Publications

effective method for discriminating between oral bacterial and human alkaline phosphatase activity.	alkaline phosphatase (alpase) activity was quantitatively compared in various kinds of oral bacteria. high alpase activity was detected in 3 species of periodontal bacteria, porphyromonas gingivalis, prevotella intermedia and capnocytophaga sputigena. the alpase activity detected in these bacteria was almost completely inhibited in the presence of 1% sodium dodecyl sulfate (sds). by contrast, the activity of mammalian alpase isoenzymes was not inhibited at all even in the presence of 1% sds. the ...	1994	7478753
capnocytophaga keratitis. a clinicopathologic study of three patients, including electron microscopic observations.	histopathologic studies of this unusual keratitis caused by capnocytophaga species have not been reported previously.	1994	7997330
bacteremia by multidrug-resistant capnocytophaga sputigena.	a case of bacteremia caused by a multiresistant strain of capnocytophaga sputigena in a patient with hematological malignancy is described. the strain presented with a pattern of marked resistance to beta-lactams, with mics of > 256 mg/liter for ampicillin, ticarcillin, piperacillin, cefazolin, and cefuroxime, 64 mg/liter for cefotaxime, and 32 mg/liter for ceftazidime. in addition, the mic of ciprofloxacin was 16 mg/liter. both of these groups of antimicrobial agents are frequently used in the ...	1994	8027314
capnocytophagal pneumonia in a healthy man.		1994	8128719
capnocytophaga haemolytica sp. nov. and capnocytophaga granulosa sp. nov., from human dental plaque.	two new capnocytophaga species, for which we propose the names capnocytophaga haemolytica and capnocytophaga granulosa, were isolated from supragingival dental plaque of adults. the phenotypic characteristics of these organisms were the same as those of the genus capnocytophaga: gram-negative rods; co2 requirement; gliding motility; catalase negative; oxidase negative; acids produced from d-glucose, d-maltose, d-mannose, and d-sucrose; and acetate and succinate are the major end products of gluc ...	1994	8186098
detection of porphyromonas gingivalis in gingival exudate by a dipeptide-enhanced trypsin-like activity.	porphyromonas gingivalis in subgingival plaque is an important risk factor for future periodontal attachment loss in susceptible adults. the elimination of p. gingivalis is usually concomitant with a healing process. therefore, it should be valuable to have an easy chairside method to follow the effect of periodontal treatment on p. gingivalis detection as well as on its eventual reappearance during the maintenance period. we have previously reported the stimulation of amidolytic activity of p. ...	1994	8133415
capnocytophaga canimorsus lymphocytic meningitis in an immunocompetent man who was bitten by a dog.		1994	8038330
ornithobacterium rhinotracheale gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from the avian respiratory tract.	the phylogenetic position and various genotypic, chemotaxonomic, and classical phenotypic characteristics of 21 gram-negative avian isolates were studied. these strains constitute a genotypically homogeneous taxon in rrna superfamily v, as shown by dna-rrna hybridization data. determination of the 16s rrna sequence of this taxon revealed its detailed position within the "flavobacter" subgroup of the "flavobacter-bacteroides" phylum as described by gherna and woese (r. gherna and c. r. woese, sys ...	1994	8123560
the oral gram-negative anaerobic microflora in young children: longitudinal changes from edentulous to dentate mouth.	eruption of primary teeth has a great influence on the oral environment by providing suitable niches for bacterial colonization. the composition of oral gram-negative anaerobic microflora was investigated in 21 young children (mean age 32 months) with primary dentition. the bacterial findings of samples were compared with those of the same children collected at their edentulous infant period (mean age 3 months). during the primary period, 2 samples were collected from each child: a sample with d ...	1994	7936718
the tet(q) gene in bacteria isolated from patients with refractory periodontal disease.	twenty-two tetracycline-resistant (tetr) anaerobic and facultative anaerobic bacteria isolated from periodontal pockets of 12 patients with refractory periodontitis were examined for the presence of the tet q determinant by dna-dna hybridization. dot blots of bacterial dna were tested with an intragenic digoxigenin-labelled tet(q) probe consisting of a 1.45 kb ecori/pvuii fragment from plasmid pnfd13-2. southern blots of chromosomal dna digested with the restriction enzyme ecori were also examin ...	1994	7478767
capnocytophaga bacteremia in neutropenic patients: report of two cases.		1994	7985483
microbiota of rapidly progressive periodontitis lesions in association with clinical parameters.	the microbial population in 73 rapidly progressive periodontitis (rpp) lesions in 10 young adults aged 25 to 35 years (5 males, 5 females) was studied in relation to the clinical parameters probing depth, bleeding on probing, and suppuration, which were recorded at the sampled sites. porphyromonas gingivalis was found to predominate (26.7%) in 73 periodontal lesions with clinical probing depth > 6 mm, followed by bacteroides forsythus (23.6%), and prevotella intermedia (15.7%). the prevalence of ...	1994	7853132
the gingival immune response to periodontal pathogens in juvenile periodontitis.	a gingival explant culture system was utilized to evaluate the reactivity of local immunoglobulins produced by juvenile periodontitis tissue. gingival explant culture supernatant fluids were screened, via a standardized dot-immunobinding assay, for antibodies reactive to: actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, porphyromonas gingivalis, prevotella intermedia, campylobacter rectus, eikenella corrodens, peptostreptococcus micros, peptostreptococcus anaerobius, capnocytophaga ochracea, eubacterium no ...	1994	7870467
serological cross-reaction between legionella spp. and capnocytophaga ochracea by using latex agglutination test.	cross-reactivity between legionella spp. and capnocytophaga ochracea was noted by latex agglutination tests (serobact legionella; disposable products, adelaide, australia). four of 11 (36%) c. ochracea isolates agglutinated with latex reagents designed to identify legionella pneumophila serogroups. c. ochracea isolated on buffered charcoal yeast extract media may give false-positive results in this legionella latex agglutination assay.	1994	7883900
fatal capnocytophaga canimorsus (df-2) septicaemia. a case report.	a 45-year-old man died 2 months after being bitten on the hand by a dog. he developed the rare but characteristic clinical picture of fulminant septicaemia and peripheral gangrene caused by a gram-negative bacillus, capnocytophaga canimorsus, previously known as dysgonic fermenter type 2 (df-2), which is an occasional commensal in the oral flora of dogs and cats. this disease must be anticipated and dog bites appropriately managed to avoid the mortality associated with infection by this micro-or ...	1994	7570239
fulminant capnocytophaga canimorsus (df2) septicaemia and diffuse intravascular coagulation in hairy cell leukaemia with splenectomy.		1994	7806888
the antimicrobial activity of essential oils and essential oil components towards oral bacteria.	a method for reproducibly determining minimal inhibitory concentrations and minimal bactericidal concentrations of plant extracts towards fastidiously and facultatively anaerobic oral bacteria, predicated upon measurements of optical densities in microtitre plate wells, was devised. the antimicrobial properties of some botanical oils were surveyed; of these, australian tea tree oil, peppermint oil, and sage oil proved to be the most potent essential oils, whereas thymol and eugenol were potent e ...	1994	7478759
effect of proteolytic enzymes on the lysis and growth of oral bacteria.	previous studies have shown increased levels of proteolytic enzymes in affected periodontal sites. the aim of the present investigation was to evaluate the effect of proteolytic environments on the lysis and growth of selected oral bacteria associated with either healthy or diseased periodontal sites. the effect of trypsin, chymotrypsin and proteinase k on cell lysis was determined following incubation with bacteria, whereas the effect of the same proteolytic enzymes on bacterial growth was test ...	1994	7478762
orogenital contact: a cause of chorioamnionitis?	fusobacterium nucleatum and capnocytophaga species are common oral pathogens and infrequent causes of systemic infection in patients with compromised immunity or disrupted mucosal integrity. the isolation of both organisms from a clinical specimen suggests an oral source of infection.	1994	9205437
identification and analyses of periodontal pathogens in taiwan by microbiological tests.	the purpose of this study was to use microbiological tests for diagnosis of periodontal diseases in taiwan. anaerobic culture, direct microscopy, indirect immunofluorescence (if), and biochemical tests were used to examine 336 samples for the specific microorganisms in subgingival plaque. the results indicated that gram-negative species and motile bacteria were less frequently detected, and in lower proportion, in samples from healthy sites. the bacteria found frequently in healthy group were th ...	1994	9747334
coaggregation between porphyromonas gingivalis and treponema denticola.	to elucidate an ecological profile of several periodontopathogens, the authors examined the coaggregation between cells of porphyromonas gingivalis and oral bacterial strains including treponema denticola in vitro. coaggregation between cells of plaque bacteria was examined by visual assay and phase-contrast microscope. p. gingivalis cells coaggregated with strains of t. denticola and treponema socranskii subspecies socranskii, but did not coaggregate with t. socranskii subspecies buccale, t. so ...	1994	8689730
short-term microbiological and clinical effects of subgingival irrigation with an antimicrobial mouthrinse.	fifty chronic adult periodontitis patients completed a 6-week controlled, double-blind, split mouth clinical study to determine the effects of subgingival irrigation with an antimicrobial mouthrinse on periodontal microflora, supragingival plaque, and gingivitis when used as an adjunct to normal oral hygiene. qualifying subjects had at least four sites, two on each side of the mouth, with probing depths between 4 and 6 mm, which bled on gentle probing. following baseline examinations, subjects r ...	1994	8133413
capnocytophaga canimorsus in peripheral blood smears.		1994	8089236
modeling the relationship between clinical, microbiologic, and immunologic parameters and alveolar bone levels in an elderly population.	a cross-sectional periodontal study of 74 subjects aged 65 to 75 years was performed. clinical data were collected and related to microbiological and immunological data. a statistical model (step-wise multiple regression) of factors related to bone loss was created initially using clinical data only; then by adding either the microbiologic or immunologic data; and then by using clinical, microbiologic, and immunologic data together. when only clinical data were considered, three factors were fou ...	1994	8133417
dog-associated bacterial infections in humans: isolates submitted to an australian reference laboratory, 1981-1992.	over the period 1981-92, 32 bacterial isolates were referred to the microbiological diagnostic unit from infected dog-bite wounds and 10 isolates were submitted from blood cultures after dog bites or close contact with dogs. the isolates from the bite wounds were identified, or confirmed, as pasteurella multocida (11 isolates), pasteurella dagmatis (3), cdc group m-5 (9), cdc group ef-4a (8) and streptococcus anginosus (1). five of the 9 patients from whom cdc group m-5 was cultured had mixed in ...	1993	8165003
periodontal disease and dental caries in relation to primary igg subclass and other humoral immunodeficiencies.	22 females and 3 males with primary hypogammaglobulinaemia (n = 6) or igg subclass deficiencies with (n = 3) or without (n = 16) concomitant iga deficiency were examined for periodontal disease and dental caries. only 1 patient showed more tooth loss than that found in the normal swedish population. 1 patient demonstrated advanced periodontal disease. no patient exhibited more severe dental caries than that of comparable normal swedes. microbiological samples from periodontal pockets and saliva ...	1993	8421120
in vitro antimicrobial activity of the human neutrophil cytosolic s-100 protein complex, calprotectin, against capnocytophaga sputigena.	calprotectin is a complex of two anionic proteins found in abundance in the cytosol of neutrophils, certain macrophages, and oral epithelial keratinocytes. bacteria of the genus capnocytophaga are pathogens of periodontal origin which can cause systemic infection in neutropenic subjects. recently, it has been observed that capnocytophaga may be internalized by neutrophils within the cytosol rather than within a membrane-delimited phagosome. the purpose of this study was to test the in vitro anti ...	1993	8423249
capnocytophaga canimorsus sepsis misdiagnosed as plague--new mexico, 1992.	since 1961, 200 human isolates of capnocytophaga canimorsus--a gram-negative bacterium--have been sent to cdc for identification. infections with this organism may result in a spectrum of manifestations ranging from self-limiting cellulitis to fatal septicemia; most fatal infections have occurred in persons with a history of asplenia, alcoholism, or hematologic malignancy. in most (77%) cases, infection is preceded by a bite or other exposure to dogs. this report summarizes the investigation by ...	1993	8429807
[actinomyces meyeri cutaneous actinomycosis with pulmonary localization].	infections due to actinomycosis species are located in the cervico-facial region in 50 to 65 percent of the cases. extra-cervical cutaneous lesions are exceptional. the most frequently encountered germ is actinomyces israeli, observed in 85 percent of the cases. we report the case of an actinomyces meyeri infection which presented as a leg abscess and a pulmonary lesion. there was no cervico-facial localization. there was however a chronic parodontitis. a second germ, capnocytophaga sp. was isol ...	1993	8074351
bactericidal activities of synthetic human leukocyte cathepsin g-derived antibiotic peptides and congeners against actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans and capnocytophaga sputigena.	actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans and capnocytophaga spp. are gram-negative bacteria implicated in the etiology of periodontal disease (particularly in individuals with neutrophil defects) and life-threatening systemic infections. they are resistant to many antibiotics of microbial origin but are sensitive to the nonoxidative microbicidal action of neutrophils. these organisms are susceptible to the microbicidal effect of cathepsin g but are killed by two distinct mechanisms. the purpose of t ...	1993	8109940
a longitudinal microbiological study on osseointegrated titanium implants in partially edentulous patients.	the aim was to longitudinally follow the colonization of putative periodontal pathogens on titanium implants in partially edentulous patients. nineteen individuals, who were partially edentulous and were on the waiting-list to be treated with titanium fixtures, were included in the study. they were treated for periodontal disease with oral hygiene instructions and supra- and subgingival debridement and were left for maintenance. full-mouth recordings of each patient were performed at baseline, i ...	1993	8297958
capnocytophaga canimorsus bacteraemia demonstrated by a positive blood smear. a case report.	the observation of bacteria in a peripheral blood smear was conducive to the diagnosis of capnocytophaga canimorsus septicaemia in a patient with no definite record of animal bites. multiple rods were seen extracellularly and within the cytoplasm of neutrophils. the blood culture became positive after 18 h of incubation. disseminated intravascular coagulation (dic) was manifest and infarction of the spleen was suspected. direct examination of peripheral blood smears could be a valuable adjunct i ...	1993	8398098
an analysis of the subgingival microflora in randomly selected subjects.	the aim of this study was to describe the presence of some microbial species in the subgingival microflora of a randomly selected subject sample. a further objective was to analyze the association between some microbiological characteristics and the periodontal conditions of the subjects. a total of 171 individuals aged 30-65 years were included. a pooled subgingival plaque sample was obtained from the mesial aspect of the 6 ramfjord teeth by the use of the paper-point method. the samples were p ...	1993	8510980
[capnocytophaga spp. bacteremia in compromised patients].	to analyze the clinical characteristics of three patients with capnocytophaga spp. bacteremia.	1993	8512974
antimicrobial susceptibility of capnocytophaga spp.		1993	8517718
the effect of subgingival debridement on periodontal disease parameters and the subgingival microbiota.	the aim of the present investigation was to analyse the effect of subgingival scaling and root planing in subjects who prior to treatment exercised meticulous supragingival plaque control. 300 subjects were examined at baseline and after 1 and 2 years without treatment. after the year 2 examination, 62 subjects were randomly selected for therapy. they were given detailed instruction in proper self-performed toothcleaning measures and were carefully monitored during the subsequent 2 years. follow ...	1993	8501276
capnocytophaga endophthalmitis.	this article presents three patients with endophthalmitis associated with infection with capnocytophaga species.	1993	8479700
aspartame as a source of essential phenylalanine for the growth of oral anaerobes.	phenylalanine and aspartic acid requirements were determined for 13 species of oral bacteria using the chemically defined medium omiz-w1. none of actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, bacteroides forsythus, eikenella corrodens, selenomonas sputigena, treponema pectinovorum, t. socranskii, or wolinella recta required either of these amino acid constituents of aspartame (l-aspartyl-l-phenylalanine methylester). phenylalanine was essential for the growth of capnocytophaga gingivalis, eubacterium ti ...	1993	8514113
genetic relationship of strains of haemophilus aphrophilus, h. paraphrophilus, and actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans studied by ribotyping.	strains of h. aphrophilus, h. paraphrophilus, and a. actinomycetemcomitans are phenotypically very similar. ribotyping of 24 strains of h. aphrophilus, 22 strains of h. paraphrophilus, 8 strains of a. actinomycetemcomitans, and one strain each of the species pasteurella aerogenes, h. parahaemolyticus, and the genus capnocytophaga was studied using a non-radioactive digoxigenin labelled probe based on e. coli 16s- and 23s-ribosomal rna. restriction fragments were generated using restriction enzym ...	1993	7690272
simultaneous hybridization and subsequent colour detection of subgingival bacterial dna on colony lifts.	this paper reports the development of a protocol allowing hybridization and detection of dna fixed to nylon colony lifts from up to three species of bacteria simultaneously. half ml samples of serial dilutions of pure cooked-meat broth (cmb) cultures of capnocytophaga ochracea, actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans and prevotella intermedia were grown on trypticase soy blood agar (tsba) plates for 7 days in an anaerobic chamber. from the same cmbs a further set of dilutions was completed that con ...	1993	7507660
effects of root planing on the distribution of microorganisms adult periodontitis sites.	the aims of this study were to identify the microbial species present in subgingival plaque in patients with adult periodontitis, and to investigate the effects of root planing upon the microbial flora for 12 months following root planing. microorganisms from samples of subgingival plaque obtained from adult periodontitis sites in 15 patients were cultured, both aerobically and anaerobically, on a variety of media and identified. prevotella intermedia and porphyromonas asaccharolytica were the m ...	1993	8148788
microbiology of the pericoronal pouch in mandibular third molar pericoronitis.	the microorganisms associated with mandibular third molar pericoronitis were investigated using direct microscopy and anaerobic culture method. the pericoronal pouch was sampled with paper points in a) 8 patients without mandibular third molar pericoronitis and b) 6 patients with mandibular third molar pericoronitis. under the microscope, the microflora was found to be a complex mixture comprising gram-positive and gram-negative cocci, rods and filaments (including fusiform and curved rods), mot ...	1993	8265205
musculocutaneous mononeuropathy complicating capnocytophaga canimorsus infection.		1993	8232970
resistance of capnocytophaga species to beta-lactam antibiotics.		1993	8399885
chorioamnionitis caused by capnocytophaga: case report and review.	we report a case of pathologically demonstrated chorioamnionitis due to capnocytophaga species. the mother had high fever and marked uterine tenderness, and the infant had poor apgar scores, fever, and pulmonary infiltrates. both recovered after receiving specific antibiotics. pathological examination of the placenta revealed acute chorioamnionitis, subchorionitis, and vasculitis of the umbilical vein. the dramatic clinical and pathological features of this case are compared with those of the ni ...	1993	8218689
riemerella anatipestifer gen. nov., comb. nov., the causative agent of septicemia anserum exsudativa, and its phylogenetic affiliation within the flavobacterium-cytophaga rrna homology group.	the phylogenetic position of the causative agent of septicemia anserum exsudativa, now most often referred to as [moraxella] anatipestifer (brackets indicate a generically misnamed taxon) or "[pasteurella] anatipestifer," was established by performing rrna cistron similarity studies. [moraxella] anatipestifer belongs to rrna superfamily v, together with the genera flavobacterium, cytophaga, flexibacter, weeksella, capnocytophaga, and sphingobacterium. the detailed structure of rrna superfamily v ...	1993	8240957
sub-gingival microflora in macaca mulatta species of rhesus monkey.	the macaca mulatta species of rhesus monkey is one of several non-human primate (nhp) models for periodontal disease. this report presents the bacteriology of the gingival sulci in m. mulatta monkeys. three sub-gingival sites (maxillary right central incisor, the disto-buccal of the mandibular left second molar and mesio-buccal of the mandibular right second molar) of 9 monkeys were evaluated clinically before scaling and 7 days after scaling. plaque samples were obtained from sub-gingival sites ...	1993	8426283
microbial associations in periodontitis sites before and after treatment.	duplicate samples from 110 periodontal sites of 6 mm or more pocket depth in 16 patients were analyzed for the presence of actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, porphyromonas gingivalis, prevotella intermedia, capnocytophaga spp., campylobacter rectus, eikenella corrodens and fusobacterium nucleatum. the sites were sampled before and after nonsurgical periodontal treatment. no statistically significant associations were found before treatment between any of the analyzed species. after treatment, ...	1993	8247608
spontaneous ulcerative keratitis in immunocompromised patients.	we studied the occurrence of ulcerative keratitis in five eyes of four patients who were examined at the university of maryland hospital ophthalmology clinic over a 12-month period. all were young women who were intravenous drug abusers, with no known predisposing factors for ulcerative keratitis. two patients had acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids), one was human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-positive, and the fourth refused hiv testing. one had a corneoscleral limbus to corneoscleral limb ...	1993	8430729
microbial composition and pattern of antibiotic resistance in subgingival microbial samples from patients with refractory periodontitis.	a series of 993 subgingival microbial samples sent to a diagnostic microbiology laboratory included 196 samples that could be identified as compatible with a clinical diagnosis of refractory or recurrent periodontitis. in descending order of prevalence the associated microbiota included bacteroides forsythus (84%), spirochetes (83%), motile rods (76%), fusobacterium species (68%), porphyromonas gingivalis (63%), campylobacter rectus (47%), capnocytophaga species (38%), prevotella intermedia (23% ...	1993	8463936
the effects of acacia arabica gum on the in vitro growth and protease activities of periodontopathic bacteria.	the antibacterial activity of acacia gum was assessed using fresh isolates and reference strains of actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, capnocytophaga spp., porphyromonas gingivalis, prevotella intermedia and treponema denticola. a fine aqueous suspension of gum was produced by sonication and then a soluble fraction isolated by centrifugation and membrane filtration. these preparations were incorporated into columbia agar at doubling concentrations. growth of p. gingivalis and p. intermedia cu ...	1993	8473532
periodontal status of women taking postmenopausal estrogen supplementation.	the association between supplementary estrogen intake and periodontal and gingival status in a total of 228 women 50 to 64 years of age was examined. clinical parameters including visible supragingival plaque, subgingival calculus, probing pocket depth, clinical attachment level, alveolar bone height measurements, and number of remaining teeth were measured. gingival status was recorded as gingival bleeding after gentle manipulation. selected periopathogens, socio-economic, demographic, smoking ...	1993	8277404
recurrent corneal infections in a patient with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.	a 29-year-old female intravenous drug abuser infected with the human immunodeficiency virus suffered recurrent, bilateral corneal infections over an 11-month period. multiple infectious organisms were responsible, including capnocytophaga species, candida albicans, staphylococcus aureus, coagulase-negative staphylococcus, and a-streptococcus. one eye was eviscerated because of corneal perforation and loss of vision; the second eye has maintained good vision. predisposing factors usually associat ...	1993	8500341
isolation of periodontal species after guided tissue regeneration.	one advanced localized periodontal lesion in each of 10 patients was treated using the guided tissue regeneration procedure. six weeks after placement of expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (eptfe) membranes, microbial samples were taken from each treated site and the membranes were removed. six weeks later the cases were re-evaluated. they had all healed successfully with varying amounts of gain of clinical attachment. gram-negative, anaerobic rods were found in all samples and made up 31% of all ...	1993	8295107
hla-d and t lymphocyte reactivity to specific periodontal pathogens in type 1 diabetic periodontitis.	bacterial antigen fragments complexed with class ii major histocompatibility molecules (hla-d) on antigen presenting cells (apcs) stimulate cd4+ t lymphocyte proliferation, presumably to protect the host. this study examined these responses to antigens of two periodontal pathogens in four groups (n = 15) of age- (young adult) and sex-matched caucasian subjects with or without type 1 diabetes and moderate to severe periodontitis: group dp = diabetics with periodontitis; group dnp = diabetics with ...	1993	8277407
[the distribution of normal oral flora in 49 healthy children and juvenile].	the frequencies and proportions of predominant cultiv ableoral bacteria associated with 49 healthy children and juvenile (6-25 yr old) were studied. a total of 72 bacterial species belonging to 28 genus were detected in 195 samples of saliva, fissure plaque, supragingival plaque, and subgingival plaque. the predominant bacteria were oral streptococci, neisseria, actinomyces, capnocytophaga, bacteroides and fusobacterium in the normal oral cavity of healthy children and juvenile. there were diffe ...	1993	8288204
septicemia due to capnocytophaga canimorsus after a dog bite in a cirrhotic patient.		1993	8513822
bactericidal effects of povidone-iodine solution to oral pathogenic bacteria in vitro.	seven species of periodontal pathogenic bacteria (bacteroides, gingivalis, bacteroides intermedius, bacteroides melaninogenicus, fusobacterium nucleatum, actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, capnocytophaga spp., eikenella corrodens) and two control species (streptococcus intermedius, pseudomonas aeruginosa) were selected in order to study the bactericidal effects of 10% povidone-iodine (pvp-i) aqueous solution in vitro. the pvp-i solution was diluted to 10, 20, 50, 100, 200, 400, 800, 1600, 320 ...	1993	8290445
capnocytophaga sputigena bacteremia associated with acute leukemia.	during a three-year period, capnocytophaga sputigena bacteremia occurred in three patients with acute leukemia receiving induction therapy on a hematology ward. oral pathology such as periodontitis or severe mucositis was considered to be the most likely source of bacteremia. all three blood culture isolates were identified as that species by deoxyribonucleic acid (dna) homology studies. because of the phenotypical similarity of capnocytophaga species, it is difficult to differentiate them by co ...	1993	8360517
polar lipids of strains of prevotella, bacteroides and capnocytophaga analysed by fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry.	the polar lipid composition of representative strains of bacteroides fragilis, prevotella intermedia, p. melaninogenica and capnocytophaga ochracea was determined. samples were analysed by fab-ms. forty major peaks had m/z values expected for known carboxylate anions, ranging from m/z 211 (tridecenoate) to m/z 381 (pentacontanoate). a further fifty-five major peaks were studied between m/z 561 and m/z 722. forty-five anionic phospholipids of several series were identified. the pearson coefficien ...	1993	8377663
detection of porphyromonas gingivalis in oral plaque samples by use of the polymerase chain reaction.	periodontitis is believed to be caused by bacteria which inhabit periodontal pockets. the identification of these periodontal pathogens by currently available methods requires considerable time and expertise. in this study, we have used a polymerase chain reaction (pcr) assay that is quick, relatively simple, and can detect low numbers of a putative periodontal pathogen. primers specific for the fimbrial gene of porphyromonas gingivalis were selected from the published sequence and used for ampl ...	1993	8388414
isolation of capnocytophaga species from non-vital anterior teeth.	root-canal infection is very common in india. both aerobic and anaerobic organisms have been claimed for its aetiology. however, isolation of capnocytophaga species from non-vital anterior teeth is sparse. in this study a solitary case of capnocytophagal root canal infection is reported.	1993	8354551
new findings on the microbial flora associated with adult periodontitis.	the predominant microbial flora associated with adult periodontitis was investigated in 21 patients aged 20-40 years. microorganisms from samples of subgingival plaque were cultured on selective and non-selective media under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. ten species or groups out of a total of 31 were found to comprise the predominant cultivable flora: diphtheroids, porphyromonas asaccharolytica, coagulase-negative staphylococci, 'streptococcus milleri'-group, bacteroides ureolyticus, capnoc ...	1993	8315093
[cervical abscess caused by capnocytophaga ochracea].	capnocytophaga is a gram-negative capnophilic bacterium which is part of the normal oral flora of humans (c. ochracea, c. gingivalis, c. sputigena) and mammals such as canines, cats, and rodents (c. animorsus and c. cynodegmi). its role in the pathogenesis of periodontal disease is not well defined, and normally it represents an opportunistic germ of low pathogenicity. threatening and fulminant infections have been observed in immunodeficient patients, and lately in immunocompetent hosts. we des ...	1993	8322052
[septicemia caused by capnophilic microorganism].		1993	8347707
[endocarditis caused by capnocytophaga spputigena].		1993	8347716
antimicrobial action of green tea extract, flavono flavor and copper chlorophyll against oral bacteria.		1993	8375014
clinical and microbiologic comparisons of two dental implant systems.	clinical soft tissue examination and microbiologic findings were compared for two dental implant systems. of 20 edentulous patients, ten had been reconstructed with a transosteal implant of gold alloy, tmi-system (bosker), of and ten with endosseous implants of titanium (brånemark-system). clinical parameters evaluated included plaque, gingivitis, sulcus depth and bleeding on probing. plaque samples from 14 patients were cultured for selected periodontal pathogens. although some differences in s ...	1992	8529149
nucleotide sequences of 16s rrna encoding genes from capnocytophaga ochracea atcc 33596, capnocytophaga sputigena atcc 33612 and capnocytophaga gingivalis atcc 33624.		1992	1280812
inactivation of human serum bactericidal activity by a trypsinlike protease isolated from porphyromonas gingivalis.	a protease was isolated from an outer membrane vesicle preparation of porphyromonas gingivalis atcc 33277 and assessed for its ability to inactivate the bactericidal activity of normal human serum. the enzyme, which was activated by reducing agents, was found to be a trypsinlike protease with a molecular mass of approximately 80 kda. prior to being tested in the bactericidal assay, pooled human serum was preincubated with the partially purified enzyme. under conditions in which the trypsinlike p ...	1992	1314221
microbiology of healthy and diseased periodontal sites in poorly controlled insulin dependent diabetics.	a group of poorly-controlled insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (iddm) patients were examined in a cross-sectional design for total microbial levels, microbial incidence, and the percent levels of selected periodontal microorganisms. these organisms were selected on the basis of prior reports that associated them with either periodontal disease or health. one periodontally-healthy and one periodontally-diseased site were examined in each iddm patient. increased levels of the periodontal pathoge ...	1992	1315389
the use of dna probes to examine the distribution of subgingival species in subjects with different levels of periodontal destruction.	the present investigation examined the distribution of 14 subgingival species at a total of 2299 sites in 90 subjects with different levels of periodontal destruction. subgingival plaque samples taken from the mesial aspect of each tooth were anaerobically dispersed, diluted and plated on non selective media. after anaerobic incubation, colonies were lifted to nylon filters and specific species detected using digoxygenin-labeled whole chromosomal dna probes. the mean total viable count for all s ...	1992	1318331
subgingival temperature (iii). relation to microbial counts.	the present investigation examined the relationship of selected bacterial species and subgingival temperature. 35 subjects were measured at 6 sites per tooth for clinical parameters and subgingival temperature. measurements were repeated for 21 subjects at 2 month intervals providing a total of 66 subjects visits. at each visit, subgingival plaque samples were taken from the mesial aspect of each tooth and anaerobically dispersed, diluted and plated on non-selective media. after anaerobic incuba ...	1992	1321846
e-test: a new technique for antimicrobial susceptibility testing for periodontal microorganisms.	the purpose of the study was to validate the epsilometer test (e-test) method for antimicrobial susceptibility testing of selected periodontopathic microorganisms using the agar dilution method as a standard. the e-test has been developed to provide a direct quantification of antimicrobial susceptibility of microorganisms. the device consists of a predefined, continuous, and exponential gradient of antibiotic concentrations immobilized along a rectangular plastic test strip. after 48 hours incub ...	1992	1324301
role of porphyromonas gingivalis 40-kda outer membrane protein in the aggregation of p. gingivalis vesicles and actinomyces viscosus.	porphyromonas gingivalis, an important pathogen in periodontitis, produces extracellular vesicles that aggregate with actinomyces viscosus cells. a 40-kda outer membrane protein (omp)-coding gene from p. gingivalis was cloned and the protein was found to be localized in these vesicles. the recombinant 40-kda omp did not show aggregation activity. however, affinity-purified antibody against the recombinant protein significantly inhibited aggregation of p. gingivalis vesicles with a. viscosus cell ...	1992	1329700
comparative in-vitro activity of azithromycin, macrolides (erythromycin, clarithromycin and spiramycin) and streptogramin rp 59500 against oral organisms.	the in-vitro activities of azithromycin, clarithromycin, spiramycin and rp 59500 were compared with erythromycin against a wide range of oral organisms which have been implicated in oral infections and/or endocarditis (clindamycin was included for oral streptococci). all compounds tested showed good activity against many of these organisms, although some variation was observed with different species. clarithromycin was the most active of the antibiotics tested against gram-positive anaerobes, in ...	1992	1331019
periodontal bone loss in mice induced by different periodontopathic organisms.	periodontal bone loss in mice orally inoculated with peptostreptococcus anaerobius, pept. magnus and actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans was compared to that in sham-inoculated mice. six-to-8-week-old balb/c mice were inoculated with 1 x 10(5), 1 x 10(7) or 1 x 10(9) colony-forming units (c.f.u.) of bacteria in 50 microliters of medium. ten mice received each concentration of bacteria and 10 sham-inoculated mice acted as controls. five mice from each of the groups were killed 6 weeks after inoc ...	1992	1353347
immunoglobulins in milk from cows immunized with oral strains of actinomyces, prevotella, porphyromonas, and fusobacterium.	immunization of pregnant cows with bacteria leads to the presence of high concentrations of specific antibodies in colostrum and milk. a total of 14 cows was immunized with single strains of heat-killed oral bacteria or pools of strains of actinomyces, porphyromonas, prevotella, and fusobacterium. two cows were treated with adjuvant alone. the mean percentages of igg1, igg2, igm, and iga in all of the milks were 83.8, 3.8, 9.3, and 3.1, respectively. elisa and whole cell agglutination assays dem ...	1992	1354674
isolation and characterization of enzymes hydrolyzing chymotrypsin synthetic substrate (enzyme i) and trypsin synthetic substrate (enzyme ii) from the envelope of capnocytophaga gingivalis.	enzymes hydrolyzing chymotrypsin synthetic substrate and trypsin synthetic substrate, referred to as enzyme i and enzyme ii, respectively, were found in the envelope fraction of capnocytophaga gingivalis (atcc 33624). detergent extraction of both enzymes were purified by gel filtration, ion exchange chromatography, and affinity chromatography. the enzyme i was a serine-containing metallo enzyme with a molecular mass of 77 kda. the molecular mass of the enzyme ii was 83 kda, and it was inhibited ...	1992	1406457
[meningitis caused by capnocytophaga carnimorsus with development of erythema nodosum].	a case of meningitis in a 42-year-old previously healthy man caused by the gram-negative rod capnocytophaga carnimorsus is presented. the patient had erythema nodosum. bacteremia was possibly induced during dental treatment.	1992	1413165
capnocytophaga canimorsus septicemia associated with cat scratch.	a case is reported of capnocytophaga canimorsus (formerly cdc group df-2) septicemia following cat scratch in a patient with congenital asplenia. the case is of interest in that (1) the clinical presentation provided no indication as to the cause of the patient's illness. (2) c. canimorsus infection following cat bite or scratch has been reported far less frequently than following dog bite. (3) the clinical course of the illness may have been modified by previous and concurrent warfarin therapy.	1992	1437293
surgical treatment of facial dog bite injuries in children.		1992	1464687
antimicrobial susceptibilities and beta-lactamase characterization of capnocytophaga species.	capnocytophaga species have been associated with a wide variety of infections in both immunocompetent and immunocompromised patients. on the basis of data from antimicrobial susceptibility studies, beta-lactam antibiotics have been considered efficacious therapy. six of 19 isolates from primarily clinical sources across canada demonstrated beta-lactamase production, and agar dilution susceptibility testing showed broad resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics. for the beta-lactamase producing isola ...	1992	1444299
microbiota associated with residual clefts and neighboring teeth in patients with cleft lip, alveolus, and palate.	twenty patients with residual clefts or pronounced soft tissue grooves, treated for uni- or bilateral cleft lip, alveolus, and palate were included in this study. ten patients were recalled for dental prophylaxis at regular intervals, 10 patients were not. one microbiologic sample was obtained from the cleft area and two samples from a tooth adjacent to the cleft (sites adjacent and distant to the cleft). between the recall and the nonrecall group there were notable differences in the presence o ...	1992	1472527
serum antibody responses in human periodontitis to cellular components of capnocytophaga.	serum levels of igm, igg and igg-antibody subclasses directed against cell envelopes, lipopolysaccharides and cytoplasmic fractions from capnocytophaga sputigena, c. gingivalis and c. ochracea were examined in age-, race- and sex-matched periodontally healthy (n = 25) subjects and subjects with adult periodontitis (n = 25). the envelopes and cytoplasmic fractions were obtained by ballistic disintegration of the cells and ultracentrifugation. cell envelopes were treated with dnase, rnase and lyso ...	1992	1417521
susceptibility of anaerobic microorganisms to hypothiocyanite produced by lactoperoxidase.	the susceptibility of capnocytophaga ochracea, eikenella corrodens, eubacterium yurii, fusobacterium nucleatum, peptostreptococcus micros, prevotella intermedia, selenomonas sputigena, wolinella recta to hypothiocyanite (oscn-) produced by the lactoperoxidase system was tested. results showed a decrease of bacterial survival rate after oscn- exposure, with an intra- and inter-species variability from 0 to 95% for c. ochracea, 34-100% for e. corrodens, 0-83% for e. yurii, 1-15% for f. nucleatum, ...	1992	1481764
associations between microbial species in dental root canal infections.	the existence of commensal or antagonistic relationships between microorganisms in the root canals of teeth with apical periodontitis was investigated. samples were taken from 65 infected human root canals and were analysed according to species, frequency of occurrence and proportion of the total isolated flora. the most frequent species were fusobacterium nucleatum, prevotella intermedia, peptostreptococcus micros, peptostreptococcus anaerobius, eubacterium alactolyticum, eubacterium lentum and ...	1992	1494447
actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, capnocytophaga and porphyromonas gingivalis in subgingival plaque of adolescents with down's syndrome.	levels of actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, capnocytophaga and porphyromonas gingivalis were determined in subgingival plaque samples from 37 adolescents with down's syndrome and 37 healthy controls matched with respect to age and sex. gingival inflammation, supra- and subgingival calculus, periodontal pockets ( > 4 mm) and alveolar bone loss were registered. alveolar bone loss was more frequent in down's syndrome subjects (32%) than in the controls (3%). a. actinomycetemcomitans was detecte ...	1992	1408360
effect of extraction of partly erupted third molars on subgingival microorganisms.	this study was made to investigate the effect of extraction of third molars on subgingival microbes in 39 generally and gingivally healthy men with an average age of 20.2 years (sd 0.9). microbial samples were taken from the pericoronal space of symptom-free partly erupted lower third molars and from the adjacent gingival pockets of the second molars. the samples were cultivated anaerobically. all partly erupted third molars were extracted from 20 subjects. a control group of 19 subjects was lef ...	1992	1408014
human neutrophil azurocidin synergizes with leukocyte elastase and cathepsin g in the killing of capnocytophaga sputigena.	azurocidin was purified in the presence of phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride. electrophoresis revealed at least seven species which exhibited n-terminal sequences consistent with azurocidin. azurocidin exhibited no bactericidal activity against capnocytophaga sputigena or other oral bacteria but synergized the bactericidal activity of enzymatically active elastase. azurocidin also interacted synergistically with cathepsin g.	1992	1399008
putative periodontopathogens in "diseased" and "non-diseased" persons exhibiting poor oral hygiene.	the aim of the study was to assess the occurrence of some putative periodonto-pathogens in "test" and "control" sites in "diseased" and "non-diseased" persons, respectively, from an adult rural kenyan population exhibiting poor oral hygiene and widespread loss of attachment (la). 14 persons (less than 35 years) were assigned to a "diseased" category on the basis of at least 4 sites with la greater than or equal to 4 mm; at least 5 mm la and a pocket greater than or equal to 4 mm interproximally ...	1992	1346265
enumeration of subgingival species on primary isolation plates using colony lifts.	this study evaluated the feasibility of using a colony lift method and dna probes to enumerate bacterial species cultured on primary isolation plates. fourteen digoxigenin-labeled whole chromosomal dna probes representing 12 subgingival species were validated by hybridization with colony lifts prepared from 249 reference strains of 51 species grown on trypticase soy agar plates supplemented with 5% sheep blood. colonies of reference strains were lifted onto nytran filters from plates and treated ...	1992	1528619
the early colonization of gram-negative anaerobic bacteria in edentulous infants.	the occurrence of oral gram-negative anaerobes was examined in 30 edentulous infants (mean age 3 months, range 1-7 months). one pooled swab sample from mucosal surfaces (cheeks, palate, tongue) and one saliva sample was taken from each infant. the samples were cultured aerobically and anaerobically using non-selective and selective media. prevotella (bacteroides) melaninogenica was the most frequently isolated anaerobe, found in 70% of the infants. the other common anaerobes were fusobacterium n ...	1992	1528621
microbial etiology of periodontal diseases. where are we? where are we going?	many studies indicate a strong association of actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans with localized juvenile periodontitis. species associated with adult periodontitis include bacteroides forsythus, porphyromonas gingivalis, prevotella intermedia, a. actinomycetemcomitans, and wolinella recta. capnocytophaga species may be important in pubertal gingivitis. an unnamed spirochete related to treponema pallidum has been identified in acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis lesions. species isolated fr ...	1992	1325846
immunoglobulin-degrading enzymes in localized juvenile periodontitis.	previous reports have indicated the association of periodontal diseases with elevated levels of serum immunoglobulin g (igg) antibodies to periodontally relevant bacteria. recent results from this laboratory suggest that enzymes proteolytic for immunoglobulins are important virulence factors of several periodontal bacteria. specifically, enzymes from porphyromonas (bacteroides) gingivalis culture supernatant fluid (sf) cleaved human igg (4 subclasses), iga1 and iga2, igm, igd and ige. proteolyti ...	1992	1318974
bite wounds and infection.	one of every two americans will be bitten by an animal or by another person at some point. bites account for approximately 1% of all visits to emergency rooms; injuries inflicted by dogs are most common. the bacteria involved in infection of bite wounds include pasteurella multocida, staphylococcus aureus, staphylococcus intermedius, alpha-hemolytic streptococci, capnocytophaga canimorsus, and other members of the oral flora. anaerobic bacteria are present in approximately one-third of bite woun ...	1992	1562653
a sensitive enzymatic method (sk-013) for detection of treponema denticola, porphyromonas gingivals and bacteroides forsythus in subgingival plaque samples.	an enzymatic method, sk-013, was developed for rapid detection of the peptidase activity in subgingival plaque samples. this method was found to have specificity for porphyromonas gingivalis, treponema denticola, bacteroides forsythus, and some capnocytophaga strains. the purpose of this study was to determine whether sk-013 could indicate the presence of periodontopathic bacteria, including t. denticola, p. gingivalis and b. forsythus, which produce trypsin-like enzymes. subgingival plaque samp ...	1992	1312592
dog-bite induced capnocytophaga canimorsus septicaemia.		1992	1580872
capnocytophaga bacteremia in a patient with hodgkin's disease following bone marrow transplantation: case report and review.	capnocytophaga is a gram-negative, capnophilic, facultatively anaerobic bacillus that normally inhabits the oral cavity. we report the case of a patient who developed capnocytophaga bacteremia following autologous bone marrow transplantation for hodgkin's disease, and we review other reported cases of capnocytophaga bacteremia in immunocompromised patients. in our case infection followed pretransplantation conditioning and was associated with severe oral mucositis and neutropenia. antibiotic the ...	1992	1600004
modulation of human neutrophil adherence by oral bacteria.	polymorphonuclear neutrophils (pmns) comprise over 90 per cent of leukocytes in the oral cavity. although these phagocytic cells have primary defence roles in the gingiva, their stimulation by micro-organisms may also cause substantial tissue damage due to the release of lysosomal enzymes and oxygen radicals. adherence of pmns to the endothelium and their subsequent diapedesis and egress to areas of infection are considered early vital events in the inflammatory process. in this study, oral bact ...	1992	1605750