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aspergillus oryzae aoso is a novel component of stress granules upon heat stress in filamentous fungi.stress granules are a type of cytoplasmic messenger ribonucleoprotein (mrnp) granule formed in response to the inhibition of translation initiation, which typically occurs when cells are exposed to stress. stress granules are conserved in eukaryotes; however, in filamentous fungi, including aspergillus oryzae, stress granules have not yet been defined. for this reason, here we investigated the formation and localization of stress granules in a. oryzae cells exposed to various stresses using an e ...201323991062
random mutagenesis of the aspergillus oryzae genome results in fungal antibacterial activity.multidrug-resistant bacteria cause severe infections in hospitals and communities. development of new drugs to combat resistant microorganisms is needed. natural products of microbial origin are the source of most currently available antibiotics. we hypothesized that random mutagenesis of aspergillus oryzae would result in secretion of antibacterial compounds. to address this hypothesis, we developed a screen to identify individual a. oryzae mutants that inhibit the growth of methicillin-resista ...201323983696
reduction of the degradation activity of umami-enhancing purinic ribonucleotide supplement in miso by the targeted suppression of acid phosphatases in the aspergillus oryzae starter culture.miso (fermented soybean paste) is a traditional japanese fermented food, and is now used worldwide. the solid-state culture of filamentous fungus, aspergillus oryzae, grown on rice is known as rice-koji, and is important as a starter for miso fermentation because of its prominent hydrolytic enzyme activities. recently, commercial miso products have been supplemented with purinic ribonucleotides, such as inosine monophosphate (imp) and guanine monophosphate, to enhance the characteristic umami ta ...201323973834
metabolic engineering of aspergillus oryzae nrrl 3488 for increased production of l-malic acid.malic acid, a petroleum-derived c4-dicarboxylic acid that is used in the food and beverage industries, is also produced by a number of microorganisms that follow a variety of metabolic routes. several members of the genus aspergillus utilize a two-step cytosolic pathway from pyruvate to malate known as the reductive tricarboxylic acid (rtca) pathway. this simple and efficient pathway has a maximum theoretical yield of 2 mol malate/mol glucose when the starting pyruvate originates from glycolysis ...201323925533
engineering the thermostability of a xylanase from aspergillus oryzae by an enhancement of the interactions between the n-terminus extension and the β-sheet a2 of the enzyme.a mesophilic aspergillus oryzae xylanase (aoxyn11a) belongs to glycoside hydrolase family 11. hydrogen bonds and a disulfide bridge were introduced between the n-terminus extension and the β-sheet a2 of aoxyn11a, which were located in the corresponding region of a hyperthermostable xylanase. the mutants were designated as aoxyn11a(c5) and aoxyn11a(c5-c32), respectively. the thermostabilities of aoxyn11a and the mutants were assessed by the molecular dynamics simulations. after being incubated at ...201323907668
comparison and analysis of the genomes of two aspergillus oryzae strains.a. oryzae 3.042 (china) and a. oryzae rib40 (japan) used for soy sauce fermentation show some regional differences. we sequenced the genome of a. oryzae 3.042 and compared it to a. oryzae rib40 in an attempt to understand why different features are shown by these two a. oryzae strains. we predict 11,399 protein-coding genes in a. oryzae 3.042. the genomes of these two a. oryzae strains are collinear revealed by mummer analysis, indicating that the differences are not obvious between them. severa ...201323889147
mycoflora of soybeans used for meju fermentation.diverse fungi are present in korean traditional meju and they are known to play an important role in fermented soybean products. to determine the origin of the fungi in meju, we examined the mycoflora of soybeans from 10 traditional meju factories. the samples were untreated or treated with sodium hypochlorite, and placed on malt extract agar (mea), dichloran 18% glycerol agar (dg18), and dichloran rose bengal chloramphenicol agar (drbc) medium. a total of 794 fungal strains were isolated and th ...201323874133
assessment of a bacterial 6-phytase in the diets of broiler chickens.two 21-d broiler experiments were conducted to assess the efficacy of a bacterial 6-phytase expressed in aspergillus oryzae on growth performance, nutrient utilization, and intestinal molecular markers. two hundred forty birds in 5 treatments (experiment 1) or 256 birds in 4 treatments (experiment 2) were used. the treatments included a negative control diet that was marginally deficient in p (nc) or nc plus tricalcium phosphate, 500, 1,000, or 2,000 phytase units/kg (experiment 1), and nc or nc ...201323873558
effect of the combined probiotics with aflatoxin b₁-degrading enzyme on aflatoxin detoxification, broiler production performance and hepatic enzyme gene expression.in order to degrade aflatoxin b₁ (afb₁), afb₁-degrading microbes (probiotics) such as lactobacillus casei, bacillus subtilis and pichia anomala, and the afb₁-degrading enzyme from aspergillus oryzae were selected and combined to make feed additive. seventy-five 43-day-old male arbor acres broilers were randomly divided into 5 groups, 15 broilers for each group. the broilers were given with 5 kinds of diets such as the basal diet, 400 μg/kg afb₁ supplement without feed additive, and 200, 400, 800 ...201323831311
characterization of a (d)-stereoselective aminopeptidase (dama) exhibiting aminolytic activity and halophilicity from aspergillus oryzae.β-aminopeptidases exhibit both hydrolytic and aminolytic (peptide bond formation) activities and have only been reported in bacteria. we identified a gene encoding the β-aminopeptidase homolog from a genome database of the filamentous fungus aspergillus oryzae. the gene was overexpressed in a. oryzae, and the resulting recombinant enzyme was purified. apart from bacterial homologs [β-ala-para-nitroanilide (pna)], the enzyme preferred d-leu-pna and d-phe-pna as substrates. therefore, we designate ...201323821291
synthesis and antifungal activities of cyclic octa-lipopeptide burkholdine analogues.synthesis and antifungal activity of cyclic octapeptide derivatives of burkholdines are described. to construct cyclic octapeptides, the combination of fmoc-spps and cyclization with dic/hobt in the solution phase was employed. synthesized peptides were evaluated for antifungal activity with mic values against saccharomyces cerevisiae, aspergillus oryzae, and candida viswanathii. as a result, the lipid side chain and the stereochemistry of each amino acid of bk-1097 analogues significantly affec ...201323769641
structurally diverse chaetophenol productions induced by chemically mediated epigenetic manipulation of fungal gene expression.epigenetic manipulation of gene expression in chaetomium indicum using a hdac inhibitor led to the isolation of structurally diverse chaetophenols, and 3, 4 and 5 bear unprecedented polycyclic skeletons. the expression of two silent genes (pksch-1 and pksch-2) for nonreducing pkss involved in chaetophenol biosynthesis was associated with an increase of histone acetylation level. the heterologous gene expression study in aspergillus oryzae revealed pksch-2 to be the nr-pks gene for 8.201323767797
crystal structures of copper-depleted and copper-bound fungal pro-tyrosinase: insights into endogenous cysteine-dependent copper incorporation.tyrosinase, a dinuclear copper monooxygenase/oxidase, plays a crucial role in the melanin pigment biosynthesis. the structure and functions of tyrosinase have so far been studied extensively, but the post-translational maturation process from the pro-form to the active form has been less explored. in this study, we provide the crystal structures of aspergillus oryzae full-length pro-tyrosinase in the holo- and the apo-forms at 1.39 and 2.05 å resolution, respectively, revealing that phe(513) on ...201323749993
production of 8-hydroxydaidzein from soybean extract by aspergillus oryzae kacc 40247.aspergillus oryzae kacc 40247 was selected from among 60 fungal strains as an effective 7,8,4'-trihydroxyisoflavone (8-hydroxydaidzein)-producing fungus. the optimal culture conditions for production by this strain in a 7-l fermentor were found to be 30 °c, ph 6, and 300 rpm. under these conditions, a. oryzae kacc 40247 produced 62 mg/l of 8-hydroxydaidzein from soybean extract in 30 h, with a productivity of 2.1 mg/l/h. these are the highest production and productivity for 8-hydroxydaidzein eve ...201323748754
protective effects of the fermented laminaria japonica extract on oxidative damage in llc-pk1 cells.this study investigated the protective effect of the butanol (buoh) fraction from fermented laminaria japonica extract (bflj) on aaph-induced oxidative stress in porcine kidney epithelial cells (llc-pk1 cells). l. japonica was fermented by aspergillus oryzae at 35±1°c for 72 h. freeze-dried fermented l. japonica was extracted with distilled water, and the extracted solution was mixed with ethanol and then centrifuged. the supernatant was subjected to sequential fractionation with various solvent ...201324551823
a comparative study of extraction techniques for maximum recovery of glutamate decarboxylase (gad) from aspergillus oryzae nsk.γ-amino butyric acid (gaba) is a major inhibitory neurotransmitter of the mammalian central nervous system that plays a vital role in regulating vital neurological functions. the enzyme responsible for producing gaba is glutamate decarboxylase (gad), an intracellular enzyme that both food and pharmaceutical industries are currently using as the major catalyst in trial biotransformation process of gaba. we have successfully isolated a novel strain of aspergillus oryzae nsk that possesses a relati ...201324321181
modes of inhibition of α -amylase and α -glucosidase by aqueous extract of morinda lucida benth leaf.diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder of glucose metabolism. the management of blood glucose level is the hallmark in the treatment of this disease. this may be achieved through the use of oral hypoglycemic drugs such as biguanides, insulin secretagogues, and α-glucosidase inhibitors. the purpose of the present study was to investigate the inhibitory effect of morinda lucida leaf extracts on the activities of α-amylase and α-glucosidase. this was performed using α-amylase from aspergillus or ...201324455701
canola cake as a potential substrate for proteolytic enzymes production by a selected strain of aspergillus oryzae: selection of process conditions and product characterization.oil cakes have excellent nutritional value and offer considerable potential for use in biotechnological processes that employ solid-state fermentation (ssf) for the production of high value products. this work evaluates the feasibility of using canola cake as a substrate for protease production by a selected strain of aspergillus oryzae cultivated under ssf. the influences of the following process parameters were considered: initial substrate moisture content, incubation temperature, inoculum si ...201324455400
cloning and expression of a family 10 xylanase gene (aoxyn10) from aspergillus oryzae in pichia pastoris.a full-length cdna sequence of aoxyn10, a gene encoding a glycoside hydrolase (gh) family 10 xylanase from aspergillus oryzae, was amplified from the total rna by 3' and 5' rapid amplification of cdna ends. the cdna sequence is 1,689 bp, containing 5', 3' untranslated regions and a 1,422 bp open reading frame (orf) that encodes a 21-aa signal peptide and a 452-aa mature peptide (designated aoxyn10). multi-alignment revealed that aoxyn10 contains two regions: a catalytic domain (cd) and a family ...201324492599
increased production of fatty acids and triglycerides in aspergillus oryzae by enhancing expressions of fatty acid synthesis-related genes.microbial production of fats and oils is being developed as a means of converting biomass to biofuels. here we investigate enhancing expression of enzymes involved in the production of fatty acids and triglycerides as a means to increase production of these compounds in aspergillus oryzae. examination of the a. oryzae genome demonstrates that it contains two fatty acid synthases and several other genes that are predicted to be part of this biosynthetic pathway. we enhanced the expression of fatt ...201322733113
jewelry boxes contaminated by aspergillus oryzae: an occupational health risk?in 2009, 100,000 jewelry boxes, manufactured in china, were delivered to a jewelry manufacturer in besançon, france. all the boxes were contaminated by mold. because the workers refused to handle these jewelry boxes, the company contacted our laboratory to determine how to deal with the problem. three choices were available: (1) decontaminate the boxes, (2) return the boxes to the chinese manufacturer, or (3) destroy the entire shipment. based on microscopic identification, the culture analysis ...201222702230
a novel glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored glycoside hydrolase from ustilago esculenta functions in β-1,3-glucan degradation.a glycoside hydrolase responsible for laminarin degradation was partially purified to homogeneity from a ustilago esculenta culture filtrate by weak-cation-exchange, strong-cation-exchange, and size-exclusion chromatography. three proteins in enzymatically active fractions were digested with chymotrypsin followed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (lc/ms/ms) analysis, resulting in the identification of three peptide sequences that shared significant similarity to a putative β-1,3- ...201222685137
transcripts of a heterologous gene encoding mite allergen der f 7 are stabilized by codon optimization in aspergillus oryzae.we have previously demonstrated that transcripts of an at-biased heterologous gene encoding mite allergen der f 7 from dermatophagoides farinae were polyadenylated prematurely within the coding region when native cdna was expressed in aspergillus oryzae, and that this premature polyadenylation was prevented by the codon optimization of the der f 7 gene, resulting in increased steady-state mrna levels. in this study, we tested the stability of transcription products derived from expression constr ...201222644529
efficient heterologous expression and secretion in aspergillus oryzae of a llama variable heavy-chain antibody fragment v(hh) against egfr.we have constructed a filamentous fungus aspergillus oryzae that secretes a llama variable heavy-chain antibody fragment (v(hh)) that binds specifically to epidermal growth factor receptor (egfr) in a culture medium. a major improvement in yield was achieved by fusing the v(hh) with a taka-amylase a signal sequence (staa) and a segment of 28 amino acids from the n-terminal region of rhizopus oryzae lipase (n28). the yields of secreted, immunologically active anti-egfr v(hh) reached 73.8 mg/1 in ...201222644525
comparative proteome analysis of aspergillus oryzae 3.042 and a. oryzae 100-8 strains: towards the production of different soy sauce flavors.aspergillus oryzae plays a central role in soybean fermentation, particularly in its contribution to the flavor of soy sauce. we present a comparative assessment of the intracellular differences between wild-type strain 3.042 and mutant strain a100-8, at the proteome level. 522 different protein spots were identified by maldi-tof ms, with 134 spots being confirmed by maldi-tof ms/ms. of these, 451 were differentially expressed proteins (deps). there was at least a two-fold increase for 288 spots ...201222634401
a heptaketide naphthaldehyde produced by a polyketide synthase from nectria haematococca.bostrycoidin and fusarubin are biologically active fungal polyketides produced by nectria haematococca. this azaanthraquinone and naphthoquinone are thought to be biosynthesized via formation of a c(14) heptaketide aldehyde as a common key intermediate. a blast search against the genome of n. haematococca revealed one candidate gene (nechadraft_101778, nhpks1), which encodes a multi-domain polyketide synthase (pks) with a thiol reductase (tr) domain that would facilitate the reductive release of ...201222633689
gene cloning, purification, and characterization of a novel peptidoglutaminase-asparaginase from aspergillus sojae.glutaminase is an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of l-glutamine to l-glutamate, and it plays an important role in the production of fermented foods by enhancing the umami taste. by using the genome sequence and expressed sequence tag data available for aspergillus oryzae rib40, we cloned a novel glutaminase gene (asgaha) from aspergillus sojae, which was similar to a previously described gene encoding a salt-tolerant, thermostable glutaminase of cryptococcus nodaensis (cngaha). the structu ...201222610430
changes in selected physical property and enzyme activity of rice and barley koji during fermentation and storage.koji are solid-state fermentation products made by inoculating steamed grains with the spores of fungi, particularly aspergillus spp. this research was undertaken to identify the fermentation and storage conditions optimal for the production and maintenance of selected hydrolytic enzymes, such as α-amlyase and protease, in koji. steamed rice and barley were inoculated with 2 × 10 ¹¹ aspergillus oryzae spores per kilogram of grains and fermented for 118 h in a growth chamber at 28 to 32 °c with c ...201222583119
two new steroidal saponins from the biotransformation product of the rhizomes of dioscorea nipponica.two new steroidal saponins, dioscins e (1) and f (2), along with nine known steroidal saponins, were isolated from the biotransformation product of the rhizomes of dioscorea nipponica using aspergillus oryzae. the structures of new compounds were established as 25(r)-spirost-5-en-21β-methyl-3β-ol-3-o-α-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → 4)-β-d-glucopyranoside (1) and (25r)-spirost-5-en-3β-ol-7-one 3-o-α-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → 4)-β-d-glucopyranoside (2) by detailed spectroscopic analyses including 1d and 2d ...201222582713
the evolution of three types of indoleamine 2,3 dioxygenases in fungi with distinct molecular and biochemical characteristics.indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (ido) is a tryptophan-degrading enzyme and known as a mammalian immunosuppressive molecule. in fungi, the primary role of ido is to supply nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (nad(+)) via the kynurenine pathway. we previously reported that the koji-mold, aspergillus oryzae has two ido genes, idoα and idoβ. in the present study, we found that a. oryzae also has the third ido, idoγ. these three-types of idos are widely distributed among the pezizomycotina fungi, although ...201222564706
meju, unsalted soybeans fermented with bacillus subtilis and aspergilus oryzae, potentiates insulinotropic actions and improves hepatic insulin sensitivity in diabetic rats. 201222550941
lect-hepa, a glyco-marker derived from multiple lectins, as a predictor of liver fibrosis in chronic hepatitis c patients.assessment of liver fibrosis in patients with chronic hepatitis c (chc) is critical for predicting disease progression and determining future antiviral therapy. lect-hepa, a new glyco-marker derived from fibrosis-related glyco-alteration of serum alpha 1-acid glycoprotein, was used to differentiate cirrhosis from chronic hepatitis in a single-center study. herein, we aimed to validate this new glyco-marker for estimating liver fibrosis in a multicenter study. overall, 183 chc patients were recru ...201222535703
evaluation of enzyme activity and fiber content of soybean cotyledon fiber and distiller's dried grains with solubles by solid state fermentation.to increase the value of coproducts from corn ethanol fermentation and soybean aqueous processing, distiller's dried grains with solubles (ddgs) and soybean cotyledon fiber were used as the substrates for solid state fermentation (ssf) to improve feed digestibility. aspergillus oryzae, trichoderma reesei, and phanerochaete chrysosporium were chosen as they produce desirable enzymes and are widely used in ssf for feed. the results showed that the cellulase and xylanase activities were significant ...201222528656
kinetic modeling of fructooligosaccharide production using aspergillus oryzae n74.in this study, the kinetic for the bioconversion of sucrose to fructooligosaccharides (fos) by free cells of aspergillus oryzae n74 was modeled. in addition, the effect of immobilized glucose isomerase (igi) on fos production yield was evaluated and considered in the kinetic model. the selected kinetic models were based on a proposed reaction mechanism described by elementary rate equations and modified michaelis-menten kinetic equations. the use of igi allowed to increase the fos production yie ...201222528647
synthesis of β-d-fructofuranosyl-(2→1)-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-α-d-glucopyranoside (n-acetylsucrosamine) using β-fructofuranosidase-containing aspergillus oryzae mycelia as a whole-cell catalyst.using soft granules consisting of celite 535 and dried aspergillus oryzae nbrc100959 mycelia containing β-fructofuranosidase as a whole-cell catalyst, n-acetylsucrosamine [β-d-fructofuranosyl-(2→1)-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-α-d-glucopyranoside] was produced from sucrose and 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-d-glucose by enzymatic transfructosylation. the isolated yield of n-acetylsucrosamine from the reaction mixture was 22.1% (from sucrose). the result of n-terminal amino acid sequence analysis indicated that the ...201222525099
genetic, molecular, and biochemical basis of fungal tropolone biosynthesis.a gene cluster encoding the biosynthesis of the fungal tropolone stipitatic acid was discovered in talaromyces stipitatus (penicillium stipitatum) and investigated by targeted gene knockout. a minimum of three genes are required to form the tropolone nucleus: tropa encodes a nonreducing polyketide synthase which releases 3-methylorcinaldehyde; tropb encodes a fad-dependent monooxygenase which dearomatizes 3-methylorcinaldehyde via hydroxylation at c-3; and tropc encodes a non-heme fe(ii)-depende ...201222508998
modified cre-loxp recombination in aspergillus oryzae by direct introduction of cre recombinase for marker gene rescue.marker rescue is an important molecular technique that enables sequential gene deletions. the cre-loxp recombination system has been used for marker gene rescue in various organisms, including aspergilli. however, this system requires many time-consuming steps, including construction of a cre expression plasmid, introduction of the plasmid, and cre expression in the transformant. to circumvent this laborious process, we investigated a method wherein cre could be directly introduced into aspergil ...201222504800
enhancing the value of nitrogen from rapeseed meal for microbial oil production.rapeseed meal, a major byproduct of biodiesel production, has been used as a low-cost raw material for the production of a generic microbial feedstock through a consolidated bioconversion process. various strategies were tested for the production of a novel fermentation medium, rich in free amino nitrogen (fan): commercial enzymes (ces) (2.7 mg g⁻¹ dry meal), liquid state fungal pre-treatment (lsf) using aspergillus oryzae (4.6 mg g⁻¹), liquid state fungal pre-treatment followed by fungal autoly ...201222500902
effect of a novel phytase on growth performance, apparent metabolizable energy, and the availability of minerals and amino acids in a low-phosphorus corn-soybean meal diet for broilers.the addition of microbial phytase to diets for broiler chickens has been shown to improve the availability of phytate p, total p, some other minerals, and amino acids. in this study, the effect of a novel microbial phytase expressed by synthetic genes in aspergillus oryzae on amino acid and mineral availability was assessed. phytase was incorporated (1,000 and 2,000 u/kg) into low-p corn-soybean meal-based diets for broilers. broilers received the experimental diets for 3 wk, and excreta were co ...201222499869
cloning, expression, and characterization of a cellobiose dehydrogenase from thielavia terrestris induced under cellulose growth conditions.the enzyme cellobiose dehydrogenase (cdh) is of considerable interest, not only for its biotechnological applications, but also its potential biological role in lignocellulosic biomass breakdown. the enzyme catalyzes the oxidation of cellobiose and other cellodextrins, utilizing a variety of one- and two-electron acceptors, although the electron acceptor employed in nature is still unknown. in this study we show that a cdh is present in the secretome of the thermophilic ascomycete thielavia terr ...201222484439
monitoring of the microbial communities involved in the soy sauce manufacturing process by pcr-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis.soy sauce is a traditional seasoning produced through the fermentation of soybeans and wheat using microbes. in this study, the microbial communities involved in the soy sauce manufacturing process were analyzed by pcr-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (pcr-dgge). the bacterial dgge profile indicated that the bacterial microbes in the koji were weissella cibaria (weissella confusa, weissella kimchii, weissella salipiscis, lactobacillus fermentum, lactobacillus plantarum, lactobacillus iner ...201222475947
bioremediation of direct dyes in simulated textile effluents by a paramorphogenic form of aspergillus oryzae.azo dyes are extensively used for coloring textiles, paper, food, leather, drinks, pharmaceutical products, cosmetics and inks. the textile industry consumes the largest amount of azo dyes, and it is estimated that approximately 10-15% of dyes used for coloring textiles may be lost in waste streams. almost all azo dyes are synthetic and resist biodegradation, however, they can readily be reduced by a number of chemical and biological reducing systems. biological treatment has advantages over phy ...201222466598
overexpressing transcriptional regulator in aspergillus oryzae activates a silent biosynthetic pathway to produce a novel polyketide.fungal genomes carry many gene clusters seemingly capable of natural product biosynthesis, yet most clusters remain silent. this places a major constraint on the conventional approach of cloning these genes in more amenable heterologous host for the natural product biosynthesis. one way to overcome this difficulty is to activate the silent gene clusters within the context of the target fungus. here, we successfully activated a silent polyketide biosynthetic gene cluster in aspergillus oryzae by ...201222447538
antimicrobial activity of saponin-rich fraction from camellia oleifera cake and its effect on cell viability of mouse macrophage raw 264.7.as a by-product of oil production, several million tons of camellia oleifera cake is discarded every year in china. the aim of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of a saponin-rich fraction isolated from c. oleifera cake and investigate its effect on the cell viability of raw 264.7, a macrophage-like cell line present in almost all mouse tissues.201222430639
a new zn(ii)(2)cys(6)-type transcription factor bglr regulates β-glucosidase expression in trichoderma reesei.bglr (pi: 52368, beta-glucosidaseregulator) was identified as a new transcription factor that up-regulates expression of specific genes encoding β-glucosidases. based on a comparative genomic analysis to verify snps between trichoderma reesei mutant pc-3-7 and its parent kdg-12, 19 were confirmed. one of the snps was found to cause a missense mutation close to the end of the dna-binding region of bglr that turned out to be a zn(ii)(2)cys(6)-type fungal-specific transcription factor. bglr was fou ...201222425594
amperometric glucose biosensor utilizing fad-dependent glucose dehydrogenase immobilized on nanocomposite electrode.amperometric glucose biosensors utilizing commercially available fad-dependent glucose dehydrogenases from two strains of aspergillus species are described. enzymes were immobilized on nanocomposite electrode consisting of multi-walled carbon nanotubes by entrapment between chitosan layers. unlike the common glucose oxidase based biosensor, the presented biosensors appeared to be o(2)-independent. the optimal amount of enzymes, working potential and ph value of working media of the glucose biose ...201222418262
the influence of inoculum composition on selected bioactive and nutritional parameters of grass pea tempeh obtained by mixed-culture fermentation with rhizopus oligosporus and aspergillus oryzae strains.tempeh is a popular indonesian product obtained from legume seeds by solid-state fermentation with rhizopus sp. the aim of this research was to study the effect of simultaneous mixed-culture fermentation of grass pea seeds on selected parameters of products as compared to traditional tempeh. the inoculum contained different ratios of rhizopus oligosporus and aspergillus oryzae spores. the simultaneous fermentation of grass pea seeds with inoculum consisting of 1.2 × 10(6) r. oligosporus and 0.6  ...201222414936
effect of aspergillus oryzae-challenged germination on soybean isoflavone content and antioxidant activity.application of microbial stress to soybean during germination induces the accumulation of phytoalexins, which have many health benefits. in this study, the effects of stress induced by aspergillus oryzae on the phytochemical composition of germinating soybeans were investigated, and their radical scavenging activity was compared with those of ungerminated (us) and germinated (gs) soybeans. additionally, the antioxidant activity of coumestrol, a soybean phytoalexin, against hydrogen peroxide-indu ...201222409158
extract of fermented brown rice induces apoptosis of human colorectal tumor cells by activating mitochondrial pathway.brown rice fermented with aspergillus oryzae, designated as fbra, is a dietary fiber-rich food, and fully appreciated as one of the prebiotics, which are generally considered to be beneficial to the health of the body, because of stimulating the growth and/or the activity of bacteria in the digestive system. to assess the effectiveness of fbra as a functional food, the direct effect of fbra extract on human colorectal tumor cells was examined. the exposure of hct116 cells to fbra extract reduced ...201222389198
biocatalytic conversion of aloeresin a to aloesin.leaf exudates from aloe species, such as the southern african aloe ferox, are used in traditional medicines for both humans and livestock. this includes aloesin, a skin bleaching product that inhibits the synthesis of melanin. aloesin, (a c-glycoside-5-methylchromone) can be released from aloeresin a, an ester of aloesin, through hydrolysis. the objective of the current study was to identify an enzymatic hydrolysis method for converting aloeresin a to aloesin, resulting in increased concentratio ...201222374229
vector-initiated transitive rna interference in the filamentous fungus aspergillus oryzae.rna interference (rnai), modulates gene expression via cleavage of double-stranded rna (dsrna) by dicer, producing 21-25 nucleotide silence-inducing rnas (sirnas). in association with argonaute containing complexes, these sirnas target sequence-specific degradation of the homologous single-stranded messenger rna. in the majority of eukaryotes, degradation occurs within the boundaries of the dsrna target. in arabidopsis thaliana and caenorhabditis elegans, gene silencing can also take place trans ...201222366516
secretome of aspergillus oryzae in shaoxing rice wine koji.shaoxing rice wine is the most famous and representative chinese rice wine. aspergillus oryzae su16 is used in the manufacture of koji, the shaoxing rice wine starter culture. in the current study, a comprehensive analysis of the secretome profile of a. oryzae su16 in shaoxing rice wine koji was performed for the first time. the proteomic analysis for the identification of the secretory proteins was done using two-dimensional electrophoresis combined with matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionizat ...201222341915
presence and functionality of mating type genes in the supposedly asexual filamentous fungus aspergillus oryzae.the potential for sexual reproduction in aspergillus oryzae was assessed by investigating the presence and functionality of mat genes. previous genome studies had identified a mat1-1 gene in the reference strain rib40. we now report the existence of a complementary mat1-2 gene and the sequencing of an idiomorphic region from a. oryzae strain ao6. this allowed the development of a pcr diagnostic assay, which detected isolates of the mat1-1 and mat1-2 genotypes among 180 strains assayed, including ...201222327593
analysis of the functions of recombination-related genes in the generation of large chromosomal deletions by loop-out recombination in aspergillus oryzae.loop-out-type recombination is a type of intrachromosomal recombination followed by the excision of a chromosomal region. the detailed mechanism underlying this recombination and the genes involved in loop-out recombination remain unknown. in the present study, we investigated the functions of ku70, ligd, rad52, rad54, and rdh54 in the construction of large chromosomal deletions via loop-out recombination and the effect of the position of the targeted chromosomal region on the efficiency of loop ...201222286092
anti-obesity effect of a standardised ethanol extract from curcuma longa l. fermented with aspergillus oryzae in ob/ob mice and primary mouse adipocytes.we examined the anti-obesity effect of fermented curcuma longa l. (turmeric) standardised ethanol extract (fte) in the c57bl/6j ob/ob mouse model. mice were fed a chow diet containing fte (0, 200, or 500 mg kg⁻¹ body weight) for 9 weeks.201222278718
effects of koji fermented phenolic compounds on the oxidative stability of fish miso.in the present study, aspergillus oryzae-inoculated koji inhibited lipid oxidation in fermented fish paste rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids following a long fermentation period. the fermentation of koji by a. oryzae liberated several bioactive phenolic compounds, including kojic acid and ferulic acid, which were the most abundant. a linear correlation between several phenolic compounds and their bioactive properties, including their radical-scavenging activity, reducing power, metal-chelating ...201222251370
comparative chemistry of aspergillus oryzae (rib40) and a. flavus (nrrl 3357).aspergillus oryzae and a. flavus are important species in industrial biotechnology and food safety and have been some of the first aspergilli to be fully genome sequenced. bioinformatic analysis has revealed 99.5% gene homology between the two species pointing towards a large coherence in the secondary metabolite production. in this study we report on the first comparison of secondary metabolite production between the full genome sequenced strains of a. oryzae (rib40) and a. flavus (nrrl 3357). ...201224957367
kinetics of improved 1,4-alpha-d-glucan glucohydrolase biosynthesis from a newly isolated aspergillus oryzae iib-6 and parameter significance analysis by 2-factorial design.sixteen different mould cultures viz. aspergillus, alternaria, arthroderma, trichoderma, fusarium, penicillium, rhizopus and chochliobolus were isolated from the soil samples of qatar by serial dilution method. the preliminary screening of isolates was done by selecting initial colonies showing relatively bigger zones of starch hydrolysis on nutrient agar plates. the isolates were then subjected to secondary screening by submerged fermentation (smf). the 1,4-α-d-glucan glucohydrolase (ggh) activ ...201223961361
enzymatic characteristics of a recombinant neutral protease i (rnpi) from aspergillus oryzae expressed in pichia pastoris.a truncated neutral protease i (npi) from aspergillus oryzae 3.042 was expressed in pichia pastoris with a high enzyme yield of 43101 u/ml. its optimum ph was about 8.0, and it was stable in the ph range of 5.0-9.0. its optimum temperature was about 55 °c and retained >90% activity at 50 °c for 120 min. recombinant npi (rnpi) was inhibited by cu(2+) and edta. eight cleavage sites of rnpi in oxidized insulin b-chain were determined by mass spectrometry, and five of them had high hydrophobic amino ...201223136814
isolation and characterization of the mhea (most highly expressed) gene of aspergillus oryzae.the amino acid sequence of the mhea gene of aspergillus oryzae encodes a putative metallothionein-like protein 1. the size of the mhea transcript was 497 nt and the mhea promoter was induced by glucose, consistent with results of analysis by northern hybridization and with the pdca promoter, respectively.201223115516
hyphal heterogeneity in aspergillus oryzae is the result of dynamic closure of septa by woronin bodies.hyphae of higher fungi are compartmentalized by septa. these septa contain a central pore that allows for inter-compartmental and inter-hyphal cytoplasmic streaming. the cytoplasm within the mycelium is therefore considered to be a continuous system. in this study, however, we demonstrate by laser dissection that 40% of the apical septa of exploring hyphae of aspergillus oryzae are closed. closure of septa correlated with the presence of a peroxisome-derived organelle, known as woronin body, nea ...201223106143
serine-type carboxypeptidase kexa of aspergillus oryzae has broader substrate specificity than saccharomyces cerevisiae kex1 and is required for normal hyphal growth and conidiation.aspergillus oryzae has an ortholog of saccharomyces cerevisiae kex1, termed kexa. a truncated form of kexa protein showed serine-type carboxypeptidase activity and somewhat broader substrate specificity than kex1 protease. furthermore, our results indicated that kexa is required for normal growth of a. oryzae and that it might be involved in hyphal branching.201222961905
production of polygalacturonases by aspergillus oryzae in stirred tank and internal- and external-loop airlift reactors.the production of endo- and exo-polygalacturonase (pg) by aspergillus oryzae was assessed in stirred tank reactors (strs), internal-loop airlift reactors (ilars) and external-loop airlift reactors (elars). for str production, we compared culture media formulated with either pectin (wbe) or partially hydrolyzed pectin. the highest enzyme activities were obtained in medium that contained 50% pectin in hydrolyzed form (wbe5). pg production in the three reactor types was compared for wbe5 and low sa ...201222940313
kinetic analysis, expression pattern, and production of a recombinant fungal protease inhibitor of tasar silkworm antheraea mylitta.antheraea mylitta, a tasar silk-producing insect of saturniidae family, expresses a fungal protease inhibitor named as a. mylitta fungal protease inhibitor-1 (amfpi-1). amfpi-1 inhibits alkaline protease of aspergillus oryzae but its mechanism of action is not known. to understand the mode of inhibition of amfpi-1 against the fungal protease, it was purified from the hemolymph of a. mylitta larvae and inhibitory activity against a. oryzae protease was studied. kinetic analysis of purified amfpi- ...201222935928
draft genome sequence of aspergillus oryzae strain 3.042.aspergillus oryzae is the most important fungus for the traditional fermentation in china and is particularly important in soy sauce fermentation. we report the 36,547,279-bp draft genome sequence of a. oryzae 3.042 and compared it to the published genome sequence of a. oryzae rib40.201222933657
a toolkit for heterologous expression of metabolic pathways in aspergillus oryzae.much has been learned about the activities of the key enzymes involved in eukaryotic natural product synthesis by isolating the relevant genes and expressing them in a suitable foreign host. aspergillus oryzae has proved to be an amenable host for the functional analysis of megasynthases from other fungi, but secondary metabolites are often the products of suites of enzymes, and understanding their biosynthesis requires simultaneous expression of several genes. this chapter describes the develop ...201223084942
reconstitution of a secondary metabolite biosynthetic pathway in a heterologous fungal host.expression of multiple genes involved in a particular metabolic pathway in a heterologous host facilitates the study of fungal secondary metabolite biosynthesis and production of useful compounds. two plasmids with different selection markers, argb and the pyrithiamine resistance marker, are used to transform aspergillus oryzae allowing for expression of up to three genes simultaneously.201223065616
manr, a novel zn(ii)2cys6 transcriptional activator, controls the β-mannan utilization system in aspergillus oryzae.fungal endo-β-mannanases (β-mannanases) are widely used as industrial enzymes; however, no transcriptional regulator of β-mannanases has been identified in fungi or other eukaryotic cells to date. to identify a transcriptional regulator of β-mannanases in aspergillus oryzae, a gene-disruptant library of transcriptional regulators was screened for mutants exhibiting reduced β-mannanase activity by using konjac glucomannan as the substrate, and manr, a zn(ii)(2)cys(6) type dna binding protein was ...201223063954
identification of a gene involved in the synthesis of a dipeptidyl peptidase iv inhibitor in aspergillus oryzae.wyk-1 is a dipeptidyl peptidase iv inhibitor produced by aspergillus oryzae strain ao-1. because wyk-1 is an isoquinoline derivative consisting of three l-amino acids, we hypothesized that a nonribosomal peptide synthetase was involved in its biosynthesis. we identified 28 nonribosomal peptide synthetase genes in the sequenced genome of a. oryzae rib40. these genes were also identified in ao-1. among them, ao090001000009 (wykn) was specifically expressed under wyk-1-producing conditions in ao-1. ...201222843525
removal of off-flavors from sea tangle (laminaria japonica) extract by fermentation with aspergillus oryzae.this study was conducted to reduce off-flavors from sea tangle (laminaria japonica) extract since the typical odor of seaweed is an impediment to consumption of seaweed products. fifty-six odor compounds emitted from the extract were identified using a thermal desorbor and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. on the basis of expected odor intensity (eoi), isovaleric acid (41.2%), allyl isothiocyanate (22.6%), octanal (11.1%) and acetaldehyde (10.6%) were responsible for about 85.5% of total odo ...201222840201
comparison of expression and enzymatic properties of aspergillus oryzae lysine aminopeptidases apsa and apsb.the apsa and apsb genes encoding family m1 aminopeptidases were identified in the industrial fungus aspergillus oryzae. the apsb was transcriptionally up-regulated up to 2.5-fold in response to the deprivation of nitrogen or carbon sources in growth media, while up-regulation of apsa was less significant. the encoded proteins were bacterially expressed and purified to characterize their enzymatic properties. apsa and apsb were optimally active at ph 7.0 and 35 °c and stable at ph ranges of 6-10 ...201222806190
solid-state fermentation of soybean and corn processing coproducts for potential feed improvement.two agro-industrial coproducts, soybean cotyledon fiber and distiller's dried grains with solubles (ddgs), were used as substrates to evaluate the effect of coculturing three different fungi, aspergillus oryzae, trichoderma reesei, and phanerochaete chrysosporium, on enzyme production by solid-state fermentation (ssf). when soybean fiber was used as the substrate, a maximum xylanase activity of 757.4 iu/g and a cellulase activity of 3.2 iu/g were achieved with the inoculation and incubation of t ...201222799754
the evolutionary imprint of domestication on genome variation and function of the filamentous fungus aspergillus oryzae.the domestication of animals, plants, and microbes fundamentally transformed the lifestyle and demography of the human species [1]. although the genetic and functional underpinnings of animal and plant domestication are well understood, little is known about microbe domestication [2-6]. here, we systematically examined genome-wide sequence and functional variation between the domesticated fungus aspergillus oryzae, whose saccharification abilities humans have harnessed for thousands of years to ...201222795693
cloning and expression of the aspergillus oryzae glucan 1,3-beta-glucosidase a (exga) in pichia pastoris.the glucan 1,3-beta-glucosidase a gene (exga) from aspergillus oryzae and fused to the saccharomyces cerevisiae signal peptide (α-factor) was expressed under the control of either a constitutive (gap) or an inducible (aox1) promoter in pichia pastoris. a 1.4-fold higher extracellular enzyme activity (2 u/ml) was obtained using the aox1 inducible expression system than with the gap constitutive promoter (1.4 u/ml). the purified recombinant exga enzyme, with a yield of 10 mg protein/l culture supe ...201222782265
population-based study reveals new risk-stratification biomarker panel for barrett's esophagus.the risk of progression of barrett's esophagus (be) to esophageal adenocarcinoma (eac) is low and difficult to calculate. accurate tools to determine risk are needed to optimize surveillance and intervention. we assessed the ability of candidate biomarkers to predict which cases of be will progress to eac or high-grade dysplasia and identified those that can be measured in formalin-fixed tissues.201222771507
improved heterologous protein production by a tripeptidyl peptidase gene (aosedd) disruptant of the filamentous fungus aspergillus oryzae.proteolytic degradation is one of the serious bottlenecks limiting the yields of heterologous protein production by aspergillus oryzae. in this study, we selected a tripeptidyl peptidase gene aosedd (ao090166000084) as a candidate potentially degrading the heterologous protein, and performed localization analysis of the fusion protein aosedd-egfp in a. oryzae. as a result, the aosedd-egfp was observed in the septa and cell walls as well as in the culture medium, suggesting that aosedd is a secre ...201222878738
contribution ratios of amya, amyb, amyc genes to high-level α-amylase expression in aspergillus oryzae.aspergillus oryzae strains express α-amylases abundantly, and the genome reference strain rib40 has three α-amylase genes (amya, amyb, and amyc). however, there is no information on the contribution ratios of individual α-amylase genes to total expression. in this study, we generated single, double, and triple disruptants of α-amylase genes by employing a strain (δligd) with high gene-targeting efficiency and pyrg marker recycling in a. oryzae. all the disruptants showed reduced activities of α- ...201222878189
degradation of terbuthylazine, difenoconazole and pendimethalin pesticides by selected fungi cultures.contamination of waters by xenobiotic compounds such as pesticides presents a serious environmental problem with substantial levels of pesticides now contaminating european water resources. the aim of this work was to evaluate the ability of the fungi fusarium oxysporum, aspergillus oryzae, lentinula edodes, penicillium brevicompactum and lecanicillium saksenae, for the biodegradation of the pesticides terbuthylazine, difenoconazole and pendimethalin in batch liquid cultures. these pesticides ar ...201222878100
isolation and identification of two novel umami and umami-enhancing peptides from peanut hydrolysate by consecutive chromatography and maldi-tof/tof ms.peanut hydrolysate produced by crude protease extract from aspergillus oryzae hn 3.042 was found to elicit intense umami and umami-enhancing effect. taste profiles, amino acid and organic acid composition of peanut hydrolysate and its separation fractions by ultrafiltration were evaluated. the results revealed that peanut hydrolysate was mainly low molecular weight compounds. fractions of 1-3 kda and below 1 kda prominently contributed to the umami taste and umami-enhancing effect of the peanut ...201222868117
common and distant structural characteristics of feruloyl esterase families from aspergillus oryzae.feruloyl esterases (faes) are important biomass degrading accessory enzymes due to their capability of cleaving the ester links between hemicellulose and pectin to aromatic compounds of lignin, thus enhancing the accessibility of plant tissues to cellulolytic and hemicellulolytic enzymes. faes have gained increased attention in the area of biocatalytic transformations for the synthesis of value added compounds with medicinal and nutritional applications. following the increasing attention on the ...201222745763
metabolomics-based optimal koji fermentation for tyrosinase inhibition supplemented with astragalus radix.the present study was focused on improving the quality of rice koji by fermentation with a selected aspergillus oryzae strain and a plant astragalus radix. a. oryzae kccm 60345 was used as main inoculant and the astragalus radix was added as supplement in rice koji preparation. lc-ms based metabolite analysis and tyrosinase inhibitory activities were studied for different time periods. a. oryzae kccm 60345 fermented rice koji supplemented with astragalus showed higher tyrosinase inhibition activ ...201222738950
functional analysis of fara transcription factor in the regulation of the genes encoding lipolytic enzymes and hydrophobic surface binding protein for the degradation of biodegradable plastics in aspergillus oryzae.fara is a zn(ii)(2)cys(6) transcription factor which upregulates genes required for growth on fatty acids in filamentous fungi like aspergillus nidulans. fara is also highly similar to the cutinase transcription factor ctf1α of fusarium solani which binds to the cutinase gene promoter in this plant pathogen. this study determines whether fara transcriptional factor also works in the regulation of genes responsible for the production of cutinase for the degradation of a biodegradable plastic, pol ...201222280964
comparative genome analysis between aspergillus oryzae strains reveals close relationship between sites of mutation localization and regions of highly divergent genes among aspergillus species.aspergillus oryzae has been utilized for over 1000 years in japan for the production of various traditional foods, and a large number of a. oryzae strains have been isolated and/or selected for the effective fermentation of food ingredients. characteristics of genetic alterations among the strains used are of particular interest in studies of a. oryzae. here, we have sequenced the whole genome of an industrial fungal isolate, a. oryzae rib326, by using a next-generation sequencing system and com ...201222912434
evaluation of multiplexed pcr and liquid-phase array for identification of respiratory fungal pathogens.invasive fungal infections are the cause of serious morbidity and high mortality in immunocompromised patients. early laboratory diagnostic options remain limited; however, rapid detection and accurate identification may improve outcome. herein, multiplexed pcr followed by liquid-phase array was evaluated for detection and identification of common respiratory fungal pathogens, including aspergillus fumigatus, rhizopus microsporus, scedosporium apiospermum and fusarium solani. the limit of detect ...201222435876
gliotoxin effects on fungal growth: mechanisms and exploitation.although initially investigated for its antifungal properties, little is actually known about the effect of gliotoxin on aspergillus fumigatus and other fungi. we have observed that exposure of a. fumigatus to exogenous gliotoxin (14 μg/ml), under gliotoxin-limited growth conditions, results in significant alteration of the expression of 27 proteins (up- and down-regulated >1.9-fold; p<0.05) including de novo expression of cu, zn superoxide dismutase, up-regulated allergen asp f3 expression and ...201222405895
the hydrolysis of agro-industrial residues by holocellulose-degrading enzymes.holocellulose structures from agro-industrial residues rely on main and side chain attacking enzymes with different specificities for complete hydrolysis. combinations of crude enzymatic extracts from different fungal species, including aspergillus terreus, aspergillus oryzae, aspergillus niger and trichoderma longibrachiatum, were applied to sugar cane bagasse, banana stem and dirty cotton residue to investigate the hydrolysis of holocellulose structures. a. terreus and a. oryzae were the best ...201224031857
bismuth-inhibitory effects on bacteria and stimulation of fungal growth in vitro.bismuth salicylate was found to inhibit the growth of a range of bacteria and yeast, "candida albicans". in general the growth of bacteria did not result in increase in bismuth solubilisation, in contrast, bismuth solubilisation increased following the growth of c. albicans. a significant increase in the biomass (dry weight) of aspergillus niger and aspergillus oryzae occurred in vitro when these fungi were grown in the presence of bismuth salicylate. biomass increase occurred over a range of bi ...201223961173
[effect of n-terminal disulfide bridge on thermostability of family 11 xylanases].a mesophilic xylanase from aspergillus oryzae, abbreviated to aoxyn11a, belongs to glycoside hydrolase family 11. using aoxyn11a as the parent, the thermotolerant hybrid xylanase, we constructed aex11a by substituting its n-terminus with the corresponding region of a hyperthermostable family 11 xylanase, evxyn11(ts). aoxyn11a- and aex11a-encoding genes were expressed in pichia pastoris gs115 separately, and effects of temperatures on expressed products were determined and compared. the optimum t ...201223593868
optimisation of synthesis of oligosaccharides derived from lactulose (fructosyl-galacto-oligosaccharides) with β-galactosidases of different origin.batch synthesis of fructosyl-galacto-oligosaccharides from lactulose was performed with commercial β-galactosidase preparations from aspergillus oryzae, kluyveromyces lactis and bacillus circulans. the enzyme from a. oryzae produced the highest yield and specific productivity of synthesis, being selected for further studies. optimization of fructosyl-galacto-oligosaccharides synthesis was carried out using response surface methodology, considering temperature and initial sugar concentration as v ...201223497880
the effects of supplementation of a novel bacterial 6-phytase on mineral digestibility and plasma minerals in lactating sows.pigs digest p in plant feedstuffs poorly because pigs do not produce sufficient endogenous phytase to hydrolyze p from phytate (inositol hexaphosphate). supplementation of phytase to diets of piglets and grower-finisher pigs increased digestibility of minerals including p and ca; however, data on phytase efficacy in lactating sows are scarce. therefore, effects of adding a bacterial 6-phytase expressed in a strain of aspergillus oryzae (ronozyme hiphos; dsm nutritional products, basel, switzerla ...201223365301
the supplementation of low-p diets with microbial 6-phytase expressed in aspergillus oryzae improves p digestibility in sows.two trials were conducted to evaluate a novel microbial 6-phytase expressed in aspergillus oryzae (ronozyme hiphos; dsm nutritional products, basel, switzerland) in gestating and lactating sows. in the first trial, 24 sows (duroc × landrace; 223 kg bw) were offered, at 16 d of gestation, a low-p control diet (formulated to provide 4.0 g total p/kg; 1.5 g digestible p/kg) supplemented with 0, 500, or 1000 phytase activity (fyt)/kg of phytase. two weeks later, fresh feces were sampled from all sow ...201223365297
the supplementation of low-p diets with microbial 6-phytase expressed in aspergillus oryzae increases p and ca digestibility in growing pigs.a trial was conducted to evaluate the dose response of a novel microbial 6-phytase expressed in aspergillus oryzae (ronozyme hiphos; dsm nutritional products, basel, switzerland) in pigs. forty-eight individually housed pigs (landrace × pietrain; 52 kg bw; 24 males and 24 females) were distributed among 6 experimental treatments consisting of a low-p diet (3.5 g p/kg; 1.1 g digestible p/kg), which was supplemented with 500, 1000, 2000, or 4000 units of phytase activity/kg, and a standard-p diet ...201223365288
synthetic dye decolorization by three sources of fungal laccase.decolorization of six synthetic dyes using three sources of fungal laccase with the origin of aspergillus oryzae, trametes versicolor, and paraconiothyrium variabile was investigated. among them, the enzyme from p. variabile was the most efficient which decolorized bromophenol blue (100%), commassie brilliant blue (91%), panseu-s (56%), rimazol brilliant blue r (rbbr; 47%), congo red (18.5%), and methylene blue (21.3%) after 3 h incubation in presence of hydroxybenzotriazole (hbt; 5 mm) as the l ...201223369690
enzymatic synthesis of 2-aminoethyl β-d-galactopyranoside catalyzed by aspergillus oryzae β-galactosidase.glycosidases provide a powerful resource for in vitro synthesis of novel anomerically pure glycosides. generation of new low molecular weight galactosides is of interest since they are potential galectin inhibitors. galectins are molecular targets for cancer therapy and thus their inhibitors are potential antitumor agents. here we report the enzymatic synthesis and structural characterization of 2-aminoethyl β-d-galactopyranoside. critical parameters for transgalactosylation using either soluble ...201223357285
a straightforward access to tmg-chitooligomycins and their evaluation as β-n-acetylhexosaminidase inhibitors.a chemo-biotechnological approach is reported for the synthesis of tmg-chitooligomycins, co-n (nme(3)). their abilities to inhibit β-n-acetylhexosaminidases (hexnacases), from aspergillus oryzae (aohex, fungi), canavalia ensiformis (cehex, plant) hexnacases and a chitobiase from serratia marcescens (smchb, bacteria) were studied and compared with their precursors co-n (n). co-n (nme(3)) were revealed as potent inhibitors for aohex and smchb with a proved chain length effect while co-n (n) was a ...201223333949
identification of csypyrone b2 and b3 as the minor products of aspergillus oryzae type iii polyketide synthase csyb.since our first report on the identification of the fungal type iii polyketide synthase (pks) genes csya~d in aspergillus oryzae rib40, type iii pks homologues have also been found in other fungal species. we previously reported the isolation and structural determination of csypyrone b1 as the main product of csyb when inductively expressed in aspergillus oryzae. herein we report the isolation and identification of the two minor products of the csyb transformant in addition to csypyrone b1 as 4- ...201223290452
lethal and mutagenic effects of ion beams and γ-rays in aspergillus oryzae.aspergillus oryzae is a fungus that is used widely in traditional japanese fermentation industries. in this study, the lethal and mutagenic effects of different linear energy transfer (let) radiation in freeze-dried conidia of a. oryzae were investigated. the lethal effect, which was evaluated by a 90% lethal dose, was dependent on the let value of the ionizing radiation. the most lethal ionizing radiation among that tested was (12)c(5+) ion beams with an let of 121kev/μm. the (12)c(5+) ion beam ...201223280012
in vitro antifungal activity of dehydrozingerone and its fungitoxic properties.the efficacy of dehydrozingerone (dz; dehydroderivative of zingerone) as an antifungal agent and its mode of action against food spoilage fungal pathogens was studied and presented. dz is a constituent of ginger (zingiber officinale rhizomes) and structural half analogue of curcumin. its efficacy against aspergillus oryzae, aspergillus flavus, aspergillus niger, aspergillus ochraceus, fusarium oxysporum and penicillium chrysogenum was evaluated. effect of dz on the growth and sporulation of a. o ...201223278709
assessing the genome-wide effect of promoter region tandem repeat natural variation on gene expression.copy number polymorphisms of nucleotide tandem repeat (tr) regions, such as microsatellites and minisatellites, are mutationally reversible and highly abundant in eukaryotic genomes. studies linking tr polymorphism to phenotypic variation have led some to suggest that tr variation modulates and majorly contributes to phenotypic variation; however, studies in which the authors assess the genome-wide impact of tr variation on phenotype are lacking. to address this question, we quantified relations ...201223275886
an integrative process model of enzymatic biodiesel production through ethanol fermentation of brown rice followed by lipase-catalyzed ethanolysis in a water-containing system.we attempted to integrate lipase-catalyzed ethanolysis into fermentative bioethanol production. to produce bioethanol, ethanol fermentation from brown rice was conducted using a tetraploid saccharomyces cerevisiae expressing α-amylase and glucoamylase. the resultant ethanol was distilled and separated into three fractions with different concentrations of water and fusel alcohols. in ethanolysis using the first fraction with 89.3% ethanol, a recombinant aspergillus oryzae whole-cell biocatalyst e ...201223273281
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