Publications

TitleAbstractYear(sorted descending)
Filter
PMID
Filter
card stabilizes mycobacterial open complexes via a two-tiered kinetic mechanism.card is an essential and global transcriptional regulator in mycobacteria. while its biological role is unclear, card functions by interacting directly with rna polymerase (rnap) holoenzyme promoter complexes. here, using a fluorescent reporter of open complex, we quantitate rpo formation in real time and show that mycobacterium tuberculosis card has a dramatic effect on the energetics of rnap bound complexes on the m. tuberculosis rrnap3 ribosomal rna promoter. the data reveal that mycobacteriu ...201525697505
applications of bacillus calmette-guerin and recombinant bacillus calmette-guerin in vaccine development and tumor immunotherapy.bacillus calmette-guerin (bcg) vaccines are attenuated live strains of mycobacterium bovis and are among the most widely used vaccines in the world. bcg is proven to be effective in preventing severe infant meningitis and miliary tuberculosis. intravesical instillation of bcg is also a standard treatment for non-muscle invasive bladder cancer. in the past few decades, recombinant bcg (rbcg) technology had been extensively applied to develop vaccine candidates for a variety of infectious diseases ...201526268434
fecal volatile organic ccompound profiles from white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus) as indicators of mycobacterium bovis exposure or mycobacterium bovis bacille calmette-guerin (bcg) vaccination.white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus) serve as a reservoir for bovine tuberculosis, caused by mycobacterium bovis, and can be a source of infection in cattle. vaccination with m. bovis bacille calmette guerin (bcg) is being considered for management of bovine tuberculosis in deer. presently, no method exists to non-invasively monitor the presence of bovine tuberculosis in deer. in this study, volatile organic compound profiles of bcg-vaccinated and non-vaccinated deer, before and after expe ...201526060998
effects of serial skin testing with purified protein derivative on the level and quality of antibodies to complex and defined antigens in mycobacterium bovis-infected cattle.several serological tests designed to detect antibodies to immunodominant mycobacterium bovis antigens have recently emerged as ancillary tests for the detection of bovine tuberculosis in cattle, particularly when used after the injection of purified protein derivative (ppd) for skin testing, which significantly boosts m. bovis-specific antibody responses. the present findings demonstrate the onset and duration of boosted antibody responses after the injection of m. bovis ppd for the caudal fold ...201525855555
complete genome sequence of mycobacterium bovis clinical strain 1595, isolated from the laryngopharyngeal lymph node of south korean cattle.mycobacterium bovis strain 1595 was isolated from the lymph node of south korean native cattle. the complete genome sequence of strain 1595 was determined in 2 contigs and was found to be 4,351,712 bp in size, with a 65.64% g+c content and 4,358 predicted protein-coding genes.201526430042
admixture mapping of tuberculosis and pigmentation-related traits in an african-european hybrid cattle population.admixture mapping affords a powerful approach to genetic mapping of complex traits and may be particularly suited to investigation in cattle where many breeds and populations are hybrids of the two divergent ancestral genomes, derived from bos taurus and bos indicus. here we design a minimal genome wide snp panel for tracking ancestry in recent hybrids of holstein-friesian and local arsi zebu in a field sample from a region of high bovine tuberculosis (btb) endemicity in the central ethiopian hi ...201526124773
comparative genomics of field isolates of mycobacterium bovis and m. caprae provides evidence for possible correlates with bacterial viability and virulence.mycobacteria of the mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (mtbc) greatly affect humans and animals worldwide. the life cycle of mycobacteria is complex and the mechanisms resulting in pathogen infection and survival in host cells are not fully understood. recently, comparative genomics analyses have provided new insights into the evolution and adaptation of the mtbc to survive inside the host. however, most of this information has been obtained using m. tuberculosis but not other members of the mtb ...201526583774
widespread environmental contamination with mycobacterium tuberculosis complex revealed by a molecular detection protocol.environmental contamination with mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (mtc) has been considered crucial for bovine tuberculosis persistence in multi-host-pathogen systems. however, mtc contamination has been difficult to detect due to methodological issues. in an attempt to overcome this limitation we developed an improved protocol for the detection of mtc dna. mtc dna concentration was estimated by the most probable number (mpn) method. making use of this protocol we showed that mtc contamination ...201526561038
[differential sensitivity of microorganisms to polyhexamethyleneguanidine].factors identified that affect the sensitivity of microorganisms to polyhexamethyleneguanidine (phmg). salts of phmg chloride, valerate, maleate, succinate was to use. test strains of esherichia coli, staphylococcus aureus, bacillus cereus, leptospira interrogans, paenibacillus larvae, mycobacterium bovis, m. avium, m. fortuitum, aspergillus niger and some strains of viruses are taken as objects of research. we have determined that the cytoplasm membrane phospholipids is main "target" for the po ...201526638480
interleukin-17a as a biomarker for bovine tuberculosis.t helper 17 (th17)-associated cytokines are integral to the immune responses to tuberculosis, initiating both protective and harmful inflammatory responses. the aim of the present study was to evaluate applied aspects of interleukin-17 (il-17) biology in the context of mycobacterium bovis infection of cattle. using transcriptome sequencing (rna-seq), numerous th17-associated cytokine genes (including il-17a, il-17f, il-22, il-19, and il-27) were upregulated >9-fold in response to purified protei ...201526677202
mincle, an innate immune receptor, is expressed in urothelial cancer cells of papillomavirus-associated urothelial tumors of cattle.mincle, macrophage-inducible c-type lectin, is a member of c-type lectin receptors. it plays an important role in anti-mycobacterial and anti-fungal immunity. furthermore it senses dead cells through its primary ligand sap130.201526513724
in vitro gene expression profile of bovine peripheral blood mononuclear cells in early mycobacterium bovis infection.the intracellular parasite mycobacterium bovis (m. bovis) causes tuberculosis in cattle and humans. understanding the interactions between m. bovis and host cells is essential in developing tools for the prevention, detection, and treatment of m. bovis infection. gene expression profiles provide a large amount of information regarding the molecular mechanisms underlying these interactions. the present study analyzed changes in gene expression in bovine peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmcs) ...201526668602
a dinb ortholog enables mycobacterial growth under dttp-limiting conditions induced by the expression of a mycobacteriophage-derived ribonucleotide reductase gene.mycobacterium species such as m. smegmatis and m. tuberculosis encode at least two translesion synthesis (tls) polymerases, dinb1 and dinb2, respectively. although predicted to be linked to dna repair, their role in vivo remains enigmatic. m. smegmatis mc(2)155, a strain commonly used to investigate mycobacterial genetics, has two copies of dinb2, the gene that codes for dinb2, by virtue of a 56-kb chromosomal duplication. expression of a mycobacteriophage d29 gene (gene 50) encoding a class ii ...201526527643
display of antigens on polyester inclusions lowers the antigen concentration required for a bovine tuberculosis skin test.the tuberculin skin test is the primary screening test for the diagnosis of bovine tuberculosis (tb), and use of this test has been very valuable in the control of this disease in many countries. however, the test lacks specificity when cattle have been exposed to environmental mycobacteria or vaccinated with mycobacterium bovis bacille calmette-guérin (bcg). recent studies showed that the use of three or four recombinant mycobacterial proteins, including 6-kda early secretory antigenic target ( ...201526512049
solution structure of the ndh-1 complex subunit cups from thermosynechococcus elongatus.the cyanobacterial multi-subunit membrane protein complex ndh-1 is both structurally and functionally related to complex i of eubacteria and mitochondria. in addition to functions in respiration and cyclic electron transfer around photosystem i (psi), the cyanobacterial ndh-1 complex is involved in a unique mechanism for inorganic carbon concentration. although the crystal structures of the similar respiratory complex i from thermus thermophilus and escherichia coli are known, atomic structural ...201525982357
prioritisation of wildlife pathogens to be targeted in european surveillance programmes: expert-based risk analysis focus on ruminants.this study attempted to develop a list of priority pathogens. it is part of a european union (eu) project dedicated to the surveillance of emerging or re-emerging pathogens of wildlife. partners of the consortium established an initial list of 138 pathogens of concern, which was reduced to a smaller list of 65 pathogens likely to affect ruminants (i.e., the most costly animal group in the eu over the last 15 years). these 65 pathogens underwent a two-step, expert-based risk analysis: 92 experts ...201525496774
granuloma coinfection with mycobacterium bovis, mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis, and corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis in five hunted red deer (cervus elaphus) in portugal.we report granulomatous lymphadenitis in red deer (cervus elaphus) in portugal caused by coinfection with corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis, mycobacterium bovis, and mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis, as demonstrated by molecular methods.201525932668
a novel dengue virus serotype-2 nanovaccine induces robust humoral and cell-mediated immunity in mice.dengue virus (denv), a member of the flaviviridae family, can be transmitted to humans through the bite of infected aedes mosquitoes. the incidence of dengue has increased worldwide over the past few decades. inadequate vector control, changing global ecology, increased urbanization, and faster global travel are factors enhancing the rapid spread of the virus and its vector. in the absence of specific antiviral treatments, the search for a safe and effective vaccine grows more imperative. many s ...201525701315
non-tuberculous mycobacteria in wild boar (sus scrofa) from southern spain: epidemiological, clinical and diagnostic concerns.non-tuberculous mycobacteria (ntm) are widely distributed in the environment, particularly in wet soil, marshland, rivers or streams, but also are causative agents of a wide variety of infections in animals and humans. little information is available regarding the ntm prevalence in wildlife and their effects or significance in the bovine tuberculosis (btb) epidemiology and diagnosis. this research shows the most frequently ntm isolated in lymph nodes of wild boar (sus scrofa) from southern spain ...201523895110
identification and evaluation of new mycobacterium bovis antigens in the in vitro interferon gamma release assay for bovine tuberculosis diagnosis.bovine tuberculosis (btb) is a common zoonotic disease, caused by mycobacterium bovis (m. bovis), responsible for significant economic losses worldwide. its diagnosis is based on the detection of cell mediated immunity under the exposure to protein purified derivative tuberculin (ppd), a complex and poorly characterized reagent. the cross-reactivity to non-tuberculous mycobacterium species (false-positive results) has been crucial to develop a more proper antigen. in the present study, we select ...201526320985
cost-benefit analysis of vaccination against mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis in dairy cattle, given its cross-reactivity with tuberculosis tests.johne's disease (jd), or paratuberculosis, is a chronic enteric disease of ruminants, caused by infection with mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis (map). johne's disease causes considerable economic losses to the us dairy industry, estimated to be over $200 million annually. available control strategies include management measures to improve calf hygiene, test-and-cull strategies, and vaccination. although the first 2 strategies have shown to reduce the prevalence of map, they require dedi ...201526117348
mycolic acids, a promising mycobacterial ligand for targeting of nanoencapsulated drugs in tuberculosis.the appearance of drug-resistant strains of mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb) poses a great challenge to the development of novel treatment programmes to combat tuberculosis. since innovative nanotechnologies might alleviate the limitations of current therapies, we have designed a new nanoformulation for use as an anti-tb drug delivery system. it consists of incorporating mycobacterial cell wall mycolic acids (ma) as targeting ligands into a drug-encapsulating poly dl-lactic-co-glycolic acid poly ...201526055640
detection of mycobacterium tuberculosis and mycobacterium avium complexes by real-time pcr in bovine milk from brazilian dairy farms.foodborne diseases are a public health problem worldwide. the consumption of contaminated raw milk has been recognized as a major cause of transmission of bovine tuberculosis to humans. other mycobacteria that may be present in raw milk and may cause diseases are those belonging to the mycobacterium avium complex. in this study, molecular biology tools were applied to investigate raw milk contamination with mycobacterium spp. in family dairy farms from rio grande do sul, southern brazil. further ...201525951404
evaluation of mycobacterium tuberculosis early secreted antigenic target 6 recombinant protein as a diagnostic marker in skin test.tuberculosis (tb) is the leading infectious disease in the developing world. delayed-type hypersensitivity skin test diagnoses tb using tuberculin purified protein derivative (ppd), but this test is incapable of distinguishing mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb) infection from bacillus calmette-guérin (bcg) vaccination or an infection caused by nontuberculous mycobacteria (ntm). this study was performed to evaluate the use of recombinant early secretory antigenic target 6 (resat-6), a secretory pro ...201525737829
tuberculosis in swine co-infected with mycobacterium avium subsp. hominissuis and mycobacterium bovis in a cluster from argentina.summary in argentina little is known about the epidemiology of tuberculosis (tb) infection in swine. we characterized the epidemiological dynamics of mycobacterium avium complex (mac) infection in a swine population of argentina using molecular tools and spatial analysis techniques. isolates (n = 196) obtained from tb-like lesions (n = 200) were characterized by polymerase chain reaction. the isolates were positive to either m. bovis (is6110) (n = 160) or m. avium (is1245) (n = 16) while the rem ...201525496827
evolutionary landscape of the mycobacterium tuberculosis complex from the viewpoint of phopr: implications for virulence regulation and application to vaccine development.different members of the mycobacterium genus have evolved to cause tuberculosis in diverse human populations and in a variety of animal species. our cumulative knowledge of mycobacterial genomes indicates that mutations in the phopr two-component virulence system were acquired not only during the natural evolution of mycobacterial species but also during in vitro subculture, which has given rise to the attenuated reference strain h37ra or to different daughter strains of mycobacterium bovis bcg. ...201526489860
transmission and progression to disease of mycobacterium tuberculosis phylogenetic lineages in the netherlands.the aim of this study was to determine if mycobacterial lineages affect infection risk, clustering, and disease progression among mycobacterium tuberculosis cases in the netherlands. multivariate negative binomial regression models adjusted for patient-related factors and stratified by patient ethnicity were used to determine the association between phylogenetic lineages and infectivity (mean number of positive contacts around each patient) and clustering (as defined by number of secondary cases ...201526224845
neither primary nor memory immunity to mycobacterium tuberculosis infection is compromised in mice with chronic enteric helminth infection.previously we had reported that nippostrongylus brasiliensis, a helminth with a lung migratory phase, affected host resistance against mycobacterium tuberculosis infection through the induction of alternatively activated (m2) macrophages. several helminth species do not have an obligatory lung migratory phase but establish chronic infections in the host that include potent immune downregulatory effects, in part mediated through induction of a foxp3(+) t regulatory cell (treg) response. treg cell ...201525605766
age at mycobacterium bovis bcg priming has limited impact on anti-tuberculosis immunity boosted by respiratory mucosal adhu5ag85a immunization in a murine model.tuberculosis (tb) remains a global pandemic despite the use of bacillus calmette-guérin (bcg) vaccine, partly because bcg fails to effectively control adult pulmonary tb. the introduction of novel boost vaccines such as the human adenovirus 5-vectored adhu5ag85a could improve and prolong the protective immunity of bcg immunization. age at which bcg immunization is implemented varies greatly worldwide, and research is ongoing to discover the optimal stage during childhood to administer the vaccin ...201526098423
effects of the fusion design and immunization route on the immunogenicity of ag85a-mtb32 in adenoviral vectored tuberculosis vaccine.vaccines containing multiple antigens may induce broader immune responses and provide better protection against mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb) infection as compared to a single antigen. however, strategies for incorporating multiple antigens into a single vector and the immunization routes may affect their immunogenicity. in this study, we utilized recombinant adenovirus type 5 (rad5) as a model vaccine vector, and ag85a (rv3804c) and mtb32 (rv0125) as model antigens, to comparatively evaluate ...201526076321
epstein-barr virus-induced gene 3 (ebi3) polymorphisms and expression are associated with susceptibility to pulmonary tuberculosis.tuberculosis (tb) remains a major global health problem and host genetic factors play a critical role in susceptibility and resistance to tb. the aim of this study was to identify novel candidate genes associated with tb susceptibility. we performed a population-based case-control study to genotype 13 tag snps spanning epstein-barr virus-induced gene 3 (ebi3), colony stimulating factor 2 (csf2), il-4, interferon beta 1 (ifnb1), chemokine (c-x-c motif) ligand 14 (cxcl14) and myeloid differentiati ...201525937126
rhesus immune responses to siv gag expressed by recombinant bcg vectors are independent from pre-existing mycobacterial immunity.a recombinant mycobacterium bovis bcg (rbcg) vector expressing hiv transgenes is an attractive candidate as a dual vaccine against hiv and tb. however, pre-existing immune responses to mycobacteria may influence immune responses to rbcg. we analyzed data from a rhesus rbcg trial to determine the effect of pre-existing mycobacterial immune responses on the vaccine-induced responses to the vector and expressed transgene.201526192357
in vitro t-cell profile induced by bcg moreau in healthy brazilian volunteers.tuberculosis (tb) remains the world's leading cause of morbidity and mortality. although mycobacterium bovis bacillus calmette-guérin (bcg) is the only vaccine currently in use, its efficacy is highly variable. it has been suggested that early antigenic presentation is a pivotal event leading to a better immune response in tb vaccine models. to investigate this further, we compared in vitro cell-mediated immune responses in the context of early sensitization with tb (i.e. healthy adults vaccinat ...201525483636
risk factors for mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map) and mycobacterium bovis coinfection at individual animal level in southern chile cattle populations.mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map) causes a chronic intestinal infection mainly in domestic and wild ruminants and is transmitted primarily by the fecal-oral route. mycobacterium bovis (m. bovis) produces a chronic infection principally of the respiratory system. it affects most domestic mammals, wild species, and humans and is spread via the respiratory or oral route. it is important to note that m. bovis is considered a major zoonotic agent. the term coinfection refers to the co ...201526193778
phenotypic resistance in mycobacteria: is it because i am old or fat that i resist you?we aimed to explore the phenomenon of phenotypic resistance to antimycobacterial antibiotics and to determine whether this was associated with cell age or the presence of lipid bodies.201526163401
the mycobacterial p55 efflux pump is required for optimal growth on cholesterol.cholesterol catabolism is thought to be a key factor contributing to the pathogenesis of mycobacterium tuberculosis. previous epistasis and mutant screening studies predicted that the p55 efflux pump (rv1410c) positively interacts with the mce4 transporter, a major cholesterol import system of m. tuberculosis and is needed for optimal growth in vitro, in macrophages, and in vivo. using a combination of cell growth kinetic techniques, cholesterol consumption, and [4-(14)c]cholesterol uptake studi ...201526155739
detection of mycobacterium tuberculosis and mycobacterium bovis from human sputum samples through multiplex pcr.tuberculosis (tb) has a long history and being present even before the start of recording history. it has left detrimental effects on all aspect of the life and geared the developments in the science of health. tb is caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (mtbc) including five species m. tuberculosis, m. bovis, m. africanum, m. canetti, and m. microti. m. tuberculosis and m. bovis infect both animals and humans. therefore, differentiation of these two closely related species is very import ...201526142518
mycobacterium bovis abdominal tuberculosis in a young child.abdominal tuberculosis can mimic many processes resulting in delayed diagnosis and unnecessary surgery. we describe a child of moroccan parents with an abdominal mass caused by mycobacterium bovis. the case stresses the need for increased awareness of m. bovis tuberculosis (tb) in general and extrapulmonary tb in the setting of foreign-born individuals who travel periodically to tb-endemic regions.201526132823
mycobacterium tuberculosis virulence: insights and impact on vaccine development.the existing tb vaccine, the attenuated mycobacterium bovis strain bcg, is effective in protecting infants from severe forms of the disease, while its efficacy in protecting adults from pulmonary tb is poor. in the last two decades, a renewed interest in tb resulted in the development of several candidate vaccines that are now entering clinical trials. however, most of these vaccines are based on a common rationale and aim to induce a strong t-cell response against mycobacterium tuberculosis. re ...201526119086
complete genome sequences of field isolates of mycobacterium bovis and mycobacterium caprae.here we report the complete genome sequences of field isolates of mycobacterium bovis and the related mycobacterial species, mycobacterium caprae. the genomes of three m. bovis (mb1, mb3, mb4) and one m. caprae (mb2) field isolates with different virulence, prevalence, and host distribution phenotypes were sequenced.201526112781
evaluation of the immunogenicity of mycobacterium bovis bcg delivered by aerosol to the lungs of macaques.nine million cases of tuberculosis (tb) were reported in 2013, with a further 1.5 million deaths attributed to the disease. when delivered as an intradermal (i.d.) injection, the mycobacterium bovis bcg vaccine provides limited protection, whereas aerosol delivery has been shown to enhance efficacy in experimental models. in this study, we used the rhesus macaque model to characterize the mucosal and systemic immune response induced by aerosol-delivered bcg vaccine. aerosol delivery of bcg induc ...201526108288
ip-10 is a sensitive biomarker of antigen recognition in whole-blood stimulation assays used for the diagnosis of mycobacterium bovis infection in african buffaloes (syncerus caffer).african buffaloes (syncerus caffer) are maintenance hosts of mycobacterium bovis, the causative agent of bovine tuberculosis. they act as reservoirs of this infection for a wide range of wildlife and domestic species, and the detection of infected animals is important to control the geographic spread and transmission of the disease. interferon gamma (ifn-γ) release assays (igras) utilizing pathogen-derived peptide antigens are highly specific tests of m. bovis infection; however, the diagnostic ...201526108287
nkg2d is a key receptor for recognition of bladder cancer cells by il-2-activated nk cells and bcg promotes nk cell activation.intravesical instillation of bacillus calmette-guérin (bcg) is used to treat superficial bladder cancer, either papillary tumors (after transurethral resection) or high-grade flat carcinomas (carcinoma in situ), reducing recurrence in about 70% of patients. initially, bcg was proposed to work through an inflammatory response, mediated by phagocytic uptake of mycobacterial antigens and cytokine release. more recently, other immune effectors such as monocytes, natural killer (nk), and nkt cells ha ...201526106390
dendritic cell activity driven by recombinant mycobacterium bovis bcg producing human il-18, in healthy bcg vaccinated adults.tuberculosis remains an enormous global burden, despite wide vaccination coverage with the bacillus calmette-guérin (bcg), the only vaccine available against this disease, indicating that bcg-driven immunity is insufficient to protect the human population against tuberculosis. in this study we constructed recombinant bcg producing human il-18 (rbcghil-18) and investigated whether human il-18 produced by rbcghil-18 modulates dc functions and enhances th1 responses to mycobacterial antigens in hum ...201526339658
should they stay, or should they go? relative future risk of bovine tuberculosis for interferon-gamma test-positive cattle left on farms.bovine tuberculosis (btb), caused by mycobacterium bovis, is a serious infectious disease that remains an ongoing concern for cattle farming worldwide. tuberculin skin-tests are often used to identify infected animals (reactors) during test-and-cull programs, however, due to relatively poor sensitivity, additional tests can be implemented in parallel. for example, in northern ireland interferon-gamma (ifn-g) testing is used in high-risk herds. however, skin-test negative animals which are positi ...201526338808
cho expressed recombinant human lactoferrin as an adjuvant for bcg.lactoferrin (lf), an iron binding protein with immune modulatory activities, has adjuvant activity to enhance vaccine efficacy. tuberculosis (tb) is a pulmonary disease caused by the pathogen mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb). progressive tb disease is clinically defined by damaging pulmonary pathology, a result of inflammation due to immune reactivity. the current vaccine for tb, an attenuated strain of mycobacterium bovis, bacillus calmette guerin (bcg), has only limited efficacy to prevent adu ...201526315722
the search for new agonists to p2x7r for clinical use: tuberculosis as a possible target.treatment for tuberculosis is effective with the use of proper antibiotics, but the number of drug-resistant cases is increasing. drug resistance occurred in 650,000 cases of the 20 million patients in treatment worldwide in 2011, which demonstrates the necessity of finding new therapeutic approaches. in this context, the search for new medicines and immunomodulators could help reduce the prevalence and incidence of multi-drug-resistant tuberculosis cases. thus several preclinical studies demons ...201526314826
[a case diagnosed with chronic granulomatous disease after disseminated infection following bcg vaccination].bcg (bacillus calmette-guérin) vaccine is a widely used vaccine with the recommendation of world health organization to protect children against miliary tuberculosis (tb) and tb meningitis. severe side effects related to this vaccine mostly manifest in the presence of underlying immunosuppressive disease. in this report, an infant case with unknown chronic granulomatous disease (cgd) who developed disseminated bcg infection after administration of bcg vaccine, was presented. high fever, left axi ...201526313288
[bovine tuberculosis still not to be forgotten even in the czech republic].bovine tuberculosis is caused by two obligate pathogenic species, mycobacterium bovis and m. caprae, that cause severe disease in animals and humans. the oral route of infection causing extrapulmonary forms of the disease in humans is more common than aerogenic infection causing pulmonary tuberculosis. significant risk factors for the development of diseases in humans are mainly consuming insufficiently heat-treated milk or meat from infected animals. since 2004, the czech republic has been list ...201526312376
differential requirements for l-citrulline and l-arginine during antimycobacterial macrophage activity.microbicidal no production is reliant on inducible no synthase-mediated l-arginine metabolism in macrophages (mφs). however, l-arginine supply can be restricted by arginase activity, resulting in inefficient no output and inhibition of antimicrobial mφ function. mφs circumvent this by converting l-citrulline to l-arginine, thereby resupplying substrate for no production. in this article, we define the metabolic signature of mycobacteria-infected murine mφs supplied l-arginine, l-citrulline, or b ...201526311904
mycobacterium bovis infection in a horse with granulomatous enterocolitis.a 2-year-old dappled percheron horse had a wasting condition that did not respond to antibiotic treatments and ultimately resulted in death. thickening of the wall of the large colon and enlargement of the mesenteric lymph nodes were observed at postmortem examination, along with the presence of pinpoint whitish foci in the liver. microscopic examination of affected tissues revealed diffuse chronic granulomatous enterocolitis, granulomatous mesenteric lymphadenitis, and multifocal granulomatous ...201525677270
extent of mycobacterium bovis transmission among animals of dairy and beef cattle and deer farms in south korea determined by variable-number tandem repeats typing.identifying sources of mycobacterium bovis transmission would be essential for establishing effective control programs of bovine tuberculosis (tb), a major zoonosis threatening human health worldwide. as an effort to determine the extent of m. bovis transmission among dairy and beef cattle and deer populations, a mycobacterial interspersed repetitive units (miru)-variable-number tandem repeats (vntr) typing method was employed for analysis of 131 m. bovis isolates from 59 holstein dairy cattle, ...201525676210
quantitative proteomics reveals novel insights into isoniazid susceptibility in mycobacteria mediated by a universal stress protein.tuberculosis (tb) is caused by the ancient pathogen, mycobacterium tuberculosis, and is one of the most serious infectious diseases in the world. isoniazid (inh) is an important first-line drug for the treatment of active and latent tb. inh resistance is an increasing problem in the treatment of tb. phenotypic resistance to inh, however, is poorly understood. in this study, we constructed a strain of mycobacterium bovis bcg that overexpresses the latency-related universal stress protein (usp), b ...201525664397
genetic evolution of mycobacterium bovis causing tuberculosis in livestock and wildlife in france since 1978.to study the dynamics of bovine tuberculosis (btb) in france, 4,654 m. bovis strains isolated mainly from livestock and wildlife since 1978 were characterized by spoligotyping and mlva based on miru-vntr. in our study spoligotyping allowed the discrimination of 176 types although 3 spoligotypes are predominant and account for more than half of the total strain population: sb0120 (26%), sb0134 (11%) and sb0121 (6%). in addition, 11% of the isolates, principally from southern france, showing close ...201525658691
mycobacterium bovid infection of total knee arthroplasty after bacille calmette-guérin therapy for bladder cancer.we present a case of mycobacterium bovis infection of a total knee arthroplasty. this infection developed after use of bacillus calmette-guérin immunotherapy used to treat superficial bladder cancer. the patient presented with joint stiffness. radiographs and inflammatory markers were normal. six weeks after arthroscopy for synovectomy and biopsy, cultures showed m bovis infection of the knee joint. the patient was switched to antitubercular chemotherapy treatment, which resulted in the successf ...201525658082
suppurative supraclavicular bacille calmette-guerine lymphadenitis--a case report, awareness and management options.diagnosis of bacille calmette-guerine (bcg) adenitis is clinical. conventional laboratory tests do not differentiate bcg adenitis from tuberculous adenitis. we report a case of a 3-month-old healthy baby presenting with suppurative bcg adenitis. fnac revealed afb on zn-staining, later confirmed to be mycobacterium bovis by multiplex pcr. the treatment of suppurative bcg adenitis is needle aspiration. anti-tubercular treatment is unwarranted.201525657133
deletion of zmp1 improves mycobacterium bovis bcg-mediated protection in a guinea pig model of tuberculosis.having demonstrated previously that deletion of zinc metalloprotease zmp1 in mycobacterium bovis bcg increased immunogenicity of bcg vaccines, we here investigated the protective efficacy of bcg zmp1 deletion mutants in a guinea pig model of tuberculosis infection. zmp1 deletion mutants of bcg provided enhanced protection by reducing the bacterial load of tubercle bacilli in the lungs of infected guinea pigs. the increased efficacy of bcg due to zmp1 deletion was demonstrated in both bcg pasteur ...201525657094
influence of polymerase brand on microarray-based spoligotyping in low concentrations of mycobacterial dna.spoligotyping is a widely used typing method for the mycobacterium tuberculosis complex. protocols and platforms can be adapted for direct use on patient samples. serial dilutions of genomic dna from mycobacterium bovis bcg strain dsm45071 were spoligotyped by array hybridization using 32 different commercial pcr polymerase preparations. in samples with very low concentrations of mycobacterial dna, commercially available pcr polymerases differed in their performance, and some yielded no, or fals ...201525656919
antemortem diagnosis of mycobacterium bovis infection in free-ranging african lions (panthera leo) and implications for transmission.diagnosis of tuberculosis in wildlife often relies on postmortem samples because of logistical challenges and lack of field-friendly techniques for live animal testing. confirmation of infection through detection of infectious organisms is essential for studying the pathogenesis and epidemiology of disease. we describe the application of a technique to obtain respiratory samples from free-ranging living lions to facilitate detection of viable mycobacterium bovis under field conditions. we identi ...201525647595
the mycobacterium tuberculosis outer membrane channel protein cpnt confers susceptibility to toxic molecules.mycobacterium tuberculosis, the causative agent of tuberculosis, is protected from toxic solutes by an effective outer membrane permeability barrier. recently, we showed that the outer membrane channel protein cpnt is required for efficient nutrient uptake by m. tuberculosis and mycobacterium bovis bcg. in this study, we found that the cpnt mutant of m. bovis bcg is more resistant than the wild type to a large number of drugs and antibiotics, including rifampin, ethambutol, clarithromycin, tetra ...201525645841
low expression level of glna1 accounts for absence of cell wall associated poly-l-glutamate/glutamine in mycobacterium smegmatis.cell wall associated poly-l-glutamine (plg) layer synthesis is directly linked to glutamine synthetase (gs) encoded by glna1 in tuberculosis causing mycobacteria. avirulent mycobacterium smegmatis (m. smegmatis) despite of having a glna1 homolog lacks cell wall associated plg layer. in the present study, we complemented a δglna1 mutant of mycobacterium bovis (lack plg in cell wall) with m. smegmatis glna1 cloned under m. bovis glna1 promoter. plg synthesis was restored in the cell wall of comple ...201525637529
evaluation of mycobacterium bovis double knockout mce2-phop as candidate vaccine against bovine tuberculosis.in this study, a mycobacterium bovis knockout strain in phop-phor and mce2 operons was tested as an antituberculosis experimental vaccine in animal models. the double mutant strain was significantly more attenuated than the wild type strain in inmunocompetent and inmunodeficient mice. vaccination with the double mutant protected mice against challenge with a virulent m. bovis strain.201525620706
histopathology of disseminated mycobacterium bovis infection complicating intravesical bcg immunotherapy for urothelial carcinoma.intravesical instillation of bacillus calmette-guérin (bcg) is a mainstay of adjunctive therapy for superficial bladder cancer. disseminated bcg infection ("bcg-osis") after this therapy is rare and potentially life-threatening; only isolated case reports detail the histopathologic findings thereof, few of which had a diagnosis confirmed by molecular testing. we report 3 additional cases of bcg-osis complicating bcg therapy, all confirmed by cultures and molecular assays, including the first cas ...201525614462
social and economic aspects of the transmission of pathogenic bacteria between wildlife and food animals: a thematic analysis of published research knowledge.wildlife is a known reservoir of pathogenic bacteria, including mycobacterium bovis and brucella spp. transmission of these pathogens between wildlife and food animals can lead to damaging impacts on the agri-food industry and public health. several international case studies have highlighted the complex and cross-sectoral challenges involved in preventing and managing these potential transmission risks. the objective of our study was to develop a better understanding of the socio-economic aspec ...201525611914
mazf ribonucleases promote mycobacterium tuberculosis drug tolerance and virulence in guinea pigs.toxin-antitoxin (ta) systems are highly conserved in members of the mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb) complex and have been proposed to play an important role in physiology and virulence. nine of these ta systems belong to the mazef family, encoding the intracellular mazf toxin and its antitoxin, maze. by overexpressing each of the nine putative mazf homologues in mycobacterium bovis bcg, here we show that rv1102c (mazf3), rv1991c (mazf6) and rv2801c (mazf9) induce bacteriostasis. the constructio ...201525608501
inactivation of mycobacterium bovis ssp. caprae in high-temperature, short-term pasteurized pilot-plant milk.experiments to determine the efficacy of high temperature, short time (htst) pasteurization of milk in terms of inactivation of pathogenic microorganisms were mainly performed between 1930 and 1960. among the target organisms were mycobacterium bovis and mycobacterium tuberculosis. as a result, the codex alimentarius prescribes that htst treatment of milk should lead to a significant reduction of pathogenic microorganisms during milk pasteurization. due to the development of improved methods for ...201525597969
draft genome sequence of mycobacterium bovis strain sp38, a pathogenic bacterium isolated from a bovine in brazil.we report a draft genome sequence of mycobacterium bovis strain sp38, isolated from the lungs of a cow in brazil. the assembly of reads resulted in 36 contigs in a total of approximately 4.37 mb. comparison of m. bovis strains sequenced to date will aid in understanding bovine tuberculosis in brazil.201525999553
transgenic cattle produced by nuclear transfer of fetal fibroblasts carrying ipr1 gene at a specific locus.this study aimed to assess the effects of the intracellular pathogen resistance 1 (ipr1) transgene on preventing infection of mycobacterium bovis in cattle. a specific expression vector for the ipr1 gene was constructed and inserted in the genome between surfactant protein a and methionine adenosyltransferase i of bovine fetal fibroblasts. after scnt, cleavage (86.9% vs. 87.4%, p > 0.05) and blastocyst developmental rates (34.6% vs. 33.5%, p > 0.05) were similar between transgenic and nontransge ...201525998271
mycobacterium bovis infection of cattle and white-tailed deer: translational research of relevance to human tuberculosis.tuberculosis (tb) is a premier example of a disease complex with pathogens primarily affecting humans (i.e., mycobacterium tuberculosis) or livestock and wildlife (i.e., mycobacterium bovis) and with a long history of inclusive collaborations between physicians and veterinarians. advances in the study of bovine tb have been applied to human tb, and vice versa. for instance, landmark discoveries on the use of koch's tuberculin and interferon-γ release assays for diagnostic purposes, as well as ca ...201525991696
mycobacterium bovis in panama, 2013.panama remains free of zoonotic tuberculosis caused by mycobacterium bovis. however, dna fingerprinting of 7 m. bovis isolates from a 2013 bovine tuberculosis outbreak indicated minimal homology with strains previously circulating in panama. m. bovis dispersion into panama highlights the need for enhanced genotype testing to track zoonotic infections.201525988479
selective breeding: the future of tb management in african buffalo?the high prevalence of bovine tuberculosis (btb) in african buffalo (syncerus caffer) in regions of southern african has a negative economic impact on the trade of animals and animal products, represents an ecological threat to biodiversity, and poses a health risk to local communities through the wildlife-cattle-human interface. test and cull methods may not be logistically feasible in many free-range wildlife systems, and with the presence of co-existing btb hosts and the limited effectiveness ...201525985909
inflammasomes-dependent regulation of il-1β secretion induced by the virulent mycobacterium bovis beijing strain in thp-1 macrophages.mycobacterium bovis is the causative agent of tuberculosis in cattle. infection of macrophages with m. bovis leads to the activation of the "nucleotide binding and oligomerization, leucine-rich repeat and pyrin domains-containing protein 3" (nlrp3) and "absent in melanoma 2" (aim2) inflammasomes, which in turn triggers release of the proinflammatory cytokine interleukin-1β (il-1β) that contributes to bacterial clearance and plays a crucial role in the host defense. however, nlrp3 and aim2 inflam ...201525980833
differentiation of malignant tumours from granulomas by using dynamic [(18)f]-fluoro-l-α-methyltyrosine positron emission tomography.previous clinical studies have revealed the potential of [(18)f]-fluoro-l-α-methyltyrosine ((18)f-famt) for the differential diagnosis of malignant tumours from sarcoidosis. however, one concern regarding the differential diagnosis with (18)f-famt is the possibility of false negatives given the small absolute uptake of (18)f-famt that has been observed in some malignant tumours. the aim of this study was to evaluate a usefulness of dynamic (18)f-famt positron emission tomography (pet) for differ ...201525977883
bayesian analysis to evaluate tests for the detection of mycobacterium bovis infection in free-ranging wild bison (bison bison athabascae) in the absence of a gold standard.we estimated the sensitivity and specificity of the caudal-fold skin test (cft), the fluorescent polarization assay (fpa), and the rapid lateral-flow test (rt) for the detection of mycobacterium bovis in free-ranging wild wood bison (bison bison athabascae), in the absence of a gold standard, by using bayesian analysis, and then used those estimates to forecast the performance of a pairwise combination of tests in parallel. in 1998-99, 212 wood bison from wood buffalo national park (canada) were ...201525973619
prime-boost vaccination with bacillus calmette guerin and a recombinant adenovirus co-expressing cfp10, esat6, ag85a and ag85b of mycobacterium tuberculosis induces robust antigen-specific immune responses in mice.tuberculosis (tb) remains to be a prevalent health issue worldwide. at present, mycobacterium bovis bacillus calmette guerin (bcg) is the singular anti-tb vaccine available for the prevention of disease in humans; however, this vaccine only provides limited protection against mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb) infection. therefore, the development of alternative vaccines and strategies for increasing the efficacy of vaccination against tb are urgently required. the present study aimed to evaluate ...201525962477
characterization of genome-wide ordered sequence-tagged mycobacterium mutant libraries by cartesian pooling-coordinate sequencing.reverse genetics research approaches require the availability of methods to rapidly generate specific mutants. alternatively, where these methods are lacking, the construction of pre-characterized libraries of mutants can be extremely valuable. however, this can be complex, expensive and time consuming. here, we describe a robust, easy to implement parallel sequencing-based method (cartesian pooling-coordinate sequencing or cp-cseq) that reports both on the identity as well as on the location of ...201525960123
comparison of the tuberculin test, histopathological examination, and bacterial culture for the diagnosis of tuberculosis (mycobacterium bovis) in buffaloes (bubalus bubalis) in brazil.tuberculosis is a disease with a great zoonotic potential. it is considered a major obstacle to cattle production and is responsible for severe losses in several production systems. a comparative cervical test (cct) was performed in 1140 buffaloes from different mesoregions of the state of pará, brazil, with the aim of comparing the sensitivity and specificity of cct with histopathological examination and bacterial culture. of the animals tested using cct, 4.65% (53/1140) were positive, 2.98% (3 ...201525958174
risk factors for visible lesions or positive laboratory tests in bovine tuberculosis reactor cattle in northern ireland.an observational case-control study was conducted to investigate risk factors for confirmed bovine tuberculosis (btb) infection in cattle reacting positively to the single intradermal comparative cervical test (sicct) in northern ireland in the years 1998, 2002 and 2006. macroscopic lesions were detected at slaughter (positive visible lesion (vl) status) in 43.0% of reactor cattle, whilst 45.3% of those sampled were confirmed as btb positive due to the presence of lesions or positive histopathol ...201525957973
the use of pcr technique in the identification of mycobacterium species responsible for bovine tuberculosis in cattle and buffaloes in pakistan.bovine tuberculosis is one of the important diseases of dairy and wild animals. the disease is prevalent all over the world, though developed countries have tremendously reduced the prevalence through eradication campaigns. the prevalence of disease in pakistan on the basis of tuberculin testing or culture isolation of the organism has been reported previously. it is, however, important to use the latest diagnostic tools, i.e. pcr to confirm the type of mycobacterium infecting the animals in pak ...201525953024
mycobacterium bovis bcg vaccination induces divergent proinflammatory or regulatory t cell responses in adults.mycobacterium bovis bacillus calmette-guérin (bcg), the only currently available vaccine against tuberculosis, induces variable protection in adults. immune correlates of protection are lacking, and analyses on cytokine-producing t cell subsets in protected versus unprotected cohorts have yielded inconsistent results. we studied the primary t cell response, both proinflammatory and regulatory t cell responses, induced by bcg vaccination in adults. twelve healthy adult volunteers who were tubercu ...201525947145
proposal of a screening miru-vntr panel for the preliminary genotyping of mycobacterium bovis in mexico.mycobacterium bovis is the major causative agent of bovine tuberculosis, one of the most relevant zoonoses in the world, and affects a wide range of wild and domesticated animals. development of screening panels in mycobacterial genotyping, according to specific geographical regions, is strongly needed. the aim of this study is to select a panel, constituted by highly polymorphic miru-vntr loci, to discriminate clinical isolates of m. bovis in mexico. in this study, 65 isolates of m. bovis obtai ...201525945333
essential role of the esx-5 secretion system in outer membrane permeability of pathogenic mycobacteria.mycobacteria possess different type vii secretion (t7s) systems to secrete proteins across their unusual cell envelope. one of these systems, esx-5, is only present in slow-growing mycobacteria and responsible for the secretion of multiple substrates. however, the role of esx-5 substrates in growth and/or virulence is largely unknown. in this study, we show that esx-5 is essential for growth of both mycobacterium marinum and mycobacterium bovis. remarkably, this essentiality can be rescued by in ...201525938982
transcriptional and proteomic analyses of two-component response regulators in multidrug-resistant mycobacterium tuberculosis.two-component systems (tcss) have been reported to exhibit a sensing and responding role under drug stress that induces drug resistance in several bacterial species. however, the relationship between tcss and multidrug resistance in mycobacterium tuberculosis has not been comprehensively analysed to date. in this study, 90 m. tuberculosis clinical isolates were analysed using 15-loci mycobacterial interspersed repetitive unit (miru)-variable number tandem repeat (vntr) typing and repetitive extr ...201525937537
a new lymphocyte proliferation assay for potency determination of bovine tuberculin ppds.the tuberculin skin test is the method of choice for tuberculosis surveillance in livestock ruminants. the exact definition of the biological activity of bovine tuberculin purified protein derivatives (bovine tuberculin ppds) is essential for the reliability of a test system. ppds consist of heterogeneous mixtures of mycobacterial antigens, making it difficult to determine their potency in vitro. the commonly used batch potency test is therefore based on the evaluation of skin reactions in mycob ...201525935213
anti-dormant mycobacterial activity and target analysis of nybomycin produced by a marine-derived streptomyces sp.in the course of our search for anti-dormant mycobacterial substances, nybomycin (1) was re-discovered from the culture broth of a marine-derived streptomyces sp. on the bioassay-guided separation. compound 1 showed anti-microbial activity against mycobacterium smegmatis and mycobacterium bovis bcg with the mic of 1.0μg/ml under both actively growing aerobic conditions and dormancy inducing hypoxic conditions. compound 1 is also effective to mycobacterium tuberculosis including the clinically is ...201525934225
mycobacterium bovis infection in the lion (panthera leo): current knowledge, conundrums and research challenges.mycobacterium bovis has global public-health and socio-economic significance and can infect a wide range of species including the lion (panthera leo) resulting in tuberculosis. lions are classified as vulnerable under the iucn red list of threatened species and have experienced a 30% population decline in the past two decades. however, no attempt has been made to collate and critically evaluate the available knowledge of m. bovis infections in lions and potential effects on population. in this r ...201525891424
evaluation of miru-vntr for typing of mycobacterium bovis isolated from sika deer in northeast china.bovine tuberculosis has led to serious economic losses for sika deer producers in china. strategies for controlling the spread of mycobacterium bovis are often hampered by a lack of epidemiological data. specifically, tracing infections requires the ability to trace back infections, which, in turn, requires the ability to determine isolates with a common source. this study was planned to assess the discriminatory power of each mycobacterial interspersed repetitive unit (miru)-variable number tan ...201525889075
investigation of the high rates of extrapulmonary tuberculosis in ethiopia reveals no single driving factor and minimal evidence for zoonotic transmission of mycobacterium bovis infection.ethiopia, a high tuberculosis (tb) burden country, reports one of the highest incidence rates of extra-pulmonary tb dominated by cervical lymphadenitis (tbln). infection with mycobacterium bovis has previously been excluded as the main reason for the high rate of extrapulmonary tb in ethiopia.201525886866
characterization of effector and memory t cell subsets in the immune response to bovine tuberculosis in cattle.cultured ifn-γ elispot assays are primarily a measure of central memory t cell (tcm) responses with humans; however, this important subset of lymphocytes is poorly characterized in cattle. vaccine-elicited cultured ifn-γ elispot responses correlate with protection against bovine tuberculosis in cattle. however, whether this assay measures cattle tcm responses or not is uncertain. the objective of the present study was to characterize the relative contribution of tcm (ccr7+, cd62lhi, cd45ro+), t ...201525879774
genomic analysis of a mycobacterium bovis bacillus [corrected] calmette-guérin strain isolated from an adult patient with pulmonary tuberculosis..for years, bacillus calmette-guérin (bcg) has served as the unique vaccine against tuberculosis and has generally been regarded as safe. however, a clinical strain labeled 3281 that was isolated from a tb patient was identified to be bcg. via the combination of next-generation sequencing (ngs) and comparative genomic analysis, unique 3281 genetic characteristics were revealed. a region containing the dnaa and dnan genes that is closely related to the initial chromosome replication was found to r ...201525876043
increased protective efficacy of recombinant bcg strains expressing virulence-neutral proteins of the esx-1 secretion system.mycobacterium bovis bcg is presently the only available anti-tuberculosis vaccine used, worldwide. while bcg protects against miliary tuberculosis (tb) and tuberculoid meningitis in children, it often fails to protect against adult pulmonary tb. it is thus imperative that new improved anti-tb vaccines are developed. the integration of the esx-1 secretion system, absent from bcg due to the deletion of region of difference 1 (rd1), into the genome of bcg has been shown to confer to bcg::esx-1 enha ...201525869896
a case of infectious endocarditis due to bcg.the occurrence of bacillus calmette-guérin (bcg) disease following instillation for bladder cancer is commonly documented. the intravesical administration of bcg is generally safe, but may present severe complications. a fatal case of native aortic valve infectious endocarditis with septicemia due to bcg in a patient treated with intravesical instillation is reported herein.201525869076
the cyclic di-gmp phosphodiesterase gene rv1357c/bcg1419c affects bcg pellicle production and in vivo maintenance.bacteria living in a surface-attached community that contains a heterogeneous population, coated with an extracellular matrix, and showing drug tolerance (biofilms) are often linked to chronic infections. in mycobacteria, the pellicle mode of growth has been equated to an in vitro biofilm and meets several of the criteria mentioned above, while tuberculosis infection presents a chronic (latent) phase of infection. as mycobacteria lack most genes required to control biofilm production by other mi ...201525865678
molecular diagnosis of bovine tuberculosis in bovine and human samples: implications for zoonosis.to develop emerging diagnostic technique for bovine tuberculosis and to identify its potential risk factors.201525865192
evaluation of the efficiency of nested q-pcr in the detection of mycobacterium tuberculosis complex directly from tuberculosis-suspected lesions in post-mortem macroscopic inspections of bovine carcasses slaughtered in the state of mato grosso, brazil.bovine tuberculosis (btb) is a zoonotic disease caused by mycobacterium bovis, a member of the mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (mtc). the quick and specific detection of this species is of extreme importance, since btb may cause economic impacts, in addition to presenting imminent risks to human health. in the present study a nested real-time pcr test (nested q-pcr) was used in post-mortem evaluations to assess cattle carcasses with btb-suspected lesions. a total of 41,193 cattle slaughtered ...201525863190
some south african rubiaceae tree leaf extracts have antimycobacterial activity against pathogenic and non-pathogenic mycobacterium species.tuberculosis (tb) caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis remains an ongoing threat to human health. many plant species contain antimycobacterial compounds, which may serve as template molecules for new anti-tb drugs. the rubiaceae family is the largest family of trees in southern africa, and preliminary evidence revealed antimycobacterial activity in several species of the genus, motivating further studies. leaf extracts of 15 tree species from the rubiaceae family were screened for antimycobacter ...201525857273
an evaluation of the use of immunoglobulin a antibody response against mycobacterial antigens for the diagnosis of mycobacterium bovis infection in cattle.antibody responses are useful indicators of mycobacterium bovis infection in cattle. many studies have evaluated the ability of immunoglobulin g (igg) to serodiagnose bovine tuberculosis (tb). in the current study, immunoglobulin a (iga) and igg responses against the mpb70 and mpb83 antigens of m. bovis, the 38 kda phosphate-binding lipoprotein (psts1) that is a well-known serodiagnostic m. tuberculosis antigen, and a newly identified protein, termed rv1483c, were compared in m. bovis-infected a ...201525855362
[when will the new tuberculosis vaccine appear?].the problem of tuberculosis prophylaxis remains actual for many countries of the world including russia. the search of candidates for substitution of the only authorized bcg vaccine has been ongoing for some time, because it does not prevent reactivation of the causative agent in the latent stage and causes generalized bcg-infection in individuals with pronounced immune deficiency. in october 2013 in lille at the european congress "world vaccine 2013" results of multi-year projects and trials of ...201525842959
the buffalo co-infection conundrum.parasitic worms modulate host immunity, affecting co-infection with mycobacterium bovis (btb). ezenwa and jolles suggested that anthelmintic treatment reduced btb-induced mortality, but increased btb spread. reduced mortality should be weighed against the risk of increasing pathogen spread when adopting this strategy for human treatment of mycobacterium tuberculosis, btb, and hiv.201525818850
guillain-barré syndrome associated with mycobacterium bovis lymphadenitis.guillain-barré syndrome (gbs) is an autoimmune disease that can be triggered by different infectious agents. here we report the case of a 26-year-old algerian woman who developed gbs associated with a mycobacterium bovis cervical lymphadenitis. following intravenous immunoglobulin therapy, the patient's neurologic state returned to normal after 3 months. the lymphadenitis responded more slowly to the antituberculous treatment and an excision of necrotic cervical lymph nodes had to be performed f ...201525814190
Refresh
firstprev
12345678910...
nextlast
Displaying items 501 - 600 of 10943