Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| biocontrol of meloidogyne incognita on tomato using antagonistic fungi, plant-growth-promoting rhizobacteria and cattle manure. | biocontrol achieved by a single biocontrol agent is generally inconsistent under field conditions. the aim of the present study was to increase the competitiveness and efficacy of biocontrol agents by using them together with cattle manure. | 2009 | 19431151 |
| functional aspects of the solution structure and dynamics of paf--a highly-stable antifungal protein from penicillium chrysogenum. | penicillium antifungal protein (paf) is a promising antimycotic without toxic effects on mammalian cells and therefore may represent a drug candidate against the often lethal aspergillus infections that occur in humans. the pathogenesis of paf on sensitive fungi involves g-protein coupled signalling followed by apoptosis. in the present study, the solution structure of this small, cationic, antifungal protein from penicillium chrysogenum is determined by nmr. we demonstrate that paf belongs to t ... | 2009 | 19459942 |
| molecular characterization of a fungal gene paralogue of the penicillin pende gene of penicillium chrysogenum. | penicillium chrysogenum converts isopenicillin n (ipn) into hydrophobic penicillins by means of the peroxisomal ipn acyltransferase (iat), which is encoded by the pende gene. in silico analysis of the p. chrysogenum genome revealed the presence of a gene, pc13g09140, initially described as paralogue of the iat-encoding pende gene. we have termed this gene ial because it encodes a protein with high similarity to iat (ial for iat-like). we have conducted an investigation to characterize the ial ge ... | 2009 | 19470155 |
| indoor fungal contamination of moisture-damaged and allergic patient housing analysed using real-time pcr. | the aim of our study was to compare, using real-time (rt) pcr, quantitative levels of five fungal species in three kinds of dwellings. | 2009 | 19486284 |
| quantitative pcr study on the mode of action of oligosaccharide elicitors on penicillin g production by penicillium chrysogenum. | to investigate the effects of single and multiple additions of the oligosaccharide elicitors, obtained from alginate and locust bean gum, on penicillin g production and the transcript level of penicillin g biosynthetic genes. | 2009 | 19486407 |
| application of raisin extracts as preservatives in liquid bread and bread systems. | interest in natural ingredients with multifunctions in food has led to the investigation of the antimicrobial activity of raisins, a traditional baking ingredient. water and 60% ethanol extracts, and raisin juice concentrate (rjc, a commercial food ingredient) were assessed for their ability to inhibit the growth of ropy-bread-causing bacillus species. the ability of these additives and raisin paste were tested for antifungal activity in liquid bread model system and bread. in the liquid bread m ... | 2009 | 19490336 |
| isolation and characterisation of polychlorinated biphenyl (pcb) degrading fungi from a historically contaminated soil. | abstract: | 2009 | 19138404 |
| aspergillus fumigatus germ tube growth and not conidia ingestion induces expression of inflammatory mediator genes in the human lung epithelial cell line a549. | inhalation of conidia is the main cause of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (ipa) and the respiratory epithelium is the first line of defence. to explore the triggering factor for the inflammatory response to aspergillus fumigatus, the species mainly responsible for ipa, this study analysed the differential expression of three inflammatory genes in a549 cells after challenge with live and killed conidia. the influence of steroids, one of the main risk factors for developing ipa, was also investi ... | 2009 | 19141733 |
| contribution of peroxisomes to penicillin biosynthesis in aspergillus nidulans. | peroxisomal localization of the third enzyme of the penicillin biosynthesis pathway of aspergillus nidulans, acyl-coenzyme a:ipn acyltransferase (iat), is mediated by its atypical peroxisomal targeting signal 1 (pts1). however, mislocalization of iat by deletion of either its pts1 or of genes encoding proteins involved in peroxisome formation or transport does not completely abolish penicillin biosynthesis. this is in contrast to the effects of iat mislocalization in penicillium chrysogenum. | 2009 | 19151327 |
| synthesis of sulfated glucosaminides for profiling substrate specificities of sulfatases and fungal beta-n-acetylhexosaminidases. | systematic sulfation: sulfated glycoconjugates are degraded either by desulfation followed by glycoside cleavage, or by glycoside cleavage followed by desulfation. to study these processes, here we report the synthesis of four regioisomerically sulfated p-nitrophenyl glucosaminides from the common precursor p-nitrophenyl n-acetyl-beta-d-glucosaminide. these substrates allowed the rapid analysis of the substrate preferences of a set of four sulfatases and 24 hexosaminidases.sulfated carbohydrates ... | 2009 | 19156788 |
| the vacuolar serine protease, a cross-reactive allergen from cladosporium herbarum. | subtilisin-like serine proteases make up one of the most important allergen-families regarding the number of individual allergens. previously, fungal subtilisin-like serine proteases have been identified from aspergillus-, penicillium-, and trichophyton-species having a prevalence of ige-reactivity between 33% and 80%. since ige-cross-reactivity is a common phenomenon within fungal species we wanted to know whether this protein also represents an allergen in cladosporium herbarum. hence, a scree ... | 2009 | 19162325 |
| disruption of the nadph-dependent glutamate dehydrogenase affects the morphology of two industrial strains of penicillium chrysogenum. | new morphological aspects of penicillium chrysogenum were found during physiological characterisation of two nadph-dependent glutamate dehydrogenase mutant strains. a morphological characterisation of the previously constructed strains, together with the two beta-lactam producing industrial recipient strains, was conducted. the reference strains showed a compact structure with highly branched hyphal elements whereas the morphology of the deltagdha strains consisting of long elongated hyphal elem ... | 2009 | 19167440 |
| an efficient method for 15n-labeling of chitin in fungi. | to permit facile (15)n solid-state nmr (ssnmr) analysis of the degree of acetylation (da) of chitinous materials in fungi a method for the introduction of a (15)n isotopic label has been developed. using penicillium chrysogenum as a model system, a series of (15)n-based media were surveyed for their abilities to support mycelial growth, and a rich medium supplemented with ((15)nh(4))(2)so(4) supported good growth. uptake of label into chitin extracted from mycelia grown in the rich ((15)nh(4))(2 ... | 2009 | 19249848 |
| simultaneous quantification of free nucleotides in complex biological samples using ion pair reversed phase liquid chromatography isotope dilution tandem mass spectrometry. | a new sensitive and accurate analytical method has been developed for quantification of intracellular nucleotides in complex biological samples from cultured cells of different microorganisms such as saccharomyces cerevisiae, escherichia coli, and penicillium chrysogenum. this method is based on ion pair reversed phase liquid chromatography electrospray ionization isotope dilution tandem mass spectrometry (ip-lc-esi-id-ms/ms. a good separation and low detection limits were observed for these com ... | 2009 | 19250917 |
| cultivated anti-aspergillus t(h)1 cells. | invasive aspergillosis remains a serious complication in patients undergoing allogeneic stem cell transplantation. since it became clear that lymphocytes provide a critical secondary defense against fungi, adoptive transfer of functionally active anti-aspergillus t cells might be an option to restore adaptive immune effector mechanisms. using the interferon (ifn)-gamma secretion assay, we isolated human activated t cells upon stimulation with a cellular extract of aspergillus fumigatus. after a ... | 2009 | 18651313 |
| characterization of a phenylacetate-coa ligase from penicillium chrysogenum. | enzymatic activation of paa (phenylacetic acid) to phenylacetyl-coa is an important step in the biosynthesis of the beta-lactam antibiotic penicillin g by the fungus penicillium chrysogenum. coa esters of paa and poa (phenoxyacetic acid) act as acyl donors in the exchange of the aminoadipyl side chain of isopenicillin n to produce penicillin g or penicillin v. the phl gene, encoding a pcl (phenylacetate-coa ligase), was cloned in escherichia coli as a maltose-binding protein fusion and the bioch ... | 2009 | 18834333 |
| enhanced removal of pentachlorophenol and 2,4-d from aqueous solution by an aminated biosorbent. | the fungal biomasses of penicillium chrysogenum were used as raw materials to prepare the aminated adsorbent through chemical grafting of polyethylenimine (pei) on the biomass surface. due to the protonation of amine groups, the pei-modified biomass was found to possess the zero point of zeta potential at ph 10.2, higher than the pristine biomass at ph 3.8. the aminated biosorbent was effective in removing anionic pentachlorophenol (pcp) and 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-d) from aqueous so ... | 2009 | 19013710 |
| moulds and ochratoxin a on surfaces of artisanal and industrial dry sausages. | the use of moulds as a seasoning for sausage can have both desirable and undesirable consequences. the desirable consequences are the creation of a successful product that appeals to consumers. the undesirable consequences are due to the growth of undesirable moulds that produce highly toxic secondary metabolites referred to as mycotoxins. the aim of the paper was to investigate the presence of moulds producing ochratoxin a (ota) on the surface of sausages from northern italy. a total of 757 mou ... | 2009 | 19028307 |
| effects on perceived air quality and symptoms of exposure to microbially produced metabolites and compounds emitted from damp building materials. | this work investigated perceived air quality and health effects from exposure to low to high levels of volatile organic compounds (vocs) emitted from damp building materials and a mixture of molds growing on the materials. a mixture of wallemia sebi, fusarium culmorum, penicillium chrysogenum, ulocladium botrytis, and aspergillus versicolor was inoculated on pine wood and particle board. in study 1, each of 27 participants took part in two exposure conditions, one with air from molds growing on ... | 2009 | 19077173 |
| [effects of pa-pex 11 gene on penicillin production in penicillium aurantiogriseum]. | to study the effect of pa-pex 11 gene on penicillin production in pencillium aurantiogriseum. | 2009 | 20112676 |
| an engineered yeast efficiently secreting penicillin. | this study aimed at developing an alternative host for the production of penicillin (pen). as yet, the industrial production of this beta-lactam antibiotic is confined to the filamentous fungus penicillium chrysogenum. as such, the yeast hansenula polymorpha, a recognized producer of pharmaceuticals, represents an attractive alternative. introduction of the p. chrysogenum gene encoding the non-ribosomal peptide synthetase (nrps) delta-(l-alpha-aminoadipyl)-l-cysteinyl-d-valine synthetase (acvs) ... | 2009 | 20016817 |
| proteolytic activity of beef luncheon fungi as affected by incorporation of some food preservatives. | screening of thirty-one fungal isolates (representing 16 genera, 28 species and 3 varieties) collected from beef luncheon meat for their abilities to produce protease enzyme revealed that eleven isolates (35.48%) exhibited high protease production. however, fifteen isolates (48.39%) had moderate ability and 5 isolates (16.13%) were low producers. aspergillus flavus, gibberella fujikuroi and penicillium chrysogenum were the most active producers of protease. the incorporation of five chemical sub ... | 2009 | 20038493 |
| indoor mold concentration in eastern france. | our prospective case-control study of 118 dwellings in eastern france examined fungal contamination in unhealthy dwellings (n = 32) (homes with visible mold contamination and adverse health outcomes reported by the occupants), dwellings occupied by allergic patients (with medical diagnostic and positive prick-tests for molds) (n = 27) and matched control dwellings (n = 59). unhealthy dwellings present higher airborne concentrations of aspergillus, penicillium, and cladosporium than control dwell ... | 2009 | 19840143 |
| effect of a heterotrimeric g protein alpha subunit on conidia germination, stress response, and roquefortine c production in penicillium roqueforti. | heterotrimeric g protein signaling regulates many processes in fungi, such as development, pathogenicity, and secondary metabolite biosynthesis. for example, the galpha subunit pga1 from penicillium chrysogenum regulates conidiation and secondary metabolite production in this fungus. the dominant activating allele, pga1g42r, encoding a constitutively active pga1 galpha subunit, was introduced in penicillium roqueforti by transformation, resulting in a phenotype characterized by low sporulation a ... | 2009 | 19784932 |
| evidence for dicer-dependent rna interference in the industrial penicillin producer penicillium chrysogenum. | rna interference (rnai) is a sequence-specific post-transcriptional gene silencing system that downregulates target gene expression. here, we provide several lines of evidence for rna silencing in the industrial beta-lactam antibiotic producer penicillium chrysogenum using the dsred reporter gene under the control of the constitutive trpc promoter or the inducible xylp promoter. the functional rnai system was verified by detection of sirnas that hybridized exclusively with gene-specific (32)p-la ... | 2009 | 19797363 |
| jem spotlight: fungi, mycotoxins and microbial volatile organic compounds in mouldy interiors from water-damaged buildings. | concerns have been raised about exposure to mycotoxin producing fungi and the microbial volatile organic compounds (mvocs) they produce in indoor environments. therefore, the presence of fungi and mycotoxins was investigated in 99 samples (air, dust, wallpaper, mycelium or silicone) collected in the mouldy interiors of seven water-damaged buildings. in addition, volatile organic compounds (vocs) were sampled. the mycotoxins were analysed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (lc-ms/m ... | 2009 | 19809708 |
| fungal spores: a critical review of the toxicological and epidemiological evidence as a basis for occupational exposure limit setting. | fungal spores are ubiquitous in the environment. however, exposure levels in workplaces where mouldy materials are handled are much higher than in common indoor and outdoor environments. spores of all tested species induced inflammation in experimental studies. the response to mycotoxin-producing and pathogenic species was much stronger. in animal studies, nonallergic responses dominated after a single dose. allergic responses also occurred, especially to mycotoxin-producing and pathogenic speci ... | 2009 | 19863384 |
| aspects on evolution of fungal beta-lactam biosynthesis gene clusters and recruitment of trans-acting factors. | penicillins and cephalosporins are beta-lactam antibiotics. the formation of hydrophobic penicillins has been reported in fungi only, notably penicillium chrysogenum and aspergillus (emericella) nidulans, whereas the hydrophilic cephalosporins are produced by both fungi, e.g., acremonium chrysogenum (cephalosporin c), and bacteria. the producing bacteria include gram-negatives and gram-positives, e.g., streptomyces clavuligerus (cephamycin c) and lysobacter lactamgenus (cephabacins), respectivel ... | 2009 | 19863978 |
| the global regulator laea controls penicillin biosynthesis, pigmentation and sporulation, but not roquefortine c synthesis in penicillium chrysogenum. | the biosynthesis of the beta-lactam antibiotic penicillin is an excellent model for the study of secondary metabolites produced by filamentous fungi due to the good background knowledge on the biochemistry and molecular genetics of the beta-lactam producing microorganisms. the three genes (pcbab, pcbc, pende) encoding enzymes of the penicillin pathway in penicillium chrysogenum are clustered, but no penicillin pathway-specific regulators have been found in the genome region that contains the pen ... | 2009 | 18952140 |
| deletion and overexpression of the aspergillus nidulans gata factor areb reveals unexpected pleiotropy. | the aspergillus nidulans transcription factor area is a key regulator of nitrogen metabolic gene expression. area contains a c-terminal gata zinc finger dna-binding domain and activates expression of genes necessary for nitrogen acquisition. previous studies identified areb as a potential negative regulator of nitrogen catabolism showing similarity with penicillium chrysogenum nreb and neurospora crassa asd4. the areb gene encodes multiple products containing an n-terminal gata zinc finger and a ... | 2009 | 19628561 |
| exploring and dissecting genome-wide gene expression responses of penicillium chrysogenum to phenylacetic acid consumption and penicilling production. | since the discovery of the antibacterial activity of penicillin by fleming 80 years ago, improvements of penicillin titer were essentially achieved by classical strain improvement through mutagenesis and screening. the recent sequencing of penicillium chrysogenum strain wisconsin1255-54 and the availability of genomics tools such as dna-microarray offer new perspective. | 2009 | 19203396 |
| screening and productivity of penicillin antibiotic from penicillium sp. | this paper highlights the antagonism effect of penicillium isolates, which were screened against the test organisms such as staphylococcus aureus, e. coli and penicillium sp. penicillium notatum and penicillium chrysogenum isolates were used for penicillin biosynthesis. the antibacterial activities of fermented crude penicillin extract were assayed by disc diffusion method. maximum antibacterial activity was observed in gram positive organisms (staphylococcus aureus) when compared with gram nega ... | 2009 | 21117415 |
| matching the proteome to the genome: the microbody of penicillin-producing penicillium chrysogenum cells. | in the filamentous fungus penicillium chrysogenum, microbodies are essential for penicillin biosynthesis. to better understand the role of these organelles in antibiotics production, we determined the matrix enzyme contents of p. chrysogenum microbodies. using a novel in silico approach, we first obtained a catalogue of 200 p. chrysogenum proteins with putative microbody targeting signals (ptss). this included two orthologs of proteins involved in cephalosporin biosynthesis, which we demonstrate ... | 2009 | 19156454 |
| purification and characterization of the cold-active alkaline protease from marine cold-adaptive penicillium chrysogenum fs010. | an extracellular cold-active alkaline serine protease from penicillium chrysogenum fs010 has been purified. the purification procedure involved: ammonium sulfate precipitation, deae ion-exchange chromatography and sephadex g-100 gel chromatography. sds-page of the purified enzyme indicated a molecular weight of 41,000 +/- 1,000 da. the protease is stable in a ph range of 7.0-9.0 and has a maximum activity at ph 9.0. compared with other industrial proteases, the enzyme shows a high hydrolytic act ... | 2009 | 19116773 |
| study on the diversity of endophytic communities from rice (oryza sativa l.) and their antagonistic activities in vitro. | endophytic populations were isolated from 2400 segments of oryza sativa collected from bhadra river project area, southern india during december 2005 (winter) and april 2006 (summer). overall colonization rates from surface sterilized tissues were 40.3% in roots and 25.83% in leaves during winter season, 20.15% in roots and 8.66% in leaves during summer season. nineteen different fungal taxa, a streptomyces sp. and bacterial species were isolated. streptomyces sp., chaetomium globosum, penicilli ... | 2009 | 17433644 |
| the penicillium chrysogenum antifungal protein paf, a promising tool for the development of new antifungal therapies and fungal cell biology studies. | in recent years the interest in antimicrobial proteins and peptides and their mode of action has been rapidly increasing due to their potential to prevent and combat microbial infections in all areas of life. a detailed knowledge about the function of such proteins is the most important requirement to consider them for future application. our research in recent years has been focused on the low molecular weight, cysteine-rich and cationic antifungal protein paf from penicillium chrysogenum, whic ... | 2008 | 17965829 |
| fungal growth inhibitory properties of new phytosphingolipid analogues. | to study the growth inhibitory properties of a series of phytosphingosine (phs) and phytoceramide (phc) analogues. | 2008 | 18005346 |
| minimization of a eukaryotic mini-intein. | inteins are internal protein splicing elements that can autocatalytically self-excise from their host protein and ligate the protein flanks (exteins) with a peptide bond. large inteins comprise independent protein splicing and endonuclease domains whereas mini-inteins lack the central endonuclease domain. to identify mini-intein domains that are essential for protein splicing, deletions were introduced at different sites of the 157-aa prp8 mini-intein of penicillium chrysogenum. the removal of e ... | 2008 | 18054328 |
| fungistatic activity of flaxseed in potato dextrose agar and a fresh noodle system. | although numerous researchers have studied flaxseed as a food ingredient for its health benefits, flaxseed (linum usitatissimum) has never been considered as a food preservative. the objective of this study was to investigate the effect of flaxseed flour (ff) concentration (0, 6, 9, 12, and 15% wt/wt), cultivar ('omega' and brown) and source (four seed companies located in minnesota and north dakota) on flaxseed fungistatic activity. fungal radial growth was used to assess the fungistatic activi ... | 2008 | 18077042 |
| repeat induced point mutation in two asexual fungi, aspergillus niger and penicillium chrysogenum. | repeat induced point mutation (rip) is a gene silencing mechanism present in fungal genomes. during rip, duplicated sequences are efficiently and irreversibly mutated by transitions from c:g to t:a. for the first time, we have identified traces of rip in transposable elements of aspergillus niger and penicillium chrysogenum, two biotechnologically relevant fungi. we found that rip in p. chrysogenum has affected a large set of sequences, which also contain other mutations. on the other hand, rip ... | 2008 | 18347798 |
| vacuolar serine protease is a major allergen of cladosporium cladosporioides. | cladosporium is an important allergenic fungus worldwide. we report here a major allergen of c. cladosporioides. | 2008 | 18362473 |
| heterotrimeric galpha protein pga1 of penicillium chrysogenum controls conidiation mainly by a camp-independent mechanism. | fungal heterotrimeric g proteins regulate different processes related to development, such as colony growth and asexual sporulation, the main mechanism of propagation in filamentous fungi. to gain insight into the mechanisms controlling growth and differentiation in the industrial penicillin producer penicillioum chrysogenum, we investigated the role of the heterotrimeric galpha subunit pga1 in conidiogenesis. a pga1 deleted strain (deltapga1) and transformants with constitutively activated (pga ... | 2008 | 18364746 |
| production of functionally active penicillium chrysogenum isopenicillin n synthase in the yeast hansenula polymorpha. | beta-lactams like penicillin and cephalosporin are among the oldest known antibiotics used against bacterial infections. industrially, penicillin is produced by the filamentous fungus penicillium chrysogenum. our goal is to introduce the entire penicillin biosynthesis pathway into the methylotrophic yeast hansenula polymorpha. yeast species have the advantage of being versatile, easy to handle and cultivate, and possess superior fermentation properties relative to filamentous fungi. one of the f ... | 2008 | 18366686 |
| nadph-dependent glutamate dehydrogenase in penicillium chrysogenum is involved in regulation of beta-lactam production. | the interactions between the ammonium assimilatory pathways and beta-lactam production were investigated by disruption of the nadph-dependent glutamate dehydrogenase gene (gdha) in two industrial beta-lactam-producing strains of penicillium chrysogenum. the strains used were an adipoyl-7-adca- and a penicillin-producing strain. the gdha gene disruption caused a decrease in maximum specific growth rate of 26 % and 35 % for the adipoyl-7-adca-producing strain and the penicillin-producing strain, r ... | 2008 | 18375816 |
| the unprocessed preprotein form iatc103s of the isopenicillin n acyltransferase is transported inside peroxisomes and regulates its self-processing. | previous studies in penicillium chrysogenum and aspergillus nidulans suggested that self-processing of the isopenicillin n acyltransferase (iat) is an important differential factor in these fungi. expression of a mutant pende(c103s) gene in p. chrysogenum gave rise to an unprocessed inactive variant of iat (iat(c103s)) located inside peroxisomes, which indicates that transport of the proiat inside these organelles is not dependent on the processing state of the protein. co-expression of the pend ... | 2008 | 18439860 |
| [investigation of the effect of constructions in hospital environment on the crucial units for immunocompromised patients and the development of opportunistic mold infections]. | this study was planned to determine the effect of building constructions in and around our hospital, on the development of opportunistic mold infections in immunocompromised patients hospitalized in bone marrow and kidney transplantation units and haematology and oncology units. samples were collected from high risk units by an air sampler (air ideal) from indoors and outdoors of a total of 43 patient rooms. the most commonly isolated species from indoor air cultures of our hospital were penicil ... | 2008 | 18444565 |
| inactivation of conidia of penicillium chrysogenum, p. digitatum and p. italicum by ethanol solutions and vapours. | a fractional factorial design, 2(5-1) experiments, was used for assessing the influence of 5 factors: water activity, aw [0.7, 0.9], temperature, t ( degrees c) [10, 30], mode of application, a [liquid, vapour], ethanol concentration, e (% w/w) [5, 10] and time, t (d) [1, 4] on the inactivation of spores of penicillium chrysogenum, p. digitatum and p. italicum. survival was determined by germination at optimal conditions within 3d. the experimental response was log (n 0/nt), where n 0 and nt (sp ... | 2008 | 18160164 |
| antifungal activity stability of flaxseed protein extract using response surface methodology. | the stability of the antifungal activity of flaxseed (linum usitatissimum) protein extract was evaluated in this study. response surface methodology (rsm) using box-behnken factorial design was used to evaluate the effects of treatment variables, that is, temperature (50 to 90 degrees c), time (1 to 29 min), and ph (2 to 8), on the residual antifungal activity (raa) against penicillium chrysogenum, fusarium graminearum, aspergillus flavus, and a penicillium sp. isolated from moldy noodles. regre ... | 2008 | 18211360 |
| eighty years after its discovery, fleming's penicillium strain discloses the secret of its sex. | eighty years ago, alexander fleming discovered antibacterial activity in the asexual mold penicillium, and the strain he studied later was replaced by an overproducing isolate still used for penicillin production today. using a heterologous pcr approach, we show that these strains are of opposite mating types and that both have retained transcriptionally expressed pheromone and pheromone receptor genes required for sexual reproduction. this discovery extends options for industrial strain improve ... | 2008 | 18223118 |
| isotopic non-stationary 13c gluconate tracer method for accurate determination of the pentose phosphate pathway split-ratio in penicillium chrysogenum. | current (13)c labeling experiments for metabolic flux analysis (mfa) are mostly limited by either the requirement of isotopic steady state or the extremely high computational effort due to the size and complexity of large metabolic networks. the presented novel approach circumvents these limitations by applying the isotopic non-stationary approach to a local metabolic network. the procedure is demonstrated in a study of the pentose phosphate pathway (ppp) split-ratio of penicillium chrysogenum i ... | 2008 | 18555197 |
| phagocytosis of aspergillus fumigatus conidia by primary nasal epithelial cells in vitro. | invasive aspergillosis, which is mainly caused by the fungus aspergillus fumigatus, is an increasing problem in immunocompromised patients. infection occurs by inhalation of airborne conidia, which are first encountered by airway epithelial cells. internalization of these conidia into the epithelial cells could serve as a portal of entry for this pathogenic fungus. | 2008 | 18564423 |
| microbial and xanthine dehydrogenase inhibitory activity of some flavones. | xanthine dehydrogenase (xdh) is responsible for the pathological condition called gout. in the present study different flavones synthesized from chalcone were evaluated in vitro for their inhibitory activity. inhibitory activity of flavones on xdh was determined in terms of inhibition of uric acid synthesis from xanthine. the enzymatic activity was found maximum at ph 7.5 and temperature 40 degrees c. the flavones 6-chloro-2-[3-(4-hydroxy-phenyl)-1-phenyl-1-h-pyrazol-4-yl]-chromen-4-one (f(1)) a ... | 2008 | 18569337 |
| in vitro activity of penicillium chrysogenum antifungal protein (paf) and its combination with fluconazole against different dermatophytes. | strains of five dermatophyte species (microsporum canis, microsporum gypseum, trichophyton mentagrophytes, trichophyton rubrum and trichophyton tonsurans) were selected for testing against penicillium chrysogenum antifungal protein (paf) and its combination with fluconazole (fcz). inhibition of microconidia germination and growth was detected with mics of paf ranging from 1.56 to 200 microg ml(-1) when it was used alone, or at constant concentration (100 microg ml(-1)) in combination with fcz at ... | 2008 | 18574706 |
| rna-silencing in penicillium chrysogenum and acremonium chrysogenum: validation studies using beta-lactam genes expression. | in this work we report the development and validation of a new rna interference vector (pjl43-rnai) containing a double-stranded rna expression cassette for gene silencing in the filamentous fungi penicillium chrysogenum and acremonium chrysogenum. classical targeted gene disruption in these fungi is very laborious and inefficient due to the low frequency of homologous recombination. the rnai vector has been validated by testing the attenuation of two different genes of the beta-lactam pathway; ... | 2008 | 18590779 |
| mold challenge study in bottled natural mineral waters and spring waters. | microbiological challenge study was carried out to verify the microbial stability of bottled waters against four different mold species isolated from bottled water (fusarium sp.; cladosporium sp.; penicillium chrysogenum and aspergillus fumigatus) and to follow the growth of the molds in bottled water. twelve types of bottled water with different mineralization and co2 level in pet and glass packages were collected from 4 european countries. three different inoculation levels of spore suspension ... | 2008 | 18595319 |
| effect of the penicillium chrysogenum antifungal protein (paf) on barley powdery mildew and wheat leaf rust pathogens. | the small molecular mass antifungal protein of penicillium chrysogenum (paf) inhibited the growths of two obligate biotrophic fungal pathogens, blumeria graminis f. sp. hordei and puccinia recondita f.sp. tritici and, hence, mitigated the symptoms of barley powdery mildew and wheat leaf rust infections, respectively. paf also affected adversely the germination of b. graminis conidia and p. recondita uredospores causing degenerative branching of germ tubes. since powdery mildews and rusts cause s ... | 2008 | 18798177 |
| the heterotrimeric galpha protein pga1 regulates biosynthesis of penicillin, chrysogenin and roquefortine in penicillium chrysogenum. | we have studied the role of the pga1 gene of penicillium chrysogenum, encoding the alpha subunit of a heterotrimeric g protein, in secondary metabolite production. the dominant activating pga1(g42r) mutation caused an increase in the production of the three secondary metabolites penicillin, the yellow pigment chrysogenin and the mycotoxin roquefortine, whereas the dominant inactivating pga1(g203r) allele and the deletion of the pga1 gene resulted in a decrease of the amount of produced penicilli ... | 2008 | 18957609 |
| expression of the transporter encoded by the ceft gene of acremonium chrysogenum increases cephalosporin production in penicillium chrysogenum. | by introduction of the cefef genes of acremonium chrysogenum and the cmch gene of streptomyces clavuligerus, penicillium chrysogenum can be reprogrammed to form adipoyl-7-amino-3-carbamoyloxymethyl-3-cephem-4-carboxylic acid (ad7-accca), a carbamoylated derivate of adipoyl-7-aminodeacetoxy-cephalosporanic acid. the ceft gene of a. chrysogenum encodes a cephalosporin c transporter that belongs to the major facilitator superfamily. introduction of ceft into an ad7-accca-producing p. chrysogenum st ... | 2008 | 18691664 |
| distributions of the growth rate of the germ tubes and germination time of penicillium chrysogenum conidia depend on water activity. | the effects of water activities for sporulation (a(wsp)) and germination (a(wge)) on the distributions of the growth rate of the germ tubes (mu) and the germination time (t(g)) of penicillium chrysogenum conidia were determined by monitoring the length of the same germ tubes throughout the experiments automatically. no relationship between the individual t(g)'s and mu's could be established. irrespective of the water activity for germination, mu was greater and t(g) was less for conidia produced ... | 2008 | 18721680 |
| lys89, lys90, and phe91 are critical core amino acid residues of the pen ch 18 major fungal allergen recognized by human ige antibodies. | a vacuolar serine protease (pen ch 18) has been identified as a major allergen of penicillium chrysogenum. the molecular features of antigenic determinant(s) on pen ch 18 recognized by human ige antibodies, however, have remained unclear. here, we show that a dominant ige epitope on the n-terminally processed pen ch 18 allergen was narrowed down to residues 83-91. in addition, lys89, lys90, and possibly phe91 were identified as the core residues. substitution of lys89, lys90, or phe91 with alani ... | 2008 | 18760997 |
| post-translational enzyme modification by the phosphopantetheinyl transferase is required for lysine and penicillin biosynthesis but not for roquefortine or fatty acid formation in penicillium chrysogenum. | nrpss (non-ribosomal peptide synthetases) and pkss (polyketide synthases) require post-translational phosphopantetheinylation to become active. this reaction is catalysed by a pptase (4'-phosphopantetheinyl transferase). the ppt gene of penicillium chrysogenum, encoding a protein that shares 50% similarity with the stand-alone large pptases, has been cloned. this gene is present as a single copy in the genome of the wild-type and high-penicillin-producing strains (containing multiple copies of t ... | 2008 | 18558918 |
| genome sequencing and analysis of the filamentous fungus penicillium chrysogenum. | industrial penicillin production with the filamentous fungus penicillium chrysogenum is based on an unprecedented effort in microbial strain improvement. to gain more insight into penicillin synthesis, we sequenced the 32.19 mb genome of p. chrysogenum wisconsin54-1255 and identified numerous genes responsible for key steps in penicillin production. dna microarrays were used to compare the transcriptomes of the sequenced strain and a penicilling high-producing strain, grown in the presence and a ... | 2008 | 18820685 |
| occupational immunoglobulin e-mediated asthma due to penicillium camemberti in a dry-sausage packer. | a 62-year-old female sausage packer reported progressive work-related asthma, rhinitis and contact urticaria after contact to dry sausages refined by moulds. whereas skin prick tests with commercial mould extracts were negative, the patient showed weak skin sensitization to a cultivated mould sample from a dry sausage. specific immunoglobulin e antibodies to various moulds were demonstrated by immunocap and antibodies to the cultivated mould sample were demonstrated by enzyme allergosorbent test ... | 2008 | 17108671 |
| cloning and functional identification of c-4 methyl sterol oxidase genes from the penicillin-producing fungus penicillium chrysogenum. | two c-4 methyl sterol oxidase genes (pcerg25a and pcerg25b) that are involved in ergosterol biosynthesis have been cloned from the penicillin-producing fungus penicillium chrysogenum. cdnas of both pcerg25a and pcerg25b have an orf 885 bp in length, encoding a peptide of 295 residues. the deduced amino acid sequences of pcerg25a and pcerg25b show 86% identity, and have high identities to the characterized c-4 methyl sterol oxidases from candida albicans and saccharomyces cerevisiae. the function ... | 2008 | 18707625 |
| no-donors. part 17: synthesis and antimicrobial activity of novel ketoconazole-no-donor hybrid compounds. | novel hybrid compounds combining the antifungal drug ketoconazole with a diazen-1-ium-1,2-diolate or an organic nitrate moiety and the corresponding no-donors without ketoconazole were synthesized and their activities against a broad variety of fungal strains were tested. hybridization modifies the spectrum of antimicrobial activities and generally, the ketoconazole-no-donor hybrids are more potent than ketoconazole. the no-donors alone show insufficient effectiveness. | 2008 | 18710813 |
| antimicrobial effect of oxidized cellulose salts. | antimicrobial properties of oxidized cellulose and its salts in linters (-l) and microsphere (-m) form (okcel h-l, okcel zn-m, okcel znna-l, okcel znna-m and okcel ag-l) were tested by a dilution method against a spectrum of microbial strains: escherichia coli, pseudomonas aeruginosa, staphylococcus epidermidis, bacillus licheniformis, aspergillus niger, penicillium chrysogenum, rhizopus oryzae, scopulariopsis brevicaulis, candida albicans and candida tropicalis. okcel ag-l exhibited antimicrobi ... | 2008 | 18712552 |
| mold species in dust from the international space station identified and quantified by mold-specific quantitative pcr. | dust was collected over a period of several weeks in 2007 from hepa filters in the u.s. laboratory module of the international space station (iss). the dust was returned on the space shuttle atlantis, mixed, sieved and the dna was extracted. using a dna-based method called mold-specific quantitative pcr (msqpcr), 39 molds were measured in the dust. potential opportunistic pathogens aspergillus flavus and aspergillus niger and potential moderate toxin producers penicillium chrysogenum and penicil ... | 2008 | 18602989 |
| quantitative analysis of metabolites in complex biological samples using ion-pair reversed-phase liquid chromatography-isotope dilution tandem mass spectrometry. | a rapid, sensitive and selective ion-pair reversed-phase liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization isotope dilution tandem mass spectrometry (ip-lc-esi-id-ms/ms) was developed for quantitative analysis of free intracellular metabolites in cell cultures. as an application a group of compounds involved in penicillin biosynthesis pathway of penicillium chrysogenum cells, such as penicillin g (peng), 6-aminopenicillanic acid (6-apa), benzylpenicilloic acid (pio), ortho-hydroxyphenyl acetic acid ... | 2008 | 18295225 |
| [preparation of a novel aminated fungal biomass and its sorption for typical endocrine disruptors]. | the fungal biomass of penicillium chrysogenum was used as raw materials to prepare the sorbent, and polyethylenimine (pei) was grafted onto the biomass surface in a two-step reaction. the best sorbent was obtained through the optimization experiments. as the pei-modified biomass was found to possess zero zeta-potential at ph 10.2, the biosorbent is favorable for the removal of anionic pentachlorophenol (pcp), 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-d) and perfluorooctane sulphonate (pfos) potassium ... | 2008 | 18649533 |
| a metabolome study of the steady-state relation between central metabolism, amino acid biosynthesis and penicillin production in penicillium chrysogenum. | the relation between central metabolism and the penicillin biosynthesis pathway in penicillium chrysogenum was studied by manipulating the steady-state flux in both pathways. a high producing industrial strain was cultivated at a growth rate mu=0.05 h(-1) in glucose-limited chemostat cultures, both under penicillin-g producing and non-producing conditions. non-producing conditions were accomplished in two ways: (1) by cultivation without addition of the side chain precursor phenylacetic acid and ... | 2008 | 17905623 |
| chrysogenamide a from an endophytic fungus associated with cistanche deserticola and its neuroprotective effect on sh-sy5y cells. | chrysogenamide a (1), a new member of the macfortine group of alkaloids, along with four known compounds (2 approximately 5) were identified from penicillium chrysogenum no. 005, an endophytic fungus associated with cistanche deserticola y. c. ma. the new structure was elucidated on the basis of comprehensive spectral analysis. 1 exhibited a neurocyte protection effect against oxidative stress-induced cell death in sh-sy5y cells. | 2008 | 18408327 |
| fungistatic activity of heat-treated flaxseed determined by response surface methodology. | the objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of heat treatment on the fungistatic activity of flaxseed (linum usitatissimum) in potato dextrose agar (pda) medium and a fresh noodle system. the radial growth of penicilliumn chrysogenum, aspergillus flavus, and a penicillium sp. isolated from moldy noodles, as well as the mold count of fresh noodle enriched with heat treated flaxseed, were used to assess antifungal activity. a central composite design in the response surface methodology ... | 2008 | 19241553 |
| expression of the acremonium chrysogenum ceft gene in penicillum chrysogenum indicates that it encodes an hydrophilic beta-lactam transporter. | the acremonium chryrsogenum ceft gene encoding a membrane protein of the major facilitator superfamily implicated in the cephalosporin biosynthesis in a. chrysogenum was introduced into penicillium chrysogenum wisconsin 54-1255 (a benzylpenicillin producer), p. chrysogenum npe6 pyrg(-) (a derivative of wisconsin 54-1255 lacking a functional pende gene) and p. chrysogenum ta98 (a deacetylcephalosporin producer containing the cefd1, cefd2, cefef and cefg genes from a. chrysogenum). rt-pcr analysis ... | 2008 | 18668246 |
| the pattern of sensitisation to inhalant allergens in omani patients with asthma, allergic rhinitis and rhinoconjunctivitis. | identification of relevant allergens that are prevalent in each environment which may have diagnostic and therapeutic implications in allergic diseases. this study aimed to identify the pattern of sensitisation to inhalant allergens in omani patients with asthma, allergic rhinitis and rhinoconjunctivitis. | 2008 | 21748078 |
| ecological and physiological studies on soil fungi at western region, libya. | sixty three species and 5 varieties belonging to 30 fungal genera were collected from 75 soil samples. cultivated (29 genera and 58 species + 5 var.), desert (22 and 35 + 2 var.) and saline soil (21 and 41 + 1 var.) fungi were recovered on glucose-, cellulose- and 50% sucrose-czapek's agar at 28℃. the most common genera were alternaria, aspergillus, emericella, fusarium, mycosphaerella, nectria and penicillium. the most prevalent species from the three types of soils on the three types of media ... | 2008 | 23997599 |
| effect of some food preservatives on the lipolytic activity of beef luncheon fungi. | beef luncheon meat is one of the most popular meals in several countries in the world including egypt. thirty one fungal species and 3 species varieties were recovered from 30 samples of beef luncheon meat collected from different supermarkets in qena. alternaria, aspergillus, emericella, mucor, mycosphaerella, penicillium and rhizopus were the most common genera on the two types of media. from the above genera, the most prevalent species were alternaria alternate, aspergillus flavus, a. fumigat ... | 2008 | 23997619 |
| reprogramming hansenula polymorpha for penicillin production: expression of the penicillium chrysogenum pcl gene. | we aim to introduce the penicillin biosynthetic pathway into the methylotrophic yeast hansenula polymorpha. to allow simultaneous expression of the multiple genes of the penicillin biosynthetic pathway, additional markers were required. to this end, we constructed a novel host-vector system based on methionine auxotrophy and the h. polymorpha met6 gene, which encodes a putative cystathionine beta-lyase. with this new host-vector system, the penicillium chrysogenum pcl gene, encoding peroxisomal ... | 2007 | 17419769 |
| degradation of metabolites of benzo[a]pyrene by coupling penicillium chrysogenum with kmno4. | several main metabolites of benzo[a]pyrene (bap) formed by penicillium chrysogenum, benzo[a]pyrene-1,6-quinone (bp 1,6-quinone), trans-7,8-dihydroxy-7,8-dihydrobenzo[a]pyrene (bp 7,8-diol), 3-hydroxybenzo[a]pyrene (3-ohbp), were identified by high-performance liquid chromatography (hplc). the three metabolites were liable to be accumulated and were hardly further metabolized because of their toxicity to microorganisms. however, their further degradation was essential for the complete degradation ... | 2007 | 17915736 |
| combined effect of volatile antimicrobial agents on the growth of penicillium notatum. | widely used antimicrobial volatile organic compounds, such as sulphur dioxide and ethanol but also selected aroma compounds such as carvacrol, allyl isothiocyanate (aitc) and cinnamaldehyde, were tested single and in binary combination for their effect on penicillium notatum growth in vapour phase at 30 degrees c. aroma compounds were more efficient compared to sulphur dioxide and ethanol. aitc and cinnamaldehyde had the highest inhibition activity on the growth of p. notatum with minimum inhibi ... | 2007 | 17011661 |
| functional characterization of the penicillin biosynthetic gene cluster of penicillium chrysogenum wisconsin54-1255. | industrial strain improvement via classical mutagenesis is a black box approach. in an attempt to learn from and understand the mutations introduced, we cloned and characterized the amplified region of industrial penicillin production strains. upon amplification of this region penicillium chrysogenum is capable of producing an increased amount of antibiotics, as was previously reported [barredo, j.l., diez, b., alvarez, e., martín, j.f., 1989a. large amplification of a 35-kb dna fragment carryin ... | 2007 | 17548217 |
| interactions between statins and penicillium chrysogenum antifungal protein (paf) to inhibit the germination of sporangiospores of different sensitive zygomycetes. | this study reports on the antifungal activities of statins combined with an antifungal compound secreted by penicillium chrysogenum, paf. several species belonging in the class zygomycetes are considered to be agents of human or animal mycoses; other species have significance as postharvest plant pathogens. in the present work, four species (rhizopus stolonifer, mortierella wolfii, syncephalastrum racemosum and mycotypha africana) that exhibited different sensitivities to lovastatin and paf in p ... | 2007 | 17302920 |
| cloning, sequencing and expression analysis of the first cellulase gene encoding cellobiohydrolase 1 from a cold-adaptive penicillium chrysogenum fs010. | a cellobiohydrolase 1 gene (cbh1) was cloned from penicillium chrysogenum fs010 by a modified thermal asymmetric interlaced polymerase chain reaction (tail-pcr). dna sequencing shows that cbh1 has an open reading frame of 1590 bp, encoding a putative protein of 529 amino acid residues. the deduced amino acid sequence revealed that cbhi has a modular structure with a predicted molecular mass of 56 kda and consists of a fungal type carbohydrate binding module separated from a catalytic domain by a ... | 2007 | 17277884 |
| formate as an auxiliary substrate for glucose-limited cultivation of penicillium chrysogenum: impact on penicillin g production and biomass yield. | production of beta-lactams by the filamentous fungus penicillium chrysogenum requires a substantial input of atp. during glucose-limited growth, this atp is derived from glucose dissimilation, which reduces the product yield on glucose. the present study has investigated whether penicillin g yields on glucose can be enhanced by cofeeding of an auxiliary substrate that acts as an energy source but not as a carbon substrate. as a model system, a high-producing industrial strain of p. chrysogenum w ... | 2007 | 17545326 |
| increased neurotrophin production in a penicillium chrysogenum-induced allergic asthma model in mice. | neurotrophins, including nerve growth factor (ngf), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (bdnf), and neurotrophin (nt)-3, have been implicated in the pathogenesis of many features and symptoms of asthma. the role of neurotrophins in fungal allergic asthma, however, is unknown. repeated pulmonary challenge with penicillium chrysogenum extract (pce) induces dose-dependent allergic asthma-like responses in mice. the aim of this study was to investigate whether neurotrophins are involved in the pce-ind ... | 2007 | 17497413 |
| multi-objective optimization of an industrial penicillin v bioreactor train using non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm. | bulk of the penicillin produced is used as raw material for semi-synthetic penicillin (such as amoxicillin and ampicillin) and semi-synthetic cephalosporins (such as cephalexin and cefadroxil). in the present paper, an industrial penicillin v bioreactor train is optimized for multiple objectives simultaneously. an industrial train, comprising a bank of identical bioreactors, is run semi-continuously in a synchronous fashion. the fermentation taking place in a bioreactor is modeled using a morpho ... | 2007 | 17405176 |
| trans-splicing of an artificially split fungal mini-intein. | inteins are internal protein domains found inside the coding region of different proteins. they can autocatalytically self-excise from their host protein and ligate the protein flanks, called exteins, with a peptide bond via a post-translational process called protein cis-splicing. in contrast, protein trans-splicing involves inteins split into an n- and a c-terminal domain. both domains are synthesized as two separate components and each joined to an extein; the intein domains can reassemble an ... | 2007 | 17316565 |
| fungal control of pathogenic fungi isolated from wild plants in taif governorate, saudia arabia. | twenty two plants were collected from taif governorate and identified as: euphorbia glomerifera, juniperus procera, launaea mucronata, capparis dcidua, punica granatum, opuntia ficus, prunus persica, eucalyptus globulus, medicago sativa, artemisia monosperma, trichodesma calathiforme, artemisia judaica, foeniculum vulgare, phagnalon sinaicum, rumex dentatus, asphodelus aestives, pulicaria crispa, launae sonchoides, forsskaolea tenacissima, arnebia hispidissima, avena spp and aerva lanata. pathog ... | 2007 | 18928069 |
| characterization of a novel tyrosine permease of lager brewing yeast shared by saccharomyces cerevisiae strain rm11-1a. | in saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast, the uptake of aromatic amino acids is mediated by the relatively specific permeases tat1p, tat2p, bap2p, and bap3p, as well as by two other permeases with broader specificities: gap1p and agp1p. here, a novel permease gene tat3 (tyrosine amino acid transporter) identified in the s. cerevisiae-type subset genome of the lager brewing yeast strain weihenstephan nr.34 (34/70) is reported. the tat3 sequence was also found in the genome of s. cerevisiae strain rm11-1 ... | 2007 | 17825063 |
| isocoumarin derivatives from the sea squirt-derived fungus penicillium stoloniferum qy2-10 and the halotolerant fungus penicillium notatum b-52. | two isocoumarin derivatives, stoloniferol a (1) and b (2), a known 5alpha, 8alpha-epidioxy-23-methyl-(22e, 24r)-ergosta-6, 22-dien-3beta-ol (3), and a known dihydrocitrinone (4) were isolated from the ethyl acetate extract of the sea squirt-derived fungus, penicillium stoloniferum qy2-10, and a halophilic fungus, penicillium notatum b-52, respectively. their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods and optical rotation. the stereochemistry of 2 was determined on the basis of different ... | 2007 | 17703731 |
| yeast-like cell formation and glutathione metabolism in autolysing cultures of penicillium chrysogenum. | the bulk formation of yeast-like (arthrospore-like) cells were typical in carbon-depleted submerged cultures of the high beta-lactam producer penicillium chrysogenum ncaim 00237 strain independently of the nitrogen-content of the culture medium. this morphogenetic switch was still quite common in carbon-starving cultures of the low-penicillin-producer strain p. chrysogenum atcc 28089 (wis 54-1255) when the nitrogen-content of the medium was low but was a very rare event in wild-type p. chrysogen ... | 2007 | 18277469 |
| response of fungal community in the unpolluted and polluted (textile and distillery wastes) habitats. | 37 fungal species were recorded, maximum found in textile wastewater polluted habitats (35) followed by unpolluted (15) and distillery polluted (6) habitats. fungal diversity in sediment samples of textile wastewater polluted habitats (25) was a little lower than wastewater samples (32), whereas it varied little both in the samples of unpolluted habitats (sambhar wetlands: 5-6; garden tanks: 9-10) and distillery waste (3-5). seasonal variation in species diversity was more pronounced in the text ... | 2007 | 18476401 |
| isolation and biochemical characterization of an antifungal peptide from amaranthus hypochondriacus seeds. | an antifungal peptide, ay-amp, was isolated from amaranthus hypochondriacus seeds by acidic extraction and then purified by reverse-phase high-pressure liquid chromatography. the molecular mass of this peptide, as determined by mass spectrometry, is 3184 da. the peptide belongs to the superfamily of chitin-binding proteins, containing a single cysteine/glycine-rich chitin-binding domain, and it was found that ay-amp degrades chitin. ay-amp inhibits the growth, at very low doses, of different pat ... | 2007 | 18031007 |
| [cloning and characterization of a novel glutathione transferase gene from penicillium chrysogenum]. | glutathione transferases (gsts) are a family of multifunctional proteins that mainly catalyze the conjugation of intracellular glutathione (gsh) to a wide variety of endogenous and exogenous electrophilic compounds. gsts play important roles in stress tolerance and in the detoxification metabolism in organisms. a novel gst gene, pc gstb, was cloned from penicillin producing fungus penicillium chrysogenum using rt-pcr. the open reading frame (orf) of pc gstb was 651 bp and encoded a peptide of 21 ... | 2007 | 17822032 |
| german environmental survey for children (geres iv)--first results. | german environmental surveys (geress) are large scale population studies which have been carried out on adults in 1985/86, 1990/92 and 1998 and on children aged 6-14 years in 1990/92. geres iv is the first survey focussing exclusively on children [becker, k., schulz, c., babisch, w., dürkop, j., roskamp, e., seiwert, m., szewzyk, r., ullrich, d., seifert, b., 2005. german environmental survey for children (geres iv) 2003-2006. pullut. atmos. 188, 475-479]. geres iv included a representative samp ... | 2007 | 17870665 |
| transposons in biotechnologically relevant strains of aspergillus niger and penicillium chrysogenum. | in the past 15 years, many class i and class ii transposons were identified in filamentous fungi. however, little is known about the influence of transposons during industrial strain development. the availability of the complete genome sequences of the industrially relevant fungi aspergillus niger and penicillium chrysogenum has enabled an analysis of transposons present in these two fungi. here, a compilation of the transposon-like sequences identified is provided. we investigated a yet undescr ... | 2007 | 17881255 |
| biodegradation of crude oil and n-alkanes by fungi isolated from oman. | ten fungal species isolated from tar balls collected from the beaches of oman were tested for their abilities to grow and degrade n-alkanes and crude oil. the abilities of aspergillus niger, a. ochraceus and penicillium chrysogenum to degrade n-alkanes (c13-c18), crude oil were compared and their mycelial biomass was measured. significant differences were found in the utilization of c15, c16, c17 and c18 by the three fungi. similarly, significant differences we found in the amount of biomass pro ... | 2007 | 17904586 |
| antimicrobial activity of extracts of the lichen parmelia sulcata and its salazinic acid constituent. | the antimicrobial activity of the acetone, chloroform, diethyl ether, methanol, and petroleum ether extracts of the lichen parmelia sulcata and its salazinic acid constituent have been screened against twenty eight food-borne bacteria and fungi. all of the extracts with the exception of the petroleum ether extract showed antimicrobial activity against aeromonas hydrophila, bacillus cereus, bacillus subtilis, listeria monocytogenes, proteus vulgaris, yersinia enterocolitica, staphylococcus aureus ... | 2007 | 17913083 |
| binding of the pta1 transcriptional activator to the divergent promoter region of the first two genes of the penicillin pathway in different penicillium species. | the aim of this work is to establish the correlation between the transcriptional activator pta1 and the expression of the penicillin genes in different penicillin-producing strains. the level of expression of the first two genes of the penicillin pathway was clearly higher in penicillium chrysogenum than in penicillium notatum and penicillium nalgiovense. the divergent promoter pcbab-pcbc region contains binding sequences for several transcriptional factors that are conserved in p. notatum and p ... | 2007 | 17924108 |
| [construction of yeast expression vector containing gfp-skl reporter gene and its function in study of peroxisome]. | peroxisomes are important subcellular organelles that are present in almost all eukaryotic cells. they are involved in a variety of metabolic functions include fatty acid beta-oxidation, h2o2-based respiration and so on. the last step of penicillin biosynthetic is also located in peroxisome in penicillium chrysogenum. peroxisome biogenesis has been well elucidated in saccharomyces cerevisiae and a lot of yeast peroxisome-deficient strains were available to validate the functions of peroxisome ge ... | 2007 | 17944376 |
| the pga1 gene of penicillium chrysogenum nrrl 1951 encodes a heterotrimeric g protein alpha subunit that controls growth and development. | the pga1 gene of penicillium chrysogenum nrrl 1951 has been cloned and shown to participate in the developmental program of this fungus. it encodes a protein showing a high degree of identity to group i alpha subunits of fungal heterotrimeric g proteins, presenting in its sequence all the distinctive characteristics of this group. northern analysis revealed that pga1 is highly expressed in a constitutive manner in submerged cultures, while its expression changes during development on solid media ... | 2007 | 17467244 |