Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in hiv infected patients from mumbai. | pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (pcp) is believed to be rare in the developing world and no large prospective indian series have been reported to date. the present study was conducted to study the clinical profile and outcome of pcp in patients with hiv infection. | 2005 | 16124351 |
| impact of highly active antiretroviral therapy on organ-specific manifestations of hiv-1 infection. | in the last 10 years, interesting results have been reported concerning the impact of highly active antiretroviral therapy (haart) on the changing pattern of organ-specific manifestations of hiv-1 infection. there has been a clear step-wise reduction in the incidence of several opportunistic infections (ois), particularly pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, whereas a nonsignificant reduction in incidence has been observed for other organ-specific diseases, including invasive cervical cancer and hodg ... | 2005 | 15807712 |
| pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in patients with solid tumors and lymphomas: predisposing factors and outcome. | the incidence of pneumonocystis carinii pneumonia (pcp) is increasing in patients with cancer. the possible routes of transmission in this population, as well as the epidemiological data of pcp, are not very well understood. the collection and analysis of data concerning the predisposing factors for pcp will elucidate this subject. | 2005 | 15816641 |
| opportunistic infections in polymyositis and dermatomyositis. | to assess prevalence and characteristics of opportunistic infections in patients with polymyositis/dermatomyositis (pm/dm). to determine the predictive values for opportunistic infections on clinical presentation, biochemical findings, and paraclinical features of pm/dm to detect patients at risk of opportunistic infections. | 2005 | 15818648 |
| bronchoscopy in the diagnosis and surveillance of respiratory infections in lung and heart-lung transplant recipients. | fiberoptic bronchoscopy (fob) with bronchoalveolar lavage (bal) and transbronchial biopsies (tbb) is a widely used method to detect respiratory infections and to differentiate them from other postoperative complications in lung transplant (ltx) recipients, but the usefulness of surveillance fobs is not yet established. the aim of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of fob in the diagnosis and surveillance of infections in ltx recipients. we reviewed all the consecutive 609 fobs performed o ... | 2005 | 15819805 |
| lower cd4+ t lymphocyte nadirs may indicate limited immune reconstitution in hiv-1 infected individuals on potent antiretroviral therapy: analysis of immunophenotypic marker results of aactg 5067. | although initiation of potent antiretroviral therapy (art) has significantly improved immune perturbations in individuals with aids, it is unclear which factors are most important in determining the degree of immune reconstitution. | 2005 | 15821887 |
| study of patients diagnosed with advanced hiv in the haart era--omega cohort. | our objective is to analyse patients diagnosed with late-stage hiv infection in the highly active antiretroviral therapy (haart) area. a prospective, observational study of all patients with an initial cd4 < 50 x 10(6)/l was carried out. epidemiological, clinical and haart-associated data were analysed. survival rates were estimated and pairs of survival curves were compared. the statistical program used was spss (version 10). in all, 349 hiv-infected patients were diagnosed, 117 (33.5%) had lat ... | 2005 | 15829028 |
| interstitial lung disease and xerostomia as initial manifestations in a patient with human immunodeficiency virus infection. | a 56-year-old human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-infected man presented with progressive interstitial lung disease (ild) and lymphocyte infiltration of the salivary glands which mimicked autoimmune disease. pneumonia, which was very likely caused by pneumocystis carinii, developed after 3 courses of monthly methylprednisolone pulse therapy for ild. both enzyme immunoassay and western blot analysis confirmed the hiv infection. after antibiotic treatment, the pneumonia gradually resolved. autoimmu ... | 2005 | 15843861 |
| pneumocystis carinii activates the nf-kappab signaling pathway in alveolar epithelial cells. | pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (pcp) is a clinically important infection of immunocompromised patients. although the interaction of pneumocystis with the alveolar epithelium has been well documented, very little information regarding the epithelial response to pneumocystis is currently available. in order to study pneumocystis-epithelium interactions, a murine cell line derived specifically from an alveolar epithelial cell (aec) was utilized. the coculture of murine aecs with mouse pneumocystis ... | 2005 | 15845480 |
| ubiquinone synthesis in mitochondrial and microsomal subcellular fractions of pneumocystis spp.: differential sensitivities to atovaquone. | the lung pathogen pneumocystis spp. is the causative agent of a type of pneumonia that can be fatal in people with defective immune systems, such as aids patients. atovaquone, an analog of ubiquinone (coenzyme q [coq]), inhibits mitochondrial electron transport and is effective in clearing mild to moderate cases of the infection. purified rat-derived intact pneumocystis carinii cells synthesize de novo four coq homologs, coq7, coq8, coq9, and coq10, as demonstrated by the incorporation of radiol ... | 2005 | 16087753 |
| pulmonary complications in adult blood and marrow transplant recipients: autopsy findings. | to describe the pulmonary findings at autopsy of blood and bone marrow transplant (bmt) recipients. | 2005 | 16162733 |
| fdg-pet imaging in pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. | the authors present a case of a 26-year-old man, under investigation for cushing syndrome, who presented acutely with a dry cough and fever. the blood tests were unremarkable apart from a moderate to severe leukopenia. imaging tests were suggestive of an atypical pneumonia, which was proven to be pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (pcp) on cytology examination of a bronchoalveolar lavage (bal). the acute lung changes were demonstrated on a whole-body f-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (fdg) positron emission t ... | 2005 | 16166846 |
| (1-->3)-beta-d glucan is a diagnostic and negative prognostic marker for pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in patients with connective tissue disease. | to assess risk factors for p. carinii pneumonia (pcp) and compare the outcome of survivors and nonsurvivors in patients with various connective tissue diseases (ctd). | 2005 | 16173245 |
| food and drug administration drug approval summary: temozolomide plus radiation therapy for the treatment of newly diagnosed glioblastoma multiforme. | on march 15, 2005, the u.s. food and drug administration approved temozolomide (temodar capsules, schering-plough research institute) for the treatment of adult patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma multiforme concomitantly with radiotherapy and then as maintenance treatment. five hundred seventy-three glioblastoma multiforme patients were randomized to receive either temozolomide + radiotherapy (n = 287) or radiotherapy alone (n = 286). patients in the temozolomide + radiotherapy arm recei ... | 2005 | 16203762 |
| a prospective, non-randomised phase 1-2 trial of vacop-b with filgrastim support for hiv-related non-hodgkin's lymphoma. | non-hodgkin's lymphoma (nhl) remains an important complication of associated hiv infection despite advances in antiretroviral therapy (art), and the optimum chemotherapy regimen for this disease remains to be defined. a dose-escalation trial was performed to determine the maximum tolerated doses of etoposide and doxorubicin as part of the 12-week vacop-b regimen, supported by filgrastim (r-methug-csf). patients with aggressive histology hiv-related nhl who were previously untreated with chemothe ... | 2005 | 16216784 |
| pneumocystis carinii pneumonia on f-18 fdg pet. | 2005 | 16237310 | |
| immunodeficiency in the absence of high viral load in pig-tailed macaques infected with simian immunodeficiency virus sivsun or sivlhoest. | simian immunodeficiency virus (siv) is known to result in an asymptomatic infection of its natural african monkey host. however, some siv strains are capable of inducing aids-like symptoms and death upon experimental infection of asian macaques. to further investigate the virulence of natural siv isolates from african monkeys, pig-tailed (pt) macaques were inoculated intravenously with either of two recently discovered novel lentiviruses, sivlhoest and sivsun. both viruses were apparently apatho ... | 2005 | 16254339 |
| human pneumocystosis. | pneumocystis is an atypical fungus causing pneumonia in immuno-compromised individuals. though previously termed as pneumocystis carinii, the recent taxonomy has considered human derived pneumocystis to be a different species pneumocystis jiroveci. the organism is the most common cause of opportunistic infections among patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) in developed countries. incidence of pneumocystis pneumonia or pneumocystosis in developing countries including india conti ... | 2005 | 16255399 |
| hospitalizations for metabolic conditions, opportunistic infections, and injection drug use among hiv patients: trends between 1996 and 2000 in 12 states. | rapid changes in hiv epidemiology and highly active antiretroviral therapy (haart) may have resulted in recent changes in patterns of inpatient utilization. | 2005 | 16284539 |
| pneumocystis carinii pneumonia infection in a patient with known chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis. | chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis is a disorder of the skin, nails or mucous membranes in the absence of another cause of the infection. it is also associated with autoimmune endocrinopathies in 40% of patients. it is thought to be due to a t-cell defect, although no precise mechanism has been elucidated. there have been two previous cases of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia reported with this condition. we report a fatal case in a 34-year-old male. | 2005 | 15955158 |
| estimated economic losses of hospitalized aids patients at siriraj hospital from january 2003 to december 2003: time for aggressive voluntary counseling and hiv testing. | this retrospective study was performed to explore the pattern of adult hiv-infected patients admitted to siriraj hospital from january 2003 to december 2003 and estimated the economic losses of these patients. two hundred and forty four medical records were available for review. the proportion of male to female was 2 to 1. mean age of patients was 36.64 +/- 9.72 years. the mean cd4 count among 112 patients was 82.79 +/- 96.49 cell/mm3. one hundred and twenty four (50.82%) were newly diagnosed of ... | 2005 | 15962640 |
| gene arrays at pneumocystis carinii telomeres. | in the fungus pneumocystis carinii, at least three gene families (prt1, msr, and msg) have the potential to generate high-frequency antigenic variation, which is likely to be a strategy by which this parasitic fungus is able to prolong its survival in the rat lung. members of these gene families are clustered at chromosome termini, a location that fosters recombination, which has been implicated in selective expression of msg genes. to gain insight into the architecture, evolution, and regulatio ... | 2005 | 15965256 |
| [pneumocystis pneumonia (pcp)--pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (syn. pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia)]. | 2005 | 15973609 | |
| design, synthesis, and antifolate activity of new analogues of piritrexim and other diaminopyrimidine dihydrofolate reductase inhibitors with omega-carboxyalkoxy or omega-carboxy-1-alkynyl substitution in the side chain. | as part of a search for dihydrofolate reductase (dhfr) inhibitors combining the high potency of piritrexim (ptx) with the high antiparasitic vs mammalian selectivity of trimethoprim (tmp), the heretofore undescribed 2,4-diamino-6-(2',5'-disubstituted benzyl)pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidines 6-14 with o-(omega-carboxyalkyl) or omega-carboxy-1-alkynyl groups on the benzyl moiety were synthesized and tested against pneumocystis carinii, toxoplasma gondii, and mycobacterium avium dhfr vs rat dhfr. three n-(2 ... | 2005 | 15974594 |
| [serological diagnosis of pneumocystosis in the population of the republic of armenia]. | serological investigations were first conducted in apparently healthy children and adults for pneumocyctosis in the republic of armenia in 2001-2004. the investigations provided evidence for that some of them were found to have antibodies to pneumocystis carinii, which is indicative of the circulation of the pathogen of p. carinii infection among the population of armenia. there were high serological affliction rates of p. carinii among the population in the republic of armenia, which shows it n ... | 2005 | 15984614 |
| [opportunistic protozoa--the problem in immunodeficient patients]. | protozoan infections with a mild or asymptomatic course in immunocompetent individuals, in the case of immunocompromised patients could cause severe syndromes or fatal outcome. the different clinical course is possible to diagnose only with specific laboratory methods. actual settlements on the most often diagnosed in human opportunistic protozoan infections pathogenesis and diagnostics are presented. | 2005 | 15997648 |
| de novo mutation causing x-linked hyper-igm syndrome: a family study in taiwan. | x-linked hyper-igm syndrome (xhim) is a rare primary immunodeficiency disorder caused by mutations of the gene encoding the cd40 ligand (cd40l). it is characterized by recurrent infections with markedly decreased serum igg, iga and ige levels but normal or elevated igm levels. we report the clinical manifestations and complete immune studies in the first family with molecularly proven xhim in taiwan. a 5-month-old boy presented with rapidly progressive pneumonia which responded poorly to antibio ... | 2005 | 15997875 |
| a murine model of dual infection with cytomegalovirus and pneumocystis carinii: effects of virus-induced immunomodulation on disease progression. | despite the use of antimicrobial prophylaxis, cytomegalovirus (cmv) and pneumocystis carinii (pc) pneumonia (pcp) are both leading causes of morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised patients. it has previously been reported that cmv infection modulates host immune responses with a variety of mechanisms which include the suppression of helper t cell functions and antigen presenting cell (apc) functions, both of which are critical for pcp resolution. however, the mechanisms of these interactio ... | 2005 | 16002171 |
| mycophenolate mofetil may protect against pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in renal transplanted patients. | pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (pcp) is usually prevented in transplanted patients by prophylactic trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazol (tms). mycophenolate mofetil (mmf) has been shown to have a strong protective effect against pcp in rats. this effect is also suggested in humans by the absence of pcp in patients receiving mmf. after january 1998 mmf has been used with no tms prophylaxis in renal transplanted patients. in azathioprine (aza) treated patients tms prophylaxis was maintained. the incidence ... | 2005 | 16021287 |
| primary brain tumors treated with steroids and radiotherapy: low cd4 counts and risk of infection. | patients with primary brain tumors are often treated with high doses of corticosteroids for prolonged periods to reduce intracranial swelling and alleviate symptoms such as headaches. this treatment may lead to immunosuppression, placing the patient at risk of life-threatening opportunistic infections, such as pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. the risk of contracting some types of infection may be reduced with prophylactic antibiotics. the purpose of this study was to determine the occurrence of l ... | 2005 | 16029802 |
| [detection of pneumocystis carinii dna in rats by pcr-elisa]. | to establish a pcr-elisa and evaluate its use in detecting dna of pneumocystis carinii (p. c) in rat model. | 2005 | 16042208 |
| lipophilic antifolate trimetrexate is a potent inhibitor of trypanosoma cruzi: prospect for chemotherapy of chagas' disease. | trypanosoma cruzi, a protozoan parasite, is the causative agent for chagas' disease, which poses serious public health problem in latin america. the two drugs available for the treatment of this disease are effective only against recent infections and are toxic. dihydrofolate reductase (dhfr) has a proven track record as a drug target. the lipophilic antifolate trimetrexate (tmq), which is an fda-approved drug for the treatment of pneumocystis carinii infection in aids patients, is a potent inhi ... | 2005 | 16048931 |
| trans insertion-splicing: ribozyme-catalyzed insertion of targeted sequences into rnas. | a group i intron-derived ribozyme from pneumocystis carinii has been previously shown to bind an exogenous rna substrate, splice out an internal segment, and then ligate the two ends back together (the trans excision-splicing reaction). we demonstrate that this same ribozyme can perform a trans insertion-splicing (tis) reaction, where the ribozyme binds two exogenous rna substrates and inserts one directly into the other. reactions were optimized for both yield and rate, with optimum reactions c ... | 2005 | 16060679 |
| hiv-associated retinopathy in the haart era. | the effectiveness of highly active antiretroviral therapy (haart) in restoring immune function in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) has led to changes in the incidence, natural history, management, and sequelae of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-associated retinopathies, especially cytomegalovirus (cmv) retinitis. | 2005 | 16077362 |
| hiv-1 nef mediates post-translational down-regulation and redistribution of the mannose receptor. | human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) has derived a variety of means to evade the host immune response. hiv-derived proteins, including tat, nef, and env, have all been reported to decrease expression of host molecules such as cd4 and major histocompatibility complex i, which would assist in limiting viral replication. the mannose receptor (mr) on the surface of macrophages and dendritic cells (dc) has been proposed to function as an effective antigen-capture molecule, as well as a receptor for ent ... | 2005 | 15637102 |
| recommendations for use of certican (everolimus) after heart transplantation: results from a german and austrian consensus conference. | the certican consensus conference has produced guidelines to help physicians apply certican (everolimus) clinical trial data in clinical practice. everolimus is indicated in combination with cyclosporine microemulsion (csa; neoral) and corticosteroids for prophylaxis of acute rejection after heart transplantation. it has also shown efficacy for prevention of cardiac allograft vasculopathy. further indications for use pertain to patients with chronic renal failure, to allow reduced calcineurin in ... | 2005 | 15774322 |
| clinical profile of pediatric hiv infection from india. | our aim was to study the clinical profile of pediatric patients admitted with hiv infection. | 2005 | 15777991 |
| insurance coverage, usual source of care, and receipt of clinically indicated care for comorbid conditions among adults living with human immunodeficiency virus. | associations of insurance coverage and source of care with use of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-related health, mental health, and substance abuse services are examined in a large, diverse, highly active antiretroviral therapy-era cohort. | 2005 | 15778643 |
| activity of hoechst 33258 against pneumocystis carinii f. sp. muris, candida albicans, and candida dubliniensis. | hoechst 33258 is a compound that binds nucleic acids. we report that hoechst 33258 exhibits antimicrobial activity against pneumocystis carinii f. sp. muris in a mouse model for p. carinii pneumonia and against candida albicans and candida dubliniensis in vitro. relative to saline treatment, a 14-day, daily treatment of mice with 37.5 mg of hoechst 33258/kg of body weight after inoculation with p. carinii reduced by about 100-fold the number of p. carinii organisms detected by either pcr or by m ... | 2005 | 15793106 |
| parasitic infections in hiv-infected patients who visited seoul national university hospital during the period 1995-2003. | the prevalence of parasitic infections was investigated in human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-infected patients (n = 105) who visited seoul national university hospital, seoul, korea, during the period from 1995 to 2003. fecal samples were collected from 67 patients for intestinal parasite examinations, and sputum or bronchoalveolar lavage samples from 60 patients for examination of pneumocystis carinii. both samples were obtained from 22 patients. thirty-three (31.4%) of the 105 were found to h ... | 2005 | 15793352 |
| challenges in the provision of icu services to hiv infected children in resource poor settings: a south african case study. | the hiv/aids epidemic has placed increasing demands on limited paediatric intensive care services in developing countries. the decision to admit hiv infected children with pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (pcp) into the paediatric intensive care unit (picu) has to be made on the best available evidence of outcome and the ethical principles guiding appropriate use of scarce resources. the difficulty in confirming the diagnosis of hiv infection and pcp in infancy, issues around hiv counselling, and ... | 2005 | 15800364 |
| is pneumocystis carinii pneumonia after stem cell transplantations a contagious disease? | we report of twins who underwent hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (hsct) for neonatal acute leukemia. hospitalized in the same room from the time the first one demonstrated respiratory symptoms, they both developed pneumocystis jiroveci (formerly carinii) pneumonia (pcp) 2 wk apart. this observation suggests that pcp may be a contagious disease in hsct recipients. this may be especially true for infants and young children who are at risk of primary p. jiroveci infection, and should be avo ... | 2005 | 15877810 |
| inhibition of surfactant activity by pneumocystis carinii organisms and components in vitro. | this study examines the direct inhibitory effects of pneumocystis carinii (pc) organisms and chemical components on the surface activity and composition of whole calf lung surfactant (wls) and calf lung surfactant extract (clse) in vitro. incubation of wls suspensions with intact pc organisms (10(7) per milligram of surfactant phospholipid) did not significantly alter total phospholipid levels or surfactant protein a content. incubation with intact pc organisms also did not impair dynamic surfac ... | 2005 | 15886399 |
| successful treatment of cmv ventriculitis immune reconstitution syndrome. | 2005 | 15897524 | |
| 5' transcript replacement in vitro catalyzed by a group i intron-derived ribozyme. | group i intron-derived ribozymes can perform a variety of catalytic reactions, including the replacement of the 3' end of a mutant rna transcript with a corrected version of the transcript [sullenger, b. a., and cech, t. r. (1994) nature 371, 619-622]. we now demonstrate in vitro that a ribozyme, derived from a pneumocystis carinii group i intron, can replace the 5' end of a targeted exogenous rna with an endogenous rna. our model system is a short synthetic mimic of a k-ras transcript, in which ... | 2005 | 15909994 |
| re-examination of inhibitor resistance conferred by qo-site mutations in cytochrome b using yeast as a model system. | cytochrome b from yeast (saccharomyces cerevisiae meyer ex hansen) provides a convenient model system for the study of qo-site inhibitor (qoi) resistance mutations from a variety of organisms. qoi resistance mutations from fungal plant pathogens (g143a and f129l), malaria agent plasmodium sp (y279c/s), and pneumocystis carinii (l275f), an opportunistic pathogenic fungus of man, were introduced into yeast cytochrome b and their effect on the binding of a variety of natural (myxothiazol and stigma ... | 2005 | 15912560 |
| lung transplantation for cystic fibrosis: 6-year follow-up. | lung transplantation is currently the most effective means of improving survival and quality of life in patients with end-stage cystic fibrosis. in reviewing our 6-year experience we sought to evaluate complications and survival after sequential bilateral lung transplantation. between october 1996 and october 2002, 114 patients with cystic fibrosis were referred to us from 15 italian regional centers and 2 support centers for cystic fibrosis as possible candidates for lung transplantation. of th ... | 2005 | 15914093 |
| increased risk of pneumocystis carinii and community-acquired pneumonia with tobacco use in hiv disease. | tobacco smoking-related diseases continue to be of great health concern for the public, in general, and may be particularly deleterious for immunosuppressed hiv-positive individuals, who exhibit widespread tobacco use. | 2005 | 15916913 |
| the findings of surgical lung biopsy in hiv patients in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy. | surgical lung biopsy (slb) is rarely necessary in the evaluation of pulmonary infiltrates in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv). the aim of this study is to describe the findings of slb in a recent cohort of hiv-infected patients with unexplained pulmonary infiltrates, and determine the impact of this procedure on management and outcome of these patients. | 2005 | 15919273 |
| adjuvant chemoradiation using 5-fluorouracil/folinic acid/cisplatin with or without paclitaxel and radiation in patients with completely resected high-risk gastric cancer: two cooperative phase ii studies of the aio/aro/aco. | the current two studies evaluate the feasibility, toxicity and efficacy of an adjuvant combined modality treatment strategy containing a three to four-drug chemotherapy regimen plus 5-fluorouracil (fu)-based radiochemotherapy. | 2005 | 15919686 |
| necrotizing vasculopathy of the cns: case report. | a 62-year-old man with progressive cerebellar and brainstem dysfunction had gadolinium-enhancing lesions in basal ganglia and occipital lobe on mri suggestive of primary cns lymphoma (pcnsl). the patient, who had been treated with high-dose steroid hormones for several months, developed respiratory failure and expired before a histological diagnosis could be obtained. the postmortem examination showed pneumocystis cariniiwas the cause of death. pathology of the brain showed a necrotizing vasculo ... | 2005 | 15926001 |
| immunosuppression and infectious complications in patients with stage iv indolent lymphoma treated with a fludarabine, mitoxantrone, and dexamethasone regimen. | myelosuppression and immunosuppression occur with purine analogs. the objective of the current study was to investigate the effects of combined fludarabine, mitoxantrone, and dexamethasone (fnd) followed by interferon/dexamethasone on myelosuppression (absolute neutrophil counts), immunosuppression (cd4 and cd8 counts), and infectious complications in patients with previously untreated, stage iv indolent lymphoma. | 2005 | 15948158 |
| clinical features, etiology and short term outcomes of interstitial pneumonitis in hiv/aids patients. | a prospective study was conducted at bamrasnaradura hospital, nonthaburi province, thailand from november 11, 2002 to january 5, 2003. a total of 59 hiv/aids patients with interstitial infiltrates on chest radiographs were included in the study. the objectives of this study were to describe the clinical manifestations and determine the etiologies of interstitial pneumonitis, assess the short-term outcomes and determine the accuracy of the clinical diagnosis of the etiologies of interstitial pneu ... | 2005 | 16610649 |
| leflunomide-related lung injury in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: imaging features. | imaging findings of 26 cases of leflunomide (arava)-related acute lung injury were analyzed. thirteen cases had pre-existing interstitial pulmonary disease on chest x-ray or computed tomography. the main features of clinically determined leflunomide-induced acute lung injury were similar to those caused by other drugs: diffuse or widespread patchy ground-glass opacities and/or consolidation, frequently accompanied by septal thickening and intralobular reticular opacities. we categorized these fi ... | 2005 | 17029058 |
| clinical characteristics of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in patients with connective tissue diseases. | the characteristics of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (pcp) in patients with connective tissue diseases (ctds) were examined retrospectively. nine patients were enrolled in this study. their mean age was 57.1 years. all the patients received a high-dose steroid or immunosuppressant. the onset (mean 6.6 days) of fever, cough, breathlessness, and geographical ground-glass opacities revealed by chest computed tomography was acute. the serum beta-d: -glucan level increased with a simultaneous increa ... | 2005 | 17029061 |
| pentamidine-induced long qt syndrome and block of herg trafficking. | the diamidine pentamidine is used to treat leishmaniasis, trypanosomiasis, and pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. treatment may be accompanied by prolongation of the qt interval of the electrocardiogram and torsades de pointes tachycardias. up to now, it has been thought that therapeutic compounds causing qt prolongation are associated with direct block of the cardiac potassium channel human ether a-go-go-related gene (herg), which encodes the alpha subunit of cardiac i(kr) currents. we show that p ... | 2005 | 15340016 |
| methemoglobinemia in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (all) receiving dapsone for pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (pcp) prophylaxis: a correlation with cytochrome b5 reductase (cb5r) enzyme levels. | dapsone is commonly used for pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (pcp) prophylaxis in immunocompromised patients. methemoglobinemia is a known complication of dapsone, but its true frequency and pathogenesis in childhood cancer patients are unknown. additionally, practice guidelines for evaluation and management of dapsone-induced methemoglobinemia are not available. | 2005 | 15390276 |
| tests for treatment group differences in the hazards for survival, before and after the occurrence of an intermediate event. | in many settings, one would expect that the hazard for a terminal event would change with the occurrence of an intermediate event. for example, in an aids clinical trial, it is of interest to assess whether there is a difference between treatments in the hazards for death prior to drop in karnofsky performance score and in the hazards subsequent to the drop in karnofsky score. tests for the effect of treatment on these hazard functions, separately or jointly, are useful in conjunction with tests ... | 2005 | 15568187 |
| modulation of proinflammatory responses to pneumocystis carinii f. sp. muris in neonatal mice by granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and il-4: role of apcs. | clearance of pneumocystis carinii f. sp. muris (pc) organisms from the lungs of neonatal mice is delayed due to failure of initiation of inflammation over the first 3 wk after infection. the ability of neonatal lung cd11c(+) dendritic cells (dcs) to induce ag-specific t cell proliferative responses was significantly reduced compared with adult lung dcs. however, neonatal bone marrow-derived dcs were as competent at presenting pc ag as were adult bone marrow-derived dcs. because gm-csf mrna expre ... | 2005 | 15611269 |
| molecular recognition in a trans excision-splicing ribozyme: non-watson-crick base pairs at the 5' splice site and omegag at the 3' splice site can play a role in determining the binding register of reaction substrates. | trans excision-splicing (tes) ribozymes, derived from a pneumocystis carinii group i intron, can catalyze the excision of targeted sequences from within rnas. in this report, the sequence requirements of the splice sites are analyzed. these conserved sequences include a u-g wobble pair at the 5' splice site and a guanosine in the omega position at the 3' splice site (in the substrate). we report that 7 out of 16 base pair combinations at the 5' splice site produce appreciable tes product. this p ... | 2005 | 15654763 |
| regulatory cells and the control of respiratory infection. | the role of distinct cd4+ t-cell populations in regulating the nature and strength of immune responses is well documented, and has in the past principally focused on the mutual antagonism between th1 and th2 cells, which secrete interferon (ifn)-gamma and interleukin (il)-4, respectively. however, the recent identification of t cells that secrete high levels of il-10 and/or transforming growth factor-b, but not ifn-g or il-4, called regulatory t (tr) cells has prompted a paradigm shift in our un ... | 2005 | 15659263 |
| effect of nicotine on lung s-adenosylmethionine and development of pneumocystis pneumonia. | because s-adenosylmethionine (adomet) is required by pneumocystis carinii in vitro, pneumocystis infection depletes plasma adomet of rats and humans, nicotine reduces adomet of guinea pig lungs, and smoking correlates with reduced episodes of pneumocystis pneumonia (pcp) in aids patients, we tested the effect of nicotine treatment on pcp using a rat model. intraperitoneal infusion of 400 microg of r-(+) nicotine kg(-1) h(-1) intraperitoneal for 21 days caused a 15-fold reduction in lung adomet a ... | 2005 | 15668255 |
| congenital diaphragmatic hernia complicated by tension gastrothorax during gastroscopy: report of a case. | bochdalek's hernia typically manifests early in childhood, but it is uncommon in adults. we report the case of a 77-year-old woman who suffered sudden acute cardiorespiratory distress during an upper gastro-intestinal endoscopy, caused by a massive gastrothorax, confirmed by a chest radiograph and thoracic computed tomography. laparotomy revealed a posterolateral diaphragmatic defect and an acutely distended stomach occupying the left hemithorax, caused by an incomplete organoaxial volvulus of t ... | 2005 | 15674498 |
| bronchoalveolar lavage in immunocompromised patients with haematological malignancy--value of new microbiological methods. | to assess the usefulness of new culture-independent microbiological methods to analyse bronchoalveolar lavage (bal) fluid from haematological patients with clinical pneumonia. | 2005 | 15693789 |
| study of the cost-effectiveness of three staining methods for identification of pneumocystis carinii in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. | 2005 | 15712538 | |
| respiratory failure due to pneumocystis carinii following methotrexate therapy for gestational trophoblastic disease. | 2005 | 15713161 | |
| [disseminated pneumocystis carinii in a patient treated with immunosuppressive drugs]. | 2005 | 15718021 | |
| managed care for aids patients: is bigger better? | medicaid provides funds for the majority of aids-related health care services in the united states. in an effort to stabilize steeply rising medicaid costs, managed care programs are replacing traditional fee-for-service medicaid services. | 2005 | 15735455 |
| an evaluation of a medical outreach program targeting unstably housed hiv-infected individuals. | the objective of this study was to evaluate a medical outreach program that targets unstably housed human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-infected individuals. one hundred sixty-one cross-sectional interviews were conducted prior to and after establishing a medical outreach program in single room occupancy hotels. participants' mean age was 42 years; 58% were men, 95% minority, and 59% active substance users. the postintervention group was more likely to have a regular health care provider (p = 0.0 ... | 2005 | 15741714 |
| comfa and comsia analyses of pneumocystis carinii dihydrofolate reductase, toxoplasma gondii dihydrofolate reductase, and rat liver dihydrofolate reductase. | in a continuing effort to develop potent and selective dihydrofolate reductase (dhfr) inhibitors against opportunistic pathogens, we developed three-dimensional quantitative structure-activity relationship (3d qsar) models for the inhibitory activity against pneumocystis carinii (pc) dhfr, toxoplasma gondii (tg) dhfr, and rat liver dhfr, using a data set of 179 structurally diverse compounds. to ensure a balanced distribution of more potent and less potent drugs in the training set, three differ ... | 2005 | 15743188 |
| pneumocystis cell wall beta-glucans stimulate alveolar epithelial cell chemokine generation through nuclear factor-kappab-dependent mechanisms. | exuberant inflammatory responses are associated with respiratory failure during pneumocystis pneumonia. alveolar epithelial cells (aecs) promote pneumocystis attachment and proliferation, but also contribute prominently to host cytokine-mediated inflammation during pneumonia. recent investigations indicate that aecs produce macrophage inflammatory protein-2 (mip-2) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (tnf-alpha) following challenge with pneumocystis carinii. nuclear factor-kappab (nf-kappab) is a ub ... | 2005 | 15746433 |
| mode of detection of hiv infection - a retrospective study of 612 cases. | trends in mode of detection of hiv infection in the armed forces required to be analyzed to formulate future strategies for early detection. | 2005 | 27407763 |
| molecular and phenotypic description of pneumocystis wakefieldiae sp. nov., a new species in rats. | organisms in the genus pneumocystis are fungi that reside in the lungs of mammals that can cause a lethal pneumonia once the hosts lose immune function. the genus pneumocystis contains many members, but only two species have been described formally to date, p. carinii, the type species found in rats, and p. jirovecii, resident in human beings. rats have been shown to harbor another organism in addition to p. carinii, pneumocystis wakefieldiae sp. nov., formerly known as pneumocystis carinii f. s ... | 2004 | 21148866 |
| [pneumocystis carinii--diagnosis based on dna amplification technique]. | pneumocystis carinii f. sp. hominis is an important cause morbidity and morality, causing p. carinii pneumonia (pcp) in aids and other immunocompromised patients. long thought of as protozoan, molecular analysis of the ribosomal gene locus first demonstrated that p. carinii is a member of the fungal kingdom. currently p. carinii is considered to be fungus likely to ascomycetes, based on its ultrastructure, certain elements of its cellular biology, and nucleotide sequences of main genetic loci. t ... | 2004 | 15754651 |
| [new aspects of epidemiology and treatment of pneumocystis carinii infection]. | pneumocystis carinii is an opportunistic eukaryotic pathogen most common causing pneumonia in immunocompromised host. dna p. carinii f. sp. hominis has been frequently detected in air samples collected from environments of p. carinii pneumonia (pcp) patients and nasal swabs samples from contact health care workers and family. epidemiological studies suggested not-only the possibility of person-to-person infection transmission. first hypothesis of reactivation latent infection of the causing the ... | 2004 | 15754652 |
| vad with or without subsequent high-dose melphalan followed by autologous stem cell support in al amyloidosis: japanese experience and criteria for patient selection. | patients with al amyloidosis were treated with vad (vincristine, doxorubicin and dexamethasone) with or without high-dose melphalan followed by auto-pbsct according to eligibility criteria based on disease severity, and prospectively investigated the therapeutic benefits and complications. thirty-one patients were enrolled in this study. vad and subsequent high-dose melphalan with auto-pbsct were performed only in patients who met all of the eligibility criteria. among patients ineligible for th ... | 2004 | 15678759 |
| toll-like receptors as key mediators in innate antifungal immunity. | the toll protein of drosophila is a transmembrane receptor involved in dorsoventral polarization during embryonic development and recognition of infection. in mammals, toll-like receptors (tlrs) constitute a novel protein family involved in innate immunity and respond to a wide spectrum of microorganisms, including fungi, bacteria, viruses, and protozoa. specific agonists for nine of the ten members of the human tlr family have been described to date. tlrs as well as the tlr-associated adaptor m ... | 2004 | 15682636 |
| genotoxic evaluation of the antimalarial drug, fansidar, in cultured human lymphocytes. | fansidar (pyrimethamine-sulfadoxine) has been used extensively worldwide for the treatment of chloroquine resistant plasmodium falciparum malaria, toxoplasmosis and pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. because of the wide usage of pyrimethamine-sulfadoxine in developing countries and the lake of information from open literature and reports from manufacturers about the genotoxicity of such antimalarial drug, the present work was suggested. the po ... | 2004 | 15685933 |
| role of multiple induced sputum examination in the diagnosis of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. | we evaluated the usefulness of repeated nebulized saline induced sputum examinations among 60 hiv infected patients clinically suspected to have pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (pcp). we found that the first sample was positive for 15 episodes (21.4%); the second sample was positive in 33 episodes (47.1%); the third sample was positive in 22 episodes (31.4%). repeated nebulized saline induced sputum examination imporved the yield of pneumocystis carinii and enhanced the sensitivity of a positive ... | 2004 | 15689091 |
| umbelliferone aminoalkyl derivatives as inhibitors of oxidosqualene cyclases from saccharomyces cerevisiae, trypanosoma cruzi, and pneumocystis carinii. | a series of umbelliferone aminoalkyl derivatives, previously studied as inhibitors of squalene-hopene cyclase, were tested as inhibitors of yeast (saccharomyces cerevisiae) oxidosqualene cyclase (osc) and osc from trypanosoma cruzi and pneumocystis carinii expressed in yeast. enzymes from these pathogens were included in this study to provide a preliminary screening for antiparasitic activity. tests were carried out both on cell homogenates incubated with radiolabeled oxidosqualene and on sphero ... | 2004 | 15691023 |
| comparison of atovaquone and azithromycin with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole for the prevention of serious bacterial infections in children with hiv infection. | trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (tmp-smz) has been used extensively for the prevention of pneumocystis carinii (also referred to as "pneumocystis jiroveci") pneumonia (pcp) and other opportunistic infections in human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-infected children. because the efficacy of tmp-smz for treatment of bacterial infections is limited, it is sometimes poorly tolerated, and there is risk of emergence of drug-resistant strains associated with widespread use, we evaluated a regimen that incl ... | 2004 | 15614703 |
| primary structure of dihydrofolate reductase and mitochondrial ribosomal protein l36 genes from the basidiomycete coprinus cinereus. | we amplified and sequenced the dihydrofolate reductase (dhfr) gene of the basidiomycete coprinus cinereus. downstream of the dhfr coding region, a mitochondrial (mt) ribosomal protein l36 (rpl36) gene was discovered in the opposite orientation to dhfr gene. putative polyadenylation signals of the two genes overlapped, both containing the 8-bp palindrome 5'-aatatatt-3'. the finding that c. cinereus dhfr gene is closely clustered with a mt protein gene strongly suggests that c. cinereus dhfr is cl ... | 2004 | 15620217 |
| impact of a statewide medicaid managed care system on healthcare utilization and outcomes for people living with hiv. | medicaid managed care (mmc) systems provide insurance for many persons living with hiv and aids (plwh). this study sought to assess the impact of a statewide mmc system (tenncare) on healthcare utilization and outcomes for plwh. | 2004 | 15599325 |
| iron chelator daphnetin against pneumocystis carinii in vitro. | although there are several drugs and drug combinations for the treatment of pneumocystis carinii (p. carinii) pneumonia, all drugs have the toxicity as well as low efficacy. iron chelators have been proposed as a source of new drugs for combating these infections. we hypothesized that iron chelators would suppress the growth of p. carinii by deprivation of the nutritional iron required for growth. in this study, a short-term axenic culture system of p. carinii was established. daphnetin (7,8-dih ... | 2004 | 15569490 |
| [utility of bronchoalveolar lavage in immunocompromised children: diagnostic yield and complications]. | immunocompromised children are at high risk for developing pneumonia due to opportunistic pathogens. the role of bronchoalveolar lavage (bal) in the evaluation of such patients is still controversial. | 2004 | 15574271 |
| fatal pneumocystis pneumonia with good syndrome and pure red cell aplasia. | 2004 | 15578389 | |
| pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in patients with ulcerative colitis. | 2004 | 15580408 | |
| [diagnosis and therapy of pneumocystosis complicated after renal transplantation]. | to investigate the early diagnosis, treatment and prevention of pneumocystosis complicated after renal transplantation. | 2004 | 15587162 |
| detection of pneumocystis carinii f. sp. hominis and viruses in presumably immunocompetent infants who died in the hospital or in the community. | fresh-frozen lung and tracheal-aspirate specimens obtained from 112 infants who died in santiago, chile, during 1998-2000 were analyzed for the presence of pneumocystis dna, by use of nested dna amplification of the large subunit mitochondrial rrna, and for the presence of viruses, by use of culture and immunofluorescence. pneumocystis dna was detected in specimens from 45 (51.7%) of 87 infants who died in the community and from 5 (20%) of 25 infants who died in the hospital (p=.006). primary in ... | 2004 | 15593013 |
| three-dimensional quantitative structure-activity and structure-selectivity relationships of dihydrofolate reductase inhibitors. | three-dimensional quantitative structure-activity relationship (3d-qsar) modelling using comparative molecular similarity indices analysis (comsia) was applied to a series of 406 structurally diverse dihydrofolate reductase (dhfr) inhibitors from pneumocystis carinii (pc) and rat liver (rl). x-ray crystal structures of three inhibitors bound to pcdhfr were used for defining the alignment rule. for pcdhfr, a qsar model containing 6 components was selected using leave-10%-out cross-validation (n= ... | 2004 | 15595459 |
| pcr diagnosis of pneumocystis carinii on sputum and bronchoalveolar lavage samples in immuno-compromised patients. | the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) technique was compared with wright-giemsa (wg), gomori methenamine silver (gms) stains and an immunofluorescence assay (ifa) for detection of pneumocystis carinii in immuno-compromised patients. specimens of 21 bronchoalveolar lavages (bal) and 139 sputum samples, were obtained from 157 patients (38 with aids and 119 with hiv) from four hospitals in khon kaen, thailand. a true positive required at least two positives by techniques considered gold standard test ... | 2004 | 15340838 |
| novel bisbenzamidines as potential drug candidates for the treatment of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. | a series of pentamidine congeners has been synthesized and screened for their in vitro activity against pneumocystis carinii. among the tested compounds, bisbenzamidines linked by a flexible pentanediamide or hexanediamide chain (7 and 9) emerged as exceptionally potent agents that were more effective and less toxic than pentamidine in the assays described in this study. | 2004 | 15357989 |
| pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in a patient without a predisposing illness: case report and review. | a case of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in a patient without an underlying immunosuppressing condition is reported, and 12 other previously reported cases are reviewed. when compared with pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in association with aids and in other immunosuppressing conditions, pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in patients without predisposing conditions resembles more closely that seen in immunosuppressing conditions other than aids. | 2004 | 15370678 |
| the fungal dna examination is useful as a sensitive parameter for the initiation and the quit of antifungal therapy in immunocompromised pediatric patients after surgery. | the purpose of this study is whether the fungal deoxyribonucleic acid (dna) examination is useful as a sensitive parameter for pediatric surgical patients with mycosis. the eleven episodes of five cases (4 cases; progressive liver disease after biliary atresia operation, 1 case; short bowel syndrome and long term total parenteral nutrition with megacystis microcolon intestinal hypoperistalsis syndrome) with mycosis were divided into two groups according to the difference of therapeutic protocols ... | 2004 | 15373229 |
| unique biosynthesis of dehydroquinic acid? | a search of the genomic sequences of the thermophilic microorganisms aquifex aeolicus, archaeoglobus fulgidus, methanobacterium thermoautotrophicum, and methanococcus jannaschii for the first seven enzymes (arog, b, d, e, k, a, and c ) involved in the shikimic acid biosynthetic pathway reveal two key enzymes are missing. the first enzyme in the pathway, 3-deoxy-d-arabino-heptulosonic acid 7-phosphate synthase (arog) and the second enzyme in the pathway, 5-dehydroquinic acid synthase (arob) are " ... | 2004 | 15381397 |
| enhanced lung injury and delayed clearance of pneumocystis carinii in surfactant protein a-deficient mice: attenuation of cytokine responses and reactive oxygen-nitrogen species. | surfactant protein a (sp-a), a member of the collectin family, selectively binds to pneumocystis carinii and mediates interactions between pathogen and host alveolar macrophages in vitro. to test the hypothesis that mice lacking sp-a have delayed clearance of pneumocystis organisms and enhanced lung injury, wild-type c57bl/6 (wt) and sp-a-deficient mice (sp-a(-/-)) with or without selective cd4(+)-t-cell depletion were intratracheally inoculated with pneumocystis organisms. four weeks later, cd4 ... | 2004 | 15385504 |
| phenyl substitution of furamidine markedly potentiates its anti-parasitic activity against trypanosoma cruzi and leishmania amazonensis. | furamidine (db75) and related unfused aromatic diamidines have proven useful for the treatment of parasitic infections. these compounds were primarily developed to combat infections by pneumocystis carinii and african trypanosomes but they are also active against other parasites. here we have investigated the in vitro effects of db75 and its phenyl-substituted analog db569 on two kinetoplastid haemoflagellates trypanosomatidae: trypanosoma cruzi and leishmania (l) amazonensis. the phenyl-amidine ... | 2004 | 15276066 |
| infectious complications and outcomes after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in korea. | we reviewed 242 allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (hsct) recipients retrospectively over a 2-year period (january 1998-december 1999) in order to analyze the characteristics and assess the outcomes of infectious complications in patients after hsct in korea. bacteria were the major pathogens before engraftment, and viral and fungal infections predominated during the post-engraftment period. varicella zoster virus was the most common viral pathogen after engraftment. cytomegalovi ... | 2004 | 15286689 |
| [collagen diseases with opportunistic infections]. | treatment of opportunistic infections emerging in collagen diseases is very important as well as the therapy of original diseases. lung tuberculosis, pneumocystis carinii and lung fungal infections are main opportunistic infections. there is effective prophylaxis against them, though the cases for their administration should be carefully chosen because of their adverse effects. we have administrated inh and st (sulphomethoxazole and trimethoprim) more than 15 years as the prophylaxis against tub ... | 2004 | 15291252 |
| improvement of skin sclerosis after occurrence of anticentromere antibody in a patient with diffuse cutaneous systemic sclerosis. | a 38-year-old woman had noticed sclerodactylia and raynaud's phenomenon 10 months before consultation. she was diagnosed as having systemic sclerosis (ssc) based on the skin sclerosis of her arms, chest, and face. antinuclear antibody (ana) level was 1:1280 with a speckled pattern, but specific autoantibodies were negative. following the treatment with oral prednisolone and d-penicillamine, her skin sclerosis gradually improved. three months after initiation of prednisolone, she presented pneumo ... | 2004 | 15293097 |