Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| bacterial interspersed mosaic elements (bimes) are a major source of sequence polymorphism in escherichia coli intergenic regions including specific associations with a new insertion sequence. | a significant fraction of escherichia coli intergenic dna sequences is composed of two families of repeated bacterial interspersed mosaic elements (bime-1 and bime-2). in this study, we determined the sequence organization of six intergenic regions in 51 e. coli and shigella natural isolates. each region contains a bime in e. coli k-12. we found that multiple sequence variations are located within or near these bimes in the different bacteria. events included excisions of a whole bime-1, expansi ... | 1997 | 9055066 |
| ultrastructure of colony-like communities of bacteria. | colony-like communities are poorly studied forms of bacterial growth on agar. these communities are formed after the growth of large amounts of bacteria simultaneously plated onto a limited area of agar, while "classical" colonies are formed as a result of single bacterial cell multiplication. colony-like communities of gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria differ from "classical" microbial colonies in their ultrastructural organization. almost every cell in colony-like communities has an ind ... | 1997 | 9113071 |
| molecular epidemiology of multiply antibiotic-resistant shigella flexneri in fortaleza, brazil. | in northeastern brazil, strains of shigella flexneri resistant to multiple antibiotics are often found in patients in both urban areas and community hospitals. this study used pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge) and plasmid analysis to further analyze the molecular epidemiology of shigella flexneri strains isolated from hospitals and an urban community in fortaleza, brazil. twenty-six strains of s. flexneri from three distinct areas in the city of fortaleza, brazil, were examined: 14 strains ... | 1997 | 9114381 |
| acid stress responses in enterobacteria. | the enteric microogranisms salmonella, escherichia coli and shigella flexneri prefer to grow in neutral ph environments. they nevertheless experience dramatic ph fluctuations in nature and during pathogenesis. in response to environmental encounters with acid, these organisms have evolved complex, inducible acid survival strategies. regulatory features include an alternative factor (sigma s), 2- component signal transduction systems (phop/q; mvia/?) and the major iron regulatory protein fur. spe ... | 1997 | 9119190 |
| human monocyte-derived macrophages infected with virulent shigella flexneri in vitro undergo a rapid cytolytic event similar to oncosis but not apoptosis. | infection of human monocyte-derived macrophages in vitro with virulent shigella flexneri resulted in cell death which involved rupture of the plasma membrane, cell swelling, disintegration of ultrastructure, and generalized karyolysis. these features bore resemblance to oncosis and are in striking contrast to previously described observations of mouse macrophages, where a similar infection by virulent shigella resulted in cell death by apoptosis. cell death by oncosis in human macrophages was co ... | 1997 | 9119491 |
| exploring the basis of peptide-carbohydrate crossreactivity: evidence for discrimination by peptides between closely related anti-carbohydrate antibodies. | to investigate the molecular basis of antigenic mimicry by peptides, we studied a panel of closely related mabs directed against the cell-wall polysaccharide of group a streptococcus. these antibodies have restricted v-gene usage, indicating a shared mechanism of binding to a single epitope. epitope mapping studies using synthetic fragments of the cell-wall polysaccharide supported this conclusion. all of the mabs isolated crossreactive peptides from a panel of phage-displayed libraries, and com ... | 1997 | 9122216 |
| functional analysis of the shigella flexneri ipac invasin by insertional mutagenesis. | the ability of shigella to enter epithelial cells, to escape from the phagocytic vacuole, and to induce apoptosis in macrophages requires the ipab, ipac, and ipad proteins. an extracellular complex containing ipab and ipac can promote the uptake of inert particles by epithelial cells. to determine whether the function of ipac is to act as an extracellular chaperone for ipab in the ipa complex or as an effector of entry involved in a direct interaction with the cell surface, we have constructed e ... | 1997 | 9125536 |
| characterization and quantitative analysis of serum igg class and subclass response to shigella sonnei and shigella flexneri 2a lipopolysaccharide following natural shigella infection. | the igg subclass response to shigella sonnei and shigella flexneri 2a lipopolysaccharide (lps) was examined in subjects naturally exposed to these organisms. affinity-purified lps antibodies obtained using a column of shigella lps bound to epoxy-activated sepharose 6b were used as standards to calibrate the serum antibody response to natural shigella infection. the geometric mean concentrations of specific igg in sera from those not exposed to shigella organisms were 7.9 microg/ml against s. son ... | 1997 | 9129076 |
| epidemiology of shigellosis among children exposed to cases of shigella dysentery: a multivariate assessment. | we followed 1,756 young, rural bangladeshi children less than five years of age for one month after identification of sentinel shigella patients in their neighborhoods. two hundred nineteen (12%) children developed shigella diarrhea (shigellosis) and 227 (13%) developed culture-negative dysentery. shigella flexneri (60%) and s. dysenteriae, type 1 (15%) were the most common isolates among shigellosis cases. within individual neighborhoods, there was poor agreement (kappa = 0.21) between shigella ... | 1997 | 9129527 |
| antigen-dependent b cell differentiation in the synovial tissue of a patient with reactive arthritis. | reactive arthritis (rea) can develop as a consequence of a bacterial infection with organisms such as chlamydia trachomata, shigella flexneri, or yersinia enterocolitica. although the mechanism underlying the induction of a chronic synovitis is unknown, the expression of hla-b27 seems to play a crucial role in the etiology of the disease. bacterial antigens induce a humoral immune response, but little is know about the impact of b cells on the inflammatory processes developing in the synovial me ... | 1997 | 9131588 |
| a rapid sample preparation method for pcr detection of food pathogens based on buoyant density centrifugation. | the use of buoyant density centrifugation (bdc) to prepare samples for pcr analysis of food pathogens is described. blue cheese and milk homogenates were inoculated with shigella flexneri and layered on top of percoll media. after bdc, the food homogenates remained in the upper part of the centrifuge tube, separated from the bacteria, which retained viability and were concentrated below the lighter percoll layer. pcr inhibitors stayed in the homogenate and pcr analyses of treated samples consist ... | 1997 | 9134780 |
| sopa, the outer membrane protease responsible for polar localization of icsa in shigella flexneri. | the spreading ability of shigella flexneri, a facultative intracellular gram-negative bacterium, within the host-cell cytoplasm is the result of directional assembly and accumulation of actin filaments at one pole of the bacterium. icsa/virg, the 120 kda outer membrane protein that is required for intracellular motility, is located at the pole of the bacterium where actin polymerization occurs. bacteria growing in laboratory media and within infected cells release a certain proportion of the sur ... | 1997 | 9076742 |
| influence of different rol gene products on the chain length of shigella dysenteriae type 1 lipopolysaccharide o antigen expressed by shigella flexneri carrier strains. | introduction of the rol genes of shigella dysenteriae 1 and escherichia coli k-12 into shigella flexneri carrier strains expressing the heterologous s. dysenteriae type 1 lipopolysaccharide resulted in the formation of longer chains of s. dysenteriae 1 o antigen. in bacteria producing both homologous and heterologous o antigen, this resulted in a reduction of the masking of heterologous o antigen by homologous lipopolysaccharide and an increased immune response induced by intraperitoneal immuniz ... | 1997 | 9079931 |
| suicide plasmids containing promoterless reporter genes can simultaneously disrupt and create fusions to target genes of diverse bacteria. | we describe several plasmids that are designed to create fusions between chromosomal or plasmid-encoded genes and the lacz, phoa or gfp reporter genes. these plasmids all contain the vegetative origin of r6k, but lack the r6k pir gene, and therefore fail to replicate in strains lacking pir. fragments of target genes are introduced into these plasmids, and fusions are created in a single step as a consequence of (campbell-type) integration of the entire plasmid by homologous recombination. cloned ... | 1997 | 9099861 |
| [morphologic characterization of the contemporary dysentery caused by shigella flexneri 2a]. | there is a tendency in st. petersburg since 1990s to an increase of dysentery morbidity and lethality mainly caused by flexner shigella 2a. morphology of the disease in adults is given on the material of 286 necropsies in 1993-1994 in the s. p. botkin infectious hospital. males (mean age 50 years) and among them chronic alcoholics prevailed; females (mean age 70 years) were frequently with a grave cardiovascular pathology. advanced inflammation (fibrinous, ulcerative and hemorrhagic) of all colo ... | 1997 | 9139607 |
| shigella actin-based motility in the absence of vinculin. | reports on the role of vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein (vasp) and proline-rich sequences in actin-based motility of listeria and potentially of shigella flexneri have led to the suggestion that vinculin might be an essential docking protein on the surface o2 motile shigella. therefore, whether vinculin had a functional role in shigella actin-based motility was tested by examining shigella infection of the vinculin-deficient f9 cell line variant 5.51. shigella are able to form actin tails a ... | 1997 | 9142438 |
| antibacterial effect of the adhering human lactobacillus acidophilus strain lb. | the spent culture supernatant of the human lactobacillus acidophilus strain lb produces an antibacterial activity against a wide range of gram-negative and gram-positive pathogens. it decreased the in vitro viability of staphylococcus aureus, listeria monocytogenes, salmonella typhimurium, shigella flexneri, escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae, bacillus cereus, pseudomonas aeruginosa, and enterobacter spp. in contrast, it did not inhibit lactobacilli and bifidobacteria. the activity was heat ... | 1997 | 9145867 |
| characterization of the locus encoding the streptococcus pneumoniae type 19f capsular polysaccharide biosynthetic pathway. | we have previously reported the nucleotide sequence of the first six genes of the streptococcus pneumoniae type 19f capsular polysaccharide biosynthesis locus (cps19f). in this study we used plasmid insertion/rescue and inverse polymerase chain reaction (pcr) to clone an additional 10 kb downstream region containing the remainder of the cps19f locus, which was then subjected to sequence analysis. the cps19f locus is located in the s. pneumoniae chromosome between dexb and alia, and consists of 1 ... | 1997 | 9157246 |
| regulation of o-antigen chain length is required for shigella flexneri virulence. | it is shown that shigella flexneri maintains genetic control over the modal chain length of the o-antigen polysaccharide chains of its lipopolysaccharide (lps) molecules because such a distribution is required for virulence. the effect of altering o-antigen chain length on s. flexneri virulence was investigated by inserting a kanamycin (km)-resistance cassette into the rol gene (controlling the modal o-antigen chain length distribution), and into the rfbd gene, whose product is needed for synthe ... | 1997 | 9157247 |
| antibodies against bacterial lipopolysaccharides in japanese patients with ankylosing spondylitis. | we investigated igg, iga and igm class specific antibodies to five bacterial (klebsiella pneumoniae, escherichia coli, salmonella enteritidis, salmonella typhimurium and shigella flexneri) lipopolysaccharides (lps) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in 144 japanese patients with ankylosing spondylitis (as). as patients had significantly elevated iga antibodies to k. pneumoniae lps, salmonella enteritidis lps and salmonella typhimurium lps; however, there was no correlation between antibody lev ... | 1997 | 9159547 |
| construction and characterization of a live attenuated vaccine candidate against shigella dysenteriae type 1. | vaccine candidates against shigella dysenteriae type 1, which is associated with the most severe cases of bacillary dysentery, were constructed. the rfp and rfb gene clusters, which code for s. dysenteriae 1 o antigen biosynthesis, were randomly integrated into either the chromosome or the virulence plasmid of the rough attenuated shigella flexneri arod strain sfl124-27 with a minitransposon carrying an arsenite resistance selection marker. the recombinant clones efficiently expressed the recomb ... | 1997 | 9169740 |
| characterization of shigella type 1 fimbriae: expression, fima sequence, and phase variation. | this study documents the presence of type 1 fimbriae on shigella and confirms these mannose-sensitive adherence structures to be bona fide components of the shigella surface. while laboratory-passaged shigella strains and lyophilized clinical isolates failed to express type 1 fimbriae, 6 of 20 recent clinical isolates, including 4 shigella flexneri strains, 1 shigella boydii strain, and 1 shigella dysenteriae strain, produced type 1 fimbriae as detected by mannose-sensitive hemagglutination (msh ... | 1997 | 9169792 |
| plasmid maintenance functions of the large virulence plasmid of shigella flexneri. | the large virulence plasmid pmysh6000 of shigella flexneri contains a replicon and a plasmid maintenance stability determinant (stb) on adjacent sali fragments. the presence of a repfiia replicon on the sali c fragment was confirmed, and the complete sequence of the adjacent sali o fragment was determined. it shows homology to part of the transfer (tra) operon of the f plasmid. stb stabilizes a partition-defective p1 miniplasmid in escherichia coli. a 1.1-kb region containing a homolog of the f ... | 1997 | 9171415 |
| effect of shigella enterotoxin 1 (shet1) on rabbit intestine in vitro and in vivo. | shigella enterotoxin 1 is a novel enterotoxin elaborated by shigella flexneri 2a that causes fluid accumulation in rabbit ileal loops and a rise in short circuit current in ussing chambers. | 1997 | 9176079 |
| modulation of bacterial entry into epithelial cells by association between vinculin and the shigella ipaa invasin. | shigella flexneri is the causative agent of bacillary dysentery in humans. shigella invasion of epithelial cells is characterized by cytoskeletal rearrangements and formation of cellular projections engulfing the bacterium in a macropinocytic process. we show here that vinculin, a protein involved in linking actin filaments to the plasma membrane, is a direct target of shigella during cell invasion. ipaa, a shigella protein secreted upon cell contact, rapidly associates with vinculin during bact ... | 1997 | 9184218 |
| antibiotic resistance pattern of vibrio cholerae and shigella causing diarrhoea outbreaks in the eastern africa region: 1994-1996. | between march 1994 and december 1996, 1797 rectal swabs were transported to the amref laboratory from sites in six countries in the eastern africa region: 1749 were cultured for vibrio cholerae and 48 for shigella/salmonella. culture, isolation, identification and antibiotic susceptibility testing were performed using standardized techniques. the isolates were categorized as sensitive or resistant based on standardized zones of inhibition. the rate of isolation of v. cholerae from rectal swabs i ... | 1997 | 9185422 |
| enterohaemorrhagic escherichia coli in central african republic. | a dysentery outbreak in the central african republic village of zemio was diagnosed as "shigella flexneri" by the pasteur institute in bangui (ipb) in february 1996; 2 months later there was an outbreak of hemorrhagic colitis. 108 patients presented with bloody diarrhea; cramping abdominal pain, fever, nausea, and vomiting were uncommon. the illness lasted between 5 days and 3 weeks (average, 8 days). antibiotics were ineffective. four patients died and several developed hemolytic-uremic syn ... | 1997 | 9186391 |
| construction and characterization of genetically-marked bivalent anti-shigella dysenteriae 1 and anti-shigella flexneri y live vaccine candidates. | bivalent vaccine candidates were developed against shigella dysenteriae 1 and shigella flexneri, which are among the most frequent causative agents of shigellosis in developing countries. the rfp and rfb gene clusters, which code for s. dysenteriae serotype 1 o-antigen biosynthesis, were inserted into an arsenite resistance minitransposon and randomly integrated into the attenuated s. flexneri arod serotype y strain sfl124. nine recombinant clones that efficiently expressed both homologous and h ... | 1997 | 9188091 |
| structures of the reduced and mercury-bound forms of merp, the periplasmic protein from the bacterial mercury detoxification system. | bacteria carrying plasmids with the mer operon, which encodes the proteins responsible for the bacterial mercury detoxification system, have the ability to transport hg(ii) across the cell membrane into the cytoplasm where it is reduced to hg(0). this is significant because metallic mercury is relatively nontoxic and volatile and thus can be passively eliminated. the structures of the reduced and mercury-bound forms of merp, the periplasmic protein, which binds hg(ii) and transfers it to the mem ... | 1997 | 9188683 |
| effect of mutations in shigella flexneri chromosomal and plasmid-encoded lipopolysaccharide genes on invasion and serum resistance. | this study shows that both length and distribution of lipopolysaccharide (lps) are important for shigella flexneri invasion and virulence. mutants were generated in the chromosomal lps synthesis genes rfa, rfb, and rol, and in a plasmid-encoded o-antigen chain-length regulator, cld(phs-2). lps analysis showed that mutations in rfb genes and in a candidate rfal gene either eliminated the entire o-antigen side chains or produced chains of greatly reduced length. mutation in a previously unidentifi ... | 1997 | 9194705 |
| nested polymerase chain reaction strategy simultaneously targeting dna sequences of multiple bacterial species in inflammatory joint diseases. i. screening of synovial fluid samples of patients with spondyloarthropathies and other arthritides. | bacteria play a crucial pathogenetic role in lyme arthritis (la), reactive arthritis (rea), other forms of spondyloarthropathy (spa), and possibly in undifferentiated oligoarthritis (uoligo). polymerase chain reaction (pcr) technology has been applied to detect bacterial dna of individual microbes in synovial fluid (sf) of patients with arthritides. we screened for dna sequences of 8 bacterial species simultaneously in sf of patients with inflammatory joint disease. | 1997 | 9195515 |
| nested polymerase chain reaction strategy simultaneously targeting dna sequences of multiple bacterial species in inflammatory joint diseases. ii. examination of sacroiliac and knee joint biopsies of patients with spondyloarthropathies and other arthritides. | bacteria play a crucial pathogenetic role in reactive arthritis (rea) and other forms of spondyloarthropathy (spa) and in lyme arthritis. although there is evidence of local persistence of bacterial antigens no definitive method revealing microbes in peripheral joints has been established. we detected dna of individual bacteria in synovial material by pcr. applying molecular technology we screened simultaneously for 8 bacterial genomes in arthritis and sacroiliitis. | 1997 | 9195516 |
| identification of a chromosomal shigella flexneri multi-antibiotic resistance locus which shares sequence and organizational similarity with the resistance region of the plasmid nr1. | the ampicillin resistance gene from shigella flexneri 2a strain ysh6000 was cloned and shown by southern hybridization analysis to be closely linked to the previously cloned streptomycin, chloramphenicol, and tetracycline resistance determinants, which are borne on a chromosomally integrated 99-kb element. analysis of this chromosomal multi-antibiotic resistance locus revealed that it had a high level of sequence and organizational similarity to an equivalent region of the shigella r-plasmid, nr ... | 1997 | 9200219 |
| clinical isolates of shigella species induce apoptosis in macrophages. | shigella species are invasive enterobacteria that cause dysentery, a severe form of diarrhea. the ability to invade epithelial cells and to kill macrophages is essential for virulence in a prototype shigella flexneri strain. it is shown here that clinical isolates of both s. flexneri and shigella sonnei invade epithelial cells and are cytotoxic to macrophages in vitro. furthermore, clinical shigella strains kill macrophages by inducing apoptosis. the conservation of the ability to induce macroph ... | 1997 | 9203676 |
| identification of a fourth gene involved in dtdp-rhamnose synthesis in streptococcus mutans. | we had isolated three genes (rmla, rmlb, and rmlc) involved in dtdp-rhamnose synthesis in streptococcus mutans and found that three genes were insufficient for dtdp-rhamnose synthesis (y. tsukioka, y. yamashita, t. oho, y. nakano, and t. koga, j. bacteriol. 179:1126-1134, 1997). the rmld gene of s. mutans, encoding the enzyme which catalyzes the last step of dtdp-rhamnose synthesis, has been cloned and sequenced. the cell extract of escherichia coli expressing the rmld gene of s. mutans exhibite ... | 1997 | 9209063 |
| the human lactobacillus acidophilus strain la1 secretes a nonbacteriocin antibacterial substance(s) active in vitro and in vivo. | the adhering human lactobacillus acidophilus strain la1 inhibits the cell association and cell invasion of enteropathogens in cultured human intestinal caco-2 cells (m. f. bernet, d. brassard, j. r. neeser, and a. l. servin, gut 35:483-489, 1994). here, we demonstrate that strain la1 developed its antibacterial activity in conventional or germ-free mouse models orally infected by salmonella typhimurium. we present evidence that the spent culture supernatant of strain la1 (la1-scs) contained anti ... | 1997 | 9212421 |
| [methodological approaches to the study and prevention of shigellosis among the troops]. | in article the methodical approaches to study of regularity of occurrence and distribution of shigellosis are revealed from positions of the theory of etiologic selectivity of main ways of transfers, its unequivalentness at the various nosologic forms of dysentery. a complex of antiepidemiologic measures under conditions of means of prophylaxis is proved. on the basis of analysis of etiologic structure of shigellosis a main problem of the armed forces, causing dysentery is designated. | 1997 | 9221595 |
| [shigellosis in moscow: new trends in the epidemiological process and their social determinants]. | in moscow for a long time morbidity in acute enteric infections, and in shigella infections as their main constituent, steadily decreased. in recent years the opposite tendency was noted: a rise in morbidity. a pronounced tendency for shigella infections, especially flexner's dysentery, to affect older ages was observed. new risk groups, including adults busy in "shuttle" commerce and different asocial elements, appeared. the number of lethal cases considerably increased. unusual manifestations ... | 1997 | 9221653 |
| shigella septicaemia in an infant. | 1997 | 9230585 | |
| to sting or be stung: bacteria-induced apoptosis. | 1997 | 9234503 | |
| further search for virulence factors encoded by salmonella serovar-specific plasmids. | the so called salmonella virulence plasmids which are specifically prevalent among some of the s. enterica serovars were shown to contribute only marginally to the virulence make-up of salmonella, which is in contrast to shigella and yersinia spp. the experiments reported in this paper failed to find encoded plasmid factors which contribute to serum resistance, surface antigens, immunoinsufficiency or to up-regulation of chromosomally encoded factors such as toxins, surface antigens etc. taking ... | 1997 | 9241803 |
| mechanism of antigenic variation in shigella flexneri bacilli. iv. role of lipopolysaccharides and their components in the sensitivity of shigella flexneri 1b and its lac+ recombinant to killing action of serum. | the effect of lipopolysaccharides (lps) on the normal bovine serum (nbs) bactericidal reactions against mixture of s. flexneri 6713 1b strain and its 3b lac+ recombinant were investigated. the serum killing of s. flexneri strains was inhibited, in different degree, by lps extracted from either organisms. these properties were mainly due to lps molecules; the lipid a fraction showed only low anticomplement activity, the polysaccharide fraction inhibited the killing activity of nbs in very low deg ... | 1997 | 9597093 |
| [scanning electronic microscopy of the small intestine in persistent diarrhea]. | persistent diarrhea very often leads children to malnutrition. it has become the major cause of death resulting from acute diarrhea episodes in developing countries. in order to determine the ultrastructural alterations of the small bowel that occur in the syndrome, 16 infants with severe persistent diarrhea were studied, utilizing light microscopy and the scanning electron microscope. stool and jejunal fluid samples were collected for culture, rotavirus, ova and parasite search. enteropathogeni ... | 1997 | 9496427 |
| phylogenetic analysis and identification of shigella spp. by molecular probes. | oligonucleotide probes were used for identification of shigella and analysis of the relationship between shigella spp. and escherichia coli. probe-based pcrs shown cross-reactions from shigella to e. coli. probe-based 16s rrna sequencing and phylogenetic analysis showed the four species of shigella: sh. dysenteriae, sh. boydii, sh. sonnei, and sh. flexneri, formed a cluster with e. coli. shigella flexneri and sh. sonnei are even more similar to e. coli than to the other two shigella species. the ... | 1997 | 9500811 |
| [treatment of severe dysentery]. | the paper presents analysis of clinical efficacy of etiotropic drugs in severe flexner's dysentery chosen by sensitivity of the causing agent, schemes of antibacterial drugs of choice in the treatment of this disease, principles of detoxication therapy. use of bacterial biological drugs in combined treatment of dysentery is validated. | 1997 | 9490365 |
| [differences in the cellular surface of hybrid escherichia coli k12 bacteria inheriting the rfb a3,4 gene of shigella flexneri detected using atomic-force microscopy]. | the cell surface of e. coli initial parent strain k12 j62 his-, chemotype ra, and e. coli transductant strain k12 j62 his+, acquiring the capacity for synthesizing primary s-specific side chains of the lipopolysaccharide of s. flexneri o-antigen (group-specific factor 3,4), was studied by the method of atomic force microscopy. the comparative analysis of the images of the genetically linked pair of e.coli strains k12 j62 revealed the presence of essential differences in the topography of the sur ... | 1997 | 9460857 |
| [the clinico-pathogenetic significance of the outer membrane proteins determined by the invasiveness plasmid in flexner's shigellosis]. | s. flexneri 2a outer membrane proteins of 38, 43, 62 and 78 kd, determined by the 140 md invasiveness plasmid, serving as antigens and specific rabbit sera serving as antibodies were used for diagnosing s. flexneri infection in the enzyme immunoassay. the examination of 96 patients and 20 healthy donors showed the possibility of the detection of s. flexneri 2a protein invasins and antibodies to them at different periods of the disease. during the severe course of shigellosis a higher level of pr ... | 1997 | 9460875 |
| [toxic food infection caused by shigella flexneri in a military unit]. | food borne disease outbreaks have increased in france, but outbreaks caused by shigella are rare, accounting for only 73 cases (1.62%) in 1993. we report a food borne outbreak of shigella flexneri strain 3 infection in a fire fighting unit in paris between july 13th and 17th 1995. forty of the 127 firemen suffered symptoms including acute diarrhea (80%), fever (50%) and blood and mucus in stools (1 case, 2.5%). epidemiological investigation generated an unimodal epidemic curve suggesting a singl ... | 1997 | 9480034 |
| rfah and the ops element, components of a novel system controlling bacterial transcription elongation. | the rfah protein controls the transcription of a specialized group of escherichia coli and salmonella operons that direct the synthesis, assembly and export of the lipopolysaccharide core, exopolysaccharide, f conjugation pilus and haemolysin toxin. rfah is a specific regulator of transcript elongation; its loss increases transcription polarity in these operons without affecting initiation from the operon promoters. the operons of the rfah-dependent regulon contain a short conserved 5' sequence, ... | 1997 | 9426123 |
| mechanism of bacteriophage sfii-mediated serotype conversion in shigella flexneri. | we have isolated the lysogenic bacteriophage sfii, which mediates glucosylation of shigella flexneri o-antigen, resulting in expression of the type ii antigen. sfii belongs to group a of the bradley classification and has a genome size of 42.3kb. dna sequencing of a 4 kb bamhi subclone identified four open reading frames (orfs), of which only two were found to be necessary for serotype conversion. these genes were named bgt, which encodes a putative bactoprenol glucosyl transferase, and gtrii, e ... | 1997 | 9426131 |
| [the gas trophicity of pathogenic bacteria]. | yersinia pseudotuberculosis and listeria have been shown to be capable of assimilating carbon dioxide from the air and using its carbon for the synthesis of biopolymers of the bacterial cell. these microorganisms, the causative agents of saprozoonotic infections, have also been found to be capable of assimilating molecular nitrogen from the air in small amounts. the data on the influence of the growth conditions of the cultures (hydrogen concentration, the presence of carbon dioxide and oxygen, ... | 1997 | 9432851 |
| lack of reactivation of shigellosis in naturally infected enrofloxacin-treated cynomolgus monkeys after exogenous immunosuppression. | four cynomolgus macaques housed at our facility became acutely ill with dysenteric symptoms. enteric isolates established an etiologic diagnosis of shigella flexneri. enrofloxacin antimicrobial therapy cleared the infection with no perceptible bacterial shedding or clinical signs of disease. high-dose methyl-prednisolone therapy was administered to the four monkeys for 5 weeks. the animals were monitored for signs of shigellosis and bacterial shedding weekly throughout the study, for a total of ... | 1997 | 9433696 |
| identification and molecular characterization of a 27 kda shigella flexneri invasion plasmid antigen, ipaj. | shigella species and enteroinvasive escherichia coli contain a core set of virulence genes whose coordinated expression results in the invasion of host colonic epithelial cells and the dysenteric syndrome. a number of virulence determinants are carried by the 230 kb invasion plasmid found in all virulent strains of shigellae. many of these invasion plasmid genes encode immunogens that are recognized by convalescent serum, including proteins that mediate the invasion (ipab, ipac, ipad) and cell s ... | 1997 | 9441862 |
| characterization of serum antibody response to chlamydiae in patients with sexually acquired reactive arthritis. | sera from patients with sexually acquired reactive arthritis (sara) with antibodies reacting with c. trachomatis and c. pneumoniae (group 1; n = 20) and also with c. psittaci (group 2; n = 19) were analyzed for antibody specificity. sera from group 2 reacted significantly more often with c. trachomatis serotype e, h and k and had higher antibody titers to serotype e, as tested by microimmunofluorescence tests. cross-reactivities occurring in microimmunofluorescence tests were related to the pres ... | 1997 | 9453389 |
| [studies on bacillary dysentery cases of overseas travellers--during 1979 to 1995]. | a total of 36,780,440 overseas travellers during 1979-1995 (17 years) were quarantined at osaka and kansai airport quarantine station, 84,777 travellers reported themselves suffer from diarrhoea. stools from 29,587 persons were bacteriologically examined. various enteropathogenic bacteria were isolated from 9,766 (33.0%) patients of the stools examined. isolated species were as follows: plesiomonas shigelloides (3,234 cases); salmonella spp. (2,236 cases); enterotoxgenic escherichia coli (1,621 ... | 1997 | 9391324 |
| models of invasion of enteric and periodontal pathogens into epithelial cells: a comparative analysis. | bacterial invasion of epithelial cells is associated with the initiation of infection by many bacteria. to carry out this action, bacteria have developed remarkable processes and mechanisms that co-opt host cell function and stimulate their own uptake and adaptation to the environment of the host cell. two general types of invasion processes have been observed. in one type, the pathogens (e.g., salmonella and yersinia spp.) remain in the vacuole in which they are internalized and replicate withi ... | 1997 | 9391752 |
| the interleukin 1beta-converting enzyme, caspase 1, is activated during shigella flexneri-induced apoptosis in human monocyte-derived macrophages. | shigella, the etiological agent of bacillary dysentery, rapidly kills human monocyte-derived macrophages in vitro. wild-type shigella flexneri, but not a nonvirulent derivative, induced human macrophage apoptosis as determined by morphology and terminal deoxynucleotidyltransferase-mediated dutp-biotin nick end labeling (tunel). shigella-mediated macrophage cell death was blocked by the peptide inhibitors of caspases, acetyl-tyr-val-ala-asp-aldehyde (acetyl-yvad-cho) and acetyl-tyr-val-ala-asp-ch ... | 1997 | 9393811 |
| microbiological screening of indian medicinal plants with special reference to enteropathogens. | the world health organisation (who) has recommended that all member states actively promote native medicines in their country. ten indian medicinal plants were screened for antibacterial activity specific to enteropathogens. diffusion and dilution methods were used to measure the antibacterial activity. allium sativum, camellia sinensis, and chamaesyce hirta showed higher activity when compared to the rest. they had a minimum bactericidal concentration (mbc) of < 100 micrograms/ml and gave inhib ... | 1997 | 9395690 |
| the finm promoter and the tram promoter are the principal promoters of the tram gene of the antibiotic resistance plasmid r100. | finp multicopy repression and traj multicopy derepression indicate that the ratio of sense to antisense transcripts is important in the regulation of r100 conjugation. the extension of r100 tram transcripts into traj shows that promoters in tram can affect this ratio, making the regulation of tram transcription important in the regulation of r100 conjugation. since r100 tram, tray and tral proteins bind to the tram promoter region, we examined tram transcription in r100-1 tram, tray and tral mut ... | 1997 | 9402017 |
| [epidemiological characteristics of outbreaks of diarrhea and food poisoning in the israel defense forces in the years 1978-1995]. | acute infectious diseases of the gastrointestinal tract and food poisoning are problems of great importance in the israel defense forces (idf). they involve individual and epidemic morbidity, with impairment of health of individual soldiers and in the activities of units. outbreaks of gastrointestinal infectious diseases must be reported to the idf army health branch, which conducts epidemiological investigation. this study is based on data from yearly epidemiological reports for 1978-1989, and ... | 1997 | 9418352 |
| survival and detection of shigella flexneri in vegetables and commercially prepared salads. | the normal bacterial microflora of 4 commercially prepared salads (coleslaw, crab salad, carrot salad, and potato salad) and 3 vegetables (green pepper, onion, and cabbage) were evaluated. twenty-eight species of bacteria, including potential pathogens, were isolated. the foods were artificially inoculated with an avirulent mutant strain of shigella flexneri 5 (phs1059) to develop a method for the rapid detection of shigella spp. bacteria were separated from insoluble and particulate salad ingre ... | 1997 | 9419858 |
| [the adaptation of therapeutic standards as a function of antibiotic sensitivity of strains of shigella spp. isolated in rwanda in 1997]. | 1997 | 9612786 | |
| macrophage apoptosis in microbial infections. | upon infection with a pathogen, eukaryotic cells can undergo programmed cell death as an ultimate response. therefore, modulation of apoptosis is often a prerequisite to establish a host-pathogen relationship. some pathogens kill macrophages by inducing apoptosis and thus overcome the microbicidal arsenal of the phagocyte. apoptotic macrophages, on the other hand, can elicit an inflammation by secretion of proinflammatory cytokines. shigella flexneri, the aetiological agent of bacillary dysenter ... | 1997 | 9571693 |
| the escherichia coli k-12 shea gene encodes a 34-kda secreted haemolysin. | haemolytic toxins belong to one of several classes of virulence factors that contribute to bacterial pathogenicity. the non-pathogenic escherichia coli k-12 laboratory strain was considered for years to be non-haemolytic. however, overproduction of several transcriptional regulators induced the appearance of a haemolytic activity that is absent under usual laboratory growth conditions. in this work, we have cloned and characterized an e. coli k-12 gene, shea, whose overexpression results in a ha ... | 1997 | 11902713 |
| campylobacter jejuni as a cause of diarrhoea. | this study was carried out to isolate and identify campylobacter jejuni from stool samples of patients suffering from diarrhoea. the study spanned a two-year period and c. jejuni was isolated in 10 (4.5%) out of 220 patients of diarrhoea] disorders. in samples of stool collected from 50 healthy individuals, c. jejuni was isolated in one (2%) case. further, to isolate other enteropathogens alongwith c. jejuni, procedures were undertaken simultaneously to identify salmonella, shigella and vibrio c ... | 1997 | 28769509 |
| antibacterial acivity of the essential oil of lippie nodiflora. | the plant lippia nodiflora (family-verbenaceae) has medicinal properties and particularly used as an antidandruff agent. the essential oil of the plant was tested for its antibacterial activity against both gram positive and gram negative bacteria. it showed good activity and compared with standard neomycin sulphate. however, it was inactive in the case of shigella flexneri. | 1996 | 22556775 |
| plasmid profile analysis and restriction enzyme analysis in characterizing shigella flexneri isolates from an outbreak. | shigella flexneri strains which are multiply resistant to antimicrobial agents were isolated from 11 children from an orphanage in cluj-napoca during an epidemiological investigation initiated by the department of epidemiology. plasmid profile analysis and restriction endonuclease analysis were used in conjunction with biotyping, serotyping and antimicrobial susceptibility testing for identifying epidemiological related isolates. all strains were serotype 2a and with one exception all of them sh ... | 1996 | 9558965 |
| development of resistance in shigella flexneri isolates obtained in the past 20 years in eastern romania. | our study is focused on the antimicrobial activity for a number of 626 shigella flexneri strains collected from epidemic outbreaks and hospitalised patients during 1976-1995 period, in eastern romania. the metodology used for determining the in vitro activity of the antimicrobials was that described by nccls. the agents which are currently used in therapy (ampicillin, tetracycline, chloramphenicol) are less active than the newer drugs (third generation cephalosporins, aztreonam, imipenem, ciprof ... | 1996 | 9256026 |
| [cases of gastroenteritis associated to vibrio cholerae no 01 in oran, salta]. | forty-one sporadic cases of non-o group 1 vibrio cholerae gastroenteritis were detected in orán, salta, between february 1992 and february 1995. the frequency of isolation was 0.9% of the diarrhea cases. out of 41 patients, 21 (51.2%) were older than 15 years and 25 (60.9%) were male. all the patients had diarrhea, 24 (58.5%) had watery stools and 6 (14.6%) cholera-like diarrhea; 10 (24.4%) presented vomiting and 12 (29%) mild dehydration. six malnourished children who suffered from diarrhea wit ... | 1996 | 9102658 |
| [the biological characteristics of shigella flexneri strains circulating in saint petersburg in 1992-1994]. | s.flexneri 2a strains isolated in 1992-1994 from 371 patients in sporadic cases, from 90 patients and their contacts in cases of group diseases and from 71 lethal cases of flexner's dysentery, were studied in comparison with strains isolated in 1980s. the study revealed the biological heterogeneity of s.flexneri 2a strains. the circulation of 3 enzymatic variants and 11 variants differing in their sensitivity to colicins from frederick's collection was established. the overwhelming majority of s ... | 1996 | 9103073 |
| identification of a shigella flexneri crir gene increasing ipa genes expression: a novel member of response regulators of the two-component signal transduction family. | a genetic locus named cri, which enhanced the expression of ipa genes, was cloned into escherichia coli k-12 from shigella flexneri 1b chromosomal dna. subcloning and tn5-tc1 transposon experiments showed that cri locus was located on a 2.6-kb hindiii fragment. nucleotide sequence analysis of the region revealed at least three open reading frames (orf), one of which, named crir, encoded a protein of 226 amino-acid residues and transcriptionally increased the ipab expression. the deduced regulato ... | 1996 | 9095416 |
| [rhabdomyolysis during shigella flexneri shigellosis]. | 1996 | 9139203 | |
| [the enterosorption treatment of patients with acute intestinal infections and chronic colitis with diarrhea]. | a total of 234 patients with acute intestinal infections (aii) and chronic colitis presenting with diarrhoea were examined. in an acute phase of aii induced by conditionally pathogenic flora, salmonellae and shigellae, as well as in exacerbation of chronic colitis, blood aggregability appears to be on the increase, with the ability of erythrocytes to deformation getting worse. in rectal mucosa hemodynamic disorders are common, manifested by decrease in pulse blood filling, rate of bloodflow pred ... | 1996 | 9072235 |
| [bacterial antigenic structure of shigella flexneri serotype 1b and its 3b serotype mutant and susceptibility to bacterial action of complement in normal bovine serum]. | the susceptibility of s. flexneri 1b and 3b strains to killing action of serum was investigated. differences in sensitivity to bactericidal action of complement appeared to result from different structure of their lps-es. the protective effect of lps-es depends both on their origin and concentration. | 1996 | 9072769 |
| [the pathogenetic and clinico-diagnostic significance of changes in leukocyte migration activity in patients with shigellosis and salmonellosis]. | the peripheral blood leukocyte migration activity (lma) was studied in 134 acute dysentery patients and 129 salmonellosis patients by using the in vitro screening assay of cell migration (sacm) from microcultures, stimulated with lps antigens from a number of enteric pathogens. at the acute period of the disease (days 1-5) in the greater part of the patients (80-90%) the specific acceleration of lma, later followed by its inhibition, was registered in the presence of the pronounced intoxication ... | 1996 | 9027172 |
| [the epidemiological characteristics of sonne and flexner dysentery in st. petersburg in 1953-1994]. | in connection with the growth of mortality in flexner's dysentery observed since 1991 and a rise in morbidity in this infection since 1993 the data on the registered cases of shigella flexneri and shigella sonnei infections in st. petersburg for the period of 1953-1994 were analyzed. in the 60-80s the specific features of the epidemic process was determined by s. sonnei infection which constituted up to 90% of all documented cases of dysentery. flexner's dysentery lost the character of a mass ep ... | 1996 | 9027176 |
| changing patterns of the prevalence of different shigella species and their antibiotic susceptibilities in ankara, turkey. | shigella flexneri was the most common shigella serogroup isolated in turkey. recently, an increase in the number of shigella sonnei isolates was noticed. a retrospective analysis of 2,710 isolates, obtained from stools of turkish children between january 1980 and september 1994, revealed that, between 1980 and 1987, s. flexneri was the most common subgroup. the isolation rate of s. sonneri increased steadily from 1987 to 1994 reaching to a peak of 78% of all isolates in 1991. the antibiotic susc ... | 1996 | 9019012 |
| [high percentage of antibiotic resistance in shigella infections in children in curaçao]. | to evaluate antimicrobial treatment and resistance in clinical childhood shigellosis. | 1996 | 9005333 |
| [treatment of flexner's dysentery with ofloxacin]. | twenty four patients with dysentery due to shigella flexneri2a and 1 patient with mixed infection (acute dysentery due to sh.flexneri 2a+group b salmonellosis) were treated with ofloxacin. the patients were divided into 4 groups. in group i ofloxacin was administered intravenously in a dose of 200 mg twice a day followed by its oral use in the form of tablets in a dose of 200 mg twice a day for 5 to 6 days. in group ii ofloxacin was used orally in the form of tablets in a dose of 200 mg once a d ... | 1996 | 9005798 |
| characterization of the stable maintenance of the shigella flexneri plasmid phs-2. | phs-2 is a 3-kb plasmid originally isolated from shigella flexneri infections associated with reactive arthritis in humans. this plasmid is stably maintained in many clinical isolates of shigella flexneri. the nucleotide sequence of this plasmid displays two closely linked regions that may play a role in the maintenance of this plasmid. one region consists of a 250-bp locus showing a significant homology to the cole1 cer site. the results indicate that the cer-like site of phs-2, like the cole1 ... | 1996 | 9007013 |
| induction of tumor necrosis factor and nitric oxide by shigella strains isolated from patients with or without neurologic manifestations. | the pathogenesis of the shigella-associated neurological symptoms is unclear. we examined the potential role of host factors. sonicates of shigella strains isolated from children with and without neurologic disturbances were compared regarding their ability to induce tumor necrosis factor (tnf) and nitric oxide (no) in vitro, in mouse macrophage j744 cell line. the mean concentrations of tnf (14.6 vs. 4.4 ng/ml) and no (7.4 vs. 3.7 microm) induced were higher in response to strains isolated from ... | 1996 | 9007170 |
| presence of stra-strb gene within a streptomycin-resistance operon in a clinical isolate of shigella flexneri. | three aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes (ames) were produced by a clinical isolate of shigella flexneri which was resistant to gentamicin, tobramycin, netilmicin, kanamycin, sisomicin and streptomycin: acetyltransferase (aac) (3)-ii-type, and phosphotransferase (aph) (3")- and (6)-type enzymes. the aminoglycoside-resistance genes were located on a 75-kb plasmid. two genes, stra-hk and strb-hk, in a transcriptional unit were found to code for streptomycin-resistance. the genetic organization and s ... | 1996 | 9007957 |
| screening of in vitro antibacterial activity from syzygium guineense (willd) hydrosoluble dry extract. | diarrhoea is one of the most important causes of infant mortality in the world. as modern drugs are expensive or unavailable in developing countries, many people use traditional medicines in africa for the treatment of several diseases. in our study, we investigated the antibacterial activity of syzygium guineense extract in order to assess its activity on some bacterial strains involved in diarrhoeal diseases and to justify its use. the aqueous dry extract was prepared by decoction followed by ... | 1996 | 9008903 |
| examination of coumarins, flavonoids and polysaccharopeptide for antibacterial activity. | 1. coumarins, flavonoids and polysaccharopeptide were tested for antibacterial activity. 2. the bacteria used for this study included clinical isolates of staphylococcus aureus, shigella flexneri, salmonella typhi, escherichia coli and pseudomonas aeruginosa. 3. most of the coumarins tested failed to inhibit the bacteria at 25 mg/l. edultin at 128 mg/l inhibited 4 of the 8 p. aeruginosa strains and 1 of the s. aureus strains tested. o-acetylcolumbianetin and imperatorin did not inhibit any isola ... | 1996 | 8981074 |
| variation in salmonella core lipopolysaccharide as detected by the monoclonal antibody m105. | the lipopolysaccharide antigenicity of 22 salmonella strains (representing nine serogroups) and four non-salmonellae enterobacteriaceae to the salmonella genus specific monoclonal antibody m105 was analysed. the monoclonal antibody m105 reacted with all 22 salmonella strains. probing sds-page separated lps molecules with mab m105 revealed that the antibody reacted with the core region of all salmonella serovars. however, no reaction was obtained to the long-chain lps of serovars o (salm. adelaid ... | 1996 | 8987449 |
| construction of a stable and non-resistant bivalent vaccine candidate strain against shigella flexneri 2a and shigella sonnei. | the e. coli cs3 gene coding for cfa/ii antigen was site-specifically integrated into the asd gene locus of s. flexneri 2a vaccine strain t32, resulting in the inactivation of the asd gene. meanwhile, the gene cluster for s. sonnei o antigen was cloned into a non-resistant expression vector pxl378 to construct the plasmid pxl390. by transforming the asd-mutant of the t32 strain with pxl390, the bivalent vaccine candidate strain fs01 against s. flexneri 2a and s. sonnei was finally obtained. exper ... | 1996 | 8988355 |
| antibody response of monkeys to invasion plasmid antigen d after infection with shigella spp. | the antigen preparation most often used for determining the levels of antibodies to virulence-associated proteins of shigella spp. consists of a mixture of proteins (including ipab, ipac, ipad, and virg*) extracted from virulent shigellae with water (water extract). to overcome the lack of specificity for individual antigens in the water-extract enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa), the ipad gene from s. flexneri has been cloned, expressed to a high level, and purified for use in a new elis ... | 1996 | 8991646 |
| semiquantitative estimation of shigella antigen-specific antibodies: correlation with disease severity during shigellosis. | systemic and mucosal antibody responses during shigellosis were analysed and correlated with clinical severity. patients infected with shigella dysenteriae type 1 (sdip), and s. flexneri (sfip) were grouped according to disease severity. the disease was more severe in sdip than in sfip. higher levels of shigella antigen-specific serum antibodies were associated with severe disease. in contrast, decreased serum levels of igg, igm and total protein were associated with severe disease. faecal level ... | 1996 | 8920810 |
| safety and immunogenicity of investigational shigella conjugate vaccines in israeli volunteers. | the safety and immunogenicity of investigational conjugates, composed of the o-specific polysaccharides of shigella sonnei and shigella flexneri type 2a covalently bound to pseudomonas aeruginosa recombinant exoprotein a (repa), were evaluated in 192 israeli soldiers. none had significant local reactions or fever. fourteen days after injection, 90% of s. sonnei-repa recipients and 73 to 77% of s. flexneri-repa recipients had a fourfold or greater increase in serum immunoglobulin g (igg) and iga ... | 1996 | 8926071 |
| soluble invasion plasmid antigen c (ipac) from shigella flexneri elicits epithelial cell responses related to pathogen invasion. | shigella flexneri invades colonic epithelial cells by pathogen-induced phagocytosis. the three proposed effectors of s. flexneri internalization are invasion plasmid antigens b (ipab), ipac, and ipad, which are encoded on the pathogen's 230-kb virulence plasmid and translocated to the extracellular milieu via the mxi-spa translocon. to date, there are no definitive functional data for any purified ipa protein. here, we describe the first characterization of highly purified recombinant ipac, whic ... | 1996 | 8926086 |
| characterization of espc, a 110-kilodalton protein secreted by enteropathogenic escherichia coli which is homologous to members of the immunoglobulin a protease-like family of secreted proteins. | enteropathogenic escherichia coli (epec) secretes at least five proteins. two of these proteins, espa and espb (previously called eaeb), activate signal transduction pathways in host epithelial cells. while the role of the other three proteins (39, 40, and 110 kda) remains undetermined, secretion of all five proteins is under the control of pera, a known positive regulator of several epec virulence factors. on the basis of amino-terminal protein sequence data, we cloned and sequenced the gene wh ... | 1996 | 8932311 |
| in vivo apoptosis in shigella flexneri infections. | shigella flexneri, an etiological agent of bacillary dysentery, causes apoptosis in vitro. here we show that it also induces apoptosis in vivo. we were able to quantify the number of apoptotic cells in rabbit peyer's patches infected with s. flexneri by detecting cells with fragmented dna. infection with virulent s. flexneri results in massive numbers of apoptotic cells within the lymphoid follicles. in contrast, neither an avirulent strain nor an avirulent strain capable of colonizing peyer's p ... | 1996 | 8945588 |
| [expression of s.sonnei form i antigen gene and v.cholerae toxin b subunit gene in s.flexneri 2a strain and investigation of their immunoprotective response in mice]. | the genes encoding s. sonnei form i o antigen and v. cholerae b subunit were cloned into an expression vector containing asd gene of streptococcus mutans by gene recombination. the final recombination plasmid was transformed into the asd mutant of s. flexneri 2a (strain t32). analysis of lps silver staining and western blotting indicated that the genes encoding ct-b and form i o antigen could stably express in the asd mutant t32 strain. immune protection tests in mice showed that the recombinant ... | 1996 | 8950856 |
| [fulminant encephalopathy due to shigella flexneri]. | in some rare cases, shigella flexneri infection may be associated with fulminating encephatopathy. | 1996 | 8952794 |
| serological characterisation of anti-endotoxin sera directed against the conjugates of oligosaccharide core of escherichia coli type r1, r2, r3, j5 and salmonella ra with tetanus toxoid. | the covalent conjugates of oligosaccharide core: escherichia coli type r1, r2, r3, j5 and salmonella ra with tetanus toxoid have been prepared using reaction of reductive amination. the neoglycoconjugates were good immunogens in rabbits yielding a high level of anti-lipopolysaccharide antibodies of igg class. the antibodies were used to examine the possibility of their reactions with smooth lipopolysaccharides. we have found that all antisera were able to react with the lipopolysaccharide molecu ... | 1996 | 8954349 |
| cloning, expression, and affinity purification of recombinant shigella flexneri invasion plasmid antigens ipab and ipac. | shigella flexneri and related enteropathogenic bacteria are important agents of bacillary dysentery, a potentially life-threatening illness for children in underdeveloped regions of the world. onset of shigellosis stems from s. flexneri invasion of colonic epithelial cells, leading to localized cell death and inflammation. invasion plasmid antigens (ipa) b, c, and d are three secreted proteins encoded by the large virulence plasmid of s. flexneri that have been implicated as essential effectors ... | 1996 | 8954886 |
| apoptosis as a trigger of inflammation in shigella-induced cell death. | 1996 | 8968510 | |
| a pathogen-specific epitope inserted into recombinant secretory immunoglobulin a is immunogenic by the oral route. | oral administration of rabbit secretory iga (siga) to adult balb/c mice induced iga+, igm+, and igg+ lymphoblasts in the peyer's patches, whose fusion with myeloma cells resulted in hybridomas producing iga, igm, and igg1 antibodies to the secretory component (sc). this suggests that sc could serve as a vector to target protective epitopes into mucosal lymphoid tissue and elicit an immune response. we tested this concept by inserting a shigella flexneri invasin b epitope into sc, which, followin ... | 1996 | 8969237 |
| lack of cleavage of icsa in shigella flexneri causes aberrant movement and allows demonstration of a cross-reactive eukaryotic protein. | once in the cytoplasm of mammalian cells, shigella flexneri expresses a motile phenotype caused by polar directional assembly of actin. this process depends on accumulation of icsa (virg), a 120-kda protein with atpase activity, at the pole of the bacterium opposite to that at which ongoing septation occurs. icsa is also secreted into the bacterial supernatant as a 95-kda species, after cleavage at an ssrrass sequence which, when mutagenized, blocks processing. mabf15, an anti-icsa monoclonal an ... | 1996 | 8550200 |
| expression of reca in deinococcus radiodurans. | deinococcus (formerly micrococcus) radiodurans is remarkable for its extraordinary resistance to ionizing and uv irradiation and many other agents that damage dna. this organism can repair > 100 double-strand breaks per chromosome induced by ionizing radiation without lethality or mutagenesis. we have previously observed that expression of d. radiodurans reca in escherichia coli appears lethal. we now find that the reca protein of d. radiodurans is ot detectable in d. radiodurans except in the s ... | 1996 | 8550406 |