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much to know about proteolysis: intricate proteolytic machineries compromise essential cellular functions.proteolysis has traditionally been considered as a radical way to terminate the function of a protein. however, protein destruction also is the starting point for many processes as they can only occur when the way has been cleared for the action of other proteins. protein destruction can occur virtually in all compartments and organelles of the cell, associated with cell membranes or large protein complexes, it determines subcellular partitioning, association with positive or negative regulators ...200818793136
avian olfactory receptor gene repertoires: evidence for a well-developed sense of smell in birds?among vertebrates, the sense of smell is mediated by olfactory receptors (ors) expressed in sensory neurons within the olfactory epithelium. comparative genomic studies suggest that the olfactory acuity of mammalian species correlates positively with both the total number and the proportion of functional or genes encoded in their genomes. in contrast to mammals, avian olfaction is poorly understood, with birds widely regarded as relying primarily on visual and auditory inputs. here, we show that ...200818628122
response properties of the auditory telencephalon in songbirds change with recent experience and season.the caudomedial nidopallium (ncm) is a telencephalic auditory area that is selectively activated by conspecific vocalizations in zebra finches and canaries. we recently demonstrated that temporal and spectral dynamics of auditory tuning in ncm differ between these species [1]. in order to determine whether these differences reflect recent experience, we exposed separate groups of each species and sex to different housing conditions. adult birds were housed either in an aviary with conspecifics ( ...200818682724
use of a synthetic gnrh analog to induce reproductive activity in canaries (serinus canaria).in this study, we evaluated the effects of a transcutaneously administered gonadotropin-releasing hormone analog (lecirelin) on the reproductive activity of the canary (serinus canaria). two groups of 20 pairs of canaries were treated with increasing concentrations of lecirelin delivered in a cream vehicle; one group was exposed to a natural photoperiod, and the other group received additional photostimulation. two groups of 10 pairs of canaries served as controls; one group was exposed to an ar ...200818689073
cytokine il-1 beta but not il-1 alpha promoter polymorphism is associated with alzheimer disease in a population from the canary islands, spain.previous studies have reported the presence of low-grade inflammation in alzheimer disease (ad). based on these data, our work attempts to investigate the effects of some promoter polymorphisms of pro-inflammatory cytokines [interleukin (il)-1 alpha and il-1 beta] on ad.200818717723
main pigmentary features and melanocortin 1 receptor (mc1r) gene polymorphisms in the population of the canary islands.sun exposure, light skin pigmentation, and melanocortin 1 receptor (mc1r) gene variants are independent risk factors for skin cancer. the canary islands have a sunny and temperate climate, but data regarding the phenotypic and genotypic risk factors among the population are lacking.200818717860
evolution of caries and fluorosis in schoolchildren of the canary islands (spain): 1991, 1998, 2006.the aim of this work is to assess the evolution of caries and fluorosis prevalence and indices at 7 and 12 years of age in the canary islands through three cross epidemiological studies conducted in 1991, 1998 and 2006. the three studies followed a similar methodology, using the who diagnosis criteria and indications, except for the assessment of fluorosis, which was measured with the "thylstrup and fejerskov" index. the examining dentists were trained and calibrated in an area with high endemic ...200818758407
influence of harvest time on fuel characteristics of five potential energy crops in northern china.five potential energy crops in northern china were examined for fuel characteristics over different harvest times to test whether or not a delayed harvest improves fuel quality in a semiarid area in china as is the case in northern europe and north america. the five crops include indigo bush (amorpha fruticosa), sand willow (salix cheilophila), switch grass (panicum virgatum), reed canary grass (phalaris arundinacea), and sainfoin (onobrychis viciifolia). these crops are considered as fuels for ...200817382539
mycobacterium marinum infection complicating crohn's disease, treated with infliximab.tumour necrosis factor-alpha inhibitors including infliximab are often used to treat a number of recalcitrant medical conditions. these agents are increasingly associated with infections, particularly mycobacterial infections. we report sporotrichoid spread of mycobacterium marinum in a 37-year-old woman with crohn's disease, who had been receiving infliximab infusions for 2 years. an infection had spread up the right leg, after she had been swimming on holiday in the canary islands. m. marinum ...200817983451
ossifying fibroma in a canary (serinus canaria).a 1-year-old male canary (serinus canaria, jibber breed), with a protuberance on the left tibia was referred to the clinic. the bird was not able to use the affected foot to stand on its perch. results of radiographs revealed a radio-opaque hard tissue mass. the canary was euthanatized and submitted for necropsy. on histopathologic examination, the mass was diagnosed as an ossifying fibroma tumor. to our knowledge, ossifying fibroma has not been reported in birds so far, and this is the first kn ...200819216260
species of botryosphaeriaceae occurring on proteaceae.the botryosphaeriaceae includes several species that are serious canker and leaf pathogens of proteaceae. in the present study, sequence data for the its nrdna region were used in conjunction with morphological observations to resolve the taxonomy of species of botryosphaeriaceae associated with proteaceae. neofusicoccum luteum was confirmed from buckinghamia and banksia in australia, and on protea cynaroides in south africa. a major pathogen of banksia coccinea in australia was shown to be n. a ...200820396581
intestinal barrier dysfunction, endotoxemia, and gastrointestinal symptoms: the 'canary in the coal mine' during exercise-heat stress?reduced intestinal blood flow and high intestinal temperatures during exercise-heat stress can lead to intestinal barrier dysfunction. such dysfunction may increase intestinal permeability to endotoxin. during exercise-heat stress, intestinal barrier dysfunction and endotoxemia can produce gastrointestinal symptoms and increased production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. such problems may be a warning sign ('canary in the coal mine') for the onset of exertional heat stroke. failure to heed such a ...200819208999
co-speech gesture in bimodal bilinguals.the effects of knowledge of sign language on co-speech gesture were investigated by comparing the spontaneous gestures of bimodal bilinguals (native users of american sign language and english; n = 13) and non-signing native english speakers (n = 12). each participant viewed and re-told the canary row cartoon to a non-signer whom they did not know. nine of the thirteen bimodal bilinguals produced at least one asl sign, which we hypothesise resulted from a failure to inhibit asl. compared with no ...200819430579
isolation and characterization of 21 microsatellite markers in the barn owl (tyto alba).we report 21 new polymorphic microsatellite markers in the european barn owl (tyto alba). the polymorphism of the reported markers was evaluated in a population situated in western switzerland and in another from tenerife, canary islands. the number of alleles per locus varies between two and 31, and expected heterozygosity per population ranges from 0.16 to 0.95. all loci are in hardy-weinberg equilibrium and no linkage disequilibrium was detected. two loci exhibit a null allele in the tenerife ...200821585946
dna from herbarium specimens settles a controversy about origins of the european potato.landrace potato cultivars are native to two areas in south america: the high andes from eastern venezuela to northern argentina and the lowlands of south-central chile. potato first appeared outside of south america in europe in 1567 and rapidly diffused worldwide. two competing hypotheses suggested the origin of the "european" potato from the andes or from lowland chile, but the andean origin has been widely accepted over the last 60 years. all modern potato cultivars predominantly have chilean ...200821632349
opportunistic nectar-feeding birds are effective pollinators of bird-flowers from canary islands: experimental evidence from isoplexis canariensis (scrophulariaceae).insular floras, characterized by simple pollination networks, sometimes include novel mutualistic agents such as nonspecialist nectarivores. in this study we confirmed the effective pollination of isoplexis canariensis by opportunistic nectar-feeding birds in tenerife, canary islands, spain. this plant is among the ornithophilous species of the canarian flora that lack past and present specialist nectarivorous birds. experimental hand pollinations revealed self-compatibility, but cross-pollinate ...200821628148
hybridization, polyploidy, and evolutionary transitions between monoecy and dioecy in bryonia (cucurbitaceae).correns's 1903 (berichte der deutschen botanischen gesellschaft 21: 133-147) crosses between a monoecious and a dioecious species of bryonia revealed the simple mendelian inheritance of dioecy and provided the first instance of an xy sex determination system in any organism. bryonia ranges from the canary islands to central asia and comprises seven dioecious and three monoecious species; its closest relative, ecballium elaterium, has dioecious and monoecious populations. we used chloroplast (cp) ...200821632334
does macaronesia exist? conflicting signal in the bryophyte and pteridophyte floras.macaronesia, which includes five mid-atlantic archipelagos (azores, madeira, selvagems, canaries, and cape verdes), has been traditionally recognized as a distinct biogeographic unit whose circumscription has been intimately associated with the hypothesis that the flora is a relict of a formerly broadly distributed subtropical tertiary flora. the concept of macaronesia is revisited here using parsimony and bayesian analyses of floristic data sets for the moss, liverwort, and pteridophyte floras. ...200721636431
the diversity of phytoseiid mite communities in the maghreb comparisons with the fauna of one of the canary islands.phytoseiid mite diversity was surveyed on wild and cultivated plants in morocco and tunisia from 1994 to 2003. results were associated with those obtained in previous surveys conducted by other authors in algeria and in one of the canary islands (gran canaria). they showed, 21 species are known from tunisia (1 was known before), 53 from algeria, 41 from morocco (15 were known before) and 23 from the canary island. eight were known from all these islands before the data published in 2003 concerni ...200717985575
butyrylcholinesterase, apoe and alzheimer's disease in a population from the canary islands (spain).cholinergic dysfunction is a major neurochemical feature in alzheimer's disease (ad), accountable for many cognitive dysfunctions and some psychiatric symptoms. butyrylcholinesterase (bche) is one of the cholinesterases with increased activity in the brain of alzheimer's patients. several mutations code for different bche, such as the k variant, which is the most common and is capable of reducing bche activity by 30%. we studied the relationship between this k variant and alzheimer's disease in ...200717923322
prevalence of the metabolic syndrome among schizophrenic patients hospitalized in the canary islands.schizophrenic patients have a higher standardized mortality rate than that expected for the rest of the population. the prevalence of the metabolic syndrome is high among them, this increase coronary risk twofold to fourfold. this study aims to find out the prevalence of the metabolic syndrome among patients with schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder who have been admitted to an acute psychiatric ward and the sociodemographic, evolutive and psychopharmaceutical variables related to it. we a ...200718004674
association of the microsatellite in the 3' untranslated region of the cd154 gene with rheumatoid arthritis in females from a spanish cohort: a case-control study.cd40-cd154 interaction is an important mediator of inflammation and has been implicated in t helper type 1-mediated autoimmune diseases including rheumatoid arthritis (ra). linkage studies have shown association of markers in the proximity of the cd154 gene. in the present work we investigated whether specific allele variants of the microsatellite in the 3' utr of the cd154 gene might modulate the risk of ra. the study, in a case-control setting, included 189 patients and 150 healthy controls fr ...200717845713
a woman and her canary: a tale of chlamydiae and lymphomas. 200717848672
molecular and quantitative trait variation across the native range of the invasive species hypericum canariense: evidence for ancient patterns of colonization via pre-adaptation?to understand the success of invasive species, it is important to know whether colonization events are facilitated by adaptive evolution or are limited to sites where a species is pre-adapted to thrive. studies of the ancient colonization patterns of an invader in its native range provide an opportunity to examine its natural history of adaptation and colonization. this study uses molecular (internal transcribed spacer sequence and amplified fragment length polymorphism) and common garden approa ...200717850270
population history of berthelot's pipit: colonization, gene flow and morphological divergence in macaronesia.the fauna of oceanic islands provide exceptional models with which to examine patterns of dispersal, isolation and diversification, from incipient speciation to species level radiations. here, we investigate recent differentiation and microevolutionary change in berthelot's pipit (anthus berthelotii), an endemic bird species inhabiting three atlantic archipelagos. mitochondrial dna sequence data and microsatellite markers were used to deduce probable colonization pathway, genetic differentiation ...200717908210
does testosterone mediate the trade-off between nestling begging and growth in the canary (serinus canaria)?nestling birds solicit food from their parents with vigorous begging displays, involving posturing, jostling and calling. in some species, such as canaries, begging is especially costly because it causes a trade off against nestling growth. fitness costs of begging like this are predicted by evolutionary theory because they function to resolve conflicts of interest within the family over the provision of parental investment. however, the mechanism that links these costs with nestling behaviour r ...200717915222
experiences with new generation vaccines against equine viral arteritis, west nile disease and african horse sickness.viral diseases constitute an ever growing threat to the horse industry worldwide because of the rapid movement of large numbers of horses for competition and breeding. a number of different types of vaccines are available for protective immunization of horses against viral diseases. traditional inactivated and live-attenuated (modified live virus, mlv) virus vaccines remain popular and efficacious but recombinant vaccines are increasingly being developed and used, in part because of the perceive ...200717267078
molecular systematics and biogeography of resedaceae based on its and trnl-f sequences.the resedaceae, containing 6 genera and ca. 85 species, are widely distributed in the old world, with a major center of species diversity in the mediterranean basin. phylogenetic analyses of its and plastid trnl-trnf sequences of 66 species from all genera of the resedaceae reveal (1) monophyly of the family, in congruence with preliminary phylogenetic studies; (2) molecular support for the traditional morphological subdivision of the resedaceae into three tribes according to ovary and placentat ...200717300965
a biological quality index for volcanic andisols and aridisols (canary islands, spain): variations related to the ecosystem degradation.the aim of this work is to identify indicators of biological activity in soils from the canary islands, by studying the variation of selected biological parameters related to the processes of deforestation and accelerated soil degradation affecting the canarian natural ecosystems. ten plots with different degrees of maturity/degradation have been selected in three typical habitats in the canary islands: laurel forest, pine forest and xerophytic scrub with andisols and aridisols as the most commo ...200717316768
collagen type 1 (col1a1) sp1 binding site polymorphism is associated with osteoporotic fractures but not with bone density in post-menopausal women from the canary islands: a preliminary study.an association between the polymorphism for transcription factor sp1 in the gene col1a1 and low bone density (bmd) and osteoporotic fractures has been described but not confirmed for all races and ages. the aim of this preliminary work was to ascertain whether this association is present in women from the canary islands.200717332715
renal implications of increased intra-abdominal pressure: are the kidneys the canary for abdominal hypertension?increased intra-abdominal pressure (iap) or intra-abdominal hypertension (iah) is a cause of organ dysfunction in critically ill patients and is independently associated with mortality. the kidneys seem to be especially vulnerable to iah induced dysfunction and renal failure is one of the most consistently described organ dysfunctions associated with iah. the aim of this paper is to review the historical background, awareness, definitions, pathophysiologic implications and treatment options for ...200717469709
mekc combined with spe and sample stacking for multiple analysis of pesticides in water samples at the ng/l level.in this work, a new multiresidue analytical method based on mekc with uv detection combined with spe as off-line preconcentration strategy, and reversed-electrode polarity stacking mode (repsm) as on-line stacking procedure, has been developed for the monitoring of 12 pesticides (carbendazim, pirimicarb, metalaxyl, pyrimethanil, procymidone, nuarimol, azoxystrobin, tebufenozide, fenarimol, benalaxyl, penconazole, and tetradifon) that are currently being used in the canary islands (spain). the op ...200717476718
municipal distribution of breast cancer mortality among women in spain.spain has one of the lowest rates of breast cancer in europe, though estimated incidence has risen substantially in recent decades. some years ago, the spanish cancer mortality atlas showed spain as having a heterogeneous distribution of breast cancer mortality at a provincial level. this paper describes the municipal distribution of breast cancer mortality in spain and its relationship with socio-economic indicators.200717488519
occurrence of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in artisanal palmero cheese smoked with two types of vegetable matter.palmero cheese is a fresh smoked cheese from the isle of palma (canary islands), manufactured with goat's milk. to guarantee its safety, the occurrence of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (pah) in artisanal palmero cheese smoked with 2 types of vegetable matter (almond shells and dry prickly pear) was studied. the determination of pah includes extraction and clean-up steps, followed by separation, identification, and quantification of pah by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry in selected ion-m ...200717517711
phylogeography of a ground beetle species in la gomera (canary islands): the effects of landscape topology and population history.paraeutrichopus pecoudi (coleoptera, carabidae) is a species endemic to the mountain laurel forests of la gomera in the canary archipelago. la gomera is an island of volcanic origin (9.4 mya), where a well-preserved laurel forest is partly fragmented by valleys and ridges. historically restricted gene flow with isolation by distance are deduced at different clade levels for p. pecoudi populations, an expected scenario arising from landscape discontinuity, which has caused local isolation of thes ...200717519964
[obesity of health shift workers from the canary islands, spain]. 200717524321
genetic structure and evolution of natural populations of viruses causing the tomato yellow leaf curl disease in spain.the population structure and genetic variation of two begomoviruses: tomato yellow leaf curl sardinia virus (tylcsv) and tomato yellow leaf curl virus (tylcv) in tomato crops of spain were studied from 1997 until 2001. restriction digestion of a genomic region comprised of the cp coat protein gene (cpr) of 358 tylc virus isolates enabled us to classify them into 14 haplotypes. nucleotide sequences of two genomic regions: cpr, and the surrounding intergenic region (sir) were determined for at lea ...200717524509
coral reef canary. 200717539495
phylogeography of the invasive seaweed asparagopsis (bonnemaisoniales, rhodophyta) reveals cryptic diversity.the rhodophyte seaweed asparagopsis armata harvey is distributed in the northern and southern temperate zones, and its congener asparagopsis taxiformis (delile) trevisan abounds throughout the tropics and subtropics. here, we determine intraspecific phylogeographic patterns to compare potential causes of the disjunctions in the distributions of both species. we obtained specimens throughout their ranges and inferred phylogenies from the hypervariable domains d1-d3 of the nuclear rdna lsu, the pl ...200717561891
[characteristics of the diabetic patients referred for the first time to the nephrologist].diabetic nephropathy (dn) has become the main cause of end-stage renal disease. in our country, this problem is specially relevant in canary islands, where dn is the cause of renal failure in 39% of patients included in dialysis programs. the importance of this situation and the relevance of an adequate referral to the nephrologist, prompt us to study the characteristics of diabetic patients referrred to our outpatient clinic.200717564559
detection of four adenovirus serotypes within water-isolated strains of acanthamoeba in the canary islands, spain.we surveyed 236 potentially pathogenic acanthamoeba strains, isolated from water sources in the canary islands, for the presence of human adenoviruses (hadv) using a polymerase chain reaction (pcr)-based typing assay. a total of 34 of these strains were found to be positive for adenovirus belonging to four different hadv serotypes (hadv-1, 2, 8, and 37). we found that hadv-2 was the most frequently encountered serotype amongst the acanthamoeba strains, and their identification was confirmed by a ...200717978083
geographical variation in cloacal microflora and bacterial antibiotic resistance in a threatened avian scavenger in relation to diet and livestock farming practices.the impact on wildlife health of the increase in the use of antimicrobial agents with the intensification of livestock production remains unknown. the composition, richness and prevalence of cloacal microflora as well as bacterial resistance to antibiotics in nestlings and full-grown egyptian vultures neophron percnopterus were assessed in four areas of spain in which the degree of farming intensification differs. differences in diet composition, especially the role of stabled livestock carrion, ...200717564607
rhabdomyolysis and myoglobinuric nephrosis (capture myopathy) in a striped dolphin.this report describes delayed myoglobinuric capture myopathy in a striped dolphin (stenella coeruleoalba) found stranded alive on the coast of fuerteventura (canary islands, spain). the animal was transported to gran canaria where it died 48 hr after stranding. the main lesions consisted of acute rhabdomyolysis affecting both cardiac and skeletal muscles, and myoglobinuric nephrosis. using immunohistochemistry, degenerate myofibers with depletion of myoglobin, and an intracytoplasmatic immunorea ...200717984278
introduction of non-b subtypes among spaniards newly diagnosed with hiv type 1 in the canary islands.the spanish canary islands face the northwest coast of africa, being one gate of entrance of african immigrants into europe and of hiv-1 non-b strains, prevalent in most african regions. the presence and nature of hiv-1 non-b subtypes were examined in spanish natives newly diagnosed with hiv-1 infection from 1998 to 2004 in a reference hospital located in one of the largest islands of the archipelago. subtyping of hiv-1 pol genes was performed in 139 out of 429 individuals found to be hiv-1 posi ...200717451342
[macrolide-resistant streptococcus pneumoniae on the islands of gran canaria and lanzarote (spain): molecular mechanisms and serogroup relationships].macrolide resistance in streptococcus pneumoniae is coded by the ermb and mefa/e genes. the aim of this study was to determine the status of macrolide-resistance, the molecular mechanisms involved, the serogroup relationships, and the level of co-resistance in s. pneumoniae isolates from gran canaria and lanzarote, in the canary islands, spain.200717953897
population structure of the banana weevil, an introduced pest in the canary islands, studied by rapd analysis.the banana weevil (bw), cosmopolites sordidus (coleoptera: curculionidae), is one of the most important insect pests of bananas and plantains. the mobility and the origin of bw infestations at the canary islands (tenerife, la gomera and la palma) have been analysed using random amplified polymorphic dna (rapd) as molecular markers. populations from costa rica, colombia, uganda and madeira were also included for comparison. one hundred and fifteen reproducible bands from eight primers were obtain ...200717997871
active camouflage with lichens in a terrestrial snail, napaeus (n.) barquini alonso and ibáñez, 2006 (gastropoda, pulmonata, enidae).napaeus barquini alonso and ibáñez, 2006, from la gomera, canary islands, lives most commonly on open rock faces covered with crustose lichens. in living specimens, the surface of the shell is covered with a lichen layer that is arranged in the form of protuberances, thereby considerably altering the appearance of the shell. some of these protuberances may even extend beyond the tip of the shell. the way that these lichens are positioned on the shell and the manner in which they adhere were inve ...200717960990
[needs of the family of intensive care patients: perception of the family and the professional].compare the degree of family satisfaction of patients admitted to our intensive care unit (icu) with the perception of the professional on the care setting and information received.200717663953
dynamics of violaxanthin and lutein epoxide xanthophyll cycles in lauraceae tree species under field conditions.two xanthophyll cycles have been described in higher plants: the violaxanthin xanthophyll (v or vaz) cycle, which is present in all species, and the taxonomically restricted lutein epoxide xanthophyll (lx) cycle, which involves the light-induced de-epoxidation of lx to lutein (l) and its epoxidation back to lx in low light. laboratory experiments indicate that the first reaction occurs quickly, but the second reaction is much slower. we investigated the lx cycle under field conditions in several ...200717669731
serum levels of insulin-like growth factor-i in relation to organochlorine pesticides exposure.insulin-like growth factor 1 (igf-i) and organochlorine pesticides (ocs) have been involved in the pathogenesis of several diseases like cancer, diabetes and growth disorders.200717601760
mucor ramosissimus associated with feather loss in canaries (serinus canarius).three canaries showing feather loss on legs, dorsum, neck, and head, and hyperkeratosis on the feet were sacrificed because of their poor corporal condition and submitted to the unit of histology and anatomic pathology at the veterinary school of las palmas de gran canaria. histologically, skin revealed pronounced epidermal and follicular infundibular hyperplasia associated with orthokeratotic hyperkeratosis. numerous fungal spores were observed on the stratum corneum of the epidermis and within ...200717626501
diuretic activity of withania aristata: an endemic canary island species.this study reports on the pharmacological evaluation of the diuretic activity of an infusion and a methanol extract of withania aristata ait. in laboratory rats. water excretion rate, ph, density, conductivity, and content of na(+), k(+) and cl(-) were measured in the urine of rats subjected to hypersaline conditions. both the infusion and the methanol extract showed a significant diuretic effect compared with non-treated controls, with notable increases in the rates of water and sodium excretio ...200717706904
the application of business models to medical research: interviews with two founders of directed-philanthropy foundations. interview with scott johnson and don listwin by kathryn a. phillips.a new trend in research funding has emerged: directed philanthropy, in which the donor plays an active, hands-on role in managing the research by applying a "business model." although such efforts now represent only a small portion of foundation funding, they have potentially far-reaching implications because (1) the approach of using a business model is being applied more broadly and (2) the success or failure of these efforts may portend the fate of larger translational efforts. the author con ...200717630462
mumps in young adults: the canary in the coal mine. 200717638941
different mesorhizobium species sharing the same symbiotic genes nodulate the shrub legume anagyris latifolia.the isolation and characterization of six rhizobial strains isolated from anagyris latifolia, a shrub legume endemic to the canary islands, is reported in this study. the isolates were characterized by 16s-ardra, and sequencing of the ribosomal 16srrna gene, the 16s-23srdna intergenic spacer region, and the housekeeping gene for glutamine synthetase ii (glnii). the phylogenies based on the three types of sequences matched, showing that the isolates belonged to three distinct lineages within the ...200717720348
behavior as a tool for welfare improvement and conservation management in the endangered lizard (gallotia bravoana).the study assessed the behavior of gallotia bravoana (la gomera, canary islands, one of the world's most threatened reptiles) to facilitate management decisions and improve welfare during initial stages of a species' recovery plan. the study analyzed--and remote-controlled video cameras filmed-the behavior of lizards housed in 3 outdoor enclosures, from may to september 2000. daily activity showed a bimodal or unimodal pattern, all specimens basking more during june, with the largest male was th ...200717645405
living on the edge: demographic and phylogeographical patterns in the woodlouse-hunter spider dysdera lancerotensis simon, 1907 on the eastern volcanic ridge of the canary islands.the eastern canary islands are the emerged tips of a continuous volcanic ridge running parallel to the northeastern african coast, originated by episodic volcanic eruptions that can be traced back to the miocene and that, following a major period of quiescence and erosion, continued from the pliocene to the present day. the islands have been periodically connected by eustatic sea-level changes resulting from pleistocene glacial cycles. the ground-dwelling spider dysdera lancerotensis simon, 1907 ...200717651197
content of toxic heavy metals (mercury, lead, and cadmium) in canned variegated scallops (chlamys varia).the concentrations of three toxic heavy metals, mercury (hg), lead (pb), and cadmium (cd), were determined in preserved variegated scallops (chlamys varia, bivalvia, mollusca), which are often consumed in tenerife (canary islands, spain). a total of 300 samples of seven commercial brands (a, b, d, h, j, l, and m) and one processed product ("scallop sauce") were analyzed. samples were collected weekly in a major shopping area in santa cruz de tenerife during a 12-month period. the concentrations ...200718095454
increased risk of breast cancer in women bearing a combination of large cag and ggn repeats in the exon 1 of the androgen receptor gene.the exon 1 of the human androgen receptor gene (ar) contains both cag (polyglutamine) and ggn (polyglycine) repeat length polymorphisms. large cag repeats have been related to an increased risk of breast cancer (bc), whereas the influence of the ggn repeats is still unclear. here, we have studied how the length of cag and ggn repeats is associated with the risk of bc in a population from tenerife (canary islands, spain). the study was carried out on 257 woman diagnosed with bc and 393 controls, ...200717728127
antidepressant activity of some hypericum reflexum l. fil. extracts in the forced swimming test in mice.we previously reported that oral administration of the methanol extract obtained from the aerial part in blossom of hypericum reflexum l. fil. was active in the tetrabenazine and forced swimming test. in the present study, the effect of the aqueous, butanol and chloroform fractions obtained from the methanol extract of this species on the central nervous system was investigated in mice, particularly in animal models of depression. antidepressant activity was detected in the butanol and chlorofor ...200717383128
selection of plants for roles in phytoremediation: the importance of glucosylation.over-expression and transposon mutagenesis in root cultures of arabidopsis thaliana demonstrated the importance of the family 1 glycosyltransferase ugt72b1 in catalysing the n-glucosylation of the persistent pollutant 3,4-dichloroaniline (dca). in phytotoxicity studies with dca in seedlings, over-expression of ugt72b1 enhanced sensitivity, whereas the knockouts were more resistant than the controls. in contrast, manipulating the expression of ugt72b1 had no effect on the o-glucosylation, or toxi ...200717573805
human oestrus sp. infection, canary islands. 200717582906
study on the species-specificity of isospora michaelbakeri by experimental infection.isospora michaelbakeri is one of the isospora species most commonly found in the wild field, which can cause severe infection and mortality in young sparrows. in this study, we selected i. michaelbakeri (chung hsing strain) as a pathogen to orally inoculate russet sparrows (passer rutilans), spotted munia (lonchura punctulata), canary (serinus canaria), java sparrows (padda oryzivora), chicken (gallus domesticus), ducks (anas platyrhynchos) and balb/c mice. the results indicated that i. michaelb ...200717385558
plumage carotenoids of the pin-tailed manakin (ilicura militaris): evidence for the endogenous production of rhodoxanthin from a colour variant.the pin-tailed manakin (ilicura militaris) is a small, sexually dimorphic, frugivorous suboscine songbird (pipridae; passeriformes; aves) endemic to the atlantic forest of brazil. a variant individual of this species was recently described in which the red patches that characterise the male's definitive plumage were replaced by orange-yellow ones. we show here that the pigments in the feathers of the colour variant are common dietary carotenoids (zeaxanthin, beta-cryptoxanthin), not carotenoids ...200717400013
habitat use and phenology of the large insular endemic grasshopper acrostira euphorbiae (orthoptera: pamphagidae).the habitat use and the phenology of the large grasshopper acrostira euphorbiae garcía and oromí endemic to la palma (canary islands) are studied. this grasshopper is entirely dependent on the canarian endemic shrub euphorbia lamarckii both for food and to avoid predation. adults stay on subapical branches during the day, probably to reduce the risk of predation, and climb up to the apex at night to feed. while females seem to ensure the genetic diversity of offspring by waiting for visits by di ...200717411476
genomic resources for songbird research and their use in characterizing gene expression during brain development.vocal learning and neuronal replacement have been studied extensively in songbirds, but until recently, few molecular and genomic tools for songbird research existed. here we describe new molecular/genomic resources developed in our laboratory. we made cdna libraries from zebra finch (taeniopygia guttata) brains at different developmental stages. a total of 11,000 cdna clones from these libraries, representing 5,866 unique gene transcripts, were randomly picked and sequenced from the 3' ends. a ...200717426146
[satisfaction survey administered to the relatives of critical patients].to know the family needs of patients admitted to our intensive care unit (icu).200717433182
species differences in auditory processing dynamics in songbird auditory telencephalon.the caudomedial nidopallium (ncm) of songbirds is a telencephalic area involved in the auditory processing and memorization of complex vocal communication signals. we used pure tone stimuli and multiunit electrophysiological recordings in awake birds to investigate whether the basic properties of song-responding circuits in ncm differ between canaries and zebra finches, two species whose songs are markedly different in their spectral and temporal organization. we found that the responses in zebr ...200717525994
limitations of biodiversity databases: case study on seed-plant diversity in tenerife, canary islands.databases on the distribution of species can be used to describe the geographic patterns of biodiversity. nevertheless, they have limitations. we studied three of these limitations: (1) inadequacy of raw data to describe richness patterns due to sampling bias, (2) lack of survey effort assessment (and lack of exhaustiveness in compiling data about survey effort), and (3) lack of coverage of the geographic and environmental variations that affect the distribution of organisms. we used a biodivers ...200717531062
clinical efficacy of antiparasite treatments against intestinal helminths and haematic protozoa in gallotia caesaris (lizards).intestinal helminths and blood protozoa are common parasites of lizards. in captivity they can be a serious problem, but no information on treatments is available. in this study, several antiparasitic drugs were studied in gallotia caesaris (lacertida) from la gomera, the canary islands, spain. a lack of efficacy of chloroquine, and a decrease in haemogregarine (apicomplexa) infection by atovaquone-proguanil was demonstrated. furthermore, a positive effect of fenbendazole against intestinal nema ...200717399704
confirmation of and explanations for elevated blood lead and other disorders in children exposed to water disinfection and fluoridation chemicals.silicofluorides (sifs), fluosilicic acid (fsa) and sodium fluosilicate (nafsa), are used to fluoridate over 90% of us fluoridated municipal water supplies. living in communities with silicofluoride treated water (sifw) is associated with two neurotoxic effects: (1) prevalence of children with elevated blood lead (pbb>10microg/dl) is about double that in non-fluoridated communities (risk ratio 2, chi2p<0.01). sifw is associated with serious corrosion of lead-bearing brass plumbing, producing elev ...200717420053
cryptosporidium in patients with diarrhoea, on tenerife, canary islands, spain. 200717716438
first larval record of mesocestoides in carnivora of tenerife (canary islands).larvae of mesocestoides sp. were recovered in tenerife (canary islands) in 2004 from the peritoneal cavities of 2 domestic dogs and a domestic cat. morphological and molecular identification were carried out. mesocestoides litteratus from vulpes vulpes was sequenced for the first time using the its-2 region (18s rdna), and was included in the phylogenetic analysis to compare the sequence variability among these and other mesocestoides spp. belonging to different carnivores. phylogenetic studies ...200717436953
the societal costs of intracerebral hemorrhage in spain.this study estimates the lifetime societal costs associated with incident intracerebral hemorrhage (ich) in spain. an epidemiological model of ich incidence, survival and morbidity was developed using retrospective data from 28 hospitals in andalusia and published data identified in a systematic literature review. data on resource utilization and costs were obtained from five hospitals in the canary islands, whereas cost of outpatient care, informal care and lost productivity were obtained from ...200717437616
ozone in spain's national parks and protected forests.in general, it is difficult to measure air pollutant concentrations in remote areas, as they are mostly national parks and protected areas. passive samplers provide an accurate and inexpensive method for measuring cumulative exposures of different air pollutants. they have been used to collect ozone data in both laboratory and field at different geographical scales. the objective of the present study is to fill the knowledge gap regarding air quality in remote areas of spain, such as national pa ...200717450282
atoxoplasma spp. infection in captive canaries (serinus canaria).clinical signs, histopathological and ultrastructural findings associated with atoxoplasma spp. natural infection in captive canaries (serinus canaria) are described. intracytoplasmic atoxoplasma-like protozoa were found in the liver and lung. in the liver, protozoa were found in hepatocytes and kupffer's cells and were associated with granulomatous hepatitis and a marked bile duct hyperplasia. an usual finding was the presence of infected mononuclear cells adhered to the endothelium of the bloo ...200717359450
principal component analysis for soil contamination with organochlorine compounds.in order to investigate the distribution pattern of individual organochlorine compounds in soil samples collected from the sites (canary island - spain, china, germany, india, romania, russia, serbia, swiss, uk) affected by industrial activities to the more remote areas, principal component analysis was performed on the data taken from literature. loading plots pointed out the strong correlation among the variables. score plots revealed similar pcb- and ocp-soil patterns for majority of the inve ...200717360024
molecular characterization of novel circoviruses from finch and gull.the purpose of this study was to molecularly characterize circoviruses that infect finches and gulls. circovirus-specific dnas were isolated using polymerase chain reaction methods from bursa of fabricius tissues from a gouldian finch (chloebia gouldiae) and a herring gull (larus argentatus) that were known to be circovirus-infected. nucleotide sequence determination and analysis of cloned genomic dnas showed that these circoviruses represented novel members of the genus circovirus of the family ...200717364513
pcdd/f in source-sorted waste fractions and emissions from their co-combustion with reed canary-grass.the dry combustible fraction of source-sorted household waste, including material that would otherwise be recycled, was mixed with the energy crop reed canary-grass (phalaris arundinacea l.), and combusted as briquettes in 150 and 600 kw biofuel-boilers without advanced cleaning systems. the source-sorted waste was further sorted and characterized according to its material and chemical contents. the bulk of the waste's chlorine content came from the non-package plastic fraction, whereas 90-95% o ...200717085031
evolution and diversification of the forest and hypogean ground-beetle genus trechus in the canary islands.the beetle genus trechus (carabidae) is represented in the macaronesian islands by 43 endemic species. the canary islands have 16 endemic species, with two adapted to hypogean life. phylogenetic relationships among 177 individuals of 38 canarian, madeiran, azorean and continental trechus species were examined using mitochondrial dna and nuclear internal transcribed spacer 2 (its2) sequence data. results show two main lineages in the canaries: one comprising two sister groups with species from th ...200717116412
isolation of potentially pathogenic strains of acanthamoeba in wild squirrels from the canary islands and morocco.in this study, a survey was conducted in order to determine the presence and pathogenic potential of free-living amoebae of acanthamoeba genus in a population of barbary ground squirrels in fuerteventura island (canary islands, spain) and morocco. identification of acanthamoeba was based on the morphology of cyst and trophozoite forms and pcr amplification with a genus specific primer pair. the pathogenic potential of acanthamoeba isolates was characterized using pcrs with two primer pairs relat ...200717459380
is the canary still singing? 200717197785
vitamin a requirements of alipochromatic ('recessive-white') and coloured canaries (serinus canaria) during the breeding season.six pairs of alipochromatic ('recessive-white') canaries (serinus canaria) and six pairs of coloured canaries were kept through a complete breeding cycle while being fed a diet providing 12,000 iu vitamin a/kg. the eggs of three pairs (one recessive-white and two coloured) were all unfertilised and there were only 23 hatchlings (14 recessive-white and nine coloured), of which 14 (10 recessive-white and four coloured) were alive after the first moult. however, there was no clinical, biochemical o ...200717209090
wide distribution of related satellite dna families within the genus pimelia (tenebrionidae).major satellites of species in the genus pimelia comprise large portions of their genomes and belong to seven major satellite families which all originate from a common ancestral sequence. here we present the results of comprehensive screening of 26 pimelia species belonging to three distinct geographic groups (ibero-balearic, african and canary islands) for the presence of different pimelia satellite families in their genomes. dot-blot hybridization experiments suggest that together with one do ...200716897459
study of metals concentration levels in patella piperata throughout the canary islands, spain.in order to assess the extent of metal contamination at rocky shores of the canarian archipelago, metal concentrations have been measured in patella piperata (gould, 1846), using the standard atomic absorption spectrophotometer technique. ranges of elements concentrations measured (in microg g(-1)) found in the biota were: cd (0.36 +/- 0.26 microg g(-1) dry wt.), cu (2.05 +/- 0.91 dry wt.), pb (1.57 +/- 1.14 microg g(-1)dry wt.) and zn (10.37 +/- 4.60 microg g(-1) dry wt.). variation in metal co ...200717171292
nutritional determinants of plasma total homocysteine distribution in the canary islands.we sought to define plasma homocysteine reference values in healthy individuals in the canary islands and to determine its relations to folate and vitamin b12 intakes and concentrations.200716885934
safety culture and accident analysis--a socio-management approach based on organizational safety social capital.one of the biggest challenges for organizations in today's competitive business environment is to create and preserve a self-sustaining safety culture. typically, the key drivers of safety culture in many organizations are regulation, audits, safety training, various types of employee exhortations to comply with safety norms, etc. however, less evident factors like networking relationships and social trust amongst employees, as also extended networking relationships and social trust of organizat ...200716911855
genetic divergence and phylogeography in the genus nyctalus (mammalia, chiroptera): implications for population history of the insular bat nyctalus azoreum.we used three mitochondrial dna fragments with different substitution rates (nd1, cyt b and the cr) to infer phylogenetic relationships among six species of the genus nyctalus, and compare levels of genetic divergence between the insular, vulnerable nyctalus azoreum and its continental counterpart to assess the origins of the azorean bat. the larger species found throughout the palaearctic region (n. lasiopterus, n. aviator and n. noctula) share a unique chromosome formula (2n=42) and form a mon ...200716941086
mineralization rate of eroded organic c in andosols of the canary islands.the aim of this paper is to determine the biological dynamism of the organic c forms bonded to soil particles mobilized by water erosion in andosols of the canary islands, to evaluate their susceptibility towards mineralization processes and the role of sediments as sources or sinks of atmospheric co(2) in these soils. the study was carried out in tenerife (canary islands) on three 200 m(2) experimental plots of the resel programme on silic andosols under forest, 3 years after being subjected to ...200717292946
[fever of intermediate duration after return from the canary islands].a 35 year old patient presented to the emergency room with high fever, headache and a maculopapular rash after returning from the canary islands. elevated levels of ldh and transaminases and thrombopenia developed during the further hospital course. this presentation is common for an infection with rickettsia typhi. therapy with doxycycline is usually effective and should be instituted promptly. the patient's fever remitted 48 h after the first dose. fever of intermediate duration has been descr ...200717308911
molecular identification and characterization of wine yeasts isolated from tenerife (canary island, spain).the present study was aimed at the identification, differentiation and characterization of indigenous yeasts isolated from tenerife vineyards (viticulture region that has never been characterized before). microbiota were studied from 14 samples taken during fermentations carried out in the 2002 vintage, from 11 wineries belonging to five wine regions on tenerife island.200717381745
[antibiotic use in the pediatric population: factors to consider].the aim of this retrospective study was to analyze the use of antibiotics in pediatrics in the canary islands during the period 2001-2005. we used the defined daily dose (ddd) as a technical unit of measurement as well as the ddd/1000 habitants/day (dhd), following the atc classification system. the demographic data were obtained from individual patient health cards assigned to the primary care pediatricians. during the period 2001-2005, the total number of prescriptions for antibiotics in pedia ...200718563214
lymphoplasmacytic myenteric, subepicardial, and pulmonary ganglioneuritis in four nonpsittacine birds.a disease condition with clinical and pathologic findings compatible with psittacine proventricular dilatation disease was diagnosed in a canary (serinus canaria), a greenfinch (carduelis chloris), a long-wattled umbrellabird (cephalopterus penduliger), and a bearded barbet (lybius dubius). the canary and the greenfinch were kept as pets by different owners, whereas the bearded barbet and the long-wattled umbrellabird were kept in separate mixed species enclosures at the barcelona zoo. clinical ...200718087938
rapid method for total carotenoid detection in canary yellow-fleshed watermelon.yellow-fleshed watermelons (citrullus lanatus[thunb.] matsum. and nakai) contain many different carotenoids, all in low to trace amounts. since there is not 1 predominant carotenoid in yellow-fleshed watermelon, testing the total carotenoid content among watermelon lines is important in determining the antioxidant potential and thus potential health benefits of different varieties. unfortunately, current methods to assay total carotenoid content are time consuming and require organic solvents. t ...200717995749
description and culture of a new succulenticolous didymium (myxomycetes).a new succulenticolous myxomycete species, didymium wildpretii, found on decaying remains of various species of cacti, is described from two arid zones of the world. this species was collected from central mexico, at the southern limit of the chihuahuan desert, and from the canary islands (spain). the new species has small, pale yellow sporocarps, 0.1-0.7 mm high, that are sessile or have short, orange-yellow, calcareous stalks and small, uniformly warted spores. the stability of the taxonomic c ...200718065011
green matters! growing vegetation stimulates breeding under short-day conditions in wild canaries (serinus canaria). 200718057330
hypersensitivity pneumonitis as a cause of airway-centered interstitial fibrosis.airway-centered interstitial fibrosis (acif) has been postulated to be related to environmental exposures.200718051218
differentiation of two canary do red wines according to their metal content from inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry and graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry by using probabilistic neural networks.the metal content of 54 commercialized wines (30 samples from tacoronte-acentejo do (class t) and 24 valle de la orotava do (class o) wines) was performed by icp-oes (al, ba, cu, fe, mn, sr, zn, ca, k, na and mg) and gf-aas (ni and pb). wine samples were processed by dry ashing followed by solution with 5% nitric acid. metals were considered as suitable descriptors to differentiate between t and o classes. supervised learning pattern recognition procedures were applied. linear discriminant analy ...200719071612
first isolation of mycoplasma capricolum subsp. capricolum, one of the causal agents of caprine contagious agalactia, on the island of lanzarote (spain).during an unusually long period of bad weather, several outbreaks of caprine contagious agalactia (cca) were reported in a number of flocks on the island of lanzarote (canary islands, spain). clinical and subclinical mastitis in lactating goats and some cases of arthritis and pneumonia in kids were observed in the affected flocks. mycoplasma capricolum subsp. capricolum was isolated as the main causal agent of the outbreaks, associated with m. mycoides subsp. mycoides "large colony type" (mmm lc ...200716324858
pet therapy and institutionalized elderly: a study on 144 cognitively unimpaired subjects.the aim of this study was to assess whether a pet therapy program had a favorable effect on psychopathological status and perception of quality of life in cognitively unimpaired institutionalized elderly. seven elderly rest homes in veneto region of northern italy participated in the project, which was conducted on 144 cognitively intact elderly residents (97 females and 47 males). the participants were randomly divided into three groups: 48 subjects were given a canary, 43 subjects were given a ...200616191447
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