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molecular and spectroscopic characterization of aspergillus flavipes and pseudomonas putida l-methionine γ-lyase in vitro.pseudomonas putida l-methionine γ-lyase (ppmgl) has been recognized as an efficient anticancer agent, however, its antigenicity and stability remain as critical challenges for its clinical use. from our studies, aspergillus flavipes l-methionine γ-lyase (afmgl) displayed more affordable biochemical properties than ppmgl. thus, the objective of this work was to comparatively assess the functional properties of afmgl and ppmgl via stability of their internal aldimine linkage, tautomerism of pyrido ...201627796875
rice-field drowning-associated pneumonia in which pseudomonas spp., aspergillus fumigatus, and cunninghamella sp. are isolated.we herein report the case of an 84-year-old who developed pneumonia after drowning in a rice field. besides aspergillus fumigatus, many pathogens previously not reported in drowning-associated pneumonia (such as pseudomonas fluorescens, pseudomonas putida, nocardia niigatensis, and cunninghamella sp.) were isolated from his sputum. he received sulbactam/ampicillin, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, voriconazole, levofloxacin and liposomal amphotericin b, but died due to respiratory failure. because ...201627041173
silver nanoparticles formation by extracellular polymeric substances (eps) from electroactive bacteria.microbial extracellular polymeric substances (eps) excreted from microorganisms were a complex natural biological polymer mixture of proteins and polysaccharides, which played an important roles in the transport of metals, such as ag(+). electroactive bacteria, is an important class of environmental microorganisms, which can use iron or manganese mineral as terminal electron acceptors to generate energy for biosynthesis and cell maintenance. in this work, the eps extracted of three electroactive ...201626797954
[microbial composition of various surfaces of skin during develop- ment of atopic dermatitis based on data from maldi-tof mass-spectrometry identification method].study transformation of skin microflora during development of atopic dermatitis.201627228668
prevalence and antimicrobial resistance pattern of bacterial strains isolated from patients with urinary tract infection in messalata central hospital, libya.to investigate the prevalence of urinary tract infection among patients at messalata central hospital, libya, to identify the causative bacteria, and to explore their resistance pattern to antimicrobials.201627569886
application of cinder gel-beads/reeds combination strategy for bioremediation of pyrene- and indeno(1,2,3-cd)pyrene-contaminated estuarine wetlands.pseudomonas putida pyr1 and acinetobacter baumannii inp1 isolated from liaohe estuarine wetlands were entrapped in cinder beads to make cinder gel-beads. they were combined with reeds for bioremediation of pyrene- and indeno(1,2,3-cd)pyrene-contaminated estuarine wetlands. the results showed that the removal percentages of pyrene and indeno(1,2,3-cd)pyrene (69.2 and 89.8 % respectively) in 40 days using cinder gel-beads/reeds were obviously higher than those using cinder gel-beads(52.6 and 70.0  ...201626897584
regio- and stereoselective aliphatic-aromatic cross-benzoin reaction: enzymatic divergent catalysis.the catalytic asymmetric synthesis of chiral 2-hydroxy ketones by using different thiamine diphosphate dependent enzymes, namely benzaldehyde lyase from pseudomonas fluorescens (pfbal), a variant of benzoylformate decarboxylase from pseudomonas putida (ppbfd-l461a), branched-chain 2-keto acid decarboxylase from lactococcus lactis (llkdca) and a variant of pyruvate decarboxylase from acetobacter pasteurianus (appdc-e469g), was studied. starting with the same set of substrates, substituted benzald ...201627515897
iron uptake analysis in a set of clinical isolates of pseudomonas putida.pseudomonas putida strains are frequent inhabitants of soil and aquatic niches and they are occasionally isolated from hospital environments. as the available iron sources in human tissues, edaphic, and aquatic niches are different, we have analyzed iron-uptake related genes in different p. putida strains that were isolated from all these environments. we found that these isolates can be grouped into different clades according to the genetics of siderophore biosynthesis and recycling. the pyover ...201628082966
structural insights on pha binding protein phap from aeromonas hydrophila.phasins or phaps are a group of amphiphilic proteins that are found attached to the surface of microbial polyhydroxyalkanoate (pha) granules. they have both structural and regulatory functions and can affect intracellular pha accumulation and mediate protein folding. the molecular basis for the diverse functions of the phaps has not been fully understood due to the lack of the structural knowledge. here we report the structural and biochemical studies of the phap cloned from aeromonas hydrophila ...201628009010
inactivation of salmonella spp. and listeria spp. by palmitic, stearic, and oleic acid sophorolipids and thiamine dilauryl sulfate.food contaminated with human pathogens, such as salmonella spp. and listeria monocytogenes, frequently causes outbreaks of foodborne illness. consumer concern over the use of synthesized antimicrobials to enhance microbial food safety has led to a search of natural alternatives. the objectives of this study were to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of various types of sophorolipids (sls) and thiamine dilauryl sulfate (tds) against pathogenic salmonella spp. and listeria spp. both free and lact ...201628066390
first chemo-enzymatic synthesis of the (r)-taniguchi lactone and substrate profiles of camo and otemo, two new baeyer-villiger monooxygenases.this study investigates the substrate profile of cycloalkanone monooxygenase and 2-oxo-δ(3)-4,5,5-trimethylcyclopentenylacetyl-coenzyme a monooxygenase, two recently discovered enzymes of the baeyer-villiger monooxygenase family, used as whole-cell biocatalysts. biooxidations of a diverse set of ketones were performed on analytical scale: desymmetrization of substituted prochiral cyclobutanones and cyclohexanones, regiodivergent oxidation of terpenones and bicyclic ketones, as well as kinetic re ...201628127101
first chemo-enzymatic synthesis of the (r)-taniguchi lactone and substrate profiles of camo and otemo, two new baeyer-villiger monooxygenases.this study investigates the substrate profile of cycloalkanone monooxygenase and 2-oxo-δ(3)-4,5,5-trimethylcyclopentenylacetyl-coenzyme a monooxygenase, two recently discovered enzymes of the baeyer-villiger monooxygenase family, used as whole-cell biocatalysts. biooxidations of a diverse set of ketones were performed on analytical scale: desymmetrization of substituted prochiral cyclobutanones and cyclohexanones, regiodivergent oxidation of terpenones and bicyclic ketones, as well as kinetic re ...201628127101
the detoxification and degradation of benzothiazole from the wastewater in microbial electrolysis cells.in this study, the high-production-volume chemical benzothiazole (bth) from synthetic water was fully degraded into less toxic intermediates of simple organic acids using an up-flow internal circulation microbial electrolysis reactor (uicmer) under the hydraulic retention time (hrt) of 24 h. the bioelectrochemical system was operated at 25 ± 2 °c and continuous-flow mode. the bth loading rate varied during experiments from 20 g·m(-3)·day(-1) to 110 g·m(-3)·day(-1). bth and soluble cod (chemical ...201627999421
advances and challenges in logical modeling of cell cycle regulation: perspective for multi-scale, integrative yeast cell models.the eukaryotic cell cycle is robustly designed, with interacting molecules organized within a definite topology that ensures temporal precision of its phase transitions. its underlying dynamics are regulated by molecular switches, for which remarkable insights have been provided by genetic and molecular biology efforts. in a number of cases, this information has been made predictive, through computational models. these models have allowed for the identification of novel molecular mechanisms, lat ...201627993914
advances and challenges in logical modeling of cell cycle regulation: perspective for multi-scale, integrative yeast cell models.the eukaryotic cell cycle is robustly designed, with interacting molecules organized within a definite topology that ensures temporal precision of its phase transitions. its underlying dynamics are regulated by molecular switches, for which remarkable insights have been provided by genetic and molecular biology efforts. in a number of cases, this information has been made predictive, through computational models. these models have allowed for the identification of novel molecular mechanisms, lat ...201627993914
redox properties of extracellular polymeric substances (eps) from electroactive bacteria.although the capacity for electroactive bacteria to convert environmental metallic minerals and organic pollutants is well known, the role of the redox properties of microbial extracellular polymeric substances (eps) in this process is poorly understood. in this work, the redox properties of eps from two widely present electroactive bacterial strains (shewanella oneidensis and pseudomonas putida) were explored. electrochemical analysis demonstrates that the eps extracted from the two strains exh ...201627991531
genes encoding norcoclaurine synthase occur as tandem fusions in the papaveraceae.norcoclaurine synthase (ncs) catalyzes the enantioselective pictet-spengler condensation of dopamine and 4-hydroxyphenylacetaldehyde as the first step in benzylisoquinoline alkaloid (bia) biosynthesis. ncs orthologs in available transcriptome databases were screened for variants that might improve the low yield of bias in engineered microorganisms. databases for 21 bia-producing species from four plant families yielded 33 assembled contigs with homology to characterized ncs genes. predicted tran ...201627991536
copy number variability of expression plasmids determined by cell sorting and droplet digital pcr.plasmids are widely used for molecular cloning or production of proteins in laboratory and industrial settings. constant modification has brought forth countless plasmid vectors whose characteristics in terms of average plasmid copy number (pcn) and stability are rarely known. the crucial factor determining the pcn is the replication system; most replication systems in use today belong to a small number of different classes and are available through repositories like the standard european vector ...201627993152
inoculation of soil with plant growth promoting bacteria producing 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase or expression of the corresponding acds gene in transgenic plants increases salinity tolerance in camelina sativa.camelina sativa (camelina) is an oilseed crop touted for use on marginal lands; however, it is no more tolerant of soil salinity than traditional crops, such as canola. plant growth-promoting bacteria (pgpb) that produce 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase (acc deaminase) facilitate plant growth in the presence of abiotic stresses by reducing stress ethylene. rhizospheric and endophytic pgpb and the corresponding acds- mutants of the latter were examined for their ability to enhance tole ...201628018305
arsenic resistance strategy in pantoea sp. imh: organization, function and evolution of ars genes.pantoea sp. imh is the only bacterium found in genus pantoea with a high as resistance capacity, but its molecular mechanism is unknown. herein, the organization, function, and evolution of ars genes in imh are studied starting with analysis of the whole genome. two ars systems - ars1 (arsr1b1c1h1) and ars2 (arsr2b2c2h2) - with low sequence homology and two arsc-like genes, were found in the imh genome. both ars1 and ars2 are involved in the as resistance, where ars1 is the major contributor at ...201627966630
high titer heterologous rhamnolipid production.heterologous mono-rhamnolipid production by pseudomonas putida kt2440 psynpro8ot_rhlab using glucose as the single carbon source was characterized in fed-batch bioreactor cultivations. for the described experiments, a defined mineral salt medium was used, and a two phase glucose feeding profile was applied, which yielded a final rhamnolipid concentration of 14.9 g/l. applying the feeding profile, glucose stayed almost constant until 28 h of cultivation and decreased afterwards to limiting levels ...201627957724
systemic responses of barley to the 3-hydroxy-decanoyl-homoserine lactone producing plant beneficial endophyte acidovorax radicis n35.quorum sensing auto-inducers of the n-acyl homoserine lactone (ahl) type produced by gram-negative bacteria have different effects on plants including stimulation on root growth and/or priming or acquirement of systemic resistance in plants. in this communication the influence of ahl production of the plant growth promoting endophytic rhizosphere bacterium acidovorax radicis n35 on barley seedlings was investigated. a. radicis n35 produces 3-hydroxy-c10-homoserine lactone (3-oh-c10-hsl) as the m ...201628018401
identification of electrode respiring, hydrocarbonoclastic bacterial strain stenotrophomonas maltophilia mk2 highlights the untapped potential for environmental bioremediation.electrode respiring bacteria (erb) possess a great potential for many biotechnological applications such as microbial electrochemical remediation systems (mers) because of their exoelectrogenic capabilities to degrade xenobiotic pollutants. very few erb have been isolated from mers, those exhibited a bioremediation potential toward organic contaminants. here we report once such bacterial strain, stenotrophomonas maltophilia mk2, a facultative anaerobic bacterium isolated from a hydrocarbon fed m ...201628018304
functional characterization of aconitase x as a cis-3-hydroxy-l-proline dehydratase.in the aconitase superfamily, which includes the archetypical aconitase, homoaconitase, and isopropylmalate isomerase, only aconitase x is not functionally annotated. the corresponding gene (lhpi) was often located within the bacterial gene cluster involved in l-hydroxyproline metabolism. screening of a library of (hydroxy)proline analogues revealed that this protein catalyzes the dehydration of cis-3-hydroxy-l-proline to δ(1)-pyrroline-2-carboxylate. furthermore, electron paramagnetic resonance ...201627929065
insights into functional and evolutionary analysis of carbaryl metabolic pathway from pseudomonas sp. strain c5pp.carbaryl (1-naphthyl n-methylcarbamate) is a most widely used carbamate pesticide in the agriculture field. soil isolate, pseudomonas sp. strain c5pp mineralizes carbaryl via 1-naphthol, salicylate and gentisate, however the genetic organization and evolutionary events of acquisition and assembly of pathway have not yet been studied. the draft genome analysis of strain c5pp reveals that the carbaryl catabolic genes are organized into three putative operons, 'upper', 'middle' and 'lower'. the seq ...201627924916
a metabolic widget adjusts the phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent fructose influx in pseudomonas putida.fructose uptake in the soil bacterium pseudomonas putida occurs through a canonical phosphoenolpyruvate (pep)-dependent sugar transport system (pts(fru)). the logic of the genetic circuit that rules its functioning is puzzling: the transcription of the frubka operon, encoding all the components of pts(fru), can escape the repression exerted by the catabolite repressor/activator protein cra solely in the presence of intracellular fructose-1-p, an agonist formed only when fructose has been already ...201627933319
properties of alternative microbial hosts used in synthetic biology: towards the design of a modular chassis.the chassis is the cellular host used as a recipient of engineered biological systems in synthetic biology. they are required to propagate the genetic information and to express the genes encoded in it. despite being an essential element for the appropriate function of genetic circuits, the chassis is rarely considered in their design phase. consequently, the circuits are transferred to model organisms commonly used in the laboratory, such as escherichia coli, that may be suboptimal for a requir ...201627903818
synthesis and functions of jasmonates in maize.of the over 600 oxylipins present in all plants, the phytohormone jasmonic acid (ja) remains the best understood in terms of its biosynthesis, function and signaling. much like their eicosanoid analogues in mammalian system, evidence is growing for the role of the other oxylipins in diverse physiological processes. ja serves as the model plant oxylipin species and regulates defense and development. for several decades, the biology of ja has been characterized in a few dicot species, yet the func ...201627916835
microscope in 2017: an expanding and evolving integrated resource for community expertise of microbial genomes.the annotation of genomes from ngs platforms needs to be automated and fully integrated. however, maintaining consistency and accuracy in genome annotation is a challenging problem because millions of protein database entries are not assigned reliable functions. this shortcoming limits the knowledge that can be extracted from genomes and metabolic models. launched in 2005, the microscope platform (http://www.genoscope.cns.fr/agc/microscope) is an integrative resource that supports systematic and ...201627899624
microscope in 2017: an expanding and evolving integrated resource for community expertise of microbial genomes.the annotation of genomes from ngs platforms needs to be automated and fully integrated. however, maintaining consistency and accuracy in genome annotation is a challenging problem because millions of protein database entries are not assigned reliable functions. this shortcoming limits the knowledge that can be extracted from genomes and metabolic models. launched in 2005, the microscope platform (http://www.genoscope.cns.fr/agc/microscope) is an integrative resource that supports systematic and ...201627899624
salicylic acid is involved in the basal resistance of tomato plants to citrus exocortis viroid and tomato spotted wilt virus.tomato plants expressing the nahg transgene, which prevents accumulation of endogenous salicylic acid (sa), were used to study the importance of the sa signalling pathway in basal defence against citrus exocortis viroid (cevd) or tomato spotted wilt virus (tswv). the lack of sa accumulation in the cevd- or tswv-infected nahg tomato plants led to an early and dramatic disease phenotype, as compared to that observed in the corresponding parental money maker. addition of acibenzolar-s-methyl, a ben ...201627893781
metabolic engineering of pseudomonas putida kt2440 for the production of para-hydroxy benzoic acid.para-hydroxy benzoic acid (phba) is the key component for preparing parabens, a common preservatives in food, drugs, and personal care products, as well as high-performance bioplastics such as liquid crystal polymers. pseudomonas putida kt2440 was engineered to produce phba from glucose via the shikimate pathway intermediate chorismate. to obtain the phba production strain, chorismate lyase ubic from escherichia coli and a feedback resistant 3-deoxy-d-arabino-heptulosonate-7-phosphate synthase e ...201627965953
multiple and variable nhej-like genes are involved in resistance to dna damage in streptomyces ambofaciens.non-homologous end-joining (nhej) is a double strand break (dsb) repair pathway which does not require any homologous template and can ligate two dna ends together. the basic bacterial nhej machinery involves two partners: the ku protein, a dna end binding protein for dsb recognition and the multifunctional ligd protein composed a ligase, a nuclease and a polymerase domain, for end processing and ligation of the broken ends. in silico analyses performed in the 38 sequenced genomes of streptomyce ...201627965636
initiation of chromosomal replication in predatory bacterium bdellovibrio bacteriovorus.bdellovibrio bacteriovorus is a small gram-negative predatory bacterium that attacks other gram-negative bacteria, including many animal, human, and plant pathogens. this bacterium exhibits a peculiar biphasic life cycle during which two different types of cells are produced: non-replicating highly motile cells (the free-living phase) and replicating cells (the intracellular-growth phase). the process of chromosomal replication in b. bacteriovorus must therefore be temporally and spatially regul ...201627965633
whole-genome sequences of two manganese(ii)-oxidizing bacteria, bosea sp. strain biwako-01 and alphaproteobacterium strain u9-1i.this report describes the whole-genome sequences of two mn(ii)-oxidizing bacteria, filamentous mn oxide microparticle-forming bosea sp. strain biwako-01 and alphaproteobacterium strain u9-1i.201627881541
enhancing poly(3-hydroxyalkanoate) production in escherichia coli by the removal of the regulatory gene arca.recombinant escherichia coli is a desirable platform for the production of many biological compounds including poly(3-hydroxyalkanoates), a class of naturally occurring biodegradable polyesters with promising biomedical and material applications. although the controlled production of desirable polymers is possible with the utilization of fatty acid feedstocks, a central challenge to this biosynthetic route is the improvement of the relatively low polymer yield, a necessary factor of decreasing t ...201627878786
draft genome sequence of pseudomonas mosselii gil3, isolated from catfish and antagonistic against hypervirulent aeromonas hydrophila.pseudomonas mosselii gil3 was isolated from a catfish that survived from lethal challenge with hypervirulent aeromonas hydrophila (vah). when assayed in vitro, the bacterium showed antagonism against vah. sequence analysis revealed that the genome of p. mosselii gil3 encodes numerous aromatic metabolism pathways and proteins for biosynthesis of antimicrobial compounds.201627856595
two-step production of phenylpyruvic acid from l-phenylalanine by growing and resting cells of engineered escherichia coli: process optimization and kinetics modeling.phenylpyruvic acid (ppa) is widely used in the pharmaceutical, food, and chemical industries. here, a two-step bioconversion process, involving growing and resting cells, was established to produce ppa from l-phenylalanine using the engineered escherichia coli constructed previously. first, the biotransformation conditions for growing cells were optimized (l-phenylalanine concentration 20.0 g·l-1, temperature 35°c) and a two-stage temperature control strategy (keep 20°c for 12 h and increase the ...201627851793
mutation of the streptococcus gordonii thiol-disulfide oxidoreductase sdba leads to enhanced biofilm formation mediated by the ciarh two-component signaling system.streptococcus gordonii is a commensal inhabitant of human oral biofilms. previously, we identified an enzyme called sdba that played an important role in biofilm formation by s. gordonii. sdba is thiol-disulfide oxidoreductase that catalyzes disulfide bonds in secreted proteins. surprisingly, inactivation of sdba results in enhanced biofilm formation. in this study we investigated the basis for biofilm formation by the δsdba mutant. the results revealed that biofilm formation was mediated by the ...201627846284
adaptive evolution of phosphorus metabolism in prochlorococcus.inorganic phosphorus is scarce in the eastern mediterranean sea, where the high-light-adapted ecotype hli of the marine picocyanobacterium prochlorococcus marinus thrives. physiological and regulatory control of phosphorus acquisition and partitioning has been observed in hli both in culture and in the field; however, the optimization of phosphorus metabolism and associated gains for its phosphorus-limited-growth (plg) phenotype have not been studied. here, we reconstructed a genome-scale metabo ...201627868089
novel culturing techniques select for heterotrophs and hydrocarbon degraders in a subantarctic soil.the soil substrate membrane system (ssms) is a novel micro-culturing technique targeted at terrestrial soil systems. we applied the ssms to pristine and diesel fuel spiked polar soils, along with traditional solid media culturing and culture independent 454 tag pyrosequencing to elucidate the effects of diesel fuel on the soil community. the ssms enriched for up to 76% of the total soil diversity within high diesel fuel concentration soils, in contrast to only 26% of the total diversity for the ...201627827405
draft genome sequence of a multi-metal resistant bacterium pseudomonas putida ath-43 isolated from greenwich island, antarctica. 201627877169
bacterial genome engineering and synthetic biology: combating pathogens.the emergence and prevalence of multidrug resistant (mdr) pathogenic bacteria poses a serious threat to human and animal health globally. nosocomial infections and common ailments such as pneumonia, wound, urinary tract, and bloodstream infections are becoming more challenging to treat due to the rapid spread of mdr pathogenic bacteria. according to recent reports by the world health organization (who) and centers for disease control and prevention (cdc), there is an unprecedented increase in th ...201627814687
lapf and its regulation by fis affect the cell surface hydrophobicity of pseudomonas putida.the ability of bacteria to regulate cell surface hydrophobicity is important for the adaptation to different environmental conditions. the hydrophobicity of cell surface can be determined by several factors, including outer membrane and surface proteins. in this study, we report that an adhesin lapf influences cell surface hydrophobicity of pseudomonas putida. cells lacking lapf are less hydrophobic than wild-type cells in stationary growth phase. moreover, the overexpression of the global regul ...201627812186
partial least squares with structured output for modelling the metabolomics data obtained from complex experimental designs: a study into the y-block coding.partial least squares (pls) is one of the most commonly used supervised modelling approaches for analysing multivariate metabolomics data. pls is typically employed as either a regression model (pls-r) or a classification model (pls-da). however, in metabolomics studies it is common to investigate multiple, potentially interacting, factors simultaneously following a specific experimental design. such data often cannot be considered as a "pure" regression or a classification problem. nevertheless ...201627801817
the bacterial enhancer-dependent rna polymerase.transcription initiation is highly regulated in bacterial cells, allowing adaptive gene regulation in response to environment cues. one class of promoter specificity factor called sigma54 enables such adaptive gene expression through its ability to lock the rna polymerase down into a state unable to melt out promoter dna for transcription initiation. promoter dna opening then occurs through the action of specialized transcription control proteins called bacterial enhancer-binding proteins (bebps ...201627789741
heavy metal pollution from gold mines: environmental effects and bacterial strategies for resistance.mining activities can lead to the generation of large quantities of heavy metal laden wastes which are released in an uncontrolled manner, causing widespread contamination of the ecosystem. though some heavy metals classified as essential are important for normal life physiological processes, higher concentrations above stipulated levels have deleterious effects on human health and biota. bacteria able to withstand high concentrations of these heavy metals are found in the environment as a resul ...201627792205
coconut lethal yellowing diseases: a phytoplasma threat to palms of global economic and social significance.the recent discovery of bogia coconut syndrome in papua new guinea (png) is the first report of a lethal yellowing disease (lyd) in oceania. numerous outbreaks of lyds of coconut have been recorded in the caribbean and africa since the late nineteenth century and have caused the death of millions of palms across several continents during the twentieth century. despite the severity of economic losses, it was only in the 1970s that the causes of lyds were identified as phytoplasmas, a group of ins ...201627833616
synergistic nisin-polymyxin combinations for the control of pseudomonas biofilm formation.the emergence and dissemination of multi-drug resistant pathogens is a global concern. moreover, even greater levels of resistance are conferred on bacteria when in the form of biofilms (i.e., complex, sessile communities of bacteria embedded in an organic polymer matrix). for decades, antimicrobial peptides have been hailed as a potential solution to the paucity of novel antibiotics, either as natural inhibitors that can be used alone or in formulations with synergistically acting antibiotics. ...201627833601
depth and well type related to groundwater microbiological contamination.use of groundwater from private wells in households has increased considerably, owing to a better cost/benefit ratio than that of water provided by local utilities for a fee. however, this water is usually untreated, which makes it a vehicle for diseases. thus, monitoring this water is necessary to ensure its integrity and quality. we aimed to evaluate the physical, chemical, and microbiological parameters of untreated groundwater drawn from different types of wells, and the antimicrobial suscep ...201627775681
draft genome sequence of a pseudomonas sp. strain carrying blaimp-25 and blavim-2 carbapenemase genes from hospital sewage.pseudomonas strain wchp16 recovered from hospital sewage in west china hospital, chengdu, china was found to carry two carbapenemase genes blaimp-25 and blavim-2 here, we report its 5.7-mb draft genome sequence, comprising 141 contigs and an average 59.53% g+c content. the genome contained 5,504 coding sequences and 67 trna genes.201627795238
label-free, rapid and quantitative phenotyping of stress response in e. coli via ramanome.rapid profiling of stress-response at single-cell resolution yet in a label-free, non-disruptive and mechanism-specific manner can lead to many new applications. we propose a single-cell-level biochemical fingerprinting approach named "ramanome", which is the collection of single-cell raman spectra (scrs) from a number of cells randomly selected from an isogenic population at a given time and condition, to rapidly and quantitatively detect and characterize stress responses of cellular population ...201627756907
flhf is required for swarming motility and full pathogenicity of bacillus cereus.besides sporulation, bacillus cereus can undergo a differentiation process in which short swimmer cells become elongated and hyperflagellated swarmer cells that favor migration of the bacterial community on a surface. the functionally enigmatic flagellar protein flhf, which is the third paralog of the signal recognition particle (srp) gtpases ffh and ftsy, is required for swarming in many bacteria. previous data showed that flhf is involved in the control of the number and positioning of flagell ...201627807433
exported epoxide hydrolases modulate erythrocyte vasoactive lipids during plasmodium falciparum infection.erythrocytes are reservoirs of important epoxide-containing lipid signaling molecules, including epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (eets). eets function as vasodilators and anti-inflammatory modulators in the bloodstream. bioactive eets are hydrolyzed to less active diols (dihydroxyeicosatrienoic acids) by epoxide hydrolases (ehs). the malaria parasite plasmodium falciparum infects host red blood cells (rbcs) and exports hundreds of proteins into the rbc compartment. in this study, we show that two para ...201627795395
an apple fruit fermentation (aff) treatment improves the composition of the rhizosphere microbial community and growth of strawberry (fragaria × ananassa duch 'benihoppe') seedlings.plant growth can be promoted by the application of apple fruit fermentation (aff), despite unclear of the underlying mechanisms, the effects involved in aff on rhizosphere microorganisms have been hypothesized. we investigated the consequences of applying aff alone or in combination with bacillus licheniformis to strawberry tissue culture seedlings in vitro, the analyses of denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (dgge) and 16s rdna were performed to determine aff effects on rhizosphere. moreove ...201627755580
determination of functional collective motions in a protein at atomic resolution using coherent neutron scattering.protein function often depends on global, collective internal motions. however, the simultaneous quantitative experimental determination of the forms, amplitudes, and time scales of these motions has remained elusive. we demonstrate that a complete description of these large-scale dynamic modes can be obtained using coherent neutron-scattering experiments on perdeuterated samples. with this approach, a microscopic relationship between the structure, dynamics, and function in a protein, cytochrom ...201627757419
investigation into the mode of phosphate activation in the 4-hydroxy-4-methyl-2-oxoglutarate/4-carboxy-4-hydroxy-2-oxoadipate aldolase from pseudomonas putida f1.the 4-hydroxy-4-methyl-2-oxoglutarate (hmg)/4-carboxy-4-hydroxy-2-oxoadipate (cha) aldolase is the last enzyme of both the gallate and protocatechuate 4,5-cleavage pathways which links aromatic catabolism to central cellular metabolism. the enzyme is a class ii, divalent metal dependent, aldolase which is activated in the presence of inorganic phosphate (pi), increasing its turnover rate >10-fold. this phosphate activation is unique for a class ii aldolase. the aldolase pyruvate methyl proton ex ...201627741265
flavin-dependent redox transfers by the two-component diketocamphane monooxygenases of camphor-grown pseudomonas putida ncimb 10007.the progressive titres of key monooxygenases and their requisite native donors of reducing power were used to assess the relative contribution of various camphor plasmid (cam plasmid)- and chromosome-coded activities to biodegradation of (rac)-camphor at successive stages throughout growth of pseudomonas putida ncimb 10007 on the bicylic monoterpenoid. a number of different flavin reductases (frs) have the potential to supply reduced flavin mononucleotide to both 2,5- and 3,6-diketocamphane mono ...201627754389
draft genome sequence of the marine rhodobacteraceae strain o3.65, cultivated from oil-polluted seawater of the deepwater horizon oil spill.the marine alphaproteobacterium strain o3.65 was isolated from an enrichment culture of surface seawater contaminated with weathered oil (slicks) from the deepwater horizon (dwh) oil spill and belongs to the ubiquitous, diverse and ecological relevant roseobacter group within the rhodobacteraceae. here, we present a preliminary set of physiological features of strain o3.65 and a description and annotation of its draft genome sequence. based on our data we suggest potential ecological roles of th ...201627777651
cpxr activates mexab-oprm efflux pump expression and enhances antibiotic resistance in both laboratory and clinical nalb-type isolates of pseudomonas aeruginosa.resistance-nodulation-division (rnd) efflux pumps are responsible for multidrug resistance in pseudomonas aeruginosa. in this study, we demonstrate that cpxr, previously identified as a regulator of the cell envelope stress response in escherichia coli, is directly involved in activation of expression of rnd efflux pump mexab-oprm in p. aeruginosa. a conserved cpxr binding site was identified upstream of the mexa promoter in all genome-sequenced p. aeruginosa strains. cpxr is required to enhance ...201627736975
inhibition of xanthomonas fragariae, causative agent of angular leaf spot of strawberry, through iron deprivation.in commercial production settings, few options exist to prevent or treat angular leaf spot (als) of strawberry, a disease of economic importance and caused by the bacterial pathogen xanthomonas fragariae. in the process of isolating and identifying x. fragariae bacteria from symptomatic plants, we observed growth inhibition of x. fragariae by bacterial isolates from the same leaf macerates. identified as species of pseudomonas and rhizobium, these isolates were confirmed to suppress growth of x. ...201627790193
comprehensive genomic and phenotypic metal resistance profile of pseudomonas putida strain s13.1.2 isolated from a vineyard soil.trace metals are required in many cellular processes in bacteria but also induce toxic effects to cells when present in excess. as such, various forms of adaptive responses towards extracellular trace metal ions are essential for the survival and fitness of bacteria in their environment. a soil pseudomonas putida, strain s13.1.2 has been isolated from french vineyard soil samples, and shown to confer resistance to copper ions. further investigation revealed a high capacity to tolerate elevated c ...201627730570
molecular detection of acanthamoeba spp., naegleria fowleri and vermamoeba (hartmannella) vermiformis as vectors for legionella spp. in untreated and solar pasteurized harvested rainwater.legionella spp. employ multiple strategies to adapt to stressful environments including the proliferation in protective biofilms and the ability to form associations with free-living amoeba (fla). the aim of the current study was to identify legionella spp., acanthamoeba spp., vermamoeba (hartmannella) vermiformis and naegleria fowleri that persist in a harvested rainwater and solar pasteurization treatment system.201627724947
highly efficient and stable novel nanobiohybrid catalyst to avert 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid pollutant in water.the present study reported for the first time covalent immobilization of protocatechuate 3,4-dioxygenase (3,4-pod) onto functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (f-mwcnt) for degrading the toxic 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid (3,4-dhba) pollutant in water. the f-mwcnts had a maximum 3,4-pod loading of 1060 μg/mg. immobilized 3,4 pod had 44% of relative structural changes to its free configurations. nevertheless, >90% of relative activity and about 50% of catalytic efficiency were retained to the ...201627721429
metabolic engineering of corynebacterium glutamicum for enhanced production of 5-aminovaleric acid.5-aminovaleric acid (5ava) is an important five-carbon platform chemical that can be used for the synthesis of polymers and other chemicals of industrial interest. enzymatic conversion of l-lysine to 5ava has been achieved by employing lysine 2-monooxygenase encoded by the davb gene and 5-aminovaleramidase encoded by the dava gene. additionally, a recombinant escherichia coli strain expressing the davb and dava genes has been developed for bioconversion of l-lysine to 5ava. to use glucose and xy ...201627717386
flagellin flic phosphorylation affects type 2 protease secretion and biofilm dispersal in pseudomonas aeruginosa pao1.protein phosphorylation has a major role in controlling the life-cycle and infection stages of bacteria. proteome-wide occurrence of s/t/y phosphorylation has been reported for many prokaryotic systems. previously, we reported the phosphoproteome of pseudomonas aeruginosa and pseudomonas putida. in this study, we show the role of s/t phosphorylation of one motility protein, flic, in regulating multiple surface-associated phenomena of p. aeruginosa pao1. this is the first report of occurrence of ...201627701473
mitochondrial carriers link the catabolism of hydroxyaromatic compounds to the central metabolism in candida parapsilosis.the pathogenic yeast candida parapsilosis metabolizes hydroxyderivatives of benzene and benzoic acid to compounds channeled into central metabolism, including the mitochondrially localized tricarboxylic acid cycle, via the 3-oxoadipate and gentisate pathways. the orchestration of both catabolic pathways with mitochondrial metabolism as well as their evolutionary origin is not fully understood. our results show that the enzymes involved in these two pathways operate in the cytoplasm with the exce ...201627707801
disruption of pseudomonas putida by high pressure homogenization: a comparison of the predictive capacity of three process models for the efficient release of arginine deiminase.disruption of pseudomonas putida kt2440 by high-pressure homogenization in a french press is discussed for the release of arginine deiminase (adi). the enzyme release response of the disruption process was modelled for the experimental factors of biomass concentration in the broth being disrupted, the homogenization pressure and the number of passes of the cell slurry through the homogenizer. for the same data, the response surface method (rsm), the artificial neural network (ann) and the suppor ...201627699703
plant drought tolerance enhancement by trehalose production of desiccation-tolerant microorganisms.a collection of desiccation-tolerant xeroprotectant-producing microorganisms was screened for their ability to protect plants against drought, and their role as plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria was investigated in two different crops (tomato and pepper). the most commonly described biochemical mechanisms for plant protection against drought by microorganisms including the production of phytohormones, antioxidants and xeroprotectants were analyzed. in particular, the degree of plant protectio ...201627746776
harnessing host-vector microbiome for sustainable plant disease management of phloem-limited bacteria.plant health and productivity is strongly influenced by their intimate interaction with deleterious and beneficial organisms, including microbes, and insects. of the various plant diseases, insect-vectored diseases are of particular interest, including those caused by obligate parasites affecting plant phloem such as candidatus (ca.) phytoplasma species and several species of ca. liberibacter. recent studies on plant-microbe and plant-insect interactions of these pathogens have demonstrated that ...201627746788
draft genome sequences of four hospital-associated pseudomonas putida isolates.we present here the draft genome sequences of four pseudomonas putida isolates belonging to a single clone suspected for nosocomial transmission between patients and a bronchoscope in a tertiary hospital. the four genome sequences belong to a single lineage but contain differences in their mobile genetic elements.201627688339
activation of the glutamic acid-dependent acid resistance system in escherichia coli bl21(de3) leads to increase of the fatty acid biotransformation activity.the biosynthesis of carboxylic acids including fatty acids from biomass is central in envisaged biorefinery concepts. the productivities are often, however, low due to product toxicity that hamper whole-cell biocatalyst performance. here, we have investigated factors that influence the tolerance of escherichia coli to medium chain carboxylic acid (i.e., n-heptanoic acid)-induced stress. the metabolic and genomic responses of e. coli bl21(de3) and mg1655 grown in the presence of n-heptanoic acid ...201627681369
structural and histone binding ability characterization of the arb2 domain of a histone deacetylase hda1 from saccharomyces cerevisiae.hda1 is the catalytic core component of the h2b- and h3- specific histone deacetylase (hdac) complex from saccharomyces cerevisiae, which is involved in the epigenetic repression and plays a crucial role in transcriptional regulation and developmental events. though the n-terminal catalytic hdac domain of hda1 is well characterized, the function of the c-terminal arb2 domain remains unknown. in this study, we determine the crystal structure of the arb2 domain from s. cerevisiae hda1 at a resolut ...201627665728
antibiotic resistance of diverse bacteria from aquaculture in borneo.the administration of antimicrobials in aquaculture provides a selective pressure creating a reservoir of multiple resistant bacteria in the cultured fish and shrimps as well as the aquaculture environment. the objective of this study was to determine the extent of antibiotic resistance in aquaculture products and aquaculture's surrounding environment in sarawak, malaysian borneo. ninety-four identified bacterial isolates constituted of 17 genera were isolated from sediment, water, and cultured ...201627746817
transcriptomic analysis of the highly efficient oil-degrading bacterium acinetobacter venetianus rag-1 reveals genes important in dodecane uptake and utilization.the hydrocarbonoclastic bacterium acinetobacter venetianus rag-1 has attracted substantial attention due to its powerful oil-degrading capabilities and its potential to play an important ecological role in the cleanup of alkanes. in this study, we compare the transcriptome of the strain rag-1 grown in dodecane, the corresponding alkanol (dodecanol), and sodium acetate for the characterization of genes involved in dodecane uptake and utilization. comparison of the transcriptional responses of rag ...201627664055
biosynthesis of catechol melanin from glycerol employing metabolically engineered escherichia coli.melanins comprise a chemically-diverse group of polymeric pigments whose function is related to protection against physical and chemical stress factors. these polymers have current and potential applications in the chemical, medical, electronics and materials industries. the biotechnological production of melanins offers the possibility of obtaining these pigments in pure form and relatively low cost. in this study, escherichia coli strains were engineered to evaluate the production of melanin f ...201627659593
draft genome sequence of a diazotrophic, plant growth-promoting rhizobacterium of the pseudomonas syringae complex.we report here the draft genome sequence of pseudomonas syringae gr12-2, a nitrogen-fixing, plant growth-promoting bacterium, isolated from the rhizosphere of an arctic grass. the 6.6-mbp genome contains 5,676 protein-coding genes, including a nitrogen-fixation island similar to that in p. stutzeri.201627660794
identification and characterization of an aeromonas hydrophila oligopeptidase gene pepf negatively related to biofilm formation.bacterial biofilms are involved in adaptation to complex environments and are responsible for persistent bacterial infections. biofilm formation is a highly complex process during which multifarious genes work together regularly. in this study, we screened the ez-tn5 transposon mutant library to identify genes involved in biofilm formation of aeromonas hydrophila. a total of 24 biofilm-associated genes were identified, the majority of which encoded proteins related to cell structure, transcripti ...201627713736
identification of gefitinib off-targets using a structure-based systems biology approach; their validation with reverse docking and retrospective data mining.gefitinib, an egfr tyrosine kinase inhibitor, is used as fda approved drug in breast cancer and non-small cell lung cancer treatment. however, this drug has certain side effects and complications for which the underlying molecular mechanisms are not well understood. by systems biology based in silico analysis, we identified off-targets of gefitinib that might explain side effects of this drugs. the crystal structure of egfr-gefitinib complex was used for binding pocket similarity searches on a d ...201627653775
structure and catalytic mechanism of monodehydroascorbate reductase, mdhar, from oryza sativa l. japonica.ascorbic acid (asa) maintains redox homeostasis by scavenging reactive oxygen species from prokaryotes to eukaryotes, especially plants. the enzyme monodehydroascorbate reductase (mdhar) regenerates asa by catalysing the reduction of monodehydroascorbate, using nadh or nadph as an electron donor. the detailed recycling mechanism of mdhar remains unclear due to lack of structural information. here, we present the crystal structures of mdhar in the presence of cofactors, nicotinamide adenine dinuc ...201627652777
genome-based genetic tool development for bacillus methanolicus: theta- and rolling circle-replicating plasmids for inducible gene expression and application to methanol-based cadaverine production.bacillus methanolicus is a thermophilic methylotroph able to overproduce amino acids from methanol, a substrate not used for human or animal nutrition. based on our previous rna-seq analysis a mannitol inducible promoter and a putative mannitol activator gene mtlr were identified. the mannitol inducible promoter was applied for controlled gene expression using fluorescent reporter proteins and a flow cytometry analysis, and improved by changing the -35 promoter region and by co-expression of the ...201627713731
engineering of tm1459 from thermotoga maritima for increased oxidative alkene cleavage activity.oxidative cleavage of alkenes is a widely employed process allowing oxyfunctionalization to corresponding carbonyl compounds. recently, a novel biocatalytic oxidative alkene cleavage activity on styrene derivatives was identified in tm1459 from thermotoga maritima. in this work we engineered the enzyme by site-saturation mutagenesis of active site amino acids to increase its activity and to broaden its substrate scope. a high-throughput assay for the detection of the ketone products was successf ...201627713741
triclosan in water, implications for human and environmental health.triclosan (tcs) is a broad spectrum antibacterial agent present as an active ingredient in some personal care products such as soaps, toothpastes and sterilizers. it is an endocrine disrupting compound and its increasing presence in water resources as well as in biosolid-amended soils used in farming, its potential for bioaccumulation in fatty tissues and toxicity in aquatic organisms are a cause for concern to human and environmental health. tcs has also been detected in blood, breast milk, uri ...201627722057
biosynthesis and molecular actions of specialized 1,4-naphthoquinone natural products produced by horticultural plants.the 1,4-naphthoquinones (1,4-nqs) are a diverse group of natural products found in every kingdom of life. plants, including many horticultural species, collectively synthesize hundreds of specialized 1,4-nqs with ecological roles in plant-plant (allelopathy), plant-insect and plant-microbe interactions. numerous horticultural plants producing 1,4-nqs have also served as sources of traditional medicines for hundreds of years. as a result, horticultural species have been at the forefront of many b ...201627688890
physical forces shape group identity of swimming pseudomonas putida cells.the often striking macroscopic patterns developed by motile bacterial populations on agar plates are a consequence of the environmental conditions where the cells grow and spread. parameters such as medium stiffness and nutrient concentration have been reported to alter cell swimming behavior, while mutual interactions among populations shape collective patterns. one commonly observed occurrence is the mutual inhibition of clonal bacteria when moving toward each other, which results in a distinc ...201627695443
cloning, expression, and characterization of a peptidoglycan hydrolase from the burkholderia pseudomallei phage st79.the lytic phage st79 of burkholderia pseudomallei can lyse a broad range of its host including antibiotic resistant isolates from within using a set of proteins, holin, lysb, lysc and endolysin, a peptidoglycan (pg) hydrolase enzyme. the phage st79 endolysin gene identified as peptidase m15a was cloned, expressed and purified to evaluate its potential to lyse pathogenic bacteria. the molecular size of the purified enzyme is approximately 18 kda and the in silico study cited here indicated the pr ...201627637947
fine-tuning of amino sugar homeostasis by eiia(ntr) in salmonella typhimurium.the nitrogen-metabolic phosphotransferase system, pts(ntr), consists of the enzymes i(ntr), npr and iia(ntr) that are encoded by ptsp, ptso, and ptsn, respectively. due to the proximity of ptso and ptsn to rpon, the pts(ntr) system has been postulated to be closely related with nitrogen metabolism. to define the correlation between pts(ntr) and nitrogen metabolism, we performed ligand fishing with eiia(ntr) as a bait and revealed that d-glucosamine-6-phosphate synthase (glms) directly interacted ...201627628932
genomic, transcriptomic and proteomic analysis provide insights into the cold adaptation mechanism of the obligate psychrophilic fungus mrakia psychrophila.mrakia psychrophila is an obligate psychrophilic fungus. the cold adaptation mechanism of psychrophilic fungi remains unknown. comparative genomics analysis indicated that m. psychrophila had a specific codon usage preference, especially for codons of gly and arg and its major facilitator superfamily (mfs) transporter gene family was expanded. transcriptomic analysis revealed that genes involved in ribosome and energy metabolism were upregulated at 4°c, while genes involved in unfolded protein b ...201627633791
saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolism in ecological context.the architecture and regulation of saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolic network are among the best studied owing to its widespread use in both basic research and industry. yet, several recent studies have revealed notable limitations in explaining genotype-metabolic phenotype relations in this yeast, especially when concerning multiple genetic/environmental perturbations. apparently unexpected genotype-phenotype relations may originate in the evolutionarily shaped cellular operating principles bei ...201627634775
systems metabolic engineering of corynebacterium glutamicum for the production of the carbon-5 platform chemicals 5-aminovalerate and glutarate.the steadily growing world population and our ever luxurious life style, along with the simultaneously decreasing fossil resources has confronted modern society with the issue and need of finding renewable routes to accommodate for our demands. shifting the production pipeline from raw oil to biomass requires efficient processes for numerous platform chemicals being produced with high yield, high titer and high productivity.201627618862
architecture of class 1, 2, and 3 integrons from gram negative bacteria recovered among fruits and vegetables.the spread of antibiotic resistant bacteria throughout the food chain constitutes a public health concern. to understand the contribution of fresh produce in shaping antibiotic resistance bacteria and integron prevalence in the food chain, 333 antibiotic resistance gram negative isolates were collected from organic and conventionally produced fruits (pears, apples, and strawberries) and vegetables (lettuces, tomatoes, and carrots). although low levels of resistance have been detected, the bacter ...201627679611
the structure of the periplasmic sensor domain of the histidine kinase cuss shows unusual metal ion coordination at the dimeric interface.in bacteria, two-component systems act as signaling systems to respond to environmental stimuli. two-component systems generally consist of a sensor histidine kinase and a response regulator, which work together through histidyl-aspartyl phosphorelay to result in gene regulation. one of the two-component systems in escherichia coli, cuss-cusr, is known to induce expression of cuscfba genes at increased periplasmic cu(i) and ag(i) concentrations to help maintain metal ion homeostasis. cuss is a m ...201627583660
physiological response of escherichia coli o157:h7 sakai to dynamic changes in temperature and water activity as experienced during carcass chilling.enterohemeorrhagic escherichia coli is a leading cause of foodborne illness, with the majority of cases linked to foods of bovine origin. currently, no completely effective method for controlling this pathogen during carcass processing exists. understanding how this pathogen behaves under those stress conditions experienced on the carcass during chilling in cold air could offer opportunities for development or improvement of effective decontamination processes. therefore, we studied the growth k ...201627615263
occurrence and antimicrobial susceptibility of enteric rods and pseudomonads isolated from the dental prostheses biofilm.to determine the occurrence and the in vitro antimicrobial susceptibility of enteric rods and pseudomonads from the denture biofilm of 52 subjects at the center for dental specialties of sobral/ ceara, brazil.201627812616
identification of klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase-producing klebsiella oxytoca in clinical isolates in tehran hospitals, iran by chromogenic medium and molecular methods.production of carbapenemase, especially klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemases (kpc), is one of the antibiotic resistance mechanisms of enterobacteriaceae such as klebsiella oxytoca. this study aimed to investigate and identify kpc-producing k. oxytoca isolates using molecular and phenotypic methods.201627812488
recent advances in synthetic biosafety.synthetically engineered organisms hold promise for a broad range of medical, environmental, and industrial applications. organisms can potentially be designed, for example, for the inexpensive and environmentally benign synthesis of pharmaceuticals and industrial chemicals, for the cleanup of environmental pollutants, and potentially even for biomedical applications such as the targeting of specific diseases or tissues. however, the use of synthetically engineered organisms comes with several r ...201627635235
interspecific bacterial interactions are reflected in multispecies biofilm spatial organization.interspecies interactions are essential for the persistence and development of any kind of complex community, and microbial biofilms are no exception. multispecies biofilms are structured and spatially defined communities that have received much attention due to their omnipresence in natural environments. species residing in these complex bacterial communities usually interact both intra- and interspecifically. such interactions are considered to not only be fundamental in shaping overall biomas ...201627630624
comparison of the complete genome sequences of four γ-hexachlorocyclohexane-degrading bacterial strains: insights into the evolution of bacteria able to degrade a recalcitrant man-made pesticide.γ-hexachlorocyclohexane (γ-hch) is a recalcitrant man-made chlorinated pesticide. here, the complete genome sequences of four γ-hch-degrading sphingomonad strains, which are most unlikely to have been derived from one ancestral γ-hch degrader, were compared. together with several experimental data, we showed that (i) all the four strains carry almost identical lina to line genes for the conversion of γ-hch to maleylacetate (designated "specific" lin genes), (ii) considerably different genes are ...201627581378
primary succession of nitrogen cycling microbial communities along the deglaciated forelands of tianshan mountain, china.structural succession and its driving factors for nitrogen (n) cycling microbial communities during the early stages of soil development (0-44 years) were studied along a chronosequence in the glacial forelands of the tianshan mountain no.1 glacier in the arid and semi-arid region of central asia. we assessed the abundance and population of functional genes affiliated with n-fixation (nifh), nitrification (bacterial and archaeal amoa), and denitrification (nirk/s and nosz) in a glacier foreland ...201627625641
matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass-spectrometry (maldi-tof ms) based microbial identifications: challenges and scopes for microbial ecologists.matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass-spectrometry (maldi-tof ms) based biotyping is an emerging technique for high-throughput and rapid microbial identification. due to its relatively higher accuracy, comprehensive database of clinically important microorganisms and low-cost compared to other microbial identification methods, maldi-tof ms has started replacing existing practices prevalent in clinical diagnosis. however, applicability of maldi-tof ms in the area of micr ...201627625644
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