Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
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| [effectiveness of three biological larvicides and of an insect growth regulator against anopheles arabiensis in senegal]. | urban malaria is a major public health problem in africa. in senegal, the environmental changes seem to favor the persistence of malaria transmission in dakar suburbs by creating, throughout the year, potential breeding sites of malaria vectors. in such a situation and in a context of a growing threat of insecticide resistance in anopheline vectors, the larval control making use of products from biological origin or growth regulators could represent an additional tool to the current strategies d ... | 2016 | 27942991 |
| structural complexity of filaments formed from the actin and tubulin folds. | from yeast to man, an evolutionary distance of 1.3 billion years, the f-actin filament structure has been conserved largely in line with the 94% sequence identity. the situation is entirely different in bacteria. in comparison to eukaryotic actins, the bacterial actin-like proteins (alps) show medium to low levels of sequence identity. this is extreme in the case of the parm family of proteins, which often display less than 20% identity. parms are plasmid segregation proteins that form the polym ... | 2016 | 28042378 |
| field-evolved resistance in corn earworm to cry proteins expressed by transgenic sweet corn. | transgenic corn engineered with genes expressing insecticidal toxins from the bacterium bacillus thuringiensis (berliner) (bt) are now a major tool in insect pest management. with its widespread use, insect resistance is a major threat to the sustainability of the bt transgenic technology. for all bt corn expressing cry toxins, the high dose requirement for resistance management is not achieved for corn earworm, helicoverpa zea (boddie), which is more tolerant to the bt toxins. | 2016 | 28036388 |
| transferrin impacts bacillus thuringiensis biofilm levels. | the present study examined the impact of transferrin on bacillus thuringiensis biofilms. three commercial strains, an environmental strain (33679), the type strain (10792), and an isolate from a diseased insect (700872), were cultured in iron restricted minimal medium. all strains produced biofilm when grown in vinyl plates at 30°c. b. thuringiensis 33679 had a biofilm biomass more than twice the concentration exhibited by the other strains. the addition of transferrin resulted in slightly incre ... | 2016 | 28025643 |
| interaction of transgenic and natural insect resistance mechanisms against spodoptera littoralis in cotton. | insect-resistant transgenic plants that express insecticidal cry proteins from bacillus thuringiensis (bt) are grown on millions of hectares worldwide. while these proteins are efficient in controlling key lepidopteran pests, not all pests are affected and the development of resistance in target pests is always a concern. these shortcomings could be addressed by exploiting the natural insect resistance of cotton, especially inducible terpenoids such as gossypol. | 2016 | 28019063 |
| bacillus thuringiensis and bacillus weihenstephanensis inhibit the growth of phytopathogenic verticillium species. | verticillium wilt causes severe yield losses in a broad range of economically important crops worldwide. as many soil fumigants have a severe environmental impact, new biocontrol strategies are needed. members of the genus bacillus are known as plant growth-promoting bacteria (pgpb) as well as biocontrol agents of pests and diseases. in this study, we isolated 267 bacillus strains from root-associated soil of field-grown tomato plants. we evaluated the antifungal potential of 20 phenotypically d ... | 2016 | 28149292 |
| an anionic defensin from plutella xylostella with potential activity against bacillus thuringiensis. | insect defensins, are cationic peptides that play an important role in immunity against microbial infection. in the present study, an anionic defensin from plutella xylostella, (designated as pxdef) was first cloned and characterized. amino acid sequence analysis showed that the mature peptide owned characteristic six-cysteine motifs with predicted isoelectric point of 5.57, indicating an anionic defensin. quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis showed that pxdef was significan ... | 2016 | 27443911 |
| nprr, a moonlighting quorum sensor shifting from a phosphatase activity to a transcriptional activator. | regulation of biological functions requires factors (proteins, peptides or chemicals) able to sense and translate environmental conditions or any circumstances in order to modulate the transcription of a gene, the stability of a transcript or the activity of a protein. quorum sensing is a regulation mechanism connecting cell density to the physiological state of a single cell. in bacteria, quorum sensing coordinates virulence, cell fate and commitment to sporulation and other adaptation properti ... | 2016 | 28357327 |
| an in-depth characterization of the entomopathogenic strain bacillus pumilus 15.1 reveals that it produces inclusion bodies similar to the parasporal crystals of bacillus thuringiensis. | in the present work, the local isolate bacillus pumilus 15.1 has been morphologically and biochemically characterized in order to gain a better understanding of this novel entomopathogenic strain active against ceratitis capitata. this strain could represent an interesting biothechnological tool for the control of this pest. here, we report on its nutrient preferences, extracellular enzyme production, motility mechanism, biofilm production, antibiotic suceptibility, natural resistance to chemica ... | 2016 | 26782747 |
| comparative genomics analysis of the companion mechanisms of bacillus thuringiensis bc601 and bacillus endophyticus hbe603 in bacterial consortium. | bacillus thuringiensis and bacillus endophyticus both act as the companion bacteria, which cooperate with ketogulonigenium vulgare in vitamin c two-step fermentation. two bacillus species have different morphologies, swarming motility and 2-keto-l-gulonic acid productivities when they co-culture with k. vulgare. here, we report the complete genome sequencing of b. thuringiensis bc601 and eight plasmids of b. endophyticus hbe603, and carry out the comparative genomics analysis. consequently, b. t ... | 2016 | 27353048 |
| effects of n-/c-terminal extra tags on the optimal reaction conditions, activity, and quaternary structure of bacillus thuringiensis glucose 1-dehydrogenase. | glucose dehydrogenase (gdh) is an oxidoreductase enzyme and is used as a biocatalyst to regenerate nad(p)h in reductase-mediated chiral synthesis reactions. in this study, the glucose 1-dehydrogenase b gene (gdhb) was cloned from bacillus thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki, and wild-type (gdh-bt(wt)) and his-tagged (gdh-bt(n-his), gdh-bt(c-his)) enzymes were produced in escherichia coli bl21 (de3). all enzymes were produced in the soluble forms from e. coli. gdh-bt(wt) and gdh-bt(n-his) showed high s ... | 2016 | 27363470 |
| genetic and functional analyses of krs, a locus encoding kurstakin, a lipopeptide produced by bacillus thuringiensis. | bacteria of the bacillus genus are able to synthesize several families of lipopeptides. these small molecules are the product of non-ribosomal peptide synthetases. in 2000, it was found that bacillus thuringiensis, an entomopathogenic bacterium of the bacillus cereus group, produced a previously unknown lipopeptide: kurstakin. genomic analyses reveal that the krs locus, encoding the kurstakin synthetases, is specific to the b. cereus group, but is unevenly distributed within this group. previous ... | 2016 | 27353188 |
| mob/orit, a mobilizable site-specific recombination system for unmarked genetic manipulation in bacillus thuringiensis and bacillus cereus. | bacillus thuringiensis and bacillus cereus are two important species in b. cereus group. the intensive study of these strains at the molecular level and construction of genetically modified bacteria requires the development of efficient genetic tools. to insert genes into or delete genes from bacterial chromosomes, marker-less manipulation methods were employed. | 2016 | 27286821 |
| probiotic bacillus cereus strains, a potential risk for public health in china. | bacillus cereus is an important cause of foodborne infectious disease and food poisoning. however, b. cereus has also been used as a probiotic in human medicine and livestock production, with low standards of safety assessment. in this study, we evaluated the safety of 15 commercial probiotic b. cereus preparations from china in terms of mislabeling, toxin production, and transferable antimicrobial resistance. most preparations were incorrectly labeled, as they contained additional bacterial spe ... | 2016 | 27242738 |
| the two-component signal transduction system yvcpq regulates the bacterial resistance to bacitracin in bacillus thuringiensis. | yvcpq is one of the two-component signal transduction systems that respond to specific stimuli and enable cells to adjust multiple cellular functions. it consists of a histidine kinase yvcq and a response regulator yvcp. in this study, through searching the consensus sequence recognized by yvcp, we found four yvcp-binding motifs in the promoter regions of genes yvcr (bmb171_c4100), bmb171_c4385, kapd (bmb171_c4525) and bmb171_c4835 in bacillus thuringiensis bmb171 which is a representative of ba ... | 2016 | 27188294 |
| two distinct pathways lead bacillus thuringiensis to commit to sporulation in biofilm. | the spore-forming bacterium bacillus thuringiensis is an efficient biofilm producer, responsible for persistent contamination of industrial food processing systems. b. thuringiensis biofilms are highly heterogeneous bacterial structures in which three distinct cell types controlled by quorum sensing regulators were identified: plcr-controlled virulent cells, nprr-dependent necrotrophic cells and cells committed to sporulation, a differentiation process controlled by rap phosphatases and spo0a-p. ... | 2016 | 27106256 |
| occurrence of toxigenic bacillus cereus and bacillus thuringiensis in doenjang, a korean fermented soybean paste. | this study determined the prevalence and toxin profile of bacillus cereus and bacillus thuringiensis in doenjang, a fermented soybean food, made using both traditional and commercial methods. the 51 doenjang samples tested were broadly contaminated with b. cereus; in contrast, only one sample was positive for b. thuringiensis. all b. cereus isolates from doenjang were positive for diarrheal toxin genes. the frequencies of nheabc and hblacd in traditional samples were 22.7 and 0%, respectively, w ... | 2016 | 27052865 |
| development of a double-antibody sandwich elisa for rapid detection of bacillus cereus in food. | bacillus cereus is increasingly recognized as one of the major causes of food poisoning in the industrialized world. in this paper, we describe a sensitive double-antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) that was developed for rapid detection of b. cereus in food to minimize the risk of contamination. the polyclonal antibody (pab) and monoclonal antibodies (mabs) specific to b. cereus were generated from rabbit antiserum and mouse ascites, respectively, using the octanoic acid ... | 2016 | 26976753 |
| [septicaemia of chironomid larvae (diptera: chironomidae) promoted by bacillus cereus and b. thuringiensis]. | natural factors regulating the population of chironomids were studied. the bacteria bacillus cereus were isolated from chironomids sampled from kuyalnitskii firth after epizooty of chironomus sp., and bacteria bacillus thuringiensis spp. israelensis (bti) were isolated from dead larva of chironomus plumosus sampled in the sea of azov (3-m depth). bti were characterized by high insecticide activity on midges anopheles messeae fall., aedes cireneus mg., and culex pipiens pipiens f. pipiens l. | 2016 | 22988756 |
| identification and analysis of informative single nucleotide polymorphisms in 16s rrna gene sequences of the bacillus cereus group. | analysis of 16s rrna genes is important for phylogenetic classification of known and novel bacterial genera and species and for detection of uncultivable bacteria. pcr amplification of 16s rrna genes with universal primers produces a mixture of amplicons from all rrna operons in the genome, and the sequence data generally yield a consensus sequence. here we describe valuable data that are missing from consensus sequences, variable effects on sequence data generated from nonidentical 16s rrna amp ... | 2016 | 27582514 |
| comparison of four commercial dna extraction kits for the recovery of bacillus spp. spore dna from spiked powder samples. | bacillus spp. include human pathogens such as bacillus anthracis, the causative agent of anthrax and a biothreat agent. bacillus spp. form spores that are physically highly resistant and may remain active over sample handling. we tested four commercial dna extraction kits (qiaamp dna mini kit, rtp pathogen kit, zr fungal/bacterial dna miniprep, and genesig easy dna/rna extraction kit) for sample inactivation and dna recovery from two powders (icing sugar and potato flour) spiked with bacillus th ... | 2016 | 27435532 |
| discovery of a unique extracellular polysaccharide in members of the pathogenic bacillus that can co-form with spores. | an exopolysaccharide, produced during the late stage of stationary growth phase, was discovered and purified from the culture medium of bacillus cereus, bacillus anthracis, and bacillus thuringiensis when strains were grown in a defined nutrient medium that induces biofilm. two-dimensional nmr structural characterization of the polysaccharide, named pzx, revealed that it is composed of an unusual three amino-sugar sequence repeat of [-3)xylnac4oac(α1-3)glcnaca4oac(α1-3)xylnac(α1-]n the sugar res ... | 2016 | 27402849 |
| inactivation of bacillus anthracis spores during laboratory-scale composting of feedlot cattle manure. | anthrax outbreaks in livestock have social, economic and health implications, altering farmer's livelihoods, impacting trade and posing a zoonotic risk. our study investigated the survival of bacillus thuringiensis and b. anthracis spores sporulated at 15, 20, or 37°c, over 33 days of composting. spores (∼7.5 log10 cfu g(-1)) were mixed with manure and composted in laboratory scale composters. after 15 days, the compost was mixed and returned to the composter for a second cycle. temperatures pea ... | 2016 | 27303388 |
| maldi-tof ms portrait of emetic and non-emetic bacillus cereus group members. | the number of foodborne intoxications caused by emetic bacillus cereus isolates has increased significantly. as such, rapid and reliable methods to identify emetic strains appear to be clinically relevant. in this study, intact cell matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (maldi-tof ms) was used to differentiate emetic and non-emetic bacilli. the phyloproteomic clustering of 34 b. cereus emetic and 88 non-emetic isolates classified as b. cereus, bacillus thur ... | 2016 | 27196540 |
| cyclic diguanylate regulation of bacillus cereus group biofilm formation. | biofilm formation can be considered a bacterial virulence mechanism. in a range of gram-negatives, increased levels of the second messenger cyclic diguanylate (c-di-gmp) promotes biofilm formation and reduces motility. other bacterial processes known to be regulated by c-di-gmp include cell division, differentiation and virulence. among gram-positive bacteria, where the function of c-di-gmp signalling is less well characterized, c-di-gmp was reported to regulate swarming motility in bacillus sub ... | 2016 | 27116468 |
| glycosylation of bcla glycoprotein from bacillus cereus and bacillus anthracis exosporium is domain-specific. | the spores of the bacillus cereus group (b. cereus, bacillus anthracis, and bacillus thuringiensis) are surrounded by a paracrystalline flexible yet resistant layer called exosporium that plays a major role in spore adhesion and virulence. the major constituent of its hairlike surface, the trimerized glycoprotein bcla, is attached to the basal layer through an n-terminal domain. it is then followed by a repetitive collagen-like neck bearing a globular head (c-terminal domain) that promotes glyco ... | 2016 | 26921321 |
| crystal structure of the bacillus-conserved mazg protein, a nucleotide pyrophosphohydrolase. | ba1544 from bacillus anthracis was previously annotated as a transcription factor for the gene cluster ba1554 - ba1558, but has not been experimentally characterized. b. anthracis is an obligate pathogen causing fatal inhalational anthrax, and ba1544 is absolutely conserved in bacillus species, including bacillus cereus, bacillus thuringiensis and bacillus mycoides, with 100% sequence identity. to address the function of ba1544, we performed structural and biochemical studies, which revealed tha ... | 2016 | 26920050 |
| the regulation of exosporium-related genes in bacillus thuringiensis. | bacillus anthracis, bacillus cereus, and bacillus thuringiensis (bt) are spore-forming members of the bacillus cereus group. spores of b. cereus group species are encircled by exosporium, which is composed of an external hair-like nap and a paracrystalline basal layer. despite the extensive studies on the structure of the exosporium-related proteins, little is known about the transcription and regulation of exosporium gene expression in the b. cereus group. herein, we studied the regulation of s ... | 2016 | 26805020 |
| hot, humid air decontamination of a c-130 aircraft contaminated with spores of two acrystalliferous bacillus thuringiensis strains, surrogates for bacillus anthracis. | to develop test methods and evaluate survival of bacillus thuringiensis kurstaki cry(-) hd-1 and b. thuringiensis al hakam spores after exposure to hot, humid air inside of a c-130 aircraft. | 2016 | 26786717 |
| heat and desiccation are the predominant factors affecting inactivation of bacillus licheniformis and bacillus thuringiensis spores during simulated composting. | the suitability of composting for disposal of livestock mortalities due to bacillus anthracis was assessed by measuring viability of surrogate spores from two strains each of bacillus licheniformis and bacillus thuringiensis after a heating cycle modelled on a cattle composting study. | 2016 | 26513540 |
| aerosol and surface deposition characteristics of two surrogates for bacillus anthracis spores. | spores of an acrystalliferous derivative of bacillus thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki, termed btcry-, are morphologically, aerodynamically, and structurally indistinguishable from bacillus anthracis spores. btcry- spores were dispersed in a large, open-ended barn together with spores of bacillus atrophaeus subsp. globigii, a historically used surrogate for bacillus anthracis spore suspensions (2 × 10(12) cfu each of b. atrophaeus subsp. globigii and btcry-) were aerosolized in each of five spray ev ... | 2016 | 27613681 |
| improving phylogeny reconstruction at the strain level using peptidome datasets. | typical bacterial strain differentiation methods are often challenged by high genetic similarity between strains. to address this problem, we introduce a novel in silico peptide fingerprinting method based on conventional wet-lab protocols that enables the identification of potential strain-specific peptides. these can be further investigated using in vitro approaches, laying a foundation for the development of biomarker detection and application-specific methods. this novel method aims at reduc ... | 2016 | 28033346 |
| genomic characterization and comparison of seven myoviridae bacteriophage infecting bacillus thuringiensis. | bacillus thuringiensis kurstaki, a bacterium that is a source of biopesticides and a safe simulant for pathogenic bacillus species, was used to isolate seven unique bacteriophages. the phage genomes were sequenced and ranged in size from 158,100 to 163,019 bp encoding 290-299 genes, and the gc content of ~38% was similar to that of the host bacterium. all phages had terminal repeats 2-3 kb long. three of the phages encoded trnas and three contained a self-splicing intron in the dna polymerase ge ... | 2016 | 26773385 |
| transcriptome analysis of bacillus thuringiensis spore life, germination and cell outgrowth in a vegetable-based food model. | toxigenic species belonging to bacillus cereus sensu lato, including bacillus thuringiensis, cause foodborne outbreaks thanks to their capacity to survive as spores and to grow in food matrixes. the goal of this work was to assess by means of a genome-wide transcriptional assay, in the food isolate b. thuringiensis uc10070, the gene expression behind the process of spore germination and consequent outgrowth in a vegetable-based food model. scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive x-ray ... | 2016 | 26742618 |
| isolation and characterization of bacterial endophytes of curcuma longa l. | fourteen endophytic bacterial isolates were isolated from the rhizome of curcuma longa l. were characterized on the basis of morphology, biochemical characteristics and 16s rrna gene sequence analysis. the isolates were identified to six strains namely bacillus cereus (ecl1), bacillus thuringiensis (ecl2), bacillus sp. (ecl3), bacillus pumilis (ecl4), pseudomonas putida (ecl5), and clavibacter michiganensis (ecl6). all the strains produced iaa and solubilized phosphate and only two strains produ ... | 2016 | 28330130 |
| production of co-polymers of polyhydroxyalkanoates by regulating the hydrolysis of biowastes. | production of polyhydroxyalkanoate (pha) co-polymers by bacillus spp. was studied by feeding defined volatile fatty acids (vfas) obtained through controlled hydrolysis of various wastes. eleven mixed hydrolytic cultures (mhcs) each containing 6 strains could generate vfa from slurries of (2% total solids): pea-shells (ps), potato peels (pp), apple pomace (ap) and onion peels (op). ps hydrolysates (obtained with mhc2 and mhc5) inoculated with bacillus cereus egu43 and bacillus thuringiensis egu45 ... | 2016 | 26512866 |
| effects of feeding transgenic corn with mcry1ac or maroacc gene to laying hens for 12 weeks on growth, egg quality and organ health. | the objective of the present study was to investigate the effect of feeding two transgenic corn lines containing the mcry1ac gene from bacillus thuringiensis strain (bt-799) and the maroacc gene from agrobacterium tumefaciens strain (cc-2), respectively, on growth, egg quality and organ health indicators. expression of the mcry1ac gene confers resistance to pyrausta nubilalis and the maroacc gene confers tolerance to herbicides. healthy hens (n=96 placed in cages; 3 hens/cage) were randomly assi ... | 2016 | 26915544 |
| modification of cry4aa toward improved toxin processing in the gut of the pea aphid, acyrthosiphon pisum. | aphids are sap-sucking insects (order: hemiptera) that cause extensive damage to a wide range of agricultural crops. our goal was to optimize a naturally occurring insecticidal crystalline (cry) toxins produced by the soil-dwelling bacterium bacillus thuringiensis for use against the pea aphid, acyrthosiphon pisum. on the basis that activation of the cry4aa toxin is a rate-limiting factor contributing to the relatively low aphicidal activity of this toxin, we introduced cathepsin l and cathepsin ... | 2016 | 27171411 |
| a new formulation of bacillus thuringiensis: uv protection and sustained release mosquito larvae studies. | persistence of bacillus thuringiensis is an important factor in determining the success of this product as a pest control agent. in this report we present the development of a highly active mosquitocidal formulation with high resistance to uv. llp29-m19 strain of bt, selected by repeated exposure to uv was found to be highly resistant to uv. the product was optimized and the methods used were statistically analyzed. using single-factor experiments it was determined that the optimal concentration ... | 2016 | 28004743 |
| genetic basis of cry1f-resistance in a laboratory selected asian corn borer strain and its cross-resistance to other bacillus thuringiensis toxins. | the asian corn borer (acb), ostrinia furnacalis (guenée) (lepidoptera: crambidae), is the most destructive insect pest of corn in china. susceptibility to the cry1f toxin derived from bacillus thuringiensis has been demonstrated for acb, suggesting the potential for cry1f inclusion as part of an insect pest management program. insects can develop resistance to cry toxins, which threatens the development and use of bt formulations and bt crops in the field. to determine possible resistance mechan ... | 2016 | 27518813 |
| microbial diversity and biochemical characteristics of borassus akeassii wine. | palm wine produced traditionally and consumed by many people in the south-west of burkina faso is subject to alteration. in this study, we carried out a follow-up of two palm wines' fermentation during the 10 days in which palm wines are classically produced and consumed. we monitored biochemical characteristics of fermenting wines as well as followed the microflora kinetics using culture-dependent and culture-independent methods. the analysis of the acid content and the bacterial population rev ... | 2016 | 27450560 |
| characterization and pathogenicity assessment of gut-associated microbes of muga silkworm antheraea assamensis helfer (lepidoptera: saturniidae). | antheraea assamensis helfer (muga silkworm) is an economically important endemic insect species of north eastern region of india. the silkworm is often susceptible to infection by pathogenic bacteria, leads to a disease commonly known as flacherie which causes 40% loss per annum to the silk industry. in this study, we have reported isolation, characterization and pathogenicity assessment of gut-associated bacteria of healthy and diseased muga silkworms. thirty five bacterial isolates were screen ... | 2016 | 27311898 |
| pathogenic features of heterotrophic plate count bacteria from drinking-water boreholes. | evidence suggests that heterotrophic plate count (hpc) bacteria may be hazardous to humans with weakened health. we investigated the pathogenic potential of hpc bacteria from untreated borehole water, consumed by humans, for: their haemolytic properties, the production of extracellular enzymes such as dnase, proteinase, lipase, lecithinase, hyaluronidase and chondroitinase, the effect simulated gastric fluid has on their survival, as well as the bacteria's antibiotic-susceptible profile. hutu-80 ... | 2016 | 27959868 |
| a transgenic approach for controlling lygus in cotton. | lygus species of plant-feeding insects have emerged as economically important pests of cotton in the united states. these species are not controlled by commercial bacillus thuringiensis (bt) cotton varieties resulting in economic losses and increased application of insecticide. previously, a bt crystal protein (cry51aa2) was reported with insecticidal activity against lygus spp. however, transgenic cotton plants expressing this protein did not exhibit effective protection from lygus feeding dama ... | 2016 | 27426014 |
| targeting a hidden enemy: pyriproxyfen autodissemination strategy for the control of the container mosquito aedes albopictus in cryptic habitats. | the asian tiger mosquito, aedes albopictus, is a vector of dengue, chikungunya, and zika viruses. this mosquito inhabits a wide range of artificial water-holding containers in urban and suburban areas making it difficult to control. we tested the hypothesis that female-driven autodissemination of an insect growth regulator could penetrate cryptic oviposition habitats difficult to treat with conventional insecticidal sprays. | 2016 | 28033379 |
| microbiota plays a role in oral immune priming in tribolium castaneum. | animals are inhabited by a diverse community of microorganisms. the relevance of such microbiota is increasingly being recognized across a broad spectrum of species, ranging from sponges to primates, revealing various beneficial roles that microbes can play. the red flour beetle tribolium castaneum represents a well-established experimental model organism for studying questions in ecology and evolution, however, the relevance of its microbial community is still largely unknown. t. castaneum larv ... | 2016 | 26779124 |
| evaluation of long-lasting microbial larvicide for malaria vector control in kenya. | outdoor malaria transmission is becoming an increasingly important problem in malaria control in africa. larval control is a promising intervention as it can target both indoor and outdoor biting mosquitoes. however, the currently available biolarvicide formulations have a short effective duration, and consequently larval control incurs a high operational expense due to the requirement for frequent re-treatment of larval habitats. formulations of biolarvicides with long-lasting effects is highly ... | 2016 | 27903292 |
| the impact of long-lasting microbial larvicides in reducing malaria transmission and clinical malaria incidence: study protocol for a cluster randomized controlled trial. | the massive scale-up of insecticide-treated nets (itns) and indoor residual spraying (irs) has led to a substantial increase in malaria vector insecticide resistance as well as in increased outdoor transmission, both of which hamper the effectiveness and efficiency of itn and irs. long-lasting microbial larvicide can be a cost-effective new supplemental intervention tool for malaria control. | 2016 | 27558161 |
| effects of periplocoside p from periploca sepium on the midgut transmembrane potential of mythimna separata larvae. | periplocoside p (psp) isolated from the root bark of periploca sepium contains a pregnane glycoside skeleton and possesses high insecticidal properties. preliminary studies indicated that psp disrupts epithelial functions in the midgut of lepidopteran larvae. in the present study, we examined the effects of psp on the apical and basolateral membrane voltages, va and vbl, respectively, of cells from (1) midguts isolated from the larvae of the oriental armyworm mythimna separata that were in vitro ... | 2016 | 27833169 |
| bacillus thuringiensis cyt2aa2 toxin disrupts cell membranes by forming large protein aggregates. | bacillus thuringiensis (bt) cyt2aa2 showed toxicity against dipteran insect larvae and in vitro lysis activity on several cells. it has potential applications in the biological control of insect larvae. although pore-forming and/or detergent-like mechanisms were proposed, the mechanism underlying cytolytic activity remains unclear. analysis of the haemolytic activity of cyt2aa2 with osmotic stabilizers revealed partial toxin inhibition, suggesting a distinctive mechanism from the putative pore f ... | 2016 | 27612497 |
| the epidemiology of residual plasmodium falciparum malaria transmission and infection burden in an african city with high coverage of multiple vector control measures. | in the tanzanian city of dar es salaam, high coverage of long-lasting insecticidal nets (llins), larvicide application (la) and mosquito-proofed housing, was complemented with improved access to artemisinin-based combination therapy and rapid diagnostic tests by the end of 2012. | 2016 | 27216734 |
| crygetter: a tool to automate retrieval and analysis of cry protein data. | for many years, the use of chemical agents to control crop pests has been degrading the environment, bringing problems to humans and all living things. an alternative to deal with the pests is the use of biopesticides, biological agents capable of controlling these harmful organisms. one kind of biopesticide is bacillus thuringiensis, a gram-positive bacterium that synthesizes a protein that, when ingested by the pests, kills them and does not harm other species. | 2016 | 27578522 |
| a method for assessing efficiency of bacterial cell disruption and dna release. | dna-based testing is becoming the preferred method both for identifying microorganisms and for characterizing microbial communities. however, no single dna extraction method exists that is suitable for all types of microorganisms because bacteria are variable in their susceptibility to lysis by available extraction procedures. to develop and test new dna extraction procedures, it would be helpful to determine their efficiencies. while the amount of extracted dna can readily be measured by differ ... | 2016 | 27566276 |
| the endochitinase chia btt of bacillus thuringiensis subsp. tenebrionis dsm-2803 and its potential use to control the phytopathogen colletotrichum gloeosporioides. | bacillus thuringiensis subsp. tenebrionis dsm-2803 has been studied extensively and spore/crystal mixtures of this strain are used widely in commercial products to control coleopteran pests. the endochitinase chia btt gene of b. thuringiensis subsp. tenebrionis dsm-2803 was cloned and expressed in escherichia coli. the recombinant 6x-histidine tagged protein (rchia btt, ~74 kda), was purified by a hitrap ni affinity column. the km of rchia btt was 0.847 μmol l(-1) and its optimal activity occurr ... | 2016 | 27173732 |
| identification of abcc2 as a binding protein of cry1ac on brush border membrane vesicles from helicoverpa armigera by an improved pull-down assay. | cry1ac toxin-binding proteins from helicoverpa armigera brush border membrane vesicles were identified by an improved pull-down method that involves coupling cry1ac to cnbr agarose combined with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (lc-ms/ms). according to the lc-ms/ms results, cry1ac toxin could bind to six classes of aminopeptidase-n, alkaline phosphatase, cadherin-like protein, atp-binding cassette transporter subfamily c protein (abcc2), actin, atpase, polycalin, and some other pro ... | 2016 | 27037552 |
| bacillus thuringiensis crystal protein cry6aa triggers caenorhabditis elegans necrosis pathway mediated by aspartic protease (asp-1). | cell death plays an important role in host-pathogen interactions. crystal proteins (toxins) are essential components of bacillus thuringiensis (bt) biological pesticides because of their specific toxicity against insects and nematodes. however, the mode of action by which crystal toxins to induce cell death is not completely understood. here we show that crystal toxin triggers cell death by necrosis signaling pathway using crystal toxin cry6aa-caenorhabditis elegans toxin-host interaction system ... | 2016 | 26795495 |
| transstadial effects of bti on traits of aedes aegypti and infection with dengue virus. | most mosquito control efforts are primarily focused on reducing the adult population size mediated by reductions in the larval population, which should lower risk of disease transmission. although the aim of larviciding is to reduce larval abundance and thus recruitment of adults, nonlethal effects on adults are possible, including transstadial effects on phenotypes of adults such as survival and pathogen infection and transmission. in addition, the mortality induced by control efforts may act i ... | 2016 | 26871951 |
| susceptibility profile and metabolic mechanisms involved in aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus resistant to ddt and deltamethrin in the central african republic. | aedes aegypti and ae. albopictus are the main epidemic vectors of dengue, chikungunya and zika viruses worldwide. their control during epidemics relies mainly on control of larvae and adults with insecticides. unfortunately, loss of susceptibility of both species to several insecticide classes limits the efficacy of interventions. in africa, where aedes-borne viruses are of growing concern, few data are available on resistance to insecticides. to fill this gap, we assessed the susceptibility to ... | 2016 | 27881148 |
| the persistence and ecological impacts of a cyanobacterium genetically engineered to express mosquitocidal bacillus thuringiensis toxins. | the cyanobacterium anabaena pcc 7120#11 has been genetically engineered to act as a delivery vehicle for bacillus thuringiensis subspecies israelensis mosquitocidal toxins. to address ecological concerns about releasing this genetically engineered microorganism into the environment for mosquito larva control, the persistence and ecological impacts of pcc 7120#11 was evaluated using multi-species, standardized aquatic microcosms. | 2016 | 27165108 |
| bacterial larvicide, bacillus thuringiensis israelensis strain am 65-52 water dispersible granule formulation impacts both dengue vector, aedes aegypti (l.) population density and disease transmission in cambodia. | a multi-phased study was conducted in cambodia from 2005-2011 to measure the impact of larviciding with the bacterial larvicide, bacillus thuringiensis israelensis (bti), a water dispersible granule (wg) formulation on the vector, aedes aegypti (l.) and the epidemiology. in our studies, all in-use containers were treated at 8 g/1000 l, including smaller containers and animal feeders which were found to contribute 23% of ae aegypti pupae. the treated waters were subjected to routine water exchang ... | 2016 | 27627758 |
| pyriproxyfen and the microcephaly epidemic in brazil - an ecological approach to explore the hypothesis of their association. | the microcephaly epidemic in brazil generated intense debate regarding its causality, and one hypothesised cause of this epidemic, now recognised as congenital zika virus syndrome, was the treatment of drinking water tanks with pyriproxyfen to control aedes aegypti larvae. we present the results of a geographical analysis of the association between the prevalence of microcephaly confirmed by fenton growth charts and the type of larvicide used in the municipalities that were home to the mothers o ... | 2016 | 27812601 |
| isolation and characterization of native bacillus thuringiensis strains from saudi arabia with enhanced larvicidal toxicity against the mosquito vector anopheles gambiae (s.l.). | worldwide, mosquito vectors are transmitting several etiological agents of important human diseases, including malaria, causing millions of deaths every year. in saudi arabia, as elsewhere, vector-control is based mostly on chemical insecticides which may be toxic and cause environmental deprivation. here, to support the development of bio-pesticide alternatives, a study was conducted to identify native bacillus thuringiensis (bt) isolates with improved toxicity against the malaria vector, anoph ... | 2016 | 27993165 |
| combining attractants and larvicides in biodegradable matrices for sustainable mosquito vector control. | there is a global need for cost-effective and environmentally friendly tools for control of mosquitoes and mosquito-borne diseases. one potential way to achieve this is to combine already available tools to gain synergistic effects to reduce vector mosquito populations. another possible way to improve mosquito control is to extend the active period of a given control agent, enabling less frequent applications and consequently, more efficient and longer lasting vector population suppression. | 2016 | 27768698 |
| pyrosequencing the midgut transcriptome of the banana weevil cosmopolites sordidus (germar) (coleoptera: curculionidae) reveals multiple protease-like transcripts. | the banana weevil cosmopolites sordidus is an important and serious insect pest in most banana and plantain-growing areas of the world. in spite of the economic importance of this insect pest very little genomic and transcriptomic information exists for this species. in the present study, we characterized the midgut transcriptome of c. sordidus using massive 454-pyrosequencing. we generated over 590,000 sequencing reads that assembled into 30,840 contigs with more than 400 bp, representing a sig ... | 2016 | 26949943 |
| characterization and expression profiling of atp-binding cassette transporter genes in the diamondback moth, plutella xylostella (l.). | atp-binding cassette (abc) transporters are one of the major transmembrane protein families found in all organisms and play important roles in transporting a variety of compounds across intra and extra cellular membranes. in some species, abc transporters may be involved in the detoxification of substances such as insecticides. the diamondback moth, plutella xylostella (l.), a destructive pest of cruciferous crops worldwide, is an important species to study as it is resistant to many types of in ... | 2016 | 27678067 |
| anti-infective metabolites of a newly isolated bacillus thuringiensis kl1 associated with kalmegh (andrographis paniculata nees.), a traditional medicinal herb. | this study was conducted to isolate endophytic bacteria possessing anti-infective property from kalmegh (andrographis paniculata nees.), a well-known medicinal plant. a total of 23 strains were isolated from this plant among which the strain kl1, isolated from surface-sterilized leaf of this medicinal herb, showed broad-spectrum antagonism against an array of gram-positive and -negative bacterial pathogens. ethyl acetate extract of kl1-fermented media yielded a greenish amorphous substance retai ... | 2016 | 26997870 |
| anthelmintic effect of bacillus thuringiensis strains against the gill fish trematode centrocestus formosanus. | parasitic agents, such as helminths, are the most important biotic factors affecting aquaculture, and the fluke centrocestus formosanus is considered to be highly pathogenic in various fish species. there have been efforts to control this parasite with chemical helminthicides, but these efforts have had unsuccessful results. we evaluated the anthelmintic effect of 37 strains of bacillus thuringiensis against c. formosanus metacercariae in vitro using two concentrations of total protein, and only ... | 2016 | 27294137 |
| evaluation of a microfluidic chip system for preparation of bacterial dna from swabs, air, and surface water samples. | the detection of bacterial pathogens from complex sample matrices by pcr requires efficient dna extraction. in this study, a protocol for extraction and purification of dna from swabs, air, and water samples using a microfluidic chip system was established. the optimized protocol includes a combination of thermal, chemical and enzymatic lysis followed by chip-based dna purification using magnetic particles. the procedure was tested using gram-positive bacillus thuringiensis berliner var. kurstak ... | 2016 | 27520284 |
| purification and characterization of a novel cold shock protein-like bacteriocin synthesized by bacillus thuringiensis. | bacillus thuringiensis (bt), one of the most successful biopesticides, may expand its potential by producing bacteriocins (thuricins). the aim of this study was to investigate the antimicrobial potential of a novel bt bacteriocin, thuricin btcspb, produced by bt brc-zyr2. the results showed that this bacteriocin has a high similarity with cold-shock protein b (cspb). btcspb lost its activity after proteinase k treatment; however it was active at 60 °c for 30 min and was stable in the ph range 5- ... | 2016 | 27762322 |
| the pesticidal cry6aa toxin from bacillus thuringiensis is structurally similar to hlye-family alpha pore-forming toxins. | the cry6 family of proteins from bacillus thuringiensis represents a group of powerful toxins with great potential for use in the control of coleopteran insects and of nematode parasites of importance to agriculture. these proteins are unrelated to other insecticidal toxins at the level of their primary sequences and the structure and function of these proteins has been poorly studied to date. this has inhibited our understanding of these toxins and their mode of action, along with our ability t ... | 2016 | 27576487 |
| bacillus cereus biofilms-same, only different. | bacillus cereus displays a high diversity of lifestyles and ecological niches and include beneficial as well as pathogenic strains. these strains are widespread in the environment, are found on inert as well as on living surfaces and contaminate persistently the production lines of the food industry. biofilms are suspected to play a key role in this ubiquitous distribution and in this persistency. indeed, b. cereus produces a variety of biofilms which differ in their architecture and mechanism o ... | 2016 | 27458448 |
| field-evolved mode 1 resistance of the fall armyworm to transgenic cry1fa-expressing corn associated with reduced cry1fa toxin binding and midgut alkaline phosphatase expression. | insecticidal protein genes from the bacterium bacillus thuringiensis (bt) are expressed by transgenic bt crops (bt crops) for effective and environmentally safe pest control. the development of resistance to these insecticidal proteins is considered the most serious threat to the sustainability of bt crops. resistance in fall armyworm (spodoptera frugiperda) populations from puerto rico to transgenic corn producing the cry1fa insecticidal protein resulted, for the first time in the united states ... | 2016 | 26637593 |
| immune modulation enables a specialist insect to benefit from antibacterial withanolides in its host plant. | the development of novel plant chemical defenses and counter adaptations by herbivorous insect could continually drive speciation, producing more insect specialists than generalists. one approach to test this hypothesis is to compare closely related generalist and specialist species to reveal the associated costs and benefits of these different adaptive strategies. we use the specialized moth heliothis subflexa, which feeds exclusively on plants in the genus physalis, and its close generalist re ... | 2016 | 27561781 |
| thusin, a novel two-component lantibiotic with potent antimicrobial activity against several gram-positive pathogens. | due to the rapidly increasing prevalence of multidrug-resistant bacterial strains, the need for new antimicrobial drugs to treat infections has become urgent. bacteriocins, which are antimicrobial peptides of bacterial origin, are considered potential alternatives to conventional antibiotics and have attracted widespread attention in recent years. among these bacteriocins, lantibiotics, especially two-component lantibiotics, exhibit potent antimicrobial activity against some clinically relevant ... | 2016 | 27486447 |
| poly-β-hydroxybutyrate metabolism is unrelated to the sporulation and parasporal crystal protein formation in bacillus thuringiensis. | poly-3-hydroxybutyrate (phb) is a natural polymer synthesized by many bacteria as a carbon-energy storage material. it was accumulated maximally prior to the spore formation but was degraded during the process of sporulation in bacillus thuringiensis. intriguingly, b. thuringiensis also accumulates large amounts of insecticidal crystal proteins (icps) during sporulation, which requires considerable input of carbon and energy sources. how phb accumulation affects sporulation and icp formation rem ... | 2016 | 27379025 |
| a multi-enzymatic cascade reaction for the stereoselective production of γ-oxyfunctionalyzed amino acids. | a stereoselective three-enzyme cascade for synthesis of diasteromerically pure γ-oxyfunctionalized α-amino acids was developed. by coupling a dynamic kinetic resolution (dkr) using an n-acylamino acid racemase (naaar) and an l-selective aminoacylase from geobacillus thermoglucosidasius with a stereoselective isoleucine dioxygenase from bacillus thuringiensis, diastereomerically pure oxidized amino acids were produced from racemic n-acetylamino acids. the three enzymes differed in their optimal t ... | 2016 | 27092111 |
| genome sequence of the endophytic bacterium bacillus thuringiensis strain kb1, a potential biocontrol agent against phytopathogens. | italic! bacillus thuringiensisis the most widely known microbial pesticide used in agricultural applications. herein, we report a draft genome sequence of the endophytic bacterium italic! bacillus thuringiensisstrain kb1, which exhibits antagonism against phytopathogens. | 2016 | 27103716 |
| bacteriocins synthesized by bacillus thuringiensis: generalities and potential applications. | the members of the bacillus thuringiensis group, commonly known as bt, produce a huge number of metabolites, which show biocidal and antagonistic activity. b. thuringiensis is widely known for synthesizing cry, vip and cyt proteins, active against insects and other parasporins with biocidal activity against certain types of cancerous cells. nevertheless, b. thuringiensis also synthesizes compounds with antimicrobial activity, especially bacteriocins. some b. thuringiensis bacteriocins resemble l ... | 2016 | 27340340 |
| structural differences in gut bacteria communities in developmental stages of natural populations of lutzomyia evansi from colombia's caribbean coast. | lutzomyia evansi, a phlebotomine insect endemic to colombia's caribbean coast, is considered to be the main vector of visceral and cutaneous leishmaniasis in the region. although insects of this species can harbor pathogenic and non-pathogenic microorganisms in their intestinal microbiota, there is little information available about the diversity of gut bacteria present in lutzomyia evansi. in this study, conventional microbiological methods and molecular tools were used to assess the compositio ... | 2016 | 27618991 |
| characterization of a natural triple-tandem c-di-gmp riboswitch and application of the riboswitch-based dual-fluorescence reporter. | c-di-gmp riboswitches are structured rnas located in the 5'-untranslated regions (5'-utrs) of mrnas that regulate expression of downstream genes in response to changing concentrations of the second messenger c-di-gmp. we discovered three complete c-di-gmp riboswitches (bc3, bc4 and bc5 rna) with similar structures, which are arranged in tandem to constitute a triple-tandem (bc3-5 rna) riboswitch in the 5'-utr of the cspabcde mrna in bacillus thuringiensis subsp. chinensis ct-43. our results show ... | 2016 | 26892868 |
| a transgenic approach to control hemipteran insects by expressing insecticidal genes under phloem-specific promoters. | the first generation transgenic crops used strong constitutive promoters for transgene expression. however, tissue-specific expression is desirable for more precise targeting of transgenes. moreover, piercing/sucking insects, which are generally resistant to insecticidal bacillus thuringiensis (bt) proteins, have emerged as a major pests since the introduction of transgenic crops expressing these toxins. phloem-specific promoters isolated from banana bunchy top virus (bbtv) were used for the exp ... | 2016 | 27708374 |
| excavating abiotic stress-related gene resources of terrestrial macroscopic cyanobacteria for crop genetic engineering: dawn and challenge. | genetically engineered (ge) crops with resistance to environmental stresses are one of the most important solutions for future food security. numerous genes associated to plant stress resistance have been identified and characterized. however, the current reality is that only a few transgenic crops expressing prokaryotic genes are successfully applied in field conditions. these few prokaryotic genes include agrobacterium strain cp4 epsps gene, bacillus thuringiensis cry1ab gene and a bacterial c ... | 2015 | 26418632 |
| bacteriocins from the rhizosphere microbiome - from an agriculture perspective. | bacteria produce and excrete a versatile and dynamic suit of compounds to defend against microbial competitors and mediate local population dynamics. these include a wide range of broad-spectrum non-ribosomally synthesized antibiotics, lytic enzymes, metabolic by-products, proteinaceous exotoxins, and ribosomally produced antimicrobial peptides (bacteriocins). most bacteria produce at least one bacteriocin. bacteriocins are of interest in the food industry as natural preservatives and in the pro ... | 2015 | 26579159 |
| three novel lantibiotics, ticins a1, a3, and a4, have extremely stable properties and are promising food biopreservatives. | lantibiotics are antimicrobial peptides with potential applications as the next generation of antimicrobials in the food industry and/or the pharmaceutical industry. nisin has successfully been used as a food preservative for over 40 years, but its major drawback is its limited stability under neutral and alkaline ph conditions. to identify alternatives with better biochemical properties, we screened more than 100 strains of the bacillus cereus group. three novel lantibiotics, ticins a1 (4,062.9 ... | 2015 | 26231642 |
| identification of metabolism pathways directly regulated by sigma(54) factor in bacillus thuringiensis. | sigma(54) (σ(54)) regulates nitrogen and carbon utilization in bacteria. promoters that are σ(54)-dependent are highly conserved and contain short sequences located at the -24 and -12 positions upstream of the transcription initiation site. σ(54) requires regulatory proteins known as bacterial enhancer-binding proteins (bebps) to activate gene transcription. we show that σ(54) regulates the capacity to grow on various nitrogen sources using a bacillus thuringiensis hd73 mutant lacking the sigl g ... | 2015 | 26029175 |
| multi-toxin resistance enables pink bollworm survival on pyramided bt cotton. | transgenic crops producing bacillus thuringiensis (bt) proteins kill key insect pests, providing economic and environmental benefits. however, the evolution of pest resistance threatens the continued success of such bt crops. to delay or counter resistance, transgenic plant "pyramids" producing two or more bt proteins that kill the same pest have been adopted extensively. field populations of the pink bollworm (pectinophora gossypiella) in the united states have remained susceptible to bt toxins ... | 2015 | 26559899 |
| analysis of bacillus thuringiensis population dynamics and its interaction with pseudomonas fluorescens in soil. | bacillus thuringiensis is the most successful biological control agent, however, studies so far have shown that b. thuringiensis is very sensitive to environmental factors such as soil moisture and ph. ultraviolet light from the sun had been considered as the main limiting factor for its persistence in soil and it has recently been shown that the antagonism exerted by other native soil organisms, such as pseudomonas fluorescens, is a determining factor in the persistence of this bacterium under ... | 2015 | 26495114 |
| is the efficacy of biological control against plant diseases likely to be more durable than that of chemical pesticides? | the durability of a control method for plant protection is defined as the persistence of its efficacy in space and time. it depends on (i) the selection pressure exerted by it on populations of plant pathogens and (ii) on the capacity of these pathogens to adapt to the control method. erosion of effectiveness of conventional plant protection methods has been widely studied in the past. for example, apparition of resistance to chemical pesticides in plant pathogens or pests has been extensively d ... | 2015 | 26284088 |
| host-pathogen coevolution: the selective advantage of bacillus thuringiensis virulence and its cry toxin genes. | reciprocal coevolution between host and pathogen is widely seen as a major driver of evolution and biological innovation. yet, to date, the underlying genetic mechanisms and associated trait functions that are unique to rapid coevolutionary change are generally unknown. we here combined experimental evolution of the bacterial biocontrol agent bacillus thuringiensis and its nematode host caenorhabditis elegans with large-scale phenotyping, whole genome analysis, and functional genetics to demonst ... | 2015 | 26042786 |
| transgenic maize event tc1507: global status of food, feed, and environmental safety. | maize (zea mays) is a widely cultivated cereal that has been safely consumed by humans and animals for centuries. transgenic or genetically engineered insect-resistant and herbicide-tolerant maize, are commercially grown on a broad scale. event tc1507 (oecd unique identifier: das-ø15ø7-1) or the herculex®(#) i trait, an insect-resistant and herbicide-tolerant maize expressing cry1f and pat proteins, has been registered for commercial cultivation in the us since 2001. a science-based safety asses ... | 2015 | 26018138 |
| cross-resistance and interactions between bt toxins cry1ac and cry2ab against the cotton bollworm. | to delay evolution of pest resistance to transgenic crops producing insecticidal proteins from bacillus thuringiensis (bt), the "pyramid" strategy uses plants that produce two or more toxins that kill the same pest. we conducted laboratory diet experiments with the cotton bollworm, helicoverpa armigera, to evaluate cross-resistance and interactions between two toxins in pyramided bt cotton (cry1ac and cry2ab). selection with cry1ac for 125 generations produced 1000-fold resistance to cry1ac and ... | 2015 | 25586723 |
| domain iii of bacillus thuringiensis cry1ie toxin plays an important role in binding to peritrophic membrane of asian corn borer. | the insecticidal ie648 toxin is a truncated cry1ie protein with increased toxicity against asian corn borer (acb). cry toxins are pore-forming toxins that disrupt insect midgut cells to kill the larvae. however, the peritrophic membrane (pm) is an important barrier that cry toxins must cross before binding to midgut cells. previously, it was shown that cry toxins are able to bind and accumulate in the pm of several lepidopteran insects. binding of ie648 toxin to pm of acb was previously reported ... | 2015 | 26295704 |
| transcriptional cellular responses in midgut tissue of aedes aegypti larvae following intoxication with cry11aa toxin from bacillus thuringiensis. | although much is known about the mechanism of action of bacillus thuringiensis cry toxins, the target tissue cellular responses to toxin activity is less understood. previous transcriptomic studies indicated that significant changes in gene expression occurred during intoxication. however, most of these studies were done in organisms without a sequenced and annotated reference genome. a reference genome and transcriptome is available for the mosquito aedes aegypti, and its importance as a diseas ... | 2015 | 26645277 |
| resistance to bio-insecticides or how to enhance their sustainability: a review. | after more than 70 years of chemical pesticide use, modern agriculture is increasingly using biological control products. resistances to conventional insecticides are wide spread, while those to bio-insecticides have raised less attention, and resistance management is frequently neglected. however, a good knowledge of the limitations of a new technique often provides greater sustainability. in this review, we compile cases of resistance to widely used bio-insecticides and describe the associated ... | 2015 | 26150820 |
| antimicrobial activity of anonna mucosa (jacq.) grown in vivo and obtained by in vitroculture. | brazilian flora includes numerous species of medicinal importance that can be used to develop new drugs. plant tissue culture offers strategies for conservation and use of these species allowing continuous production of plants and bioactive substances. annona mucosa has produced substances such as acetogenins and alkaloids that exhibit antimicrobial activities. the widespread use of antibiotics has led to an increase in multidrug-resistant bacteria, which represents a serious risk of infection. ... | 2015 | 26413061 |
| understanding the long-lasting attraction of malaria mosquitoes to odor baits. | the use of odor baits for surveillance and control of malaria mosquitoes requires robust dispensing tools. in this study, the residual activity of a synthetic mosquito attractant blend dispensed from nylon or low density polyethylene (ldpe) sachets was evaluated at weekly intervals for one year without re-impregnation. the potential role of bacteria in modulating the attraction of mosquitoes to odor-treated nylon that had been used repeatedly over the one year study period, without re-impregnati ... | 2015 | 25798818 |
| potential prepore trimer formation by the bacillus thuringiensis mosquito-specific toxin: molecular insights into a critical prerequisite of membrane-bound monomers. | the insecticidal feature of the three-domain cry δ-endotoxins from bacillus thuringiensis is generally attributed to their capability to form oligomeric pores, causing lysis of target larval midgut cells. however, the molecular description of their oligomerization process has not been clearly defined. here a stable prepore of the 65-kda trypsin-activated cry4ba mosquito-specific toxin was established through membrane-mimetic environments by forming an ∼200-kda octyl-β-d-glucoside micelle-induced ... | 2015 | 26112409 |
| different effects of bacillus thuringiensis toxin cry1ab on midgut cell transmembrane potential of mythimna separata and agrotis ipsilon larvae. | bacillus thuringiensis (bt) cry toxins from the cry1a family demonstrate significantly different toxicities against members of the family noctuidae for unknown reasons. in this study, membrane potential was measured and analyzed in freshly isolated midgut samples from mythimna separata and agrotis ipsilon larvae under oral administration and in vitro incubation with bt toxin cry1ab to elucidate the mechanism of action for further control of these pests. bioassay results showed that the larvae of ... | 2015 | 26694463 |
| genome sequence of the mosquitocidal bacillus thuringiensis strain br58, a biopesticide product effective against the coffee berry borer (hypothenemus hampei). | bacillus thuringiensis is an important microbial control agent against insect pests. the draft genome sequence of the brazilian strain br58 described here contains the insecticidal genes cry4a, cry4b, cry10a, cry11a, cry60a, cry60b, and cyt1a, which show toxicity to both aedes aegypti and hypothenemus hampei larvae. | 2015 | 26659669 |
| a toxin-binding alkaline phosphatase fragment synergizes bt toxin cry1ac against susceptible and resistant helicoverpa armigera. | evolution of resistance by insects threatens the continued success of pest control using insecticidal crystal (cry) proteins from the bacterium bacillus thuringiensis (bt) in sprays and transgenic plants. in this study, laboratory selection with cry1ac yielded five strains of cotton bollworm, helicoverpa armigera, with resistance ratios at the median lethal concentration (lc50) of activated cry1ac ranging from 22 to 1700. reduced activity and reduced transcription of an alkaline phosphatase prot ... | 2015 | 25885820 |