Publications

increased male mating rate in drosophila is associated with wolbachia infection.	the maternally inherited bacterium wolbachia pipientis infects 25-75% of arthropods and manipulates host reproduction to improve its transmission. one way wolbachia achieves this is by inducing cytoplasmic incompatibility (ci), where crosses between infected males and uninfected females are inviable. infected males suffer reduced fertility through ci and reduced sperm production. however, wolbachia induce lower levels of ci in nonvirgin males. we examined the impact of wolbachia on mating behavi ...	2006	17040394
rate of elimination of wolbachia pipientis by doxycycline in vitro increases following drug withdrawal.	wolbachia pipientis is an obligate intracellular bacterium within the family anaplasmataceae that infects many terrestrial arthropods and arthropod-transmitted nematodes (filariae). several filarial species are major human pathogens, and antibiotics with activity against wolbachia offer a promising new therapeutic approach, since the adult worms are relatively refractory to conventional anthelmintics but depend on wolbachia for reproduction and viability. in a natural filarial parasite of cattle ...	2006	16495252
wolbachia infection reduces sperm competitive ability in an insect.	the maternally inherited bacterium wolbachia pipientis imposes significant fitness costs on its hosts. one such cost is decreased sperm production resulting in reduced fertility of male drosophila simulans infected with cytoplasmic incompatibility (ci) inducing wolbachia. we tested the hypothesis that wolbachia infection affects sperm competitive ability and found that wolbachia infection is indeed associated with reduced success in sperm competition in non-virgin males. in the second male role, ...	2006	16777737
wolbachia endosymbiotic bacteria of brugia malayi mediate macrophage tolerance to tlr- and cd40-specific stimuli in a myd88/tlr2-dependent manner.	lymphatic filarial nematodes are able to down-regulate parasite-specific and nonspecific responses of lymphocytes and apc. lymphatic filariae are reliant on wolbachia endosymbiotic bacteria for development and survival. we tested the hypothesis that repeated exposure to wolbachia endosymbionts would drive macrophage tolerance in vitro and in vivo. we pre-exposed murine peritoneal-elicited macrophages to soluble extracts of brugia malayi female worms (bmfe) before restimulating with bmfe or tlr a ...	2006	16818783
asymmetrical interactions between wolbachia and spiroplasma endosymbionts coexisting in the same insect host.	we investigated the interactions between the endosymbionts wolbachia pipientis strain wmel and spiroplasma sp. strain nsro coinfecting the host insect drosophila melanogaster. by making use of antibiotic therapy, temperature stress, and hemolymph microinjection, we established the following strains in the same host genetic background: the sw strain, infected with both spiroplasma and wolbachia; the s strain, infected with spiroplasma only; and the w strain, infected with wolbachia only. the infe ...	2006	16820474
detection and identification of ehrlichia spp. in ticks collected in tunisia and morocco.	a broad-range 16s rrna gene pcr assay followed by partial sequencing of the 16s rrna gene was used for the detection of members of the family anaplasmataceae in ticks in north africa. a total of 418 questing ixodes ricinus ticks collected in tunisia and morocco, as well as 188 rhipicephalus ticks from dogs and 52 hyalomma ticks from bovines in tunisia, were included in this study. of 324 adult i. ricinus ticks, 16.3% were positive for ehrlichia spp., whereas only 3.4 and 2.8% of nymphs and larva ...	2005	15750072
serendipitous discovery of wolbachia genomes in multiple drosophila species.	the trace archive is a repository for the raw, unanalyzed data generated by large-scale genome sequencing projects. the existence of this data offers scientists the possibility of discovering additional genomic sequences beyond those originally sequenced. in particular, if the source dna for a sequencing project came from a species that was colonized by another organism, then the project may yield substantial amounts of genomic dna, including near-complete genomes, from the symbiotic or parasiti ...	2005	15774024
[polymorphism of mitochondrial dna and infection with symbiotic cytoplasmic bacterium wolbachia pipientis in mosquitoes of the culex pipiens complex from russia].	a total of 208 mosquitoes of the culex pipiens complex from 15 basement and terrestrial populations collected in different regions of the european part of russia and siberia were examined by genetic methods. among these, two major mitotypes, m and p, were identified. these mitotypes differed by six substitutions in the 246-bp mitochondrial dna cytochrome oxidase i gene fragment examined. urban basement mosquito ecotype c. pipiens (form molestus) were characterized by the presence of mitotype m a ...	2005	15865286
distribution, expression, and motif variability of ankyrin domain genes in wolbachia pipientis.	the endosymbiotic bacterium wolbachia pipientis infects a wide range of arthropods, in which it induces a variety of reproductive phenotypes, including cytoplasmic incompatibility (ci), parthenogenesis, male killing, and reversal of genetic sex determination. the recent sequencing and annotation of the first wolbachia genome revealed an unusually high number of genes encoding ankyrin domain (ank) repeats. these ank genes are likely to be important in mediating the wolbachia-host interaction. in ...	2005	16030207
can cytoplasmic incompatibility inducing wolbachia promote the evolution of mate preferences?	the maternally inherited bacterium, wolbachia pipientis, manipulates host reproduction by rendering uninfected females reproductively incompatible with infected males (cytoplasmic incompatibility, ci). hosts may evolve mechanisms, such as mate preferences, to avoid fitness costs of wolbachia infection. despite the potential importance of mate choice for wolbachia population dynamics, this possibility remains largely unexplored. here we model the spread of an allele encoding female mate preferenc ...	2005	16033569
evidence for a global wolbachia replacement in drosophila melanogaster.	wolbachia are maternally inherited intracellular alpha-proteobacteria found in numerous arthropod and filarial nematode species. they influence the biology of their hosts in many ways. in some cases, they act as obligate mutualists and are required for the normal development and reproduction of the host. they are best known, however, for the various reproductive parasitism traits that they can generate in infected hosts. these include cytoplasmic incompatibility (ci) between individuals of diffe ...	2005	16085497
[sexual reproduction of insects is regulated by cytoplasmic bacteria].	the effects have been considered that the intracellular symbiotic alpha-proteobacteria wolbachia pipientis induces in its hosts, such as insects and other arthropods: cytoplasmic incompatibility upon mating, feminization, parthenogenesis, and androcide. specific features of the bacterium genome and possible mechanisms of its action on hosts are discussed.	2005	16208939
efficient procedure for purification of obligate intracellular wolbachia pipientis and representative amplification of its genome by multiple-displacement amplification.	bacteria belonging to the genus wolbachia are obligatory microendocytobionts that infect a variety of arthropods and a majority of filarial nematode species, where they induce reproductive alterations or establish a mutualistic symbiosis. although two whole genome sequences of wolbachia pipientis, for strain wmel from drosophila melanogaster and strain wbm from brugia malayi, have been fully completed and six other genome sequencing projects are ongoing (http://www.genomesonline.org/index.cgi?wa ...	2005	16269725
phylogeny of wolbachia pipientis based on glta, groel and ftsz gene sequences: clustering of arthropod and nematode symbionts in the f supergroup, and evidence for further diversity in the wolbachia tree.	current phylogenies of the intracellular bacteria belonging to the genus wolbachia identify six major clades (a-f), termed 'supergroups', but the branching order of these supergroups remains unresolved. supergroups a, b and e include most of the wolbachiae found thus far in arthropods, while supergroups c and d include most of those found in filarial nematodes. members of supergroup f have been found in arthropods (i.e. termites), and have previously been detected in the nematode mansonella ozza ...	2005	16339946
[differentiation between the urban mosquito culex pipiens pipiens f. molestus and culex torrentium (diptera: culicidae) by the molecular genetic methods].	the molecular characters suitable for the differentiation between the autogenous form of culex pipiens pipiens (the urban mosquito) and the species culex torrentium, which was previously identified erroneously as an anautogenous form of c. pipiens pipiens (shaikevich, vinogradova, 2004), are given. these mosquitoes differ in the infection by the endosymbiotic bacteria wolbachia pipientis, 6 transitions among 247 nucleotide sequences of 3' part of the cytochrome oxidase subunit i (coi) gene of mi ...	2005	16396396
phobic response factors from the fear survey schedule.	a phobic response scale was factored from responses to the fear survey schedule. subjects were 137 male and 168 female college students. a six factor solution extracted 41.78% of the trace. the factors were as follows: i (hostile-dependence), ii(body assult), iii (developmental fears), iv (performance and evaluation), v (death evasion), and vi (nuisance animals). an analysis of sex differences by item and scale generally supported and extended previous research. some conceptual ties were made by ...	2005	1151900
[resection of chondrosarcoma of the sternum with restoration of the thoracic wall. report of a case].		2005	1081246
appraisal of teachers in the faculty of veterinary science, university of liverpool.	in 1988, the faculty of veterinary science, university of liverpool, introduced a system of teacher appraisal, following the report of a faculty working party. the system is designed to provide information which will help the personal development of teaching skills, and also to provide the information required by the university for promoting a lecturer to senior lecturer. it incorporates opinions from students, collected formally by means of questionnaires, and from personal peers chosen by the ...	2005	1287953
secretogranin i/chromogranin b is a heparin-binding adhesive protein.	the major heparin-binding protein secreted by pc12 cells was purified from conditioned medium. amino-terminal sequencing of the purified protein identified it as secretogranin i/chromogranin b (sgi/chmb). the protein showed the same electrophoretic mobility and biochemical characteristics as previously reported for sgi/chmb and could be purified in high yield using a simple procedure. in vitro experiments demonstrated that sgi/chmb effectively promoted cell-substratum adhesion of nih 3t3 and pc1 ...	2005	1560226
the relationship of pretreatment family functioning to drinking behavior during follow-up by alcoholic patients.	the relationship of alcoholics' perceptions of the pretreatment functioning of their families to drinking outcomes during an 18-month follow-up was examined. family functioning was hypothesized to be predictive of drinking behavior, particularly in subjects with low assertion of autonomy scores. these individuals report greater dependency and attachment, and therefore might be more affected by the state of important relationships. the results indicated that with low autonomy male alcoholics, gre ...	2005	1449124
effects of nifedipine and diltiazem on myocardial ischemia in patients with severe stable angina pectoris treated with nitrates and beta-blockers.	in a randomized, cross-over, double-blind study, the effects of nifedipine were compared with those of diltiazem in 20 patients with severe stable angina pectoris and multivessel coronary artery disease treated with nitrates and beta-blockers. the comparison was performed by bicycle ergometry, clinical evaluation, and ambulatory 24-h ecg monitoring for 7-8 weeks. as compared with placebo, both nifedipine and diltiazem significantly reduced the daily number of anginal attacks and nitroglycerin co ...	2005	1282586
[hyperthyroidism during pregnancy].	the authors review the current knowledge of fetus and woman thyroid physiology during pregnancy. they analyze the abnormalities related to hyperthyroidism, and clinical and therapeutic aspects of thyrotoxicosis; in detail possible fetal complications. they suggest the practical management of thyrotoxicosis during pregnancy.	2005	1287750
regulation of glycoconjugate expression on cloned mammalian cells. studies on the growth dependence of membrane-associated/blood group h angigen.		2005	1253842
post-cataract cryptococcal endophthalmitis.		2005	1449785
[hepatotoxicity of cyproterone acetate].		2005	1410910
[repeated cesarean section. report of 100 cases].		2005	1175985
cancer communiqué. encore--a new approach to rehabilitation.		2005	1175846
academic freedom.		2005	1069648
[gastroenterological disorders in diabetes mellitus. iii. other disorders].		2005	545514
[gastric secretion in gastroduodenal ulcer].		2005	545511
[vascular surgery in the aged].		2005	538948
autosomal recessive inheritance of nager acrofacial dysostosis.	nager acrofacial dysostosis is a variant of mandibulofacial dysostosis with severe micrognathia, malar hypoplasia, and radial limb defects. most cases are sporadic, but autosomal recessive inheritance has been suggested. a family is reported in which two sibs are affected by this syndrome, presenting further evidence for autosomal recessive inheritance. the recognition of this syndrome as a distinct entity has important implications. after the birth of a child with orofacial malformations sugges ...	2005	3367347
primary dental care: an educational methodology for dental hygiene students.		2005	1069646
[outpatient care in uric acid disorders].	in 35 patients with uricopathy (arthritis urica, essential hyperuricaemia) the serum uric acid values, consumption of alcohol, overweight, hypertension and liver enzyma under dietary and medicamentous therapy (allopurinol) were investigated. here during an observation lasting 12--48 months allopurinol proved as a well tolerable uricostatic drug which was sufficiently effective also with a considerable exogenic purine application. we only insufficiently succeeded in influencing overweight and alc ...	2004	539007
[therapeutic endoscopy in the gastrointestinal tract].	in selected chapters of the therapeutic endoscopy we tried to represent secure knowledge, actual tendencies and partly future prognoses. hereby completeness cannot be expected. however, it became clear that numerous physical principles became useful for the therapy with the endoscope. chemical techniques, such as the litholysis of gall-stones are only at present used in our field. with all scepticism against the own field of interest one may say that the operative therapeutic endoscopy, as it is ...	2004	539002
[dynamics of the humoral immunity indices in children with phenylketonuria against a background of diet therapy and after its discontinuance].	the paper concerns variations in some parameters of humoral immunity in children with phenylketonuria examined at varying time (in the presence of specific dietetics and after its discontinuation). it is concluded that in children over 5 years of age, the hyperphenylalaninemia newly occurring after discontinuation of dietetics does not exert any material effect on the function of the mature enough immune system.	2004	516615
[alcohol intoxication and its differential diagnosis (author's transl)].	acute alcohol intoxication causes a lot of diagnostic problems. every doctor should be well informed about its differential diagnostic aspects. carelessness concerning diagnosis can be detrimental to the patient and the physician as well.	2004	532410
prescribing procrastination.	in his everyday work the family physician sees many patients whose problems have been diagnosed but for whom postponement of an active treatment plan is indicated. the physician must therefore prescribe procrastination in a carefully planned way. i describe some ideas and practical methods for doing this.	2004	529244
acute viral respiratory infections in children.		2004	506792
[the late david kohn, m.d].		2004	321306
propranolol in acute myocardial infarction.		2004	470741
james r. atkinson (january 6, 1920 - february 12, 1978).		2004	356827
a damaging error in australian drinking driver education programmes.		2004	470742
[the control of renin secretion: experimental data and clinical implications].		2004	356832
phylogenomics of the reproductive parasite wolbachia pipientis wmel: a streamlined genome overrun by mobile genetic elements.	the complete sequence of the 1,267,782 bp genome of wolbachia pipientis wmel, an obligate intracellular bacteria of drosophila melanogaster, has been determined. wolbachia, which are found in a variety of invertebrate species, are of great interest due to their diverse interactions with different hosts, which range from many forms of reproductive parasitism to mutualistic symbioses. analysis of the wmel genome, in particular phylogenomic comparisons with other intracellular bacteria, has reveale ...	2004	15024419
wolbachia pipientis: intracellular infection and pathogenesis in drosophila.	wolbachia pipientis is a vertically transmitted, obligate intracellular symbiont of arthropods. the bacterium is best known for its ability to manipulate host reproductive biology where it can induce cytoplasmic incompatibility, parthenogenesis, feminization and male-killing. in addition to the various reproductive phenotypes it generates through interaction with host reproductive tissue it is also known to infect somatic tissues. however, relatively little is known about the consequences of inf ...	2004	15036143
mapping the presence of wolbachia pipientis on the phylogeny of filarial nematodes: evidence for symbiont loss during evolution.	wolbachia pipientis is a bacterial endosymbiont associated with arthropods and filarial nematodes. in filarial nematodes, w. pipientis has been shown to play an important role in the biology of the host and in the immuno-pathology of filariasis. several species of filariae, including the most important parasites of humans and animals (e.g. onchocerca volvulus, wuchereria bancrofti and dirofilaria immitis) have been shown to harbour these bacteria. other filarial species, including an important r ...	2004	15037105
the sex ratio distortion in the human head louse is conserved over time.	at the turn of the 19th century the first observations of a female-biased sex ratio in broods and populations of the head louse, pediculus humanus capitis, had been reported. a study by buxton in 1940 on the sex ratio of lice on prisoners in ceylon is still today the subject of reanalyses. this sex ratio distortion had been detected in ten different countries. in the last sixty years no new data have been collected, especially on scalp infestations under economically and socially more developed ...	2004	15140268
wolbachia replication and host cell division in aedes albopictus.	wolbachia pipientis is an obligate intracellular endosymbiont of a range of arthropod species. the microbe is best known for its manipulations of host reproduction that include inducing cytoplasmic incompatibility, parthenogenesis, feminization, and male-killing. like other vertically transmitted intracellular symbionts, wolbachia's replication rate must not outpace that of its host cells if it is to remain benign. the mosquito aedes albopictus is naturally infected both singly and doubly with d ...	2004	15297923
variable fitness effects of wolbachia infection in drosophila melanogaster.	maternally inherited wolbachia bacteria are extremely widespread among insects and their presence is usually associated with parasitic modifications of host fitness. wolbachia pipientis infects drosophila melanogaster populations from all continents, but their persistence in this species occurs despite any strong parasitic effects. here, we have investigated the symbiosis between wolbachia and d. melanogaster and found that wolbachia infection can have significant survival and fecundity effects. ...	2004	15305172
wolbachia pipientis in australian spiders.	wolbachia pipientis is an endosymbiotic bacterium common to arthropods and filarial nematodes. this study presents the first survey and characterization of wolbachia pipientis that infect spiders. all spiders were collected from queensland, australia during 2002-2003 and screened for wolbachia infection using pcr approaches. the wolbachia strains present in the spiders are diverse, paraphyletic, and for the most part closely related to strains that infect insects. we have also identified several ...	2004	15386106
wolbachia infection in the newly described ecuadorian sand flea, tunga trimamillata.	wolbachia pipientis is an intracellular endosymbiont producing reproductive alterations in its hosts. this bacterium have been reported in many arthropods and nematodes. by pcr amplification and sequencing of the 16s rdna and ftsz genes we have identified a wolbachia strain in the newly described sand-flea, tunga trimamillata. prevalence of this endosymbiont in the 26 individuals screened is equal to 35%. sympatric and allopatric specimens of the related species tunga penetrans were also analyse ...	2004	15491544
genetic diversity of costa rican populations of the rice planthopper tagosodes orizicolus (homoptera: delphacidae).	tagosodes orizicolus (homoptera: delphacidae) is one of the main constraints of the rice production in the neotropics. this planthopper produces severe damages as a phloem feeder, causes mechanical injury during oviposition and vectors the rice hoja blanca virus (rhbv). the main objective of this study was to determine the genetic diversity of t. orizicolus populations from three rice growing regions of costa rica, using rapds. individuals from guanacaste, parrita, san carlos and cali-colombia, ...	2004	17361572
diversity of bacteria associated with collembola - a cultivation-independent survey based on pcr-amplified 16s rrna genes.	the bacterial communities found in eight different soil-inhabiting microarthropod species of the class collembola (springtails) were analyzed by analysis of pcr-amplified 16s rrna genes obtained without cultivation from total dna. to characterize the bacteria associated with the parthenogenetically-reproducing folsomia candida, the almost complete 16s rrna genes were amplified with three universal primers, i.e., the forward primer f27 and the reverse primer r1492 or r1525. with the reverse prime ...	2004	19712416
significance of epidemiology as viewed by a government scientist.		2004	428572
dnaa gene sequences from wolbachia pipientis support subdivision into supergroups and provide no evidence for recombination in the lineages infecting nematodes.	wolbachia pipientis is an intracellular bacterial endosymbiont of arthropods and filarial nematodes. six main supergroups of w. pipientis have been described: supergroups a, b, e, and f encompass arthropod wolbachiae; supergroups c and d encompass nematode wolbachiae. the description of these six supergroups has been based on the analysis of only two genes (ftsz and 16s rdna) and before decisions are taken on the taxonomic status of the six supergroups, analysis of further genes is required. in ...	2003	15270538
wolbachia distribution and cytoplasmic incompatibility during sperm development: the cyst as the basic cellular unit of ci expression.	the growth and distribution of the intracellular microbe wolbachia pipientis during spermatogenesis in several different host/symbiont genetic combinations in drosophila melanogaster and drosophila simulans is described. considerable intra- and inter-strain variation in wolbachia density and tissue distribution was observed. wolbachia were found inside spermatocytes and spermatids or within the somatic cyst cells surrounding the germ cells. some strains displayed both tissue distributions. high ...	2003	12559491
differences in extent of genetic introgression between sympatric culex pipiens and culex quinquefasciatus (diptera: culicidae) in california and south africa.	comparisons of five morphological characters, 12 enzyme electrophoresis profiles, and wolbachia pipientis infection rates were used to characterize populations of members of the culex pipiens l. complex in california and south africa. in south africa, male phallosome dv/d ratio, male maxillary palp index, branching of siphonal seta 1a, the enzyme locus mdhp-1, and w. pipientis infection rates proved highly diagnostic for separating culex quinquefasciatus from cx. pipiens phenotypes. in johannesb ...	2003	12597651
molecular detection of bartonella quintana, b. koehlerae, b. henselae, b. clarridgeiae, rickettsia felis, and wolbachia pipientis in cat fleas, france.	the prevalences of bartonella, rickettsia, and wolbachia were investigated in 309 cat fleas from france by polymerase chain reaction (pcr) assay and sequencing with primers derived from the glta gene for rickettsia, the its and pap31 genes for bartonella, and the 16s rrna gene for anaplasmataceae. positive pcr results were confirmed by using the lightcycler and specific primers for the rompb of rickettsia and glta of bartonella. r. felis was detected in 25 fleas (8.1%), w. pipientis, an insect s ...	2003	12643829
wolbachia pipientis growth kinetics and susceptibilities to 13 antibiotics determined by immunofluorescence staining and real-time pcr.	wolbachia spp. are strict intracellular bacteria that infect a wide range of arthropods and filarial nematodes. filarial nematodes are important causes of human diseases. there is increasing evidence that wolbachia spp. influence important functions in the biology of the hosts, specifically, infertility. preliminary experiments with humans and animals have suggested that antibiotics with activity against wolbachia may help to treat filariasis. in this study, we determined using a real-time quant ...	2003	12709338
rna polymerase beta-subunit-based phylogeny of ehrlichia spp., anaplasma spp., neorickettsia spp. and wolbachia pipientis.	sequence analysis of rpob, the gene encoding the beta-subunit of rna polymerase, was used in a phylogenetic investigation of nine species from the genera ehrlichia, neorickettsia, wolbachia and anaplasma. the complete nucleotide sequences obtained for anaplasma phagocytophilum (hge agent), ehrlichia chaffeensis, neorickettsia sennetsu, neorickettsia risticii, anaplasma marginale and wolbachia pipientis were amongst the longest rpob sequences in genbank and ranged from 4074 bp for n. sennetsu to ...	2003	12710612
endosymbiotic bacterium wolbachia pipientis in synanthropic populations of the mosquito culex pipiens pipiens l. (diptera, culicidae).		2003	12854423
sperm chromatin remodelling and wolbachia-induced cytoplasmic incompatibility in drosophila.	wolbachia pipientis is an obligate bacterial endosymbiont, which has successfully invaded approximately 20% of all insect species by manipulating their normal developmental patterns. wolbachia-induced phenotypes include parthenogenesis, male killing, and, most notably, cytoplasmic incompatibility. in the future these phenotypes might be useful in controlling or modifying insect populations but this will depend on our understanding of the basic molecular processes underlying insect fertilization ...	2003	12897857
the distribution and evolutionary history of wolbachia infection in native and introduced populations of the invasive argentine ant (linepithema humile).	wolbachia pipientis is a maternally transmitted bacterium that often alters the life history of its insect host to maximize transmission to subsequent generations. here we report on the frequency and distribution of wolbachia infection in a widespread invasive species, the argentine ant (linepithema humile). we screened 1175 individual argentine ants from 89 nests on five continents and several islands, including numerous locations in both the native (south american) and introduced ranges. we de ...	2003	14629385
mitochondrial and wolbachia markers for the sandfly phlebotomus papatasi: little population differentiation between peridomestic sites and gerbil burrows in isfahan province, iran.	in iran, phlebotomus papatasi (scopoli) (diptera: psychodidae) is the main vector of leishmania major yakimoff & schokhor (kinetoplastida: trypanosomatidae), the causative agent of rural zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis. this sandfly is abundant both in villages and in the burrows of the main reservoir host, the gerbil rhombomys opimus (licht.) (rodentia: gerbillidae). populations of p. papatasi were sampled from the edges of villages in isfahan province, using cdc miniature light traps in perid ...	2003	14651648
culture and phenotypic characterization of a wolbachia pipientis isolate.	the recent isolation of wolbachia pipientis in the continuous cell line aa23, established from eggs of a strain of the asian tiger mosquito aedes albopictus, allowed us to perform extensive characterization of the isolate. bacterial growth could be obtained in c6/36, another a. albopictus cell line, at 28 degrees c and in a human embryonic lung fibroblast monolayer at 28 and 37 degrees c, confirming that its host cell range is broader than was initially thought. the bacteria were best visualized ...	2003	14662922
[interactions with the families of down's syndrome infants].		2003	161789
[transketolase activity as a parameter for the vitamin b1 provision in some dermatoses (herpes zoster, psoriasis, drug eruptions, excema, and urticaria) (author's transl)].		2003	153861
jaundice. clinical pearls and perils revisited.	i recount some clinical "pearls and perils" to help reassess the contributions of abdominal ultrasound, cholangiography, needle biopsy of the liver, and laparoscopy. abdominal ultrasound demonstrates stones in the gallbladder in approximately 98% of cases, but in only 15% in the common bile duct, whereas computerized tomography scan reveals them in greater than or equal to 50%. on cholangiography a blood clot (in hemobilia) may closely resemble a common duct stone, as may spasm or tumor of the d ...	2003	2958535
[angiotomography of supratentorial brain tumors].		2003	207124
a study of torsional and angular deflection of endodontic files and reamers.		2003	296261
lithium and psoriasis.		2002	122448
wolbachia density and virulence attenuation after transfer into a novel host.	the factors that control replication rate of the intracellular bacterium wolbachia pipientis in its insect hosts are unknown and difficult to explore, given the complex interaction of symbiont and host genotypes. using a strain of wolbachia that is known to over-replicate and shorten the lifespan of its drosophila melanogaster host, we have tracked the evolution of replication control in both somatic and reproductive tissues in a novel host/wolbachia association. after transinfection (the transf ...	2002	11880639
electron microscopic and molecular identification of wolbachia endosymbionts from onchocerca lupi: implications for therapy.	it was recently demonstrated that wolbachia intracellular bacteria (alpha 2 proteobacteria, rickettsiales) living in filarial nematodes are obligatory symbionts of their hosts. herein, we report the electron microscopic and 16s ribosomal dna-based (16s rdna) identification of the endobacteria harboring in onchocerca lupi. the worm nodules containing the nematodes were removed from three hungarian dogs naturally infected with o. lupi. wolbachia-like endobacteria were detected by electron microsco ...	2002	11992713
a host parasite interaction rescues drosophila oogenesis defects.	the cytoplasmically inherited bacterium wolbachia pipientis is a widespread parasite of arthropods that manipulates the reproductive biology of its hosts, often to their detriment, in order to foster its own transmission through egg cytoplasm. here we report that infection by wolbachia restores fertility to drosophila melanogaster mutant females prevented from making eggs by protein-coding lesions in sex-lethal (sxl), the master regulator of sex determination. suppression of sterility by wolbach ...	2002	12097909
host-symbiont conflicts: positive selection on an outer membrane protein of parasitic but not mutualistic rickettsiaceae.	the rickettsiaceae is a family of intracellular bacterial symbionts that includes both vertically transmitted parasites that spread by manipulating the reproduction of their host (wolbachia in arthropods) and horizontally transmitted parasites (represented by cowdria ruminantium), and mutualists (wolbachia pipientis in nematode worms). we have investigated the nature of natural selection acting on an outer membrane protein, the wsp gene in wolbachia and its homologue map1 in cowdria, thought lik ...	2002	12140246
within- and between-population variation for wolbachia-induced reproductive incompatibility in a haplodiploid mite.	wolbachia pipientis is a bacterium that induces cytoplasmic incompatibility (ci), the phenomenon in which infected males are reproductively incompatible with uninfected females. ci spreads in a population of hosts because it reduces the fitness of uninfected females relative to infected females. ci encompasses two steps: modification (mod) of sperm of infected males and rescuing (resc) of these chromosomes by wolbachia in the egg. infections associated with ci have mod+ resa+ phenotypes. however ...	2002	12206235
in vitro activity of antimicrobial agents against the endosymbiont wolbachia pipientis.	arthropod-transmitted (filarial) nematodes are important causes of disease in humans in tropical countries, yet no safe drug appropriate for mass delivery kills the adult worms. however, most filarial nematodes contain rickettsia-like bacteria of the genus wolbachia, and related bacteria also occur in insects. there is increasing evidence that these bacteria have significant functions in the biology of filarial nematodes. they are thus important targets in the search for antifilarial drugs and e ...	2001	11328780
a newly discovered bacterium associated with parthenogenesis and a change in host selection behavior in parasitoid wasps.	the symbiotic bacterium wolbachia pipientis has been considered unique in its ability to cause multiple reproductive anomalies in its arthropod hosts. here we report that an undescribed bacterium is vertically transmitted and associated with thelytokous parthenogenetic reproduction in encarsia, a genus of parasitoid wasps. although wolbachia was found in only one of seven parthenogenetic encarsia populations examined, the "encarsia bacterium" (eb) was found in the other six. among seven sexually ...	2001	11592990
histologic fixatives suitable for diagnostic light and electron microscopy.	the merits of formaldehyde, formaldehyde-glutaraldehyde combinations, and glutaraldehyde in phosphate buffers have been compared as fixatives that will give easy and satisfactory preservation of tissues for routine automated histologic processing and yet keep them suitable for electron microscopical studies after prolonged storage at room temperature. we recommend a combination of 4% commercial formaldehyde and 1% glutaraldehyde in a buffer of 176 mosm/liter. tissue sections should not exceed 3 ...	2001	60092
the study of enzyme mechanisms by a combination of cosolvent, low-temperature and high-pressure techniques.		2001	95127
neonatal sacrococcygeal teratoma: multiimaging modality assessment.	neonatal sacrococcygeal teratoma (sct) is a rare and potentially malignant tumor. we report on four cases of neonatal sct, in which ultrasound (us), computed tomography (ct), and magnetic resonance imaging (mri) were used preoperatively to accurately establish the extent of the tumor and its relationship to the surrounding anatomic structures. this approach facilitates complete surgical resection and optimal outcome.	2000	2193140
if i were a dean...		2000	87567
cine mr voiding cystourethrogram in adult normal males.	cine voiding cystourethrogram was performed in 15 normal subjects using t1-weighted turbo flash sequence. it showed the sequence of emptying of bladder, detrusor muscle contraction, opening of the sphincters, and various parts of urethra. it was found to be a good noninvasive test to study the dynamics of lower urinary tract without disturbing the state of the physiology.	2000	1461085
tissue distribution and prevalence of wolbachia infections in tsetse flies, glossina spp.	tsetse flies glossina spp. (diptera: glossinidae) harbor three different symbiotic microorganisms, one being an intracellular rickettsia of the genus wolbachia. this bacterium infects a wide range of arthropods, where it causes a variety of reproductive abnormalities, one of which is termed cytoplasmic incompatibility (ci) that, when expressed, results in embryonic death due to disruptions in fertilization events. we report here that in colonized flies, wolbachia infections can be detected in 10 ...	2000	10759311
offsetting effects of wolbachia infection and heat shock on sperm production in drosophila simulans: analyses of fecundity, fertility and accessory gland proteins.	infection in drosophila simulans with the endocellular symbiont wolbachia pipientis results in egg lethality caused by failure to properly initiate diploid development (cytoplasmic incompatibility, ci). the relationship between wolbachia infection and reproductive factors influencing male fitness has not been well examined. here we compare infected and uninfected strains of d. simulans for (1) sperm production, (2) male fertility, and (3) the transfer and processing of two accessory gland protei ...	2000	10790392
comparative genomics of mitochondrial dna in drosophila simulans.	the current study compares the nucleotide variation among 22 complete mitochondrial genomes of the three distinct drosophila simulans haplotypes with intron 1 of the alcohol dehydrogenase-related locus. this is the first study to investigate the sequence variation of multiple complete mitochondrial genomes within distinct mitochondrial haplotypes of a single species. patterns of variation suggest distinct forces are influencing the evolution of mitochondrial dna (mtdna) and autosomal dna in d. s ...	2000	10903373
expression of cytoplasmic incompatibility in drosophila simulans and its impact on infection frequencies and distribution of wolbachia pipientis.	the aim of this study is to examine the expression of cytoplasmic incompatibility and investigate the distribution and population frequencies of wolbachia pipientis strains in drosophila simulans. nucleotide sequence data from 16s rdna and a wolbachia surface protein coding sequence and cytoplasmic incompatibility assays identify four distinct wolbachia strains: wha, wri, wma, and wau. the levels of cytoplasmic incompatibility between six lines carrying these strains of bacteria and three contro ...	2000	11108593
occurrence of novel verrucomicrobial species, endosymbiotic and associated with parthenogenesis in xiphinema americanum-group species (nematoda, longidoridae).	numerous micro-organisms have been described as cytoplasmic symbionts of eukaryotes. many so-called obligate endosymbionts rely exclusively on maternal (vertical or transovarial) transmission to maintain themselves, rendering them dependent on the host sex ratio, which they would tend to manipulate to their own advantage. the latter phenomenon is often associated with the presence of wolbachia pipientis (alpha-proteobacteria) in arthropods and nematodes. a potentially similar situation was disco ...	2000	11155997
distribution and diversity of wolbachia infections in southeast asian mosquitoes (diptera: culicidae).	wolbachia are a group of intracellular inherited bacteria that infect a wide range of arthropods. they are associated with a variety of reproductive alterations in their hosts, the best known being cytoplasmic incompatability. the wolbachia pipientis assemblage has been divided into two major groups (a and b) and 12 subgroups. we report herein the first systematic survey of wolbachia in mosquitoes, and the first survey classifying wolbachia infections by subgroup. wolbachia were detected in 28.1 ...	2000	15535575
evolution of wolbachia pipientis transmission dynamics in insects.	wolbachia pipientis is an intracellular bacterial parasite of arthropods that enhances its transmission by manipulating host reproduction, most commonly by inducing cytoplasmic incompatibility. the discovery of isolates with modified cytoplasmic incompatibility phenotypes and others with novel virulence properties is an indication of the potential breadth of evolutionary strategies employed by wolbachia.	1999	10390640
wolbachia pipientis: microbial manipulator of arthropod reproduction.	the alpha-proteobacterium wolbachia pipientis is a very common cytoplasmic symbiont of insects, crustaceans, mites, and filarial nematodes. to enhance its transmission, w. pipientis has evolved a large scale of host manipulations: parthenogenesis induction, feminization, and male killing. w. pipientis's most common effect is a crossing incompatibility between infected males and uninfected females. little is known about the genetics and biochemistry of these symbionts because of their fastidious ...	1999	10547686
phylogenetic analysis of the 16s rdna of the cytoplasmic bacterium wolbachia from the novel host folsomia candida (hexapoda, collembola) and its implications for wolbachial taxonomy.	wolbachia pipientis are intracellular, transovarially inherited alpha-proteobacteria in invertebrates. four major wolbachia groups exist: a, b (contained in divergent arthropods), c and d (harbored by nematoda). by means of transmission electron microscopy, we observed wolbachia-like bacteria in a primitive insect, folsomia candida (hexapoda, collembola, isotomidae). 16s rdna analysis proved them to constitute a novel lineage, henceforth named group e, in the wolbachial phylogenetic tree. it sha ...	1999	10556723
[incidence and evaluation of the risk of coronary disease. prospective study in paris].	the paris prospective study in an epidemiological study of 7,453 middle-aged men born in france, and initially free from ischaemic heart disease. the current mean follow-up time is 4 years. the mean annual incidence is 5.1 per 1000, which is about one half that found in similar american studies. this incidence is related to the cholesterol level, to the blood pressure, to cigarette consumption when the smoke is inhaled, to diabetes mellitus, and to major abnormalities on the electrocardiogram. t ...	1999	407866
prenatal diagnosis of congenital adrenal hyperplasia.		1999	91004
ultrastructural differentiation of the genogroups in the genus ehrlichia.	ultrastructural characteristics of 15 strains and isolates of ehrlichiae belonging to three genogroups, or clades of genetically related organisms united in the genera ehrlichia, cowdria, anaplasma, neorickettsia and a strain of wolbachia pipientis which represents a fourth genogroup in this cluster of species, were studied in continuous cell culture or in vivo: e. canis (oklahoma strain and vhe isolate), e. muris (as 145), e. chaffeensis (arkansas, 91he17 and sapulpa), human granulocytic ehrlic ...	1998	9511829
overcoming cytoplasmic incompatibility in drosophila.	the endocellular microbe wolbachia pipientis infects a wide variety of invertebrate species, in which its presence is closely linked to a form of reproductive failure termed cytoplasmic incompatibility (ci). ci renders infected males unable to father offspring when mated to uninfected females. because ci can dramatically affect fitness in natural populations, mechanisms that abate ci can have equally large impacts on fitness. we have discovered that repeated copulation by wolbachia-infected male ...	1998	9523438
phylogeny and pcr-based classification of wolbachia strains using wsp gene sequences.	wolbachia are a group of intracellular inherited bacteria that infect a wide range of arthropods. they are associated with a number of different reproductive phenotypes in their hosts, such as cytoplasmic incompatibility, parthenogenesis and feminization. while it is known that the bacterial strains responsible for these different host phenotypes form a single clade within the alpha-proteobacteria, until now it has not been possible to resolve the evolutionary relationships between different wol ...	1998	9569669
cloning and characterization of a gene encoding the major surface protein of the bacterial endosymbiont wolbachia pipientis.	the maternally inherited intracellular symbiont wolbachia pipientis is well known for inducing a variety of reproductive abnormalities in the diverse arthropod hosts it infects. it has been implicated in causing cytoplasmic incompatibility, parthenogenesis, and the feminization of genetic males in different hosts. the molecular mechanisms by which this fastidious intracellular bacterium causes these reproductive and developmental abnormalities have not yet been determined. in this paper, we repo ...	1998	9573188
in vitro cultivation of wolbachia pipientis in an aedes albopictus cell line.	a continuous cell line, aa23, was established from eggs of a strain of the asian tiger mosquito, aedes albopictus, naturally infected with the intracellular symbiont wolbachia pipientis. the resulting cell line was shown to be persistently infected with the bacterial endosymbiont. treatment with antibiotics cured the cells of the infection. in the course of establishing this cell line it was noticed that rflps in the pcr products of two wolbachia genes from the parental mosquitoes were fixed in ...	1997	9013253