Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| ethanol formation and enzyme activities around glucose-6-phosphate in kluyveromyces marxianus cbs 6556 exposed to glucose or lactose excess. | the aim of this work was to investigate the physiology of kluyveromyces marxianus cbs 6556 in terms of its low tendency to form ethanol under exposure to sugar excess, and the split of carbon flux which takes place at the level of glucose-6-phosphate. measurements were performed in batch cultivations, and after a glucose or a lactose pulse applied to chemostat-grown respiring cells (with a dilution rate of 0.1 h(-1)). no ethanol formation was observed in batch cultivations or during pulse experi ... | 2004 | 15093772 |
| differential effects of the combination of caspofungin and terbinafine against candida albicans, candida dubliniensis and candida kefyr. | the activity of caspofungin (csp) combined with terbinafine (trb) against candida dubliniensis, candida kefyr and azole-resistant candida albicans was evaluated in vitro by checkerboard analysis. the combination of csp with trb resulted in positive interactive effects in vitro against c. albicans and c. kefyr but not against c. dubliniensis. moreover, true synergism was observed only against trb resistant strains which became susceptible to this drug in the presence of csp. in contrast, indiffer ... | 2004 | 15120736 |
| polygalacturonase and ethanol production in kluyveromyces marxianus: potential use of polygalacturonase in foodstuffs. | the coproduction of ethanol and polygalacturonase (pg) in a pilot-scale batch fermentor using yeast extract--glucose (yd)--and sugar beet molasses (sbm)-based media was implemented utilizing a new high-pg-producing strain of kluyveromyces marxianus. a certain growth inhibition was observed in sbm medium, causing ethanol and pg production to be lower. ethanol productivity and accumulation values of 1.94 g/(l x h) and 40 g/l, respectively, were attained in yd, whereas the best fermentation efficie ... | 2004 | 15126703 |
| influence of carbon and nitrogen sources and temperature on hyperproduction of a thermotolerant beta-glucosidase from synthetic medium by kluyveromyces marxianus. | the effect of carbon source and its concentration, inoculum size, yeast extract concentration, nitrogen source, ph of the fermentation medium, and fermentation temperature on beta-glucosidase production by kluyveromyces marxianus in shake-flask culture was investigated. these were the independent variables that directly regulated the specific growth and beta-glucosidase production rate. the highest product yield, specific product yield, and productivity of beta-glucosidase occurred in the medium ... | 2004 | 15159552 |
| yeast involved in fermentation of coffea arabica in east africa determined by genotyping and by direct denaturating gradient gel electrophoresis. | samples of coffea arabica were collected during the different stages of the fermentation from two production sites in tanzania. the yeasts community was identified by genotyping using its-pcr and sequence analysis of the d1/d2 domain of the 26s rrna gene. for confirmation, denaturating gradient gel electrophoresis (dgge) of pcr-amplified 26s rrna gene was performed to detect yeast directly from coffee samples without cultivation. yeast counts were in the range 4.0 x 10(4) - 5.0 x 10(7) cfu/g wit ... | 2004 | 15164358 |
| effect of binary combinations of selected toxic compounds on growth and fermentation of kluyveromyces marxianus. | the inhibitory effects of various lignocellulose degradation products on glucose fermentation by the thermotolerant yeast kluyveromyces marxianus were studied in batch cultures. the toxicity of the aromatic alcohol catechol and two aromatic aldehydes (4-hydroxybenzaldehyde and vanillin) was investigated in binary combinations. the aldehyde furfural that usually is present in relatively high concentration in hydrolyzates from pentose degradation was also tested. experiments were conducted by comb ... | 2004 | 15176873 |
| purification and characterization of a lysine aminopeptidase from kluyveromyces marxianus. | a lysine aminopeptidase was purified from the yeast kluyveromyces marxianus. this enzyme was purified 100-fold from a soluble extract obtained at 100,000g. the purification procedure consisted in fractionated precipitation with ammonium sulfate and five chromatography steps. the native enzyme had a molecular mass of 46 kda assessed through gel filtration. this aminopeptidase depicted an optimal ph of 7.0 and was stable at a ph range of 4-8, its optimal temperature was 45 degrees c and the enzyme ... | 2004 | 15183887 |
| kinetics of improved productivity of beta-galactosidase by a cycloheximide-resistant mutant of kluyveromyces marxianus. | the maximum volumetric productivity of beta-galactosidase by a kluyveromyces marxianus mutant, grown on lactose/corn steep liquor medium for 3 d, was 150 iu l(-1) h(-1) which is twice that of the parent organism. during product formation, mutated cells provided more resistance against thermal inactivation. | 2004 | 15195975 |
| [activity of the key enzymes in xylose-assimilating yeasts at different rates of oxygen transfer to the fermentation medium]. | the activities of xylitol dehydrogenase and xylose reductase in the yeasts candida shehatae, c. didensiae, c. intermediae, c. tropicalis, kluyveromyces marxianus, pichia stipitis, p. guillermondii, pachysolen tannophilus, and torulopsis molishiama were studied at different oxygen transfer rates (otrs) to the fermentation medium (0, 5, and 140 mmol o2/(1 h)). the activities of these enzymes were maximum in the yeasts p. stipitis and c. shehatae. the xylitol dehydrogenase of all the yeasts was nad ... | 2004 | 15198025 |
| potent hypocholesterolemic activity of the yeast kluyveromyces marxianus yit 8292 in rats fed a high cholesterol diet. | the hypocholesterolemic activities of 81 yeast strains were examined in rats fed a high cholesterol diet (hcd). male wistar rats were fed an hcd or an hcd supplemented with 10% yeast for 7 d. it was found that the hypocholesterolemic activities of the yeasts varied remarkably between strains. kluyveromyces marxianus yit 8292 exhibited the most potent hypocholesterolemic activity among the yeasts that were tested. k. marxianus yit 8292 significantly decreased not only plasma total cholesterol but ... | 2004 | 15215579 |
| use of zymomonas mobilis and saccharomyces cerevisiae mixed with kluyveromyces fragilis for improved ethanol production from jerusalem artichoke tubers. | jerusalem artichoke mashed tubers were fermented using single yeasts and a bacterium as well as mixed culture of microorganisms. kluyveromyces fragilis, a yeast with an active inulinase, was used together with either a commercial distillery yeast, saccharomyces cerevisiae, or the bacterium zymomonas mobilis. after batch fermentation the best ethanol concentration of 0.48 g g(-1) for the mixed population and 0.46 g g(-1) for the single population can be obtained. the theoretical yield of the mixe ... | 2004 | 15269559 |
| udp-galactose 4-epimerase from kluyveromyces fragilis: analysis of its hysteretic behavior during catalysis. | udp-galactose 4-epimerase serves as a prototype model of class ii oxidoreductases that use bound nad as a cofactor. this enzyme from kluyveromyces fragilis is a homodimer with a molecular mass of 75 kda/subunit. continuous monitoring of the conversion of udp-galactose (udp-gal) to udp-glucose (udp-glu) by the epimerase in the presence of the coupling enzyme udp-glucose dehydrogenase and nad shows a kinetic lag of up to 80 s before a steady state is reached. the disappearance of the lag follows f ... | 2004 | 15287749 |
| the color of brevibacterium linens depends on the yeast used for cheese deacidification. | the color of smear cheeses (muenster) is traditionally thought to be due to the bacterial flora, e.g., brevibacterium linens. this study was carried out to evaluate indirect effects of yeast on the color of b. linens. a 60% cheese medium was desacidified with debaryomyces hansenii or kluyveromyces marxianus until ph 5.8 was reached. after inactivation of the yeast and addition of agar-nacl, b. linens was inoculated on the medium surface and incubated at 12 degrees c from d 2 to 28. for each bact ... | 2004 | 15291003 |
| comparison of volatile compounds produced in model cheese medium deacidified by debaryomyces hansenii or kluyveromyces marxianus. | the aroma of a deacidified cheese medium is the result of the overall perception of a large number of molecules belonging to different classes. the volatile compound composition of (60%) cheese medium (ph 5.8) deacidified by debaryomyces hansenii (dcm(dh)) was compared with the one deacidified by kluyveromyces marxianus (dcm(km)). it was determined by dynamic headspace extraction, followed by gas chromatography separation and quantification as well as by mass spectrometry identification. whateve ... | 2004 | 15291004 |
| candida kefyr, an uncommon but emerging fungal pathogen: report of two cases. | although candida species are present as normal microflora of the human host, alterations in host defenses can lead to development of disease. candida infections, ranging from urinary tract infections to bloodstream infections, are common in patients in the intensive care unit. infections with non-albicans candida sp are becoming more frequent, and resistance among these isolates is concerning. candida kefyr is an uncommonly documented fungal pathogen. we report two cases of infection resulting f ... | 2004 | 15338856 |
| the distribution frequency of candida species in the genitourinary tract among symptomatic individuals in nigerian cities. | a clinical survey was carried out in seven cities in the southern part of nigeria to determine the relative distribution of genitourinary candida species in symptomatic patients reporting for diagnosis and treatment. seven candida species were identified using the chromagar candida method and the api 20c system. candida species were represented by candida glabrata (33.7%), candida albicans (20.1%), candida tropicalis (18%), candida guilliermondii (17.8%) candida pseudotropicalis (5%), candida pa ... | 2003 | 15456373 |
| evaluation of kluyveromyces marxianus fii 510700 grown on a lactose-based medium as a source of a natural bioemulsifier. | mannoprotein with emulsification properties was extracted from the cell walls of kluyveromyces marxianus grown on a lactose-based medium by autoclaving cells in a citrate buffer at ph 7. the purified product was evaluated for chemical and physical stability to establish its potential use as a natural emulsifier in processed foods. the yield of purified bioemulsifier from this strain of k. marxianus was 4-7% of the original dry cell weight. the purified product, at a concentration of 12 g l(-1), ... | 2003 | 14689315 |
| production of a thermostable extracellular lipase by kluyveromyces marxianus. | kluyveromyces marxianus was grown in submerged culture in a complex medium with several potential inducers of lipolytic activity (triacylglycerols, fatty acids). the highest extracellular lipolytic enzyme production (about 80 u ml(-1) in 3 d) was obtained when the medium was supplemented with 2 g urea l(-1) plus 5 g tributyrin l(-1). addition of surfactants (1 g l(-1)) did not improve production. the lipase had a high thermal stability in aqueous solution (73% residual activity after 9 d at 50 d ... | 2003 | 14514040 |
| acquisition of flocculation phenotype by kluyveromyces marxianus when overexpressing gap1 gene encoding an isoform of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase. | the use of flocculating yeast strains has been considered as a convenient approach to obtain high cell densities in bioreactors with increasing productivity in continuous operations. in kluyveromyces marxianus attc 10022, the gap1 gene encodes an isoform of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase-p37-that is accumulated in the cell wall and is involved in flocculation. to test the use of p37 as a tool for engineering kluyveromyces cells to display a flocculation phenotype, k. marxianus cct 3172 ... | 2003 | 14529965 |
| molecular cloning and characterization of an nadph quinone oxidoreductase from kluyveromyces marxianus. | nad(p)h quinone oxidoreductase is a ubiquitous enzyme that is known to directly reduce quinone substrates to hydroquinones by a two-electron reaction. we report the identification of nadph quinone oxidoreductase from kluyveromyces marxianus (kmqor), which reduces quinone substrates directly to hydroquinones. the kmqor gene was sequenced, expressed in escherichia coli, purified, and characterized. the open-reading frame of the kmqor gene consists of 1143 nucleotides, encoding a 380 amino acid pol ... | 2003 | 14536026 |
| candidemia and the susceptibility pattern of candida isolates in blood. | candida species has become one of the most common blood isolates as well as one of the leading causes of nosocomial bloodstream infections. the purpose of our study was to determine the prevalence of candida species among our bloodstream infecting organisms and the susceptibility pattern of the candida isolates to antifungal agents. | 2003 | 14578968 |
| growth and beta-galactosidase activity in cultures of kluyveromyces marxianus under increased air pressure. | to investigate the effect of total air pressure raise on cell growth and intracellular beta-galactosidase activity in batch cultures of kluyveromyces marxianus cbs 7894. | 2003 | 14633095 |
| effect of lead acetate on the in vitro engulfment and killing capability of toad (bufo arenarum) neutrophils. | lead is an element of risk for the environment and human health and has harmful effects that may exceed those of other inorganic toxicants. the immune system is one of the targets of lead. its immunomodulatory actions depend on the level of exposure, and it has been demonstrated that environmental amounts of the metal alter immune function. very little information is available regarding the effect of the metal on different aspects of the immune system of lower vertebrates, in particular of amphi ... | 2003 | 14659456 |
| influence of the dilution rate on the bioproductivity of lactose-utilizing yeasts: fuzzy logic modeling. | the studied problem is of commercial interest because whey, the cultivation substrate, is a waste by-product from the transformation of milk into cheese and casein. investigations on the influence of the dilution rate (d) on the bioproductivity of lactose-utilizing yeasts were carried out with two model strains--the oxidative strain candida blankii 35 and the fermentative strain candida pseudotropicalis 11. the increase of d led to the different changes in productivity. the best synthesizing abi ... | 2003 | 12872933 |
| screening of yeasts for the production of the aroma compound 2-phenylethanol in a molasses-based medium. | fourteen yeast strains were screened for production of 2-phenylethanol from l-phenylalanine with molasses as carbon source. up to 1 g 2-phenylethanol l-1 was obtained. using oleyl alcohol as a second phase for in situ product removal to enhance the production of 2-phenylethanol increased the yield to about 3 g 2-phenylethanol l-1 at 35 degrees c. the most productive strains were kluyveromyces marxianus cbs 600 and cbs 397. | 2003 | 12882140 |
| the role of interaction between yeasts and lactic acid bacteria in african fermented milks: a review. | yeasts are present in indigenous african fermented milks in numbers up to log 8 cfu g(-1), together with a varied lactic acid bacteria (lab) flora, and therefore potentially contribute to product characteristics. however, interaction between yeasts and lab in these products has received little notice. in studies of indigenous fermented milk in zimbabwe and uganda, many samples contained more than one species of yeast, but saccharomyces cerevisiae was most commonly isolated. other frequent isolat ... | 2003 | 12892921 |
| a comparative study on the biosorption characteristics of some yeasts for remazol blue reactive dye. | biosorption capacities and rates of different kinds of dried yeasts (saccharomyces cerevisiae, schizosaccharomyces pombe, kluyveromyces marxianus, candida sp., c. tropicalis, c. lipolytica, c. utilis, c. quilliermendii and c. membranaefaciens) for remazol blue reactive dye from aqueous solutions were compared under laboratory conditions as a function of initial ph and initial dye concentration. optimum initial biosorption ph was determined as 2 for all the yeasts. all the yeast species showed co ... | 2003 | 12531715 |
| evaluation of kluyveromyces marxianus as a source of yeast autolysates. | cells of kluyveromyces marxianus fii 510700 and saccharomyces cerevisiae cbs 1907 were autolysed in phosphate buffer, ph 4.5, for a maximum of 10 days to compare chemical changes that occur in the carbohydrate, protein, amino acid and nucleic acid content. approximately 2.2-3% carbohydrate, 9.5-12% protein, 0.6-1.0% dna and 6-7% rna were recovered in the autolysates. the main amino acids were beta-alanine, phenylalanine, cysteine, methionine, glutamic acid and isoleucine. no significant differen ... | 2003 | 12545387 |
| broad and complex antifungal activity among environmental isolates of lactic acid bacteria. | more than 1200 isolates of lactic acid bacteria isolated from different environments were screened for antifungal activity in a dual-culture agar plate assay. approximately 10% of the isolates showed inhibitory activity and 4% showed strong activity against the indicator mould aspergillus fumigatus. the antifungal spectra for 37 isolates with strong activity and five isolates with low or no activity were determined. several of the strains showed strong inhibitory activity against the moulds a. f ... | 2003 | 12594034 |
| detection of seven candida species using the light-cycler system. | due to the limitations of classical methods for the detection of systemic fungal infections and the high mortality rates associated with these infections, it has become essential to develop a quick, sensitive and specific detection assay. by using the idaho technologies light-cycler system, a qualitative real-time pcr system has been developed for the detection of the leading causes of systemic infection within the genus candida. the sensitivity of the assay was comparable to previously describe ... | 2003 | 12621088 |
| induction and characterization of a novel amine oxidase from the yeast kluyveromyces marxianus. | an amine oxidase from the yeast kluyveromyces marxianus was induced, purified and completely characterized; it was shown to belong to the class of copper-containing amine oxidases (e.c. 1.4.3.6). the enzyme was induced by putrescine and, very strongly, by copper(ii); structural-functional characterization of the enzyme was performed, including determination of molecular weight, glycosylation, copper and tpq content, isoelectric point, k(m) and k(cat) (with benzylamine as substrate), ph, temperat ... | 2003 | 12673620 |
| cloning of the kcura3 gene and development of a transformation system for kluyveromyces cicerisporus. | kcura3 was cloned from kluyveromyces cicerisporus cbs4857 by complementation of the ura3 mutation in saccharomyces cerevisiae. kcura3 encodes a 267-amino-acid protein with 80% sequence identity to that of s. cerevisiae. an ura3 mutant strain from k. cicerisporus cbs4857, named y179u, was obtained by selection on 5-fluoroorotic acid plates. sequence analysis of this mutated gene revealed that it contained a point mutation at nucleotide position +277. two vectors, puk1 and pukd, bearing kcura3 wer ... | 2003 | 12679853 |
| utilization of corn silage juice by klyuveromyces marxianus. | corn silage juice was found to be a favorable substrate for production of fodder yeasts. kluyveromyces marxianus nrrl y-610 yielded significantly more cell dry weight than other cultures examined. in shake-flask experiments, the yeast produced over 13 g of cell dry weight per liter of corn silage juice and completely consumed the organic pollutants (lactic acid, acetic acid, and ethanol). the yeast settled rapidly and had a yeast volume index of 21 ml/g. the results indicate that k. marxianus nr ... | 2003 | 12688475 |
| d-xylose transport by candida succiphila and kluyveromyces marxianus. | the kinetics and regulation of d-xylose uptake were investigated in the efficient pentose fermentor candida succiphila, and in kluyveromyces marxianus, which assimilate but do not ferment pentose sugars. active high affinity (km approximately 3.8 mm; vmax approximately 15 nmol/[mg min]) and putative facilitated diffusion low-affinity (km approximately 140 mm; vmax approximately 130 nmol/[mg min]) transport activities were found in c. succiphila grown, respectively, on xylose or glucose. k. marxi ... | 2003 | 12721449 |
| effect of lignocellulosic degradation compounds from steam explosion pretreatment on ethanol fermentation by thermotolerant yeast kluyveromyces marxianus. | the filtrate from steam-pretreated poplar was analyzed to identify degradation compounds. the effect of selected compounds on growth and ethanolic fermentation of the thermotolerant yeast strain kluyveromyces marxianus cect 10875 was tested. several fermentations on glucose medium, containing individual inhibitory compounds found in the hydrolysate, were carried out. the degree of inhibition on yeast strain growth and ethanolic fermentation was determined. at concentrations found in the prehy-dr ... | 2003 | 12721481 |
| synthesis and antifungal activity of (+/-)-1-(5-aryl-3-pyridin-2-yl-4,5-dihydro-pyrazol-1-yl)-2-imidazol-1-yl-ethanone derivatives. | (+/-)-1-(5-aryl-3-pyridin-2-yl-4,5-dihydro-pyrazol-1-yl)-2-imidazol-1-yl-ethanone derivatives were synthesized and tested for their in vitro antifungal activity. the compounds showed a moderate activity against strains of candida parapsilosis, candida pseudotropicalis and candida glabrata. | 2003 | 12727541 |
| efficient isolation of genes differentially expressed on cellulose by suppression subtractive hybridization in agaricus bisporus. | the production of cellulases on minimal medium in the edible mushroom agaricus bisporus is regulated by the carbon source: induced by cellulose and repressed by glucose. in order to isolate cellulose-growth specific sequences, a cdna library from a. bisporus using suppression subtractive hybridization (ssh) was constructed. northern blot analysis indicated that a high level of enrichment was achieved; 183 clones were isolated. a preliminary screen with cellulose-specific genes of a. bisporus (ce ... | 2003 | 12825511 |
| continuous production of pectinase by immobilized yeast cells on spent grains. | a yeast strain secreting endopolygalacturonase was used in this work to study the possibility of continuous production of this enzyme. it is a feasible and interesting alternative to fungal batch production essentially due to the specificity of the type of pectinase excreted by kluyveromyces marxianus cct 3172, to the lower broth viscosity and to the easier downstream operations. in order to increase the reactors' productivity, a cellulosic carrier obtained from barley spent grains was tested as ... | 2003 | 16233566 |
| manufacture of a beverage from cheese whey using a "tea fungus" fermentation. | kombucha is a sour beverage reported to have potential health effects prepared from the fermentation of black tea and sugar with a "tea fungus", a symbiotic culture of acetic acid bacteria and yeasts. although black tea is the preferred substrate for kombucha fermentation, other beverages have also been tested as substrates with fair results. cheese whey is a by-product with a good amount of fermentable lactose that has been used before in the production of beverages, so the objective of this st ... | 2003 | 17061515 |
| a comparative study on galactoologosaccharide synthesis by selected beta-galactosidase preparations. | the transgalactosilating ability of beta-galactosidase preparations obtained from kluyveromyces fragilis, penicillium canescens, and escherichia coli was investigated. in samples of hydrolysates of 20% lactose solutions without or with a 2% addition of glucose, the galactose or fructose obtained with the use of the investigated preparations and the content of saccharides was determined with the hplc method. under experimental conditions, the highest quantity (56.0-64.1%) of galactooligosaccharid ... | 2003 | 24757791 |
| the characteristics of fermentation abilities of k. fragilis immobilized on siran. | the aim of this paper was to evaluate the suitability of siran, a highly porous mineral carrier, to immobilization of kluyveromyces fragilis--directly lactose-fermenting yeast. the ethanol concentration in the post-fermentation mash was 4.7-5.8% v/v and was less advantageous than in previous experiments with calcium alginate (on average 6.04% v/v in 9 sequential fermentations). the introduction of another yeast strain to the experiment--s. cerevisiae--enhanced the efficiency of the lactose mash ... | 2003 | 24757795 |
| the effect of some conditions on the secretion of extracellular beta-galactosidase synthesised by kluyveromyces fragilis 28. | to induce extracellular secretion of beta-galactosidase synthesised by kluyveromyces fragilis 28, it was used glycine, l-asparagine, l-leucine, dimethyl fluoride, dimethyl sulfoxide, cetyldimethylethylammonium bromide, penicillin g and glycolipids from candida antarctica. the highest increase in the secretion of beta-galactosidase was obtained in the yeast culture cultivated in the medium with polypeptone when glycine was used as the secretion inductor. the extracellular activity of beta-galacto ... | 2003 | 24757788 |
| identification of candida albicans by polymerase chain reaction amplification of cayst1 gene intron fragment. | a single pair of primers, deduced from the intron nucleotide sequence of the candida albicans cayst1 gene, was used in pcr analysis performed with both genomic dna and whole cells of clinical isolates of candida species and other microorganisms. all the clinical c. albicans isolates generated the expected 310 bp amplicon; other candida species as well as laboratory strains belonging to other fungal genera failed to amplify any dna fragment, except for candida pseudotropicalis (amplicon of 1200 b ... | 2002 | 12828508 |
| the beta-galactosidase activity in kluyveromyces marxianus cbs6556 decreases by high concentrations of galactose. | in this paper we report on the effect of different concentrations of lactose and galactose in the production of beta-galactosidase by kluyveromyces marxianus cbs6556. the results clearly demonstrate a decrease in enzyme specific activity during cultivation at high concentrations of l-lactose or d-galactose, despite the fact that these carbohydrates are normally used for induction of the beta-galactosidase activity. therefore, maximum induction of beta-galactosidase in k. marxianus batch cultures ... | 2002 | 11927991 |
| degradation of natural phosphorylated compounds and added polyphosphates in milk by pseudomonas fluorescens cect378, lactococcus lactis cect539, and kluyveromyces marxianus cect10584. | the degradation of natural phosphorylated compounds (galactose-1-phosphate, n-acetyl-glucosamine-1-phosphate, glycerophosphoethanolamine, and glycerophosphocholine) and added phosphorylated compounds (diphosphate) in milk was investigated by phosphorus 31 nuclear magnetic resonance on the incubation of a sterile milk with pseudomonas fluorescens cect381, lactococcus lactis cect539, and kluyveromyces marxianus cect10584. this preliminary study showed that the degradation of these compounds was de ... | 2002 | 12117255 |
| conservation of a portion of the s. cerevisiae ure2p prion domain that interacts with the full-length protein. | the [ure3] prion of saccharomyces cerevisiae is a self-propagating inactive amyloid form of the ure2 protein. ure2p residues 1-65 constitute the prion domain, and the remaining c-terminal portion regulates nitrogen catabolism. we have examined the ure2 genes of wild-type isolates of s. cerevisiae and those of several pathogenic yeasts and a filamentous fungus. we find that the normal function of the s. cerevisiae ure2p in nitrogen regulation is fully complemented by the ure2p of candida albicans ... | 2002 | 12177423 |
| lactobacillus plantarum milab 393 produces the antifungal cyclic dipeptides cyclo(l-phe-l-pro) and cyclo(l-phe-trans-4-oh-l-pro) and 3-phenyllactic acid. | we have isolated a lactobacillus plantarum strain (milab 393) from grass silage that produces broad-spectrum antifungal compounds, active against food- and feed-borne filamentous fungi and yeasts in a dual-culture agar plate assay. fusarium sporotrichioides and aspergillus fumigatus were the most sensitive among the molds, and kluyveromyces marxianus was the most sensitive yeast species. no inhibitory activity could be detected against the mold penicillium roqueforti or the yeast zygosaccharomyc ... | 2002 | 12200282 |
| [selenium tolerance of yeasts]. | selenium tolerance of yeasts widely varies: the growth of some yeasts can be inhibited by a selenium concentration as low as 10(-4) m, whereas others can grow in the presence of 10(-1) m selenium. homogeneous yeast taxa are characterized by a certain level of selenium tolerance, and heterogeneous taxa show a variable level of tolerance to selenium. in general, ascomycetous yeasts are more tolerant to selenium than basidiomycetous yeasts. among the ascomycetous yeasts, the genera dekkera and schi ... | 2002 | 12244713 |
| antifungal sordarins. synthesis and structure-activity relationships of 3'-o-substituted derivatives. | a number of novel 3'-o-acyl and alkyl sordarins were synthesised for structure-activity relationship studies. many of these derivatives exhibit high activity against candida albicans, candida pseudotropicalis, candida tropicalis and cryptococcus neoformans. | 2002 | 11755334 |
| iminodiacetate and nitrilotriacetate degradation by kluyveromyces marxianus imb3. | the thermotolerant yeast kluyveromyces marxianus imb3 was capable of utilising either iminodiacetate or nitrilotriacetate as a sole source of nitrogen for growth. cell extracts contained iminodiacetate dehydrogenase and nitrilotriacetate monooxygenase activities, suggesting the presence in the yeast of orthologues of these bacterial enzymes. the activities were not detectable in complete medium-growth cells, nor in nitrogen-starved cells, suggesting an inducible biodedgradation pathway for biode ... | 2002 | 11785972 |
| an analysis of inter- and intraspecific genetic variabilities in the kluyveromyces marxianus group of yeast species for the reconsideration of the k. lactis taxon. | in the present work, we analyse the sequences of the 5.8s rrna gene and the two internal transcribed spacers 1 and 2 (5.8s-its region), obtained from 39 strains belonging to the species kluyveromyces aestuarii, k. dobzhanskii, k. lactis and k. marxianus, k. nonfermentans and k. wickerhamii, to solve the phylogenetic relationships among these species and also to determine the possible genetic basis for the delimitation of the two currently accepted k. lactis varieties: lactis, including lactose-p ... | 2002 | 11816033 |
| lactic acid bacteria and yeasts in kefir grains and kefir made from them. | in an investigation of the changes in the microflora along the pathway: kefir grains (a)-->kefir made from kefir grains (b)-->kefir made from kefir as inoculum (c), the following species of lactic acid bacteria (83-90%) of the microbial count in the grains) were identified: lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis, streptococcus thermophilus, lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus, lactobacillus helveticus, lactobacillus casei subsp. pseudoplantarum and lactobacillus brevis. yeasts (10-17%) identif ... | 2002 | 11938463 |
| production, purification, and characterization of a polygalacturonase from a new strain of kluyveromyces marxianus isolated from coffee wet-processing wastewater. | a new high polygalacturonase (pg)-producing kluyveromyces marxianus strain was isolated from coffee wet-processing wastewater. pg production in this strain is not repressed in the presence of 100 g/l of glucose and, being growth-associated, reached its maximum accumulation in the culture medium at the beginning of the stationary phase. oxygen and galacturonic acid negatively regulated enzyme synthesis, and glucose as the carbon source afforded better enzyme yields than lactose. the data reported ... | 2002 | 11998843 |
| nutritional profile of food yeast kluyveromyces fragilis biomass grown on whey. | biomass of food yeast kluyveromyces fragilis (mtcc 188) grown on deproteinized whey supplemented with 0.8% diammonium hydrogen phosphate and 10 ppm indole-3-acetic acid, had a crude protein content of 37%. the true protein content based on nitrogen fractionation procedure was 28.1%. total nucleic acid content was 4.82%. this amount does not appear to be toxicologically offensive. crude fiber, ash, and lipid content of k.fragilis dry cells were found to be 4.9%, 16%, and 7.8%, respectively. essen ... | 2002 | 11998844 |
| high-temperature alcoholic fermentation of whey using kluyveromyces marxianus imb3 yeast immobilized on delignified cellulosic material. | a novel system for high-temperature alcoholic fermentation of whey is described. this system consists of kluyveromyces marxianus yeast immobilized on delignified cellulosic material (dcm). the effect of ph, initial lactose concentration and temperature on the fermentation of a synthetic medium containing lactose was studied. batch fermentations of whey were also carried out and the formation of volatile by-products was examined. the concentrations of higher alcohols were found to be in very low ... | 2002 | 12003320 |
| oxidative stress response of kluyveromyces marxianus to hydrogen peroxide, paraquat and pressure. | the aim of this work was to study the oxidative stress response of kluyveromyces marxianus to hydrogen peroxide (50 mm), paraquat (1 mm), an increase in air pressure (120 kpa, 600 kpa) and pure oxygen pressure (120-600 kpa) in a pressurized bioreactor. the effect of these oxidants on metabolism and on the induction of antioxidant enzymes was investigated. the exposure for 1 h of k. marxianus at exponential growth phase with either h(2)o(2) or paraquat, under air pressure of 120 kpa or 600 kpa, i ... | 2002 | 12021807 |
| evaluation of a recombinant klebsiella oxytoca strain for ethanol production from cellulose by simultaneous saccharification and fermentation: comparison with native cellobiose-utilising yeast strains and performance in co-culture with thermotolerant yeast and zymomonas mobilis. | in the simultaneous saccharification and fermentation to ethanol of 100 g l(-1) microcrystalline cellulose, the cellobiose-fermenting recombinant klebsiella oxytoca p2 outperformed a range of cellobiose-fermenting yeasts used in earlier work, despite producing less ethanol than reported earlier for this organism under similar conditions. the time taken by k. oxytoca p2 to produce up to about 33 g l(-1) ethanol was much less than for any other organism investigated, including ethanol-tolerant str ... | 2002 | 12039532 |
| new chromogenic agar medium for the identification of candida spp. | a new chromogenic agar medium (candida diagnostic agar [cda]) for differentiation of candida spp. is described. this medium is based on sabouraud dextrose agar (oxoid cm41) and contains (per liter) 40.0 g of glucose, 10.0 g of mycological peptone, and 15.0 g of agar along with a novel chromogenic glucosaminidase substrate, ammonium 4-(2-[4-(2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-d-glucopyranosyloxy)-3-methoxyphenyl]-vinyl)-1-(propan-3-yl-oate)-quinolium bromide (0.32 g liter(-1)). the glucosaminidase substrat ... | 2002 | 12089051 |
| use of waste chinese cabbage as a substrate for yeast biomass production. | the possibility of using waste chinese cabbage (brassica campestris) as a substrate for microbial biomass production was investigated. the juice from waste chinese cabbage contains relatively high amounts of reducing sugars suitable for yeast culture. the cell mass and protein content of four species of yeast, candida utilis, pichia stipitis, kluyveromyces marxianus, and saccharomyces cerevisiae, were determined when cultured in juice extracted from cabbage waste. compared to ym broth containing ... | 2002 | 12094802 |
| dietary influence of kefir on microbial activities in the mouse bowel. | in this work the microflora present in kefir, a fermented milk product, was studied together with the effect of kefir administration on different groups of indigenous bacteria of mouse bowel. | 2002 | 12100589 |
| yeasts associated with fresh and frozen pulps of brazilian tropical fruits. | the occurrence of yeasts on ripe fruits and frozen pulps of pitanga (eugenia uniflora l), mangaba (hancornia speciosa gom.), umbu (spondias tuberosa avr. cam.), and acerola (malpighia glaba l) was verified. the incidence of proteolytic, pectinolytic, and mycocinogenic yeasts on these communities was also determined. a total of 480 colonies was isolated and grouped in 405 different strains. these corresponded to 42 ascomycetous and 28 basidiomycetous species. candida sorbosivorans, pseudozyma ant ... | 2002 | 12353886 |
| in vivo pathogenicity of eight medically relevant candida species in an animal model. | the relative pathogenicity of eight medically important candida species was investigated in a mouse model. | 2002 | 12382088 |
| metabolic physiology of aroma-producing kluyveromyces marxianus. | kluyveromyces marxianus has a high potential for industrial production of aroma compounds, such as 2-phenylethanol, which is derived in a bioconversion from l-phenylalanine. in the present work the product yield of k. marxianus in batch cultivation was estimated as 0.65 mol 2-phenylethanol/mol l-phenylalanine and thus significantly below the theoretical optimum of 1 mol/mol. by a comprehensive approach of stoichiometric balancing and gc-ms analysis of various substrates and products of k. marxia ... | 2002 | 12402244 |
| presumptive identification of candida kefyr on levine formulation of eosin methylene blue agar. | three hundred thirty-one yeast and yeast-like isolates were cultivated on eosin methylene blue agar. while the sensitivity rate for candida kefyr isolates producing a metallic green sheen was 81.8%, the high positive predictive value (100%) for yeast isolates with this phenotype belonging to c. kefyr suggests that these isolates can be presumptively identified as c. kefyr. | 2002 | 12409410 |
| identification and antifungal susceptibility of candida isolated from intensive care unit patients. | candida was isolated in 205 of 1060 clinical specimens (19.33%) in our laboratary sent from the intensive care unit for mycological investigation between january 98-december 99. all isolated strains were identified to species level using the api candida system (bio-meieux, france) as follows; candida albicans (n:115, 56.09%), candida tropicalis (n:23, 11.21%), candida parapsilosis (n:21, 10.24%), candida glabrata (n:12, 5.83%). candida kefyr (n:9, 4.39%), candida lusitaniae (n:7, 3.41%), candida ... | 2002 | 12437230 |
| microbial and chemical transformation studies of the bioactive marine sesquiterpenes (s)-(+)-curcuphenol and -curcudiol isolated from a deep reef collection of the jamaican sponge didiscus oxeata. | microbial and chemical transformation studies of the marine sesquiterpene phenols (s)-(+)-curcuphenol (1) and (s)-(+)-curcudiol (2), isolated from the jamaican sponge didiscus oxeata, were accomplished. preparative-scale fermentation of 1 with kluyveromyces marxianus var. lactis (atcc 2628) has resulted in the isolation of six new metabolites: (s)-(+)-15-hydroxycurcuphenol (3), (s)-(+)-12-hydroxycurcuphenol (4), (s)-(+)-12,15-dihydroxycurcuphenol (5), (s)-(+)-15-hydroxycurcuphenol-12-al (6), (s) ... | 2002 | 12444675 |
| growth characteristics of candida kefyr and two strains of lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis isolated from zimbabwean naturally fermented milk. | lactic acid bacteria (lab) and yeasts constitute part of the microflora in zimbabwean traditional fermented cows' milk, amasi. the present study was carried out to investigate the growth characteristics of candida kefyr 23, lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis biovar. diacetylactis c1 and l. lactis subsp. lactis lc261, previously isolated from amasi, in ultrahigh temperature (uht)-treated cows' milk. the strains were inoculated into the uht milk as both single and yeast | 2001 | 11759748 |
| [search for lectin producers among some yeast species]. | hemagglutinating properties of culture liquid and cells of 142 yeast strains of species saccharomyces cerevisiae, kluyveromyces marxianus, k. dobzhanskii, k. lactis var. lactis and k. lactis var. drosophilarum, isolated from various sources have been studied. a capacity of yeast (44% of the studied strains) to synthesize both lectins bound to a cell and extracellular lectins has been established; the latter have been found in yeast for the first time. | 2001 | 11785420 |
| yeasts from water buffalo mozzarella, a traditional cheese of the mediterranean area. | countries of the mediterranean area are characterized by production of artisanal cheeses, obtained from goat, sheep, cow and buffalo raw milk. the numbers and species of yeasts in the different cheeses are variable, but some species are more frequently detected than others. kluyveromyces marxianus, k. lactis with their anamorph, candida kefir, debaryomyces hansenii and c. famata, c. colliculosa and c. catenulata are dominant species in several cheeses. however, saccharomyces cerevisiae is often ... | 2001 | 11589559 |
| nisin production from lactococcus lactis a.t.c.c. 7962 using supplemented whey permeate. | the influence of ph control and aeration (20% dissolved oxygen) on nisin production in a supplemented cheese whey permeate was examined during batch fermentation with lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis a.t.c.c. 7962. a maximum nisin activity of 5280 i.u./ml of medium was observed in the raw extract of nisin after 9 h of fermentation with a constant ph at 4.9. however, the fermentation was continued until 24 h, when a decrease in the nisin activity was observed. the ph control did not influence the ... | 2001 | 11592916 |
| characterization of major protein phosphatases from selected species of kluyveromyces. comparison with protein phosphatases from yarrowia lipolytica. | casein phosphatase activities have been identified in five yeast strains grown on pi-deficient medium. maximal endocellular activities appeared in the exponential phase. exocellular phosphatases were significantly produced from yarrowia lipolytica w-29 and kluyveromyces marxianus, in the early stationary phase. major phosphatases from k. marxianus were one heavy acid phosphatase composed of 64-67 kda subunits, which could be secreted in the medium, and one type 2a protein phosphatase with an app ... | 2001 | 11683468 |
| chemical and microbiological characterisation of kefir grains. | chemical and microbiological composition of four argentinean kefir grains from different sources as well as characteristics of the corresponding fermented milk were studied. kefir grains cidca agk1, agk2 and agk4 did not show significant differences in their chemical and microbiological composition. in contrast, protein and yeast content of agk3 was higher than in the other grains. although grain microflora comprised lactobacilli, lactococcus, acetic acid bacteria and yeast, we found an importan ... | 2001 | 11928960 |
| effect of contraceptives on the prevalence of vaginal colonization with candida species in edo state, nigeria. | high vaginal swabs (hvs) obtained from 500 volunteers in edo state, nigeria which comprised 394 contraceptive users and 106 non-contraceptive users were screened for the prevalence of candida species using standard procedures. results revealed the isolation of candida species in 246 of volunteers. these included candida albicans 174 (38.4%), candida pseudotropicalis 20 (4%), candida stellatoidea 15 (3%), candida krusei nine (1.8%), candida guilliermondii 12 (2.4%), candida tropicalis 11 (2.2%) a ... | 2001 | 15496123 |
| [evaluation of a new chromogenic medium (candida id) for the isolation and presumptive identification of candida albicans and other medically important yeasts]. | candidiasis is a frequent human infection caused mainly by candida albicans. however, other species are emerging as important pathogens, as candida glabrata, candida parapsilosis, candida tropicalis, candida krusei or candida guilliermondii. rapid identification of clinical isolates could facilitate diagnosis and treatment. candida id (biomerieux, spain) is a new medium for the isolation and presumptive identification of yeasts: c. albicans grows as blue colonies, and c. tropicalis, c. guillierm ... | 2001 | 15482010 |
| nonesterified galacturonic acid sequence homology of pectins. | the methyl ester distribution of pectins was studied with a recently developed enzymatic method. endopolygalacturonase of kluyveromyces fragilis was used to degrade pectin and the composition of the degradation products was determined with high-performance anion-exchange chromatography at ph 5. three characteristics indicative for the distribution of nonesterified galacturonic acid residues were obtained: the percentage of nonesterified galacturonic acid residues liberated of the total number of ... | 2001 | 11072224 |
| lactobacillus coryniformis subsp. coryniformis strain si3 produces a broad-spectrum proteinaceous antifungal compound. | the antifungal activity spectrum of lactobacillus coryniformis subsp. coryniformis strain si3 was investigated. the strain had strong inhibitory activity in dual-culture agar plate assays against the molds aspergillus fumigatus, a. nidulans, penicillium roqueforti, mucor hiemalis, talaromyces flavus, fusarium poae, f. graminearum, f. culmorum, and f. sporotrichoides. a weaker activity was observed against the yeasts debaryomyces hansenii, kluyveromyces marxianus, and saccharomyces cerevisiae. th ... | 2001 | 11133421 |
| antimicrobial properties and mode of action of the pyrrothine holomycin. | holomycin, a member of the pyrrothine class of antibiotics, displayed broad-spectrum antibacterial activity, inhibiting a variety of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, with the exception of enterobacter cloacae, morganella morganii, and pseudomonas aeruginosa. the antibiotic lacked activity against the eukaryotic microorganisms saccharomyces cerevisiae and candida kefyr. holomycin exhibited a bacteriostatic response against escherichia coli that was associated with rapid inhibition of rna ... | 2001 | 11158751 |
| sensitive bioassay for determination of fluconazole concentrations in plasma using a candida albicans mutant hypersusceptible to azoles. | the antifungal agent fluconazole (flc) is widely used in clinical practice. monitoring flc levels is useful in complicated clinical settings and in experimental infection models. a bioassay using candida pseudotropicalis, a simple and cost-effective method, is validated only for flc levels ranging from 5 to 40 mg/liter. an extension of the analytical range is needed to cover most yeast mics. a new bioassay in rpmi agar containing methylene blue was developed using c. albicans dsy1024, a mutant r ... | 2001 | 11181345 |
| simultaneous saccharification and fermentation of lignocellulosic wastes to ethanol using a thermotolerant yeast. | simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (ssf) studies were carried out to produce ethanol from lignocellulosic wastes (sugar cane leaves and antigonum leptopus leaves) using trichoderma reesei cellulase and yeast cells. the ability of a thermotolerant yeast, kluyveromyces fragilis ncim 3358, was compared with saccharomyces cerevisiae nrrl-y-132. k. fragilis was found to perform better in the ssf process and result in high yields of ethanol (2.5-3.5% w/v) compared to s. cerevisiae (2.0-2.5 ... | 2001 | 11272027 |
| cold-adapted beta-galactosidase from the antarctic psychrophile pseudoalteromonas haloplanktis. | the beta-galactosidase from the antarctic gram-negative bacterium pseudoalteromonas haloplanktis tae 79 was purified to homogeneity. the nucleotide sequence and the nh(2)-terminal amino acid sequence of the purified enzyme indicate that the beta-galactosidase subunit is composed of 1,038 amino acids with a calculated m(r) of 118,068. this beta-galactosidase shares structural properties with escherichia coli beta-galactosidase (comparable subunit mass, 51% amino sequence identity, conservation of ... | 2001 | 11282601 |
| microbial hydroxylation and reduction of the diterpene psiadin. | microbial bioconversion studies conducted on the diterpene psiadin have revealed that it was metabolized by aspergillus niger (nrrl 2295) to give 2alpha-hydroxydeoxopsiadin, cunninghamella blakesleeana (atcc 8688a) to give 11beta-hydroxypsiadin, and cylindrocephalum aureum (atcc 12720), gongronella butleri (atcc 22822), kloeckera africana (atcc 20111), and kluyveromyces marxianus var. lactis (atcc 2628) to yield 7alpha-hydroxypsiadin. their structures have been established on the basis of spectr ... | 2001 | 11371011 |
| microbiology and physiology of cachaça (aguardente) fermentations. | cachaça (aguardente) is a rum-style spirit made from sugar cane juice by artisanal methods in brazil. a study was made of the production, biochemistry and microbiology of the process in fifteen distilleries in sul de minas. identification of 443 yeasts showed saccharomyces cerevisiae to be the predominant yeast but rhodotorula glutinis and candida maltosa were predominant in three cases. bacterial infection is a potential problem, particularly in older wooden vats, when the ratio of yeasts:bacte ... | 2001 | 11392489 |
| killer behaviour in wild wine yeasts associated with merlot and malbec type musts spontaneously fermented from northwestern patagonia (argentina). | the occurrence of killer wine yeasts in comahue region (patagonia, argentina) was studied. wild wine yeasts were isolated from spontaneously fermenting merlot and malbec type musts. out of 135 isolates analyzed 37% were sensitive to some well characterized killer toxins as k1-k10 and did not show killer activity (sensitive phenotype, s), 21% showed neutral phenotype (n) and 42% demonstrated killer activity (killer phenotype, k). all but two killer strains, identified as candida pulcherrima and k ... | 2001 | 11441458 |
| alcohol production from cheese whey permeate using genetically modified flocculent yeast cells. | alcoholic fermentation of cheese whey permeate was investigated using a recombinant flocculating saccharomyces cerevisiae, expressing the lac4 (coding for beta-galactosidase) and lac12 (coding for lactose permease) genes of kluyveromyces marxianus enabling for lactose metabolization. data on yeast fermentation and growth on cheese whey permeate from a portuguese dairy industry is presented. for cheese whey permeate having a lactose concentration of 50 gl(-1), total lactose consumption was observ ... | 2001 | 11460240 |
| the growth and interaction of yeasts and lactic acid bacteria isolated from zimbabwean naturally fermented milk in uht milk. | nine yeast and four lactic acid bacterial strains, previously isolated from zimbabwean traditionally fermented milk, were inoculated into ultra-high temperature treated (uht) milk in both single and yeast-lactic acid bacteria co-culture. the lactic acid bacteria (lab) strains consisted of lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis biovar. diacetylactis c1, l. lactis subsp. lactis lc39, l. lactis subsp. lactis lc261 and lactobacillus paracasei subsp. paracasei lb11. the yeast strains used were candida kefy ... | 2001 | 11545217 |
| [verrucarin a from conidia of dendrodochium toxicum pidopl. et bilai]. | a substance which was dyed blue by 4p-(nitrobenzyl)pyridine, that evidenced for its trichotecene nature, has been isolated in the crystalline form from conidia dendrodochium toxicum pidopl. et bilai--roridine h producer. thin-layer chromatography of the substance in three different systems, the well-known macrocyclic trichotecenes being used as standards, permitted it to be identified with verrucarine a. the substances possessed high biological activity with respect to the indicator test-culture ... | 2001 | 11558240 |
| optimization of inulinase production by kluyveromyces marxianus using factorial design. | factorial design and response surface techniques were used to optimize the culture medium for the production of inulinase by kluyveromyces marxianus. sucrose was used as the carbon source instead of inulin. initially, a fractional factorial design (2(5-1)) was used in order to determine the most relevant variables for enzyme production. five parameters were studied (sucrose, peptone, yeast extract, ph, and k2hpo4), and all were shown to be significant. sucrose concentration and ph had negative e ... | 2001 | 11563827 |
| recovery of endo-polygalacturonase using polyethylene glycol-salt aqueous two-phase extraction with polymer recycling. | the partitioning behaviour of endo-polygalacturonase (endo-pg) and total protein from a clarified kluyveromyces marxianus fermentation broth in polyethylene glycol (peg)-ammonium sulfate and peg-potassium phosphate (ph=7) aqueous two-phase systems was experimentally investigated. both the enzyme and total protein partitioned in the bottom phase for these two kinds of systems. the enzyme partitioning coefficient can be lower than 0.01 in peg8000-(nh4)2so4 atps with a large phase volume ratio and ... | 2000 | 11321523 |
| decolorization of remazol black-b using a thermotolerant yeast, kluyveromyces marxianus imb3. | the ability of kluyveromyces marxianus imb3 to decolorize remazol black-b dye was investigated. the effect of environmental conditions, such as ph and temperature were examined. no noticeable effects on decolorization were observed when ph varied from 3.0-5.5. maximum colour removal, 98%, was achieved at 37 degrees c. little or no colour removal was detected when k. marxianus imb3 was incubated under anaerobic conditions. further investigation, in which decolorization was monitored under extreme ... | 2000 | 11345742 |
| endopolygalacturonase genes and enzymes from saccharomyces cerevisiae and kluyveromyces marxianus. | the gene encoding endopolygalacturonase (ec 3.2.1.15) has been cloned, sequenced and expressed from three strains of saccharomyces cerevisiae (including nonsecretors) and three strains of kluyveromyces marxianus. both control and coding regions showed small differences within each species, one including loss of a potential glycosylation site. two non-secreting s. cerevisiae strains (fy1679 and var. uvarum) had non-transcribed copies of functional genes. maximum enzyme activity was achieved with ... | 2000 | 11191210 |
| uptake of aflatoxin b1 and t-2 toxin by two mycotoxin bioassay microorganisms: kluyveromyces marxianus and bacillus megaterium. | uptake of aflatoxin b1 (afb1) and trichothecene t-2 toxin from growth medium by mycotoxin bioassay strains of klutyveomyces marxianus and bacillus megaterium was assessed by incubating, washing, and sonicating the cells, extracting samples with chloroform, and analysing the extracts by a combination of high-performance thin-layer chromatography (hptlc) and fluorescence densitometry. using cultures of k. marxianus, the entire afb1 dose was recovered and no afb1 metabolites were detected. less tha ... | 2000 | 11195092 |
| generation of odorous acyloins by yeast pyruvate decarboxylases and their occurrence in sherry and soy sauce. | volatile acyloins (alpha-hydroxy ketones) were obtained by condensing either aldehydes with pyruvate or 2-keto acids with acetaldehyde in a reaction catalyzed by yeast pyruvate decarboxylases (ec 4.1.1.1). odor qualities and threshold values of 34 acyloins were evaluated, and 23 of them possessed distinct flavor properties. sherry and soy sauce flavors were analyzed: 2-hydroxy-3-pentanone and 3-hydroxy-2-pentanone were identified in soy sauce for the first time; these and 2-hydroxy-5-methyl-3-he ... | 2000 | 11141278 |
| identification of rare candida species and other yeasts by polymerase chain reaction and slot blot hybridization. | invasive candidiasis has become a major cause of morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised hosts. here we describe a fast and reliable dna extraction and pcr amplification method in combination with a slot blot hybridization assay. a genus-specific probe was designed that allowed to detect dna from a broad range of candida species and 3 other yeasts. in addition, species-specific oligonucleotides for emerging candida and other yeast species allowed to identify dna extracted from candida lusit ... | 2000 | 11146245 |
| genomic exploration of the hemiascomycetous yeasts: 12. kluyveromyces marxianus var. marxianus. | as part of the comparative genomics project 'genolevures', we studied the kluyveromyces marxianus var. marxianus strain cbs712 using a partial random sequencing strategy. with a 0.2 x genome equivalent coverage, we identified ca. 1300 novel genes encoding proteins, some containing spliceosomal introns with consensus splice sites identical to those of saccharomyces cerevisiae, 28 trna genes, the whole rdna repeat, and retrotransposons of the ty1/2 family of s. cerevisiae with diverged long termin ... | 2000 | 11152887 |
| [mycotic disease of the mucous membranes of the head and neck]. | candidiasis is usually a superficial infection of the moist areas of the body and is generally caused by candida albicans. visceral infections occur in diabetes, lymphomas and leukemias, malnutrition, avitaminosis and they are associated with antibiotic, corticosteroid and immunosuppressive therapy. candida albicans was isolated from middle ear inflammation. the diagnosis is made on the basis of microscopic appearance of colonies and characteristic smell. candidiasis is successfully treated with ... | 2000 | 10953558 |
| kluyveromyces marxianus exhibits an ancestral saccharomyces cerevisiae genome organization downstream of adh2. | in saccharomyces cerevisiae, the alcohol dehydrogenase genes adh1 and adh5 are part of a duplicated block of genome, thought to originate from a genome-wide duplication posterior to the divergence from the kluyveromyces lineage. we report here the characterization of kluyveromyces marxianus adh2 and the five genes found in its immediate downstream region, mrps9, yol087c, rpb5, rib7 and spp381. the order of these six genes reflects the structure of the ancestral s. cerevisiae genome before the du ... | 2000 | 10974568 |
| nucleotide sequence, expression and transcriptional analysis of the bifidobacterium longum mb 219 lacz gene. | the gene encoding beta-galactosidase was isolated by functional complementation of escherichia coli from bifidobacterium longum mb219, which exhibited the highest activity among ten bifidobacterium strains tested of the species b. longum, b. breve, b. adolescentis, b. indicum, b. animalis and b. cuniculi. the nucleotide sequence of the 5.0-kb fragment conferring the positive beta-galactosidase phenotype to e. coli revealed the presence of a lacz-type gene encoding a 1023-amino-acid protein that ... | 2000 | 10985745 |
| kinetic modeling of lactose hydrolysis with an immobilized beta-galactosidase from kluyveromyces fragilis. | the kinetic model of the hydrolysis of lactose with a beta-galactosidase from kluyveromyces fragilis immobilized on a commercial silica-alumina (ka-3, from südchemie) has been determined. a wide experimental range of the main variables has been employed: temperature, concentrations of substrate, and products and concentration of enzyme. the runs were performed in a complex buffer with the salt composition of milk. the effect of ph and temperature on the stability and the activity of the enzyme h ... | 2000 | 11024521 |
| yeasts as a model for assessing the toxicity of the fungicides penconazol, cymoxanil and dichlofluanid. | in the present work the sensitivity of yeast strains of kluyveromyces marxianus, pichia anomala, candida utilis, schizosaccharomyces pombe and saccharomyces cerevisiae, to the fungicides cymoxanil, penconazol, and dichlofluanid, was evaluated. dichlofluanid induced the most negative effects, whereas penconazol in general was not very toxic. overall, our results show that the parameters ic50 for specific respiration rates of c. utilis and s. cerevisiae and c(d) for cell viability of s. cerevisiae ... | 2000 | 11057691 |
| simultaneous saccharification and fermentation of steam-pretreated spruce to ethanol. | ethanol production was studied in simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (ssf) of steam-pretreated spruce at 42 degrees c, using a thermotolerant yeast. three yeast strains of kluyveromyces marxianus were compared in test fermentations. ssf experiments were performed with the best of these on 5% (w/w) of substrate, at a cellulase loading of 37 filter paper units/g of cellulose, and a beta-glucosidase loading of 38 iu/g of cellulose. the detoxification of the substrate and the lack of ph ... | 2000 | 10849780 |