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coordination chemistry of microbial iron transport compounds: rhodotorulic acid and iron uptake in rhodotorula pilimanae.the mechanism by which iron uptake is facilitated by the siderophore rhodotorulic acid (ra) in the yeast rhodotorula pilimanae was investigated with radioactively labeled fe and ra and kinetically inert, chromic-substituted ra complexes. the weight of the evidence supports a model in which ra mediates iron transport to the cell but does not actually transport iron into the cell. it is proposed that ra exchanges the ferric ion at the cell surface with a membrane-bound chelating agent that complet ...197830750
[infrared spectrum of yeast cell walls].infrared spectra of whole cells and cell walls were studied with schizosaccharomyces pombe, endomyces magnusii. rhodotorula rubra, and candida lipolytica. qualitative analysis of the spectra and comparison of the spectra recorded for the cells and for their walls led to a conclusion that, contrary to the common viewpoint, an ir spectrum of the whole cell of any yeast species was determined by the components contained in the cell rather wall than by all components of the cell.1977895561
acid phosphatase of the yeast rhodotorula rubra. purification and properties of the enzyme.1. acid phosphatase from the yeast rhodotorula rubra was purified 44-fold. the purification procedure involved mechanical disruption of cells, precipitation with ethanol, chromatography on deae- and cm-cellulose. 2. the purified enzyme is homogeneous in polyacrylamide gels at ph 4.5, 9.5 and 8.4. carbohydrate content accounts for 57% of the total weight. the optimum ph is at 4.0-4.6, and the enzyme is stable over ph range from 2.6 to 6.0. full activity was retained on 60-min incubation at 50 deg ...197717985
the development of new iron-chelating drugs.2,3-dihydroxybenzoic acid has been identified as a potentially useful iron-chelating drug. accordingly, we have evaluated a series of derivatives of hydroxylated benzoic acids for their ability to induce iron excretion in the iron-overloaded rat. in addition, we have examined a number of hydroxamic acids and some other naturally occurring iron-chelating agents. of the 26 benzoic acid derivatives studied, none appeared to be more effective than 2,3-dihydroxybenzoic acid, for reasons which are dis ...19761255491
lipid composition of 30 species of yeast.the detailed composition of cellular lipid of more than 23 species of yeast has been determined quantitatively by thinchrography on quartz rods, a method previously used for estimating cellular lipids of seven species of yeast. that data was fortified by neutral and phospholipid quantitations on 30 species of yeast cells. most of the test organisms contained 7-15% total lipid and 3-6% total phospholipid per dry cell weight, except for the extremely high accumulation of triglycerides in two speci ...19761011938
[studies on the cell wall of yeast of the genus rhodotorula. x. isolation and purification of cell-wall glycoproteins from rhodotorula rubra (author's transl)].following ethylene diamine treatment of the cell wall of rhodotorula rubra, a water soluble fraction has been isolated. this fraction can be resolved into three glycoproteins and one protein. the major part is a glycoprotein, purified to homogeneity which has a molecular weight of 64 000. the glyco-part of this protein contains mannose, glucose and one residue of glucosamine. after pronase treatment, the presence of an ""asparaginyl-n-acetylglucosamine" linkage is established by the existence of ...1976943181
[study of the rhodotorula rubra cell wall. vii influence of chloramphenicol on its morphology and phosphatase activity (author's transl)].rh. rubra grown in the presence of chloramphenicol (500 mug/ml of medium) displayed morphological and biological changes, including formation of aberrant mitochondria with altered cristae, increase of the ratio fundamental element/mucilaginous sheath and electron-transparent regions in the cell walls. after treatment of the yeast with trypsin or beta-glucanase complex, acid and alkaline phosphatases remained localised within the cell wall, but the effect of the degradative enzymes on the activit ...1976943241
[effect of rhodotorula rubra yeast mannan on the molecular heterogeneity of rat blood serum aldolase in the dynamics of tumor growth]. 1976946917
meningitis caused by rhodotorula.a case of rhodotorula meningitis in a 21 year old male compromised with acute lymphoblastic leukemia is reported. the yeast was identified as rhodotorula rubra (demme) lodder.19761069381
mycotic flora of the interdigital spaces of the human foot: a preliminary investigation.a qualitative and quantitative study of the mycotic flora of the interdigital spaces of 27 male volunteers yielded 1,291 moulds and 598 yeasts. concurrently, a study of garden soil was conducted in order to obtain data concerning the transient-resident status of the fungi recovered from the feet. of the 120 genera and species of fungi isolated, 51 were recovered from the volunteers, 53 from the soil, and 16 from both categories. the most commonly recovered fungi from the toewebs, in order to occ ...19751143314
the atmospheric fungal flora of the athens metropolitan area.in the research programme of the department of microbiology of the athens university the nature of the mycological flora of the athenian air was studied. the research took place during the calendar year 1971. the open air was sampled twice weekly from two observation stations. the open plate technique was used, petri dishes containing sabourand's agar being exposed for 15 minutes. a total of 180 plates were exposed, and 1714 fungal colonies were isolated; these were subcultured and identified as ...19751207717
[effect of yeast mannans on aldolase of rat blood serum].the activity of aldolase in rat blood serum was studied in experiments in vitro and in vivo as affected by extracellular mannan of rhodotorula rubra. it was established that in vitro the polysaccharide has an inhibitory effect in the enzyme and in vivo, vice versa, activates it. the maximal activation is observed against a background of the v increase and km decrease. by the preparative electrophoresis in 7.5% polyakrylamide gel seven isoenzymes of aldolase are obtained. after introduction of th ...19751209756
rhodotorula rubra--cause of eye infection. 19751169685
[kininases from yeasts (author's transl)].practically no studies are available on the presence of kinin-decomposing enzymes in yeasts. different preparations (intact washed cell suspensions, cell-homogenised blastospores, nutrient media, supernatant of raw fungus suspensions) of candida strains sampled from foci of disease and from the environment were studied qualitatively and quantitatively fro the presence of kinin-inactivating enzymes. the parameter measured is the time-dependent inactivation of bradykinin by the test strain prepara ...19751154909
aromatic metabolism in the fungi. growth of rhodotorula mucilaginosa in p-hydroxybenzoate-limited chemostats and the effects of growth rate on the synthesis of enzymes of the 3-oxoadipate pathway.rhodotorula mucilaginosa was grown in p-hydroxybenzoate-limited chemostats over the dilution rate (d) range 0.01 to 0.17 h-1 and growth was adequately described by the monod theory when maintenance energy requirements were considered. the p-hydroxy-benzoate affinity constant, k8, had the relatively high value of 270 mg/i. the yield from p-hydroxbenzoate varied with dilution rate but was constant above d equal 0.07 h-1 at 0.56 g yeast/g substrate utilised. the maintenance coefficeint for growth o ...19751090273
the distribution of pyrophosphatidic acid in nature.the occurrence of a novel phospholipid, pyrophosphatidic acid, in the lipid extracts of yeasts (23 species), bacteria (e. coli), algae (chlorella), mammalia (human, rabbit, guinea pig, and mouse), insect (cockroach), fish (carp), mollusc (clam), and spermatophyta (spinach) was investigated. pyrophosphatidic acid was found exclusively in the lipid extracts of several kinds of yeast species, but not in other normal living species (animals, plants, and microorganisms) so far investigated. all of th ...1975175047
[effect of yeast mannan on the activity and kinetic patterns of alpha amylase from rat blood serum].the mannan from rhodotorula rubra activated alpha-amylase of blood serum in vivo. after intravenous administration of the polysaccharide into rats kinetic patterns of the enzyme were altered. the effect of mannan on various molecular forms of alpha-amylase was also studied.19751216753
endocarditis caused by rhodotorula successfully treated with 5-fluorocytosine.a 7-year-old boy suffering from aortic regurgitation and mitral stenosis and regurgitation was admitted with endocarditis caused by rhodotorula pilimanae and was treated successfully with orally administered antifungal agent, namely 5-fluorocytosine (5-fc). a dose of 100 mg per kg body weight, divided into four equal parts, was prescribed. after a prolonged febrile period his temperature dropped to normal on the fourth day of 5-fc therapy. review of the published reports disclosed few cases of e ...19751167783
regulation of aromatic metabolism in fungi: selection of mutants of the yeast rhodotorula mucilaginosa with nystatin. 19744474355
regulation of aromatic metabolism in the fungi: metabolic control of the 3-oxoadipate pathway in the yeast rhodotorula mucilaginosa. 19744474356
a method for assaying activity and some other properties of nadp-oxidoreductase from rhodotorula mucilaginosa. 19734147775
a hydroxamic acid present in rhodotorula pilimanae cultures grown at low ph and its metabolic relation to rhodotorulic acid. 19734686797
continuous culture of rhodotorula rubra: kinetics of phosphate-arsenate uptake, inhibition, and phosphate-limited growth.the pink yeast rhodotorula rubra of marine origin was found to be capable of extended growth at very low phosphate concentrations (k(0.5) = 10.8 nm). average intracellular phosphate concentrations, based on isotope exchange techniques, were 15 to 200 nm, giving concentration gradients across the cell envelope of about 10(6). sensitivity to metabolic inhibitors occurred at micromolar concentrations. inability of the phosphate transport system, k(s) = 0.5 to 2.8 mum, v(max) = 55 mumoles per g of c ...19734690960
[regulation of urease synthesis in rhodotorula mucilaginosa]. 19724672420
survey for fusaria that elaborate t-2 toxin.of the 136 strains of fusarium examined, t-2 toxin was confirmed by thinlayer chromatography in 13 of the 21 extracts that inhibited either rhodotorula rubra or pencillium digitatum.19725064987
aspects of mitochondriogenesis in yeast. ii. the effect of chloramphenicol on rhodotorula mucilaginosa. 19715105336
correlation of biological to chromatographic data for two mycotoxins elaborated by fusarium.thirty-seven identified strains of fusarium, most of them isolated from fescue grass, were tested for their ability to elaborate mycotoxins in laboratory culture. the presence of the toxins was determined by infrared light, thin-layer chromatography, mouse toxicity, fungistatic effects, and phytotoxic properties. a good correlation was demonstrated between t-2 toxin detection by thin-layer chromatography and inhibition of rhodotorula rubra by culture extracts. all of the strains producing either ...19715575569
rhodotorula mucilaginosa dermatitis on feathered parts of chickens: an epizootic on a poultry farm. 19705464037
aspects of the stereochemistry of torularhodin biosynthesis.1. the incorporation of [2-(14)c]acetate, [2-(14)c]mevalonic acid and [2-(14)c,2-(3)h(2)]-mevalonic acid into torulene and torularhodin by rhodotorula rubra and rhodotorula glutinis was studied. 2. a recovery of 14.3% of the label was obtained on decarboxylation of the torularhodin biosynthesized from [2-(14)c]mevalonic acid. 3. an analysis of the (3)h/(14)c ratio in torularhodin gave a value of 9.44:8. 4. these results, obtained by different experimental techniques, show that the reactions in t ...19705465554
biological assays for two mycotoxins produced by fusarium tricinctum.a survey was made to detect microorganisms useful for assaying butenolide [4-acetamido-4-hydroxy-2-butenoic acid gamma-lactone] and t-2 toxin [4beta, 15-diacetoxy-8alpha-(3-methylbutyryloxy)-12,13-epoxytricothec -9-en-3alpha-ol]. these mycotoxins produced by strains of fusarium tricinctum have been implicated in mycotoxicosis of livestock. although butenolide proved to be a very weak antibiotic, assay discs containing 100 mug of this toxin inhibited sprillum serpens nrrl b-2052, vibrio tyrogenus ...19705485724
microbial transformation. i. microbial transformation of androstenedione and testosterone by rhodotorula mucilaginosa (jörg) harrison. 19695374566
[effect of the genetically active and carcinogenic agent 1-nitroso-imidazolidone-2 on the fine structure of the yeast rhodotorula rubra]. 19685693445
[a study of carotenoid pigments of 2 rhodotorula rubra strains]. 19685753520
[the biosynthesis of acyclic carotenoids in a mutant of rhodotorula mucilaginosa]. 19676069106
production of egg yolk coloring material by a fermentation process.rhodotorula mucilaginosa was cultivated in a yeast propagator, for the production of biomass and carotenoids. a spray-dried preparation of the yeast was incorporated into the diets of laying chickens for the promotion of egg yolk color. several aspects of the effect of media on growth and carotenogenesis of pigmented yeast were examined. addition of 1 to 2% of rhodotorula yeast to the feeding mixture considerably improved egg yolk color. the possibility of using carotenogenic yeasts as a feed su ...19655893694
[the action of beta-ionone on carotenoid synthesis in rhodotorula rubra]. 196213923501
[biosynthesis of carotenoids by rhodotorula mucilaginosa. study on a mutant obtained by the action of x-rays]. 196114454689
[absence of influence of changes in carotenogenesis on the growth and respiratin of rhodotorula mucilaginosa]. 196013752055
[carotenoids of rhodotorula mucilaginosa. study of their biosynthesis with the aid of analysis of mutants and the use of an inhibitor of carotenogenesis]. 196013842320
[influence of various chemical agents on carotenogenesis in rhodotorula mucilaginosa]. 196013842321
[studies on variation of carotinoid components in rhodotorula rubra in relation to nutritional conditions]. 195713403655
[effects of ultraviolet irradiation on rhodotorula mucilaginosa; production of various colored mutants, study of their sterol content]. 195513293883
changes in polyene synthesis induced by mutation in a red yeast (rhodotorula rubra). 194620983286
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