Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| expression, purification and characterization of recombinant phospholipase b from moraxella bovis with anomalous electrophoretic behavior. | moraxella bovis is the causative agent of infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis (ibk) also known as pinkeye, a highly contagious and painful eye disease that is common in cattle throughout the world. vaccination appears to be a reasonable and cost-effective means of control of pinkeye. identification of genes encoding novel secreted antigens have been reported, and these antigens are being assessed for use in a vaccine. one of the genes encodes phospholipase b, which can be expressed with high ... | 2007 | 17709258 |
| prediction of upper respiratory tract bacteria in acute otitis media. | thorough otomicroscopical examination of the tympanic membrane in acute otitis media (aom) might distinguish aom episodes caused by different bacteria. it thus might be a way to select appropriate treatment for each patient without raising the number of dangerous complications. | 2007 | 17712670 |
| study of nasopharyngeal bacterial flora. variations in nasopharyngeal bacterial flora in schoolchildren and adults when administered antimicrobial agents. | changes in nasopharyngeal bacterial flora in adults with acute upper respiratory tract infection on administration of antimicrobial agents were investigated, and how these changes contrasted with those in children. many patients with acute sinusitis due to allergies, and patients with malignancy and diabetes mellitus were included in the investigation. the detection rates of streptococcus pneumoniae, haemophilus influenzae, and moraxella catarrhalis, the major bacteria of acute otitis media (aom ... | 2007 | 17721687 |
| five-year experience of corneal scrapes at wellington eye department, new zealand. | to determine the causative organisms of bacterial keratitis in wellington and to identify the antibiotic sensitivities of each bacterium isolated. these results will then be compared with certain patient characteristics and clinical outcomes. | 2007 | 17726496 |
| microbiological evaluation of the new vitek 2 neisseria-haemophilus identification card. | vitek 2 is an automated identification system for diverse bacterial and fungal species. a new card (the neisseria-haemophilus [nh] card) for the identification of neisseria spp., haemophilus spp., and other fastidious gram-negative or gram-variable microorganisms has been developed, but its performance in a routine clinical laboratory has not yet been evaluated. in this study, a total of 188 bacterial strains belonging to the genera actinobacillus, campylobacter, capnocytophaga, cardiobacterium, ... | 2007 | 17728469 |
| [acute otitis media: diagnosis and treatment]. | acute otitis media (aom) is one of the most common causes of medical visit and antimicrobial use in children. a rationale management approach requires a thorough clinical exam and updated knowledge on local patterns of microorganisms involved and antimicrobial susceptibility profiles. clinical diagnosis should be performed with pneumatic otoscopy. the most common microorganism causing aom in santiago, chile according to local studies are streptococcus pneumoniae (40%o), non-capsulated haemophilu ... | 2007 | 17728917 |
| middle ear pressure in preschool age children: influence of respiratory illness, season, and picornavirus or bacteria in the nasopharynx. | middle ear pressure was affected by respiratory illness and season; picornavirus (without illness) or pathogenic bacteria in the nasopharynx had no or minor effect. | 2007 | 17729179 |
| a reservoir of moraxella catarrhalis in human pharyngeal lymphoid tissue. | early exposure of infants and long-term immunity suggest that colonization with moraxella catarrhalis is more frequent than is determined by routine culture. we characterized a reservoir of m. catarrhalis in pharyngeal lymphoid tissue. | 2007 | 17763332 |
| paranasal sinuses and middle ear infections: what do they have in common? | otitis media and sinusitis are among the most common pediatric diseases and they share common features. although the anatomy, physiology and disease processes are not identical, knowledge of the pathophysiology of middle ear disorders often provides to the pediatrician a useful understanding of sinus diseases. the same risk factors identified for otitis media may play a pivotal role in the development of sinusitis. moreover, as both paranasal sinuses and middle ear acquire respiratory pathogens ... | 2007 | 17767605 |
| activity of moxifloxacin on biofilms produced in vitro by bacterial pathogens involved in acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis. | the aim of this study was to assess whether moxifloxacin is able to inhibit the synthesis of and to disrupt biofilms produced in vitro by bacterial pathogens involved in acute bacterial exacerbations of chronic bronchitis. three strains each of haemophilus influenzae, streptococcus pneumoniae, moraxella catarrhalis, staphylococcus aureus and escherichia coli recently isolated from clinical respiratory specimens and capable of slime production were used. biofilm formation on polystyrene plates wa ... | 2007 | 17768034 |
| differentiation of moraxella bovoculi sp. nov. from other coccoid moraxellae by the use of polymerase chain reaction and restriction endonuclease analysis of amplified dna. | moraxella ovis was historically the only coccoid moraxella identified in cultures of ocular fluid from cattle with infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis (ibk) and could be morphologically and biochemically differentiated from moraxella bovis. moraxella bovoculi sp. nov. is a recently characterized moraxella isolated from ulcerated eyes of calves with ibk in northern california in 2002. like moraxella ovis, m. bovoculi sp. nov. is a gram-negative coccus/diplococcus. all 18 original isolates of m ... | 2007 | 17823397 |
| a case-control study on risk factors for early-onset respiratory tract infection in patients admitted in icu. | respiratory tract infections are common in intensive care units (icu), with incidences reported from 10 to 65%, and case fatality rates over 20% in pneumonia. this study was designed to identify risk factors for the development of an early onset respiratory tract infection (eri) and to review the microbiological profile and the effectiveness of first intention antibiotic therapy. | 2007 | 17888157 |
| role of different moieties from the lipooligosaccharide molecule in biological activities of the moraxella catarrhalis outer membrane. | lipooligosaccharide (los), a major component of the outer membrane of moraxella catarrhalis, consists of two major moieties: a lipid a and a core oligosaccharide (os). the core os can be dissected into a linker and three os chains. to gain an insight into the biological activities of the los molecules of m. catarrhalis, we used a random transposon mutagenesis approach with an los specific monoclonal antibody to construct a serotype a o35elgt3 los mutant. maldi-tof-ms of de-o-acylated los from th ... | 2007 | 17892485 |
| the rise and spread of a new pathogen: seroresistant moraxella catarrhalis. | the nosocomial human pathogen moraxella catarrhalis is one the most important agents of human respiratory tract infections. this species is composed of two distinct lineages, one of only moderate virulence, the so-called serosensitive subpopulation, and a second, the seroresistant one, which is enriched among strains that harbor two major virulence traits: complement resistance and adherence to epithelial cells. using a suite of population genetics tools, we show that the seroresistant lineage i ... | 2007 | 17895425 |
| the dynamics of bacteria in the middle ear during the course of acute otitis media with tympanostomy tube otorrhea. | dynamics of bacteria during acute otitis media (aom) has not been thoroughly studied because it requires repeated tympanocentesis. aom with tympanostomy tube otorrhea provides a unique opportunity to study the appearance and disappearance of pathogens during the course of the disease without stressing the child. | 2007 | 17901793 |
| biomimetic total synthesis and antimicrobial evaluation of anachelin h. | the first biomimetic total synthesis of the iron chelator anachelin h isolated from the cyanobacterium anabaena cylindrica is reported. a first generation approach delivered one enantiomeric series of the polyketide fragment. comparison of the 1h nmr data suggested the relative configuration of this anachelin fragment. the relative and absolute configuration of anachelin h was then established by total synthesis. a second generation approach involved the enzymatic conversion of n,n-dimethyltyram ... | 2007 | 17902695 |
| contribution of moraxella catarrhalis type iv pili to nasopharyngeal colonization and biofilm formation. | moraxella catarrhalis is a gram-negative mucosal pathogen of the human respiratory tract. although little information is available regarding the initial steps of m. catarrhalis pathogenesis, this organism must be able to colonize the human mucosal surface in order to initiate an infection. type iv pili (tfp), filamentous surface appendages primarily comprised of a single protein subunit termed pilin, play a crucial role in the initiation of disease by a wide range of bacteria. we previously iden ... | 2007 | 17908808 |
| national and regional assessment of antimicrobial resistance among community-acquired respiratory tract pathogens identified in a 2005-2006 u.s. faropenem surveillance study. | surveillance studies conducted in the united states over the last decade have revealed increasing resistance among community-acquired respiratory pathogens, especially streptococcus pneumoniae, that may limit future options for empirical therapy. the objective of this study was to assess the scope and magnitude of the problem at the national and regional levels during the 2005-2006 respiratory season (the season when community-acquired respiratory pathogens are prevalent) in the united states. a ... | 2007 | 17908940 |
| oral garenoxacin in the treatment of acute bacterial maxillary sinusitis: a phase ii, multicenter, noncomparative, open-label study in adult patients undergoing sinus aspiration. | garenoxacin is a des-f(6)-quinolone with in vitro activity against key respiratory pathogens, including streptococcus pneumoniae, hemophilus influenzae, staphylococcus aureus, and moraxella catarrhalis. limited data are available regarding the effect of garenoxacin in the treatment of acute bacterial sinusitis. | 2007 | 17919545 |
| role of albumin coating of tympanostomy tubes: long-term clinical evaluation. | our previous work has shown that albumin coating of tympanostomy tubes prevented adhesion of proteins or bacteria on the tube surface in vitro and in a 9-month prospective follow-up study. this study was continued until all tubes were extruded. | 2007 | 17921900 |
| childhood asthma after bacterial colonization of the airway in neonates. | pathological features of the airway in young children with severe recurrent wheeze suggest an association between bacterial colonization and the initiating events of early asthma. we conducted a study to investigate a possible association between bacterial colonization of the hypopharynx in asymptomatic neonates and later development of recurrent wheeze, asthma, and allergy during the first 5 years of life. | 2007 | 17928596 |
| of attraction and rejection--asthma and the microbial world. | 2007 | 17928604 | |
| evaluation of pyrrolidonyl arylamidase for the identification of nonfermenting gram-negative rods. | to evaluate the activity of pyrrolidonyl arylamidase (pyr) for the differentiation and identification of nonfermenting gram negative rods (nfgnr), 293 isolates were tested. a 24 h culture of each test organism was prepared. from this a 108-109 cfu/ml suspension was added to 0.25 ml of sterile physiologic solution. a pyr disk was then added and the test was incubated for 30 minutes at 35-37 degrees c, at environmental atmosphere. reading was done by adding 1 drop of cinnamaldehyde reagent. strain ... | 2007 | 16822636 |
| continuous vs. intermittent cefotaxime administration in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and respiratory tract infections: pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics, bacterial susceptibility and clinical efficacy. | to compare the pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics, antibiotic resistance and clinical efficacy of continuous (ca) vs. intermittent administration (ia) of cefotaxime in patients with obstructive pulmonary disease and respiratory infections. | 2007 | 16869814 |
| comparisons of parenteral broad-spectrum cephalosporins tested against bacterial isolates from pediatric patients: report from the sentry antimicrobial surveillance program (1998-2004). | a contemporary collection of 12737 strains from pediatric patients (<18 years) isolated over a 7-year period (1998-2004) from 52 sentinel hospitals in north america was tested to determine the comparative antimicrobial potency of broad-spectrum parenteral cephalosporins and selected comparator agents. most of the strains (84.1%) were isolated from blood stream or respiratory tract infections. the rank order of the top 10 pediatric pathogens analyzed was streptococcus pneumoniae (15.5%) >haemophi ... | 2007 | 16930923 |
| surgical wound infection associated with psychrobacter phenylpyruvicus-like organism. | a case of surgical wound infection caused by psychrobacter phenylpyruvicus-like organism is described. the strain showed phenotypic characteristics typical of p. phenylpyruvicus, but 16s rrna sequencing showed 98.2% relatedness to moraxella phenylpyruvica strain 752/52 and only 94.8% with p. phenylpyruvicus type strain atcc 23333(t). the results of molecular analysis suggest that the strain we isolated may represent a new species within the genus psychrobacter. | 2007 | 16989971 |
| nasal carriage of pathogenic bacteria in medical students: effects of clinic exposure on prevalence and antibiotic susceptibility. | staphylococcus aureus is a major cause of community-acquired and nosocomial infections worldwide. one important source of this pathogen for nosocomial infections is the nasal carriage of s. aureus among hospital personnel. there are only a few studies investigating the carriage of s. aureus in a community of medical students. oral and nasal flora of 179 medical students with varying clinical exposures were determined. oral cultures revealed no nosocomial pathogen and nasal cultures showed an inc ... | 2007 | 17024484 |
| modelling the co-occurrence of streptococcus pneumoniae with other bacterial and viral pathogens in the upper respiratory tract. | otitis media (om) is a major burden for all children, particularly for australian aboriginal children. streptococcus pneumoniae, moraxella catarrhalis, haemophilus influenzae and viruses (including rhinovirus and adenovirus) are associated with om. we investigated nasopharyngeal microbial interactions in 435 samples collected from 79 aboriginal and 570 samples from 88 non-aboriginal children in western australia. we describe a multivariate random effects model appropriate for analysis of longitu ... | 2007 | 17030494 |
| moraxella catarrhalis is internalized in respiratory epithelial cells by a trigger-like mechanism and initiates a tlr2- and partly nod1-dependent inflammatory immune response. | moraxella catarrhalis is an important pathogen in patients with chronic obstructive lung disease (copd). while m. catarrhalis has been categorized as an extracellular bacterium so far, the potential to invade human respiratory epithelium has not yet been explored. our results obtained by electron and confocal microscopy demonstrated a considerable potential of m. catarrhalis to invade bronchial epithelial (beas-2b) cells, type ii pneumocytes (a549) and primary small airway epithelial cells (saec ... | 2007 | 17054439 |
| characterization of the moraxella catarrhalis opa-like protein, olpa, reveals a phylogenetically conserved family of outer membrane proteins. | moraxella catarrhalis is a human-restricted pathogen that can cause respiratory tract infections. in this study, we identified a previously uncharacterized 24-kda outer membrane protein with a high degree of similarity to neisseria opa protein adhesins, with a predicted beta-barrel structure consisting of eight antiparallel beta-sheets with four surface-exposed loops. in striking contrast to the antigenically variable opa proteins, the m. catarrhalis opa-like protein (olpa) is highly conserved a ... | 2007 | 17041038 |
| a cold-active and thermostable alcohol dehydrogenase of a psychrotorelant from antarctic seawater, flavobacterium frigidimaris kuc-1. | an nad(+)-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase of a psychrotorelant from antarctic seawater, flavobacterium frigidimaris kuc-1 was purified to homogeneity with an overall yield of about 20% and characterized enzymologically. the enzyme has an apparent molecular weight of 160k and consists of four identical subunits with a molecular weight of 40k. the pi value of the enzyme and its optimum ph for the oxidation reaction were determined to be 6.7 and 7.0, respectively. the enzyme contains 2 gram-atoms z ... | 2007 | 17072683 |
| comparison between nasal swabs and nasopharyngeal aspirates for, and effect of time in transit on, isolation of streptococcus pneumoniae, staphylococcus aureus, haemophilus influenzae, and moraxella catarrhalis. | we assessed the impact of the use of nasal swabs or nasopharyngeal aspirates and the time from specimen collection to storage at -70 degrees c on bacterial isolation. haemophilus influenzae was isolated significantly less often from swabs than from nasopharyngeal aspirates. samples in transit for >3 days were half as likely to grow streptococcus pneumoniae and h. influenzae as those in transit for < or =3 days. there was no statistically significant difference for either moraxella catarrhalis or ... | 2007 | 17079497 |
| the moraxella catarrhalis autotransporter mcap is a conserved surface protein that mediates adherence to human epithelial cells through its n-terminal passenger domain. | the protein mcap was previously shown to be an adhesin expressed by the moraxella catarrhalis strain o35e, which also displays esterase and phospholipase b activities (j. m. timpe et al., infect. immun. 71:4341-4350, 2003). in the present study, sequence analysis suggests that mcap is a conventional autotransporter protein that contains a 12-stranded beta-barrel transporter module (amino acids [aa] 383 to 650) linked to a surface-exposed passenger domain exhibiting lipolytic activity (aa 62 to 3 ... | 2007 | 17088358 |
| intranasal vaccination with recombinant outer membrane protein cd and adamantylamide dipeptide as the mucosal adjuvant enhances pulmonary clearance of moraxella catarrhalis in an experimental murine model. | moraxella catarrhalis causes acute otitis media in children and lower respiratory tract infections in adults and elderly. in children the presence of antibodies against the highly conserved outer membrane protein cd correlates with protection against infection, suggesting that this protein may be useful as a vaccine antigen. however, native cd is difficult to purify, and it is still unclear if recombinant cd (rcd) is a valid alternative. we performed a side-by-side comparison of the immunogenici ... | 2007 | 17101651 |
| recovery of moraxella ovis from the bovine respiratory tract and differentiation of moraxella species by tdna-intergenic spacer pcr. | the purpose of the present study was to identify moraxella (m.)--like organisms recovered from calves suffering from respiratory disease down to species level by means of tdna-intergenic spacer length polymorphism analysis (tdna-pcr), and to perform antimicrobial susceptibility testing of these isolates using an agar dilution technique. a total of 16 isolates originating from 12 unrelated occasions were identified as moraxella ovis, and tdna fingerprinting showed clear delineation from other mor ... | 2007 | 17141983 |
| identification of a moraxella catarrhalis gene that confers adherence to various human epithelial cell lines in vitro. | moraxella catarrhalis is a pathogen of the human airways. we found that expression of the m. catarrhalis gene mcma by escherichia coli increases adherence to epithelial cells 100-fold. furthermore, we discovered that disrupting mcma decreases m. catarrhalis adherence to laryngeal and lung cells, which are relevant to pathogenesis by the bacterium. | 2007 | 17166229 |
| serial sinus aspirate samples during high-dose, short-course levofloxacin treatment of acute maxillary sinusitis. | this study assessed daily aspirate samples from an indwelling sinus catheter during high-dose, short-course levofloxacin (750 mg daily x 5 days) treatment of acute maxillary sinusitis. pathogens were isolated from 4 of 18 recruited patients. bacteriologic eradication occurred within 24 h for 3 patients and 72 h for the 4th. | 2007 | 17178300 |
| high-throughput amplification fragment length polymorphism (htaflp) analysis identifies genetic lineage markers but not complement phenotype-specific markers in moraxella catarrhalis. | comparative high-throughput amplified fragment length polymorphism (htaflp) analysis was performed on a set of 25 complement-resistant and 23 complement-sensitive isolates of moraxella catarrhalis in order to determine whether there were complement phenotype-specific markers within this species. the htaflp analysis used 21 primer-pair combinations, generating 41 364 individual fragments and 2273 fragment length polymorphisms, with an average of 862 polymorphisms per isolate. analysis of polymorp ... | 2007 | 17184288 |
| efficacy and safety of 3-day azithromycin versus 5-day moxifloxacin for the treatment of acute bacterial exacerbations of chronic bronchitis. | antibiotic therapy is of clinical benefit in certain patients with acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis (aecb). in this randomised, investigator-blinded, multicentre trial, azithromycin (500mg once a day (qd) for 3 days) was compared with moxifloxacin (400mg qd for 5 days) for the treatment of outpatients with aecb (forced expiratory volume in 1s (fev(1)) >35%). of 342 patients randomised to either treatment, 169 received azithromycin and 173 received moxifloxacin. the mean age in the azith ... | 2007 | 17189096 |
| pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic modeling of in vitro activity of azithromycin against four different bacterial strains. | the bacterial time-kill curves of azithromycin against four bacterial strains (streptococcus pneumoniae/penicillin-intermediate, s. pneumoniae/penicillin-sensitive, haemophilus influenzae and moraxella catarrhalis) were determined by in vitro infection models. eighteen different pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic models were fitted to the time-kill data using non-linear regression and compared for best fit. a simple, widely used e(max) model was not sufficient to describe the pharmacodynamic effect ... | 2007 | 17194570 |
| amniotic membrane transplantation in severe bacterial keratitis. | to determine whether a combination of early amniotic membrane transplantation (amt) and early topical corticosteroid treatment could be a safe adjuvant therapy during antibacterial treatment in severe bacterial keratitis (bk) for relieving pain, avoiding iatrogenic epithelial toxicity, and allowing earlier use of topical steroids. | 2007 | 17198010 |
| nasopharyngeal carriage of respiratory pathogens in children undergoing pressure equalization tube placement in the era of pneumococcal protein conjugate vaccine use. | to define carriage of bacterial respiratory pathogens in children undergoing pressure equalization tube placement. | 2007 | 17202908 |
| bactericidal monoclonal antibody against moraxella catarrhalis lipooligosaccharide cross-reacts with haemophilus spp. | monoclonal antibodies (mabs) against lipooligosaccharide (los) determinants after immunization of balb/c mice with heat inactivated moraxella catarrhalis serotype a were generated. mab 219a9 was specific for a common epitope of a, b, and c m. catarrhalis serotypes in elisa and immunofluorescent test (ift). in both tests it also cross-reacted with whole bacteria and lps antigens isolated from non-typeable h. influenzae and h. parainfluenzae strains. igm antibody clone 219a9 possessed a strong bac ... | 2007 | 17211546 |
| a uspa2h-negative variant of moraxella catarrhalis strain o46e has a deletion in a homopolymeric nucleotide repeat common to uspa2h genes. | moraxella catarrhalis strains can express either a uspa2 protein or a uspa2h protein. the latter protein is encoded by a gene that possesses a homopolymeric nucleotide tract containing eight adenine (a) residues [i.e., a poly(a) tract] which is located near the 5' end. a spontaneous uspa2h-negative variant of m. catarrhalis strain o46e, designated o46e.u2v, was found to have a uspa2h poly(a) tract that contained seven a residues. northern blot analysis of total rna from the o46e parent strain re ... | 2007 | 17220316 |
| novel detection of escherichia coli beta-d-glucuronidase activity using a microbially-modified glassy carbon electrode and its potential for faecal pollution monitoring. | the electrochemical detection of escherichia coli beta-d-glucuronidase activity as a means of monitoring water pollution by faecal material was investigated using separate moraxella- and pseudomonas putida-modified glassy carbon electrodes. the former was more sensitive and selective. the moraxella-modified biosensor was 100 times more rapid and sensitive than the spectrophotometric detection of beta-d-glucuronidase activity. the experimental limit of detection of the biosensor was two c.f.u. pe ... | 2007 | 17235488 |
| in vitro and in vivo antibacterial activities of heteroaryl isothiazolones against resistant gram-positive pathogens. | the activities of several tricyclic heteroaryl isothiazolones (hitzs) against an assortment of gram-positive and gram-negative clinical isolates were assessed. these compounds target bacterial dna replication and were found to possess broad-spectrum activities especially against gram-positive strains, including antibiotic-resistant staphylococci and streptococci. these included methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa), vancomycin-nonsusceptible staphylococci, and quinolone-resistant st ... | 2007 | 17242152 |
| in vitro activity of fluoroquinolones against ocular bacterial isolates in são paulo, brazil. | to compare the in vitro susceptibility profiles of bacterial ocular isolates and to determine minimum inhibitory concentrations (mics) of gatifloxacin and moxifloxacin (fourth-generation fluoroquinolones) versus ciprofloxacin and ofloxacin (second-generation fluoroquinolones). | 2007 | 17251812 |
| bacterial infection and risk factors in outpatients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a 2-year prospective study. | acute exacerbations of copd (aecopd) are commonly observed in community-based patients worldwide. the factors causing exacerbation are largely unknown. this study was undertaken to determine the predominant bacterial pathogens cultured from sputum in community-based patients with aecopd, to assess the risk factors associated with exacerbations and to compare these findings with published studies. | 2007 | 17298464 |
| infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis antimicrobial therapy. | infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis (ibk) is one of the most common diseases of cattle and is of major economic importance. if the primary aetiological agent, moraxella bovis, is successfully eliminated from ocular tissues corneal ulcers heal at a constant rate. if treatment is unsuccessful ulcer reoccurrence may follow initial healing. appropriate antimicrobial selection requires knowledge of antimicrobial sensitivities and distribution in ocular tissues and tears. drugs may be delivered to ... | 2007 | 17300463 |
| antimicrobial susceptibility of australian bovine moraxella isolates. | 2007 | 17300465 | |
| naso- and oropharyngeal potential respiratory pathogens in adults with nonpneumonic lower respiratory tract infection. | the objective of this prospective study was to determine positive isolation rates for potential respiratory pathogens (prps) in the naso- and oropharynx of adults hospitalized for nonpneumonic lower respiratory tract infection (nplrti), compared with patients with community-acquired pneumonia (cap) and healthy controls. the study population was 315 non-chronic obstructive pulmonary disease adults hospitalized with febrile lower respiratory tract infection (158 nplrti and 157 cap) and 450 control ... | 2007 | 17300907 |
| effect of smoking cessation on the microbial flora. | to determine the effect of smoking cessation on the frequency of recovery of potential pathogens and aerobic and anaerobic interfering bacteria in the nasopharynges of smokers. | 2007 | 17309981 |
| colonization and turnover of streptococcus pneumoniae, haemophilus influenzae, and moraxella catarrhalis in otitis-prone children. | recurrent otitis media are frequently intractable during childhood. it is unclear whether recurrent otitis media is caused by etiological bacteria colonization or by new infections. streptococcus pneumoniae, haemophilus influenzae and moraxella catarrhalis were isolated from the nasopharynx of 7 otitisprone and 2 non-prone children with recurrent otitis media. plural bacterial species and strains were found in all children while affected by otitis media. the same strain was repeatedly isolated f ... | 2007 | 17310090 |
| invasive infection due to moraxella lacunata, an unusual pathogen. | moraxella lacunata, a commensal bacterium, is associated with serious invasive disease. we describe a patient with diabetic nephropathy who developed septicemia with metastatic abscesses in the liver and spleen due to moraxella lacunata. the patient also had multiple ring enhancing lesions in both the cerebral hemispheres, possibly due to the same organism. | 2006 | 17333775 |
| [in-vitro susceptibilites to levofloxacin and various antibacterial agents of 18,639 clinical isolates obtained from 77 centers in 2004]. | a total of 18,639 clinical isolates in 19 species collected from 77 centers during 2004 in japan were tested for their susceptibility to fluoroquinolones (fqs) and other selected antibiotics. the common respiratory pathogens, streptococcus pyogenes, streptococcus pneumoniae, moraxella catarrhalis and haemophilus influenzae showed a high susceptible rate against fqs. the isolation rate of beta lactamase non-producing ampicillin-resistant h. influenzae was approximately three times as large as tho ... | 2006 | 17334061 |
| [in vitro study to evaluate the antibacterial activity of a combination of the haulm of nasturtium (tropaeoli majoris herba) and of the roots of horseradish (armoraciae rusticanae radix)]. | to evaluate the in-vitro antimicrobial properties of a commercialized preparation (angocin anti-infekt n) containing a combination of the haulm of nasturtium (tropaeoli majoris herba; n) and of the roots of horseradish (armoraciae rusticanae radix; h). this preparation can be used to treat upper respiratory tract (urti) and urinary tract infections (uti). the active ingredients are volatile mustard oils, which are activated in the gastrointestinal tract after oral intake. previous research has s ... | 2006 | 17260672 |
| sulfatide and its synthetic analogues recognition by moraxella catarrhalis. | moraxella catarrhalis is one of the major pathogens of respiratory and middle ear infections. attachment of this bacterium to the surface of human pharyngeal epithelial cells is the first step in the pathogenesis of infections. this study revealed that sulfatide might act as a binding molecule for the attachment of m. catarrhalis to human pharyngeal epithelial cells. furthermore, six different synthetic sulfatides were found to inhibit the attachment of m. catarrhalis significantly at an optimum ... | 2006 | 17179664 |
| [susceptibilities of bacteria isolated from patients with lower respiratory infectious diseases to antibiotics (2004)]. | from october 2004 to september 2005, we collected the specimen from 319 patients with lower respiratory tract infections in 12 institutions in japan, and investigated the susceptibilities of isolated bacteria to various antibacterial agents and patients' characteristics. of 383 strains that were isolated from specimen (mainly from sputum) and assumed to be bacteria causing in inflammation, 381 strains were examined. the breakdown of the isolated bacteria were: staphylococcus aureus 87, streptoco ... | 2006 | 17180803 |
| amino acid conjugated sophorolipids: a new family of biologically active functionalized glycolipids. | sophorolipids (sls) are extra cellular glycolipids produced by candida bombicola atcc 22214 when grown in the presence of glucose and fatty acids. these compounds have a disaccharide head group connected to a long-chain hydroxyl-fatty acid by a glycosidic bond. to explore structure-activity of modified sls, a new family of amino acid-sl derivatives was prepared. synthesized analogs consist of amino acids linked by amide bonds formed between their alpha-amino moiety and the carboxyl group of ring ... | 2006 | 17105232 |
| study of nasopharyngeal bacterial flora. second report. variations in nasopharyngeal bacterial flora in children aged 6 years or younger when administered antimicrobial agents. part 2. | this report focuses on changes in the nasopharyngeal bacterial flora before and after administration of antimicrobial agents in 172 cases of acute upper respiratory infection in patients aged 6 years or younger. the antimicrobial agents administered were amoxicillin (ampc) (34%), clavulanic acid/amoxicillin compound (11%), cefditren pivoxil (cdtr-pi) (43%), and others (12%). changes in nasopharyngeal bacterial flora were investigated with reexaminations conducted after 2-5 days (day 2-5 subgroup ... | 2006 | 17109095 |
| tigecycline: a new glycylcycline antimicrobial. | tigecycline is a new glycyclcycline antimicrobial recently approved for use in the usa, europe and elsewhere. while related to the tetracyclines, tigecycline overcomes many of the mechanisms responsible for resistance to this class. it demonstrates favourable in vitro potency against a variety of aerobic and anaerobic gram-positive and gram-negative pathogens, including those frequently demonstrating resistance to multiple classes of antimicrobials. this includes methicillin-resistant staphyloco ... | 2006 | 17109673 |
| antimicrobial resistance of respiratory pathogens isolated from pediatric patients. | 2006 | 17127238 | |
| an open-label, double tympanocentesis study of levofloxacin therapy in children with, or at high risk for, recurrent or persistent acute otitis media. | levofloxacin has excellent activity against common respiratory pathogens and therefore is likely to be effective in treating children with persistent or recurrent otitis media. | 2006 | 17133154 |
| outpatient antibiotic therapy as a predisposing factor for bacterial resistance: a rational approach to airway infections. | to present evidence-based recommendations for the use of antibiotics for the treatment of the most common acute respiratory infections (ari) and the available information on the importance of this type of management. | 2006 | 17136290 |
| [cefditoren pivoxil: a new oral cephalosporin for skin, soft tissue and respiratory tract infections]. | cefditoren pivoxil, a new-third generation cephalosporin antibiotic that has recently been granted approval in spain, shows important activity over a large part of the pathogens causing skin, soft tissue and respiratory tract infections, including gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. cefditoren has also been shown to be stable against hydrolysis by many common beta-lactamases. data from in vitro studies and clinical trials show this antibiotic as an oral formulation with an intrinsic activi ... | 2006 | 17099791 |
| macrolide resistance rates in respiratory pathogens in slovenia following reduced macrolide use. | the aim of this study was to investigate the association between decreased use of macrolides and resistance of common respiratory pathogens in slovenia from 1999 to 2004. over a 6-year period the consumption of macrolides in slovenia decreased by 21.3%, from 3.81 defined daily doses/1000 inhabitants per day (did) to 3.0 did. the use of short-acting, intermediate-acting and long-acting subclasses of macrolides decreased by 50%, 18% and 13%, respectively. in the same period, resistance of invasive ... | 2006 | 17101264 |
| structure and immunological action of the human pathogen moraxella catarrhalis igd-binding protein. | several pathogens have acquired the capacity to bind immunoglobulins in a nonimmune manner, that is, the binding does not involve the normal antigen-binding sites of the antibodies. in contrast to gram-positive bacteria, for example staphylococus aureus, nonimmune binding to gram-negative bacteria is rare. moraxella catarrhalis outer membrane protein mid is the first to date known igd-binding protein. mid is a 200-kda autotransporter protein that exists as an oligomer and is governed at the tran ... | 2006 | 17073558 |
| bacteriology of chronic sinusitis and acute exacerbation of chronic sinusitis. | to establish the microbiological characteristics of acute exacerbation of chronic sinusitis (aecs). | 2006 | 17043258 |
| discrepancy between antibiotics administered in acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis and susceptibility of isolated pathogens in respiratory samples: multicentre study in the primary care setting. | a national multicentre prevalence study was undertaken to determine the bacterial strains associated with mild-to-moderate acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis (aecb) in the primary care setting and the susceptibility of isolated pathogens to different antimicrobials usually prescribed to these patients. all samples were processed by a central reference laboratory. microdilution tests were carried out to establish the minimum inhibitory concentration (mic) of various antimicrobials. a doubl ... | 2006 | 17046209 |
| purification of igd from human serum--a novel application of recombinant m. catarrhalis igd-binding protein (mid). | moraxella catarrhalis igd-binding protein (mid) is a multimeric outer membrane protein belonging to the family of autotransporters. the igd-binding domain of mid is located between amino acids mid 962-1200 and binds to amino acids 198-224 of the igd c(h)1 region. in the present study, we describe a method to purify igd from serum with high levels of igd using a two-step affinity chromatography process. the first step involves depletion of mid-specific antibodies of all classes from serum using t ... | 2006 | 17056056 |
| accelerated antigen sampling and transport by airway mucosal dendritic cells following inhalation of a bacterial stimulus. | an increase in the tempo of local dendritic cell (dc)-mediated immune surveillance is a recognized feature of the response to acute inflammation at airway mucosal surfaces, and transient up-regulation of the apc functions of these dc preceding their emigration to regional lymph nodes has recently been identified as an important trigger for t cell-mediated airway tissue damage in diseases such as asthma. in this study, using a rat model, we demonstrate that the kinetics of the airway mucosal dc ( ... | 2006 | 17056510 |
| selection of retapamulin, a novel pleuromutilin for topical use. | the in vitro activity of retapamulin was determined and compared to that of topical and community antibiotics. the mic(90)s of retapamulin against staphylococcus aureus and streptococcus pyogenes were 0.12 microg/ml and 0.016 microg/ml, respectively. retapamulin has a low propensity to select resistance and produces an in vitro postantibiotic effect. | 2006 | 17065625 |
| prospective assessment of the role of antibiotic prophylaxis in ercp. | despite the existence of published recommendations, various studies of antibiotic prophylaxis have reached conflicting conclusions, and controversy exists regarding the role of antibiotic prophylaxis in ercp. the aim of this study was to analyze the efficacy of the intramuscular administration of clindamicine and gentamicine before ercp. | 2006 | 16995457 |
| contemporary prevalence of bro beta-lactamases in moraxella catarrhalis: report from the sentry antimicrobial surveillance program (north america, 1997 to 2004). | a total of 7,860 community-acquired moraxella catarrhalis isolates (sentry antimicrobial surveillance program, 1997 to 2004) were tested by broth microdilution methods, and 399 randomly selected strains from north american sites were tested for bro-1 and bro-2 by pcr methods. several antimicrobials remained very active, including amoxicillin-clavulanate (mic90s, < or =0.25 microg/ml), azithromycin (mic90s, < or =0.12 microg/ml), ceftriaxone (mic90s, 0.5 microg/ml), and levofloxacin (mic90s, < or ... | 2006 | 17021108 |
| identification of a novel glycosyltransferase involved in los biosynthesis of moraxella catarrhalis. | moraxella catarrhalis is an important human mucosal pathogen that contributes to otitis media in infants and exacerbates conditions such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in the elderly. this study describes the identification of a novel gene, lgt5 that encodes a glycosyltransferase involved in the los biosynthesis of m. catarrhalis. analysis of nmr data of los-derived oligosaccharide from a serotype a lgt5 mutant strain of m. catarrhalis indicate that lgt5 encodes an alpha-(1-->4)-galact ... | 2006 | 16934238 |
| upper respiratory tract bacterial carriage in aboriginal and non-aboriginal children in a semi-arid area of western australia. | streptococcus pneumoniae, haemophilus influenzae and moraxella catarrhalis are associated with otitis media (om). indigenous children experience particularly high rates of om. few studies worldwide have described upper respiratory tract (urt) carriage in indigenous and non-indigenous children living in the same area. | 2006 | 16940834 |
| changes of bacterial diversity and main flora in chilled pork during storage using pcr-dgge. | this study was designed to explore the bacterial diversity and the main flora in chilled pork by polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (pcr-dgge). longissimus muscle was removed from pork carcasses at 24 h postmortem. the muscle was tray- and vacuum-packaged at 4 degrees c for 2, 4, 7 days to extract the bacteria total dna, respectively. the results indicated that the bacterial diversity of chilled pork decreased with storage time regardless of packaging method. nine ... | 2006 | 16943058 |
| bacterial endosymbionts of pyrodinium bahamense var. compressum. | the study presents evidence in support of the bacterial theory associated with the toxicity of pyrodinium bahamense var. compressum. bacterial endosymbionts from philippine p. bahamense var. compressum strain pbc mzrva 042595 were isolated and identified via 16s rdna sequence analysis. taxonomic diversity of the identified culturable intracellular microbiota associated with philippine p. bahamense var. compressum was established to be limited to the phyla proteobacteria, actinobacteria, and firm ... | 2006 | 16944340 |
| [bacterial etiology of chronic bronchitis exacerbations treated by primary care physicians]. | few studies have been carried out to determine the prevalence of microorganisms causing exacerbations of chronic bronchitis in the community setting. the aim of the present study was to determine the bacterial etiology of chronic bronchitis exacerbations in patients not requiring hospitalization. | 2006 | 16948991 |
| in vitro activities of ertapenem against drug-resistant streptococcus pneumoniae and other respiratory pathogens from 12 asian countries. | in vitro activities of ertapenem and 11 other comparator agents were tested against 1025 isolates of respiratory pathogens collected from 12 asian countries. resistance rate to ertapenem was 1.2% in 602 isolates of streptococcus pneumoniae (mic(50), 0.06/mic(90), 1 microg/ml). ertapenem was also very active against penicillin-, ciprofloxacin-, erythromycin-, and multidrug-resistant pneumococcal isolates (resistance rate: 3.5%, 2.7%, 1.9%, and 2.7%, respectively). ertapenem-resistant pneumococcal ... | 2006 | 16949783 |
| isolation of methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus from the surface and core of tonsils in children. | the rate of recovery methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa) in tonsils that were removed because of recurrent group a-beta-hemolytic streptococci (gabhs) tonsillitis was not previously reported. mrsa may serve as a potential source for the spread of these organisms to other body sites as well to other individuals. this study investigated the rate of recovery of mrsa as well as other aerobic organisms from tonsils that were removed because of recurrent gabhs infection. | 2006 | 16962178 |
| a conserved tetranucleotide repeat is necessary for wild-type expression of the moraxella catarrhalis uspa2 protein. | the uspa2 protein has been shown to be directly involved in the serum-resistant phenotype of moraxella catarrhalis. the predicted 5'-untranslated regions (utr) of the uspa2 genes in several different m. catarrhalis strains were shown to contain various numbers (i.e., 6 to 23) of a heteropolymeric tetranucleotide (agat) repeat. deletion of the agat repeats from the uspa2 genes in the serum-resistant m. catarrhalis strains o35e and o12e resulted in a drastic reduction in uspa2 protein expression a ... | 2006 | 16963572 |
| mid and uspa1/a2 of the human respiratory pathogen moraxella catarrhalis, and interactions with the human host as basis for vaccine development. | moraxella catarrhalis igd-binding protein mid is a 200 kda autotransporter protein that exists as a oligomer and is governed at the transcriptional level. the majority of m. catarrhalis clinical isolates expresses mid. two functional domains have been attributed to mid; mid764-913 functions as an adhesin and promotes the bacteria to attach to epithelial cells, whereas the igd-binding domain is located within mid962-1200. in parallel, mid is stimulatory for b lymphocytes through the igd b cell re ... | 2006 | 16964325 |
| comparison of the serological responses to moraxella catarrhalis immunoglobulin d-binding outer membrane protein and the ubiquitous surface proteins a1 and a2. | moraxella catarrhalis immunoglobulin d-binding protein (mid) is a complex antigen with unique immunoglobulin d (igd)-binding, adhesion, and hemagglutination properties. previous studies have shown that antibodies raised against mid764-913 in rabbits inhibited m. catarrhalis adhesion to human alveolar epithelial cells, and immunization with mid764-913 resulted in an increased pulmonary clearance in a murine model. strong immune responses against mid have also consistently been shown in humans. he ... | 2006 | 16966403 |
| moraxella, down but not out--the eye bug that won't go away. | 2006 | 16980639 | |
| prospects for a vaccine against otitis media. | otitis media is a major cause of morbidity in 80% of all children less than 3 years of age and often goes undiagnosed in the general population. there is evidence to suggest that the incidence of otitis media is increasing. the major cause of otitis media is infection of the middle ear with microbes from the nasopharynx. the anatomical orientation of the eustachian tube, in association with a number of risk factors, predisposes infants and young children to the infection. bacteria are responsibl ... | 2006 | 16989632 |
| potential pathogens carried by spanish ibex (capra pyrenaica hispanica) in southern spain. | the spanish ibex (capra pyrenaica hispanica) population of southern spain was surveyed for potential pathogens associated with the conjunctiva, external ear canal, as well as reproductive and upper respiratory tracts. we sampled 321 ibex (131 adult males, 100 adult females, and 90 yearlings); these included 271 apparently healthy animals and 50 that were naturally infected with sarcoptes scabiei. a total of 688 bacterial isolates were identified (377 gram-negatives, 225 gram-positives, and 86 my ... | 2006 | 16870855 |
| polymorphism of the major surface epitope of the copb outer membrane protein of moraxella catarrhalis. | the copb outer membrane protein has been considered a vaccine candidate for the prevention of infections due to moraxella catarrhalis. monoclonal antibody 10f3 recognizes whole cells of about 70% of clinical isolates, suggesting that this epitope is reasonably conserved. to determine whether copb has other surface epitopes, we analyzed m. catarrhalis isolates using polyclonal sera against recombinant copb proteins from a 10f3 positive isolate and a 10f3 negative isolate, and polyclonal sera agai ... | 2006 | 16872370 |
| [a comparative study of the thermal stability of formate dehydrogenases from microorganisms and plants]. | a comparative study of the thermostability of nad+-dependent formate dehydrogenases (fdhs; ec 1.2.1.2) from both methylotrophic bacteria pseudomonas sp. 101 and moraxella sp. cl, the methane-utilizing yeast candida boidinii, and plants arabidopsis thaliana and glycine max (soybean) was performed. all the enzymes studied were produced by expression in e. coli cells. the enzymes were irreversibly inactivated in one stage according to first-order reaction kinetics. the fdh from pseudomonas sp. 101 ... | 2006 | 16878540 |
| filamentous-haemagglutinin-like protein genes encoded on a plasmid of moraxella bovis. | the complete nucleotide sequence of a plasmid, pmbo-1, from moraxella bovis strain epp63 was determined. we identified 30 open reading frames (orfs) encoded by the 44,215bp molecule. two large orfs, flpa and flpb, encoding proteins with similarity to bordetella pertussis filamentous haemagglutinin (fha), were identified on the same plasmid. the gene for a specific accessory protein (fap), which may play a role in the secretion of flp protein, was also identified. reverse transcriptase pcr analys ... | 2006 | 16879933 |
| pneumonia and pleural effusion due to cryptococcus laurentii in a clinically proven case of aids. | non-neoformans cryptococci were previously considered to be saprophytes and nonpathogenic to humans. cryptococcus laurentii is frequently used as a biological means to control fruit rot. interestingly, c laurentii has recently been reported to be a rare cause of infection in humans. the authors report a case of pulmonary cryptococcosis caused by c laurentii in a diabetic aids patient who was on antituberculosis and antiretroviral treatments. the sputum smear revealed capsulated yeast cells that ... | 2006 | 16896431 |
| the igd ch1 region contains the binding site for the human respiratory pathogen moraxella catarrhalis igd-binding protein mid. | the moraxella catarrhalis igd-binding protein (mid) has a unique specificity for human igd, and the sequence with maximal igd binding is located within the amino acids mid962-1200. in the present paper, we examined the mid binding site on igd using a series of recombinant ig. full-length igd, igd f(ab')2, and an igd f(ab') c290r mutant lacking the inter-heavy-chain cysteine 290 were manufactured. furthermore, a series of igd/igg chimeras were constructed. elisa, dot blot and flow cytometry were ... | 2006 | 16906531 |
| unveiling electrotransformation of moraxella catarrhalis as a process of natural transformation. | the human respiratory tract pathogen moraxella catarrhalis is a naturally competent microorganism. however, electrotransformation has long been used to introduce foreign dna into this organism. this study demonstrated that electrotransformants obtained with linear or circular nonreplicating plasmid dna originated exclusively from natural transformation processes taking place during the recovery phase after the application of current. only replicating plasmid dna could be introduced into m. catar ... | 2006 | 16907741 |
| efficacy of tulathromycin for treatment of cattle with acute ocular moraxella bovis infections. | to evaluate the clinical efficacy of a single injection of tulathromycin, compared with saline (0.9% nacl) solution-treated control calves, for treatment of induced infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis in calves. | 2006 | 16910856 |
| comparison of in vitro activities of tigecycline with other antimicrobial agents against streptococcus pneumoniae, haemophilus influenzae, and moraxella catarrhalis in taiwan. | we compared the in vitro activities of tigecycline to those of other agents against 300 nonduplicate isolates of streptococcus pneumoniae (194 isolates), haemophilus influenzae (60 isolates), and moraxella catarrhalis (46 isolates) recovered from patients treated in three major hospitals in taiwan from august through december, 2003. all of these isolates were inhibited at 0.5 mg/l of tigecycline. for s. pneumoniae isolates, 72% were not susceptible to penicillin (69% intermediate and 3% resistan ... | 2006 | 16922631 |
| moraxella keratitis: predisposing factors and clinical review of 95 cases. | to analyse the clinical presentation, identify predisposing risk factors and evaluate the outcome of treatment of moraxella keratitis. | 2006 | 16825274 |
| antibacterial activity of tosufloxacin against major organisms detected from patients with respiratory or otorhinological infections: comparison with the results obtained from organisms isolated about 10 years ago. | the minimum inhibitory concentrations (mics) of tosufloxacin and other fluoroquinolone antimicrobials for streptococcus pneumoniae, haemophilus influenzae, and moraxella (branhamella) catarrhalis, isolated, between january 2003 and july 2004, from patients suspected of having respiratory or otorhinological infections were determined. the results were compared with those for these organisms isolated in 1994, plus some h. influenzae strains isolated in 1998. tosufloxacin was the most potent of all ... | 2006 | 16826349 |
| direct detection of bacterial biofilms on the middle-ear mucosa of children with chronic otitis media. | chronic otitis media (om) is a common pediatric infectious disease. previous studies demonstrating that metabolically active bacteria exist in culture-negative pediatric middle-ear effusions and that experimental infection with haemophilus influenzae in the chinchilla model of otitis media results in the formation of adherent mucosal biofilms suggest that chronic om may result from a mucosal biofilm infection. | 2006 | 16835426 |
| [blood and respiratory diffusion of antibiotics. a critical analysis of predictive parameters for clinical effectiveness]. | the implementation of a treatment for lower respiratory tract infections must integrate a pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (pk-pd) approach of antibiotic dosing. the activity of beta-lactam antibiotics is best predicted by the duration of time during which serum concentrations exceed the mic (t>mic). t>mic of 30-40% is sufficient to achieve clinical cure in immunocompetent patients. this threshold is achieved with amoxicillin for penicillin susceptible or resistant sreptococcus pneumoniae and wit ... | 2006 | 16837154 |
| [antibiotics for acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd)]. | this study had for aim to evaluate the rationale and indications for antibiotic treatment in acute exacerbations of copd and to identify potential differences among various antibiotics available for the treatment of exacerbations in france. | 2006 | 16839731 |