Publications

[laser therapy of eyelid and conjunctival tumors, especially in aids patients].	we treated patients with kaposi's sarcoma of the lid or conjunctiva, molluscum contagiosum and papilloma of the lid with dye laser photocoagulation. this therapeutic device is extremely efficient as the chosen wavelength of 577 nm is absorbed selectively by haemoglobin. since kaposi's sarcoma is a haemoglobin-containing tumour composed of endothelial cells and papilloma is a benign tumour composed of connective tissue and branching vessels, dye laser photocoagulation causes selective damage to a ...	1994	7812107
role of hiv-1 tat in the pathogenesis of aids-associated kaposi's sarcoma.		1994	7826041
regulation of pdgf-b and pdgf receptor expression in the pathogenesis of kaposi's sarcoma in aids.		1994	7826042
epidemiology of aids-related malignancies.	hiv infection is known to increase the incidence of kaposi's sarcoma and non-hodgkin's lymphoma. kaposi's sarcoma preferentially affects homosexual men and risk varies by geographic area, suggesting there is an environmental cofactor for kaposi's sarcoma in addition to hiv. despite intensive investigation, the responsible cofactor has not been conclusively identified. hiv-associated non-hodgkin's lymphoma affects all hiv transmission groups, and non-hodgkin's lymphoma risk increases with duratio ...	1994	7827152
cryptosporidiosis among medical patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome in tikur anbessa teaching hospital, ethiopia.	fresh stool specimens, collected at random from 63 medical in-patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids), were studied prospectively for cryptosporidium oocyst. the diagnosis of aids was made according to the clinical case definition of the bangui criteria. these patients presented with profuse watery diarrhoea, significant weight loss and other associated symptoms and signs of clinical manifestations of symptomatic human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection. using the modified ki ...	1994	7835259
anti-angiogenesis agent ds-4152 is a potent and selective inhibitor of hiv-1 replication in vitro.	to determine whether the anti-angiogenesis agent ds-4152 inhibits the replication of hiv-1 in vitro.	1994	7516666
systemic treatment of kaposi's sarcoma: current status and future directions.	kaposi's sarcoma (ks) is a complex neoplasm of cells of endothelial and fibroblast origin, whose proliferation is maintained by the viral product tat, cytokines, and maybe environmental factors. it was among the first noted clinical manifestations of aids and remains the most common malignancy observed in patients infected with hiv, yet an optimal treatment strategy remains to be identified. the authors discuss current options and future directions for the systemic treatment of ks. they do no ...	1994	7519018
langerhans' cells and lymphocytic infiltrate in aids-associated kaposi's sarcoma. an immunohistochemical study.	the epidermal langerhans' cells are dendritic cells of the skin capable of triggering cutaneous immune responses. they possess the membrane antigens required to this effect: class ii histocompatibility antigen, cd1a and cd4; the latter acts as receptor for the human immunodeficiency virus. the skin is the organ primarily affected by kaposi's sarcoma (ks). in epidemic ks, the local immunologic conditions of the skin are little known. we therefore studied 12 patients with aids-associated ks, evalu ...	1994	7521102
identification and culture of kaposi's sarcoma-like spindle cells from the peripheral blood of human immunodeficiency virus-1-infected individuals and normal controls.	we examined 26 patients with human immunodeficiency virus-1 (hiv-1)-associated kaposi's sarcoma (ks), and 76 hiv-1-infected (hiv-1+) people without ks or uninfected (hiv-1-) controls for the presence of circulating ks-like spindle cells. adherent cells that had spindle morphology and several characteristics of spindle cells of ks lesions (ks cells) were identified in the peripheral blood mononuclear cell fraction only after culture in the presence of conditioned medium (cm) from activated lympho ...	1994	7522639
interferons in the pathogenesis and treatment of human immunodeficiency virus infection.	there still remains several unanswered questions concerning the pathogenesis of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection. interferons (ifns), as well as other cytokines, are both dysregulated in hiv infection and serve as effector molecules that modulate the replicative capacity of hiv. acid-labile ifn-alpha, an aberrant form of interferon earlier described in certain autoimmune diseases, has been detected in hiv-infected individuals. conversely, a deficient expression of ifn-alpha may occur ...	1994	7526793
angiogenic potential in vivo by kaposi's sarcoma cell-free supernatants and hiv-1 tat product: inhibition of ks-like lesions by tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-2.	to determine the neoplastic nature of kaposi's sarcoma (ks). a highly vascularized lesion, ks is frequently associated with aids, indicating hiv products may be involved.	1994	7528513
[cd4+ lymphocytes and opportunistic infections and neoplasms in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection].	the cd4+ lymphocytes are the principal target cell for the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv). their depletion originates a very severe cell immunosuppression, which conditions the appearance of opportunistic infections and neoplasms characteristic of aids. the aim of this study was to evaluate whether there is a relation between the degree of cell immunosuppression and the type of opportunistic infections and neoplasms which these patients develop in spain.	1994	7646597
block of hiv-1 infection by a combination of antisense tat rna and tar decoys: a strategy for control of hiv-1.	the tat gene product (tat) of hiv-1 is an early regulatory protein necessary for viral gene expression and replication. tat may also play a role as an extracellular protein in both hiv-1 replication and aids-associated disorders such as kaposi's sarcoma. thus, tat represents a good target for gene therapy against aids. here we show that when vectors expressing antisense tat rna are transiently transfected into cd4+ cells, they block about 70% of hiv-1 replication and inhibit the rescue of tat-de ...	1994	7584083
[detection of markers of the human t-cell leukemia virus in patients with t-cell lymphoma and kaposi's sarcoma].	nine patients with kaposi's sarcoma and five suffering from t-cell lymphoma have been examined. antibodies to htlv-1 were not found in these patients. the primary cellular cultures were isolated from blood and lymph nodes of the patients. viral particles (type c) were found in the culture obtained from the patient with lymphoma of t-cell origin. dnas from the primary cellular cultures from patients with lymphoma or sarcoma contained the sequences homologous to gag-gene of htlv-1. the data suppos ...	1994	7891727
surgical treatment of cytomegalovirus enterocolitis in severe human immunodeficiency virus infection. report of eight cases.	the aim of this study was to describe our experiences of surgical removal of inflamed bowel in cytomegalovirus enterocolitis.	1994	8287750
aids and the gateway of the body.	in the early phases of hiv infection, the oral cavity may develop erythematous and pseudomembranous candidiasis, oral hairy leukoplakia (ohl), necrotizing ulcerative periodontal disease, kaposi's sarcoma, and infections with herpes simplex viruses, cytomegalovirus, epstein-barr virus, and varicella zoster virus. the leading oral infections are candidiasis and ohl. the most common oral form of candidiasis is pseudomembranous, which appears white and milky and can be easily removed from the mucosa ...	1994	8207272
[cardiac tamponade and kaposi's sarcoma].	the case of a 31 year-old intravenous drug addict female patient with infection by the human immunodeficiency virus who had recurrent cardiac tamponade and who was diagnosed by pericardic biopsy as kaposi's sarcoma is reported. the patient demonstrated involvement by cutaneous, mucosal, lymph node and probably pleuropulmonary kaposi's sarcoma. thoracic radiography, computerized tomography and echocardiography only showed the presence of pericardic effusion. neither did the pericardic fluid obtai ...	1994	8208010
pentoxifylline and meclofenamic acid treatment reduces clinical manifestations in a murine model of aids.	c57/bl/6 mice infected with lp-bm5 mulv virus developed an aids-like disease (maids) with splenomegaly, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, anemia, decreased numbers of helper/inducer and suppressor/cytotoxic t-cells and decreased production of interferon alpha. we have shown previously that hiv-associated kaposi's sarcoma tissue contains high levels of prostaglandin e2 (pge2), and this inhibits interferon synthesis through a camp-dependent second-messenger process. in this study we treated groups of ...	1994	8301544
gastrointestinal manifestations of aids in children.	the gastrointestinal manifestations of aids in children are related to opportunistic infections, lymphoproliferative disease, and cancer. the infections that affect the gastrointestinal tract at different sites also occur in patients without aids. however, in children with aids, the infections are more severe, often relapse, and are harder to eradicate. candidiasis is the most common infection in the esophagus, but infections caused by herpes simplex virus and cytomegalovirus also are common. ra ...	1994	8310932
why do doctors hate this man?	scientist peter duesberg's dismissal of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) as the cause of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) and insistence that aids is a noninfectious disease has made him a focus of controversy in both the medical profession and homosexual community. duesberg attributes the aids epidemic to heavy use of amphetamines and "poppers," which devastate the immune system and have been linked to the development of certain cancers such as kaposi's sarcoma. he is concerned abou ...	1994	12318794
zidovudine improves psoriasis in hiv-positive males.	zidovudine (azt) is a thymidine analogue which inhibits retroviral reverse transcriptase, terminates dna chain synthesis, and thus inhibits viral replication. the clinical benefit of azt patients with advanced hiv disease was established in a phase ii placebo-controlled study. administered at dosages of 500 mg per day, azt benefits asymptomatic patients with cd4 counts below 500, slows progression to aids, and increases survival. it has therefore become the major antiviral drug for treating ...	1994	12179218
[bacillary angiomatosis. a pseudoneoplastic infection in aids patients].	bacillary angiomatosis is a newly recognized pseudoneoplastic vascular disease seen in the setting of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection. the disease is characterized by a cutaneous infection with reddish papules or nodules that are similar to pyogenic granulomas or kaposi's sarcoma in clinical appearance. it is caused by the mildly gram-negative bacillus rochalimaea henselae, which can be identified in tissue sections by means of warthin-starry stain. the historical, clinical, histopa ...	1993	8335458
aids-related malignancies: the emerging epidemic.	the incidence of three malignancies has increased in conjunction with the epidemic of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) disease, and they are currently considered acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids)-defining conditions. these are kaposi's sarcoma, associated with aids since the onset of the epidemic in 1981; intermediate or high-grade b-cell lymphoma, which became aids-defining in 1985; and cervical carcinoma in hiv-infected women, formally recognized as an aids-defining diagnosis on janu ...	1993	8350362
[cutaneous manifestations of aids].	hiv destroys the immune system, causing group of clinical signs which are referred to as aids. some of these signs are cutaneous in nature. an acute rash on the trunk is associated with hiv seroconversion. it usually disappears in 8 days but can last for several hours or 30 days. infectious manifestations of hiv infection are common. candidiasis represents 90% of mycoses. it usually manifests on the tongue but can also occur on oral or genital mucosa. antifungal medication usually treats it ...	1993	8351723
composite risk score for kaposi's sarcoma based on a case-control and longitudinal study in the multicenter aids cohort study (macs) population.	the possibility that an agent in addition to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 may be involved in the etiology of kaposi's sarcoma in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) patients was investigated between 1984 and 1992 in this nested case-control analysis from the multicenter aids cohort study (macs) of homosexual and bisexual men. a total of 316 cases of kaposi's sarcoma were identified and compared with 510 participants with aids and no evidence of cancer. more of the kaposi's sarcoma c ...	1993	8356966
epidemiologic analysis of kaposi's sarcoma as an early and later aids outcome in homosexual men.	the authors separately studied the epidemiology (risk and risk factors) of kaposi's sarcoma occurring as an initial acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) outcome (early kaposi's sarcoma) and later after a different initial aids outcome (later kaposi's sarcoma) in a cohort of 2,591 human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected gay men of the multicenter aids cohort study between 1984 and 1992. among 844 aids cases, 202 presented with early kaposi's sarcoma, 101 subsequently developed later kap ...	1993	8356967
survival and mortality patterns of an acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) cohort in new york state.	the survival experience and causes of death of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) patients were studied using a cohort of 3,699 aids patients in new york state, excluding new york city, whose illness was diagnosed before january 1990 at age 13 years or older. the median length of survival for all cases was 11.5 months, and survival increased over time from 5.3 months pre-1984 to 9.3 months in 1984-1986 and to 13.2 months in 1987-1989. in a cox proportional hazards model, risk of dying was ...	1993	8356973
spinal epidural leiomyoma occurring in an hiv-infected man. case report.	a case of spinal epidural leiomyoma is reported in a 52-year-old man infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv). the tumor arose in the epidural region at the t-3 vertebral level, and the patient presented with radicular pain in the right t-3 dermatome. while soft-tissue tumors such as kaposi's sarcoma and lymphomas have been well documented in association with hiv infection, this is the first reported case of primary spinal leiomyoma. isolated cases of leiomyomas and leiomyosarcomas i ...	1993	8360744
cancer incidence trends in women at high risk of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection.	to determine the types and rates of tumors which may be associated with hiv infection in women, we used cancer incidence data from new york and northern new jersey. we examined changes in incidence of selected cancers in women aged 20-49 years and compared groups differing in incidence of aids. black women were compared to white women in new york city and in the remainder of new york state; for cervical cancer, rates were also compared for blacks and whites in northern new jersey. the incidence ...	1993	8370617
human immunodeficiency virus type 1 and cytomegalovirus in saliva.	the aim of this study was to evaluate whether hiv-1 or cytomegalovirus (cmv) may contribute to oral lesions frequently found in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids). saliva samples from 63 hiv-1 positive patients and 21 healthy controls were tested for the presence of hiv-1 and cmv using the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) and virus isolation. cmv igg titres in serum were also compared in the different groups. hiv-1 rna, but not dna, was detected in saliva from 15% (9 out ...	1993	8387571
endothelial cell migration and invasiveness are induced by a soluble factor produced by murine endothelioma cells transformed by polyoma virus middle t oncogene.	polyoma virus middle t-transformed murine endothelioma cell lines provide a useful model for studying vascular lesions such as hemangiomas, hemangiosarcomas, and kaposi's sarcoma and tumor-associated angiogenesis. in vivo they produce fast-growing, hemorrhaging, cavernous blood-filled hemangiomas, mainly formed by recruited host endothelial cells, suggesting an angiogenesis-like process underlying the lesion. the molecular mechanism(s) responsible for the recruitment of host endothelial cells by ...	1993	8393382
multiple primary gynecologic neoplasms in a young hiv-positive patient.	immune suppression from human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection is frequently associated with the development of certain neoplasms, including kaposi's sarcoma and non-hodgkin's lymphoma. a young patient with a 5-year history of hiv infection was found simultaneously to have invasive carcinoma of the breast, microinvasive carcinoma of the cervix, and intraepithelial neoplasia of the vulva. in view of the early nature of these neoplasms, conservative therapy was utilized; lumpectomy and adjuv ...	1993	8393503
clinical manifestations of 174 aids cases in maharaj nakorn chiang mai hospital.	the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) has, since it was first reported in 1981, become a worldwide epidemic. the immunosuppressive nature of hiv results in opportunistic infections, neoplasms, and other pathological conditions. clinical manifestations of these conditions are often the first indication that an individual is infected with hiv. this article reports and describes the clinical findings for 174 hiv-positive patients and is intended to educate thai physicians concerning the rising ...	1993	8408918
indium-111-labeled polyclonal human immunoglobulin: identifying focal infection in patients positive for human immunodeficiency virus.	pooled human immunoglobulin labeled with indium-111 (111in-higg) was used to identify the presence and extent of infection in patients positive for human immunodeficiency virus (hiv), presenting with either symptoms and/or signs of acute chest infection or with pyrexia without localizing signs or symptoms. fifty-five studies were performed in 51 patients with suspected chest infection or pyrexia without localizing signs. of these, 111in-higg identified intrapulmonary accumulation in 17 patients ...	1993	8410271
resting energy expenditure and weight loss in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients.	resting energy expenditure (ree) and body composition were investigated in 60 clinically stable patients with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection varying with respect to immune impairment. rees differed significantly from predicted values (> or < 10% of the harris-benedict [hb] equation) in 40% of patients. seven percent of patients showed markedly increased ree (> +20% of hb prediction), whereas ree was decreased in 13% (< -10%). increased ree was found during all clinical stages of th ...	1993	8412772
release, uptake, and effects of extracellular human immunodeficiency virus type 1 tat protein on cell growth and viral transactivation.	during acute human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1) infection or after transfection of the tat gene, tat protein is released into the cell culture supernatant. in this extracellular form, tat stimulates both hiv-1 gene expression and the growth of cells derived from kaposi's sarcoma (ks) lesions of hiv-1-infected individuals (aids-ks cells). tat protein and its biological activities appear in the cell supernatants at the peak of tat expression, when the rate of cell death is low (infection) ...	1993	8416373
hiv and malignancy.	although a number of tumors in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus have been reported, kaposi's sarcoma and non-hodgkin's lymphoma remain the two principal malignancies. this article provides an australian perspective of the recent advances in research into malignancy in hiv-infected persons.	1993	8426302
the spectrum of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids)-associated malignancies in san francisco, 1980-1987.	population-based disease registries for acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) and cancer were linked for san francisco residents to study the pattern of aids-associated malignancies diagnosed during the time period 1980-1987. a total of 1,756 newly diagnosed malignancies were identified during these years among members of the aids cohort. of these, 1,752 (99.7%) occurred in males, 1,454 (83%) were kaposi's sarcoma, 235 (13%) were non-hodgkin's lymphoma, and 16 (1%) were hodgkin's disease. th ...	1993	8434570
esophageal disease in aids is associated with pathologic processes rather than mucosal human immunodeficiency virus type 1.	twenty-five patients with aids and esophageal symptoms were evaluated for the presence of esophageal disease and human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1) in the esophageal mucosa. a single infectious process caused by candida albicans, cytomegalovirus, herpes simplex virus, varicella-zoster virus, or mycobacterium avium-intracellulare complex or a single noninfectious process caused by kaposi's sarcoma or reflux esophagitis was identified in 20 patients. two processes were identified in 5 pat ...	1993	8440925
kaposi's sarcoma. epidemiology, pathogenesis, histology, clinical spectrum, staging criteria and therapy.	the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) epidemic has had a profound impact on our understanding of kaposi's sarcoma (ks). epidemiologic features suggest a sexually transmitted cofactor in the pathogenesis of aids-associated ks (aids-ks), and several putative agents have received intense scrutiny. cell culture studies suggest that the angiogenesis of aids-ks is stimulated by both human immunodeficiency virus proteins and growth factors that may be involved in the development and progression ...	1993	8445054
aids-associated kaposi's sarcoma in romanian children.	kaposi's sarcoma (ks) is commonly associated with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) in adults. little is known regarding its occurrence in children.	1993	8445061
[photodynamic therapy of skin tumors].	photodynamic therapy (pdt) is still an experimental modality using red light in conjunction with a systemic or topical photosensitizer. the photosensitizers have a longer retention time in malignant tumors compared with the normal surrounding tissue. irradiation with a red light at wavelength of 630 nm results in photochemical generation of cytotoxic singulet oxygen. the systemic sensitizer mostly used is hematoporphyrin derivative (hpd) and the light sources are argon-pumped dye lasers, gold va ...	1993	8449696
kaposi's sarcoma in a human immunodeficiency virus-negative patient with asymptomatic human t lymphotropic virus type i infection.		1993	8450265
[epidemic kaposi's sarcoma in women: presentation of 4 cases].	epidemic kaposi's sarcoma is the neoplasm most frequently manifested in infection by the human immunodeficiency virus. its prevalence is considerably higher among homosexual males than among intravenous drug users with practically exclusive infection in this sex. four cases of kaposi's sarcoma in women with the human immunodeficiency virus are described. two of these subjects were intravenous drug users and the other two were heterosexually promiscuous as the only conduct of risk for acquiring i ...	1993	8450697
[kaposi's sarcoma and portal hypertension in human immunodeficiency virus infection].		1993	8452969
bowenoid changes in kaposi's sarcoma.	previous reports have documented the coexistence of multiple infectious organisms or kaposi's sarcoma within the same biopsy specimens of mucocutaneous lesions in human immunodeficiency virus- (hiv) infected patients.	1993	8454785
[kaposi's sarcoma with pulmonary involvement in a heterosexual man seronegative for the human immunodeficiency virus].		1993	8464263
hiv-1 infection and modulation of cytokine and growth factor expression in kaposi's sarcoma-derived cells in vitro.	hiv-1 transcripts have been detected in aids-related kaposi's sarcoma (ks) tissues within the factor xiiia + dermal dendrocytes present in the tumor. various cytokines and growth factors have been shown to influence the growth of ks-derived cells in vitro. hiv-1 preferentially infects cd4+ cells and has also been found to infect some cd4- cells in vitro. the susceptibility of cultured ks cells in vitro to infection with hiv-1 and the expression of interleukin (il)-1 beta, il-6 and basic fibrobla ...	1993	8471192
acquired immunodeficiency syndrome-like illness associated with systemic mycoplasma fermentans infection in a human immunodeficiency virus-negative homosexual man.	a 35-year-old homosexual man developed a composite nodal kaposi's sarcoma and peripheral t-cell lymphoma that were associated with a peripheral blood cd4-positive lymphocyte count of only 43/mm3. the patient subsequently developed pneumocystis carinii pneumonitis and eventually died due to disseminated cryptococcus neoformans. numerous premortem tests for the presence of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) types 1 and 2 were negative by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, western blot, viral i ...	1993	8491493
kaposiform hemangioendothelioma of infancy and childhood. an aggressive neoplasm associated with kasabach-merritt syndrome and lymphangiomatosis.	we report the clinical and pathological features of nine distinctive, but relatively unknown, vascular tumors of infancy and childhood presenting as soft tissue masses often associated with locally aggressive disease, lymphangiomatosis and kasabach-merritt syndrome. the patients, four males and five females, were all in their first decade of life except for two (median, 2 years; range, 5 months to 19 years). these tumors involved deep soft tissues of the upper extremity (four cases), retroperito ...	1993	8494101
cloned spindle and epithelioid cells from murine kaposi's sarcoma-like tumors are of endothelial origin.	kaposi's sarcoma (ks) is a complex neoplasm comprising spindle cells, vascular structures, erythrocytes, and an inflammatory infiltrate. the pathogenesis of this disorder is not yet understood, which is a major impediment to the design of safe and effective new therapies. we previously reported a murine model in which simian virus 40 (sv40) t-antigen-transformed murine endothelial cells induce lesions with the histopathologic features of ks. we have now cloned by limiting dilution seven morpholo ...	1993	8496612
changing patterns of respiratory disease in hiv positive patients in a referral centre in the united kingdom between 1986-7 and 1990-1.	respiratory illness is a significant contributor to morbidity and mortality in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection and the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids). it has been suggested that pneumocystis carinii pneumonia is no longer the most frequent cause of respiratory disease in this group because of widespread use of prophylaxis and anti-retroviral drugs.	1993	8497816
visceral myogenic tumors. a manifestation of hiv infection in children.	we report a primary smooth-muscle tumor of undetermined malignant potential of the liver in a child with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (aids). this patient represents the eighth child infected with the human immunodeficiency virus who developed a mesenchymal tumor other than kaposi's sarcoma. all these children were younger than 10 years of age. these tumors often were histologically or clinically malignant and all but one were smooth-muscle tumors. these tumors arose exclusively in viscer ...	1993	8214263
systemic expression of hiv-1 tat gene in transgenic mice induces endothelial proliferation and tumors of different histotypes.	the human immunodeficiency virus tat protein, a transactivator of viral and cellular genes, is suspected to be involved in the pathogenesis of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome-associated tumors. we report that transgenic mice carrying a recombinant dna containing bk virus early region and the human immunodeficiency virus tat gene develop skin leiomyosarcomas, squamous cell papillomas and carcinomas, adenocarcinomas of skin adnexa, glands, and b-cell lymphomas. although the incidence of hepatoc ...	1993	8221699
[a role of dentists in the management of hiv-infected persons].	oral manifestations of hiv infection include hairy leukoplakia, sjögren's syndrome-like conditions, necrotizing stomatitis, kaposi's sarcoma, and a variety of opportunistic viral or mycotic infections. the well awareness of hiv-associated oral lesions can contribute to the early detection and diagnosis of hiv infection. prevention and early treatment of common oral diseases including dental caries and periodontal disease, which may evolve into necrotizing gingivitis and stomatitis under immunode ...	1993	8225170
classification and diagnostic criteria for oral lesions in hiv infection. ec-clearinghouse on oral problems related to hiv infection and who collaborating centre on oral manifestations of the immunodeficiency virus.	a consensus has been reached on the classification of the oral manifestations of hiv infection and their diagnostic criteria, based on presumptive and definitive criteria. the former relate to the initial clinical appearance of the lesion and the latter are often the result of special investigations. candidiasis, hairy leukoplakia, specific forms of periodontal disease [linear gingival erythema, necrotising-(ulcerative) gingivitis and necrotising(ulcerative) periodontitis], kaposi's sarcoma and ...	1993	8229864
nuclear medicine and aids.	the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection and its associated illnesses in a relatively young population of patients provides an expanding role for nuclear medicine. the disease enforces a review of each department's infection control procedures. it also necessitates a widening of the differential diagnosis in high risk patients. it has also resulted in an increase in the number of patients presenting with diseases such as pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, kaposi's sarcoma etc. which prior t ...	1993	8233226
kaposi's sarcoma mimicking cellulitis.	although kaposi's sarcoma is not the most common cause of death in aids patients, it is often one of the initial opportunistic illnesses associated with human immunodeficiency virus infection. extensive plaque formation and edema in the lower extremities may take on the appearance of cellulitis, and in dark-skinned persons, the lesions of the neoplasm may not be noticeable. treatment is palliative; therapy for local effect is appropriate unless lesions are extensive or systemic involvement is pr ...	1993	8247991
detection of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 and human papillomavirus type 16 in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome-related and classic kaposi's sarcoma.		1993	8250588
inhibition of hiv-1 replication by daunorubicin.	members of the anthracycline family of drugs such as daunorubicin (dnr) are currently being employed in cancer therapy, treatment of kaposi's sarcoma and lymphomas in hiv-1 infected patients. these drugs may have an anti-viral activity against hiv-1. experiments conducted on u937 (a promonocytic cell line), peripheral blood monocytes (without t cells) and infected with hiv-1 showed anti-viral activity at nanogram/ml concentrations, without affecting cell proliferation and cell viability. treatme ...	1993	8261687
inhaled isobutyl nitrite compromises t-dependent, but not t-independent, antibody induction.	habitual abuse of nitrite inhalants has been linked in epidemiological studies with seropositivity to human immunodeficiency virus and, separately, with kaposi's sarcoma among aids patients. mice exposed to isobutyl nitrite in an inhalation chamber for 45 min/day for 14 days had depressed igm and igg antibody responses. the inhibition was dose-dependent at 750-900 ppm, but antibody responses were increased at an intermediate (600 ppm) dose. gender differences in immunotoxicity were not observed. ...	1993	8262696
radiation therapy in endemic (african) kaposi's sarcoma.	evaluating the role of radiation therapy in the treatment of the endemic, african variant of kaposi's sarcoma. a retrospective analysis.	1993	8262845
mycoplasma penetrans infection in male homosexuals with aids: high seroprevalence and association with kaposi's sarcoma.	antibodies to mycoplasma penetrans were found at an unusually high frequency in male homosexuals with aids (55 of 149; 37%) and in human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-infected asymptomatic homosexuals (13 of 49; 26.5%) but not in intravenous drug users (3 of 308; 1%) and hemophiliacs (1 of 165; 0.6%) with or without hiv-1 infection. thus, both m. penetrans and kaposi's sarcoma (ks) occur primarily in male homosexuals and rarely in other groups of patients at high risk of aids. among 414 hiv-1-inf ...	1993	8268356
immune-based therapeutics: scientific rationale and the promising approaches to the treatment of the human immunodeficiency virus-infected individual.	the primary approach to therapy for infection with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) continues to be centered around antiretroviral agents that have conferred significant clinical benefits. the considerable degree of immunologic dysfunction in hiv infection, however, has led to intense interest in methods of immune stimulation and reconstitution. immunomodulatory intervention in hiv infection is highly controversial. over the years a number of immunomodulatory agents--many with only a poor rati ...	1993	8268360
aids-associated kaposi's sarcoma in an indian female.	we report the first case of aids-associated kaposi's sarcoma in a 35 year old indian female, a commercial sex worker, with lesions involving skin and mucous membranes. diagnosis was confirmed on histopathology, electron microscopy, seropositivity, (elisa and western blot) as well as pepti-lav test and viral culture. antibodies to human immunodeficiency virus, both hiv-1 & 2, were present. hla dr5,7 was positive on oligotyping. genetic predisposition, therefore, may be suspected.	1993	8270582
pulmonary manifestations of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome-associated malignancies.	significant progress has been made in the treatment and prophylaxis of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-associated infections. as patients with hiv infection live longer, more cases with hiv-associated malignancies are being reported. pulmonary complications of hiv-associated kaposi's sarcoma and non-hodgkin's lymphoma present clinicians with diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. pulmonary involvement with kaposi's sarcoma ranges from 6% to 32%. pulmonary involvement with acquired immunodefic ...	1993	8278681
bronchoalveolar lavage phospholipid abnormalities in hiv-infected patients.	our aim was to evaluate the quality of pulmonary surfactant, a nonspecific defence system, during the course of human immunodeficiency virus) infection. protein and phospholipid composition were determined in 127 bronchoalveolar lavage (bal) fluids from 89 hiv seropositive patients (54 acquired immune deficiency syndrome (aids), 35 non-aids) and 11 healthy controls. in all of the hiv bal samples, biochemical abnormalities were found. in subjects with pulmonary infection or kaposi's sarcoma, the ...	1993	8287946
[predictive value of the assay of serum anti-p25 antibodies in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv-1) infection].	to assess whether monitoring of antibodies (ab) directed against the hiv-1 p25 core protein may be used as a predictive marker in the biological monitoring of hiv-infected patients, a study was performed on a transversal cohort of 68 cdc stage ii-iii, and 36 arc and 26 aids stage iv patients, 37 of whom were being treated with anti-retroviral therapy. a second cohort included 56 patients followed for 3-7 years: 15 stage ii-iii, 11 arc and 30 aids patients (opportunistic infections: 14; kaposi's ...	1993	8291842
interferon-alpha in malignant and viral diseases. a review.	in the 35 years since the discovery of interferon, significant biological activity has been described for interferon-alpha (ifn alpha) in various cancers, particularly haematological malignancies such as hairy cell leukaemia and chronic myelogenous leukaemia. except for localised therapy in bladder and ovarian cancer, activity against most solid tumours has been disappointing. other notable exceptions include kaposi's sarcoma, renal cell carcinoma and malignant melanoma, tumours known to be susc ...	1993	7681371
clinical pharmacology of zidovudine and other 2',3'-dideoxynucleoside analogues.	since the discovery of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) in 1981, considerable progress has been made in the development of agents with anti-hiv activity. zidovudine was one of the first 2'-3'-dideoxynucleosides to cause inhibition of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) replication in vitro, by inhibiting the viral reverse transcriptase. early trials showed that zidovudine results in clinical and immunological improvements and prolonged life in patients with aids or aids-related compl ...	1993	7685214
administration of pentosan polysulfate to patients with human immunodeficiency virus-associated kaposi's sarcoma.	neovascularization induced by basic fibroblast growth factor (basic fgf) or fgf-like cytokines is thought to play a substantial role in the pathogenesis of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-associated kaposi's sarcoma. pentosan polysulfate has been shown to inhibit basic fgf and fgf-like dependent tumor growth both in vitro and in vivo. moreover, it has been found to inhibit the growth of kaposi's sarcoma-derived spindle cells in vitro. these observations suggested that pentosan polysulfate mig ...	1993	7692072
zidovudine. an update of its pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic properties, and therapeutic efficacy.	zidovudine remains the mainstay in the treatment of patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv). the drug delays disease progression to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) and to aids-related complex (arc), reduces opportunistic infections, and increases survival in patients with advanced hiv infection. there is evidence to suggest that zidovudine also delays disease progression in patients with mild symptomatic disease. although one study has shown zidovudine to have no sign ...	1993	7693435
chemotherapy for patients with pulmonary kaposi's sarcoma: benefit of filgrastim (g-csf) in supporting dose administration.	kaposi's sarcoma (ks) is common in individuals infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv-1). although ks is frequently indolent, it can also be aggressive and life-threatening, especially in patients with pulmonary involvement (pks), who have poor survival rates when untreated. in an effort to develop treatment regimens for pks that would prolong life or reduce clinical symptoms, we used combination chemotherapy to treat 18 patients who had aids and pks; 13 (72%) of them had a history ...	1993	7694375
trends in the incidence of outcomes defining acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) in the multicenter aids cohort study: 1985-1991.	incidence of clinical outcomes defining acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) may be expected to change as a consequence of progressive immunosuppression and use of chemoprophylaxis before the onset of aids. using poisson regression methods, we examined trends in the incidence of initial and secondary aids-defining illnesses from 1985 to 1991 among 2,627 homosexual men participating in the multicenter aids cohort study who were seropositive for human immunodeficiency virus type 1. the incide ...	1993	8096356
correlation of oncostatin m secretion by human retrovirus-infected cells with potent growth stimulation of cultured spindle cells from aids-kaposi's sarcoma.	oncostatin m (om), a 30-kda glycoprotein, recently was identified as a major growth-promoting factor in the conditioned medium (cm) of the 38-0 cell line, a cd4,+ chronically human t lymphotropic virus type (htlv)-ii-infected, transformed t cell line. cm 38-0 induced the proliferation of spindle cells cultured in vitro from aids-associated kaposi's sarcoma (aids-ks) cells. to determine how much of the aids-ks cell growth activity present in 38-0 cm was because of the presence of om, we depleted ...	1993	8098726
human immunodeficiency virus-associated oral kaposi's sarcoma. a heterogeneous cell population dominated by spindle-shaped endothelial cells.	cell lineage and cell function antigens were studied immunohistochemically in human immunodeficiency virus-associated oral kaposi's sarcoma to provide insight into tumor pathogenesis. all tumors were composed predominantly of spindle cells that expressed endothelium-associated antigens, cd34 and cd36 (factor viii-related antigen was expressed by considerably fewer numbers of tumor cells). infrequently, spindle tumor cells also expressed actin. factor xiiia positive spindle and dendritic stromal ...	1993	8100400
cancer and viruses.	viruses implicated in the development of human cancers include hepatitis b (and c) viruses in hepatocellular carcinoma; human papillomaviruses in anogenital cancers; epstein-barr virus in nasopharyngeal carcinoma and burkitt's lymphoma; human t-cell leukaemia/lymphoma viruses in adult t-cell leukaemia/lymphoma; and indirectly, human immunodeficiency viruses in kaposi's sarcoma and b-cell lymphoma. together, they contribute significantly to the cancer statistics in the southeast asian region. neo ...	1993	8103316
histopathology of human immunodeficiency virus-associated esophageal disease.	we evaluated the histopathologic features of the esophageal mucosa in 88 patients seropositive for human immunodeficiency virus (hiv). all patients had an upper endoscopy because of esophageal symptoms. forceps biopsies and brushings of the esophagus were examined histologically and cytologically for evidence of viral, fungal, and mycobacterial infections: in addition, biopsies and brushings were cultured for cytomegalovirus and herpes simplex. esophageal inflammation (acute or chronic) was grad ...	1993	8204115
[isolated rectal kaposi's sarcoma].	we report a case of isolated rectal kaposi's sarcoma in a homosexual man with active human immunodeficiency virus infection. although gastrointestinal tract affection is not infrequent, it is usually associated with the existence of skin lesions. a few cases of noncutaneous gastrointestinal kaposi's sarcoma have been described, but no one affecting only the rectum. this is a diagnostic possibility in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection and rectal symptoms.	1993	8129997
changes in survival after acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids): 1984-1991.	in a prospective cohort of 2,647 human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1) seropositive homosexual men enrolled in baltimore, chicago, los angeles, and pittsburgh, 891 developed clinical acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) between june 1984 and january 1992. cox proportional hazards models were used to examine temporal trends in survival after aids for specific diagnoses, controlling for level of immunosuppression at diagnosis, age, race, and geographic location. median survival time fol ...	1993	7903022
human retroviruses and neoplastic disease.	human retroviral infections result in significant neoplastic disease. human t cell lymphotropic virus i (htlv-i), the first human retrovirus to be discovered, is associated with the development of acute t cell leukemia with characteristic hypercalcemia and skin lesions after many years of chronic infection of cd4+ cells. htlv-i also produces myelopathy. a minor t cell immunodeficiency occurs in htlv-i acute t cell leukemia with associated strongyloidiasis and pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. huma ...	1993	7903870
successful treatment of kaposi's sarcoma with interferon-alpha in a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.	although combined therapy with interferon-alpha and zidovudine may be safely administered to some patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) and kaposi sarcoma, no ethnic chinese patient has been successfully treated before in this area. this case report concerns a 47-year-old male with a history of bisexuality who had suffered from oral ulcers for half a year, human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) serology was positive, and pathology of the oral ulcers disclosed kaposi sarcoma. co ...	1993	7907542
management of oral health in persons with hiv infection.	prevention and treatment of oral disease is required to maintain quality of life and to improve prognosis of patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv). management requires a team approach, and close collaboration with the appropriate responsible physicians and other health care workers is necessary. oral infection is frequent and usually opportunistic, and management is based on certain principles. infections may disseminate and can be persistent and severe; multiple concurre ...	1992	1312692
cytomegalovirus, angiomatosis, and kaposi's sarcoma: new observations of a debated relationship.	kaposi's sarcoma (ks) encompasses a broad spectrum of lesions ranging from foci of muco-cutaneous angiomatosis to tumor masses of internal organs. its strong association with immune deficiency and the marked differences in incidence between the various populations at risk are suggestive of an infectious etiology. the agent most often suspected of being implicated in the etiology of ks is cytomegalovirus (cmv); however, despite sustained research on this subject, its role remains controversial. t ...	1992	1315438
oral signs and symptoms in 160 greek hiv-infected patients.	one hundred and sixty hiv-infected greek patients were prospectively examined and the oral signs and symptoms were recorded. at the time of oral examination, 76 patients were asymptomatic seropositive, 47 were in arc stage and 37 had aids. one or more oral findings were recorded in 90.6% of the patients while a total of 33 different lesions were observed. the more common oral lesions (highly suspicious) were candidiasis (61%), hairy leukoplakia (24%), periodontitis (19%), necrotizing gingivitis ...	1992	1316436
cytomegalovirus pseudotumor presenting as bowel obstruction in a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.	although cytomegalovirus (cmv) can be fatal to patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids), it usually causes few, if any, symptoms. the virus has an affinity for the alimentary tract, especially the ileum and right colon. cmv infections of the gut are often erosive, resulting in enterocolitis, hemorrhage, or intestinal perforation. inflammatory mass formation is rare. kaposi's sarcoma and lymphoma are established causes of bowel obstruction in patients with aids. this report des ...	1992	1317095
an exploratory analysis of survival with aids using a nonparametric tree-structured approach.	we illustrate an analysis with classification and regression trees applied to survival data. through this application, we provide a description of the opportunistic diseases and sociodemographic factors that contribute to survival among people with human immunodeficiency virus disease. the analyses are based on 43,795 cases reported to the centers for disease control between january 1, 1984, and december 31, 1987. we used vital status as of december 31, 1989, to estimate mortality rates. we iden ...	1992	1322191
chronic verrucous varicella-zoster virus infection in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids). histologic and molecular biologic findings.	verrucous skin lesions have been attributed to various herpes viruses in immunosuppressed patients, including those with human immunodeficiency virus infection (hiv). we examined such lesions from six hiv-infected patients to determine the range of microscopic findings present and to establish which herpesviruses were present. verrucous epidermal hyperplasia, pseudocarcinomatous hyperplasia, and massive hyperkeratosis correlate with the warty clinical appearance of the lesions. herpetic cytopath ...	1992	1324620
discrete gastrointestinal mass lesions caused by cytomegalovirus in patients with aids: report of three cases and review.	we report the detailed clinical features of discrete mass lesions of the gastrointestinal tract caused by cytomegalovirus in three patients who had the acquired immunodeficiency virus syndrome. the disease occurred in the fundus of the stomach in one patient and in the cecum in the other two persons. the symptoms as well as radiographic and endoscopic findings in each case are described and are shown to be indistinguishable from those resulting from a neoplasm. the diagnosis was established by t ...	1992	1330013
pathogenesis of human immunodeficiency virus-related kaposi's sarcoma.	infection with the human immunodeficiency virus-1 is associated with a marked increase in the incidence of kaposi's sarcoma. recent studies suggest that the risk of kaposi's sarcoma in human immunodeficiency virus infection is increased with oral-fecal contact and that a sexually transmitted agent possibly related to human papillomavirus-16 could be involved. exposure to this or another sexually transmitted agent apparently alters both the morphology and growth regulation of the kaposi's sarcoma ...	1992	1333810
increased prostaglandin e2 and camp phosphodiesterase levels in kaposi's sarcoma--a virus against host defense mechanism.	in kaposi's sarcoma tissue, prostaglandin e2 (pge2) levels and camp phosphodiesterase levels were found to be higher than in surrounding normal tissue. we have shown earlier that pge2 suppresses interferon (ifn) alpha production. high levels of camp phosphodiesterases result in low camp levels. thus, this phenomenon may be involved in altered immunologic resistance, growth and differentiation.	1992	1335594
risk of kaposi's sarcoma and sexual practices associated with faecal contact in homosexual or bisexual men with aids.	the causal agent of kaposi's sarcoma is unknown. that the disorder is ten times more common in homosexual or bisexual men with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) than in other human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) transmission groups suggests that a certain aspect of their behaviour exposes them to the agent or facilitates its spread. we therefore assessed social and demographic characteristics, including sexual behaviour, of 65 homosexual or bisexual men with aids from london. sexual pr ...	1992	1347337
human papillomavirus type 16 and kaposi's sarcoma.		1992	1348340
human papillomavirus type 16 and kaposi's sarcoma.		1992	1348342
prophylaxis for pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus.	following the initial observation by dr. margaret fischl that trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole can prevent pneumocystis carinii infection in patients with kaposi's sarcoma, initiating prophylaxis for pneumocystic infection in all patients with less than 200 cd4+ cells/mm3 has become accepted practice. this prophylactic intervention has been found not only to reduce the development of pneumonia due to p. carinii but also to prolong life. drs. henry masur and joseph a. kovacs first reviewed prophylax ...	1992	1350925
high level of htlv-i specific protein expression in a patient with adult t-cell leukemia, chronic progressive myelopathy and kaposi's sarcoma.	analysis was made of serum anti-htlv-i antibodies, virus-specific proteins in peripheral blood lymphocytes (pbl) and proviruses in lymphocyte dna of a patient with adult t-cell leukemia (atl), kaposi's sarcoma, and chronic myelopathy. using western blot and pcr (with hiv-1 specific primers), it was shown that kaposi's sarcoma was not linked to hiv infection. western blot analysis of serum revealed antibodies against p19, p24 and pr 53 of htlv-i. examination of proteins in fresh pbl by western bl ...	1992	1352562
human t-cell leukemia virus type i or a related retrovirus in patients with mycosis fungoides/sézary syndrome and kaposi's sarcoma.	antibodies reactive with human t-cell leukemia virus type i (htlv-i) proteins p19, p24, gp46, p56, and gp68 were detected in four of 27 patients with mycosis fungoides/sézary syndrome (mf/ss) and one patient with kaposi's sarcoma using radioimmunoprecipitation and western blot analysis. seroreactivity patterns to htlv-i proteins of mf/ss sera were indeterminate or limited in comparison with sera of patients with adult t-cell leukemia/lymphoma. htlv-i gag- and tax/rex-specific dna was demonstrate ...	1992	1353704
molluscum contagiosum in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection. a review of twenty-seven patients.	molluscum contagiosum (mc) is a common and at times severely disfiguring cutaneous viral infection in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection.	1992	1357010
[kaposi's sarcoma in tainan: report of five cases].	kaposi's sarcoma (ks) is an uncommon cutaneous neoplasm with an increased incidence among jews and italians of europe and north america and negroes of equatory africa. in recent years, several cases have been diagnosed in aids patients and in patients who have undergone organ transplantation or received immunosuppressant treatments. we have diagnosed five cases of ks over a 3-year period in our department. they include four men and one women, aged from 58 to 79 years, and who were born and had l ...	1992	1358363
inhibition of development of kaposi's sarcoma-related lesions by a bacterial cell wall complex.	in vitro and in vivo model systems for the study of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-associated kaposi's sarcoma (ks) were used to evaluate compounds for their potential as therapeutic agents. a sulfated polysaccharide-peptidoglycan compound (sp-pg) produced by bacteria controlled the in vitro growth of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids)-associated, ks-derived spindle-shaped cells (aids-ks cells) at noncytotoxic concentrations. angiogenesis induced by aids-ks cells in the chicken chorio ...	1992	1371891