Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| [the effects of the primary growth of two ryegrasses on the dynamics of changes in digestibility and feed intake by sheep]. | dynamics of changes in digestibility and feed intake by sheep of two ryegrass species during primary growth environmental impacts can cause short-term variations in chemical composition and feeding value of grass swards during growth and maturation and induce concomitant changes of intake of these grasses by animals. continuous digestion trials are effective in observing the dynamics of these variations. therefore this study was conducted to evaluate the effects of maturity-related alterations i ... | 2001 | 11906563 |
| the effect of applying sodium fertilizer on the rate of digestion of perennial ryegrass and white clover incubated in rumen liquor, with implications for ruminal tympany in cattle. | a high herbage k:na ratio increases the risk of ruminal tympany in cattle, which may relate to digestion rate. experiment 1 examined whether in vitro digestibility of ryegrass was affected by nacl fertilizer or by na concentration in artificial saliva. fertilizer na increased grass digestibility, but na in artificial saliva decreased it, probably due to the energy cost of sodium exclusion from bacteria. increased herbage digestibility with fertilizer na is therefore not due to additional na, but ... | 2001 | 11145830 |
| a terminal flower1-like gene from perennial ryegrass involved in floral transition and axillary meristem identity. | control of flowering and the regulation of plant architecture have been thoroughly investigated in a number of well-studied dicot plants such as arabidopsis, antirrhinum, and tobacco. however, in many important monocot seed crops, molecular information on plant reproduction is still limited. to investigate the regulation of meristem identity and the control of floral transition in perennial ryegrass (lolium perenne) we isolated a ryegrass terminal flower1-like gene, lptfl1, and characterized it ... | 2001 | 11244130 |
| association between feeding perennial ryegrass (lolium perenne cultivar grasslands impact) containing high concentrations of ergovaline, and health and productivity in a herd of lactating dairy cows. | perennial ryegrasses are frequently infected with fungal endophyte (neotyphodium lolii) to increase the resistance of the plant to insect damage. unfortunately, a side effect of endophyte infection can be the production of alkaloids, including lolitrem b and ergovaline, that produce toxic effects in animals. a significant 4.6 litre decrease in milk production in a herd of holstein-friesian dairy cows was associated with high concentrations of ergovaline in ryegrass silage. simultaneously, milk s ... | 2001 | 11349413 |
| correlation of endophyte toxins (ergovaline and lolitrem b) with clinical disease: fescue foot and perennial ryegrass staggers. | fescue foot, summer syndrome, reproductive problems, and ryegrass staggers are all diseases of livestock related to endophyte toxins in pasture grasses. range finding experiments and case studies of fescue foot relative to ergovaline toxin found in endophyte infected tall fescue and lolitrem b present in endophyte infected perennial ryegrass were conducted. within 42 d of initiating a feeding trial with chopped tall fescue straw containing 825 ppb ergovaline and at environmental temperatures of ... | 2001 | 11383653 |
| release of allergen-bearing cytoplasm from hydrated pollen: a mechanism common to a variety of grass (poaceae) species revealed by electron microscopy. | the release of submicronic particles from grass pollen after rainfall was suggested to be responsible for outbreaks of grass pollen asthma. recently, we provided evidence for the release of respirable allergen-bearing particles from hydrated ryegrass (lolium perenne ) pollen as a possible explanation for this phenomenon. | 2001 | 11447390 |
| adaptation of ruminococcus flavefaciens resulting in increased degradation of ryegrass cell walls. | this study investigated the long term adaptation of a ruminal bacterium to growth on four different plant cell wall substrates. no significant increase in degradation was detected for lucerne, barley straw or weeping lovegrass after 23 serial subcultures of the cellulolytic rumen bacterium ruminococcus flavefaciens strain 17 on each of these substrates. significantly increased substrate degradation by r. flavefaciens strain 17 was however observed after 23 subcultures on perennial ryegrass. the ... | 2001 | 11451517 |
| allergen-induced basophil activation: cd63 cell expression detected by flow cytometry in patients allergic to dermatophagoides pteronyssinus and lolium perenne. | in this study, we determined by flow cytometry the percentage of basophils activated after in vitro stimulation by allergens and expressing the cd63 marker. the diagnostic reliability of the technique was assessed as well as its correlation with other in vitro diagnostic parameters. | 2001 | 11467990 |
| surface runoff pollution by cattle slurry and inorganic fertilizer spreading: chemical oxygen demand, ortho-phosphates, and electrical conductivity levels for different buffer strip lengths. | as a way of dealing with the removal of pollutants from farming practices generated wastewater in the eu, we investigate the effect of spreading cattle slurry and inorganic fertiliser on 8 x 5 m2 and 8 x 3 m2 areas, referred to surface runoff chemical oxygen demand (cod), ortho-phosphates (o-p) and electrical conductivity (ec) levels, and the efficiency of grass buffer strips of various lengths in removing pollutants from runoff. the experimental plot was a 15% sloped lolium perenne pasture. sur ... | 2001 | 11496670 |
| elimination of ergovaline from a grass-neotyphodium endophyte symbiosis by genetic modification of the endophyte. | the fungal endophytes neotyphodium lolii and neotyphodium sp. lp1 from perennial ryegrass (lolium perenne), and related endophytes in other grasses, produce the ergopeptine toxin ergovaline, among other alkaloids, while also increasing plant fitness and resistance to biotic and abiotic stress. in the related fungus, claviceps purpurea, the biosynthesis of ergopeptines requires the activities of two peptide synthetases, lps1 and lps2. a peptide synthetase gene hypothesized to be important for erg ... | 2001 | 11592979 |
| detection of endophyte toxins in the imported perennial ryegrass straw. | from 1997 to 1999, 29 cases of disorders were detected in cattle and horses that had been fed ryegrass straw imported from the u.s.a. these animals showed symptoms resembling ryegrass staggers and the clinical signs disappeared after removal of the straw. endophytic hyphae were detected in the seeds of all straw samples that were responsible for the clinical cases. lolitrem b concentrations in the straw ranged between 972 and 3740 ppb. ergovaline concentrations were between 355 and 1300 ppb. eve ... | 2001 | 11642270 |
| black cutworm (lepidoptera: noctuidae) larval emigration and biomass in mixtures of endophytic perennial ryegrass and kentucky bluegrass. | studies examined the possibility that mixtures of endophytic perennial ryegrass and kentucky bluegrass provide resistance against larvae of the black cutworm, agrotis ipsilon (hufnagel). we hypothesized that resistance against a. ipsilon in such stands would stem from the influence of kentucky bluegrass on a. ipsilon growth and behavior rather than the influence of endophytic perennial rvegrass. in replicated greenhouse experiments, black cutworm larvae initially emigrated more quickly from pots ... | 2001 | 11681682 |
| in planta regulation of extension of an endophytic fungus and maintenance of high metabolic rates in its mycelium in the absence of apical extension. | the fungus neotyphodium lolii is an endophytic symbiont. it grows in the intercellular spaces of the perennial ryegrass lolium perenne, producing secondary metabolites which enhance the fitness of the association over that of uninfected l. perenne. we report that the average number of hyphal strands in a given section of a leaf remains constant during the life of a leaf, indicating synchrony of leaf and hyphal extension, including cessation of hyphal extension when leaf extension ceases. we used ... | 2001 | 11722882 |
| a comparison of manometric and membrane-electrode procedures for measuring rates of leaf decay. | two instruments were compared for consistency of decay-rate measurements of four leaf types: lolium perenne, typha domingenesis, casuarina cunninghamiana and eucalyptus polyanthemos, via progressive biological oxygen demand (bod). the instruments were (a) a dissolved oxygen probe (i.e. an oxygen-selective membrane electrode) used in two different modes: (1) measurements of sacrificial samples that were successively discarded, and (2) repeated measurements of the same sample, and (b) a mercury fr ... | 2001 | 11349381 |
| anaerobically digested poultry slaughterhouse wastes as fertiliser in agriculture. | chemical and physical analysis, 27-d plant growth assays with carrot (daucus carota) and chinese cabbage (brassica campestris var. chinensis), and 5-d phytotoxicity assays with chinese cabbage and perennial ryegrass (lolium perenne) were used to investigate the suitability of anaerobically digested poultry slaughterhouse waste for fertiliser in agriculture and the effect of aerobic post-treatment on the properties of the digested material. the digested material appeared to be rich in nitrogen. i ... | 2001 | 11265792 |
| differential effects of light quality, provided by different grass neighbours, on the growth and morphology of trifolium repens l. (white clover). | the ability to respond in a specific manner to different light conditions imposed by different species of grass is a major factor contributing to white clover persistence in pastures. gaps in a pasture provide light with a higher red:far-red ratio (r:fr) and higher photosynthetic photon flux density (ppfd) than the light filtered through neighbours. white clover (trifolium repens l.) was grown under different light conditions in ways that tried to simulate as closely as possible some of the ligh ... | 2000 | 24595840 |
| synthetic zeolites as amendments for sewage sludge-based compost. | the effects of incorporating a synthetic zeolite (zeolite p) in a range of concentrations (0.1-1.0 w:w) into an experimental horticultural compost, derived from sewage sludge, have been investigated. the impact of zeolite treatment on time-related changes of the labile zinc, copper, iron and manganese pools within the compost was compared to lime incorporation (5% w:w) and to a proprietary unamended peat-based compost. addition of 0.5% and 1.0% zeolite significantly reduced labile zinc over a 90 ... | 2000 | 10819210 |
| duration of regrowth of ryegrass (lolium perenne) effects on grazing behavior, intake, rumen fill, and fermentation of lactating dairy cows. | the relative importance of duration of sward regrowth and fill and fermentation in the rumen on the control of grazing time and intake rate during the first grazing session of the day was studied. four lactating dairy cows were allowed to graze ryegrass (lolium perenne) swards, with five different regrowth periods after mowing (6, 9, 16, 22, and 30 d). the cows were allowed to graze until they stopped voluntarily (cessation of grazing activity for at least 15 min). before and after grazing the r ... | 2000 | 10821574 |
| lawn parameters influencing abundance and distribution of the hairy chinch bug (hemiptera: lygaeidae). | management of lawns that promotes conditions detrimental to the development of insect pests may represent a valuable environmentally benign turfgrass management strategy. in the cool-humid region of quebec, canada, we investigated 45 lawns infested with hairy chinch bug, blissus leucopterus hirtus montandon, to identify lawn parameters related to its distribution and abundance. kentucky bluegrass, creeping bentgrass, and perennial ryegrass, respectively, accounted for 55.8, 19.6, and 9.3% of the ... | 2000 | 10826187 |
| expulsion of allergen-containing materials from hydrated rye grass (lolium perenne) pollen revealed by using immunogold field emission scanning and transmission electron microscopy. | several studies demonstrated episodes of grass pollen-induced allergic asthma after heavy rainfalls. it has been hypothesized that these asthma attacks might be due to the release of respirable allergen-bearing particles from pollen cytoplasm. | 2000 | 10856148 |
| effect of breed and age on the voluntary intake and the micromineral status of non-pregnant sheep. 1. estimation of voluntary intake. | twenty-four sheep were used to test breed and age differences in voluntary intake (vi). the sheep were divided into four groups of six animals each: suffolk mature ewes (sm), suffolk yearlings (sy), rambouillet mature ewes (rm), and rambouillet yearlings (ry). the animals grazed alternatively two mixed pastures containing trifolium repens latum, lolium perenne and pennisetum clandestinum from 07:00 to 16:30 hours and remained penned overnight. voluntary intake was estimated using chromic sesquio ... | 2000 | 10867320 |
| effect of breed and age on the voluntary intake and the micromineral status of non-pregnant sheep. ii. micromineral status. | twenty-four non-pregnant sheep, divided into four groups of six animals each, were used to test breed (suffolk and rambouillet) and age (mature (six years old) and yearling (16 months old) ewes) differences in micromineral status. the animals grazed alternatively two mixed pastures containing trifolium repens latum, lolium perenne and pennisetum clandestinum from 07:00 to 16:30hours, and remained penned overnight. hand-plucked forage samples, blood and wool samples were collected on days 1 (exce ... | 2000 | 10867321 |
| amino acids as a nitrogen source in temperate upland grasslands: the use of dual labelled ((13)c, (15)n) glycine to test for direct uptake by dominant grasses. | it is becoming increasingly apparent that soil amino acids are a principal source of nitrogen (n) for certain plants, and especially those of n-limited environments. this study of temperate upland grasslands used glycine-2-(13)c-(15)n and ((15)nh4)(2)so(4) labelling techniques to test the hypothesis that plant species which dominate 'unimproved' semi-natural grasslands (festuca-agrostis-galium) are able to utilise amino acid n for growth, whereas those plants which dominate 'improved' grasslands ... | 2000 | 10920354 |
| effects of zinc and influence of acremonium lolii on growth parameters, chlorophyll a fluorescence and antioxidant enzyme activities of ryegrass (lolium perenne l. cv apollo). | the effects of zinc on growth, mineral content, chlorophyll a fluorescence, and detoxifying enzyme activity (ascorbate peroxidase (apx), ec 1.11.1.11; superoxide dismutase (sod), ec 1.15.1.1) of ryegrass infected or not by acremonium lolii, and treated with nutrient solution containing 0-50 mm znso(4) were studied. the introduction of zinc induces stress with a decrease in growth at 1, 5 and 10 mm znso(4) and a cessation of growth at 50 mm znso(4), in ryegrass plants infected by a. lolii or not. ... | 2000 | 10948221 |
| response of a soil bacterial community to grassland succession as monitored by 16s rrna levels of the predominant ribotypes. | the composition of predominant soil bacteria during grassland succession was investigated in the dutch drentse a area. five meadows, taken out of agricultural production at different time points, and one currently fertilized plot represented different stages of grassland succession. since fertilization and agricultural production were stopped, the six plots showed a constant decline in the levels of nutrients and vegetation changes. the activity of the predominant bacteria was monitored by direc ... | 2000 | 10966420 |
| portal net appearance of amino acids in growing pigs fed a barley-based diet with inclusion of three different forage meals. | the net absorption of amino acids (aa) in young pigs fed a barley-based control diet (c) and diets where barley was replaced by 200 g/kg fresh weight of dried lucerne (medicago sativa; l20), white clover (trifolium repens; w20) or perennial ryegrass (lolium perenne; pr20) meal was studied. castrated male pigs were fitted with permanent catheters in the hepatic portal vein and mesenteric artery, and the hepatic portal net absorption of aa was estimated from the porto-arterial plasma concentration ... | 2000 | 11103219 |
| cloning and expression of a distinct subclass of plant thioredoxins. | mrnas encoding a novel thioredoxin were isolated from pollen rna of lolium perenne (lptrx), hordeum bulbosum (hbtrx), phalaris coerulescens (ptrx) and secale cereale (sctrx). the cdnas contain a single orf of 393 bp encoding a protein of 131 amino acids. the predicted proteins showed highest homology to plant thioredoxins of the h class yet form a distinct subgroup that is characterized by a high level of sequence conservation (95.4-97.7% identity). genbank searches revealed additional members o ... | 2000 | 11106422 |
| overseeding endophytic perennial ryegrass into stands of kentucky bluegrass to manage bluegrass billbug (coleoptera: curculionidae). | studies were conducted to determine the utility of overseeding endophyte enhanced varieties of perennial ryegrass, lolium perenne l., into existing stands of kentucky bluegrass, poa pratensis l., to manage bluegrass billbug, sphenophorus parvulus gyllenhal, larval populations and their damage. two commercial varieties of endophyte enhanced perennial ryegrass (repell ii and triple play) were overseeded at two different rates in the field. s. parvulus larval populations, their damage, and turfgras ... | 2000 | 11142296 |
| substrate preference profiles of proteases released by allergenic pollens. | pollens are important triggers for allergic asthma and seasonal rhinitis. we have recently reported that proteases released by major allergenic pollens can injure airway epithelial cells in vitro. disruption of epithelial integrity by proteases released following deposition of pollens on mucosal surfaces could promote sensitization and induce inflammation. | 2000 | 10718856 |
| use of length heterogeneity pcr and fatty acid methyl ester profiles to characterize microbial communities in soil. | in length heterogeneity pcr (lh-pcr) a fluorescently labeled primer is used to determine the relative amounts of amplified sequences originating from different microorganisms. labeled fragments are separated by gel electrophoresis and detected by laser-induced fluorescence with an automated gene sequencer. we used lh-pcr to evaluate the composition of the soil microbial community. four soils, which differed in terms of soil type and/or crop management practice, were studied. previous data for mi ... | 2000 | 10742258 |
| histamine receptor expression on peripheral blood lymphocytes is influenced by specific and nonspecific activation. | histamine is a physiological mediator which exerts both effector and regulatory functions through its receptors on various cells. the aim of the study was to investigate changes in histamine receptor expression on peripheral blood lymphocytes affected by stimulation with both specific and nonspecific stimuli. lymphocytes were obtained from both healthy and allergic subjects. cells were incubated with various allergens (mixed grass pollen, lolium perenne, dermatophagoides pteronyssinus 1, bee ven ... | 2000 | 10807051 |
| feeding on different host plants alters the natural abundances of delta (1)(3)c and delta (1)n in longidoridae (nemata). | natural abundances of the stable isotope pairs (1)(3)c/(1)(2)c (delta (1)(3)c) and (1)n/(1)n (delta (1)n) have been used previously to study food sources and trophic relationships in soil invertebrates. in this study, delta (1)(3)c and delta (1)n were measured in five species of longidoridae to investigate the effect of transferring nematodes from one plant host to another. longidorus elongatus, paralongidorus maximus, xiphinema diversicaudatum, x. index, and x. vuittenezi were cultured initiall ... | 1999 | 19270871 |
| ileal amino acid digestibilities in pigs of barley-based diets with inclusion of lucerne (medicago sativa), white clover (trifolium repens), red clover (trifolium pratense) or perennial ryegrass (lolium perenne). | two experiments were performed with post-valve t-cannulated growing pigs, using five animals in each experiment in a change-over design to evaluate the effect of inclusion of four different dried forage meals on ileal crude protein (cp) and amino acid (aa) digestibilities. the control diets (c1 and c2) were barley-based and the experimental diets were formulated by replacing the barley with 100 or 200 g/kg of either lucerne (medicago sativa) or white clover (trifolium repens) meal in expt 1 and ... | 1999 | 10743486 |
| efficiency of some in vitro allergy tests for evaluating atopy in children and adults. | in recent years, an increase in the prevalence of allergic diseases has been reported, in industrialised countries. it is also a problem in non-industrialised countries, but its extent is less well documented. in this study, inhalant screening allergens (alatop), food screening allergens (fp5e), and total and specific ige were measured in 237 allergic patients (164 adults and 73 children) in order to examine the distribution of common allergens, the percentage of atopy/non-atopy among allergic c ... | 1999 | 10616753 |
| the kinetics of change in cytokine production by cd4 t cells during conventional allergen immunotherapy. | the effect of conventional allergen immunotherapy on allergen-specific t lymphocyte cytokine production is incompletely understood, particularly during the initial phase of treatment. | 1999 | 10069882 |
| differential recognition of recombinant phl p 5 isoallergens by phl p 5-specific t cells. | at present, recombinant allergens are considered for the diagnosis and treatment of atopic allergies. to evaluate the theoretical impact of isoallergen variation on the selection of isoallergens for specific allergy vaccination, we characterized the t-cell response of allergic patients to the phleum pratense major allergen, phl p 5, and five of its recombinant isoallergens. | 1999 | 10224358 |
| influence of an elevated atmospheric co2 content on soil and rhizosphere bacterial communities beneath lolium perenne and trifolium repens under field conditions. | > abstract the increase in atmospheric co2 content alters c3 plant photosynthetic rate, leading to changes in rhizodeposition and other root activities. this may influence the activity, the biomass, and the structure of soil and rhizosphere microbial communities and therefore the nutrient cycling rates and the plant growth. the present paper focuses on bacterial numbers and on community structure. the rhizospheres of two grassland plants, lolium perenne (ryegrass) and trifolium repens (white clo ... | 1999 | 10384008 |
| terpendole m, a novel indole-diterpenoid isolated from lolium perenne infected with the endophytic fungus neotyphodium lolii. | terpendole m (1), a novel indole-diterpenoid, was isolated from perennial ryegrass (lolium perenne) infected with the endophytic fungus neotyphodium lolii. it was identified as 14alpha-hydroxyterpendole c by nmr and mass spectral techniques. the known indole-diterpenoids paspaline (3) and 13-desoxypaxilline (4) were also isolated from perennial ryegrass for the first time. terpendole m was less tremorgenic than terpendole c (2) in a standard mouse bioassay. these findings provide clues to the bi ... | 1999 | 10552421 |
| isolation of lolicine a, lolicine b, lolitriol, and lolitrem n from lolium perenne infected with neotyphodium lolii and evidence for the natural occurrence of 31-epilolitrem n and 31-epilolitrem f. | lolicines a (1a) and b (2a), late-eluting lolitrem-like compounds, were identified in extracts of perennial ryegrass (lolium perenne) seed that was infected with the endophytic fungus neotyphodium lolii. the lolicines were isolated as their 11-o-propionates (1b and 2b) and their structures determined by mass spectrometry and one- and two-dimensional nmr spectroscopy. the structures of lolicines a and b were similar to those of paspaline (5a) and paspaline b (5b), compounds known to be biosynthet ... | 1998 | 10554283 |
| structural analysis of n-glycans from allergenic grass, ragweed and tree pollens: core alpha1,3-linked fucose and xylose present in all pollens examined. | the n-glycans from soluble extracts of ten pollens were examined. the pyridylaminated oligosaccharides derived from these sources were subject to gel filtration and reverse-phase hplc, in conjunction with exoglycosidase digests, and in some cases matrix-assisted laser desorption-ionisation mass spectrometry. in comparison to known structures, it was possible to determine the major structures of the n-glycans derived from kentucky blue grass (poa pratensis), rye (secale cerale), ryegrass (lolium ... | 1998 | 10386890 |
| endophytic fungi in indigenous australasian grasses associated with toxicity to livestock. | grazing of echinopogon spp. by livestock in australia has caused symptoms similar to those of perennial ryegrass staggers. we observed an endophytic fungus in the intercellular spaces of the leaves and seeds of new zealand and australian specimens of echinopogon ovatus. culture of surface-sterilized seeds from new zealand specimens yielded a slow-growing fungus. an examination in which immunoblotting and an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) were used indicated that e. ovatus plants from ... | 1998 | 9464398 |
| performance of lactating dairy cows fed alfalfa silage or perennial ryegrass silage. | the nutrient contents of perennial ryegrass (lolium perenne l.) and alfalfa (medicago sativa l.) are reasonably similar. despite similarities, the lactation performance of dairy cows fed perennial ryegrass has not been compared with the lactation performance of dairy cows fed alfalfa. the present study was implemented to compare the performance of lactating cows fed alfalfa or perennial ryegrass silage. alfalfa and perennial ryegrass were harvested at late bud and boot stages of maturity, respec ... | 1998 | 9493091 |
| dissection of the grass allergen-specific immune response in patients with allergies and control subjects: t-cell proliferation in patients does not correlate with specific serum ige and skin reactivity. | pollinosis, caused by grasses of the poaceae family, is a problem worldwide. the relative importance of grass groups 1 and 5 major allergens is well established. however, not much is known about the recognition of these allergens by t cells and whether this t-cell reactivity correlates with skin reactivity and serum ige levels. | 1998 | 9500758 |
| ige antibodies to recombinant pollen allergens (phl p 1, phl p 2, phl p 5, and bet v 2) account for a high percentage of grass pollen-specific ige. | pollen from different grass species are some of the most potent elicitors of type i allergy worldwide. the characterization of antigenic structures and ige epitopes common to different grass species is relevant to define reagents for diagnosis and specific therapy of grass pollen allergy. | 1998 | 9500760 |
| limited genetic control of specific ige responses to rye grass pollen allergens in australian twins. | both genetic and environmental factors are thought to contribute to specific ige responses, however, the relative contribution of each in the responses to individual ryegrass pollen allergens is largely unknown even though some responses to allergens have been linked to certain hla complexes. | 1998 | 9543082 |
| molecular characterization of a cross-reactive juniperus oxycedrus pollen allergen, jun o 2: a novel calcium-binding allergen. | species belonging to the cupressaceae family are a relevant source of allergens that are present in a wide number of countries. | 1998 | 9648704 |
| specific ige to recombinant vegetal panallergen (rbet v 2) and fruit allergy in pollinic patients. | the presence of ige antibodies to the allergens rbet v 1 and rbet v 2 was investigated in patients with known sensitization to ryegrass (lolium perenne) and/or olive (olea europaea) pollen, by comparing a group of 10 patients who had allergic symptoms after ingestion of fruits (a) with a group of 17 patients who had only seasonal respiratory symptoms (b). there was no significant difference between the two groups for total ige. all patients showed specific ige to both l. perenne and o. europaea. ... | 1998 | 9689344 |
| establishment and fecundity of ostertagia circumcincta and trichostrongylus colubriformis in lambs fed lotus (lotus pedunculatus) or perennial ryegrass. | forty four 12-14 week old polled dorset ram lambs, raised helminth free from birth, were used to investigate the effects of condensed tannins (ct) in lotus (lotus pedunculatus) on lamb growth and gastrointestinal nematode establishment and fecundity. condensed tannins bind to proteins in the rumen and increase the flow of protein to the intestines. lambs were allocated to either a ryegrass (lolium perenne) or lotus diet fed ad libitum, with or without twice daily drenching of polyethylene glycol ... | 1998 | 9703616 |
| growth, voluntary food intake and digestion in farmed temperate and tropical deer. | growth and voluntary feed intake (vfi) in grazing temperate farmed deer species are influenced by the feeding value of the forage and the stage of the deer's seasonal cycle. liveweight gain (lwg) of growing red deer was greater when perennial ryegrass (0.80)/white clover (0.20) pasture was grazed at 10 cm than 5 cm surface height, but venison production by one year of age was still low. chicory and red clover were of superior feeding value for deer than perennial ryegrass-based pastures, increas ... | 1998 | 9704535 |
| injury to murine airway epithelial cells by pollen enzymes. | pollens are important triggers for asthma but the mechanism of sensitisation to their proteins remains poorly understood. the intrinsic protease activity of some allergens may contribute to sensitisation by disrupting the integrity of the airway epithelial barrier. pollens release a variety of enzymes, including proteases, upon hydration. the hypothesis that such enzymes might be able to damage airway epithelial cells was therefore tested. | 1998 | 9708228 |
| detection and quantification of group 4 allergens in grass pollen extracts using monoclonal antibodies. | grass pollen extracts are complex mixtures consisting of different major allergenic and non-allergenic components. phl p 4 is an important allergen, because more than 75% of grass pollen allergic patients produce specific ige antibodies against group 4 allergens. | 1998 | 9720813 |
| molecular basis of ige-recognition of lol p 5, a major allergen of rye-grass pollen. | grass pollen, especially of rye-grass (lolium perenne). represents an important cause of type i allergy. identification of ige-binding (allergenic) epitopes of major grass pollen allergens is essential for understanding the molecular basis of interaction between allergens and human ige antibodies and therefore facilitates the devising of safer and more effective diagnostic and immunotherapy reagents. the aim of this study was to identify the allergenic epitopes of lol p 5, a major allergen of ry ... | 1998 | 9747889 |
| specific antigen targeting to surface ige and igg on mouse bone marrow-derived mast cells enhances efficiency of antigen presentation. | the discovery that bone marrow-derived mast cells can express major histocompatibility complex class ii molecules and act as antigen-presenting cells prompted us to evaluate this function when antigen is internalized through fluid-phase endocytosis or via specific uptake by using igg and ige antibodies. this study was performed using a specific t-cell hybridoma developed against lol p 1, the major allergen of grass pollen lolium perenne. expression of fc gamma r and fc epsilon ri by mast cells l ... | 1998 | 9767412 |
| production, faecal egg counts and worm burdens of ewe lambs which grazed six contrasting forages. | lambs were grazed on monospecific swards of one of six forages, some containing condensed tannins (ct); sulla (hedysarum coronarium), lotus corniculatus and l. pedunculatus and some without ct (lucerne (medicago sativa), plantain (plantago lanceolata) and a ryegrass/white clover pasture (lolium perenne/trifolium repens)) to evaluate effects of forage type on gastrointestinal nematode burdens, faecal egg count as well as liveweight gain (lwg), wool growth and dag formation over a 42-day period. a ... | 1998 | 9877067 |
| meat quality of cryptorchid lambs grazing either dryland or irrigated perennial pasture with some silage supplementation. | the meat quality of lambs grazed on perennial pasture (ryegrass lolium perenne, cocksfoot, dactylis glomerata and white clover trifolium repens) was examined in three treatments; group 1 (s) lambs were grazed on dryland pasture for 30 days and then offered a supplement of pasture silage ad libitum until slaughter, 30 days later (n = 21). lambs in group 2 (p) were grazed on dryland pasture throughout (n = 28) and those in group 3 (ip) on irrigated pasture (n = 28). lambs in group ip had a signifi ... | 1998 | 22060577 |
| determination of the uptake of [pt(nh3)4](no3)2 by grass cultivated on a sandy loam soil and by cucumber plants, grown hydroponically. | two cultivation experiments were carried out in order to answer the question to what extent platinum can enter the food chain by accumulation in plants, when the platinum is present in a bio-available form: (i) cucumber plants (cucumis sativus) were grown hydroponically in nutrient solutions containing [pt(nh3)4](no3)2 (from 0.5 to 50 micrograms pt/l solution); and (ii) a water-soluble platinum compound--[pt(nh3)4](no3)2--was added in increasing amounts to a sandy loam soil (from 0.5 to 50 mg pt ... | 1998 | 9753790 |
| long-term responsiveness to free air co2 enrichment of functional types, species and genotypes of plants from fertile permanent grassland. | to test inter- and intraspecific variability in the responsiveness to elevated co2, 9-14 different genotypes of each of 12 perennial species from fertile permanent grassland were grown in lolium perenne swards under ambient (35 pa) and elevated (60 pa) atmospheric partial pressure of co2 (pco2) for 3 years in a free air carbon dioxide enrichment (face) experiment. the plant species were grouped according to their functional types: grasses (l. perenne, l. multiflorum, arrhenatherum elatius, dacty ... | 1997 | 28307292 |
| patterns of soil copper contamination and temporal changes in vegetation in the vicinity of a copper rod rolling factory. | patterns of soil copper contamination have been examined in the vicinity of a copper rod rolling plant in prescot, merseyside, uk. the site, established in 1975, was found to possess clear patterns of soil copper contamination, with the highest levels of hno3 and water-extractable fractions encountered in the factory grounds adjacent to the location of the furnace chimney. the majority of the copper had accumulated in the upper soil horizons. the site is surrounded by planted lawns, established ... | 1997 | 15093451 |
| quantitative assessment of in planta distribution of metabolic activity and gene expression of an endophytic fungus. | using perennial ryegrass infected with an acremonium transformant carrying the escherichia coli beta-d-glucuronidase gene (gusa) (gus system) under control of a constitutive promoter, we have developed methods for the quantitative extraction of endophyte-associated gus activity from plant material. fluorometric assays of these extracts allow quantitative assessment of the distribution of endophyte-associated gus activity within single plants (tillers) with high resolution. fluorescence microscop ... | 1997 | 10627142 |
| grass immunotherapy induces inhibition of allergen-specific human peripheral blood mononuclear cell proliferation. | the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmc) from humans allergic to grass pollens (gr+ subjects) show strong in vitro proliferative responses to purified allergens from lolium perenne pollen lol p 1, and to a lesser extent to lol p 2 and lol p 3. by contrast, pbmc from grass allergic patients undergoing immunotherapy (gr + it subjects) exhibit a very poor lol p-specific proliferative response, similar to that observed in nongrass allergic subjects (gr-subjects). unlike gr-subjects, both gr+ an ... | 1997 | 9030100 |
| immunological cross-reactivity of the major allergen from perennial ryegrass (lolium perenne), lol p i, and the cysteine proteinase, bromelain. | antibodies prepared in rabbits against the major allergen from ryegrass (lolium perenne), lol p i, cross-reacted with the cysteine proteinase bromelain from pineapple and vice versa. deglycosylation of the proteins showed that the cross-reaction was based on recognition of the carbohydrate moiety of the allergen, but for bromelain the cross-reaction was most likely due to a combination of factors. the results indicate that the carbohydrate residues from these allergens play an important role in ... | 1997 | 9104799 |
| viability of cryptosporidium parvum during ensilage of perennial ryegrass. | the survival of cryptosporidium parvum during ensilage of perennial ryegrass was examined in laboratory silos with herbage prepared in one of three different ways; either untreated, inoculated with a strain of lactobacillus plantarum or by direct acidification with formic acid. the ph values of all silages initially fell below 4.5, but only formic acid-treated silage remained stable at less than ph 4 after 106 d, with the ph of the untreated and inoculant-treated silages rising to above 6. the f ... | 1997 | 9147867 |
| infestation of sheep dung by nematophagous fungi and implications for the control of free-living stages of gastro-intestinal nematodes. | a field trial was conducted to assess the rate at which dung becomes infested by fungi which parasitise nematodes (nematophagous fungi) after deposition. sheep dung was placed on field plots of bare ground, ryegrass (lolium perenne), browntop (agrostis capillaris) and white clover (trifolium repens) in summer (february) and autumn (april), and subsamples were examined at intervals for the presence of nematophagous fungi. nematophagous fungi occurred in 71% of 129 samples recovered in february an ... | 1997 | 9211650 |
| ozone increases group 5 allergen content of lolium perenne. | 1997 | 9284991 | |
| intake stimulants in perennial ryegrass (lolium perenne l.) fed to sheep. | few studies exist on intake stimulants in forage plants, although a large amount of research has been conducted on deterrents to the feeding behavior of herbivore livestock. to study intake stimulants in plants, chemical components of perennial ryegrass were extracted, fractionated, and examined for their effects on the feeding behavior of sheep. methanol extracts were found to be stimulants, and pentane extracts tended to be deterrents. the ethyl acetate fraction of the methanol extracts stimul ... | 1997 | 9313150 |
| ige antibodies to aeroallergens in allergic children in são paulo, brazil. | the sensitization to inhaled allergens was studied in 80 brazilian children and 12 controls, aged 6 to 16 years. we performed skin tests with alternaria alternata, cat, dog, lolium perenne, grasses and the following domestic mites: blomia tropicalis, dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, dermatophagoides farinae, lepidoglyphus destructor, chortoglyphus arcutus and aleuroglyphus ovatus. the frequencies of positive skin tests (mean diameter > or = 23 mm) were respectively 15%, 11%, 11%, 6%, 7%, 95%, 92% ... | 1997 | 9330189 |
| rumen fermentation and nutrient flows for cows fed grass and grass supplemented with molassed beet pulp pellets. | an experiment was carried out to determine the effect of a grass diet and a concentrate supplement on rumen fermentation and nutrient flows to the duodenum. perennial ryegrass was cut and fed indoors to eight rumen- and duodenum-cannulated friesian cows with or without 3 kg/d of molassed beet pulp in a randomized design experiment. the dry matter intake of grass was significantly lower for cows fed the concentrate supplement (13.6 vs. 11.5 kg of dry matter/d), but total dry matter and organic ma ... | 1997 | 9361218 |
| biochemical and immunological characterization of recombinant allergen lol p 1. | pollen from perennial rye grass (lolium perenne), a major cause of type-i allergy worldwide, contains a complex mixture of allergenic proteins among which lol p 1 is one of the most important. we describe the expression, purification and characterization of a recombinant lol p 1 overproduced in escherichia coli. the recombinant allergen, expressed in high yields and purified in milligram amounts, bound to specific ige antibodies from human sera, induced histamine release from sensitized human ba ... | 1997 | 9395340 |
| mutualistic fungal endophytes express a proteinase that is homologous to proteases suspected to be important in fungal pathogenicity. | many cultivated and wild grass species are hosts to mutualistic fungal endophytes. these associations are ecologically and agronomically significant, yet little is known regarding the physiological aspects of the interaction. in the poa ampla/acremonium typhinum interaction, a fungal serine proteinase, at1, is surprisingly abundant and may constitute 1 to 2% of the total leaf-sheath protein. sequence analysis of cdna and genomic clones indicates that proteinase at1 is a member of the eukaryotic ... | 1996 | 8756501 |
| receiver-operating characteristic (roc) curves: a fundamental tool for improving the clinical usefulness of in vitro ige tests. | in order to establish the most efficient thresholds for serum allergen-specific ige measured by the pharmacia cap system, a "second-generation" in vitro method, we evaluated results from 89 subjects with suspected inhalant allergies, using receiver-operating characteristic (roc) curve analysis. sera samples were analyzed by the pharmacia cap system for specific ige, the choice of allergens to be tested being based upon the symptoms and clinical history of each patient. results were analyzed by r ... | 1996 | 8837664 |
| inhalative occupational and ingestive immediate-type allergy caused by chicory (cichorium intybus). | we report a first case of occupational allergy to chicory (cichorium intybus) in a vegetable wholesaler. symptoms occurred after oral, cutaneous or inhalatory exposure. the patient also reported reactions after ingestion of botanically related endive (cichorium endivia) and lettuce (lactuca sativa). we identified the responsible allergen by sds-page and immunoblot to be a 48-kda protein, confined to the non-illuminated parts of the plants. no cross-reactivity was found with mugwort (artemisia vu ... | 1996 | 8877160 |
| characterization of dac g 4, a major basic allergen from dactylis glomerata pollen. | monoclonal antibodies were produced against dac g 4, a purified major basic allergen from dactylis glomerata pollen. their ability to be used for immunopurification of dac g 4 was studied on a biacore apparatus (pharmacia). the allergen was purified by affinity chromatography with one monoclonal antibody. its precise molecular mass, 59,185 +/- 30 d, was determined by mass spectrometry. its isoelectric point is 10.4. sodium dodecylsulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and immunoblotting show ... | 1996 | 8977507 |
| cloning and expression pattern of hor v 9, the group 9 pollen isoallergen from barley. | in this study we report the cloning, sequence, and characterization of hor v 9 allergen cdnas from barley (hordeum vulgare) pollen. structural homologues of kentucky bluegrass (poa pratensis) group 9 pollen allergens were identified in a cdna library of barley pollen expressed mrnas. the hor v 9 cdna clone (hvp9742) contained an open reading frame encoding 313 amino acids which included a putative 27-residue signal peptide and one asparagine sequon for glycosylation. the mrna corresponding to cl ... | 1996 | 8982067 |
| human recombinant antibody fragments specific for a rye-grass pollen allergen: characterization and potential applications. | one of the major allergens from the pollen of perennial rye grass (lolium perenne), lol pii, was used to isolate specific antibody fragments from a random combinatorial library displaying a large repertoire of human fab on filamentous phages. after five panning cycles on recombinant lol pii immunotubes, phage binders were isolated and the antibody fragments expressed as soluble fab molecules in the escherichia coli periplasm. the dna sequencing of the clones producing antibodies with the highest ... | 1996 | 9010244 |
| effects of interferon-alpha on cytokine profile, t cell receptor repertoire and peptide reactivity of human allergen-specific t cells. | a large panel of t cell clones (tcc) specific for the recombinant form of poa pratensis allergen (rkbg7.2 or poa p9) were established from the peripheral blood of grass pollen-sensitive donor in the absence or presence of recombinant interferon-alpha (ifn-alpha) in bulk culture and their pattern of cytokine secretion, peptide reactivity and tcr v beta repertoire was examined. the majority of allergen-specific tcc derived in absence of ifn-alpha produced high amounts of interleukin-4 (il-4) and i ... | 1996 | 8605940 |
| effect of selenium and a-tocopherol supplementation on postpartum reproductive function of dairy heifers at pasture. | the objective of this study was to investigate the effects of selenium (se) and alpha-tocopherol supplementation on uterine involution and ovarian function in dairy heifers fed a prepartum diet containing low concentrations of se and alpha-tocopherol. twenty-four pregnant friesian heifers were randomly allocated to one of four experimental groups in a 2 x 2 design balanced for age and body weight. prepartum treatments consisted of supplementation with either 2 intraruminal se pellets or 3600 mg ... | 1996 | 16727917 |
| cloning, sequencing and immunological characterization of dac g 3, a major allergen from dactylis glomerata pollen. | preliminary work showed that a 14-kda allergen with a pi of 9 was recognized by more than 60% of sera from dactylis glomerata (dac g) pollen-allergic individuals. the n-terminal amino acid sequence of this dac g allergen was determined by edman degradation and compared with that of lol p 3, a major allergen of lolium perenne. a sequence identity of 65% was found, suggesting that the dac g allergen could be the homologue of lol p 3 and therefore named dac g 3. we report the cloning and sequence a ... | 1996 | 8811075 |
| effects of organic solvent extracts from herbage on feeding behavior in goats. | the effects of organic solvent extracts from perennial ryegrass (lolium perenne l. cv. friend), orchardgrass (dactylis glomerata l. cv. akimidori) andlolium ×festuca hybrid on the hay consumption of goats were measured by simple two-choice feeding assays. orchardgrass hay treated with methanol extracts (resuspended in water) of perennial ryegrass showed an increased intake by goats compared to untreated hay (p < 0.01). the palatability of hay tended to be slightly decreased by spraying it with p ... | 1996 | 24227483 |
| degradation of perennial ryegrass leaf and stem cell walls by the anaerobic fungus neocallimastix sp. strain cs3b. | the degradation of cell walls isolated from stems and leaves of perennial ryegrass by the anaerobic fungus neocallimastix sp. strain cs3b was studied in a defined medium. the combined cellulose and hemicellulose fraction represented 53.1 (wt/wt) and 63.3% (wt/wt) of the dry weight of control grass leaf and stem cell walls, respectively. in both leaf and stem cell walls, glucose was the major neutral monosaccharide, followed by xylose, arabinose, and galactose. after 2 days of fermentation with n ... | 1996 | 16535297 |
| grass pollen immunotherapy induces highly cross-reactive igg antibodies to group v allergen from different grass species. | sera from two groups of patients receiving grass pollen immunotherapy were tested on igg reactivity with group v allergen from six different grass species. one group of patients was treated with a mixture of 10 grass species, and the other with a mixture of five. only lolium perenne, dactylis glomerata, and phleum pratense were present in both mixtures. although anthoxanthum odoratum and secale cereale were absent from the mixture of five, igg responses to ant o v and sec c v were comparable in ... | 1995 | 7677246 |
| interrelationships between acremonium lolii, peramine, and lolitrem b in perennial ryegrass. | perennial ryegrass (lolium perenne l.) is commonly infected with the endophytic fungus acremonium lolii in a mutualistic relationship. the fungus produces a number of alkaloids, some of which are responsible for causing livestock disorders and/or for conferring insect resistance to the host grass. little is known about the interrelationship between fungal growth and alkaloid production in the ryegrass plant and how this varies throughout the year. the concentrations of a. lolii and two of its al ... | 1995 | 16535001 |
| t-cell epitopes of phl p 1, major pollen allergen of timothy grass (phleum pratense): evidence for crossreacting and non-crossreacting t-cell epitopes within grass group i allergens. | the use of peptides representing t-cell epitopes of allergens is a modern concept for improvement of specific immunotherapy. a prerequisite for this approach is the identification of t-cell epitopes of atopic allergens. | 1995 | 8543758 |
| the effect of glyphosate, paraquat and paclobutrazol on lolitrem b levels in endophyte-infected perennial ryegrass. | two herbicides (glyphosate and paraquat) and a plant growth regulator (paclobutrazol) were applied to endophyteinfected (acremonium lolii) perennial ryegrass swards. subsamples of these swards were then chemically analysed at intervals up to 28 days later for lolitrem b, the compound responsible for perennial ryegrass staggers in domestic livestock. glyphosate and paclobutrazol had no effect on lolitrem b concentrations. paraquat applications decreased lolitrem b concentrations in the herbage. b ... | 1995 | 16031833 |
| multicentre evaluation of capture assay radim liquid allergen for measurement of specific ige antibodies. | a multicentre trial of capture assay radim liquid allergen was performed to define the sensitivity, specificity and clinical reliability of the system in diagnostic allergology. the results of the evaluation were compared with clinical data and in vivo testing. good agreement was obtained for dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (d1), cat's epithelium (e1), betula verrucosa (t3) and olea europea (t9), artemisia vulgaris (w6) and parietaria officinalis (w19). some spreading of data was observed for art ... | 1995 | 8608200 |
| temperature control of the development of frost hardiness in two populations of leptospermum scoparium. | seedlings of leptospermum scoparium j.r. et g. forst (manuka) originating from seed from a low altitude coastal site (auckland) and from a high altitude inland site (desert road) were grown for 96 days in four controlled environments to compare the relationship between growth temperature and frost hardening. day/night temperature treatments were 12/6, 12/3, 12/0 and 12/-3 degrees c. frost hardiness was determined at 14-day intervals by exposing whole seedlings to temperatures ranging from -2 to ... | 1995 | 14965949 |
| regulation of levels of serum antibodies to ryegrass pollen allergen lol piv by an internal image anti-idiotypic monoclonal antibody. | a murine monoclonal anti-idiotypic antibody (anti-id), designated b1/1, was produced against an idiotope of a murine antibody (mab91), which recognizes the epitope, site a, of allergen lol piv, one of the major groups of allergens in ryegrass (lolium perenne) pollen. the ability of b1/1 to modulate the antibody responses to lol piv was investigated in murine model systems. in the first system, b1/1-keyhole limpet haemocyanin (klh) conjugate was administered to treat three different strains of mi ... | 1995 | 7751014 |
| recombinant allergen lol p ii: expression, purification and characterization. | pollen from perennial rye grass (lolium perenne) is a major cause of type i allergies worldwide. it contains complex mixtures of proteins, among which lol p ii is a major allergen. previously, we have reported the cloning and sequencing of lol p ii and its expression in fusion with the heavy chain of human ferritin as carrier polypeptide (sidoli et al., 1993, j. biol. chem. 268, 21819-21825). here, we describe the expression, purification and characterization of a recombinant lol p ii overproduc ... | 1995 | 7783753 |
| a mutualistic fungal symbiont of perennial ryegrass contains two different pyr4 genes, both expressing orotidine-5'-monophosphate decarboxylase. | a fragment of the claviceps purpurea pyr4 gene, encoding orotidine-5'-monophosphate decarboxylase (omp decarboxylase), was used to screen a genomic library from an isolate of a fungus, acremonium sp. (designated lp1), which grows as an endophyte in perennial ryegrass (lolium perenne). three positive clones, lambda mc11, lambda mc12 and lambda mc14, were isolated. two of these clones, lambda mc12 and lambda mc14, were overlapping clones from the same locus, while lambda mc11 was from a different ... | 1995 | 7789808 |
| preferential expression of cd30 by human cd4+ t cells producing th2-type cytokines. | a large panel of human cd4+ t helper (th) cell clones with established th1, th2, or th0 profiles of cytokine secretion were examined for the expression of cd30, a member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily. th1 clones expressed poor or no cd30 mrna, and showed low or undetectable expression of both membrane and soluble cd30 (scd30) protein, whereas th2 clones showed both cd30 mrna and membrane cd30 and released substantial amounts of scd30. th0 clones exhibited an intermediate patt ... | 1995 | 7821763 |
| pollen allergen homologues in barley and other crop species. | pollen from 10 agricultural plant species was surveyed for the presence of proteins crossreactive with group i, group iv and group ix allergens. barley (hordeum vulgare), maize (zea mays), rye (secale cerale), triticale (xtriticosecale cereale), oats (avena sativa), canola (brassica napus) and sunflower (helianthus annus) pollens contained numerous allergen cognate proteins. northern blot analysis of barley pollen rna revealed the presence of group i and group ix allergen transcripts. the barley ... | 1995 | 7537171 |
| toxic endophyte-infected tall fescue and range grasses: historic perspectives. | a historic profile of endophyte-induced tall fescue toxicosis is presented. a chronology of events is presented, beginning with the importance of finding balansia-infected grasses in a tall fescue pasture in north central georgia. this initial finding was followed by the discovery that another related endophyte was present in tall fescue and other major forage grasses. this species of endophyte was identified as acremonium coenophialum. after this report was the important discovery that cattle p ... | 1995 | 7608021 |
| analysis of endophyte toxins: fescue and other grasses toxic to livestock. | research on livestock toxicoses caused by acremonium (endophyte)-infected grasses strongly implicate the ergopeptine alkaloids with a. coenophialum-infected fescue and paxilline and the lolitrem alkaloids with a. lolii-infected perennial ryegrass as the causative agents. isolation, identification, and detection of these toxins involves extraction with appropriate solvents, clean-up procedures, and chromatographic methods with known standards. thin-layer, high-performance liquid and gas chromatog ... | 1995 | 7608022 |
| acremonium in fescue and ryegrass: boon or bane? a review. | acremonium coenophialum morgan-jones and gams, an endophytic fungus commonly found in tall fescue (festuca arundinacea schreb.), has been identified as the cause of poor performance of beef cattle and horses on tall fescue. ryegrass staggers, a neurological disorder of sheep, has been linked to the presence of a similar fungus, a. lolii latch, christensen and samuels, in perennial ryegrass (lolium perenne l.). renovation of endophyte-infected (e+) pastures with endophyte-free (e-) cultivars of t ... | 1995 | 7608023 |
| endogenous toxins and mycotoxins in forage grasses and their effects on livestock. | plant toxins are the chemical defenses of plants against herbivory. grasses have relatively few intrinsic toxins, relying more on growth habit to survive defoliation and endophytic fungal toxins as chemical defenses. forage grasses that contain intrinsic toxins include phalaris spp. (tryptamine and carboline alkaloids), sorghums (cyanogenic glycosides), and tropical grasses containing oxalates and saponins. toxic effects of these grasses include neurological damage (phalaris staggers), hypoxia ( ... | 1995 | 7608026 |
| atopic sensitization in children of somali immigrants in italy. | children of immigrants are known to be at greater risk for developing allergic manifestations than the population in general. in this study we observed children of somali origin living in italy in order to find plausible explanations for the high risk of allergic disease in immigrants. fifty-two children aged 0-14 years (mean = 6.7 years) were examined during the spring season. the mothers of the children were asked to fill in a questionnaire on symptoms and signs of atopic diseases and the fami ... | 1994 | 7850033 |
| molecular basis of cross-reactivity among allergen-specific human t cells: t-cell receptor v alpha gene usage and epitope structure. | cross-reactivities between the major grass pollen allergens, at the level of t-cell recognition was examined employing several lolium perenne i (lol p i)-specific human t-cell clones. nine of these lol p i-specific t-cell clones exhibited cross-recognition of the recombinant poa pratensis ix (poa p ix) allergen, rkbg7.2, indicating that these two major antigens of a grass pollen share t-cell epitopes. furthermore, proliferative responses of two other t-cell clones demonstrated that individual al ... | 1994 | 7510663 |
| recognition of t cell epitopes and lymphokine secretion by rye grass allergen lolium perenne i-specific human t cell clones. | t cell lines (tcl) and cd4+ t cell clones (tcc) with specificity for the rye grass allergen lolium perenne (lol p) i were isolated from the blood of nine donors, six having active atopic disease, two being in remission, and one having ige anti-lol pi abs but not atopic disease. the t cell epitopes of lol pi were determined by tcls and tccs reactivity with 23 overlapping, 20 amino acid-long peptides spanning the entire length of the 230 amino acid-long allergen. in addition, the th subsets (th1, ... | 1994 | 7512603 |
| changes in total and individual proteins during drying, ensiling, and ruminal fermentation of forages. | effects of wilting, drying, and ensiling on concentrations of proteins in alfalfa, crown vetch, perennial ryegrass, orchardgrass, and tall fescue were studied using sds-page. seven to nine proteins were identified in the samples. wilting forages for 24 h on a laboratory bench had little effect on the relative amounts of proteins. drying forage (on a laboratory bench) for 5 d resulted in a 25 to 30% loss in electrophoretically identified proteins. a 45-kda protein was more susceptible to hydrolys ... | 1994 | 8182173 |
| analysis of human t cell clones reactive with group v grass pollen allergens. | twenty-seven t cell clones (tcc) reactive with group v allergens of phleum pratense (phlp v) were established from the peripheral blood of 3 patients allergic to grass pollen. twenty-four tcc showed the helper cell phenotype cd3+, cd4+, cd8-; the remaining clones were cd3+cd4-cd8+. t cell recognition of phlp v was exclusively hla-dr restricted. many of the phlp v reactive tcc (19 of 27; 70%) were stimulated additionally by other group v allergens isolated from lolium perenne, poa pratensis, and ... | 1994 | 7981611 |
| origin of a fungal symbiont of perennial ryegrass by interspecific hybridization of a mutualist with the ryegrass choke pathogen, epichloë typhina. | seed-borne fungal symbionts (endophytes) provide many cool-season grass species with biological protection from biotic and abiotic stresses. the endophytes are asexual, whereas closely related sexual species of genus epichloë (clavicipitales) cause grass choke disease. perennial ryegrass (lolium perenne) is a host of two endophyte taxa, lptg-1 (l. perenne endophyte taxonomic grouping one = acremonium lolii) and lptg-2, as well as the choke pathogen, epichloë typhina (represented by isolate e8). ... | 1994 | 8013907 |