Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
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| putrescine-dependent re-localization of tvcp39, a cysteine proteinase involved in trichomonas vaginalis cytotoxicity. | polyamines are involved in the regulation of some trichomonas vaginalis virulence factors such as the transcript, proteolytic activity, and cytotoxicity of tvcp65, a cysteine proteinase (cp) involved in the trichomonal cytotoxicity. in this work, we reported the putrescine effect on tvcp39, other cp that also participate in the trichomonal cytotoxicity. parasites treated with 1,4-diamino-2-butanone (dab) (an inhibitor of putrescine biosynthesis), diminished the amount and proteolytic activity of ... | 2014 | 25251406 |
| trichocystatin-2 (tc-2): an endogenous inhibitor of cysteine proteinases in trichomonas vaginalis is associated with tvcp39. | the causal agent of trichomoniasis is a parasitic protist, trichomonas vaginalis, which is rich in proteolytic activity, primarily carried out by cysteine proteases (cps). some cps are known virulence factors. t. vaginalis also possesses three genes encoding endogenous cystatin-like cp inhibitors. the aim of this study was to identify and characterize one of these cp inhibitors. using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-de) and mass spectrometry (ms), a cystatin-like peptidase inhibitor dubbe ... | 2014 | 25200185 |
| comparative protein structure modeling using modeller. | functional characterization of a protein sequence is one of the most frequent problems in biology. this task is usually facilitated by accurate three-dimensional (3-d) structure of the studied protein. in the absence of an experimentally determined structure, comparative or homology modeling can sometimes provide a useful 3-d model for a protein that is related to at least one known protein structure. comparative modeling predicts the 3-d structure of a given protein sequence (target) based prim ... | 2014 | 25199792 |
| signal transduction triggered by iron to induce the nuclear importation of a myb3 transcription factor in the parasitic protozoan trichomonas vaginalis. | iron was previously shown to induce rapid nuclear translocation of a myb3 transcription factor in the protozoan parasite, trichomonas vaginalis. in the present study, iron was found to induce a transient increase in cellular camp, followed by the nuclear influx of myb3, whereas the latter was also induced by 8-bromo-cyclic amp. iron-inducible camp production and nuclear influx of myb3 were inhibited by suramin and sq22536, respective inhibitors of the gα subunit of heterotrimeric g proteins and ... | 2014 | 25183012 |
| phylogenomic study indicates widespread lateral gene transfer in entamoeba and suggests a past intimate relationship with parabasalids. | lateral gene transfer (lgt) has impacted the evolutionary history of eukaryotes, though to a lesser extent than in bacteria and archaea. detecting lgt and distinguishing it from single gene tree artifacts is difficult, particularly when considering very ancient events (i.e., over hundreds of millions of years). here, we use two independent lines of evidence--a taxon-rich phylogenetic approach and an assessment of the patterns of gene presence/absence--to evaluate the extent of lgt in the parasit ... | 2014 | 25146649 |
| biological roles of cysteine proteinases in the pathogenesis of trichomonas vaginalis. | human trichomonosis, infection with trichomonas vaginalis, is the most common non-viral sexually transmitted disease in the world. the host-parasite interaction and pathophysiological processes of trichomonosis remain incompletely understood. this review focuses on the advancements reached in the area of the pathogenesis of t. vaginalis, especially in the role of the cysteine proteinases. it highlights various approaches made in this field and lists a group of trichomonad cysteine proteinases in ... | 2014 | 25348828 |
| first report of trichomonas tenax infections in the philippines. | recent studies have reported trichomonas tenax as a cause of pleuropulmonary infections in humans. in this study, sputum and vaginal swab samples were collected from patients suffering from respiratory ailments in rodriguez, rizal and sex workers attending the social hygiene clinics in angeles city in pampanga, mandaluyong city and pasay city in metro manila, philippines, respectively. dna was extracted from samples and the 18s rrna gene was amplified and sequenced. phylogenetic trees were const ... | 2014 | 24406842 |
| trichomonas stableri n. sp., an agent of trichomonosis in pacific coast band-tailed pigeons (patagioenas fasciata monilis). | trichomonas gallinae is a ubiquitous flagellated protozoan parasite, and the most common etiologic agent of epidemic trichomonosis in columbid and passerine species. in this study, free-ranging pacific coast band-tailed pigeons (patagioenas fasciata monilis) in california (usa) were found to be infected with trichomonad protozoa that were genetically and morphologically distinct from t. gallinae. in microscopic analysis, protozoa were significantly smaller in length and width than t. gallinae an ... | 2014 | 24918075 |
| the parasite trichomonas vaginalis expresses thousands of pseudogenes and long non-coding rnas independently from functional neighbouring genes. | the human pathogen trichomonas vaginalis is a parabasalian flagellate that is estimated to infect 3% of the world's population annually. with a 160 megabase genome and up to 60,000 genes residing in six chromosomes, the parasite has the largest genome among sequenced protists. although it is thought that the genome size and unusual large coding capacity is owed to genome duplication events, the exact reason and its consequences are less well studied. | 2014 | 25326207 |
| prevalence of trichomonas vaginalis infection in kashan city, iran (2012-2013). | trichomonas vaginalis infection is one of the most common sexually transmitted diseases in humans. t.vaginalis is a parasitic protozoan with a predilection for human urogenital tract and causative agent for vaginitis, cervicitis and urethritis in females. t.vaginalis infection is associated with risk of human immunodeficiency virus infectivity and pregnancy complication. | 2014 | 25114674 |
| a dynamin-related protein contributes to trichomonas vaginalis hydrogenosomal fission. | trichomonas vaginalis is a highly divergent, unicellular eukaryote of the phylum metamonada, class parabasalia, and the source of a common sexually transmitted infection. this parasite lacks mitochondria, but harbors an evolutionarily related organelle, the hydrogenosome. we explored the role of dynamin-related proteins (drps) in the division of the hydrogenosome. eight drp homologues [t. vaginalis drps (tvdrps)], which can be grouped into 3 subclasses, are present in t. vaginalis. we examined 5 ... | 2014 | 24297697 |
| in and out of the minor groove: interaction of an at-rich dna with the drug cd27. | the dna of several pathogens is very rich in at base pairs. typical examples include the malaria parasite plasmodium falciparum and the causative agents of trichomoniasis and trypanosomiases. this fact has prompted studies of drugs which interact with the minor groove of dna, some of which are used in medical practice. previous studies have been performed almost exclusively with the aatt sequence. new features should be uncovered through the study of different dna sequences. in this paper, the c ... | 2014 | 24914972 |
| synthesis and evaluation of new polynuclear organometallic ru(ii), rh(iii) and ir(iii) pyridyl ester complexes as in vitro antiparasitic and antitumor agents. | new polynuclear organometallic platinum group metal (pgm) complexes containing di- and tripyridyl ester ligands have been synthesised and characterised using analytical and spectroscopic techniques including (1)h, (13)c nmr and infrared spectroscopy. reaction of these polypyridyl ester ligands with either [ru(p-cymene)cl2]2, [rh(c5me5)cl2]2 or [ir(c5me5)cl2]2 dimers yielded the corresponding di- or trinuclear organometallic complexes. the polyaromatic ester ligands act as monodentate donors to e ... | 2014 | 24121555 |
| determination of internal transcribed spacer regions (its) in trichomonas vaginalis isolates and differentiation among trichomonas species. | the nucleotide sequence of the 5.8s rrna gene and the flanked internal transcribed spacer (its) regions of six trichomonas vaginalis isolates with different metronidazole sensitivity and geographic origin were genotyped. a multiple sequence alignment was performed with different sequences of other isolates available at the genbank/embl/ddbj databases, which revealed 5 different sequence patterns. although a stable mutation in position 66 of the its1 (c66t) was observed in 26% (9/34) of the t. va ... | 2014 | 24412628 |
| gonococcal polyarthritis with sternoclavicular joint involvement in pregnant woman: a case report. | pregnancy is one of conditions that increase the risk of gonococcal arthritis which result from blood dissemination of neisseria gonorrhoeae. a 20-year-old africain female patient (in the second trimester of pregnancy), was admitted to hospital because of fever, asymmetric joint swollen affecting the hands, wrists, left ankle, and right sternoclavicular joint. laboratory findings (erythrocyte sedimentation rate was 117 mm in first hour, the serum c-reactive protein level was 152 mg/l) the gram s ... | 2014 | 25170386 |
| leishmania donovani eukaryotic initiation factor 5a: molecular characterization, localization and homology modelling studies. | eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5a (eif5a) is a small acidic protein highly conserved from archaea to mammals. eif5a is the only protein which undergoes a unique lysine residue modification to hypusine. hypusinylation is important for the function of eif5a which is reported to be essential for cell viability. eif5a promotes formation of the first peptide bond at the onset of protein synthesis. however, its function in leishmania donovani is unclear. the present study focuses on the char ... | 2014 | 24909104 |
| combining a synthetic spermicide with a natural trichomonacide for safe, prophylactic contraception. | can a specifically acting synthetic spermicide (dse-37) be combined with a natural microbicide (saponins) for safe, prophylactic contraception? | 2014 | 24291662 |
| the influence of art on the treatment of trichomonas vaginalis among hiv-infected women. | among women who are human immunodeficiency virus positive (hiv+), both prevalent and persistent infections with trichomonas vaginalis (tv) are common. tv has been shown to increase vaginal shedding of hiv, which may influence hiv sexual and perinatal transmission, making prevention important. in 1 cohort of hiv+ women in kenya, antiretroviral therapy (art) use, mostly nevirapine based, was associated with lower cure rates of tv for single-dose therapy. our goal was to repeat this study in a us-b ... | 2014 | 24917661 |
| the vaginal microbiota: what have we learned after a decade of molecular characterization? | we conducted a systematic review of the medline database (u.s. national library of medicine, national institutes of health, bethesda, md, u.s.a) to determine if consistent molecular vaginal microbiota (vmb) composition patterns can be discerned after a decade of molecular testing, and to evaluate demographic, behavioral and clinical determinants of vmb compositions. studies were eligible when published between 1 january 2008 and 15 november 2013, and if at least one molecular technique (sequenci ... | 2014 | 25148517 |
| 2-acylamino-5-nitro-1,3-thiazoles: preparation and in vitro bioevaluation against four neglected protozoan parasites. | the 2-acylamino-5-nitro-1,3-thiazole derivatives (1-14) were prepared using a one step reaction. all compounds were tested in vitro against four neglected protozoan parasites (giardia intestinalis, trichomonas vaginalis, leishmania amazonensis and trypanosoma cruzi). acetamide (9), valeroylamide (10), benzamide (12), methylcarbamate (13) and ethyloxamate (14) derivatives were the most active compounds against g. intestinalis and t. vaginalis, showing nanomolar inhibition. compound 13 (ic50=10nm) ... | 2014 | 24529307 |
| chemoinformatic characterization of activity and selectivity switches of antiprotozoal compounds. | benzimidazole derivatives are promising compounds for the treatment of parasitic infections. the structure-activity relationships of 91 benzimidazoles with activity against trichomonas vaginalis and giardia intestinalis were analyzed using a novel activity landscape modeling approach. | 2014 | 24279680 |
| performance of the affirm vp-iii using residual vaginal discharge collected from the speculum to characterize vaginitis in symptomatic women. | to evaluate the ability of collecting the affirm vp-iii test sample using the residual vaginal discharge found on the speculum. | 2014 | 24832170 |
| trichomonas, candida, and gardnerella in cervical smears of iranian women for cancer screening. | trichomonas vaginalis, gardrenella vaginalis, and candida sp are responsible for 90% of vaginitis which has been reported as important risk factors for cervical cancer. | 2014 | 24678473 |
| eswab as an optional collection device for use with the affirm vpiii microbial test system. | the eswab collection device was compared to the collection swab provided as part of the affirm vpiii microbial identification test kit for testing vaginal specimens with the affirm test system. there was excellent agreement between the two sampling devices for candida spp., gardnerella vaginalis, and trichomonas vaginalis. | 2014 | 24523475 |
| prevalence of the genital tract bacterial infections after vaginal reconstructive surgery. | due to frequent childbirth, heavy lifting and the structure of the lives of rural women in shahrekord region, iran, cystocele and rectocele are of the main medical problems of the women in this area and for its correction, vaginal reconstructive surgery is needed which causes infection. the purpose of this study was to identify the bacteria causing infection after vaginal reconstructive surgery and performing antibiogram to help these patients for faster recovery. patients enrolled this study we ... | 2014 | 26031026 |
| expression and characterization of a β-fructofuranosidase from the parasitic protist trichomonas vaginalis. | trichomonas vaginalis, a flagellated protozoan, is the agent responsible for trichomoniasis, the most common nonviral sexually transmitted infection worldwide. a reported 200 million cases are documented each year with far more cases going unreported. however, t. vaginalis is disproportionality under studied, especially considering its basic metabolism. it has been reported that t. vaginalis does not grow on sucrose. nevertheless, the t. vaginalis genome contains some 11 putative sucrose transpo ... | 2014 | 24972630 |
| what is the importance of zoonotic trichomonads for human health? | trichomonads are common parasites of many vertebrate and invertebrate species, with four species classically recognized as human parasites: dientamoeba fragilis, pentatrichomonas hominis, trichomonas vaginalis, and trichomonas tenax. the latter two species are considered human-specific; by contrast, d. fragilis and p. hominis have been isolated from domestic and farm mammals, demonstrating a wide host range and potential zoonotic origin. several new studies have highlighted the zoonotic dimensio ... | 2014 | 24951156 |
| immunity in urogenital protozoa. | innate and adaptive immunity play a significant role in urogenital infections. innate immunity is provided by the epithelial cells and mucus lining along with acidic ph, which forms a strong physical barrier against the pathogens in female reproductive tract. cells of innate immune system, antimicrobial peptides, cytokines, chemokines and adaptive immunity in the reproductive tract are evolved during infection, and a pro-inflammatory response is generated to fight against the invading pathogen t ... | 2014 | 25201404 |
| recent advances in molecular biology of parasitic viruses. | the numerous protozoa that can inhabit the human gastro-intestinal tract are known, yet little is understood of the viruses which infect these protozoa. the discovery, morphologic details, purification methods of virus-like particles, genome and proteome of the parasitic viruses, entamoeba histolytica, giardia lamblia, trichomonas vaginalis, and the eimeria sp. are described in this review. the protozoan viruses share many common features: most of them are rna or double-stranded rna viruses, ran ... | 2014 | 25019235 |
| modified pehps medium as an alternative for the in vitro culture of giardia lamblia. | commercial culture media present interlot variations in biological activity. we have previously designed a homemade and economic culture medium, pehps medium, for the axenic cultivation of entamoeba histolytica and trichomonas vaginalis. trophozoites of amoebae and trichomonads grow well in this medium. furthermore, the medium is stable for several months when stored frozen or refrigerated. the objective of this work was to modify pehps medium to support the in vitro growth of giardia lamblia. i ... | 2014 | 24982905 |
| evaluation of the effect of miltefosine on trichomonas vaginalis. | trichomonas vaginalis causes trichomoniasis in humans, a sexually transmitted disease commonly treated with metronidazole (mtz). mtz is known to cause undesirable side effects, and mtz-resistant parasites have been reported. thus, the development of an alternative treatment is desirable. miltefosine (mlt) is an alkylphosphocholine synthetic lipid analogue that displays antiparasitic activity against leishmania, trypanosoma cruzi, entamoeba histolytica, acanthamoeba spp., giardia lamblia, t. vagi ... | 2014 | 24363204 |
| gonorrhoea, chlamydia, syphilis and trichomonas in children under 13 years of age: national surveillance in the uk and republic of ireland. | sexually transmitted infections in children ought to raise concerns about sexual abuse. it is not known how frequently they are identified in the uk and ireland, nor how well they are investigated. | 2014 | 24771307 |
| university students and the risk of hiv and other sexually transmitted infections in uganda: the crane survey. | adolescents and young adults are at high risk of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection in sub-saharan africa. previous reports have found that university students in africa comprise a sexually active population, although the prevalence of hiv or sexually transmitted infections (sti) has not been measured. we conducted a cross-sectional survey of students from five large universities in kampala, uganda, using respondent-driven sampling. we asked students to complete behavioral questionnair ... | 2014 | 24762640 |
| feasibility of providing sexually transmitted infection testing and treatment in off-campus, nonclinic settings for adolescents enrolled in a school-based research project. | this study examined the acceptability and feasibility of using a biological outcome measure to evaluate a school-based sexuality education program. confidential field-delivered sexually transmitted infection (sti) testing by nonmedical field staff and sti treatment by medically trained field staff was assessed in off-campus and off-clinic settings for adolescents enrolled in the trial. | 2014 | 24749920 |
| high prevalence and incidence of hiv, sexually transmissible infections and penile foreskin cutting among sexual health clinic attendees in papua new guinea. | background papua new guinea (png) has one of the highest prevalences of hiv and sexually transmissible infections (stis) in the asia-pacific region, and one of the highest burdens of maternal syphilis and cervical cancer globally. despite this disease burden, only limited clinical research in sexual and reproductive health has been conducted in png. | 2014 | 24618046 |
| "hidden" sexually transmitted infections among women in primary care health services, amazonas, brazil. | this study describes the prevalence of infection by chlamydia trachomatis, neisseria gonorrhoeae and trichomonas vaginalis in a female population in amazonas, brazil. we collected cervical samples from 361 women examined at 10 primary care health services in the city of coari, amazonas, brazil. the women were interviewed about socio-economic data, clinical history and sexual behaviour. pelvic examinations were performed and cervical specimens were collected for detection of pathogens by pcr. the ... | 2014 | 24567444 |
| distribution and perinatal transmission of bacterial vaginal infections in pregnant women without vaginal symptoms. | we evaluated the distribution and vertical transmission of bacterial vaginal infections in asymptomatic pregnant women. | 2014 | 24552584 |
| duration of polymerase chain reaction-detectable dna after treatment of chlamydia trachomatis, neisseria gonorrhoeae, and trichomonas vaginalis infections in women. | to avoid positive results attributable to residual dna, the centers for disease control and prevention recommends avoiding repeat testing with nucleic-acid based tests within 3 weeks after treatment of chlamydial (chlamydia trachomatis [ct]) or gonococcal (neisseria gonorrhoeae [gc]) infection. we retrospectively analyzed the duration of detectable dna from a longitudinal cohort of adolescent women after diagnosis and treatment of infection with ct, gc, or trichomonas vaginalis (tv). | 2014 | 24521729 |
| co-occurrence of trichomonas vaginalis and bacterial vaginosis and vaginal shedding of hiv-1 rna. | trichomonas vaginalis (tv) and bacterial vaginosis (bv) are independently associated with increased risk of vaginal shedding in hiv-positive women. because these 2 conditions commonly co-occur, this study was undertaken to examine the association between tv/bv co-occurrence and vaginal shedding of hiv-1 rna. | 2014 | 24521723 |
| ease and comfort of cervical and vaginal sampling for chlamydia trachomatis and trichomonas vaginalis with a new aptima specimen collection and transportation kit. | use of a new collection kit for vaginal and cervical sampling was reported as easy by the majority of 692 women and not uncomfortable (by 87.4% of those ≥ 25 years old and 78.8% of those <25 years old). by aptima testing, patient- and physician-collected samples agreed strongly for chlamydia trachomatis (99.6% to 99.3%; κ = 0.93 to 0.89) and t. vaginalis (99.6% to 98.9%; κ = 0.97 to 0.78). | 2014 | 24478509 |
| prevalence of sexually transmitted infections among healthy korean women: implications of multiplex pcr pathogen detection on antibiotic therapy. | in this study, we investigated the prevalence of sexually transmitted infections (stis) using multiplex real-time pcr assay in healthy korean women. we also evaluated the risk factors of stis, and compared the various factors between the sti-positive and the sti-negative groups. a total of 799 endocervical swab samples from healthy korean women who visited our hospital for general medical check-ups during january 2012 to october 2012 were included. eight stis including human papillomavirus (hpv) ... | 2014 | 24462432 |
| an association between trichomonas vaginalis and high-risk human papillomavirus in rural tanzanian women undergoing cervical cancer screening. | the goal of this study was to determine the prevalence of vaginitis and its association with high-risk human papillomavirus (hr hpv) in women undergoing cervical cancer screening in rural tanzania. | 2014 | 24417784 |
| male infertility: a public health issue caused by sexually transmitted pathogens. | sexually transmitted diseases (stds) are caused by several pathogens, including bacteria, viruses and protozoa, and can induce male infertility through multiple pathophysiological mechanisms. additionally, horizontal transmission of std pathogens to sexual partners or vertical transmission to fetuses and neonates is possible. chlamydia trachomatis, ureaplasma spp., human papillomavirus, hepatitis b and hepatitis c viruses, hiv-1 and human cytomegalovirus have all been detected in semen from symp ... | 2014 | 25330794 |
| highly divergent mitochondrion-related organelles in anaerobic parasitic protozoa. | the mitochondria have arisen as a consequence of endosymbiosis of an ancestral α-proteobacterium with a methane-producing archae. the main function of the canonical aerobic mitochondria include atp generation via oxidative phosphorylation, heme and phospholipid synthesis, calcium homeostasis, programmed cell death, and the formation of iron-sulfur clusters. under oxygen-restricted conditions, the mitochondrion has often undergone remarkable reductive alterations of its content and function, lead ... | 2014 | 24316280 |
| impact of public housing relocations: are changes in neighborhood conditions related to stis among relocaters? | cross-sectional and ecologic studies suggest that place characteristics influence sexual behaviors and sexually transmitted infections (stis). using data from a predominately substance-misusing cohort of african american adults relocating from us public housing complexes, this multilevel longitudinal study tested the hypothesis that participants who experienced greater postrelocation improvements in neighborhood conditions (i.e., socioeconomic disadvantage, social disorder, sti prevalence, and m ... | 2014 | 25211249 |
| epidemiology of sexually transmitted infections in rural southwestern haiti: the grand'anse women's health study. | the study attempts to define socioeconomic, clinical, and laboratory correlates in vaginitis and other sexually transmitted infections in rural southwestern haiti. a convenience sample of subjects recruited from a rural women's health clinic and attending an established clinic at the haitian health foundation (hhf) clinic was studied. a standardized history and physical examination, including speculum examination, and collection of blood, urine, and vaginal swabs were obtained from the women at ... | 2014 | 25200263 |
| comparative evaluation of roche aurora flow, becton and dickinson viper system, and dynex ds2 for detection of chlamydia trachomatis, neisseria gonorrhoeae, and trichomonas vaginalis in various clinical specimens. | the purpose of this study is to introduce a high-throughput system, aurora flow, for the simultaneous detection of 3 clinically relevant pathogens of sexually transmitted infections. comparative evaluation with other systems revealed an overall concordance of 97.9% for chlamydia trachomatis and comparable performance for neisseria gonorrhoeae and trichomonas vaginalis. | 2014 | 25172824 |
| defining genital tract cytokine signatures of sexually transmitted infections and bacterial vaginosis in women at high risk of hiv infection: a cross-sectional study. | sexually transmitted infections (sti) and bacterial vaginosis (bv) cause female genital tract inflammation. this inflammation, which is often present in the absence of symptoms, is associated with increased susceptibility to hiv infection. we aimed to evaluate genital cytokine profiles and the degree of inflammation associated with common stis and bv. | 2014 | 25107710 |
| detection of infectious organisms in archival prostate cancer tissues. | seroepidemiological studies have reported associations between exposure to sexually transmitted organisms and prostate cancer risk. this study sought dna evidence of candidate organisms in archival prostate cancer tissues with the aim of assessing if a subset of these cancers show any association with common genital infections. | 2014 | 25106851 |
| sexually transmitted infections in women. | sexually transmitted infections (stis) are highly prevalent and cause a wide spectrum of disease. however, the majority of these infections may be unrecognized due to lack of overt signs or symptoms of infection. asymptomatic infections remain significant as a result of the potential for long-term sequelae, predominately in women, and the risks of complications during pregnancy as well as mother-to-child transmission. laboratory diagnostics play an important role in identifying infection and in ... | 2014 | 25083897 |
| sexually transmitted infections and prostate cancer risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis. | prostate cancer (pc) is the second most incident cancer and the sixth cause of death by cancer in men worldwide. despite extensive research efforts, no modifiable risk factors have been consistently identified for pc risk. a number of studies have focused on possible relationships between sexually transmitted infections (stis) and pc. we performed a meta-analysis to explore the association between infection caused by neisseria gonorrheae, treponema pallidum, chlamydia trachomatis, trichomonas va ... | 2014 | 24986642 |
| etiology and antimicrobial susceptibility of pathogens responsible for urethral discharge among men in harare, zimbabwe. | periodic etiological surveillance of sexually transmitted infection (sti) syndromes is required to validate treatment algorithms used to control stis. however, such surveys have not been performed in zimbabwe over the past decade. | 2014 | 25581806 |
| antibacterial, antiviral, and antifungal properties of wines and winery byproducts in relation to their flavonoid content. | grapes produce organic compounds that may be involved in the defense of the plants against invading phytopathogens. these metabolites include numerous phenolic compounds that are also active against human pathogens. grapes are used to produce a variety of wines, grape juices, and raisins. grape pomace, seeds, and skins, the remains of the grapes that are a byproduct of winemaking, also contain numerous bioactive compounds that differ from those found in grapes and wines. this overview surveys an ... | 2014 | 24945318 |
| three-dimensional structure of a protozoal double-stranded rna virus that infects the enteric pathogen giardia lamblia. | giardia lamblia virus (glv) is a small, nonenveloped, nonsegmented double-stranded rna (dsrna) virus infecting giardia lamblia, the most common protozoan pathogen of the human intestine and a major agent of waterborne diarrheal disease worldwide. glv (genus giardiavirus) is a member of family totiviridae, along with several other groups of protozoal or fungal viruses, including leishmania rna viruses and trichomonas vaginalis viruses. interestingly, glv is more closely related than other totivir ... | 2014 | 25378500 |
| in silico single strand melting curve: a new approach to identify nucleic acid polymorphisms in totiviridae. | the pcr technique and its variations have been increasingly used in the clinical laboratory and recent advances in this field generated new higher resolution techniques based on nucleic acid denaturation dynamics. the principle of these new molecular tools is based on the comparison of melting profiles, after denaturation of a dna double strand. until now, the secondary structure of single-stranded nucleic acids has not been exploited to develop identification systems based on pcr. to test the p ... | 2014 | 25030031 |
| α -actinin tvactn3 of trichomonas vaginalis is an rna-binding protein that could participate in its posttranscriptional iron regulatory mechanism. | trichomonas vaginalis is a sexually transmitted flagellated protist parasite responsible for trichomoniasis. this parasite is dependent on high levels of iron, favoring its growth and multiplication. iron also differentially regulates some trichomonad virulence properties by unknown mechanisms. however, there is evidence to support the existence of gene regulatory mechanisms at the transcriptional and posttranscriptional levels that are mediated by iron concentration in t. vaginalis. thus, the g ... | 2014 | 24719864 |
| bead-based multiplex sexually transmitted infection profiling. | sexually transmitted infections are a significant cause of genital disease, infertility and hospital admissions. the economic impact is high. an accurate diagnosis is often difficult and time consuming. we report the development and validation of a novel bead-based multiplex sexually transmitted infection profiling (stip) assay that detects 18 sexually transmitted infections using a multiplex pcr followed by luminex bead-based hybridisation. | 2014 | 24814157 |
| development of a loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay for detection of trichomonas vaginalis. | a loop-mediated isothermal amplification (lamp) assay targeting the 2-kbp repeated dna species-specific sequence was developed for detection of trichomonas vaginalis, the causative agent of trichomoniasis. the analytical sensitivity and specificity of the lamp assay were evaluated using pooled genital swab and urine specimens, respectively, spiked with t. vaginalis trophozoites. genital secretion and urine did not inhibit the detection of the parasite. the sensitivity of the lamp was 10-1000 tim ... | 2014 | 24792836 |
| vaginal infections among pregnant women at omdurman maternity hospital in khartoum, sudan. | microbial infections of the vagina in pregnant women are health problems that lead to serious medical complications and consequences. this study aimed to investigate and determine antimicrobial susceptibilities of the causative agents of vaginal infections in pregnant women. | 2014 | 24727516 |
| population-based cervical screening outcomes in turkey over a period of approximately nine and a half years with emphasis on results for women aged 30-34. | to appraise the frequency of cervical cytological abnormalities in a population at normal risk via analysing the archive records of cytology for the period of approximately 9,5 years, comparing them with patient demographic charecteristics, and discuss the results for women under age of 35. | 2014 | 24716936 |
| an emerging mycoplasma associated with trichomoniasis, vaginal infection and disease. | humans are colonized by thousands of bacterial species, but it is difficult to assess the metabolic and pathogenic potential of the majority of these because they have yet to be cultured. here, we characterize an uncultivated vaginal mycoplasma tightly associated with trichomoniasis that was previously known by its 16s rrna sequence as "mnola." in this study, the mycoplasma was found almost exclusively in women infected with the sexually transmitted pathogen trichomonas vaginalis, but rarely obs ... | 2014 | 25337710 |
| high prevalence and incidence of sexually transmitted infections among women living in kwazulu-natal, south africa. | sexually transmitted infections (stis) contribute largely to the burden of health in south africa and are recognized as major contributors to the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) epidemic. young women are particularly vulnerable to stis. the purpose of this secondary analysis was to examine the risk factors associated with prevalent and incident stis among women who had participated in three clinical trials. | 2014 | 25243015 |
| epidemiology of curable sexually transmitted infections among women at increased risk for hiv in northwestern tanzania: inadequacy of syndromic management. | curable, non-viral pathogens account for a significant burden of sexually transmitted infections (stis), and there is established evidence that stis increase both hiv acquisition and transmission. we investigated the prevalence, trends, and factors associated with chlamydia trachomatis, neisseria gonorrhoeae, trichomonas vaginalis and treponema pallidum, and the performance of syndromic management, among a cohort of women working in bars, hotels, and other food and recreational facilities near l ... | 2014 | 25025338 |
| sensitive simultaneous detection of seven sexually transmitted agents in semen by multiplex-pcr and of hpv by single pcr. | sexually transmitted diseases (stds) may impair sperm parameters and functions thereby promoting male infertility. to date limited molecular studies were conducted to evaluate the frequency and type of such infections in semen thus, we aimed at conceiving and validating a multiplex pcr (m-pcr) assay for the simultaneous detection of the following std pathogens in semen: chlamydia trachomatis, neisseria gonorrhoeae, mycoplasma genitalium, trichomonas vaginalis, herpes virus simplex (hsv) -1 and - ... | 2014 | 24921247 |
| performance and comparison of self-reported sti symptoms among high-risk populations - msm, sex workers, persons living with hiv/aids - in el salvador. | resource-limited countries have limited laboratory capability and rely on syndromic management to diagnose sexually transmitted infections (stis). we aimed to estimate the sensitivity, specificity and positive predictive value (ppv) of sti syndromic management when used as a screening method within a study setting. men who have sex with men (msm), female sex workers (fsws) and people living with hiv/aids (plwha) participated in a behavioural surveillance study. data were obtained on demographics ... | 2014 | 24616119 |
| trichomonas vaginalis incidence associated with hormonal contraceptive use and hiv infection among women in rakai, uganda. | background. data on the incidence of trichomonas vaginalis and use of hormonal contraception (hc) are limited. methods. 2,374 sexually active women aged 15-49 years from cohort surveys in rakai, uganda, were included. incidence of t. vaginalis was estimated per 100 person years (py) and association between hc (dmpa, norplant, and oral contraceptives) and t. vaginalis infection was assessed by incidence rate ratios (irr), using poisson regression models. results. at baseline, 34.9% had used hc in ... | 2014 | 26316977 |
| point of care diagnostics for sexually transmitted infections: perspectives and advances. | accurate and inexpensive point-of-care (poc) tests are urgently needed to control sexually transmitted infection epidemics, so that patients can receive immediate diagnoses and treatment. current poc assays for chlamydia trachomatis and neisseria gonorrhoeae perform inadequately and require better assays. diagnostics for trichomonas vaginalis rely on wet preparation, with some notable advances. serological poc assays for syphilis can impact resource-poor settings, with many assays available, but ... | 2014 | 24484215 |
| randomized trial of periodic presumptive treatment with high-dose intravaginal metronidazole and miconazole to prevent vaginal infections in hiv-negative women. | vaginal infections are common, frequently recur, and may increase women's risk for sexually transmitted infections (stis). we tested the efficacy of a novel regimen to prevent recurrent vaginal infections. | 2014 | 25526757 |
| prevalence of trichomonas vaginalis by pcr in men attending a primary care urology clinic in south korea. | trichomonas vaginalis, a causative agent of trichomoniasis, may trigger symptomatic or asymptomatic nongonococcal urethritis and chronic prostatitis in men. despite the availability of highly sensitive diagnostic tests, such as nucleic acid amplification tests, including pcr, few prospective studies present data on male t. vaginalis infection in south korea. in the present study, the prevalence of t. vaginalis and associated clinical conditions were evaluated in 201 male patients from a primary ... | 2014 | 25352707 |
| clinical characteristics associated with mycoplasma genitalium among female sex workers in nairobi, kenya. | the prevalence of mycoplasma genitalium is high in vulnerable populations of women in low-resource settings. however, the epidemiology of infection in these populations is not well established. to determine the prevalence of mycoplasma genitalium and its association with cervical cytology and other correlates, we recruited 350 female sex workers (fsw) who were 18 to 50 years old in nairobi, kenya, for a cross-sectional study. a questionnaire was administered at baseline to obtain information on ... | 2014 | 25100823 |
| trichomonas vaginalis infection among young pregnant women in brazil. | our goal was to determine the prevalence of trichomonas vaginalis and its associated risk factors in parturient women aged 15-24 years attending brazilian public maternity units. participants answered a demographic, behavioral, and clinical data questionnaire. a sample of urine was screened for t. vaginalis. a total 299 women participated in this study. the prevalence rate of t. vaginalis was 7.7% (95% ci: 4.7-10.7%). the factors associated with t. vaginalis were use of illicit drugs [or=4.70 (9 ... | 2014 | 25181400 |
| a service evaluation of the gen-probe aptima nucleic acid amplification test for trichomonas vaginalis: should it change whom we screen for infection? | a service evaluation of the new gen-probe aptima nucleic acid amplification test was performed to determine the prevalence of trichomonas vaginalis (tv) infection in a uk sexual health clinic and identify risk factors to inform an appropriate tv screening strategy. | 2014 | 25170162 |
| unusually low prevalence of mycoplasma genitalium in urine samples from infertile men and healthy controls: a prevalence study. | to detect mycoplasma genitalium in urine samples of infertile men and men without any signs of infection in order to investigate whether m. genitalium and other genital mycoplasmas (mycoplasma hominis and ureaplasma spp) are found more often in urine samples of infertile men than in asymptomatic controls and to determine resistance to macrolides. | 2014 | 25157184 |
| mycoplasma genitalium infection is associated with microscopic signs of cervical inflammation in liquid cytology specimens. | cervicitis is a common clinical finding often attributed to sexually transmitted infections (stis), but no etiologic agent is identified in the majority of cases. in this study, we comparatively assessed inflammation among the common infectious etiologies of cervicitis and assessed the potential value of liquid cytology specimens for predicting stis. among 473 louisiana women at low risk for acquiring stis, the prevalences of mycoplasma genitalium, chlamydia trachomatis, neisseria gonorrhoeae, a ... | 2014 | 24759719 |
| hptn 035 phase ii/iib randomised safety and effectiveness study of the vaginal microbicides buffergel and 0.5% pro 2000 for the prevention of sexually transmitted infections in women. | to estimate the effectiveness of candidate microbicides buffergel and 0.5% pro 2000 gel (p) (pro 2000) for prevention of non-ulcerative sexually transmitted infections (stis). | 2014 | 24898857 |
| increased susceptibility to vaginal simian/human immunodeficiency virus transmission in pig-tailed macaques coinfected with chlamydia trachomatis and trichomonas vaginalis. | sexually transmitted infections (stis) are associated with an increased risk of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection, but their biological effect on hiv susceptibility is not fully understood. | 2014 | 24755433 |
| effects of hazardous and harmful alcohol use on hiv incidence and sexual behaviour: a cohort study of kenyan female sex workers. | to investigate putative links between alcohol use, and unsafe sex and incident hiv infection in sub-saharan africa. | 2014 | 24708844 |
| correlates of incident trichomonas vaginalis infections among african american female adolescents. | trichomonas vaginalis is the most common curable sexually transmitted infection associated with adverse reproductive health and pregnancy outcomes and may amplify hiv transmission. the objective was to identify correlates of incident t. vaginalis infections among african american adolescent girls. | 2014 | 24622635 |
| female users of internet-based screening for rectal stis: descriptive statistics and correlates of positivity. | internet-based screening for vaginal sexually transmitted infections (sti) has been shown to reach high-risk populations. published studies of internet-based screening for rectal stis in women are needed. our objectives were to describe the female users of a rectal internet-based screening intervention and assess what factors correlated with rectal positivity for stis. | 2014 | 24604333 |
| bacterial vaginosis and the risk of trichomonas vaginalis acquisition among hiv-1-negative women. | the vaginal microbiota may play a role in mediating susceptibility to sexually transmitted infections, including trichomonas vaginalis (tv). | 2014 | 24413493 |
| multisite direct determination of the potential for environmental contamination of urine samples used for diagnosis of sexually transmitted infections. | the detection of a sexually transmitted infection (sti) agent in a urine specimen from a young child is regarded as an indicator of sexual contact. false positives may conceivably arise from the transfer of environmental contaminants in clinic toilet or bathroom facilities into urine specimens. | 2013 | 25349693 |
| bacterial vaginosis-associated bacteria in men: association of leptotrichia/sneathia spp. with nongonococcal urethritis. | approximately 45% of nongonococcal urethritis cases have no identified etiology. novel bacteria recently associated with bacterial vaginosis (bv) in women may be involved. we evaluated the association of idiopathic nongonococcal urethritis and 5 newly described bv-associated bacteria (bvab). | 2013 | 24220356 |
| reaching the unreachable: providing sti control services to female sex workers via mobile team outreach. | as part of a community-randomized trial of a multicomponent intervention to prevent sexually transmitted infections, we created mobile teams (mts) in ten intervention cities across peru to improve outreach to female sex workers (fsw) for strengthened sti prevention services. | 2013 | 24282565 |
| comparison of nucleic acid amplification assays with bd affirm vpiii for diagnosis of vaginitis in symptomatic women. | a commercially available, nonamplified, nucleic acid probe-based test system (bd affirm vpiii) was compared with nucleic acid amplification (naa)-based assays for determining the etiology of vaginitis in a cohort of 323 symptomatic women. first, a semiquantitative, multiplexed pcr assay (bv-pcr) and the affirm vpiii gardnerellavaginalis test were compared with a unified bacterial-vaginosis (bv) reference standard incorporating both nugent gram stain scores and amsel clinical criteria. in the eva ... | 2013 | 23985917 |
| vaginal microbiome in women from greenland assessed by microscopy and quantitative pcr. | bacterial vaginosis (bv) is a common condition, although its aetiology remains unexplained. the aim of this study was to analyse the composition of vaginal microbiota in women from greenland to provide a quantitative description and improve the understanding of bv. | 2013 | 24131550 |
| molecular epidemiology of selected sexually transmitted infections. | neisseria gonorrhoeae (ng), chlamydia trachomatis (ct), trichomonas vaginalis (tv) and mycoplasma genitalium (mg) are established pathogens for human genital tract. however, the role of ureaplasma urealyticum (uu) and ureaplasma parvum (up) in genital pathology is poorly unerstood. a prospective study to investigate the prevalence of above infections was performed on a cohort of 1,718 consecutive patients attending a genitourinary medicine (gum) clinic. a previously published in-house real-time ... | 2013 | 24046809 |
| codetection of trichomonas vaginalis and candida albicans by pcr in urine samples in a low-risk population attended in a clinic first level in central veracruz, mexico. | the aim of this study is to estimate the prevalence of trichomonas vaginalis and candida albicans in low-risk patients treated at a first level clinic (primary health care represents the first level of contact of individuals, families, and the community with the system national health). using a cross-sectional study in patients treated in clinical laboratory of the sanitary district no. 7 of the city of orizaba during the months june-july, 252 urine samples were collected for the identification ... | 2013 | 24069593 |
| spermicidal and anti-trichomonas vaginalis activity of brazilian sapindus saponaria. | sapindus saponaria is used traditionally for curing ulcers, external wounds and inflammations. the spermicidal and anti-trichomonas activity of s. saponaria and its effect on lactobacillus acidophilus were evaluated. | 2013 | 23890053 |
| characteristics and predictors of women who obtain rescreening for sexually transmitted infections using the www.iwantthekit.org screening programme. | professional organizations recommend rescreening chlamydia-infected women. the iwantthekit internet-screening programme offered rescreening opportunities by using iwantthekit. mailed, home-collected vaginal swabs were tested for chlamydia, gonorrhoea, and trichomoniasis by nucleic acid amplification tests. demographics and risk behaviours of repeat users were determined from questionnaires. predictors of repeat users were measured in a matched case-control study. of 1747 women, 304 (17%), who us ... | 2013 | 23970594 |
| sexually transmitted infection prevalence in a population seeking no-cost contraception. | we used universal screening to determine the prevalence rates of neisseria gonorrhoeae (gc), chlamydia trachomatis (ct), and trichomonas vaginalis (tv) in 9256 women enrolling into a contraceptive study. | 2013 | 23965768 |
| correlation of leukorrhea and trichomonas vaginalis infection. | trichomonas vaginalis is a common sexually transmitted infection (sti) causing vaginitis. microscopy has poor sensitivity but is used for diagnosis of trichomoniasis in resource-poor settings. we aimed to provide a more reliable diagnosis of trichomoniasis by investigating an association with leukorrhea. women presenting for evaluation of vaginal discharge, sti exposure, or preventative gynecologic examination were evaluated for trichomonas infection. vaginal ph was determined and microscopy was ... | 2013 | 23678058 |
| retrospective assessment of transcription-mediated amplification-based screening for trichomonas vaginalis in male sexually transmitted infection clinic patients. | transcription-mediated amplification (tma) enhances detection of neisseria gonorrhoeae and chlamydia trachomatis from rectal and pharyngeal sources. the utility of tma for detection of trichomonas vaginalis has recently been described. we report on the performance of tma for detection of sexually transmitted infection (sti) agents from extraurogenital sources, with a focus on t. vaginalis. within a 21-month interval, 1,314 consecutive male patient encounters at an sti clinic resulted in collecti ... | 2013 | 23554208 |
| a prospective cohort study comparing the effect of single-dose 2 g metronidazole on trichomonas vaginalis infection in hiv-seropositive versus hiv-seronegative women. | this analysis compared the frequency of persistent trichomonas vaginalis (tv) among hiv-seropositive and hiv-seronegative women. | 2013 | 23677023 |
| response to "implications of trichomonas vaginalis nucleic acid amplification testing on medical training and practice". | 2013 | 23592857 | |
| implications of trichomonas vaginalis nucleic acid amplification testing on medical training and practice. | 2013 | 23592856 | |
| modern diagnosis of trichomonas vaginalis infection. | recent advances in tests for the sexually transmitted protozoan parasite trichomonas vaginalis have increased opportunities for diagnosis and treatment of this important sexually transmitted infection. this review summarises currently available tests, highlighting their performance characteristics, advantages and limitations. the recent development of molecular tests for the detection of t vaginalis, including rapid antigen detection and nucleic acid amplification tests, has significantly improv ... | 2013 | 23633669 |
| trichomoniasis and hiv interactions: a review. | to discuss the epidemiology of trichomonas vaginalis (tv) and hiv co-infections, the role of tv in acquisition and transmission of hiv, special treatment considerations for tv among women with hiv and the prevention of tv among hiv-infected persons. | 2013 | 23605851 |
| development of pcr assays for detection of trichomonas vaginalis in urine specimens. | trichomonas vaginalis infections are usually asymptomatic or can result in nonspecific clinical symptoms, which makes laboratory-based detection of this protozoan parasite essential for diagnosis and treatment. we report the development of a battery of highly sensitive and specific pcr assays for detection of t. vaginalis in urine, a noninvasive specimen, and development of a protocol for differentiating among trichomonas species that commonly infect humans. | 2013 | 23390274 |
| unique vaginal microbiota that includes an unknown mycoplasma-like organism is associated with trichomonas vaginalis infection. | the prevalence of trichomonas vaginalis infection is highest in women with intermediate nugent scores. we hypothesized that the vaginal microbiota in t. vaginalis-infected women differs from that in t. vaginalis-uninfected women. | 2013 | 23482642 |
| screening of male patients for trichomonas vaginalis with transcription-mediated amplification in a community with a high prevalence of sexually transmitted infection. | trichomonas vaginalis infection in males has been largely uncharacterized. past reports indicated increased susceptibility to other sexually transmitted infection (sti) agents such as human immunodeficiency virus and neisseria gonorrhoeae with concurrent t. vaginalis infection. this warrants a more thorough review of male t. vaginalis incidence. a retrospective 3-year investigation of transcription-mediated amplification (tma)-based urethral swab and first-void urine screening for t. vaginalis w ... | 2013 | 23100348 |