Publications

TitleAbstractYear(sorted descending)
Filter
PMID
Filter
silicone implants and lymphoma: the role of inflammation.the risk of hematological malignancies is mainly determined by genetic background, age, sex, race and ethnicity, geographic location, exposure to certain chemicals and radiation; along with the more recently proposed immune factors such as chronic inflammation, immunodeficiencies, autoimmunity, and infections. paradigmatic examples include the development of lymphoma in sjögren's syndrome and hashimoto thyroiditis, gastric malt lymphoma in helicobacter pylori infection, or lymphomas associated w ...201526330346
interaction of human tumor viruses with host cell surface receptors and cell entry.currently, seven viruses, namely epstein-barr virus (ebv), kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpes virus (kshv), high-risk human papillomaviruses (hpvs), merkel cell polyomavirus (mcpyv), hepatitis b virus (hbv), hepatitis c virus (hcv) and human t cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (htlv-1), have been described to be consistently associated with different types of human cancer. these oncogenic viruses belong to distinct viral families, display diverse cell tropism and cause different malignancies. a key ...201526008702
serodiagnosis for tumor viruses.the known human tumor viruses include the dna viruses epstein-barr virus (ebv), kaposi sarcoma herpesvirus (kshv), merkel cell polyomavirus (mcpyv), human papillomavirus (hpv), and hepatitis b virus (bv). rna tumor viruses include human t-cell lymphotrophic virus type 1 (htlv-1) and hepatitis c virus (hcv). the serological identification of antigens/antibodies in serum is a rapidly progressing field with utility for both scientists and clinicians. serology is useful for conducting seroepidemiolo ...201525843726
oncogenic virus infections in the general population and end-stage renal disease patients with special emphasis on kaposi's sarcoma associated herpes virus (kshv) in northeast of iran.globally, almost 20% of cancers are related to infectious agents that can be prevented. oncogenicity refers to viruses that may cause cancers, more importantly in immunocompromised subjects such as transplant and hemodialysis patients. therefore, epidemiological studies are the first line for understanding the importance of these agents in public health, particularly, in mobile populations, tourism and pilgrimage regions.201525834713
microenvironmental abnormalities induced by viral cooperation: impact on lymphomagenesis.when stringent criteria have been used, the epstein barr virus (ebv), the kaposi's sarcoma herpesvirus (kshv), human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1) and human hepatitis c virus (hcv) have been identified with sufficient evidence to be causative agents of non-hodgkin's lymphomas. initially, single viral infection was considered fully responsible for the oncogenic properties of each virus, while it is now established that in many cases, multiple viral agents collaborate as cofactors in induc ...201525837157
acroangiodermatitis (pseudo-kaposi's sarcoma) in an hiv sero-positive patient with syphilis and hepatitis c virus coinfection: clinical and dermatopathological features.acroangiodermatitis is an angioproliferative disease usually related to chronic venous insufficiency, and it is considered a clinical and histological simulator of kaposi's sarcoma (ks). immunohistochemistry is the suitable method to differentiate between these two entities. it reveals the following immunostaining profile: immunopositivity with anti-cd34 antibody is restricted to the vascular endothelium in acroangiodermatitis, and diffuse in the ks (endothelial cells and perivascular spindle ce ...201525184919
human herpes virus 8-unrelated primary effusion lymphoma-like lymphoma in the pericardium: a case with latency type iii epstein-barr virus infection showing good prognosis without chemotherapy.primary effusion lymphoma (pel) is a rare subtype of non-hodgkin lymphoma that proliferates in body cavities without detectable masses. pel is universally associated with human herpes virus-8 (hhv-8) infection and has an aggressive prognosis. recently, an hhv-8-unrelated pel-like lymphoma that usually occurs in elderly individuals and follows a more indolent prognosis has been reported, and it is treated as a disease distinct from pel. however, its pathogenesis and prognostic factors have not be ...201526384578
stat3 regulates lytic activation of kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus.lytic activation of kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (kshv) from latency is a critical contributor to pathogenesis and progression of kshv-mediated disease. development of targeted treatment strategies and improvement of lytic-phase-directed oncolytic therapies, therefore, hinge on gaining a better understanding of latency-to-lytic-phase transition. a key observation in that regard, also common to other herpesviruses, is the partial permissiveness of latently infected cells to lytic-cycle ...201526339061
herpesvirus genome recognition induced acetylation of nuclear ifi16 is essential for its cytoplasmic translocation, inflammasome and ifn-β responses.the il-1β and type i interferon-β (ifn-β) molecules are important inflammatory cytokines elicited by the eukaryotic host as innate immune responses against invading pathogens and danger signals. recently, a predominantly nuclear gamma-interferon-inducible protein 16 (ifi16) involved in transcriptional regulation has emerged as an innate dna sensor which induced il-1β and ifn-β production through inflammasome and sting activation, respectively. herpesvirus (kshv, ebv, and hsv-1) episomal dsdna ge ...201526134128
brca1 regulates ifi16 mediated nuclear innate sensing of herpes viral dna and subsequent induction of the innate inflammasome and interferon-β responses.the innate immune system pattern recognition receptors (prr) are the first line of host defenses recognizing the various pathogen- or danger-associated molecular patterns and eliciting defenses by regulating the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as il-1β, il-18 or interferon β (ifn-β). nod-like receptors (nlrs) and aim2-like receptors (alrs) are cytoplasmic inflammasome sensors of foreign molecules, including dna. ifi16, a sequence-independent nuclear innate sensor alr, recognizes ep ...201526121674
distinct viral and mutational spectrum of endemic burkitt lymphoma.endemic burkitt lymphoma (ebl) is primarily found in children in equatorial regions and represents the first historical example of a virus-associated human malignancy. although epstein-barr virus (ebv) infection and myc translocations are hallmarks of the disease, it is unclear whether other factors may contribute to its development. we performed rna-seq on 20 ebl cases from uganda and showed that the mutational and viral landscape of ebl is more complex than previously reported. first, we found ...201526468873
decoding viral infection by ribosome profiling.ribosome profiling is an emerging technique that uses deep sequencing to monitor translation in live cells. studies using ribosome profiling have already provided novel insights into the identities and amounts of the proteins being produced in cells, as well as novel insights into the mechanism of protein synthesis and translation regulation. application of ribosome profiling to cells infected with human cytomegalovirus and kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus revealed unanticipated complexit ...201525810547
bh3 profiling reveals selectivity by herpesviruses for specific bcl-2 proteins to mediate survival of latently infected cells.herpesviruses, including human cytomegalovirus (hcmv), epstein-barr virus (ebv), and kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus, establish latency by modulating or mimicking antiapoptotic bcl-2 proteins to promote survival of carrier cells. bh3 profiling, which assesses the contribution of bcl-2 proteins towards cellular survival, was able to globally determine the level of dependence on individual cellular and viral bcl-2 proteins within latently infected cells. moreover, bh3 profiling predicted t ...201525740993
prevalence of human cytomegalovirus, polyomaviruses, and oncogenic viruses in glioblastoma among japanese subjects.the association between human cytomegalovirus (hcmv) and glioblastoma multiforme (gbm) is becoming a new concept. however, information on the geographic variability of hcmv prevalence in gbm remains scarce. moreover, the potential roles of various viruses, such as polyomaviruses and oncogenic viruses, in gliomagenesis remain unclear. our aim was to investigate the prevalence of hcmv in gbm among japanese patients. furthermore, this was the first study that evaluated infection with four new human ...201525685179
lack of association between human herpesvirus and vestibular schwannoma: analysis of 121 cases.to assess for the presence of human herpesvirus (hhv) using immunohistochemical and polymerase chain reaction (pcr) assay in surgically excised vestibular schwannoma (vs) samples.201525560404
ribosome profiling as a tool to decipher viral complexity.viral genomes harbor a variety of unusual translational phenomena that allow them to pack coding information more densely and evade host restriction mechanisms imposed by the cellular translational apparatus. annotating translated sequences within these genomes thus poses particular challenges, but identifying the full complement of proteins encoded by a virus is critical for understanding its life cycle and defining the epitopes it presents for immune surveillance. ribosome profiling is an emer ...201526958919
non-human cancers in aids patients.neoplasms are more frequent in hiv-positive persons than in non-infected individuals. the incidence of malignancies associated to oncoviruses increases with low cd4 counts in hiv carriers. this is the case for kaposi sarcoma, castleman disease or effusive cavity lymphomas due to hhv-8, anorectal or cervical cancer due to human papillomavirus, and burkitt lymphoma or large b-cell lymphoma due to epstein-barr virus.201526690493
gammaherpesvirus infection of human neuronal cells.gammaherpesviruses human herpesvirus 4 (hhv4) and hhv8 are two prominent members of the herpesvirus family associated with a number of human cancers. hhv4, also known as epstein-barr virus (ebv), a ubiquitous gammaherpesvirus prevalent in 90 to 95% of the human population, is clinically associated with various neurological diseases such as primary central nervous system lymphoma, multiple sclerosis, alzheimer's disease, cerebellar ataxia, and encephalitis. however, the possibility that ebv and k ...201526628726
hpv infection, but not ebv or hhv-8 infection, is associated with salivary gland tumours.benign and malignant salivary gland tumours are clinically heterogeneous and show different histology. little is known about the role of human herpes virus 8 (hhv-8), epstein-barr virus (ebv), and human papillomavirus (hpv) infection in salivary gland neoplasms. we investigated the presence of the three viruses in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue samples in a cohort of 200 different salivary gland tumours. we performed ebv-lmp-1 and hhv-8 and p16 immunohistochemistry, a specific chip bas ...201526618178
human immunodeficiency virus-negative plasmablastic lymphoma: a comprehensive analysis of 114 cases.human immunodeficiency virus-negative plasma-blastic lymphoma (pbl) is an extremely rare entity. its clinicopathological features, optimal treatment strategy and prognostic factors remain obsure. an extensive search was performed in the english language literature within the pubmed database using the key words: 'plasmablastic lymphoma and human immunodeficiency virus-negative or immunocompetent'. data from 114 patients from 52 articles were analyzed. the mean patient age at diagnosis was 58.90 y ...201525695332
gammaherpesvirus small noncoding rnas are bifunctional elements that regulate infection and contribute to virulence in vivo.many viruses express noncoding rnas (ncrnas). the gammaherpesviruses (γhvs), including epstein-barr virus, kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus, and murine γhv68, each contain multiple ncrna genes, including micrornas (mirnas). while these ncrnas can regulate multiple host and viral processes in vitro, the genetic contribution of these rnas to infection and pathogenesis remains largely unknown. to study the functional contribution of these rnas to γhv infection, we have used γhv68, a small-an ...201525691585
γ-herpesvirus load as surrogate marker of early death in hiv-1 lymphoma patients submitted to high dose chemotherapy and autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation.autologous stem cell transplantation (asct) is a feasible procedure for human immunodeficiency virus-1 (hiv-1) lymphoma patients, whose underlying disease and intrinsic hiv-1- and asct-associated immunodeficiency might increase the risk for γ-herpesvirus load persistence and/or reactivation. we evaluated this hypothesis by investigating the levels of epstein-barr virus (ebv)- and kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (kshv)-dna levels in the peripheral blood of 22 hiv-1-associated lymphoma patie ...201525668032
cryoem and mutagenesis reveal that the smallest capsid protein cements and stabilizes kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus capsid.with just one eighth the size of the major capsid protein (mcp), the smallest capsid protein (scp) of human tumor herpesviruses--kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (kshv) and epstein-barr virus (ebv)--is vital to capsid assembly, yet its mechanism of action is unknown. here, by cryoem of kshv at 6-å resolution, we show that scp forms a crown on each hexon and uses a kinked helix to cross-link neighboring mcp subunits. scp-null mutation decreased viral titer by 1,000 times and impaired but d ...201525646489
pan-viral-microrna screening identifies interferon inhibition as a common function of diverse viruses.diverse viruses encode regulatory rnas called micrornas (mirnas). despite much progress, the functions of the majority of viral mirnas remain unknown. most previous studies have used biochemical methods to uncover targets of viral mirnas, but it is unclear what fraction of these targets is functionally important. here, we apply an alternative strategy based on the premise that assorted viral mirnas will share functionality. screening a library of >70 human viral mirnas showed that three unrelate ...201525624489
extracavitary/solid variant of primary effusion lymphoma presenting as a gastric mass.primary effusion lymphoma (pel) is a rare subtype of large b-cell lymphoma associated with human herpesvirus 8 (hhv8). it has the highest incidence in hiv-positive individuals. it often presents as a malignant pleural, peritoneal and/or pericardial effusion without a detectable solid mass. most cases are co-infected with epstein-barr virus (ebv). rare cases of hhv8-positive lymphoma with features similar to pel can present as tumor masses and are considered to represent an extracavitary or solid ...201526407759
immune control of oncogenic γ-herpesviruses.human γ-herpesviruses contain epstein barr virus (ebv), the first human tumor virus that was identified in man, and kaposi sarcoma associated herpesvirus (kshv), one of the most recently identified human oncogenic pathogens. both of these have co-evolved with humans to cause tumors only in a minority of infected individuals, despite their exquisite ability to establish persistent infections. in this review we will summarize the fine-tuned balance between immune responses, immune escape and cellu ...201526372881
rare variants in the spectrum of human herpesvirus 8/epstein-barr virus-copositive lymphoproliferations.we report 2 rare variants in the spectrum of human herpesvirus 8 (hhv8)/epstein-barr virus (ebv)-copositive lymphoproliferations arising in hiv-seronegative patients, including a large b-cell lymphoma arising in the setting of multicentric castleman disease and a germinotropic lymphoproliferative disorder. in the first case, histology revealed features of multicentric castleman disease and a proliferation of large lymphoid cells forming clusters or arcs or rings replacing the periphery of follic ...201526299509
host entry by gamma-herpesviruses--lessons from animal viruses?the oncogenicity of gamma-herpesviruses (γhvs) motivates efforts to control them and their persistence makes early events key targets for intervention. human γhvs are often assumed to enter naive hosts orally and infect b cells directly. however, neither assumption is supported by direct evidence, and vaccination with the epstein-barr virus (ebv) gp350, to block virion binding to b cells, failed to reduce infection rates. thus, there is a need to re-evaluate assumptions about γhv host entry. giv ...201526246389
immunodeficiency-associated viral oncogenesis.several viruses with different replication mechanisms contribute to oncogenesis by both direct and indirect mechanisms in immunosuppressed subjects after solid organ transplantation, after allogeneic stem cell transplantation, or with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection. epstein-barr virus (ebv), human papillomavirus (hpv), kaposi sarcoma herpesvirus (kshv), human t-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (htlv-1) and merkel cell polyoma virus (mcv) are the main viruses associated with the devel ...201526197213
targeting ctcf to control virus gene expression: a common theme amongst diverse dna viruses.all viruses target host cell factors for successful life cycle completion. transcriptional control of dna viruses by host cell factors is important in the temporal and spatial regulation of virus gene expression. many of these factors are recruited to enhance virus gene expression and thereby increase virus production, but host cell factors can also restrict virus gene expression and productivity of infection. ccctc binding factor (ctcf) is a host cell dna binding protein important for the regul ...201526154016
recombinant murine gamma herpesvirus 68 carrying kshv g protein-coupled receptor induces angiogenic lesions in mice.human gamma herpesviruses, including kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (kshv) and epstein-barr virus (ebv), are capable of inducing tumors, particularly in in immune-compromised individuals. due to the stringent host tropism, rodents are resistant to infection by human gamma herpesviruses, creating a significant barrier for the in vivo study of viral genes that contribute to tumorigenesis. the closely-related murine gamma herpesvirus 68 (γhv68) efficiently infects laboratory mouse strains ...201526107716
human herpesvirus 8-negative and epstein-barr virus-positive effusion-based lymphoma in a patient with human immunodeficiency virus.a 39-year-old man infected with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) was admitted to our hospital because of sudden onset of chest pain. chest radiography revealed pneumothorax of the right lung. computed tomographic scans disclosed a 5.8-cm-sized emphysematous bulla in the right middle lobe of the lung. histologically, the wedge-resected lung showed medium to large atypical cells within the bullous cavity of the pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia, without solid mass formation. these atypical cells ...201526081824
printed flexible plastic microchip for viral load measurement through quantitative detection of viruses in plasma and saliva.we report a biosensing platform for viral load measurement through electrical sensing of viruses on a flexible plastic microchip with printed electrodes. point-of-care (poc) viral load measurement is of paramount importance with significant impact on a broad range of applications, including infectious disease diagnostics and treatment monitoring specifically in resource-constrained settings. here, we present a broadly applicable and inexpensive biosensing technology for accurate quantification o ...201526046668
human gammaherpesviruses viraemia in hiv infected patients.the epstein-barr virus (ebv) and kaposi's sarcoma associated herpesvirus (kshv) are consistently associated with lymphoproliferative diseases and cancers in humans, notably in patients with hiv.201525979989
k1 and k15 of kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus are partial functional homologues of latent membrane protein 2a of epstein-barr virus.the human herpesviruses epstein-barr virus (ebv) and kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (kshv) are associated with hodgkin's lymphoma (hl) and primary effusion lymphomas (pel), respectively, which are b cell malignancies that originate from germinal center b cells. pel cells but also a quarter of ebv-positive hl tumor cells do not express the genuine b cell receptor (bcr), a situation incompatible with survival of normal b cells. ebv encodes lmp2a, one of ebv's viral latent membrane protein ...201525948739
the 3d structure of kaposi sarcoma herpesvirus lana c-terminal domain bound to dna.kaposi sarcoma herpesvirus (kshv) persists as a latent nuclear episome in dividing host cells. this episome is tethered to host chromatin to ensure proper segregation during mitosis. for duplication of the latent genome, the cellular replication machinery is recruited. both of these functions rely on the constitutively expressed latency-associated nuclear antigen (lana) of the virus. here, we report the crystal structure of the kshv lana dna-binding domain (dbd) in complex with its high-affinity ...201525947153
epstein-barr virus- and kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus-related malignancies in the setting of human immunodeficiency virus infection.the human gammaherpesvirus family includes epstein-barr virus (ebv) and human herpesvirus (hhv)-8, also known as kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (kshv). in human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-infected patients, both ebv and kshv have been implicated in the development of a wide range of tumors. kshv-associated diseases include kaposi sarcoma (ks), primary effusion lymphoma (pel), and multicentric castleman disease (mcd). ebv has been associated with the development of several malignancies, ...201525843730
the epidemiology of cancers in human immunodeficiency virus infection and after organ transplantation.the authors provide an update on the association between immune deficiency and cancer risk in people with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) and in solid organ transplant recipients. over the past decade, it has become clear that a wider range of about 20 mostly infection-related cancers occur at increased rates in people with immune deficiency. the human herpes virus 8 (hhv8) and epstein barr virus (ebv)-related cancers of kaposi sarcoma (ks) and non-hodgkin lymphoma (nhl) are most closely rela ...201525843729
gammaherpesvirus tegument protein orf33 is associated with intranuclear capsids at an early stage of the tegumentation process.herpesvirus nascent capsids, after assembly in the nucleus, must acquire a variety of tegument proteins during maturation. however, little is known about the identity of the tegument proteins that are associated with capsids in the nucleus or the molecular mechanisms involved in the nuclear egress of capsids into the cytoplasm, especially for the two human gammaherpesviruses epstein-barr virus (ebv) and kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (kshv), due to a lack of efficient lytic replication ...201525717105
small molecule growth inhibitors of human oncogenic gammaherpesvirus infected b-cells.epstein-barr virus (ebv) and kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (kshv) are two human gammaherpesviruses associated with a broad spectrum of b-cell lymphomas, most acutely in immuno-compromised populations. however, there are no drugs which specifically target kshv or ebv-associated lymphomas. to identify small molecules which selectively inhibit the growth of ebv or kshv-associated b-cell lines, we performed a fluorescence based high-throughput screen on multiple stable gfp expressing virus ...201525306391
an aggressive plasmablastic lymphoma of the oral cavity as primary manifestation of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome: case report and literature review.introduction plasmablastic lymphoma is a rare entity that was first described in the jaws and the oral cavity of patients with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids). plasmablastic lymphoma is considered as a diffuse, large, b-cell lymphoma with a unique phenotype and a predilection for the oral cavity. objective the authors describe a case of an aggressive plasmablastic lymphoma of the oral cavity as the primary manifestation of aids. resumed report we ...201526491484
murine gammaherpesvirus 68 orf35 is required for efficient lytic replication and latency.murine gammaherpesvirus (mhv) 68, a natural pathogen of field mice, is related to human gammaherpesviruses, epstein–barr virus (ebv; human herpesvirus 4) and kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (kshv; human herpesvirus 8). the orf35 of mhv-68 and its homologues of ebv and kshv are located in the gene cluster composed of orf34–orf38 in which each gene overlaps with adjacent genes. although mhv-68 orf35 was reported to be an essential gene, its function during infection is presently unknown. i ...201526459827
high-throughput rna sequencing-based virome analysis of 50 lymphoma cell lines from the cancer cell line encyclopedia project.using high-throughput rna sequencing data from 50 common lymphoma cell culture models from the cancer cell line encyclopedia project, we performed an unbiased global interrogation for the presence of a panel of 740 viruses and strains known to infect human and other mammalian cells. this led to the findings of previously identified infections by epstein-barr virus (ebv), kaposi's sarcoma herpesvirus (kshv), and human t-lymphotropic virus type 1 (htlv-1). in addition, we also found a previously u ...201525355872
primary effusion lymphoma with aberrant t-cell phenotype in an iatrogenically immunosuppressed renal transplant male: cytologic diagnosis in peritoneal fluid.primary effusion lymphoma (pel) is an unusual class of non-hodgkin's lymphoma that develops in body cavities, without associated mass lesions. it has been linked to human herpes virus 8 (hhv-8), an etiological factor of kaposi's sarcoma. although pel is a b-cell lymphoma, the neoplastic cells are usually of the "null" phenotype by immunocytochemistry. the relative infrequency of this entity, the absence of wide casuistic allowing a better characterization, and its unfavorable outcome, strongly s ...201524644156
[endemic kaposi's sarcoma in a hiv-negative patient].kaposi's sarcoma (ks) is a multicentric, inflammatory angioproliferative cancer associated with herpes virus 8 (hhv-8). it has four clinico-epidemiological types: classic, endemic, iatrogenic and epidemic, or hiv associated. clinically it may be indolent or aggressive, mainly affecting mucocutaneous areas with eventual visceral and lymph node involvement. it is often present and in a more aggressive form in the hiv-positive population. we report a case of a 27-year-old hiv- negative male patient ...201526732933
iatrogenic kaposi's sarcoma after immunosuppressive treatment for granulomatosis with polyangiitis (wegener's). 201527051687
human herpesvirus 8 seroconversion in a population-based cohort of men in tobago.human herpesvirus 8 (hhv-8) is the causal agent of kaposi's sarcoma (ks). in tobago, ks is not common; however, hhv-8 seropositivity has been reported to be 39.9% in men with prostate cancer compared to <22.9% in healthier women and men. to understand hhv-8 transmission, we examined hhv-8 seroconversion and seroreversion, and risk factors for these changes in tobago men. serum specimens from a sub-cohort of tobago prostate survey men, aged 40-81 years (n = 381/442), were collected at baseline an ...201525612304
association between malaria exposure and kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpes virus seropositivity in uganda.unlike other herpes viruses, kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpes virus (kshv) is not ubiquitous worldwide and is most prevalent in sub-saharan africa. the reasons for this are unclear. as part of a wider investigation of factors that facilitate transmission in uganda, a high prevalence country, we examined the association between antimalaria antibodies and seropositivity against kshv.201525611008
complete genome sequence of pig-tailed macaque rhadinovirus 2 and its evolutionary relationship with rhesus macaque rhadinovirus and human herpesvirus 8/kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus.two rhadinovirus lineages have been identified in old world primates. the rhadinovirus 1 (rv1) lineage consists of human herpesvirus 8, kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (kshv), and closely related rhadinoviruses of chimpanzees, gorillas, macaques and other old world primates. the rv2 rhadinovirus lineage is distinct and consists of closely related viruses from the same old world primate species. rhesus macaque rhadinovirus (rrv) is the rv2 prototype, and two rrv isolates, 26-95 and 17577, ...201525609822
kshv latent protein lana2 inhibits sumo2 modification of p53.tumor suppressor p53 plays a crucial antiviral role and targeting of p53 by viral proteins is a common mechanism involved in virus oncogenesis. the activity of p53 is tightly regulated at the post-translational levels through a myriad of modifications. among them, modification of p53 by sumo has been associated with the onset of cellular senescence. kaposi´s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (kshv) expresses several proteins targeting p53, including the latent protein lana2 that regulates polyubiqu ...201525607652
fda approval: siltuximab for the treatment of patients with multicentric castleman disease.on april 22, 2014, the fda granted full approval to siltuximab (sylvant for injection; janssen biotech, inc.), a chimeric human-mouse monoclonal antibody to il6, for the treatment of patients with multicentric castleman disease (mcd) who are human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) negative and human herpesvirus-8 (hhv-8) negative. the approval was primarily based on the results of a randomized, double-blind trial in which 79 symptomatic patients with mcd were allocated (2:1) to siltuximab plus best s ...201525601959
analysis of the orfk1 hypervariable regions reveal distinct hhv-8 clustering in kaposi's sarcoma and non-kaposi's cases.classical kaposi's sarcoma (cks) is a rare vascular tumor, which develops in subjects infected with human herpesvirus-8 (hhv-8). beside the host predisposing factors, viral genetic variants might possibly be related to disease development. the aim of this study was to identify hhv-8 variants in patients with cks or in hhv-8 infected subjects either asymptomatic or with cks-unrelated cutaneous lymphoproliferative disorders.201525592960
kshv reactivation and novel implications of protein isomerization on lytic switch control.in kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (kshv) oncogenesis, both latency and reactivation are hypothesized to potentiate tumor growth. the kshv rta protein is the lytic switch for reactivation. rta transactivates essential genes via interactions with cofactors such as the cellular rbp-jk and oct-1 proteins, and the viral mta protein. given that robust viral reactivation would facilitate antiviral responses and culminate in host cell lysis, regulation of rta's expression and function is a majo ...201525588053
stability of structured kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus orf57 protein is regulated by protein phosphorylation and homodimerization.kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (kshv) orf57 plays an essential role in kshv lytic infection by promoting viral gene expression at the posttranscriptional level. using bioinformatic and biochemical approaches, we determined that orf57 contains two structurally and functionally distinct domains: a disordered nonstructural n-terminal domain (amino acids [aa] 1 to 152) and a structured α-helix-rich c-terminal domain (aa 153 to 455). the n-terminal domain mediates orf57 interaction with seve ...201525568207
transcriptome analysis of kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus during de novo primary infection of human b and endothelial cells.kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (kshv) infects many target cells (e.g., endothelial, epithelial, and b cells, keratinocytes, and monocytes) to establish lifelong latent infections. viral latent-protein expression is critical in inducing and maintaining kshv latency. infected cells are programmed to retain the incoming viral genomes during primary infection. immediately after infection, kshv transcribes many lytic genes that modulate various cellular pathways to establish successful infec ...201525552714
fine-needle aspiration cytology of disseminated kaposi sarcoma of the bone in an aids patient.kaposi sarcoma (ks) is a vascular neoplasm associated with human herpesvirus 8 (hhv-8). skin and mucous membranes are the most common sites, but other organs may be involved. skeletal ks is rare and occurs either by direct spread of mucocutaneous lesions or through dissemination. patients present with bone pain and lytic lesions for which they may undergo fine-needle aspiration (fna). while there are about 70 published case reports of skeletal ks, there is limited literature specifically describ ...201525547261
global mapping of herpesvirus-host protein complexes reveals a transcription strategy for late genes.mapping host-pathogen interactions has proven instrumental for understanding how viruses manipulate host machinery and how numerous cellular processes are regulated. dna viruses such as herpesviruses have relatively large coding capacity and thus can target an extensive network of cellular proteins. to identify the host proteins hijacked by this pathogen, we systematically affinity tagged and purified all 89 proteins of kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (kshv) from human cells. mass spectr ...201525544563
[kaposi's sarcoma of the vulva].kaposi's sarcoma represents multiple idiopathic hemorrhagic sarcoma--a mesenchymal tumor that affects the blood and lymph vessels. its performance is associated with an infection with human herpes virus type 8--the so called kshv (kaposi's sarcoma -associated virus), and with the human immunodeficiency virus. kaposi's sarcoma is considered as a typical clinical manifestation in male homosexuals suffering from acquired immune deficiency syndrome (aids), while his performance in hiv-positive women ...201526137776
phosphoproteomic analysis of kshv-infected cells reveals roles of orf45-activated rsk during lytic replication.kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (kshv) is an oncogenic virus which has adapted unique mechanisms to modulate the cellular microenvironment of its human host. the pathogenesis of kshv is intimately linked to its manipulation of cellular signaling pathways, including the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (erk) mitogen-activated protein kinase (mapk) pathway. we have previously shown that kshv orf45 contributes to the sustained activation of both erk and p90 ribosomal s6 kinase (rsk, a ...201526133373
non-hiv-related kaposi sarcoma in 2 hispanic patients arising in the setting of chronic venous insufficiency.kaposi sarcoma (ks) is a vascular neoplasm associated with human herpesvirus 8 (hhv-8) infection that can be confused with the clinical and histological findings of chronic venous insufficiency. definitive diagnosis of ks can only be achieved by performing a polymerase chain reaction for hhv-8 or by immunostaining for the hhv-8 antigen. we describe 2 unusual clinical presentations of ks in the setting of chronic venous insufficiency with clinical and histologic features consistent with stasis de ...201526125221
hiv-associated primary effusion lymphoma presenting as a paracardial mass.primary effusion lymphoma (pel), a rare type of non-hodgkin's lymphoma, is an aids-defining illness and always associated with human herpesvirus 8 (hhv-8). classic presentations involve the pleural, pericardial or peritoneal cavities. infrequently, extracavitary solid tumours develop. treatment of pel requires chemotherapy and highly active antiretroviral therapy (haart). we report a case of a 46-year-old man, who presented with right-sided chest pain, dyspnoea and night sweats. evaluation revea ...201525725030
multimodality imaging and clinical features in castleman disease: single institute experience in 30 patients.to analyse imaging features of subtypes of castleman disease (cd), emphasizing differentiating features from lymphoma.201525710283
hits-clip analysis uncovers a link between the kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus orf57 protein and host pre-mrna metabolism.the kaposi's sarcoma associated herpesvirus (kshv) is an oncogenic virus that causes kaposi's sarcoma, primary effusion lymphoma (pel), and some forms of multicentric castleman's disease. the kshv orf57 protein is a conserved posttranscriptional regulator of gene expression that is essential for virus replication. orf57 is multifunctional, but most of its activities are directly linked to its ability to bind rna. we globally identified virus and host rnas bound by orf57 during lytic reactivation ...201525710169
oncovirus kaposi sarcoma herpesvirus (kshv) represses tumor suppressor pdlim2 to persistently activate nuclear factor κb (nf-κb) and stat3 transcription factors for tumorigenesis and tumor maintenance.kaposi sarcoma herpesvirus (kshv) is the most common cause of malignancies among aids patients. however, how kshv induces tumorigenesis remains largely unknown. here, we demonstrate that one important mechanism underlying the tumorigenesis of kshv is through transcriptional repression of the tumor suppressor gene pdz-lim domain-containing protein 2 (pdlim2). pdlim2 expression is repressed in kshv-transformed human umbilical vascular endothelial cells as well as in kshv-associated cancer cell lin ...201525681443
cd20-negative diffuse large b-cell lymphomas: biology and emerging therapeutic options.cd20-negative diffuse large b-cell lymphoma (dlbcl) is a rare and heterogeneous group of lymphoproliferative disorders. known variants of cd20-negative dlbcl include plasmablastic lymphoma, primary effusion lymphoma, large b-cell lymphoma arising in human herpesvirus 8-associated multicentric castleman disease and anaplastic lymphoma kinase-positive dlbcl. given the lack of cd20 expression, atypical cellular morphology and aggressive clinical behavior characterized by chemotherapy resistance and ...201525641215
kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus micrornas repress breakpoint cluster region protein expression, enhance rac1 activity, and increase in vitro angiogenesis.micrornas (mirnas) are small, ∼ 22-nucleotide-long rnas that regulate gene expression posttranscriptionally. kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (kshv) encodes 12 pre-mirnas during latency, and the functional significance of these micrornas during kshv infection and their cellular targets have been emerging recently. using a previously reported microarray profiling analysis, we identified breakpoint cluster region mrna (bcr) as a cellular target of the kshv mirna mir-k12-6-5p (mir-k6-5). bcr ...201525631082
kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus-associated malignancies: epidemiology, pathogenesis, and advances in treatment.kaposi sarcoma associated herpesvirus (kshv), a γ2-herpesvirus, also known as human herpesvirus-8, is the etiologic agent of three virally associated tumors: kaposi sarcoma, a plasmablastic form of multicentric castleman disease (kshv-mcd), and primary effusion lymphoma. these malignancies are predominantly seen in people with acquired immunodeficiencies, including acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and iatrogenic immunosuppression in the setting of organ transplantation, but can also develop in ...201525843728
induction of hyaluronan production by oncogenic kshv and the contribution to viral pathogenesis in aids patients.kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (kshv) is the etiologic agent for kaposi's sarcoma (ks) and primary effusion lymphoma (pel), malignancies arising primarily in immunocompromised patients particularly aids-patients, which still lack effective therapy. hyaluronan (ha) is a large glucuronic acid and has been found closely related to multiple functions in cancer cells, although its role in viral oncogenesis remains largely unknown. here we provide first evidence that kshv de novo infection indu ...201525837851
glycosylation of kshv encoded vgpcr functions in its signaling and tumorigenicity.kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (kshv) is a tumor virus and the etiologic agent of kaposi's sarcoma (ks). kshv g protein-coupled receptor (vgpcr) is an oncogene that is implicated in malignancies associated with khsv infection. in this study, we show that vgpcr undergoes extensive n-linked glycosylation within the extracellular domains, specifically asparagines 18, 22, 31 and 202. an immunofluorescence assay demonstrates that n-linked glycosylation are necessary for vgpcr trafficking to ...201525835533
18f-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography in kaposi sarcoma herpesvirus-associated multicentric castleman disease: correlation with activity, severity, inflammatory and virologic parameters.kaposi sarcoma herpesvirus (kshv)-associated multicentric castleman disease (mcd) is a lymphoproliferative inflammatory disorder commonly associated with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv). its presentation may be difficult to distinguish from hiv and its complications, including lymphoma. novel imaging strategies could address these problems.201525828248
association of kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus orf31 with orf34 and orf24 is critical for late gene expression.transcription of herpesvirus late genes depends on several virus-encoded proteins whose function is not completely understood. here, we identify a viral trimeric complex of kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (kshv) open reading frame 31 (orf31), orf24, and orf34 that is required for late gene expression but not viral dna replication. we found that (i) orf34 bridges the interaction between orf31 and orf24, (ii) the amino-terminal cysteine-rich and carboxyl-terminal basic domains of orf31 med ...201525810551
modulation of cellular signaling by herpesvirus-encoded g protein-coupled receptors.human herpesviruses (hhvs) are widespread infectious pathogens that have been associated with proliferative and inflammatory diseases. during viral evolution, hhvs have pirated genes encoding viral g protein-coupled receptors (vgpcrs), which are expressed on infected host cells. these vgpcrs show highest homology to human chemokine receptors, which play a key role in the immune system. importantly, vgpcrs have acquired unique properties such as constitutive activity and the ability to bind a bro ...201525805993
detecting dna viruses in oral fluids: evaluation of collection and storage methods.storing saliva for nucleic acid diagnostics is problematic in resource-constrained settings. dna genotek's omnigene™·discover kit aims to stabilise microbial dna at room temperature. we evaluate this for long-term storage, determining dna quantity/purity and human herpesvirus 8 (hhv-8) load as indicator. viral loads and dna degradation were assayed over 14months in hhv-8-negative saliva spiked with cell-associated and cell-free virus and saliva collected fresh frozen and into kits from 10 hiv-po ...201525801777
multi-step regulation of innate immune signaling by kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus.the innate immune system provides an immediate and relatively non-specific response to infection with the aim of eliminating the pathogen before an infection can be fully established. activation of innate immune response is achieved by production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and type i interferon (ifn). the ifn response in particular is one of the primary defenses utilized by the host innate immune system to control pathogen infection, like virus infection. hence, viruses have learned to manipu ...201525796211
diagnostic challenges of oral and cutaneous kaposi's sarcoma in resource-constrained settings.kaposi's sarcoma (ks), caused by hhv-8, is the most frequent hiv-associated malignancy worldwide and remains a major scourge in sub-saharan africa. ks is also endemic in much of africa. there is a risk of misdiagnosis based solely on clinical appearance and haematoxylin and eosin (h&e) staining, especially with other reactive and neoplastic vascular proliferations which occur in the mouth. this study examined oral and cutaneous biopsies from clinically diagnosed lesions of ks in kenya, using his ...201525782476
xct, not just an amino-acid transporter: a multi-functional regulator of microbial infection and associated diseases.expression of xct, a component of the xc (-) amino-acid transporter, is essential for the uptake of cystine required for intracellular glutathione (gsh) synthesis and maintenance of the intracellular redox balance. therefore, xct plays an important role not only in the survival of somatic and immune cells, but also in other aspects of tumorigenesis, including the growth and malignant progression of cancer cells, resistance to anticancer drugs, and protection of normal cells against oxidative dam ...201525745420
identification of the essential role of viral bcl-2 for kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus lytic replication.kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (kshv) evades host defenses through tight suppression of autophagy by targeting each step of its signal transduction: by viral bcl-2 (vbcl-2) in vesicle nucleation, by viral flip (vflip) in vesicle elongation, and by k7 in vesicle maturation. by exploring the roles of kshv autophagy-modulating genes, we found, surprisingly, that vbcl-2 is essential for kshv lytic replication, whereas vflip and k7 are dispensable. knocking out vbcl-2 from the kshv genome re ...201525740994
viral bcl-2 encoded by the kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus is vital for virus reactivation.the kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (kshv) open reading frame 16 (orf16) encodes a viral bcl-2 (vbcl-2) protein which shares sequence and functional homology with the bcl-2 family. like its cellular homologs, vbcl-2 protects various cell types from apoptosis and can also negatively regulate autophagy. vbcl-2 is transcribed during lytic infection; however, its exact function has not been determined to date. by using bacterial artificial chromosome 16 (bac16) clone carrying the full-length ...201525740992
generation of high-titre virus stocks using brk.219, a b-cell line infected stably with recombinant kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus.kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (kshv) is a gamma-2-lymphotropic human oncogenic herpesvirus associated with kaposi's sarcoma (ks) and two b-cell lymphoproliferative diseases, primary effusion lymphoma (pel) and multicentric castleman's disease (mcd). kshv establishes latency soon after infection in vivo and in vitro. consequently, it is technically difficult to generate high-titre virus stocks required for infection experiments in tissue culture. currently used methods of kshv stock pro ...201525736227
identification of the physiological gene targets of the essential lytic replicative kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus orf57 protein.the kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (kshv) orf57 gene product is essential for lytic kshv replication and virion production. recombinant orf57-null mutants fail to accumulate several lytic cycle mrnas at wild-type levels, leading to decreased production of lytic proteins necessary for efficient replication. several mechanisms by which orf57 may enhance expression of lytic kshv mrnas have been proposed, including mrna stabilization, mrna nuclear export, increased polyadenylation, and tran ...201525410858
benign lymphangioendothelioma presenting as a giant flank mass.benign lymphangioendothelioma is a rare lesion of controversial etiology and a histopathologic mimic of kaposi sarcoma and so-called 'well-differentiated' angiosarcoma. its most typical clinical presentation is as a slowly expanding, erythematous patch or plaque; it rarely presents as a large mass. we report the second case of a giant benign lymphangioendothelioma, which arose as a serpiginous mass involving most of the flank of an elderly male with no prior radiation exposure and with a remote ...201525410589
activation of p90 ribosomal s6 kinases by orf45 of kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus is critical for optimal production of infectious viruses.we have previously shown that orf45, an immediate-early and tegument protein of kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (kshv), causes sustained activation of p90 ribosomal s6 kinases (rsks) and extracellular regulated kinase (erk) (e. kuang, q. tang, g. g. maul, and f. zhu, j virol 82:1838-1850, 2008, http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.02119-07). we now have identified the critical region of orf45 that is involved in rsk interaction and activation. alanine scanning mutagenesis of this region reveale ...201525320298
classic kaposi's sarcoma treated with topical rapamycin.kaposi's sarcoma (ks) is an angioproliferative disorder caused by human herpesvirus 8 (hhv-8). current research efforts have focused on the study of the relative role of kshv-encoded genes in kaposi's sarcomagenesis in order to identify novel mechanism-based therapies for patients suffering from this tumor. although several viral genes have potential for ks pathogenesis, compelling data point to the kshv-encoded g protein-coupled receptor (vgpcr) as a leading candidate viral gene for the initiat ...201525314592
whole-genome sequencing identifies stat4 as a putative susceptibility gene in classic kaposi sarcoma.classic kaposi sarcoma (cks) is an inflammatory tumor caused by human herpesvirus 8 (hhv-8) commonly observed in elderly men of mediterranean origin. we studied a finnish family of 5 affected individuals in 2 generations. except for atypical mycobacterial infection of the index case, the affected individuals did not have notable histories of infection.201525492914
facing up to the ongoing challenge of kaposi's sarcoma.kaposi's sarcoma is a mesenchymal tumour caused by infection with human herpesvirus 8, usually in the context of immunodeficiency. the global incidence of kaposi's sarcoma rose dramatically with the outbreak of hiv and aids. although the introduction of combined antiretroviral therapy (cart) has seen a dramatic decline in kaposi's sarcoma incidence, it remains a significant burden of morbidity and mortality, especially in sub-saharan africa. this review considers the most recent evidence regardi ...201525490104
clinical and experimental study of castleman disease in children.castleman disease (cd) is a rare lymphoproliferative disease that is often underdiagnosed or misdiagnosed, especially in children. for this reason, we describe the clinical manifestations, diagnosis and treatment of cd in 11 children.201525213773
the role of kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus in the pathogenesis of kaposi sarcoma.kaposi sarcoma (ks) is an unusual vascular tumour caused by an oncogenic-herpesvirus, kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (kshv), also known as human herpesvirus 8 (hhv 8). ks lesions are characterized by an abundant inflammatory infiltrate, the presence of kshv-infected endothelial cells that show signs of aberrant differentiation, as well as faulty angiogenesis/ vascularization. here we discuss the molecular mechanisms that lead to the development of these histological features of ks, with a ...201525212381
kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus promotes tumorigenesis by modulating the hippo pathway.kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (kshv) is an oncogenic virus and the culprit behind the human disease kaposi sarcoma (ks), an aids-defining malignancy. kshv encodes a viral g-protein-coupled receptor (vgpcr) critical for the initiation and progression of ks. in this study, we identified that yap/taz, two homologous oncoproteins inhibited by the hippo tumor suppressor pathway, are activated in kshv-infected cells in vitro, ks-like mouse tumors and clinical human ks specimens. the kshv-encod ...201525195862
microrna-mediated transformation by the kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus kaposin locus.the human oncogenic kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (kshv) expresses a set of ∼20 viral micrornas (mirnas). mir-k10a stands out among these mirnas because its entire stem-loop precursor overlaps the coding sequence for the kaposin (kap) a/c proteins. the ectopic expression of kapa has been reported to lead to transformation of rodent fibroblasts. however, these experiments inadvertently also introduced mir-k10a, which raises the question whether the transforming activity of the locus cou ...201525505059
a multiplex panel of plasma markers of immunity and inflammation in classical kaposi sarcoma.kaposi sarcoma (ks) risk is affected by perturbed immunity. herein, we compared plasma from 15 human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-negative classic ks cases to plasma from 29 matched controls, using a multiplex panel of immunity markers. of 70 markers, cxcl10 (ip-10), sil-1rii, sil-2ra, and ccl3 (mip-1a) were strongly and significantly associated with ks, after adjustment for age and smoking status. these and previous observations are consistent with a tumor-promoting role for these cytokines, pa ...201525149762
tocilizumab for aa amyloidosis after treatment of multicentric castleman disease with steroids, chemotherapy and rituximab for over 20 years.we herein report the long-term outcome (30 years) of a human immunodeticiency virus- and human herpesvirus 8-negative japanese man who was diagnosed to have multicentric castleman disease (mcd) of the plasmacytic type after investigation of generalized lymphadenopathy at 34 of age in 1983. he received chemotherapy based on lymphoma regimens (combinations of prednisolone, vincristine, vindesine, cyclophosphamide, etoposide, melphalan, and ranimustine, etc.) for over 20 years. although the systemi ...201526666616
human herpes virus-8-associated multicentric castleman's disease in a human immunodeficiency virus-positive patient with a previous history of kaposi's sarcoma.human herpes virus-8 (hhv-8)-associated castleman's disease (cd) is a rare non-cancerous b-cell lymphoproliferative disorder in human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-positive patients. we report a case of hhv-8-associated cd in an hiv-positive patient with a previous history of kaposi's sarcoma (ks). the patient presented with progressive splenomegaly and diffuse lymphadenopathy, which can be seen in multicentric cd, ks, and hiv-associated lymphoma. there are no reliable clinical or imaging feature ...201526664776
case report: pulmonary kaposi sarcoma in a non-hiv patient.kaposi sarcoma (ks) is an angioproliferative tumor associated with human herpes virus 8 (hhv-8).  often known as one of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids)-defining skin diseases, pulmonary involvement in ks has only been discussed in a handful of case reports, rarely in a non-hiv patient. herein we report the case of a 77 year-old- male who presented with a 6-week history of progressive dyspnea on exertion accompanied by productive cough of yellow sputum and intermittent hemoptysis. h ...201526664711
a case of kaposi sarcoma in an immunocompetent, heterosexual irish man: a discussion of etiology and viral transmission.four types of kaposi sarcoma (ks) have been described, all of which are caused by human herpesvirus-8 (hhv-8).  the incidence of ks in the united states is highest among hiv-positive homosexual men and elderly men of eastern european, jewish, or mediterranean descent. however, few reports describe ks in hiv-negative, immunocompetent heterosexual men in the united states. hhv-8 is transmitted largely via saliva and close sexual contact, whereas there are only a handful of reports of transmission ...201526632797
human immunodeficiency virus-associated primary effusion lymphoma: an exceedingly rare entity in cerebrospinal fluid.primary effusion lymphoma (pel) in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection may involve pleural, pericardial, and peritoneal cavities. pel involving the cerebrospinal fluid (csf) is exceedingly rare, and to our knowledge has only been reported in two cases. we report another case of pel diagnosed in csf from a 61-year-old male with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome that presented with neurological symptoms. imaging studies of his brain showed leptomeningeal/periventricular enh ...201526604975
taking control of castleman disease: leveraging precision medicine technologies to accelerate rare disease research.castleman disease (cd) is a rare and heterogeneous disorder characterized by lymphadenopathy that may occur in a single lymph node (unicentric) or multiple lymph nodes (multicentric), the latter typically occurring secondary to excessive proinflammatory hypercytokinemia. while a cohort of multicentric castleman disease (mcd) cases are caused by human herpes virus-8 (hhv-8), the etiology of hhv-8 negative, idiopathic mcd (imcd), remains unknown. breakthroughs in "omics" technologies that have fac ...201526604862
hsp70 isoforms are essential for the formation of kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and transcription compartments.kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (kshv) is an oncogenic herpesvirus associated with various aids-related malignancies. like other herpesviruses, multiple processes required for kshv lytic replication, including viral transcription, viral dna synthesis and capsid assembly occur in virus-induced intranuclear structures, termed replication and transcription compartments (rtcs). here we utilised a novel methodology, combining subcellular fractionation and quantitative proteomics, to identify ...201526587836
identification of viral and host proteins that interact with murine gammaherpesvirus 68 latency-associated nuclear antigen during lytic replication: a role for hsc70 in viral replication.latency-associated nuclear antigen (lana) is a conserved, multifunctional protein encoded by members of the rhadinovirus subfamily of gammaherpesviruses, including kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (kshv) and murine gammaherpesvirus 68 (mhv68). we previously demonstrated that mhv68 lana (mlana) is required for efficient lytic replication. however, mechanisms by which mlana facilitates viral replication, including interactions with cellular and viral proteins, are not known. thus, we performe ...201526581985
resveratrol induces cell death and inhibits human herpesvirus 8 replication in primary effusion lymphoma cells.resveratrol (3,4',5-trihydroxy-trans-stilbene) has been reported to inhibit proliferation of various cancer cells. however, the effects of resveratrol on the human herpesvirus 8 (hhv8) harboring primary effusion lymphoma (pel) cells remains unclear. the anti-proliferation effects and possible mechanisms of resveratrol in the hhv8 harboring pel cells were examined in this study. results showed that resveratrol induced caspase-3 activation and the formation of acidic vacuoles in the hhv8 harboring ...201526549478
kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (kshv) induces the oncogenic mir-17-92 cluster and down-regulates tgf-β signaling.kshv is a dna tumor virus that causes kaposi's sarcoma. upon kshv infection, only a limited number of latent genes are expressed. we know that kshv infection regulates host gene expression, and hypothesized that latent genes also modulate the expression of host mirnas. aberrant mirna expression contributes to the development of many types of cancer. array-based mirna profiling revealed that all six mirnas of the oncogenic mir-17-92 cluster are up-regulated in kshv infected endothelial cells. amo ...201526545119
Refresh
firstprev
12345678910...
nextlast
Displaying items 501 - 600 of 7010