Publications

updated catalogue of homologues to human disease-related proteins in the yeast genome.	the recent availability of the full saccharomyces cerevisiae genome offers a perfect opportunity for revising the number of homologues to human disease-related proteins. we carried out automatic analysis of the complete s. cerevisiae genome and of the set of human disease-related proteins as identified in the swissprot sequence data base. we identified 285 yeast proteins similar to 155 human disease-related proteins, including 239 possible cases of human-yeast direct functional equivalence (orth ...	1998	9598968
nuclear organization and silencing: trafficking of sir proteins.	in budding yeast genes integrated near telomeres succumb to a variegated pattern of gene repression that requires the silent information regulatory proteins sir2p, sir3p and sir4p, which form a nucleosome-binding complex. immunolocalization shows that the sir proteins co-localize with the telomeric repeat binding protein rap1p and with telomeric dna in a limited number of foci near the periphery of interphase nuclei. all conditions tested so far that disrupt telomere proximal repression result i ...	1998	9601014
isolation of the aspergillus nidulans sudd gene and its human homologue.	we have been studying the heat-sensitive bimd6 mutation of aspergillus nidulans. at a restrictive temperature, the chromosomes of bimd6 mutant strains fail to attach properly to the spindle microtubules, and the mutant also displays a high rate of chromosome loss. we previously cloned the suda gene, an extragenic suppressor of the heat-sensitive bimd6 mutation and showed that it coded for a da-box or smc protein. smc proteins have been demonstrated to function in chromosome condensation, segrega ...	1998	9602165
high resolution chromosome analysis and in situ hybridization on amniotic fluid for diagnosis of a cryptic translocation.	we report a cryptic translocation ascertained in a family after the birth of a mentally retarded proband. high resolution chromosome examination revealed that the father had a subtle translocation between chromosome 5 and chromosome 13, 46, xy, t(5;13) (q35.2;q34). two specific, non-routine techniques were associated for prenatal diagnosis: high resolution cytogenetic studies on the amniotic fluid and fluorescent in situ hybridization with yacs as specific telomeric probes. the fetus had the sam ...	1998	9602490
the eukaryotic udp-n-acetylglucosamine pyrophosphorylases. gene cloning, protein expression, and catalytic mechanism.	a search of the yeast data base for a protein homologous to escherichia coli udp-n-acetylglucosamine pyrophosphorylase yielded uap1 (udp-n-acetylglucosamine pyrophosphorylase), the saccharomyces cerevisiae gene for udp-n-acetylglucosamine pyrophosphorylase. the candida albicans and human homologs were also cloned by screening a c. albicans genomic library and a human testis cdna library, respectively. sequence analysis revealed that the human uap1 cdna was identical to previously reported agx1. ...	1998	9603950
proteolytic cleavage of hsrad51 during apoptosis.	the rad51 gene of saccharomyces cerevisiae is required for genetic recombination and recombinational repair of dna strand breaks. in higher eukaryotes rad51 is essential for embryonic development, and is involved in cell proliferation and dna repair. here we show that human rad51 (hsrad51) is proteolytically cleaved during apoptosis in two t-lymphocyte cell lines, jurkat and pfi-285. apoptosis was induced by camptothecin or anti-fas monoclonal antibody (anti-fas mab). hsrad51 was cleaved with si ...	1998	9607320
expression and purification of correctly processed, active human tace catalytic domain in saccharomyces cerevisiae.	human tumor necrosis factor-alpha (tnf alpha) converting enzyme (tace) releases soluble tnf alpha from cells. it is a member of the adamalysin family of metalloproteases. a truncated form of tace cdna was expressed in saccharomyces cerevisiae and purified to homogeneity in order to study tace structure and function. recombinant tace was expressed as a preproprotein including the pro- and catalytic (procat) domains fused to the yeast alpha-factor leader. a c-terminal immunoreactive flag peptide w ...	1998	9631522
purification, characterization, and cloning of a cytosolic aspartyl aminopeptidase.	an aminopeptidase with a preference for n-terminal aspartyl and glutamyl residues but distinct from glutamyl aminopeptidase (ec 3.4. 11.7) was purified to near homogeneity from rabbit brain cytosol. its properties were similar to an enzyme described previously (kelly, j. a., neidle, e. l., and neidle, a. (1983) j. neurochem. 40, 1727-1734). aspartyl aminopeptidase had barely detectable activity toward simple aminoacyl-naphthylamide substrates. its activity was determined with the substrate asp-a ...	1998	9632644
myb-related schizosaccharomyces pombe cdc5p is structurally and functionally conserved in eukaryotes.	schizosaccharomyces pombe cdc5p is a myb-related protein that is essential for g2/m progression. to explore the structural and functional conservation of cdc5 throughout evolution, we isolated cdc5-related genes and cdnas from saccharomyces cerevisiae, caenorhabditis elegans, drosophila melanogaster, and homo sapiens. supporting the notion that these cdc5 gene family members are functionally homologous to s. pombe cdc5(+), human and fly cdc5 cdnas are capable of complementing the temperature-sen ...	1998	9632794
functional conservation of the transportin nuclear import pathway in divergent organisms.	human transportin1 (htrn1) is the nuclear import receptor for a group of pre-mrna/mrna-binding proteins (heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins [hnrnp]) represented by hnrnp a1, which shuttle continuously between the nucleus and the cytoplasm. htrn1 interacts with the m9 region of hnrnp a1, a 38-amino-acid domain rich in gly, ser, and asn, and mediates the nuclear import of m9-bearing proteins in vitro. saccharomyces cerevisiae transportin (ytrn; also known as ybr017c or kap104p) has been iden ...	1998	9632798
transcriptional regulation of the mdr1 gene by histone acetyltransferase and deacetylase is mediated by nf-y.	recent studies have shown that the histone-modifying enzymes histone acetyltransferase (hat) and histone deacetylase (hdac) are involved in transcriptional activation and repression, respectively. however, little is known about the endogenous genes that are regulated by these enzymes or how specificity is achieved. in the present report, we demonstrate that hat and hdac activities modulate transcription of the p-glycoprotein-encoding gene, mdr1. incubation of human colon carcinoma sw620 cells in ...	1998	9632821
direct evidence for suppression of recombination within two pericentric inversions in humans: a new sperm-fish technique.	crossover within a pericentric inversion produces reciprocal recombinant chromosomes that are duplicated/deficient for all chromatin distal to the breakpoints. in view of this fact, a new technique is presented for estimating the frequency of recombination within pericentric inversions. yac probes were selected from within the q- and p-arm flanking regions of two human inversions, and two-color fish analysis was performed on sperm from heterozygous inversion carriers. a total of 6,006 sperm were ...	1998	9634501
nucleocytoplasmic transport: driving and directing transport.	nucleocytoplasmic transport involves assembly and movement across the nuclear envelope of cargo-receptor complexes that interact with the small gtpase ran. the asymmetric distribution of ran regulator proteins, rangap1 and rcc1, provides the driving force and directionality for nuclear transport.	1998	9635180
spastic paraplegia and oxphos impairment caused by mutations in paraplegin, a nuclear-encoded mitochondrial metalloprotease.	hereditary spastic paraplegia (hsp) is characterized by progressive weakness and spasticity of the lower limbs due to degeneration of corticospinal axons. we found that patients from a chromosome 16q24.3-linked hsp family are homozygous for a 9.5 kb deletion involving a gene encoding a novel protein, named paraplegin. two additional paraplegin mutations, both resulting in a frameshift, were found in a complicated and in a pure form of hsp. paraplegin is highly homologous to the yeast mitochondri ...	1998	9635427
identification, chromosomal mapping and tissue-specific expression of hrev3 encoding a putative human dna polymerase zeta.	the saccharomyces cerevisiae rev3 gene encodes the catalytic subunit of a non-essential dna polymerase zeta, which is required for mutagenesis. the rev3 mutants significantly reduce both spontaneous and dna damage-induced mutation rates. we have identified human cdna clones from two different libraries whose deduced amino acid sequences bear remarkable homology to the yeast rev3, and named this gene hrev3. the hrev3 gene was mapped to chromosome 1p32-33 by fluorescence in situ hybridization. the ...	1998	9635887
molecular analysis of camnt1p, a mannosyl transferase important for adhesion and virulence of candida albicans.	there is an immediate need for identification of new antifungal targets in opportunistic pathogenic fungi like candida albicans. in the past, efforts have focused on synthesis of chitin and glucan, which confer mechanical strength and rigidity upon the cell wall. this paper describes the molecular analysis of camnt1, a gene involved in synthesis of mannoproteins, the third major class of macromolecule found in the cell wall. camnt1 encodes an alpha-1, 2-mannosyl transferase, which adds the secon ...	1998	9636208
a novel protein complex that interacts with the vitamin d3 receptor in a ligand-dependent manner and enhances vdr transactivation in a cell-free system.	nuclear receptors transduce hormonal signals by binding directly to dna target sites in promoters and modulating the transcription of linked genes. receptor-mediated transactivation appears to be potentiated in response to ligand by a number of coactivators that may provide key interactions with components of the transcription preinitiation complex and/or alter chromatin structure. here, we use the vitamin d3 receptor ligand-binding domain (vdr lbd) as an affinity matrix to identify components o ...	1998	9637681
assembly of a high-resolution map of the acadian usher syndrome region and localization of the nuclear ef-hand acidic gene.	usher syndrome type 1c (ush1c) occurs in a small population of acadian descendants from southwestern louisiana. linkage and linkage disequilibrium analyses localize ush1c to chromosome 11p between markers d11s1397 and d11s1888, an interval of less than 680 kb. here, we refine the ush1c linkage to a region less than 400 kb, between genetic markers d11s1397 and d11s1890. using 17 genetic markers from this interval, we have isolated a contiguous set of 60 bacterial artificial chromosomes (bacs) tha ...	1998	9639681
chromatin-remodeling factors: machines that regulate?	chromatin has shifted into the focus of attention as a key to understanding the regulation of nuclear processes such as transcription. protein machines have been described that use the energy of atp to render chromatin dynamic and hence active, but which may also be involved in chromatin assembly. the discovery of three different drosophila nucleosome remodeling complexes that contain imitation switch (iswi), an atpase with a high degree of sequence conservation from yeast to human, points to a ...	1998	9640535
prmt 3, a type i protein arginine n-methyltransferase that differs from prmt1 in its oligomerization, subcellular localization, substrate specificity, and regulation.	methylation is one of the many post-translational modifications that modulate protein function. although asymmetric ng,ng-dimethylation of arginine residues in glycine-arginine-rich domains of eucaryotic proteins, catalyzed by type i protein arginine n-methyltransferases (prmt), has been known for some time, members of this enzyme class have only recently been cloned. the first example of this type of enzyme, designated prmt1, cloned because of its ability to interact with the mammalian tis21 im ...	1998	9642256
the light gene of drosophila melanogaster encodes a homologue of vps41, a yeast gene involved in cellular-protein trafficking.	mutations in a number of genes affect eye colour in drosophila melanogaster; some of these "eye-colour" genes have been shown to be involved in various aspects of cellular transport processes. in addition, combinations of viable mutant alleles of some of these genes, such as carnation (car) combined with either light (lt) or deep-orange (dor) mutants, show lethal interactions. recently, dor was shown to be homologous to the yeast gene pep3 (vps18), which is known to be involved in intracellular ...	1998	9644832
c-nap1, a novel centrosomal coiled-coil protein and candidate substrate of the cell cycle-regulated protein kinase nek2.	nek2 (for nima-related kinase 2) is a mammalian cell cycle-regulated kinase structurally related to the mitotic regulator nima of aspergillus nidulans. in human cells, nek2 associates with centrosomes, and overexpression of active nek2 has drastic consequences for centrosome structure. here, we describe the molecular characterization of a novel human centrosomal protein, c-nap1 (for centrosomal nek2-associated protein 1), first identified as a nek2-interacting protein in a yeast two-hybrid scree ...	1998	9647649
molecular biology of the proteasome.	the proteasome is an unusually large multisubunit proteolytic complex, consisting of a central catalytic machine (equivalent to the 20s proteasome) and two terminal regulatory subcomplexes, termed pa700 or pa28, that are attached to both ends of the central portion in opposite orientations to form the enzymatically active proteasome. totally about 40 subunits with sizes of 20-110 kda are assembled to form two types of the proteasomal complexes with the same catalytic core and different regulator ...	1998	9647729
alpha 4 associates with protein phosphatases 2a, 4, and 6.	protein phosphatases participate in the regulation of a variety of cellular processes. control of their enzymatic activity and specificity is made possible largely by an array of regulatory subunits. novel serine/threonine phosphatases--pp4 and pp6 in human cells--have been discovered recently, for which regulatory subunits are yet to be identified. we report here the identification of a potential regulatory subunit of these phosphatases. using the yeast two-hybrid system, we have found that alp ...	1998	9647778
fizzy is required for activation of the apc/cyclosome in xenopus egg extracts.	the xenopus homologue of drosophila fizzy and budding yeast cdc20 has been characterized. the encoded protein (x-fzy) is a component of a high molecular weight complex distinct from the apc/cyclosome. antibodies directed against fzy were produced and shown to prevent calmodulin-dependent protein kinase ii (camkii) from inducing the metaphase to anaphase transition of spindles assembled in vitro in xenopus egg extracts, and this was associated with suppression of the degradation of mitotic cyclin ...	1998	9649427
negative regulation of the heat shock transcriptional response by hsbp1.	in response to stress, heat shock factor 1 (hsf1) acquires rapid dna binding and transient transcriptional activity while undergoing conformational transition from an inert non-dna-binding monomer to active functional trimers. attenuation of the inducible transcriptional response occurs during heat shock or upon recovery at non-stress conditions and involves dissociation of the hsf1 trimer and loss of activity. we have used the hydrophobic repeats of the hsf1 trimerization domain in the yeast tw ...	1998	9649501
the ets family member tel binds to the fli-1 oncoprotein and inhibits its transcriptional activity.	the tel gene, recently shown to be translocated in a spectrum of acute and chronic human leukemias, belongs to the ets family of sequence-specific transcription factors. to determine the role of tel in normal hematopoietic development, we used the tel gene as the bait in the yeast two-hybrid system to screen a hematopoietic stem cell library. two partners were identified: tel binds to itself, and tel binds to the ets family member fli-1. in vitro and in vivo assays confirmed these interactions. ...	1998	9651344
gtpase activating specificity of rgs12 and binding specificity of an alternatively spliced pdz (psd-95/dlg/zo-1) domain.	regulator of g-protein signaling (rgs) proteins increase the intrinsic guanosine triphosphatase (gtpase) activity of g-protein alpha subunits in vitro, but how specific g-protein-coupled receptor systems are targeted for down-regulation by rgs proteins remains uncharacterized. here, we describe the gtpase specificity of rgs12 and identify four alternatively spliced forms of human rgs12 mrna. two rgs12 isoforms of 6.3 and 5.7 kilobases (kb), encoding both an n-terminal pdz (psd-95/dlg/zo-1) domai ...	1998	9651375
sap30, a novel protein conserved between human and yeast, is a component of a histone deacetylase complex.	histone acetylation plays a key role in the regulation of eukaryotic gene expression. recently, histone acetylation and deacetylation were found to be catalyzed by structurally distinct, multisubunit complexes that mediate, respectively, activation and repression of transcription. here, we identify sap30 as a novel component of the human histone deacetylase complex that includes sin3, the histone deacetylases hdac1 and hdac2, histone binding proteins rbap46 and rbap48, as well as other polypepti ...	1998	9651585
reduced joining of dna double strand breaks with an abnormal mutation spectrum in rodent mutants of dna-pkcs and ku80.	to characterize further the contribution of the dna-pk-dependent dsb repair pathway in mammalian cells.	1998	9652803
cloning and mapping of human chromosome 6q26-q27 deleted in b-cell non-hodgkin lymphoma and multiple tumor types.	frequent deletions of the distal region on the long arm of chromosome 6 have been reported in multiple human tumors including b-cell non-hodgkin lymphoma (b-nhl), suggesting the presence of one or more tumor suppressor genes (tsgs) at this locus. previously, we identified a region of minimal molecular deletion at 6q25-q27 (rmd-1) in b-nhl cases. to facilitate positional cloning efforts to identify the rmd-1 tsg(s), a yeast artificial chromosome (yac) contig consisting of 110 clones was construct ...	1998	9653644
production of recombinant hydroxylated human type iii collagen fragment in saccharomyces cerevisiae.	a recombinant hydroxylated fragment of human type iii collagen has been produced in saccharomyces cerevisiae by coordinated coexpression of a collagen gene fragment together with both the alpha- and beta-subunit genes for prolyl-4-hydroxylase (ec 1.14.11.2). the collagen fragment consisted of 255 residues of the helical domain and the complete c-telopeptide and c-propeptide domains. it was inserted under the control of the ethanol-inducible adh2 promoter in a multicopy, trp1-selectable, yeast ex ...	1998	9655244
yeast expressed cytochrome p450 2d6 (cyp2d6) exposed on the external face of plasma membrane is functionally competent.	cyp2d6, a xenobiotic metabolizing cytochrome p450 (p450), was found to be present in significant amount on the outer face of cell plasma membrane in addition to the regular microsomal location. present work demonstrates that this external p450 is catalytically competent and that activity is supported by nadph-p450 reductase present on the inner face of plasma membrane. purified plasma membranes from yeast expressing cyp2d6 sustained nadph- and cumene hydroperoxide-dependent dextromethorphan deme ...	1998	9658184
ero1p: a novel and ubiquitous protein with an essential role in oxidative protein folding in the endoplasmic reticulum.	the structure of many proteins entering the secretory pathway is dependent on stabilization by disulfide bonds. to support disulfide-linked folding, the endoplasmic reticulum (er) must maintain a strongly oxidizing environment compared to the highly reduced environment of the cytosol. we report here the identification and characterization of ero1p, a novel and essential er-resident protein. mutations in ero1p cause extreme sensitivity to the reducing agent dtt, whereas overexpression confers dtt ...	1998	9659914
u1 snrnp inhibits pre-mrna polyadenylation through a direct interaction between u1 70k and poly(a) polymerase.	it has previously been shown in vivo that bovine papillomavirus represses its late gene expression via a 5' splice site sequence located upstream of the late polyadenylation signal. here, the mechanism of repression is determined by in vitro analysis. u1 snrnp binding to the 5' splice site results in inhibition of polyadenylation via a direct interaction with poly(a) polymerase (pap). although the inhibitory mechanism is similar to that used in u1a autoregulation, u1a within the u1 snrnp does no ...	1998	9659922
clamping down on clamps and clamp loaders--the eukaryotic replication factor c.	dna transactions such as dna replication and dna repair require the concerted action of many enzymes, together with other proteins and non-protein cofactors. among them three main accessory proteins, replication factor c (rf-c), proliferating-cell nuclear antigen (pcna) and replication protein a (rp-a), are essential for accurate and processive dna synthesis by dna polymerases. rf-c is a complex consisting of five polypeptides with distinct functions. rf-c can bind to a template-primer junction ...	1998	9660172
the human homolog of saccharomyces cerevisiae cdc45.	in budding yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae cdc45 is an essential gene required for initiation of dna replication. a structurally related protein tsd2 is necessary for dna replication in ustilago maydis. we have identified and cloned the gene for a human protein homologous to the fungal proteins. the human gene cdc45l is 30 kilobases long and contains 15 introns. the 16 exons encode a protein of 566 amino acids. the human protein is 52 and 49.5% similar to cdc45p and tsd2p, respectively. the level ...	1998	9660782
identification and expression of multidrug transporters responsible for fluconazole resistance in candida dubliniensis.	candida dubliniensis is a recently described candida species associated with oral candidosis in human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-infected and aids patients, from whom fluconazole-resistant clinical isolates have been previously recovered. furthermore, derivatives exhibiting a stable fluconazole-resistant phenotype have been readily generated in vitro from fluconazole-susceptible isolates following exposure to the drug. in this study, fluconazole-resistant isolates accumulated up to 80% less [3 ...	1998	9661028
proteolytic activation of mst/krs, ste20-related protein kinase, by caspase during apoptosis.	the fas system has been extensively investigated as a model of apoptosis and the caspase cascade has been shown to be a characteristic mechanism of signaling of apoptosis. we have identified and purified a kinase that was activated after the stimulation of fas on human thymoma-derived hpb-all cells. partial amino acid sequencing of the purified kinase revealed it to be mst/krs, member of the yeast ste20 family of protein kinases. mst/krs was activated by proteolytic cleavage and proteolytic acti ...	1998	9662336
non-hodgkin's lymphomas and myeloid disorders: deletions associated with t(2;5) and t(3;5) detected by fish.	the nucleophosmin (npm) gene is involved in two recurrent translocations in hematological malignancies: t(2;5) (p23;q35) in anaplastic large cell lymphoma (alcl) and t(3;5)(q25.1;q34-35) in myelodysplasia and acute non-lymphocytic leukemia (anll). using eight yacs encompassing the 5q34-q35 region, we could easily detect these two translocations. in both types of translocation, probable unexpected deletions were also discovered downstream of the breakpoint at 5q35.	1998	9665204
construction of a modular yeast two-hybrid cdna library from human est clones for the human genome protein linkage map.	identification of all human protein-protein interactions will lead to a global human protein linkage map that will provide important information for functional genomics studies. the yeast two-hybrid system is a powerful molecular genetic approach for studying protein-protein interactions. to apply this technology to generate a human protein linkage map, the first step is to construct two-hybrid cdna libraries that cover the entire human genome. with a homologous recombination-mediated approach, ...	1998	9666106
positive regulation of the human macrophage stimulating protein gene transcription. identification of a new hepatocyte nuclear factor-4 (hnf-4) binding element and evidence that indicates direct association between nf-y and hnf-4.	we previously reported that the transcription of the human macrophage stimulating protein (msp) gene was positively regulated by the binding of nf-y to the caatt sequence in the promoter region of this gene. here we confirmed our previous results and further characterized the msp promoter. luciferase assay with deletion constructs showed the importance of the region, +32 to +39, for the promoter activity in hep3b cells. two nuclear protein-dna probe (+15 to +40) complexes, c1 and c2, were detect ...	1998	9668124
the human line-1 reverse transcriptase:effect of deletions outside the common reverse transcriptase domain.	heterologous expression of human line-1 orf2 in yeast yielded a single polypeptide (mr145 000) which reacted with specific antibodies and co-purified with a reverse transcriptase activity not present in the host cells. various deletion derivatives of the orf2 polypeptide were also synthesized. reverse transcriptase assays using synthetic polynucleotides as template and primer revealed that orf2 protein missing a significant portion of the n-terminal endonuclease domain still retains some activit ...	1998	9671814
adhesion of candida albicans mutant strains to host tissue.	adhesion of candida albicans to host cells is believed to represent a fungal virulence factor and a significant step in the development of candidiasis. as c. albicans strains may differ in their in vitro adhesion ability we initiated a study to investigate whether mutant strains differ in this respect from their parent wild-type. we assessed the in vitro adhesion of c. albicans cbs562 and two mutants obtained by mutagenesis with n'-nitrosoguanidine: a histidine auxotroph, sag5, derived from cbs5 ...	1998	9673013
human swi/snf interconverts a nucleosome between its base state and a stable remodeled state.	the human swi/snf complex remodels nucleosome structure in an atp-dependent manner, although the nature of this change has not been determined. here we show that hswi/snf and atp generate an altered nucleosomal structure that is stable in the absence of swi/snf. this product has an altered sensitivity to digestion by dnase, restriction enzymes, and micrococcal nuclease, and an increased affinity for gal4. it has the same protein composition but is approximately twice the size of a normal nucleos ...	1998	9674423
secretory expression of human albumin domains in saccharomyces cerevisiae and their binding of myristic acid and an acylated insulin analogue.	albumin is organized in three homologous domains formed by double loops stabilized by disulfide bonds. utilizing a secretory expression system based on a synthetic secretory prepro-leader, the three human serum albumin domains were expressed in the yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae. human serum albumin domains i and iii were efficiently expressed and secreted, indicating that these domains can form independent structural units capable of folding into stable tertiary structures. in contrast, albumin ...	1998	9675058
expression and purification of recombinant hrpabc25, hrpabc17, and hrpabc14.4, three essential subunits of human rna polymerases i, ii, and iii.	transcription of eukaryotic genes is performed by rna polymerases i, ii, and iii, which synthesize ribosomal, messenger, and transfer rnas, respectively. eukaryotic rna polymerases are large macromolecular complexes composed of multiple subunits. among these subunits, five are shared by all rna polymerases and are essential for cell growth and viability. remarkably, the human common subunits are structurally conserved and functionally interchangeable with their yeast homologues and are believed ...	1998	9675063
molecular definition of pericentric inversion breakpoints occurring during the evolution of humans and chimpanzees.	high-resolution g-banding analysis has demonstrated remarkable morphological conservation of the chromosomes of the hominidae family members (humans, chimpanzees, gorillas, and orangutans), with the most notable differences between the genomes appearing as changes in heterochromatin distribution and pericentric inversions. pericentric inversions may have been important for the establishment of reproductive isolation and speciation of the hominoids as they diverged from a common ancestor. here th ...	1998	9676431
isolation of a gene encoding a novel member of the nuclear receptor superfamily from the critical region of usher syndrome type iia at 1q41.		1998	9676434
e2f3 activity is regulated during the cell cycle and is required for the induction of s phase.	previous work has demonstrated the important role of e2f transcription activity in the induction of s phase during the transition from quiescence to proliferation. in addition to the e2f-dependent activation of a number of genes encoding dna replication activities such as dna pol alpha, we now show that the majority of genes encoding initiation proteins, including cdc6 and the mcm proteins, are activated following the stimulation of cell growth and are regulated by e2f. the transcription of a su ...	1998	9679057
dna end-independent activation of dna-pk mediated via association with the dna-binding protein c1d.	dna-dependent protein kinase (dna-pk), which is involved in dna double-strand break repair and v(d)j recombination, is comprised of a dna-targeting component termed ku and an approximately 465-kd catalytic subunit, dna-pkcs. although dna-pk phosphorylates proteins in the presence of dsbs or other discontinuities in the dna double helix in vitro, the possibility exists that it is also activated in other circumstances via its association with additional proteins. here, through use of the yeast two ...	1998	9679063
nopp140 functions as a molecular link between the nucleolus and the coiled bodies.	coiled bodies are small nuclear organelles that are highly enriched in small nuclear rnas, and that have long been thought to be associated with the nucleolus. here we use mutational analysis, transient transfections, and the yeast two-hybrid system to show that the nucleolar phosphoprotein nopp140 functions as a molecular link between the two prominent nuclear organelles. exogenous nopp140 accumulated in the nucleolus rapidly, but only after a lag phase in coiled bodies, suggesting a pathway be ...	1998	9679133
an evolutionary approach to the design of glutathione-linked enzymes.	studies of protein structure provide information about principles of protein design that have come into play in natural evolution. this information can be exploited in the redesign of enzymes for novel functions. the glutathione-binding domain of glutathione transferases has similarities with structures in other glutathione-linked proteins, such as glutathione peroxidases and thioredoxin (glutaredoxin), suggesting divergent evolution from a common ancestral protein fold. in contrast, the binding ...	1998	9679539
cdna cloning and characterisation of an alpha-glucosidase gene from potato (solanum tuberosum l.).	using an arabidopsis thaliana expressed sequence tag with sequence similarity to human lysosomal alpha-glucosidase as a probe, a potato cdna was isolated. the cdna encodes a polypeptide with an mr value of 105,400 and the most significant matches of the deduced amino acid sequence are with members of family 31 of glucosyl transferase. the potato cdna was expressed in a strain of saccharomyces cerevisiae that is deficient in maltase activity and unable to grow using maltose as a carbon source (ab ...	1998	9680991
molecular cloning and functional analysis of the arabidopsis thaliana dna ligase i homologue.	a cdna encoding the dna ligase i homologue has been isolated from arabidopsis thaliana using a degenerate pcr approach. the orf of this cdna encodes an amino acid sequence of 790 residues, representing a protein with a theoretical molecular mass of 87.8 kda and an isoelectric point (pi) of 8.20. alignment of the a. thaliana dna ligase protein sequence with the sequence of dna ligases from human (homo sapiens), murine (mus musculus), clawed toad (xenopus laevis) and the yeasts schizosaccharomyces ...	1998	9681027
opposite base-dependent excision of 7,8-dihydro-8-oxoadenine by the ogg1 protein of saccharomyces cerevisiae.	the yogg1 protein of saccharomyces cerevisiae is a dna glycosylase/ap lyase that excises guanine lesions such as 7,8-dihydro-8-oxoguanine (8-oxog) and 2,6-diamino-4-hydroxy-5-n-methylformamidopyrimidine (me-fapy-g) and incises apurinic/apyrimidinic sites (ap sites) in damaged dna. the yogg1 protein displays a marked preference for dna duplexes containing 8-oxog or ap sites placed opposite cytosine. in this paper, we show that yogg1 can also excise an adenine lesion, 7,8-dihydro-8-oxoadenine (8-o ...	1998	9683192
smith-lemli-opitz syndrome is caused by mutations in the 7-dehydrocholesterol reductase gene.	smith-lemli-opitz syndrome is a frequently occurring autosomal recessive developmental disorder characterized by facial dysmorphisms, mental retardation, and multiple congenital anomalies. biochemically, the disorder is caused by deficient activity of 7-dehydrocholesterol reductase, which catalyzes the final step in the cholesterol-biosynthesis pathway-that is, the reduction of the delta7 double bond of 7-dehydrocholesterol to produce cholesterol. we identified a partial transcript coding for hu ...	1998	9683613
the cloning expression and tissue distribution of human pp2cbeta.	we have cloned a novel pp2cbeta isoform from a human liver cdna library which codes for a protein homologous to other mammalian pp2cbetas at the n-terminus but with an extended c-terminus that is unique amongst the pp2cs. the protein expressed in e. coli is indistinguishable from human recombinant pp2calpha in its cation dependence and insensitivity to okadaic acid. northern blot analysis of pp2cbeta along with that of pp2calpha shows that human pp2cs are widely expressed and are most abundant i ...	1998	9684878
characterization of kif1c, a new kinesin-like protein involved in vesicle transport from the golgi apparatus to the endoplasmic reticulum.	kinesins comprise a large family of microtubule-based motor proteins, of which individual members mediate specific types of motile processes. using the ezrin domain of the protein-tyrosine phosphatase ptpd1 as a bait in a yeast two-hybrid screen, we identified a new kinesin-like protein, kif1c. kif1c represents a member of the unc104 subfamily of kinesin-like proteins that are involved in the transport of mitochondria or synaptic vesicles in axons. like its homologues, the 1103-amino acid protei ...	1998	9685376
isolation and initial characterization of gbf, a novel dna-binding zinc finger protein that binds to the gc-rich binding sites of the hiv-1 promoter.	human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) and its clinical syndrome, acquired immune deficiency syndrome (aids), are one of the world's most prominent health problems. to understand the mechanisms underlying hiv transcription and thereby its propagation, we have focused on the molecular interactions at the gc-rich binding sites of the hiv-1 core promoter, a region important for hiv-1 transcription. previous biochemical studies have shown that sp1, a zinc finger transcription factor initially isolated a ...	1998	9685731
pact, a protein activator of the interferon-induced protein kinase, pkr.	pkr, a latent protein kinase, mediates the antiviral actions of interferon. it is also involved in cellular signal transduction, apoptosis, growth regulation and differentiation. although in virus-infected cells, viral double-stranded (ds) rna can serve as a pkr activator, cellular activators have remained obscure. here, we report the cloning of pact, a cellular protein activator of pkr. pact heterodimerized with pkr and activated it in vitro in the absence of dsrna. in mammalian cells, overexpr ...	1998	9687506
sro7p, a saccharomyces cerevisiae counterpart of the tumor suppressor l(2)gl protein, is related to myosins in function.	yeast sro7 was identified as a multicopy suppressor of a defect in rho3p, a small gtpase that maintains cell polarity. sro7p and sro77p, a homologue of sro7p, possess domains homologous to the protein that are encoded by the drosophila tumor suppressor gene lethal (2) giant larvae [l(2)gl]. sro7delta sro77delta mutants showed a partial defect of organization of the polarized actin cytoskeleton and a cold-sensitive growth phenotype. a human counterpart of l(2)gl could suppress the sro7delta sro77 ...	1998	9691031
detailed genetic mapping around a putative prostate-specific membrane antigen locus on human chromosome 11p11.2.	physical mapping of the human prostate-specific membrane antigen gene (folh) has not been straightforward. previously, localisations of this gene to either 11p11.2 or 11q14 have been described. this raised the possibility of the presence of more than one related folh gene in man. we now present detailed characterisation of the region around a folh gene in a 500-kb non-chimaeric yac clone, putatively assigned to 11p11.2. this clone contains two known microsatellites, d11s1326 and d11s1357 which h ...	1998	9691167
physical mapping of the ca6, eno1, and slc2a5 (glut5) genes and reassignment of slc2a5 to 1p36.2.	several human malignancies frequently exhibit deletions or rearrangements of the distal short arm of chromosome 1 (1p36), and a number of genetic diseases also map to this region. the carbonic anhydrase (ca6) and alpha-enolase (eno1) genes, previously mapped to 1p36, were physically linked in yeast- and p1-artificial chromosome (yac and pac) contigs. pacs from the contig were mapped to 1p36.2 by fluorescence in situ hybridization. the ests d1s2068, d1s274e, d1s3275, and stsg4370 were also placed ...	1998	9691177
the saccharomyces cerevisiae pet309 protein is embedded in the mitochondrial inner membrane.	the nuclear pet309 gene of saccharomyces cerevisiae is necessary for expression of the mitochondrial cox1 gene, which encodes subunit i of cytochrome c oxidase. in a pet309 null mutant, there is a defect both in accumulation of cox1 pre-rna, if it contains introns, and in translation of cox1 rnas [manthey, g. m. & mcewen, j. e. (1995) embo j. 14, 4031-4043]. to facilitate identification and intracellular localization of the protein pet309p, that is encoded by the pet309 gene, pet309p was tagged ...	1998	9692914
high-level production of human parathyroid hormone (hpth) by induced expression in saccharomyces cerevisiae.	saccharomyces cerevisiae was used as host for high-level production of intact human parathyroid hormone (hpth). the yield increased about 30-fold by changing from the constitutive mfalpha promoter to the inducible cup1 promoter in the expression cassettes, use of another host strain, and optimization of growth conditions where especially the ph value was crucial. the secreted products consisted mainly of intact hormone, hpth(1-84). in addition, two c-terminally truncated forms that lacked the fo ...	1998	9693065
the adf homology (adf-h) domain: a highly exploited actin-binding module.		1998	9693358
the 30-kd domain of protein 4.1 mediates its binding to the carboxyl terminus of picln, a protein involved in cellular volume regulation.	erythrocyte protein 4.1 (p4.1) is an 80-kd cytoskeletal protein that is important for the maintenance of the structural integrity and flexibility of the red blood cell membrane. limited chymotryptic digestion of erythroid p4.1 yields 4 structural domains corresponding to the 30-, 16-, 10-, and 22/24-kd domains. using a yeast two-hybrid system, we isolated cdna clones encoding picln that specifically interacts with the 30-kd domain of p4.1. in this report, we show that the carboxyl-terminus (amin ...	1998	9694734
multiple functions of pmt1p-mediated protein o-mannosylation in the fungal pathogen candida albicans.	protein mannosylation by pmt proteins initiates o-glycosylation in fungi. we have identified the pmt1 gene and analyzed the function of pmt1p in the fungal human pathogen candida albicans. mutants defective in pmt1 alleles lacked pmt in vitro enzymatic activity, showed reduced growth rates, and tended to form cellular aggregates. in addition, multiple specific deficiencies not known in saccharomyces cerevisiae (including defective hyphal morphogenesis; supersensitivity to the antifungal agents h ...	1998	9694829
structural and functional analysis of sft, a stimulator of fe transport.	previous studies demonstrated that sft (stimulator of fe transport) facilitates both transferrin and nontransferrin-bound iron uptake in hela cells (yu, j., and wessling-resnick, m. (1998) j. biol. chem. 273, 6909-6915). to further characterize the structure and function of sft, we studied this human factor in rodent bhk cells. kyte-doolittle analysis suggests that sft has six transmembrane-spanning segments. this transport protein also displays an rexxe motif resembling domains involved in iron ...	1998	9694900
role of the human rad51 protein in homologous recombination and double-stranded-break repair.	eukaryotic cells possess several mechanisms for repairing double-stranded breaks in dna. one mechanism involves genetic recombination with an intact sister duplex. the recent identification of the rad51 protein, a eukaryotic homologue of escherichia coli reca, represents a landmark discovery in our understanding of the key reactions in this repair pathway. rad51 is similar to reca, both biochemically and structurally: it promotes homologous pairing and strand exchange within a regular nucleoprot ...	1998	9697414
a retinoblastoma-binding protein that affects cell-cycle control and confers transforming ability.	the retinoblastoma (rb) gene is one of the most extensively studied tumour-suppressor genes. deletion or inactivation of both rb alleles is an essential, rate-limiting step in the formation of retinoblastoma and osteosarcoma that arise in families that carry mutant rb (ref. 2). rb inactivation is also found in other human tumours. whereas loss of rb function is associated with the loss of cellular proliferative control, introduction of a wild-type rb can suppress cell growth and tumorigenicity. ...	1998	9697699
structure determination and characterization of saccharomyces cerevisiae profilin.	the structure of profilin from the budding yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae has been determined by x-ray crystallography at 2.3 a resolution. the overall fold of yeast profilin is similar to the fold observed for other profilin structures. the interactions of yeast and human platelet profilins with rabbit skeletal muscle actin were characterized by titration microcalorimetry, fluorescence titrations, and nucleotide exchange kinetics. the affinity of yeast profilin for rabbit actin (2.9 microm) is ...	1998	9698363
mutations in the delta1-pyrroline 5-carboxylate dehydrogenase gene cause type ii hyperprolinemia.	we surveyed delta1-pyrroline 5-carboxylate dehydrogenase genes from four patients with hyperprolinemia type ii using rt-pcr amplification, genomic pcr amplification and direct sequencing. we found four mutant alleles, two with frameshift mutations [a7fs(-1) and g521fs(+1)] and two with missense mutations (s352l and p16l). to test the functional consequences of three of these, we expressed them in a p5cdh-deficient strain of saccharomyces cerevisiae . in contrast to wild-type human p5cdh, yeast e ...	1998	9700195
the mammalian homologue of prp16p is overexpressed in a cell line tolerant to leflunomide, a new immunoregulatory drug effective against rheumatoid arthritis.	prp2p, prp16p, prp22p, and prp43p are members of the deah-box family of atp-dependent putative rna helicases required for pre-mrna splicing in saccharomyces cerevisiae. recently, mammalian homologues of prp43p and prp22p have been described, supporting the idea that splicing in yeast and man is phylogenetically conserved. in this study, we show that a murine cell line resistant to the novel immunoregulatory drug leflunomide (arava) overexpresses a 135-kda protein that is a putative deah-box rna ...	1998	9701291
interaction of phosducin and phosducin isoforms with a 26s proteasomal subunit, sug1.	retinal phosducin (phd) and phosducin-like protein 1 (phlp1) selectively bind g-protein beta/gamma subunits (gbetagamma). our laboratory has recently identified two phosducin-like orphan proteins (phlop1 and phlop2) that lack the ability to interact with gbetagamma. in search of potential functional protein partner(s) for these phosducin orphans, we examined their protein-protein interactions using a yeast two-hybrid screen.	1998	9701609
disomy rates for chromosomes 14 and 21 studied by fluorescent in-situ hybridization in spermatozoa from three men over 60 years of age.	in order to further investigate the paternal-age effect on meiotic non-disjunction rates for the chromosomes 14 and 21, we examined spermatozoa from three men aged > 60, using multicolour fluorescent in-situ hybridization (fish). more than 10,000 sperm cells were analysed for each of the three subjects (a, b and c), by simultaneously hybridizing two yac probes specific for chromosomes 14 and 21 respectively using two-colour fish. the results show that the disomy 21 rates observed in the spermato ...	1998	9701792
chromosomal rearrangements occur in s. cerevisiae rfa1 mutator mutants due to mutagenic lesions processed by double-strand-break repair.	three temperature-sensitive s. cerevisiae rfa1 alleles were found to cause elevated mutation rates. these mutator phenotypes resulted from the accumulation of base substitutions, frameshifts, gross deletions (8 bp-18 kb), and nonreciprocal translocations. a representative rfa1 mutation exhibited a growth defect in conjunction with rad51, rad52, or rad10 mutations, suggesting an accumulation of double-strand breaks. rad10 and rad52 mutations eliminated deletion and translocation formation, wherea ...	1998	9702187
[srm8 and srm12--two genes of rad9-dependent pathway controlling the radioresistance of saccharomyces cerevisiae].		1998	9702505
analysis of repair and mutagenesis of chromium-induced dna damage in yeast, mammalian cells, and transgenic mice.	chromium (cr) is a widespread environmental contaminant and a known human carcinogen. we have used shuttle vector systems in yeast, mammalian cells, and transgenic mice to characterize the mutational specificity and premutational dna damage induced by cr(vi) and its reduction intermediates in order to elucidate the mechanism by which cr induces mutations. in the yeast system, treatment of vector-containing cells with cr(vi) results in a dose-dependent increase in mutations in the sup4-o target g ...	1998	9703488
recombinant human mrna cap methyltransferase binds capping enzyme/rna polymerase iio complexes.	guanine n-7 methylation is an essential step in the formation of the m7gpppn cap structure that is characteristic of eukaryotic mrna 5' ends. the terminal 7-methylguanosine is recognized by cap-binding proteins that facilitate key events in gene expression including mrna processing, transport, and translation. here we describe the cloning, primary structure, and properties of human rna (guanine-7-)methyltransferase. sequence alignment of the 476-amino acid human protein with the corresponding ye ...	1998	9705270
nuclease activities in a complex of human recombination and dna repair factors rad50, mre11, and p95.	genetic studies in yeast have indicated a role of the rad50 and mre11 genes in homologous recombination, telomere length maintenance, and dna repair processes. here, we purify from nuclear extract of raji cells a complex consisting of human rad50, mre11, and another protein factor with a size of about 95 kda (p95), which is likely to be nibrin, the protein encoded by the gene mutated in nijmegen breakage syndrome. we show that the rad50-mre11-p95 complex possesses manganese-dependent single-stra ...	1998	9705271
a novel carbohydrate-glycosphingolipid interaction between a beta-(1-3)-glucan immunomodulator, pgg-glucan, and lactosylceramide of human leukocytes.	the immunomodulator betafectin(r) pgg-glucan is a homopolymer of glucose derived from yeast cell walls which has been demonstrated to enhance leukocyte anti-infective activity in vitro and in vivo, without the induction of proinflammatory cytokines. we report here the purification of a pgg-glucan-binding element from human leukocytes and its identification as lactosylceramide, a major glycosphingolipid of neutrophils, which includes the cdw17 epitope. the binding of radiolabeled pgg-glucan to pu ...	1998	9705343
the products of the yeast mms2 and two human homologs (hmms2 and croc-1) define a structurally and functionally conserved ubc-like protein family.	eukaryotic genes encoding ubiquitin-congugating enzyme (ubc)-like proteins have been isolated from both human and yeast cells. the croc-1 gene was isolated by its ability to transactivate c- fos expression in cell culture through a tandem repeat enhancer sequence. the yeast mms2 gene was cloned by its ability to complement the methyl methanesulfonate sensitivity of the mms2-1 mutant and was later shown to be involved in dna post-replication repair. we report here the identification of a human mm ...	1998	9705497
distinct frequency-distributions of homopolymeric dna tracts in different genomes.	the unusual base composition of the genome of the human malaria parasite plasmodium falciparum prompted us to systematically investigate the occurrence of homopolymeric dna tracts in the p. falciparum genome and, for comparison, in the genomes of homo sapiens , saccharomyces cerevisiae , caenorhabditis elegans , arabidopsis thaliana , escherichia coli and mycobacterium tuberculosis. comparison of theobserved frequencies with the frequencies as expected for random dna revealed that homopolymeric ...	1998	9705519
the cop9 complex is conserved between plants and mammals and is related to the 26s proteasome regulatory complex.	the cop9 complex, genetically identified in arabidopsis as a repressor of photomorphogenesis, is composed of multiple subunits including cop9, fus6 (also known as cop11) and the arabidopsis jab1 homolog 1 (ajh1) ([1-3]; unpublished observations). we have previously demonstrated the existence of the mammalian counterpart of the cop9 complex and purified the complex by conventional biochemical and immunoaffinity procedures [4]. here, we report the molecular identities of all eight subunits of the ...	1998	9707402
polarity of dna strand exchange promoted by recombination proteins of the reca family.	homologs of escherichia coli reca recombination protein, which have been found throughout the living kingdom, promote homologous pairing and strand exchange. the nucleoprotein filament, within which strand exchange occurs, has been conserved through evolution, but conservation of the polarity of exchange and the significance of that directionality has not been settled. using oligonucleotides as substrates, and assays based on fluorescence resonance energy transfer (fret), we distinguished the bi ...	1998	9707563
acetylation and modulation of erythroid krüppel-like factor (eklf) activity by interaction with histone acetyltransferases.	erythroid krüppel-like factor (eklf) is a red cell-specific transcriptional activator that is crucial for consolidating the switch to high levels of adult beta-globin expression during erythroid ontogeny. eklf is required for integrity of the chromatin structure at the beta-like globin locus, and it interacts with a positive-acting factor in vivo. we find that eklf is an acetylated transcription factor, and that it interacts in vivo with cbp, p300, and p/caf. however, its interactions with these ...	1998	9707565
the a gamma-globin 3' element provides no unique function(s) for human beta-globin locus gene regulation.	the human beta-globin locus is activated transcriptionally by a complex series of events that culminate in appropriate temporal and tissue-specific control over five separate genes during embryonic and early postnatal development. one cis-regulatory element in the locus, originally identified as an enhancer 3' to the agamma-globin gene, more recently has been suggested to harbor alternative or additional properties, including stage-specific silencer, insulator, nuclear matrix, or chromosome scaf ...	1998	9707580
a mutated human homologue to yeast upf1 protein has a dominant-negative effect on the decay of nonsense-containing mrnas in mammalian cells.	all eukaryotic cells analyzed have developed mechanisms to eliminate the production of mrnas that prematurely terminate translation. the mechanisms are thought to exist to protect cells from the deleterious effects of in-frame nonsense codons that are generated by routine inefficiencies and inaccuracies in rna metabolism such as pre-mrna splicing. depending on the particular mrna and how it is produced, nonsense codons can mediate a reduction in mrna abundance either (i) before its release from ...	1998	9707591
the 5'-amp-activated protein kinase inhibits the transcriptional stimulation by glucose in liver cells, acting through the glucose response complex.	5-amino-4-imidazolecarboxamide riboside (aicar) is known to stimulate rat liver 5'-amp-activated protein kinase (ampk). ampk is the mammalian homologue of snf1p in yeast, involved in derepression of glucose-repressed genes. we used aicar to test if ampk could also play a role in the regulation of glucose-dependent genes in mammalian cells. at a concentration which induces phosphorylation-dependent inactivation of hmg-coa reductase, aicar blocked glucose activation of three glucose responsive gen ...	1998	9708898
electron shuttle between membrane-bound cytochrome p450 3a4 and b5 rules uncoupling mechanisms.	contradictory mechanisms involving conformational or redox effects have been proposed for the enhancement of cytochrome p450 activities by cytochrome b5 in reconstituted systems. these mechanisms were reinvestigated for human liver p450 3a4 bound to recombinant yeast membranes including human p450 reductase and various levels of human b5. species conversions were calculated on the basis of substrate, oxygen, and electronic balances in six different substrate conditions. electron flow from p450 r ...	1998	9708976
yeast coactivator mbf1 mediates gcn4-dependent transcriptional activation.	transcriptional coactivators play a crucial role in gene expression by communicating between regulatory factors and the basal transcription machinery. the coactivator multiprotein bridging factor 1 (mbf1) was originally identified as a bridging molecule that connects the drosophila nuclear receptor ftz-f1 and tata-binding protein (tbp). the mbf1 sequence is highly conserved across species from saccharomyces cerevisiae to human. here we provide evidence acquired in vitro and in vivo that yeast mb ...	1998	9710580
identification of a novel ring finger protein as a coregulator in steroid receptor-mediated gene transcription.	using the dna-binding domain of androgen receptor (ar) as a bait in a yeast two-hybrid screening, we have identified a small nuclear ring finger protein, termed snurf, that interacts with ar in a hormone-dependent fashion in both yeast and mammalian cells. physical interaction between ar and snurf was demonstrated by coimmunoprecipitation from cell extracts and by protein-protein affinity chromatography. rat snurf is a highly hydrophilic protein consisting of 194 amino acid residues and comprisi ...	1998	9710597
mutational analysis of human p-glycoprotein.		1998	9711576
a1 is a constitutive and inducible bcl-2 homologue in mature human neutrophils.	during the process of terminal differentiation toward mature neutrophils, the anti-apoptotic proteins bcl-2 and bcl-x become down-regulated and eventually cease to be expressed, whereas the death-promoting bcl-2 homologue, bax, persists. thus, the disappearance of anti-apoptotic homologues was thought to account for the early demise of mature neutrophils. however, although the survival of mature human neutrophils can be prolonged by a variety of factors, no anti-apoptotic bcl-2 homologues have p ...	1998	9712701
cdna cloning and functional analysis of p28 (nas6p) and p40.5 (nas7p), two novel regulatory subunits of the 26s proteasome.	we employed cdna cloning to deduce the complete primary structures of p28 and p40.5, two novel subunits of pa700 (also called 19s complex), a 700 kda multisubunit regulatory complex of the human 26s proteasome. these polypeptides consisted of 226 and 376 amino acids with calculated molecular masses of 24428 da and 42945 da, and isoelectric points of 5. 68 and 5.46, respectively. intriguingly, p28 contained five conserved motifs known as 'ankyrin repeats', implying that this subunit may contribut ...	1998	9714768
yac/sts map of 15mb of xp21.3-p11.3, at 100kb resolution, with refined comparisons of genetic distances and dmd structure.	the 15<hsp sp = "0.25">mb region between dxs997 and dxs8054 in xp21.3-p11.3 has been mapped at seven-fold average coverage in yeast artificial chromosomes (yacs) and 100 kb inter-sequence tagged site (sts) distance. yacs from six different collections show self-consistent maps. the stss include 18 (ca) repeat and one tetranucleotide repeat marker that detect polymorphism, as well as eight well-studied genes, a second site for mxs1 sequences, and three expressed sequence tags (ests). one of the e ...	1998	9714824
molecular characterization of a novel amplicon at 1q21-q22 frequently observed in human sarcomas.	in a recent comparative genomic hybridization (cgh) study of a panel of sarcomas, we detected recurrent amplification of 1q21-q22 in soft tissue and bone tumours. amplification of this region had not previously been associated with sarcoma development, but occasional amplification of cacy/s100a6 and muc1 in 1q21 had been reported for melanoma and breast carcinoma respectively. initial screening by southern blot analysis showed amplification of s100a6, flg and sprr3 in several sarcomas and, in a ...	1998	9716033
sterically stabilized phospholipids attenuate human neutrophils chemotaxis in vitro.	the purpose of this study was to determine whether sterically stabilized liposomes (ssl) and poly(ethylene glycol)-distearoylphosphatidylethanolamine (peg-dspe) attenuate polymorphonuclear neutrophils (pmns) chemotaxis in vitro and, if so, whether incorporation of vasoactive intestinal peptide (vip), a pleiotropic neuropeptide, on the surface of ssl amplifies ssl-induced responses. using a modified blind-well chamber chemotaxis assay, we found that n-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fmlp; ...	1998	9718098