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endovascular mycobacterium abscessus infection in a heart transplant recipient: a case report and review of the literature.nontuberculous mycobacteria are ubiquitous in the environment. although rarely a cause of infection in immunocompetent individuals, increased risk and severity of infection are seen in patients who are immunocompromised, such as those with solid organ transplants. in this report, we describe the first case of disseminated endovascular mycobacterium abscessus in a heart transplant recipient. a review of the literature regarding this infection in heart transplant recipients and its therapeutic opt ...201323176090
comparative drug resistance of mycobacterium abscessus and m. chelonae isolates from patients with and without cystic fibrosis in the united kingdom.the isolation of rapidly growing mycobacteria (rgm), particularly mycobacterium abscessus, from individuals with cystic fibrosis (cf) is associated with poor clinical outcome due to broad drug resistance and the difficulty of eradicating the organisms. susceptibility testing is recommended to guide therapy. a disc diffusion method is used in the united kingdom, whereas in the united states, the clsi (clinical and laboratory standards institute) recommends the broth dilution method. the purpose o ...201323135941
phagocytosis and cytokine response to rough and smooth colony variants of mycobacterium abscessus by human peripheral blood mononuclear cells.mycobacterium abscessus is a non-tuberculous mycobacteria able to cause opportunistic infections in selected patient groups. during the last decades it has emerged as a cause of chronic pulmonary infection in patients with cystic fibrosis (cf). m. abscessus strains exhibit either smooth or rough colony morphology. strains exhibiting the rough phenotype more often cause pulmonary infections in cf patients than did the smooth ones. here, we examined phagocytosis and production of cytokines by huma ...201323030647
mycobacterium abscessus induces a limited pattern of neutrophil activation that promotes pathogen survival.mycobacterium abscessus is a rapidly growing mycobacterium increasingly detected in the neutrophil-rich environment of inflamed tissues, including the cystic fibrosis airway. studies of the immune reaction to m. abscessus have focused primarily on macrophages and epithelial cells, but little is known regarding the neutrophil response despite the predominantly neutrophillic inflammation typical of these infections. in the current study, human neutrophils released less superoxide anion in response ...201323451220
pulmonary mycobacterium abscessus disease in a patient receiving low-dose methotrexate for treatment of early rheumatoid arthritis.a 70-year-old woman with methotrexate (mtx)-refractory rheumatoid arthritis (ra) was referred to our hospital for introduction of biological therapy. on high-resolution computed tomography scans, the patient exhibited abnormal findings such as bronchiectasis and centrilobular small nodules, which were highly suggestive of pulmonary nontuberculous mycobacterial (ntm) disease. although mycobacterial cultures of sputum specimens yielded negative results, cultures of bronchoalveolar lavage fluids gr ...201323430370
whole-genome shotgun sequencing of mycobacterium abscessus m156, an emerging clinical pathogen in malaysia.mycobacterium abscessus is an emerging clinical pathogen commonly associated with non-tuberculous mycobacterial infections. we report herein the draft genome of m. abscessus strain m156.201323405341
cystic fibrosis cfbe41o- cells contain tlr1 snp i602s and fail to respond to mycobacterium abscessus.mycobacterium abscessus causes lung infection in patients with cystic fibrosis. m. abscessus stimulates the host innate immune response via tlr2 on respiratory epithelial cells. signaling through tlr2 requires the formation of tlr2/tlr1 heterodimers on the cell surface.201323403223
synergistic activities of tigecycline with clarithromycin or amikacin against rapidly growing mycobacteria in taiwan.the occurrence of diseases caused by rapidly growing mycobacteria (rgm) is increasing in taiwan. in this study, the in vitro antimicrobial activities of tigecycline, minocycline, tetracycline and doxycycline were evaluated against 160 clinical rgm isolates, including 34 mycobacterium abscessus sensu stricto (s.s.), 44 mycobacterium massiliense, 1 mycobacterium bolletii, 58 mycobacterium fortuitum and 23 mycobacterium chelonae. clarithromycin and amikacin were tested alone as well as for synergis ...201323312605
mycobacterium abscessus multispacer sequence typing.mycobacterium abscessus group includes antibiotic-resistant, opportunistic mycobacteria that are responsible for sporadic cases and outbreaks of cutaneous, pulmonary and disseminated infections. however, because of their close genetic relationships, accurate discrimination between the various strains of these mycobacteria remains difficult. in this report, we describe the development of a multispacer sequence typing (mst) analysis for the simultaneous identification and typing of m. abscessus my ...201323294800
catheter-related mycobacterium abscessus bacteremia manifested with skin nodules, pneumonia, and mediastinal lymphadenopathy.although previously rare, catheter-related bloodstream infection caused by rapidly growing mycobacteria is now increasingly encountered, especially among cancer patients who have catheters implanted for chemotherapy treatments. a 73-year-old female patient with acute myeloid leukemia (aml) had mycobacterium abscessus bacteremia with manifestations of multiple skin nodules, pneumonia, and mediastinal lymphadenopathy 4 months after the implantation of a peripherally inserted central catheter (picc ...201323257257
rapid diagnosis of mycobacterium abscessus endophthalmitis.nontuberculous mycobacteria are widely distributed in the environment and have the potential to cause a wide spectrum of infections including pulmonary, bone, soft tissue or ocular infections. they are a rare cause of endophthalmitis, a potentially devastating condition, which may be acquired through contamination of water or antiseptic solutions. diagnosis is often delayed due to low clinical suspicion, resulting in poor clinical outcomes. newer laboratory techniques such as real-time pcr can b ...201323579395
whole-genome sequencing to identify transmission of mycobacterium abscessus between patients with cystic fibrosis: a retrospective cohort study.increasing numbers of individuals with cystic fibrosis are becoming infected with the multidrug-resistant non-tuberculous mycobacterium (ntm) mycobacterium abscessus, which causes progressive lung damage and is extremely challenging to treat. how this organism is acquired is not currently known, but there is growing concern that person-to-person transmission could occur. we aimed to define the mechanisms of acquisition of m abscessus in individuals with cystic fibrosis.201323541540
identification and characterization of potential therapeutic candidates in emerging human pathogen mycobacterium abscessus: a novel hierarchical in silico approach.mycobacterium abscessus, a non-tuberculous rapidly growing mycobacterium, is recognized as an emerging human pathogen causing a variety of infections ranging from skin and soft tissue infections to severe pulmonary infections. lack of an optimal treatment regimen and emergence of multi-drug resistance in clinical isolates necessitate the development of better/new drugs against this pathogen. the present study aims at identification and qualitative characterization of promising drug targets in m. ...201323527108
expansion of functional human mucosal-associated invariant t cells via reprogramming to pluripotency and redifferentiation.mucosal-associated invariant t (mait) cells play an important physiological role in host pathogen defense and may also be involved in inflammatory disorders and multiple sclerosis. the rarity and inefficient expansion of these cells have hampered detailed analysis and application. here, we report an induced pluripotent stem cell (ipsc)-based reprogramming approach for the expansion of functional mait cells. we found that human mait cells can be reprogrammed into ipscs using a sendai virus harbor ...201323523177
mycobacterial genotypes are associated with clinical manifestation and progression of lung disease caused by mycobacterium abscessus and mycobacterium massiliense.mycobacterium abscessus and mycobacterium massiliense, which cause lung disease, are variable in their clinical manifestation and progression. we hypothesized that mycobacterial genotypes represent their pathogenic phenotypes, which would result in particular genotypes being associated with disease progression.201323511298
a case of erosive polyarthritis in a patient diagnosed with a suspicion of atypical mycobacteria.in this report, we introduce a case of erosive polyarthritis in a 55-year-old female diagnosed with mycobacterium abscessus pulmonary infection. her arthritis has been worsened after use of dmards. the patient demonstrated a significant response to the antimicrobial regimen that was administered. we call special attention to the possibility of mycobacterium abscessus being a cause of reactive polyarthritis, particularly if symptoms worsened after use of disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (dma ...201324039641
insertion site and distribution of a genomic island conferring dna phosphorothioation in the mycobacterium abscessus complex.nearly half of us clinical isolates of the emerging pathogen mycobacterium abscessus were reported to exhibit smeared dna during pfge. this dna degradation (dnd) phenotype results from dna phosphorothioation, a sulfur modification found in other bacteria and conferred by dnd genes located on mobile elements. putative dnd genes are located on a 19.6 kbp genomic island (gi) in the m. abscessus type strain atcc 19977. we confirmed that atcc 19977(t) is dnd-positive by pfge and we developed a pcr as ...201324014661
whole-genome sequence of mycobacterium abscessus clinical strain v06705.infection caused by mycobacterium abscessus strains is a growing cause of concern in both community-acquired and health care-associated diseases, as these organisms naturally display multiple drug resistances. we report an annotated draft genome sequence of m. abscessus strain v06705 obtained from a patient in france.201324009121
post-operative sinus formation due to mycobacterium abscessus: a case report.mycobacterium abscessus is ubiquitously found rapidly growing mycobacteria. although it is an uncommon pathogen, it has been known to cause cutaneous infection following inoculation, minor trauma or surgery. this communication reports an immuno-competent patient developing multiple sinuses due to mycobacterium abscessus in the post- operative period.201324000496
identification and characterization of the genetic changes responsible for the characteristic smooth-to-rough morphotype alterations of clinically persistent mycobacterium abscessus.mycobacterium abscessus is an emerging pathogen that is increasingly recognized as a relevant cause of human lung infection in cystic fibrosis patients. this highly antibiotic-resistant mycobacterium is an exception within the rapidly growing mycobacteria, which are mainly saprophytic and non-pathogenic organisms. m. abscessus manifests as either a smooth (s) or a rough (r) colony morphotype, which is of clinical importance as r morphotypes are associated with more severe and persistent infectio ...201323998761
simultaneous detection of mycobacterium tuberculosis complex and nontuberculous mycobacteria in respiratory specimens.many nontuberculous mycobacteria (ntm) species have clinical significance, and the rapid and reliable identification of mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (mtbc) and ntm species is important. we evaluated the simultaneous detection of mtbc and ntm in respiratory specimens. mtbc and ntm were simultaneously detected and identified by laboratory-developed (ldt) real-time pcr, multiplex real-time pcr/melting curve analysis, rpob pcr restriction fragment length polymorphisms and the advansure mycobac ...201323988279
draft genome sequence of mycobacterium abscessus subsp. bolletii incqs 00594.an epidemic of surgical-site infections by a single strain of mycobacterium abscessus subsp. bolletii affected >1,700 patients in brazil from 2004 to 2008. the genome of the epidemic prototype strain m. abscessus subsp. bolletii incqs 00594, deposited in the collection of the national institute for health quality control (incqs), was sequenced.201324201191
correction: the detection and sequencing of a broad-host-range conjugative incp-1β plasmid in an epidemic strain of mycobacterium abscessus subsp. bolletii.[this corrects the article on p. e60746 in vol. 8.].201324116241
phylogenomics of brazilian epidemic isolates of mycobacterium abscessus subsp. bolletii reveals relationships of global outbreak strains.rapidly growing, non-tuberculous mycobacteria (ntm) in the mycobacterium abscessus (mab) species are emerging pathogens that cause various diseases including skin and respiratory infections. the species has undergone recent taxonomic nomenclature refinement, and is currently recognized as two subspecies, m. abscessus subsp. abscessus (mab-a) and m. abscessus subsp. bolletii (mab-b). the recently reported outbreaks of mab-b in surgical patients in brazil from 2004 to 2009 and in cystic fibrosis p ...201324055961
genome sequence of an epidemic isolate of mycobacterium abscessus subsp. bolletii from rio de janeiro, brazil.multiple isolates of mycobacterium abscessus subsp. bolletii, collectively called bra100, were associated with outbreaks of postsurgical skin infections across various regions of brazil from 2003 to 2009. we announce the draft genome sequence of a newly sequenced bra100 strain, m. abscessus subsp. bolletii crm-0020, isolated from a patient in rio de janeiro, brazil.201323950125
further isolation of mycobacterium abscessus subsp. abscessus and subsp. bolletii in different regions of japan and susceptibility of these isolates to antimicrobial agents.the aim of this study was to genetically analyse mycobacterium abscessus subsp. abscessus (hereafter m. abscessus) and m. abscessus subsp. bolletii (hereafter m. bolletii) isolates from six different regions of japan and to determine the antimicrobial susceptibility of these isolates. subspeciation of 143 clinical isolates of m. abscessus group was done by comparative sequence analysis of the rpob and hsp65 genes and the internal transcribed spacer (its) region. genetic analysis led to the ident ...201323850022
clinical significance of respiratory isolates for mycobacterium abscessus complex from pediatric patients.mycobacterium abscessus complex is the most virulent of rapidly growing mycobacteria causing invasive lung disease. to better delineate clinical pediatric experience and outcomes with m. abscessus complex, we retrospectively gathered 5-year data on m. abscessus complex infection and outcomes in a large, hospital-based pediatric pulmonary center. patients were selected from the database of the microbiology department at miller children's hospital in long beach, ca. patients had at least one posit ...201322833551
pulmonary disease caused by rapidly growing mycobacteria: a retrospective study of 44 cases in japan.the features of pulmonary disease caused by rapidly growing mycobacteria (rgm) have not been sufficiently documented.201322890130
inhaled therapies, azithromycin and mycobacterium abscessus in cystic fibrosis patients.cystic fibrosis (cf) patients are at particularly high risk of developing lung disease caused by mycobacterium abscessus complex (mabsc). over the last 10 years, changes in cf treatment, with increasing use of inhaled therapies and low-dose azithromycin, have been accompanied by an increase in the prevalence of mabsc infections in cf patients. there is therefore some concern about the role of new cf treatments in the emergence of mabsc infections. we addressed this issue by means of a case-contr ...201322936714
tender cutaneous nodules of the legs: diagnosis and clinical clues to diagnosis."tender cutaneous nodules of the legs" is a common manifestation in dermatology. histopathological investigation is usually required for this condition, because clinical data are frequently insufficient to make a definite diagnosis.201322928517
mycobacterium avium and mycobacterium abscessus complex target distinct cystic fibrosis patient subpopulations.clinical observations suggest that mycobacterium avium complex (mac) and mycobacterium abscessus complex (mabsc) may affect cystic fibrosis (cf) patients with different characteristics and risk factors, but this has never been demonstrated within a single prospective cohort.201322857820
vertebral osteomyelitis caused by mycobacterium abscessus.mycobacterium infection caused by non-tuberculous mycobacterial (ntbm) organisms is becoming more common. although ntbm osteomyelitis is unusual, it can occur in otherwise healthy individuals, but it is also associated with immunocompromised states, such as steroidal therapy and aids, and may be observed following trauma. mycobacterium avium is reported to be the most common causative agent, and mycobacterium abscessus has only been described in two cases. we report the case of a 44-year-old man ...201323925676
standardization of multilocus sequence typing scheme for mycobacterium abscessus and mycobacterium massiliense.this study aims to develop a multilocus sequence typing (mlst) scheme for mycobacterium abscessus complex for the typing of stains within each species. a total of 89 clinical isolates of m. abscessus complex from 71 patients of 2 tertiary care hospitals in south korea were included. forty-two isolates were identified as m. abscessus, and 29, as mycobacterium massiliense through sequencing of 8 housekeeping genes and rpob. the mlst scheme identified 26 different sequence types(sts) and 13 differe ...201323891467
mycobacterium abscessus peritonitis associated with laparoscopic gastric banding.mycobacterium abscessus is a rapidly growing mycobacterium that is a common water contaminant in the environment. we report a case of m. abscessus infection with band erosion following laparoscopic gastric banding.201323855515
mab_3168c, a putative acetyltransferase, enhances adherence, intracellular survival and antimicrobial resistance of mycobacterium abscessus.mycobacterium abscessus is a non-tuberculous mycobacterium. it can cause diseases in both immunosuppressed and immunocompetent patients and is highly resistant to multiple antimicrobial agents. m. abscessus displays two different colony morphology types: smooth and rough morphotypes. cells with a rough morphotype are more virulent. the purpose of this study was to identify genes responsible for m. abscessus morphotype switching. with transposon mutagenesis, a mutant with a tn5 inserted into the ...201323840740
potentiation of high hydrostatic pressure inactivation of mycobacterium by combination with physical and chemical conditions.mycobacterium abscessus is an important hospital-acquired pathogen involved in infections associated with medical, surgical, and biopharmaceutical materials. in this work, we investigated the pressure-induced inactivation of two strains [2544 and american type culture collection (atcc) 19977] of m. abscessus in combination with different temperatures and ph conditions. for strain 2544, exposure to 250 mpa for 90 min did not significantly inactivate the bacteria at 20 °c, whereas at -15 °c, there ...201323836348
complete genome sequence of mycobacterium massiliense clinical strain asan 50594, belonging to the type ii genotype.we report the complete genome sequence of the mycobacterium massiliense clinical strain asan 50594, which was grouped into the m. massiliense type ii genotype, isolated from a korean patient. this genome sequence will serve as a valuable reference for understanding the disparity in virulence and epidemiological traits between strains belonging to the mycobacterium abscessus complex.201323833135
drosophila melanogaster model for mycobacterium abscessus infection.mycobacterium abscessus is a human pathogen that is responsible for a broad spectrum of tissue infections and disseminated infections in immunodeficient patients. this pathogen is one of the most resistant organisms to chemotherapeutic agents. therefore, we tested the hypothesis that the fruit fly, drosophila melanogaster, is a genetically tractable model host for m. abscessus. in this context, we infected d. melanogaster with m. abscessus. this m. abscessus infection results in dissemination in ...201323831804
thoracic empyema and bacteremia due to mycobacterium abscessus in a patient with liver cirrhosis.empyema thoracis with concomitant bacteremia caused by nontuberculous mycobacterium is rare. herein, we report a case of disseminated mycobacterium abscessus in a patient with liver cirrhosis and diabetes mellitus. m. abscessus was isolated from the specimen of pleural fluid and blood. the patients clinical condition gradually improved after antibiotic use and drainage.201323831159
nontuberculous mycobacteria in respiratory samples from patients with pulmonary tuberculosis in the state of rondônia, brazil.the main cause of pulmonary tuberculosis (tb) is infection with mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb). we aimed to evaluate the contribution of nontuberculous mycobacteria (ntm) to pulmonary disease in patients from the state of rondônia using respiratory samples and epidemiological data from tb cases. mycobacterium isolates were identified using a combination of conventional tests, polymerase chain reaction-based restriction enzyme analysis of hsp65 gene and hsp65 gene sequencing. among the 1,812 ca ...201323827995
mycobacterium abscessus bacteremia after receipt of intravenous infusate of cytokine-induced killer cell therapy for body beautification and health boosting.we report the first series of mycobacterium abscessus bacteremia after cytokine-induced killer cell therapy for body beautification and health boosting.201323825355
lung transplantation for cystic fibrosis and bronchiectasis.lung transplantation has become an excellent treatment option for patients with cystic fibrosis (cf) and bronchiectasis with very advanced lung disease. despite the challenges that the cf patients present, survival is more favorable than that seen in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and pulmonary fibrosis. although those cf and bronchiectasis patients with severe respiratory disease are often infected with organisms that display in vitro resistance to the commonly used antibio ...201323821505
recent advances in tuberculosis and nontuberculous mycobacteria lung disease.tuberculosis (tb) is one of the largest health problems in the world today. and the incidence of nontuberculous mycobacteria (ntm) lung disease appears to be increasing worldwide. recently, an automated, nucleic acid amplification assay for the rapid detection of both mycobacterium tuberculosis and rifampin resistance was developed (xpert mtb/rif). and fixed-dose combinations of anti-tb drugs and linezolid have been introduced in the treatment of tb. and new ntm species, named mycobacterium mass ...201323814596
new rapid scheme for distinguishing the subspecies of the mycobacterium abscessus group and identifying mycobacterium massiliense isolates with inducible clarithromycin resistance.mycobacterium abscessus (m. abscessus sensu lato, or the m. abscessus group) comprises three closely related taxa whose taxonomic statuses are under revision, i.e., m. abscessus sensu stricto, mycobacterium bolletii, and mycobacterium massiliense. we describe here a simple, robust, and cost-effective pcr-based method for distinguishing among m. abscessus, m. massiliense, and m. bolletii. based on the m. abscessus atcc 19977(t) genome, regions that discriminated between m. abscessus and m. massil ...201323804391
adherence and biofilm formation of mycobacterium avium, mycobacterium intracellulare and mycobacterium abscessus to household plumbing materials.measure adherence and biofilm formation by cells of mycobacterium avium, mycobacterium intracellulare and mycobacterium abscessus on common household plumbing materials namely stainless steel, glass, zinc-galvanized steel, copper and polyvinyl chloride (pvc).201323742161
serodiagnosis of mycobacterium avium complex and mycobacterium abscessus complex pulmonary disease by use of iga antibodies to glycopeptidolipid core antigen.an enzyme immunoassay kit that detects serum iga antibody reacting to glycopeptidolipid core antigen derived from mycobacterium avium complex (mac) was not useful for differentiating mac pulmonary disease (pd) from mycobacterium abscessus complex pd (mab-pd). however, this assay could be useful for differentiating mac- and mab-pd from pulmonary tuberculosis. (this study has been registered at clinicaltrials.gov under registration no. nct00970801.).201323740728
emergence of clinically relevant non-tuberculous mycobacterial infections in saudi arabia.non-tuberculous mycobacteria (ntm) are emerging around the world due to a higher prevalence of immunosuppressive illness and therapy. saudi arabia is not an exception as there have been novel mycobacterial species also identified. in addition, several published case reports from different parts of the country suggest a growing pathogenic potential of ntm. as the first nationwide study, we sought to gain an insight into the species diversity of ntm clinical isolates.201323738024
catheter related infection due to mycobacterium abscessus in a patient under peritoneal dialysis. 201323735153
extrapulmonary infections caused by a dominant strain of mycobacterium massiliense (mycobacterium abscessus subspecies bolletii).a single strain of mycobacterium massiliense (bra 100), a subspecies of the mycobacterium abscessus complex, has been responsible for an epidemic of post-surgical infections in brazil. outside brazil, this is the first report to describe a single emerging strain of m. massiliense (tpe 101) associated with extrapulmonary infections. this phenomenon may be underestimated because sophisticated molecular typing of m. abscessus is not routinely performed. our molecular epidemiology study was triggere ...201323718188
epidemiology and outcomes of deep surgical site infections following lung transplantation.we conducted a retrospective study of deep surgical site infections (ssis) among consecutive patients who underwent lung transplantation (ltx) at a single center from 2006 through 2010. thirty-one patients (5%) developed ssis at median 25 days after ltx. empyema was most common (42%), followed by surgical wound infections (29%), mediastinitis (16%), sternal osteomyelitis (6%), and pericarditis (6%). pathogens included gram-positive bacteria (41%), gram-negative bacteria (41%), fungi (10%) and my ...201323710593
lung transplant outcomes in cystic fibrosis patients with pre-operative mycobacterium abscessus respiratory infections.mycobacterium abscessus in cystic fibrosis (cf) patients is considered a contraindication to lung transplantation. we examine the post-transplant outcomes of cf patients with m. abscessus pre-transplant.201323710571
mycobacterium abscessus isolated from municipal water - a potential source of human infection.mycobacterium abscessus is a rapidly growing mycobacterium responsible for progressive pulmonary disease, soft tissue and wound infections. the incidence of disease due to m. abscessus has been increasing in queensland. in a study of brisbane drinking water, m. abscessus was isolated from ten different locations.the aim of this study was to compare genotypically the m. abscessus isolates obtained from water to those obtained from human clinical specimens.201323705674
cutaneous inoculation of nontuberculous mycobacteria during professional tattooing: a case series and epidemiologic study.the increase in popularity of tattoos has coincided with an increase in reports of cutaneous inoculation of nontuberculous (atypical) mycobacteria (ntm) during the tattooing process. we report 3 ntm infections in otherwise healthy persons who received tattoos, which prompted a multiagency epidemiologic investigation.201323704119
molecular longitudinal tracking of mycobacterium abscessus spp. during chronic infection of the human lung.the mycobacterium abscessus complex is an emerging cause of chronic pulmonary infection in patients with underlying lung disease. the m. abscessus complex is regarded as an environmental pathogen but its molecular adaptation to the human lung during long-term infection is poorly understood. here we carried out a longitudinal molecular epidemiological analysis of 178 m. abscessus spp. isolates obtained from 10 cystic fibrosis (cf) and 2 non cf patients over a 13 year period. multi-locus sequence ...201323696800
clinical isolates of mycobacterium abscessus in guangzhou area most possibly from the environmental infection showed variable susceptibility.mycobacterium abscessus (m. abscessus) can cause a variety of human infections, involving the lung, skin and soft tissues, and is generally believed to be acquired from environmental sources. the aim of this study was to investigate the molecular diversity and antibiotic susceptibility of m. abscessus isolates as the basis for strategies to improve control and management of infection.201323673103
[new light on the contagiousness of mycobacterium abscessus]. 201323659159
mabsbase: a mycobacterium abscessus genome and annotation database.mycobacterium abscessus is a rapidly growing non-tuberculous mycobacterial species that has been associated with a wide spectrum of human infections. as the classification and biology of this organism is still not well understood, comparative genomic analysis on members of this species may provide further insights on their taxonomy, phylogeny, pathogenicity and other information that may contribute to better management of infections. the mabsbase described in this paper is a user-friendly databa ...201323658631
transition metal-α-amino acid complexes with antibiotic activity against mycobacterium spp.synthetic iridium-, rhodium-, and ruthenium-amino acid complexes with hydrophobic l-amino acids have antibiotic activity against mycobacterium spp., including mycobacterium bovis bcg and the rapidly growing species mycobacterium abscessus and mycobacterium chelonae. concentrations of transition metal-amino acid complexes demonstrating hemolysis or cytotoxicity were 10- to 25-fold higher than were the mics.201323650159
paediatric lung transplant outcomes vary with mycobacterium abscessus complex species. 201323633613
nontuberculous mycobacterial infection after fractionated co(2) laser resurfacing.nontuberculous mycobacteria are increasingly associated with cutaneous infections after cosmetic procedures. fractionated co2 resurfacing, a widely used technique for photorejuvenation, has been associated with a more favorable side effect profile than alternative procedures. we describe 2 cases of nontuberculous mycobacterial infection after treatment with a fractionated co2 laser at a private clinic. densely distributed erythematous papules and pustules developed within the treated area within ...201323628077
nontuberculous mycobacteria: the changing epidemiology and treatment challenges in cystic fibrosis.although patients with cystic fibrosis (cf) face numerous infectious pathogens over the course of their lifespan, increasing attention has recently been paid to nontuberculous mycobacteria (ntm). as reported prevalence rates rise across many countries such as the united states, the ability to recognize disease caused by ntm and subsequently treat such disease has become increasingly important. this review summarizes new observations on the epidemiology of ntm in cf as well as key elements to con ...201324048085
[drug sensitivity analysis of mycobacterium chelonae and mycobacterium abscessus and evaluation of etest for susceptibility testing].to study the drug resistance profile of mycobacterium(m.) chelonae and m.abscessus and to evaluate the clinical application of etest(epsilometer test) for susceptibility testing.201324252731
mycobacterium abscessus scleritis following intravitreous injection of bevacizumab. 201324151651
drug treatment of pulmonary nontuberculous mycobacterial disease in hiv-negative patients: the evidence.pulmonary disease (pd) caused by nontuberculous mycobacteria is an emerging infection mainly in countries where the incidence of tuberculosis is in decline. it affects an elderly population, often with underlying chronic lung diseases, but its epidemiology shows significant regional variation. guidelines and recommendations for treatment of these infections exist, but build strongly on expert opinion, as very few good quality clinical trials have been performed in this field. only for the most f ...201324124798
bronchopleural fistula following m. abscessus infection 11 years after lobectomy for lung cancer.bronchopleural fistula (bpf) is a potentially fatal complication of lung cancer resection surgery that occurs during the healing process of the bronchial stump. however, the vulnerability of the healed surgical wound to overlapping acquired airway destruction has not yet been determined in detail. we herein present a case of fatal bpf following mycobacterium abscessus (m. abscessus) infection, which occurred 11 years after right upper lobectomy for lung cancer. the findings of the present study ...201324255862
recent progress towards understanding genetic variation in the mycobacterium abscessus complex.mycobacterium abscessus is an emerging cause of respiratory disease and soft tissue infections. whole genome sequencing and other molecular approaches are enhancing our understanding of outbreaks, antibiotic resistance mechanisms, and virulence properties, and of the phylogeny of the m. abscessus complex. infection models are providing further insights into factors such as colony phenotype that impact host-pathogen interactions. this paper reviews recent developments in our understanding of gene ...201324388643
antimicrobial susceptibility of standard strains of nontuberculous mycobacteria by microplate alamar blue assay.in this study, 24 standard nontuberculous mycobacteria (ntm) species strains including 12 slowly growing mycobacteria strains and 12 rapidly growing mycobacteria strains were subjected to drug susceptibility testing using microplate alamar blue assay-based 7h9 broth. the most active antimicrobial agents against the 24 ntm strains were streptomycin, amikacin, the fluoroquinolones, and the tetracyclines. mycobacterium chelonae, mycobacterium abscessus, mycobacterium bolletii, and mycobacterium sim ...201324386332
increasing recovery of nontuberculous mycobacteria from respiratory specimens over a 10-year period in a tertiary referral hospital in south korea.the number of patients with pulmonary disease caused by nontuberculous mycobacteria (ntm) has been increasing worldwide. the aim of this study was to evaluate long-term trends in the ntm recovery rate from respiratory specimens over a 10-year period in a tertiary referral hospital in south korea.201324348667
rough colony morphology of mycobacterium massiliense type ii genotype is due to the deletion of glycopeptidolipid locus within its genome.recently, we introduced the complete genome sequence of mycobacterium massiliense clinical isolates, asan 50594 belonging to type ii genotype with rough colony morphology. here, to address the issue of whether the rough colony morphotype of m. massiliense type ii genotype is genetically determined or not, we compared polymorphisms of the glycopeptidolipid (gpl) gene locus between m. massiliense type ii asan 50594 and other rapidly growing mycobacteria (rgm) strains via analysis of genome databas ...201324341808
a phylogenomic approach to bacterial subspecies classification: proof of concept in mycobacterium abscessus.mycobacterium abscessus is a rapidly growing mycobacterium that is often associated with human infections. the taxonomy of this species has undergone several revisions and is still being debated. in this study, we sequenced the genomes of 12 m. abscessus strains and used phylogenomic analysis to perform subspecies classification.201324330254
the genome sequence of 'mycobacterium massiliense' strain cip 108297 suggests the independent taxonomic status of the mycobacterium abscessus complex at the subspecies level.members of the mycobacterium abscessus complex are rapidly growing mycobacteria that are emerging as human pathogens. the m. abscessus complex was previously composed of three species, namely m. abscessus sensu stricto, 'm. massiliense', and 'm. bolletii'. in 2011, 'm. massiliense' and 'm. bolletii' were united and reclassified as a single subspecies within m. abscessus: m. abscessus subsp. bolletii. however, the placement of 'm. massiliense' within the boundary of m. abscessus subsp. bolletii r ...201324312320
[a clinical study of pulmonary mycobacterium abscessus infection].pulmonary mycobacterium abscessus infection is resistant to many antibiotics and is difficult to treat. we retrospectively analyzed the clinical characteristics of pulmonary infection due to m. abscessus. eleven cases diagnosed as having pulmonary m. abscessus infection at osaka red cross hospital from january. 2008, to june, 2012 were enrolled in this study. the average age of the 11 cases was 63 years (all were females). nine cases showed underlying diseases, comprising 5 cases with mycobacter ...201324483019
[mycobacterium abscessus group lung disease: case reports and review of the literature].to analyze the clinical manifestations and efficacy of a combination antibiotic therapy including cefoxitin for mycobacterium abscessus (m.abscessus) group lung disease.201324423821
mycobacterium abscessus - to treat or not to treat.a patient with mycobacterium abscessus lung disease was mistaken to have pulmonary tuberculosis with airway colonization by the non-tuberculous mycobacterium. appropriate antibiotics were only given when the patient's signs and symptoms worsened while on anti-tuberculosis therapy. despite treatment with a combination of antibiotics showing in vitro susceptibility, the pathogen persisted in the respiratory secretions for longer than 6 months and the patient suffered a spontaneous pneumothorax 14 ...201325473536
selected insights from application of whole-genome sequencing for outbreak investigations.the advent of high-throughput whole-genome sequencing has the potential to revolutionize the conduct of outbreak investigation. because of its ultimate resolution power for differentiating between closely related pathogen strains, whole-genome sequencing could augment the traditional epidemiologic investigations of infectious disease outbreaks.201323856896
patients with inhibitory and neutralizing auto-antibodies to interferon-γ resemble the sporadic adult-onset phenotype of mendelian susceptibility to mycobacterial disease (msmd) lacking bacille calmette-guerin (bcg)-induced diseases.to recognize patients with inhibitory and neutralizing auto-antibodies to interferon-γ (autoabs-ifn-γ) presenting with the sporadic phenotype of mendelian susceptibility to mycobacterial disease (msmd) mainly characterized by recurrent intracellular mycobacterium or/and salmonella infections, we comprehensively investigated il12/23-ifn-γ signaling, candidate genetic sequencings or/and protein expressions of il12rb1, ifnrg1, il12p40, ifnrg2, stat1, ikka, nemo, cybb and irf8 in four patients. thei ...201323083630
b-cell lymphoma in a patient with complete interferon gamma receptor 1 deficiency.immunosuppression-associated lymphoproliferative disorders can be related to primary as well as acquired immune disorders. interferon gamma receptor (ifn-γr) deficiency is a rare primary immune disorder, characterized by increased susceptibility to mycobacterial infections. here we report the first case of an epstein barr virus (ebv) related b-cell lymphoma in a patient with complete ifn-γr1 deficiency. the patient was a 20-year-old man with homozygous 22cdel in ifngr1 resulting in complete abse ...201323800860
the first structure of a mycobacteriophage, the mycobacterium abscessus subsp. bolletii phage araucaria.the unique characteristics of the waxy mycobacterial cell wall raise questions about specific structural features of their bacteriophages. no structure of any mycobacteriophage is available, although ∼3,500 have been described to date. to fill this gap, we embarked in a genomic and structural study of a bacteriophage from mycobacterium abscessus subsp. bolletii, a member of the mycobacterium abscessus group. this opportunistic pathogen is responsible for respiratory tract infections in patients ...201323678183
heterologous expression of mycobacterial esx complexes in escherichia coli for structural studies is facilitated by the use of maltose binding protein fusions.the expression of heteroligomeric protein complexes for structural studies often requires a special coexpression strategy. the reason is that the solubility and proper folding of each subunit of the complex requires physical association with other subunits of the complex. the genomes of pathogenic mycobacteria encode many small protein complexes, implicated in bacterial fitness and pathogenicity, whose characterization may be further complicated by insolubility upon expression in escherichia col ...201324312350
the detection and sequencing of a broad-host-range conjugative incp-1β plasmid in an epidemic strain of mycobacterium abscessus subsp. bolletii.an extended outbreak of mycobacterial surgical infections occurred in brazil during 2004-2008. most infections were caused by a single strain of mycobacterium abscessus subsp. bolletii, which was characterized by a specific rpob sequevar and two highly similar pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge) patterns differentiated by the presence of a ∼50 kb band. the nature of this band was investigated.201323565273
advantages of using matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry as a rapid diagnostic tool for identification of yeasts and mycobacteria in the clinical microbiological laboratory.yeast and mycobacteria can cause infections in immunocompromised patients and normal hosts. the rapid identification of these organisms can significantly improve patient care. there has been an increasing number of studies on using matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (maldi-tof ms) for rapid yeast and mycobacterial identifications. however, studies on direct comparisons between the bruker biotyper and biomérieux vitek ms systems for the identification of ...201324048537
non-tuberculous mycobacteria and their surface lipids efficiently induced il-17 production in human t cells.interleukin-17 (il-17) is produced by a subset of cd4(+) t helper (th) lymphocytes known as th17 cells. in humans, il-1β, enhanced by il-6 and il-23 is crucial for differentiation of these cells. il-17 evokes inflammation and is involved in host defence against microorganisms, although little is known about its role in diseases caused by non-tuberculous mycobacteria. the genus mycobacterium contains both obligate and opportunistic pathogens as well as saprophytes, and the mycobacterial cell enve ...201222939918
the surface lipids of non-tuberculous mycobacteria suppress production of phagocyte activating cytokines in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells.the genus mycobacterium includes obligate pathogens as well as opportunistic and non-pathogenic species ubiquitous in the environment. mycobacteria have a unique cell wall abundant in lipids. here we investigated cytokine production by human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmc) in response to the opportunistic mycobacteria mycobacterium avium and mycobacterium abscessus, the non-pathogenic mycobacterium gordonae and extracted surface lipids from the three species. the cytokine response elic ...201222497872
risk factors for mycobacterium abscessus infection in cystic fibrosis patients; a case-control study.mycobacterium abscessus is a nontuberculous mycobacterium that is increasingly recognized as an opportunistic pathogen in cystic fibrosis (cf) patients. factors that predispose cf patients to infection by this environmental bacterium remain unknown. in a case-control study of 22 cf patients with m. abscessus infection and 22 cf controls, we investigated risk factors for mab infection as well as the positioning of mab infection in relation to the other pathogens infecting cf patients. no clear ri ...201222342403
in vitro activity of tp-271 against mycobacterium abscessus, mycobacterium fortuitum, and nocardia species.the in vitro activities of tp-271, a novel fluorocycline antimicrobial, against 22 isolates of mycobacterium abscessus, 22 isolates of mycobacterium fortuitum, and 19 isolates of nocardia spp. were studied by a microtiter broth dilution method. the mic(90)s for m. abscessus, m. fortuitum, and nocardia spp. were 0.5 μg/ml, 0.03 μg/ml, and 8 μg/ml, respectively. tp-271 was significantly more active than the respective control drug in virtually all tests.201222585214
the antibiotic resistance arrow of time: efflux pump induction is a general first step in the evolution of mycobacterial drug resistance.we hypothesize that low-level efflux pump expression is the first step in the development of high-level drug resistance in mycobacteria. we performed 28-day azithromycin dose-effect and dose-scheduling studies in our hollow-fiber model of disseminated mycobacterium avium-m. intracellulare complex. both microbial kill and resistance emergence were most closely linked to the within-macrophage area under the concentration-time curve (auc)/mic ratio. quantitative pcr revealed that subtherapeutic azi ...201222751536
CNS infections caused by Mycobacterium abscessus complex: clinical features and antimicrobial susceptibilities of isolates.Objectives CNS infections caused by non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are rare and only three cases of CNS infections due to Mycobacterium abscessus complex have been reported. Methods We searched the Mycobacteriology Database of the National Taiwan University Hospital and identified patients with CNS infections due to NTM. Results A total of 15 patients, namely 4 HIV-seropositive patients and 11 HIV-seronegative patients, with CNS infections caused by NTM were identified during 2000-10. All ...201221980068
Whole-Genome Sequence of the Emerging Pathogen Mycobacterium abscessus Strain 47J26.Mycobacterium abscessus is a rapidly growing environmental mycobacterium commonly found in soil and water which is often also associated with infections in humans, particularly of the lung. We report herein the draft genome sequence of M. abscessus strain 47J26.201222207751
comment on: identification of antimicrobial activity among fda-approved drugs for combating mycobacterium abscessus and mycobacterium chelonae. 201221984744
Phenotypic and molecular characterization of quinolone resistance in Mycobacterium abscessus subsp. bolletii recovered from postsurgical infections.Several outbreaks of infections caused by rapidly growing mycobacteria (RGM) were reported in many Brazilian states (2032 notified cases) from 2004 to 2010. Most of the confirmed cases were mainly associated with Mycobacterium massiliense (recently renamed as Mycobacterium abscessus subsp. bolletii) BRA100 clone, recovered from patients who had undergone invasive procedures in which medical instruments had not been properly sterilized and/or disinfected. Since quinolones have been an option for ...201221903825
respiratory outbreak of mycobacterium abscessus subspecies massiliense in a lung transplant and cystic fibrosis center. 201222246710
cord-forming mycobacteria induce dna meshwork formation by human peripheral blood mononuclear cells.mononuclear phagocytes, that is, monocytes and macrophages, are central in the defense against mycobacteria. mycobacterium abscessus is an opportunistic mycobacterial species able to cause chronic pulmonary infections in patients with cystic fibrosis but also soft tissue infections in immunocompetent individuals. pathogenic isolates of m. abscessus with rough colony morphology form cord-like aggregates. in this study, we investigated the in vitro response of human peripheral blood mononuclear ce ...201223620120
mycobacteriosis in zebrafish colonies.mycobacteriosis, a chronic bacterial infection, has been associated with severe losses in some zebrafish facilities and low-level mortalities and unknown impacts in others. the occurrence of at least six different described species (mycobacterium abscessus, m. chelonae, m. fortuitum, m. haemophilum, m. marinum, m. peregrinum) from zebrafish complicates diagnosis and control because each species is unique. as a generalization, mycobacteria are often considered opportunists, but m. haemophilum and ...201223382341
rapid tests for the detection of the mycobacterium abscessus subsp. bolletii strain responsible for an epidemic of surgical-site infections in brazil.a single strain of mycobacterium abscessus subsp. bolletii, characterised by a particular rpob sequevar and two highly related pulsed field gel electrophoresis patterns has been responsible for a nationwide outbreak of surgical infections in brazil since 2004. in this study, we developed molecular tests based on polymerase chain reaction restriction-enzyme analysis (pra) and sequencing for the rapid identification of this strain. sequences of 15 dna regions conserved in mycobacteria were retriev ...201223295745
mycobacterium abscessus pneumonia in an atlantic bottlenose dolphin (tursiops truncatus).mycobacterium abscessus pneumonia was diagnosed antemortem in a 23-yr-old male atlantic bottlenose dolphin (tursiops truncatus). clinical signs included lethargy, hyporexia, coughing, and bloody respiratory discharge. diagnostic findings included neutrophilic leukocytosis, anemia, elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and repeated forceful exhaled breath (sputum) cytology, with acute inflammatory cells and acid-fast positive beaded rods. the bacteria were initially identified free in the sput ...201223272373
nontuberculous mycobacterial disease is not a contraindication to lung transplantation in patients with cystic fibrosis: a retrospective analysis in a danish patient population.whether nontuberculous mycobacterial (ntm) disease is a contraindication to lung transplantation remains controversial. we conducted a nationwide study to evaluate the clinical importance of ntm infection among lung transplant patients with cystic fibrosis (cf) in denmark and to determine if ntm infection poses a contraindication to lung transplantation. all cf patients with current or prior ntm who had undergone lung transplantation were identified. out of 52 lung transplant patients with cf 9 ...201223267788
successful treatment with chemotherapy and corticosteroids of pulmonary mycobacterium abscessus infection accompanied by pleural effusion.we describe a 50-year-old woman with rapidly progressive pulmonary mycobacterium abscessus (m. abscessus) infection accompanied by pleural effusion and organizing pneumonia (op). ct scan showed consolidation, centrilobular shadows, ground-glass opacity (ggo), and cavities. a transbronchial lung biopsy showed nonnecrotizing granuloma surrounded by infiltrative lymphocyte-dominant inflammatory cells, and lymphocytes in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (balf) were increased. we considered op occurred s ...201223263189
environmental effects on protection against mycobacterium tuberculosis after immunization with ad85a.previously we have shown that intradermal (i.d.) immunization with a recombinant adenovirus expressing antigen 85a (ad85a) induced a strong splenic cd8t cell response in balb/c mice but a weak lung immune response and did not protect mice against challenge with mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb). after moving to a new animal house, the same i.d. immunization induced a strong lung immune response and the mice were protected against mtb challenge. increased numbers of antigen 85a-specific cd8 cells ...201223262169
acquisition of clarithromycin resistance mutations in the 23s rrna gene of mycobacterium abscessus in the presence of inducible erm(41).antibiotic therapy of pulmonary mycobacterium abscessus infection is based on a combination treatment including clarithromycin. recent data demonstrated that m. abscessus may carry a chromosomal, inducible erm gene coding for the ribosomal methylase erm(41). the purpose of this study was to investigate whether in patients with chronic m. abscessus infection undergoing clarithromycin therapy, m. abscessus acquires clarithromycin resistance mutations in the rrl gene in addition to the presence of ...201222833642
clinical and microbiological differences between mycobacterium abscessus and mycobacterium massiliense lung diseases.in recent years, many novel nontuberculous mycobacterial species have been discovered through genetic analysis. mycobacterium massiliense and m. bolletii have recently been identified as species separate from m. abscessus. however, little is known regarding their clinical and microbiological differences in japan. we performed a molecular identification of stored m. abscessus clinical isolates for further identification. we compared clinical characteristics, radiological findings, microbiological ...201222915613
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