Publications

TitleAbstractYear(sorted descending)
Filter
PMID
Filter
modulation of host immunity by human respiratory syncytial virus virulence factors: a synergic inhibition of both innate and adaptive immunity.the human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv) is a major cause of acute lower respiratory tract infections (artis) and high rates of hospitalizations in children and in the elderly worldwide. symptoms of hrsv infection include bronchiolitis and pneumonia. the lung pathology observed during hrsv infection is due in part to an exacerbated host immune response, characterized by immune cell infiltration to the lungs. hrsv is an enveloped virus, a member of the pneumoviridae family, with a non-segment ...201728861397
viral bronchiolitis in young infants: new perspectives for management and treatment.the aim of this review was to address advances in management and treatment of acute viral bronchiolitis in infants.201728859915
determining the seasonality of respiratory syncytial virus in the united states: the impact of increased molecular testing.in the united states, the seasonality of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) has traditionally been defined on the basis of weeks during which antigen-based tests detect rsv in >10% of specimens (hereafter, the "10% threshold"). because molecular testing has become more widely used, we explored the extent of polymerase chain reaction (pcr)-based rsv testing and its impact on determining the seasonality of rsv.201728859428
respiratory syncytial virus infection influences tight junction integrity.background respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is an important risk factor of asthma development and is responsible for severe respiratory tract infections. however, the influence of rsv infection on barrier function of bronchial epithelial cells in vitro and in vivo is still unclear. objective the aim of this study was to analyze the role of rsv in tight junction (tj) regulation and to compare epithelial integrity between asthmatic and healthy individuals upon rsv infection. methods healthy and a ...201728856667
soluble f proteins exacerbate pulmonary histopathology after vaccination upon respiratory syncytial virus challenge but not when presented on virus-like particles.respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) fusion (f) protein is suggested to be a protective vaccine target although its efficacy and safety concerns remain not well understood. we investigated immunogenicity, efficacy, and safety of f proteins in a soluble form or on virus-like particle (f-vlp). f vlp preferentially elicited igg2a antibody and t helper type 1 (th1) immune responses whereas f protein induced igg1 isotype and th2 responses. despite lung viral clearance after prime or prime-boost and then ...201728854003
virus-like particle vaccine primes immune responses preventing inactivated-virus vaccine-enhanced disease against respiratory syncytial virus.formalin inactivated respiratory syncytial virus (fi-rsv) vaccination caused vaccine-enhanced respiratory disease (erd) upon exposure to rsv in children. virus-like particles presenting rsv f fusion protein (f vlp) are known to increase t helper type-1 (th1) immune responses and avoid erd in animal models. we hypothesized that f vlp would prime immune responses preventing erd upon subsequent exposure to erd-prone fi-rsv. here, we demonstrated that heterologous f vlp priming and fi-rsv boosting o ...201728846899
a49 molecular evolutionary dynamics of respiratory syncytial virus group a in recurrent epidemics in coastal kenya. 201728845262
detection of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) at birth in a newborn with respiratory distress.respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the most common respiratory pathogen in infants and young children. from the nasopharyngeal or conjunctival mucosa of infected individuals, rsv spreads to the lower respiratory tract causing acute bronchiolitis and pneumonia after an incubation period of 4-6 days. in addition to its well-documented tropism for the airway epithelium, it has been shown previously that rsv can also spread hematogenously and efficiently infect extrapulmonary tissues of human host ...201728834426
pneumopericardium, pneumomediastinum, and pneumorrachis complicating acute respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis in children.we report 2 children with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection complicated with spontaneous pneumopericardium (pp) and pneumomediastinum (pm), one also associated with pneumorrhachis (pr).201728829494
intranasal immunization with a single dose of the fusion protein formulated with a combination adjuvant induces long-term protective immunity against respiratory syncytial virus.respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the most common cause of respiratory tract infections in both children and elderly people. in this study we evaluated the short- and long-term protective efficacy of a single intranasal (in) immunization with a rsv vaccine formulation consisting of a codon-optimized fusion (f) protein formulated with poly(i:c), an innate defense regulator peptide and a polyphosphazene (δf/triadj). this vaccine induced strong systemic and local immune responses, including rsv ...201728825870
the crucial role of maternal care providers as vaccinators for pregnant women.vaccination during pregnancy is increasingly being recognised internationally a useful means of preventing illness in pregnant women and their newborns. it has been used since the 1960s, when it was found that tetanus vaccine was highly effective in preventing neonatal tetanus, but interest has greatly increased over the last few years. as new data become available showing the numerous benefits of maternal immunisation and its potential for improving maternal and neonatal health in relation to a ...201728822646
[molecular biological and clinical characteristics of respiratory syncytial virus in children with bronchiolitis].objective: to investigate the clinical characteristics of respiratory syncytial virus(rsv)bronchiolitis and molecular biological characteristics of rsv in children in beijing. method: in a systematic retrospective study, 2 296 nasopharyngeal aspirates (npa) were collected from children diagnosed with bronchiolitis from july 2006 to june 2016 for respiratory virus screening using direct immunofluorescence assay (dfa). for specimens positive for rsv, subgroup a or b was confirmed by real time rt-p ...201728822433
qingkailing injection () for treatment of children pneumonia induced by respiratory syncytial virus: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.to evaluate the efficacy and safety of qingkailing injection (, qkl) for treatment of children pneumonia caused by respiratory syncytial virus (rsv).201728819777
[lower lymphocyte response in severe cases of acute bronchiolitis due to respiratory syncytial virus].acute bronchiolitis (ab) of the infant has a serious outcome in 6-16% of the hospital admitted cases. its pathogenesis and evolution is related to the response of the t lymphocytes. the objective of the present study is to determine if the lower systemic lymphocytic response is related to a worse outcome of ab in hospitalised infants.201728818563
role of γδ t cells in exacerbated airway inflammation during reinfection of neonatally primed mice in adulthood.age at primary infection with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a crucial factor in determining the outcome of reinfection. however, how neonatal rsv infection affects the immune system and renders the host more susceptible to reinfection in later life is poorly understood. in the present study, by using balb/c mice that were first infected with rsv as neonates, the role of γδ t cells in the development of airway inflammation during reinfection in adulthood was investigated. we found that neo ...201728815644
bronchiolitis care in the hospital.viral bronchiolitis is a common cause of hospitalization in young children, but despite a variety of therapeutic options, the mainstay of treatment remains supportive care.201728814254
bronchiolitis in infants and children.bronchiolitis is among the most common illnesses in infants and children, and is the most common cause for hospitalization in infants in the u.s. this illness can be caused by many viruses, most commonly respiratory syncytial virus. it is diagnosed clinically by history and physical exam findings, with a narrow role for ancillary testing. management is supportive, with medications demonstrating limited utility in multiple studies. preventive measures include hand hygiene, breastfeeding, avoiding ...201728813765
innate lymphoid cells: the role in respiratory infections and lung tissue damage.innate lymphoid cells (ilcs) represent a diverse family of cells of the innate immune system, which play an important role in regulation of tissue homeostasis, immunity and inflammation. emerging evidence has highlighted the importance of ilcs in both protective immunity to respiratory infections and their pathological roles in the lungs. therefore, the aim of this review is to summarize the current knowledge, interpret and integrate it into broader perspective, enabling greater insight into the ...201728812393
the impact of the recent aap changes in palivizumab authorization on rsv-induced bronchiolitis severity and incidence.following the most recent modification by the american academy of pediatrics, based on american studies on rsv epidemiology, the italian drug agency (aifa) decided to limit the total financial coverage of the palivizumab prescription by the national health service only to the < 29 wga group and age ≤ 12 months at the beginning of the rsv epidemic season. however, the vulnerability of otherwise healthy premature infants ≥ 29 wga has been demonstrated in italian analyses. we retrospectively review ...201728807039
burden of paediatric respiratory syncytial virus disease and potential effect of different immunisation strategies: a modelling and cost-effectiveness analysis for england.vaccines and prophylactic antibodies against respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) are in development and likely to be available in the next 5-10 years. the most efficient way to use these products when they become available is an important consideration for public health decision makers.201728804787
the epidemiology of medically attended respiratory syncytial virus in older adults in the united states: a systematic review.this review was undertaken to assess the historical evidence of the disease incidence and burden of laboratory-confirmed respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) in medically attended older adults.201728797053
in vitro enhancement of rsv infection by maternal antibodies does not explain disease severity in infants.respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the leading cause of severe respiratory illness in infants. at this young age, infants typically depend on maternally transferred antibodies (matabs) and their innate immune system for protection against infections. rsv-specific matabs are thought to protect from severe illness, yet severe rsv disease occurs mainly below 6 months of age, when neutralizing matab levels are present. to investigate this discrepancy, we asked if disease severity is related to ant ...201728794038
is immunoprophylaxis with palivizumab justified for respiratory syncytial virus? 201728783400
respiratory syncytial virus: the influence of serotype and genotype variability on clinical course of infection.respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) belongs to the recently defined pneumoviridae family, orthopneumovirus genus. it is the leading cause of acute bronchiolitis and one of the most common causes of infant viral death worldwide, with infection typically occurring as recurrent seasonal epidemics. there are two major rsv subtypes, a and b, and multiple genotypes, which can coexist during rsv epidemic season every year and result in different disease severity. recently, new rsv genomic sequences and a ...201728783078
respiratory viral infections occurring after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.respiratory viral infection is one of the most crucial complications after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (hsct), which affects approximately 60% of hsct recipients within one year after transplantation. prevalence of progression from upper respiratory tract infection to lower respiratory tract disease (lrd) among hsct recipients is 15-20% and day-90 mortality after lrd is as high as 40%. risk factors for the progression to lrd are early infection after hsct, low neutrophil or lymphocyt ...201728781280
pneumonia with bacterial and viral coinfection.we aim to review the epidemiology of pneumonia with bacterial and viral coinfection, the pathogenesis and clinical impact of coinfection along with the current state of treatment and outcomes.201728777158
converting everolimus to mycophenolate mofetil ameliorated prolonged respiratory syncytial virus infection in a child after heart transplantation.in immunocompromised patients, respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infections are known to be severe and prolonged, and have significant mortality and morbidity. however, little is known about the clinical courses and treatment strategy of rsv infection in heart transplant recipients. here, we report a 6-year-old female with heart transplantation who had exhibited prolonged respiratory symptoms and shedding of rsv. she had received everolimus as an immunosuppressant. as immunosuppressants could ha ...201728775087
discovery of methylsulfonyl indazoles as potent and orally active respiratory syncytial virus(rsv) fusion inhibitors.recently we described a novel class of imidazopyridine compounds that showed exceptional anti-rsv potency in cell culture. however, unfavorable pharmacokinetic (pk) properties and glutathione (gsh) adduct liabilities impeded their further development. in a bid to address the pk and early safety concerns, a small compound library consisting of dozens of scaffold-hopping analogues was designed and synthesized for rsv cpe assay screening, which led to the identification of a new chemical starting p ...201728772235
pulmonary c-fiber degeneration downregulates ifn-γ receptor 1 via ifn-α induction to attenuate rsv-induced airway hyperresponsiveness.respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a leading cause of respiratory infection in infants. unfortunately, no effective vaccine or treatment against rsv is currently available. pulmonary c-fibers (pcfs) are critical for regulating pulmonary inflammation and airway hyperresponsiveness (ahr). we previously reported that ifn-γ partially mediated rsv-induced airway disorders. in this study, we found that pcf degeneration alleviated rsv-induced airway inflammation, especially ahr by downregulating ifn- ...201728772166
the susceptibilities of respiratory syncytial virus to nucleolin receptor blocking and antibody neutralization are dependent upon the method of virus purification.respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) that is propagated in cell culture is purified from cellular contaminants that can confound experimental results. a number of different purification methods have been described, including methods that utilize fast protein liquid chromatography (fplc) and gradient ultracentrifugation. thus, the constituents and experimental responses of rsv stocks purified by ultracentrifugation in sucrose and by fplc were analyzed and compared by infectivity assay, coomassie sta ...201728771197
natural helper cells mediate respiratory syncytial virus-induced airway inflammation by producing type 2 cytokines in an il-33-dependent manner.type 2 cytokine production during respiratory virus infection is considered to be linked with asthma exacerbation. as potent th2 cytokine producers, natural helper (nh) cells play a key role in influenza virus-induced airway hyper-responsiveness. however, it is unclear whether nh cells contribute to respiratory syncytial virus (rsv)-induced airway inflammation, and how the cytokine profile in nh cells is changed during rsv infection.201728771101
peptidoglycan from immunobiotic lactobacillus rhamnosus improves resistance of infant mice to respiratory syncytial viral infection and secondary pneumococcal pneumonia.several research works have demonstrated that beneficial microbes with the capacity to modulate the mucosal immune system (immunobiotics) are an interesting alternative to improve the outcome of bacterial and viral respiratory infections. among the immunobiotic strains with the capacity to beneficially modulate respiratory immunity, lactobacillus rhamnosus crl1505 has outstanding properties. although we have significantly advanced in demonstrating the capacity of l. rhamnosus crl1505 to improve ...201728848552
multi-center evaluation of the cobas(®) liat(®) influenza a/b & rsv assay for rapid point of care diagnosis.point of care testing (poct) provides the capability for rapid laboratory test results in patient care environments where a traditional clinical laboratory is not available. pocts have shorter turn-around times (tats), they may be performed by non-laboratory personnel, and the need for transport time is eliminated. the food and drug administration (fda) recently granted clinical laboratory improvements amendment (clia) waiver status to the cobas(®) influenza a/b & rsv assay, a rapid, accurate po ...201728818691
evaluation of anyplex™ ii rv16 and rb5 real-time rt-pcr compared to seeplex(®) rv15 onestep ace and pneumobacter ace for the simultaneous detection of upper respiratory pathogens.this prospective study was performed to evaluate and compare the performance of the multiplex pcr seeplex(®) assays and anyplex™ ii assays. from may 2014 until april 2016, a total of 247 respiratory samples were collected in okinawa, japan. multiple respiratory pathogens were detected in 37% of patients with positive results. the most prevalent pathogens were influenza a virus and respiratory syncytial virus b. despite minor differences in capabilities, both the seeplex(®) assays and anyplex™ ii ...201728830668
reduced activation and proliferation of human lymphocytes exposed to respiratory syncytial virus compared to cells exposed to influenza virus.both respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and influenza a virus (iav) may infect human peripheral blood mononuclear leukocytes (pbmc) during the immune response to viral challenge as the cells are recruited to the respiratory tract. the current studies demonstrated differences in pbmc responses to the two viruses very early after exposure, including reduced fos protein and cd69 expression and il-2 production by rsv-exposed t lymphocytes. exposure to rsv resulted in reduced lymphocyte proliferation ...201728856681
prevalence and seasonality of six respiratory viruses during five consecutive epidemic seasons in belgium.acute respiratory infections (aris) are a major health problem, especially in young children and the elderly.201728772168
chest radiographic features of human metapneumovirus infection in pediatric patients.human metapneumovirus (hmpv) was identified in 2001 and is a common cause of acute respiratory illness in young children. the radiologic characteristics of laboratory-confirmed hmpv acute respiratory illness in young children have not been systematically assessed.201728831577
the burden of human metapneumovirus and respiratory syncytial virus infections in hospitalized norwegian children.the burden of severe human metapneumovirus (hmpv) respiratory tract infections (rtis) in european children has not been clarified. we assessed hmpv in norwegian children and compared hospitalization rates for hmpv and respiratory syncytial virus (rsv).201728838133
burden of lower respiratory infections in the eastern mediterranean region between 1990 and 2015: findings from the global burden of disease 2015 study.we used data from the global burden of disease 2015 study (gbd) to calculate the burden of lower respiratory infections (lris) in the 22 countries of the eastern mediterranean region (emr) from 1990 to 2015.201728776246
propagation of respiratory viruses in human airway epithelia reveals persistent virus-specific signatures.leading etiologies of acute illnesses, respiratory viruses typically cause self-limited diseases, though severe complications can occur in fragile patients. rhinoviruses, respiratory enteroviruses, influenza virus, respiratory syncytial viruses and coronaviruses are highly prevalent respiratory pathogens, but due to the lack of reliable animal models, their differential pathogenesis remains poorly characterized.201728797733
[clinical analysis of children with pertussis and significance of respiratory virus detection in the combined diagnosis].objective: to analyze the clinical data of children with pertussis and explore the necessity of respiratory virus detection in the combined diagnosis so as to improve the clinician's understanding and standardize the diagnosis and treatment of pertussis in children. method: clinical data and laboratory examination of 195 suspected pertussis children between jan. 2015 and dec. 2016 in children's hospital affiliated to capital institute of pediatric were analyzed retrospectively. result: the nasop ...201728822432
the impact of commercial rapid respiratory virus diagnostic tests on patient outcomes and health system utilization.introduction acute respiratory tract infections due to influenza a/b and respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) are major causes of morbidity and mortality globally. rapid tests for detection of these pathogens include antigen detection point of care tests (poc) and newer easy to use molecular tests. from experience, these assays improve both laboratory workflow and assay interpretation issues. however, the question of the benefits of using rapid test technology compared to routine laboratory testing ...201728841814
respiratory viruses in transplant recipients: more than just a cold. clinical syndromes and infection prevention principles.the aim of this review is to provide updated information on the clinical spectrum, treatment options, and infection prevention strategies for respiratory viral infections (rvis) in both solid organ (sot) and hematopoietic stem cell transplant (hsct) patients.201728739424
prevalence of respiratory viruses in wheezing children not older than 24 months of age.wheezing in children not older than 24 months of age is a frequent event, and viruses are usually the causative agents. the aim of the study was to estimate the prevalence of respiratory viruses in wheezing children who were not older than 24 months of age and who had no history of asthma.201728763071
[comparison of clinical features and diagnosis between the a and b subgroups of respiratory syncytial virus.]lower respiratory tract infection by respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the most frequent cause of admission in children under 2 years old. the rsv subgroups a and b may circulate simultaneously. we aimed to determine whether clinical differences exist between rsv subgroups a and b. additionally, we tested the sensitivity of the rapid antigen detection test (radt) based on immunochromatography in diagnosing subgroups a and b, taking the polymerase chain reaction assay (rt-pcr) as reference.201728765656
therapeutic efficacy of a respiratory syncytial virus fusion inhibitor.respiratory syncytial virus is a major cause of acute lower respiratory tract infection in young children, immunocompromised adults, and the elderly. intervention with small-molecule antivirals specific for respiratory syncytial virus presents an important therapeutic opportunity, but no such compounds are approved today. here we report the structure of jnj-53718678 bound to respiratory syncytial virus fusion (f) protein in its prefusion conformation, and we show that the potent nanomolar activi ...201728761099
utility of ambulance data for real-time syndromic surveillance: a pilot in the west midlands region, united kingdom.introduction the public health england (phe; united kingdom) real-time syndromic surveillance team (resst) currently operates four national syndromic surveillance systems, including an emergency department system. a system based on ambulance data might provide an additional measure of the "severe" end of the clinical disease spectrum. this report describes the findings and lessons learned from the development and preliminary assessment of a pilot syndromic surveillance system using ambulance dat ...201728760171
camp-dependent activation of protein kinase a attenuates respiratory syncytial virus-induced human airway epithelial barrier disruption.airway epithelium forms a barrier to the outside world and has a crucial role in susceptibility to viral infections. cyclic adenosine monophosphate (camp) is an important second messenger acting via two intracellular signaling molecules: protein kinase a (pka) and the guanidine nucleotide exchange factor, epac. we sought to investigate effects of increased camp level on the disruption of model airway epithelial barrier caused by rsv infection and the molecular mechanisms underlying camp actions. ...201728759570
transient depletion of cd169(+) cells contributes to impaired early protection and effector cd8(+) t cell recruitment against mucosal respiratory syncytial virus infection.respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a major cause of respiratory viral infections in infants and children. alveolar macrophages (ams) play a crucial role in combatting airborne pathogens, strongly express cd169, and are localized in the lung alveoli. therefore, we used cd169-diphtheria toxin receptor (dtr) transgenic mice to explore the roles of cd169(+) cells in immune responses to mucosal rsv infection. the administration of diphtheria toxin to cd169-dtr mice induced specific am depletion and ...201728751894
respiratory syncytial virus: a systematic scientometric analysis of the global publication output and the gender distribution of publishing authors.worldwide, the respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) represents the predominant viral agent causing bronchiolitis and pneumonia in children. to conduct research and tackle existing healthcare disparities, rsv-related research activities around the globe need to be described. hence, we assessed the associated scientific output (represented by research articles) by geographical, chronological and socioeconomic criteria and analysed the authors publishing in the field by gender. also, the 15 most cited ...201728751483
investigation of respiratory syncytial virus outbreak on an adult stem cell transplant unit using whole genome sequencing.a viral whole genome sequencing strategy, based on pcr amplification followed by next-generation sequencing, was used to investigate a nosocomial rsv-b outbreak in a hematology-oncology and stem cell transplant unit. rsv-b genomes from 16 patients and healthcare workers (hcws) suspected to be involved in the outbreak were compared to rsv-b genomes acquired from outpatients during the same time period but epidemiologically unrelated to the outbreak. phylogenetic analysis of the whole genome ident ...201728747373
development of quality metrics for ambulatory pediatric cardiology: infection prevention.in 2012, the american college of cardiology's (acc) adult congenital and pediatric cardiology council established a program to develop quality metrics to guide ambulatory practices for pediatric cardiology. the council chose five areas on which to focus their efforts; chest pain, kawasaki disease, tetralogy of fallot, transposition of the great arteries after arterial switch, and infection prevention. here, we sought to describe the process, evaluation, and results of the infection prevention co ...201728741863
promising approaches for the treatment and prevention of viral respiratory illnesses.viral respiratory tract infections are the most common human ailments, leading to enormous health and economic burden. hundreds of viral species and subtypes have been associated with these conditions, with influenza viruses, respiratory syncytial virus, and rhinoviruses being the most frequent and with the highest burden. when considering prevention or treatment of viral respiratory tract infections, potential targets include the causative pathogens themselves but also the immune response, dise ...201728739285
prospective clinical and serological follow-up in early childhood reveals a high rate of subclinical rsv infection and a relatively high reinfection rate within the first 3 years of life.children encounter repeated respiratory tract infections during their early life. we conducted a prospective clinical and serological follow-up study to estimate the respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) primary infection and reinfection rates in early childhood. sera were collected from 291 healthy children at the ages of 13, 24 and 36 months and antibody levels against rsv antigens were determined by enzyme immunoassay. the rt-pcr method was also used for identifying the possible presence of rsv i ...201626732801
prophylactic and therapeutic testing of nicotiana-derived rsv-neutralizing human monoclonal antibodies in the cotton rat model.severe lower respiratory tract infection in infants and small children is commonly caused by respiratory syncytial virus (rsv). palivizumab (synagis(®)), a humanized igg1 monoclonal antibody (mab) approved for rsv immunoprophylaxis in at-risk neonates, is highly effective, but pharmacoeconomic analyses suggest its use may not be cost-effective. previously described potent rsv neutralizers (human fab r19 and f2-5; human igg rf-1 and rf-2) were produced in igg format in a rapid and inexpensive nic ...201623396091
influenza-related mortality in spain, 1999-2005.to estimate the excess deaths attributed to influenza in spain, using age-specific generalized linear models (glm) and the serfling model for the period 1999-2005.201622284214
[monitoring respiratory syncytial virus through the spanish influenza surveillance system, 2006-2014].the aim of the study is to analyze the information on respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) obtained through the spanish influenza surveillance system (siss) and to study its usefulness as supplementary information for the characterization of influenza epidemics.201625703209
risk factors for requiring intensive care among children admitted to ward with bronchiolitis.to examine risk factors for transfer of bronchiolitis patients from the ward to the intensive care unit (icu) and/or initiation of critical care interventions.201625528126
respiratory syncytial virus is present in the neonatal intensive care unit.nosocomial transmission of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) occurs in children within the neonatal intensive care unit (nicu). during peak community rsv transmission, three swabs were collected from the nose, hand and personal clothing of visitors and health care workers (hcw) in nicu once every week for eight weeks. nasal swabs were collected from every third neonate and from any neonate clinically suspected of having a respiratory infection. environmental sampling of high touch areas was done ...201626174559
proteomic profiling of a respiratory syncytial virus-infected rat pneumonia model.respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a major cause of lower respiratory tract disease in pediatric patients. our goal was to obtain a detailed understanding of the molecular pathogenesis of rsv infections by studying the protein expression profiles in rats with pneumonia. first, we successfully established a pneumonia rat model by intranasally injecting rsv. the differentially expressed proteins in lung tissues of rsv-infected rats compared with those of the controls were analyzed by using 2-dim ...201626370426
treatment with novel rsv ig ri-002 controls viral replication and reduces pulmonary damage in immunocompromised sigmodon hispidus.respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a significant cause of bronchiolitis and pneumonia in several high health risk populations, including infants, elderly and immunocompromised individuals. mortality in hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients with lower respiratory tract rsv infection can exceed 80%. it has been shown that rsv replication in immunosuppressed individuals is significantly prolonged, but the contribution of pulmonary damage, if any, to the pathogenesis of rsv disease in this ...201626367224
clinical and epidemiological characteristics of acute respiratory virus infections in vietnamese children.information about viral acute respiratory infections (aris) is essential for prevention, diagnosis and treatment, but it is limited in tropical developing countries. this study described the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of aris in children hospitalized in vietnam. nasopharyngeal samples were collected from children with aris at ho chi minh city children's hospital 2 between april 2010 and may 2011 in order to detect respiratory viruses by polymerase chain reaction. viruses were f ...201626145204
evaluation of a new rapid diagnostic test for the detection of influenza and rsv.influenza viruses and respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) can cause an acute respiratory disease that occurs seasonally in epidemic waves. this retrospective study was conducted to evaluate the sofia(®) influenza a+b and the sofia(®) rsv fluorescence immunoassays (fias), two novel rapid detection tests (rdts) for influenza a and b and rsv.201626139303
who consultation on respiratory syncytial virus vaccine development report from a world health organization meeting held on 23-24 march 2015.respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a globally prevalent cause of lower respiratory infection in neonates and infants. despite its disease burden, a safe and effective rsv vaccine has remained elusive. in recent years, improved understanding of rsv biology and innovations in immunogen design has resulted in the advancement of multiple vaccine candidates into the clinical development pipeline. given the growing number of vaccines in clinical trials, the rapid pace at which they are being tested, ...201626100926
comparison of the conventional multiplex rt-pcr, real time rt-pcr and luminex xtag® rvp fast assay for the detection of respiratory viruses.detection of respiratory viruses using polymerase chain reaction (pcr) is sensitive, specific and cost effective, having huge potential for patient management. in this study, the performance of an in-house developed conventional multiplex rt-pcr (mrt-pcr), real time rt-pcr (rtrt-pcr) and luminex xtag(®) rvp fast assay (luminex diagnostics, toronto, canada) for the detection of respiratory viruses was compared. a total 310 respiratory clinical specimens predominantly from pediatric patients, refe ...201626100490
new insights on the viral and host factors contributing to the airway pathogenesis caused by the respiratory syncytial virus.the respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the most prevalent etiological agent of lower respiratory tract infections and the first cause of hospitalization in infants due to respiratory disease worldwide. however, efforts to develop safe and effective vaccines and antivirals have been challenged by an incomplete understanding of the rsv pathogenesis and the host immune response to rsv infection in the airways. here, we discuss recent advances in understanding the interaction between rsv and the e ...201626119025
human rhinovirus infections in hospitalized children: clinical, epidemiological and virological features.molecular epidemiology and clinical impact of human rhinovirus (hrv) are not well documented in tropical regions. this study compared the clinical characteristics of hrv to other common viral infections and investigated the molecular epidemiology of hrv in hospitalized children with acute respiratory infections (aris) in vietnam. from april 2010 to may 2011, 1082 nasopharyngeal swabs were screened for respiratory viruses by pcr. vp4/vp2 sequences of hrv were further characterized. hrv was the mo ...201626112743
[association between moderate-severe bronchiolitis and syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion in emergency departments].to identify clinical characteristics that may lead to the early recognition of patients admitted to the hospital for moderate-to-severe bronchiolitis with urine results associated with the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (siadh).201625858009
risk factors associated with death in patients with severe respiratory syncytial virus infection.respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection is an important cause of viral respiratory tract infection in children. this retrospective study describes the clinical characteristics of severe rsv infection and determines the risk factors for death.201625442868
interleukin-4 polymorphism is associated with severity of respiratory syncytial virus infection.respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection is a major health problem in young children. this study aimed to investigate whether the interleukin (il)-4 -590c/t and -33 c/t polymorphisms were associated with the susceptibility to rsv infection in chinese han children and with the severity of the infection.201626289664
emergency department syndromic surveillance providing early warning of seasonal respiratory activity in england.seasonal respiratory infections place an increased burden on health services annually. we used a sentinel emergency department syndromic surveillance system to understand the factors driving respiratory attendances at emergency departments (eds) in england. trends in different respiratory indicators were observed to peak at different points during winter, with further variation observed in the distribution of attendances by age. multiple linear regression analysis revealed acute respiratory infe ...201626415918
respiratory syncytial virus preterm (32-36 completed weeks of gestation) risk estimation measure for rsv hospitalization in ireland: a prospective study.in several countries, respiratory syncytial virus prophylaxis is offered to late preterm infants who are at escalated risk of respiratory syncytial virus hospitalization (rsvh). however, targeted prophylaxis should be informed by country-specific data. this study, which uniquely includes 36 weeks of gestational age (ga) infants, aims to establish the risk factors for rsvh in 32-36 weeks of ga infants in ireland.201626379160
a randomized, blinded, controlled, dose-ranging study of a respiratory syncytial virus recombinant fusion (f) nanoparticle vaccine in healthy women of childbearing age.respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a leading cause of infant morbidity and mortality. a recombinant rsv fusion protein nanoparticle vaccine (rsv f vaccine) candidate for maternal immunization was tested for safety and immunogenicity in women of childbearing age.201626259809
impact of placental malaria and hypergammaglobulinemia on transplacental transfer of respiratory syncytial virus antibody in papua new guinea.passively acquired respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) neutralizing antibody protects against rsv-associated lower respiratory infections, but placental malaria (pm) and maternal hypergammaglobulinemia might interfere with transplacental immunoglobulin transport.201626238686
short- and long-term pulmonary outcome of palivizumab in children born extremely prematurely.palivizumab reduces the severity of respiratory syncytial virus infection in premature infants, but whether there is a protective effect beyond the preschool age is unknown. this study sought to assess the short- and long-term effects of palivizumab immunization on respiratory morbidity and pulmonary function at school age in children born extremely prematurely.201626226546
predictors of severe disease in a hospitalized population of children with acute viral lower respiratory tract infections.although predictors of severe viral acute lower respiratory infections (alris) in children have been reported, there have been few research studies performed in low- and middle-income countries (lmic). the aim of the present study was to determine predictors of disease severity in a population of colombian children <5 years of age with alri. in a prospective cohort study, we determined independent predictors of severe alri in a hospitalized population of children under 5 years old with alri duri ...201626403374
perceived risk of severe respiratory syncytial virus disease and immunoprophylaxis use among us pediatric specialists.this study was conducted to assess the perception of us pediatric specialists of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) disease risk and determine their clinical practices regarding immunoprophylaxis for high-risk children. separate surveys were sent to neonatologists, pediatricians, pediatric pulmonologists, and pediatric cardiologists. data were collected using structured questions requiring quantitative responses. most neonatologists and pediatricians (>82.7%) reported a high clinical need for rsv ...201626400767
risk factors for hospitalization for respiratory syncytial virus infection: a population-based cohort study of danish children.the aim of this study is to identify the risk factors for hospitalization for respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection in danish children.201626398871
aln-rsv01 for prevention of bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome after respiratory syncytial virus infection in lung transplant recipients.respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection in lung transplant (ltx) patients is associated with an increased incidence of bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome (bos). aln-rsv01 is a small interfering rna targeting rsv replication that was shown in an earlier phase 2a trial to be safe and to reduce the incidence of bos when compared with placebo.201626452996
mip-1α level in nasopharyngeal aspirates at the first wheezing episode predicts recurrent wheezing.respiratory virus-induced wheezing, such as that induced by respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and human rhinovirus, is an important risk factor for recurrent wheezing and childhood asthma. however, no biomarkers for predicting recurrent wheezing have been identified.201626494023
interference between respiratory syncytial virus and rhinovirus in respiratory tract infections in children.an acute viral respiratory tract infection might prevent infections by other viruses because of the antiviral innate immune response. however, with the use of pcr methods, simultaneous detection of two or more respiratory viruses is frequent. we analysed the effect of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection on the occurrence of simultaneous rhinovirus (rv) infection in children within a birth cohort study setting. we used pcr for virus detection in nasal swabs collected from children with an ...201626482269
respiratory syncytial virus induces phosphorylation of mtor at ser2448 in cd8 t cells from nasal washes of infected infants.respiratory syncytial virus (rsv)-specific cd8(+) t cell responses do not protect against reinfection. activation of mammalian target of rapamycin (mtor) impairs memory cd8(+) t cell differentiation. our hypothesis was that rsv inhibits the formation of cd8(+) t cells memory responses through mtor activation. to explore this, human and mouse t cells were used. rsv induced mtor phosphorylation at ser2448 in cd8 t cells. mtor activation by rsv was completely inhibited using rapamycin. rsv-infected ...201626437614
spatial clusters of child lower respiratory illnesses associated with community-level risk factors.identifying geographic areas with increased incidence of disease may elucidate community-level risk factors for intervention development. lower respiratory illnesses (lris) are the leading cause of death in children and are associated with other morbidities. we assessed geographic clustering of lris and evaluated if these spatial patterns and associated risk factors differed by phenotype. participants enrolled at birth in the tucson children's respiratory study were followed through age three fo ...201626436763
outcome of the respiratory syncytial virus related acute lower respiratory tract infection among hospitalized newborns: a prospective multicenter study.to determine the incidence and outcomes of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv)-related acute lower respiratory tract infection (alri) including morbidity, nosocomial infection and mortality among newborn infants who were admitted to the neonatal intensive care units (nicus).201626365531
prematurity and the burden of influenza and respiratory syncytial virus disease.respiratory morbidity of former preterm infants and especially those with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (bpd) is high during infancy and early childhood.201626582294
respiratory syncytial virus activity and climate parameters during a 12-year period.the epidemic pattern of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection during long periods and the factors that determine seasonality are not well studied. in order to correlate the rsv epidemic activity with climate parameters, we conducted a retrospective study of children (0-14 year) who were hospitalized because of respiratory tract infection and had an rsv test performed in the major tertiary pediatric hospital of greece during a 12-year period (2002-2013). daily data regarding temperature and ...201626575521
recombinant measles aik-c vaccine strain expressing heterologous virus antigens.further attenuated measles vaccines were developed more than 50 years ago and have been used throughout the world. recombinant measles vaccine candidates have been developed and express several heterologous virus protective antigens. immunogenicity and protective actions were confirmed using experimental animals: transgenic mice, cotton rats, and primates. the recent development of measles vaccine-based vectored vaccine candidates has been reviewed and some information on recombinant measles vac ...201626562316
prenatal versus postnatal tobacco smoke exposure and intensive care use in children hospitalized with bronchiolitis.among children hospitalized with bronchiolitis, we examined the associations between in utero exposure to maternal cigarette smoking, postnatal tobacco smoke exposure, and risk of admission to the intensive care unit (icu).201626555856
downregulation of matrix metalloproteinase‑19 induced by respiratory syncytial viral infection affects the interaction between epithelial cells and fibroblasts.the present study was designed to examine the expression and function of matrix metalloproteinase‑19 (mmp‑19), which is downregulated following respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection. the diverse expression levels of mmp were examined using a designed cdna expression array. the expression and secretion of mmp‑19 was examined using reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction (rt‑qpcr) analysis and elisa, respectively. the proliferation of epithelial cells and lung fibroblast ...201626548962
maternal high-fat hypercaloric diet during pregnancy results in persistent metabolic and respiratory abnormalities in offspring.we have shown in a previous population-based study significant correlation between childhood asthma and early abnormalities of lipid and glucose metabolism. this study's specific aim was to determine whether maternal nutrition in pregnancy affects postnatal metabolic and respiratory outcomes in the offspring.201626539661
where are we with rsv prophylaxis?respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a predictable, seasonal disease with significant morbidity and mortality in children below 24 months. prophylaxis, which decreases hospitalisation in those most vulnerable to the disease, has been available since 1998. pharmacological prophylaxis is however, expensive and requires good infrastructure to deliver. it is out of reach for many patients in low-income and middle-income countries where mortality is highest. this article looks at the pathophysiology ...201626510447
virus type and genomic load in acute bronchiolitis: severity and treatment response with inhaled adrenaline.acute bronchiolitis frequently causes infant hospitalization. studies on different viruses or viral genomic load and disease severity or treatment effect have had conflicting results. we aimed to investigate whether the presence or concentration of individual or multiple viruses were associated with disease severity in acute bronchiolitis and to evaluate whether detected viruses modified the response to inhaled racemic adrenaline.201626508124
recent advances in the development of subunit-based rsv vaccines.respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a major cause of lower respiratory tract infections causing pneumonia and bronchiolitis in infants. rsv also causes serious illness in elderly populations, immunocompromised patients and individuals with pulmonary or cardiac problems. the significant morbidity and mortality associated with rsv infection have prompted interest in rsv vaccine development. in the 1960s, a formalin-inactivated vaccine trial failed to protect children, and indeed enhanced patholog ...201626506139
differential neutrophil activation in viral infections: enhanced tlr-7/8-mediated cxcl8 release in asthma.respiratory viral infections are a major cause of asthma exacerbations. neutrophils accumulate in the airways and the mechanisms that link neutrophilic inflammation, viral infections and exacerbations are unclear. this study aims to investigate anti-viral responses in neutrophils from patients with and without asthma and to investigate if neutrophils can be directly activated by respiratory viruses.201626477783
the logistics and coordination of respiratory syncytial virus immunoprophylaxis use among us pediatric specialists.this study was conducted to survey us pediatric specialists about administration of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) immunoprophylaxis, communication patterns among physicians and parents, and barriers to access. separate surveys were sent to neonatologists, pediatricians, pediatric pulmonologists, and pediatric cardiologists. most physicians (≥93.5%) routinely recommended immunoprophylaxis to high-risk children. most respondents (≥71.8%) reported that >50.0% of eligible infants and young child ...201626746004
baculovirus vectors expressing f proteins in combination with virus-induced signaling adaptor (visa) molecules confer protection against respiratory syncytial virus infection.baculovirus has been exploited for use as a novel vaccine vector. to investigate the feasibility and efficacy of recombinant baculoviruses (rbvs) expressing respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) fusion (f) proteins, four constructs (bac-tf/64, bac-cf, bac-cf/tf64 and bac-cf/tf64-visa) were generated. bac-tf64 displays the f ectodomain (tf) on the envelope of rbvs, whereas bac-cf expresses full-length f protein in transduced mammalian cells. bac-cf/tf64 not only displays tf on the envelope but also e ...201626643933
molecular mechanism of respiratory syncytial virus fusion inhibitors.respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a leading cause of pneumonia and bronchiolitis in young children and the elderly. therapeutic small molecules have been developed that bind the rsv f glycoprotein and inhibit membrane fusion, yet their binding sites and molecular mechanisms of action remain largely unknown. here we show that these inhibitors bind to a three-fold-symmetric pocket within the central cavity of the metastable prefusion conformation of rsv f. inhibitor binding stabilizes this conf ...201626641933
understanding respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) vaccine development and aspects of disease pathogenesis.respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the most important cause of lower respiratory tract infections causing bronchiolitis and some mortality in young children and the elderly. despite decades of research there is no licensed rsv vaccine. although significant advances have been made in understanding the immune factors responsible for inducing vaccine-enhanced disease in animal models, less information is available for humans. in this review, we discuss the different types of rsv vaccines and thei ...201626641318
rsv vaccine use--the missing data.respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection is the most important cause of hospitalization in infants and is one of the leading global causes of infant mortality and as such its prevention through vaccination is a public health priority. while essential for the successful implementation of vaccine programs, there remains a paucity of data on the epidemiology of the virus in different settings and age groups and limited knowledge about virus transmission and the health-care costs of the disease. ...201626636902
effectiveness of palivizumab in children with childhood interstitial lung disease: the french experience.there is a lack of evidence concerning the effectiveness of immunoprophylaxis with palivizumab in children with childhood interstitial lung disease (child). in this retrospective study, we evaluated the effectiveness of palivizumab for decreasing the rate of rsv-related hospitalizations in children under the age of 24 months with child treated with corticosteroids.201626636747
Refresh
firstprev
12345678910...
nextlast
Displaying items 501 - 600 of 11972