds to hela cells indicating that ... | 1992 | 1582426 |
| safety, immunogenicity, and efficacy in monkeys and humans of invasive escherichia coli k-12 hybrid vaccine candidates expressing shigella flexneri 2a somatic antigen. | a live, oral shigella vaccine, constructed by transfer of the 140-mda invasiveness plasmid from shigella flexneri 5 and the chromosomal genes encoding the group- and type-specific o antigen of s. flexneri 2a to escherichia coli k-12, was tested in humans. designated ecsf2a-1, this vaccine produced adverse reactions (fever, diarrhea, or dysentery) in 4 (31%) of 13 subjects who ingested a single dose of 1.0 x 10(9) cfu, while at better-tolerated doses (5.0 x 10(6) to 5.0 x 10(7) cfu), it provided ... | 1992 | 1587589 |
| novel invasion determinant of enteropathogenic escherichia coli plasmid plv501 encodes the ability to invade intestinal epithelial cells and hep-2 cells. | an escherichia coli k-12 transformant carrying 96.5-kb plasmid plv501 from enteropathogenic e. coli (epec) strain k798 is able to produce the same characteristic attaching-effacing lesions in a rabbit ileal biopsy explant model as its parent strain. cloned ecori-sali dna restriction fragments from this plasmid failed to reproduce the attaching-effacing lesions, but one recombinant plasmid, plv527, containing 4.5 kb of plv501 dna, conferred on e. coli dh1 transformants the ability to invade enter ... | 1992 | 1587591 |
| hla-b27 expression modulates gram-negative bacterial invasion into transfected l cells. | the mechanism by which hla-b27 confers genetic susceptibility to the seronegative spondyloarthropathies ankylosing spondylitis, reiter's syndrome, and reactive arthritis, is not well understood. the current concept of an extraarticular bacterial infection functioning as the triggering event in a genetically susceptible host suggests the possibility of direct microbial-mhc interaction. we have addressed the role of hla-b27 in microbial-host cell interaction by examining invasion by putatively art ... | 1992 | 1588045 |
| polymerase chain reaction analysis of renin in rat aortic smooth muscle. | controversy exists whether vascular smooth muscle cells in vivo synthesize renin, thereby providing a critical component of the hypothesized vascular renin-angiotensin system. to examine this question, we enzymatically isolated and pooled the medial layer of thoracic aortas from sprague-dawley rats that were either untreated or enalapril treated for 3 days, isolated messenger rna (mrna), and performed northern blot analysis with rat complementary dna (cdna) probes for renin, cathepsin d, and cat ... | 1992 | 1592470 |
| polymerase chain reaction analysis of renin in rat aortic smooth muscle. | controversy exists whether vascular smooth muscle cells in vivo synthesize renin, thereby providing a critical component of the hypothesized vascular renin-angiotensin system. to examine this question, we enzymatically isolated and pooled the medial layer of thoracic aortas from sprague-dawley rats that were either untreated or enalapril treated for 3 days, isolated messenger rna (mrna), and performed northern blot analysis with rat complementary dna (cdna) probes for renin, cathepsin d, and cat ... | 1992 | 1592470 |
| induction of beta-lactamase from shigella flexneri ucsf-129: purification by affinity chromatography and some properties. | lincomycin, an inhibitor of protein synthesis, was an excellent inductor of beta-lactamase, and its total activity and specific activity were increased 2.5- and 3.6-fold respectively. the beta-lactamase produced by shigella flexneri ucsf-129 was purified by affinity chromatography on phenylboronic acid-agarose with a type b column using an hydrophobic spacer arm (6-aminohexanoic acid activated with succinimide). the yield and specific activity were 96% and 29,283 u/mg, respectively. these were 1 ... | 1992 | 1593966 |
| acamprosate modulates synaptosomal gaba transmission in chronically alcoholised rats. | male sprague-dawley rats were pulmonary alcoholised for 30 days. six were treated with acamprosate (400 mg/kg/day, po) during alcoholisation. the control nonalcoholised group also received acamprosate (400 mg/kg/day, po) during the 30 days. at the end of the experiment, brains areas (cortex, hippocampus, thalamus, striatum, and olfactory bulbs) were dissected for the study of synaptosomal 3h-gaba uptake. in another experiment, gaba levels were determined in the same areas using hplc with electro ... | 1992 | 1594633 |
| copulatory analgesia in male rats ensues from arousal, motor activity, and genital stimulation: blockage by manipulation and restraint. | the effect of copulation on the vocalization threshold to tail shock (vtts) was assessed in freely-moving, sexually experienced, wistar male rats. mean vtts during the first copulation was 40% above the baseline values and slightly decreased during the first postejaculatory interval (pei; 28% above baseline). vtts mean values further increased during the second copulatory series (93% above baseline and 63% during the pei). testing at the same intervals in noncopulating rats did not induce analge ... | 1992 | 1594675 |
| metabolism of the aminoterminal propeptide of type iii procollagen in cultures of human proximal tubular cells. | degradation of the intact form of the aminoterminal propeptide of type iii procollagen (piiinp) has been established in the liver, whereas the col 1 domain of piiinp is extracted by the kidneys. we used native human piiinp and col 1 domain of piiinp to investigate the degradation of piiinp in cultures of human proximal tubular cells. normal renal tissue was obtained from the healthy part of kidneys surgically removed and from biopsies from a total of 10 patients. the degradation was characterize ... | 1992 | 1594884 |
| an isolated perfused rat kidney preparation designed for assessment of glomerular permeability characteristics. | the aim of the present investigation was to modify the widely used isolated perfused rat kidney preparation to make it more suitable for studies of glomerular permeability to macromolecules. both kidneys were perfused in situ using separate pumps in two of each other independent systems with tyrode-solution containing human serum albumin (18.2 g l-1). sodium nitroprusside was administered to induce dilatation and to maintain constant vascular resistance (pru100) during the experiments. the addit ... | 1992 | 1595354 |
| the no-reflow phenomenon is a post-mortem artifact. | post-ischemic reperfusion impairment, ("no-reflow phenomenon"), was studied in rats subjected to 8-30 minutes of global brain ischemia. during ischemia, rapid and complete loss of cerebral blood flow, eeg and 31p-high energy phosphates (atp/pcr) was observed. brain intravascular perfusion defects were examined by injecting carbon black intravenously in a group of rats with stable cardiopulmonary function and in another group subjected to rapid thoracotomy and intraarterial infusion of the carbon ... | 1992 | 1595393 |
| cross-reactive proteins of borrelia burgdorferi. | the specificity of serological tests for lyme borreliosis is impaired by cross-reacting antibodies. in order to select antigens for more specific tests, specific and cross-reactive proteins of borrelia burgdorferi must be identified. therefore, to analyze cross reactions of borrelia burgdorferi with other bacteria, rabbit immune sera against heterologous bacteria (borrelia hermsii, treponema pallidum, treponema phagedenis, leptospira interrogans (serogroup grippotyphosa), neisseria meningitidis, ... | 1992 | 1597198 |
| constitutive mutations of agrobacterium tumefaciens transcriptional activator virg. | the virulence (vir) genes of agrobacterium tumefaciens ti plasmids are positively regulated by virg in conjunction with vira and plant-derived inducing molecules. a procedure that utilizes both genetic selection and a genetic screen was developed to isolate mutations in virg that led to elevated levels of vir gene expression in the absence of vira and plant phenolic inducers. mutants were isolated at a frequency of 1 in 10(7) to 10(8). substitution mutations at two positions in the virg coding r ... | 1992 | 1597431 |
| live oral auxotrophic shigella flexneri sfl124 vaccine with a deleted arod gene: characterization and monkey protection studies. | shigella flexneri sfl124, with a deletion encompassing all, or nearly all, of the coding sequence of gene arod was obtained after selection on a fusaric acid medium supplemented with 2,3-dihydroxybenzoic acid for tetracycline-sensitive mutants of s. flexneri sfl114 which is an arod::tn10 transductant. two of 20 tetracycline-sensitive mutants tested in colony hybridization with a 32p-labelled dna probe of approximately 1400 base pairs (comprising all except the 75 n-terminal base pairs of the cod ... | 1992 | 1598787 |
| safety and immunogenicity of the live oral auxotrophic shigella flexneri sfl124 in volunteers. | the live, aromatic dependent shigella flexneri y vaccine strain sfl124, with a deleted arod gene, was tested for safety and immunogenicity in 21 healthy adult volunteers. a single dose of 2 x 10(9) live bacteria was given orally to ten volunteers, whereas 11 received three doses every other day. the vaccine was excreted for 4.2 days and was well tolerated by 90.5% of the vaccinees. only 2 of 21 (9.5%) after the first dose had a self-limiting diarrhoea lasting 1 day; of volunteers given one dose ... | 1992 | 1598788 |
| streptococcal toxic shock syndrome due to noninvasive pharyngitis. | serious infections due to group a beta-hemolytic streptococcus (gabhs) have been reported with increasing frequency in recent years. we report a case of toxic shock syndrome (tss) due to gabhs pharyngitis in an otherwise healthy 14-year-old boy. the organism was found to produce toxin a. to our knowledge, this is the second reported case of streptococcal tss associated with the production of toxin a that is not associated with an invasive disease and the first case associated with a documented r ... | 1992 | 1600009 |
| phosphorylation of icsa by camp-dependent protein kinase and its effect on intracellular spread of shigella flexneri. | shigella flexneri, a gram-negative bacillus belonging to the family enterobacteriaceae, causes bacillary dysentery in humans by invading colonic epithelial cells. processes by which epithelial cells, which are not professional phagocytes, may limit the spread of the invading microorganisms are poorly understood. this paper shows that icsa (virg), a 120 kda bacterial outer membrane protein responsible for intracellular and cell-to-cell spread through polymerization of actin, is a major substrate ... | 1992 | 1602963 |
| age-specific prevalence of serum antibodies to the invasion plasmid and lipopolysaccharide antigens of shigella species in chilean and north american populations. | shigella species have virulence plasmids that encode outer membrane proteins (invasion plasmid antigens, ipa) associated with pathogenicity. western blots were used to detect antibodies to ipa in sera from 390 chilean children, and these responses were compared with those of a us population of infants and adults. antibodies to lipopolysaccharide (lps) of plesiomonas shigelloides and shigella flexneri 2a were measured by elisa. among the chileans, there was an age-related acquisition of ipa antib ... | 1992 | 1607690 |
| adhesion of shigella dysenteriae type 1 and shigella flexneri to guinea-pig colonic epithelial cells in vitro. | adhesion of bacteria to guinea-pig colonic epithelial cells in vitro was inhibited by fucose with all the four strains tested (two of shigella dysenteriae type 1 and two of s. flexneri). n-acetyl neuraminic acid and n-acetyl mannosamine also caused inhibition, suggesting a multiplicity of receptors on the epithelial cell. congo-red binding of the strains correlated with their adhesive ability, whereas haemagglutination of rabbit erythrocytes by the bacteria did not. | 1992 | 1613779 |
| shigella flexneri induces apoptosis in infected macrophages. | the gram-negative bacterial pathogen shigella flexneri causes dysentery by invading the human colonic mucosa. bacteria are phagocytosed by enterocytes, escape from the phagosome into the cytoplasm and spread to adjacent cells. after crossing the epithelium, shigella reaches the lamina propria of intestinal villi, the first line of defence. this tissue is densely populated with phagocytes that are killed in great numbers, resulting in abscesses. the genes required for cell invasion and macrophage ... | 1992 | 1614548 |
| antimicrobial resistance in streptococcus pneumoniae: a south african perspective. | resistance to penicillin among south african strains of streptococcus pneumoniae increased from 4.9% in 1979 to 14.4% in 1990. except for resistance to co-trimoxazole (44%), resistance to other antimicrobial agents remained relatively low. multiply resistant strains belonged mainly to serovars 6b, 19a, 14, and, more recently, 23f. use of chloramphenicol to treat meningitis caused by strains relatively resistant to penicillin proved to be unsatisfactory, probably because of the inadequate bacteri ... | 1992 | 1617077 |
| virulence phenotypes of shigella flexneri 2a avirulent mutant 24570 can be complemented by the plasmid-coded positive regulator virf gene. | avirulent mutation of an opaque colony variant of shigella flexneri 2a designated 24570 has been believed to be linked with the glpk locus of the chromosome. however, avirulent phenotypes of the 24570 strain could be complemented by the invasion plasmid-coded virf gene, a positive regulator for invasion genes. the 24570 strain had a dna structural alteration upstream of the virf gene. | 1992 | 1624118 |
| molecular and functional characterization of the salmonella invasion gene inva: homology of inva to members of a new protein family. | one of the earliest steps in the pathogenic cycle of the facultative intracellular pathogen salmonella spp. is the invasion of the cells of the intestinal epithelium. we have previously identified a genetic locus, inv, that allows salmonella spp. to enter cultured epithelial cells. inva is a member of this locus, and it is the first gene of an operon consisting of at least two additional invasion genes. we have constructed strains carrying nonpolar mutations in inva and examined the individual c ... | 1992 | 1624429 |
| [shigella flexneri strains having a new type antigen]. | five shigella strains isolated from stool cultures of two domestic dysentery cases and three imported cases in tokyo in 1986-1989 had an atypial serotype that agglutinated with only antiserum to s. flexneri group 6 factor antigen. these strains showed typical biochemical reactions of s. flexneri and were biochemically identical. four of the strains were positive for serény test with guinea pig eye and the cell-invasion test with hela cells. the strains also had the virulence-plasmid encoding out ... | 1992 | 1624844 |
| aida-i, the adhesin involved in diffuse adherence of the diarrhoeagenic escherichia coli strain 2787 (o126:h27), is synthesized via a precursor molecule. | the adherence mechanisms of enteropathogenic escherichia coli (epec) to epithelial cells are still not understood. to study the molecular basis of the diffuse adherence (da) phenotype exhibited by diarrhoeagenic e. coli expressing classical epec serotypes we investigated strain 2787 (o126:h27) isolated from a case of infantile diarrhoea. a 6.0 kb plasmid-derived dna fragment mediates the da phenotype and encodes the 100 kda adhesin protein aida-i (adhesin involved in diffuse adherence). sequenci ... | 1992 | 1625582 |
| the virf protein from shigella flexneri is a member of the arac transcription factor superfamily and is highly homologous to rns, a positive regulator of virulence genes in enterotoxigenic escherichia coli. | 1992 | 1625585 | |
| [current insights on the pathogenesis of chronic inflammatory bowel diseases]. | the pathogenesis and etiology of inflammatory bowel disease (ibd) is poorly understood. as a matter of fact, it is not even certain whether either one is a single entity with different forms of clinical manifestations, or whether each one represents a single clearly separable entity. common features of both diseases are chronic persistence, recurrent exacerbation and remission, the production of autoantibodies, as well as the expression of aberrant hla-class ii molecules on the surface of epithe ... | 1992 | 1626162 |
| [photodynamically induced vitreous liquefaction in vivo]. | photodynamically induced vitreous liquefaction in rabbit eye was investigated. photosensitizer, riboflavine phosphate, was injected into the vitreous cavity of the rabbit before white-light irradiation. after the irradiation (0, 1, 3, 6 hr) the rabbit vitreous body was separated into gel and liquid portions. the liquid vitreous body was weighed, and the vitreous liquefaction percentage was calculated. one hour irradiation caused 38% of liquefaction of the eye; 3 hr, 50% liquefaction; 6 hr, 59% l ... | 1992 | 1626474 |
| antibodies to shiga holotoxin and to two synthetic peptides of the b subunit in sera of patients with shigella dysenteriae 1 dysentery. | acute- and convalescent-phase sera from 18 thai patients and convalescent-phase sera from two israeli patients and one bangladeshi patient with shigella dysenteriae 1 (shiga) dysentery were tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to detect antibodies that bind s. dysenteriae lipopolysaccharide (lps), shiga holotoxin, or two synthetic peptides representing epitopes from the b subunit of shiga toxin. paired sera from 24 maryland adults with shigella flexneri 2a or shigella sonnei diarrhea serv ... | 1992 | 1629317 |
| [an interesting case--endoscopic hemostasis of an actively bleeding sigmoid diverticulum--a case report]. | a pulsating arterial bleeding from a diverticulum, situated in the colon sigmoideum, was identified and stopped during video-documentation in a 70 year-old man. after injection with a solution of suprarenin, the diverticulum was turned out like a balloon into the colon and didn't show any signs of further bleeding until the patient was prepared for a semi-elective resection of the sigmoid. this case demonstrates that emergency endoscopy is an effective method for diagnosis and even therapy of ma ... | 1992 | 1636274 |
| mxia of shigella flexneri 2a, which facilitates export of invasion plasmid antigens, encodes a homolog of the low-calcium-response protein, lcrd, of yersinia pestis. | the plasmid-encoded invasion plasmid antigen (ipa) export accessory locus of shigella flexneri 2a, mxia, was cloned, and the complete dna sequence of the gene was determined. the mixa open reading frame was found to encode a polypeptide of 74.03 kda with a pi of 5.02. a hydropathy analysis of the predicted protein revealed a hydrophilic c terminus and an extremely hydrophobic n terminus without a cleavable signal sequence but with several potential membrane-spanning regions. while a homology sea ... | 1992 | 1639496 |
| beneficial effect of syngeneic pancreatic islet transplantation on liver atrophy and hepatocellular function after portacaval shunt. | hepatic insufficiency, which continues to be a source of morbidity after portacaval shunt (pcs), can be prevented by syngeneic pancreatic islet transplantation into the portal vein before pcs. this study investigated the ability of syngeneic pancreatic islet transplantation after pcs to prevent hepatic atrophy and rescue hepatocellular function. | 1992 | 1641769 |
| repeated, childhood vaginal bleeding is not always precocious puberty. | 1992 | 1728002 | |
| shigella flexneri enters human colonic caco-2 epithelial cells through the basolateral pole. | the commonly accepted view that enteroinvasive bacteria enter cells of the intestinal epithelial lining through the apical surface can be challenged in the case of shigellosis. this study is based on in vitro experiments that showed that the invasion of human colonic caco-2 cells by shigella flexneri occurred through the basolateral pole of these cells. in these experiments, the few bacteria that interacted with the apical surface either bound to microvilli of the cell dome without causing detec ... | 1992 | 1729185 |
| the agrobacterium tumefaciens vir gene transcriptional activator virg is transcriptionally induced by acid ph and other stress stimuli. | a set of agrobacterium tumefaciens operons required for pathogenesis is coordinately induced during plant infection by the vira and virg proteins. the intracellular concentration of virg increases in response to acidic media, and this response was proposed to be regulated at the level of transcription at a promoter (p2) that resembles the escherichia coli heat shock promoters. to test this hypothesis, we first constructed a virg-lacz transcriptional fusion. a strain containing this fusion had hi ... | 1992 | 1735712 |
| monoclonal antibodies against salmonella porins: generation and characterization. | monoclonal antibodies (mabs) were generated against porins, one of the major outer membrane proteins of salmonella typhi. six clones, designated mp1, mp2, mp3 (igg2ak), mpn4, mpn6 (igg1k) and mpn5 (igg2bk) were characterized by enzyme immunoassay (elisa) for their reactivity to porins from s. typhi, salmonella paratyphi a, s. paratyphi b, s. paratyphi c, salmonella choleraesuis, salmonella enteritidis, salmonella krefeld, salmonella panama, salmonella typhimurium, escherichia coli b, shigella fl ... | 1992 | 1280248 |
| acetylation of o-specific lipopolysaccharides from shigella flexneri 3a and 2a occurs in escherichia coli k-12 carrying cloned s. flexneri 3a and 2a rfb genes. | most of the shigella flexneri o-specific serotypes result from o-acetyl and/or glucosyl groups added to a common o-repeating unit of the lipopolysaccharide (lps) molecule. the genes involved in acetylation and/or glucosylation of s. flexneri lps are physically located on lysogenic bacteriophages, whereas the rfb cluster contains the biosynthesis genes for the common o-repeating unit (d.a.r. simmons and e. romanowska, j. med. microbiol. 23:289-302, 1987). using a cosmid cloning strategy, we have ... | 1992 | 1280255 |
| immunocytochemistry of oculomotor afferents in the squirrel monkey (saimiri sciureus). | attempts were made to co-define afferents of the oculomotor nuclear complex (omc) and their putative neurotransmitters in the squirrel monkey. wheat germ agglutinin conjugated to horseradish peroxidase (wga-hrp) and wheat germ agglutinin conjugated to enzymatically inactive hrp and coupled to colloidal gold (wgaapohrp-au) were used as retrograde tracers in combination with immunocytochemical methods. primarily unilateral injections were made into portions of the omc. stabilized tetramethylbenzid ... | 1992 | 1280294 |
| development of a competitive radioimmunoassay and a sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor. application to a pharmacokinetic study in rats. | a competitive radioimmunoassay (ria) and a sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) for the measurement of recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (rhg-csf) in rat serum was developed using polyclonal antibody obtained by immunizing rabbits with rhg-csf. the anti-rhg-csf antibody did not recognize other colony-stimulating factors or interleukins. ria and elisa gave satisfactory reproducibility as judged by intra- and inter-assay precision. good agreements between the ri ... | 1992 | 1280299 |
| differentiation of shigella flexneri strains by rrna gene restriction patterns. | we studied the restriction endonuclease cleavage patterns of rrna genes (ribotypes) of 72 clinical isolates of shigella flexneri representing eight serotypes to determine whether ribotyping could be used to distinguish s. flexneri strains and to compare the discriminating ability of the method with that of serotyping. by using a cloned escherichia coli rrna operon as the probe, southern blot hybridization of restriction endonuclease-digested total dna was carried out. ribotyping of the isolates ... | 1992 | 1280647 |
| regeneration of an adult peripheral nerve preparation in culture. | the methods used to maintain the vagus nerve from the adult rat in culture and how regeneration is studied in this preparation are described. a hypothesis is presented on the triggering of the cell body reaction. it is suggested that this reaction is initiated by proteins synthesized in nonneuronal cells at the site of a nerve lesion. these proteins, referred to as regenerins, reach the nerve cell body by retrograde axonal transport, where they initiate the regeneration process. | 1992 | 1282333 |
| computer-assisted analysis of the structure of regular branched polysaccharides containing 2,3-disubstituted rhamnopyranose and mannopyranose residues on the basis of 13c nmr data. | a computer-assisted approach to the analysis of the structure of branched polysaccharides that contain 2,3-di-o-glycosylated alpha-rhamnopyranose and alpha-mannopyranose residues is based on evaluation of the 13c nmr spectra, using glycosylation effects and their deviations from additivity (delta delta values) at the branch points. this approach, in combination with monosaccharide and methylation analysis data, has been verified on a series of bacterial polysaccharides of known structure. | 1992 | 1284111 |
| multiresistant shigella species from african aids patients: antibacterial resistance patterns and application of the e-test for determination of minimum inhibitory concentration. | the antibacterial resistance pattern and minimum inhibitory concentrations (mic) of 25 shigella flexneri, 5 s. boydii, 8 s. sonnei, and 3 strains of s. dysenteriae type 2 isolated from kenyan prostitutes with bacillary dysentery and aids were determined, and the applicability of the e-test for mic determination evaluated. all strains were resistant to > or = 3 of 9 different antibacterial agents tested. all strains were resistant to tetracycline and erythromycin, 95% to trimethoprim/sulfonamide, ... | 1992 | 1287807 |
| orientation bandwidth: the effect of spatial and temporal frequency. | the orientation bandwidths of psychophysically defined channels of human vision were estimated by two techniques for a wide range of spatial and temporal frequencies. the first technique was an adaptation paradigm, where the subjects' ability to see patterns of various orientations was measured before and after adapting to a high contrast pattern. the second technique evaluated subjects' ability to discriminate between two gratings of different orientations in relation to their ability to detect ... | 1992 | 1287993 |
| [the intoxication syndrome in acute dysentery]. | 1992 | 1293830 | |
| [shigella flexneri strains having a new type antigen 89-141]. | two shigella strains (89-141 and 89-11) isolated from the stool of patients returning from abroad (both from india) in tokyo in 1989 showed an atypical serologic reaction of agglutination with only polyvalent antiserum to s. flexneri prepared commercially. these strains had the typical biochemical characteristics of s. flexneri and were biochemically identical. both strains were positive for serény test in guinea pig eye and cell-invasion test in hela cells. the strains also had virulence-plasmi ... | 1992 | 1294667 |
| [studies of the lymphatic system in mice infected with trichinella pseudospiralis as well as infected and stimulated by phytohaemagglutin (pha-p)]. | mice cfw were infected per os with trichinella pseudospiralis (150 larvae/mice). the mice were divided in two groups: nonstimulated and stimulated intraperitoneally with pha-p at dose 10 mg/kg body weight. the animals were killed 7, 14, 21, 28, 42, 56, 70 and 150 day post infection (d.p.i.). spleen et mesenteric lymph nodes were examined histopathologically (hematoxylin-eosin) and histochemically (nonspecific esterase reaction) for differentiation of t lymphocytes. the obtained results reveal th ... | 1992 | 1299055 |
| effect of outer membrane proteins from shigella on humoral immunity induced in mice by srbc. | shigella flexneri outer membrane proteins (omp) which had been earlier found to exert immunomodulatory effect on cell mediated immune response were also found to act as immunomodulator of the humoral immune response. effects of omp were investigated in the experiments in vitro and in vivo, where the level of humoral immune response, measured as the number of plaque-forming cells (pfc) to srbc in the spleen was evaluated. we demonstrate that small doses of omp (1-5 micrograms) stimulate, whereas ... | 1992 | 1299171 |
| fraction of spleen cells responsible for suppression of cellular immune response to srbc in mice treated with outer membrane proteins of shigella. | effect of splenocytes isolated from mice immunized with suppressive dose of omp from shigella on delayed hypersensitivity, induced in mice with sheep red blood cells was investigated. only the population of t lymphocytes was found to suppress the delayed hypersensitivity, as measured by the footpad reaction. the results suggest that omp of shigella are able to induce in the spleens of animals active t cells which are responsible for the suppression of cellular response induced by srbc. | 1992 | 1299172 |
| [the clinical assessment of macrophage functional activity in patients with protracted dysentery and its correction with lysozyme and vitamin e]. | prospects for the correction of disturbances in the macrophagal system with a combination of lysozyme and vitamin e in patients with a protracted course of dysentery caused by shigella flexneri 1b were studied. the phagocytic activity of macrophages (pam) was found to be suppressed as early as at the beginning of the disease. out of 38 persons repeatedly found to release shigellae 24 were administered polychemotherapy. pam indices in patients treated with lysozyme and tocopherol acetate were lik ... | 1992 | 1301666 |
| expression and release of neuroregulators during development: monoamines and neuropeptides. | the turnover of catecholamines (ca) was determined in the adrenal medulla and brain of rat fetuses and pups. in general we found a considerable increase soon after birth. the expression of mrna for ca-synthesizing enzymes was also considerably enhanced in the adrenals shortly after birth. furthermore, we demonstrated increased expression of neuropeptides after birth, increased synthesis of mrna encoding for neuropeptide y in the adrenals 24 h after birth; and considerable activation of the subst ... | 1992 | 1306802 |
| hypoxic-ischemic damage in the neonatal brain: excitatory amino acids. | perinatal brain damage is a major clinical problem. recent studies suggest that excitatory amino acids (eaas) may be important for the development of hypoxic-ischemic brain injury in the newborn. experimental work demonstrates that the immature brain is hypersensitive to the toxic effects eaa ('excitotoxicity'), hypoxic-ischemia is accompanied by an extracellular overflow of eaas and hypoxic-ischemic brain damage is reduced by eaa receptor antagonists. clinical investigations demonstrate the pre ... | 1992 | 1306803 |
| [tubo-ovarian transplantation in the treatment of sterility. experimental research]. | microsurgical transposition of fallopian tube and ovary has the potential of being an efficient therapeutic treatment in patients with tubal sterility. the authors present their experience of microsurgical adnexal transplantation in rabbit by two different techniques: the first procedure by microvascular anastomosis of the ovarian vessels, the second one without vascular pedicle. function is evaluated at various time after grafting by: exploratory laparotomy on day 30 to establish whether circul ... | 1992 | 1307024 |
| [the effect of short-term adaptation to high-altitude conditions on human blood serum lipoproteins]. | 1992 | 1307051 | |
| spontaneous insertion of an is1-like element into the virf gene is responsible for avirulence in opaque colonial variants of shigella flexneri 2a. | colonial variation of shigella flexneri serotype 2a from the translucent (2457t) to the opaque form (2457o) occurs spontaneously once in 10(4) cell divisions, with concomitant loss of ipa gene expression and virulence. the appearance of 2457o was associated with the insertional inactivation of virf, an invasion plasmid-encoded positive regulator of ipa gene expression. plasmid pwr110, a tn5-tagged invasion plasmid that restores the invasive phenotype to plasmid-cured shigella derivatives, was co ... | 1992 | 1309511 |
| regulation of interleukin-1 receptors on att-20 mouse pituitary tumour cells. | to study the cellular mechanisms of interleukin-1 (il-1) in the pituitary corticotroph, we studied the properties of il-1 receptors on a mouse pituitary acth-producing cell line, att-20. scatchard plot analysis revealed a single type of receptor with a kd (dissociation constant) of 93 pm, and 482 binding sites/cell. [125i]il-1 alpha binding competed with il-1 alpha and il-1 beta in an equimolar fashion. a 24 h pre-incubation with either crh, epinephrine or nor-epinephrine increased the [125i]il- ... | 1992 | 1312014 |
| regulation of interleukin-1 receptors on att-20 mouse pituitary tumour cells. | to study the cellular mechanisms of interleukin-1 (il-1) in the pituitary corticotroph, we studied the properties of il-1 receptors on a mouse pituitary acth-producing cell line, att-20. scatchard plot analysis revealed a single type of receptor with a kd (dissociation constant) of 93 pm, and 482 binding sites/cell. [125i]il-1 alpha binding competed with il-1 alpha and il-1 beta in an equimolar fashion. a 24 h pre-incubation with either crh, epinephrine or nor-epinephrine increased the [125i]il- ... | 1992 | 1312014 |