Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| influence of cell surface glycoprotein gc produced by pseudorabies virus on cytopathic effect. | the wild-type pseudorabies virus (wt-prv) produced a round-type cytopathic effect (cpe) in pk-15 cell line of porcine kidney origin, while prvgcs lacking in gc-transmembrane-anchor region and prvgc-defecting in gc gene produced a syncytium-type cpe. the mouse embryo cell line (balb/3t3 clone a31) were transfected with recombinant plasmid of pcdna3 which incorporated with gc gene. the transfected a31/gc cells were stably expressing gc. only a round-type cpe was observed in these cells infected wi ... | 1998 | 9764402 |
| immunohistochemical demonstration of spread of aujeszky's disease virus to the porcine central nervous system after intestinal inoculation. | aujeszky's disease virus (adv) was injected into the duodenal lumen of eight specific pathogen-free pigs aged 5 weeks. the infected pigs did not show any diarrhoea or nervous symptoms, but they developed characteristic necrotizing enteritis and myenteric plexitis, accompanied by follicular necrosis in the peyer's patches. adv antigen was detected in the submucosa of the dome area of peyer's patches, lymphatic follicles, meissner's and auerbach's plexuses, solar ganglia and thoracic spinal gangli ... | 1998 | 9651809 |
| mapping quantitative trait loci for immune capacity in the pig. | immune capacity traits show considerable genetic variation in outbred populations. to identify quantitative trait loci (qtls) for immune capacity in the pig, various measures of immune function (total and differential leukocyte counts, neutrophil phagocytosis, mitogen-induced proliferation, il-2 production, and virus induced ifn-alpha production in whole blood cultures, and ab responses to two escherichia coli antigens) were determined in 200 f2 animals from a wild pig-swedish yorkshire intercro ... | 1998 | 9670960 |
| interleukin-12 enhances the virus-specific interferon gamma response of pigs to an inactivated pseudorabies virus vaccine. | cell-mediated immunity is a major component of the host defense system against viral infections. since interleukin (il)-12 has been shown to be a potent stimulus for the in vivo generation of interferon-gamma (ifn-gamma)-producing t cells (i.e. th-1 cells) in laboratory animals, we evaluated the effect of il-12 on the cellular immune response of pigs to vaccination against pseudorabies virus (prv), a herpesvirus of swine. the magnitude of the cellular immune response was measured by ifn-gamma el ... | 1998 | 9656441 |
| reactions of oligodendrocyte precursor cells to alpha herpesvirus infection of the central nervous system. | adult animals harbor an abundant population of oligodendrocyte precursor cells (opcs) whose functions, other than providing a pool of precursors for oligodendrocytes, are unknown. previous studies have demonstrated that these unusual glial cells, which can be identified by virtue of their expression of the ng2 chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan, react to traumatic brain injury. to determine the generality of the ability of opcs to react to neuropathological insults, we have examined the reactions ... | 1998 | 9671962 |
| efficacy of a mixed glycoprotein vaccine against pseudorabies in pregnant sows. | a pseudorabies virus (prv) glycoprotein-mixed vaccine was prepared by heparin-affinity chromatography from prv-infected pk-15 cell lysates. in our previous study, the trial vaccine was induced protection with suppression of virus shedding in one-month-old pigs and generation of cytotoxic t lymphocyte (ctl) response in mice. in this study, the effect of the trial vaccine on suppression of both virus shedding and reproductive failure in pregnant sows was examined. three sows were vaccinated twice ... | 1998 | 9492356 |
| pseudorabies virus glycoprotein gk is a virion structural component involved in virus release but is not required for entry. | the pseudorabies virus (prv) gene homologous to herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) ul53, which encodes hsv-1 glycoprotein k (gk), has recently been sequenced (j. baumeister, b. g. klupp, and t. c. mettenleiter, j. virol. 69:5560-5567, 1995). to identify the corresponding protein, a rabbit antiserum was raised against a 40-kda glutathione s-transferase-gk fusion protein expressed in escherichia coli. in western blot analysis, this serum detected a 32-kda polypeptide in prv-infected cell lysates ... | 1998 | 9499048 |
| implications derived from a mathematical model for eradication of pseudorabies virus. | simple mathematical models based on experimental and observational data were applied to evaluate the feasibility of eradicating pseudorabies virus (prv) regionally by vaccination and to determine which factors can jeopardise eradication. as much as possible, the models were uncomplicated and our conclusions were based on mathematical analysis. for complicated situations, monte-carlo simulation was used to support the conclusions. for eradication, it is sufficient that the reproduction ratio r (t ... | 1998 | 9500163 |
| enteric lesions induced by different pseudorabies (aujeszky's disease) virus strains inoculated into closed intestinal loops of pigs. | three different strains of pseudorabies (aujeszky's disease) virus were inoculated into ligated closed loops in the jejunum and ileum of five specific-pathogen-free pigs. infected areas were compared with respect to distribution of histologic lesions and pseudorabies virus antigen. two wild-type strains of pseudorabies virus produced enteric lesions consisting of necrosis of the subepithelial macrophages in the basilar crypt epithelium, necrosis of the lymphoid follicles in the peyer's patches, ... | 1998 | 9526858 |
| different patterns of neuronal infection after intracerebral injection of two strains of pseudorabies virus. | pseudorabies virus (prv), a swine neurotropic alphaherpesvirus, is known to invade the central nervous system (cns) of a variety of animal species through peripherally projecting axons, replicate in the parent neurons, and then pass transsynaptically to infect other neurons of a circuit. studies of the human pathogen herpes simplex virus type 1 have reported differences in the direction of transport of two strains of this virus after direct injection into the primate motor cortex. in the present ... | 1998 | 9557737 |
| prevalence of antibodies of field pseudorabies virus in pigs of herd vaccinated with live vaccine. | this trial was performed in a 350-sow farrow-to-finish pig farm in which animals had been vaccinated against aujeszky's disease with glycoprotein gc deletion (gc(-)) vaccine. the prevalence of antibodies against field pseudorabies virus (prv) in serum samples collected from sows and fattening pigs during the period march 1995 to may 1997 was determined by using a commercial assay kit. the frequencies with which prv-positive sows were found were 28.9% and 25.0% in march and october of 1995, 12.5% ... | 1998 | 9560796 |
| simple and rapid purification of alphaherpesviruses by chromatography on a cation exchange membrane. | a simple and rapid method is described for the purification of two alphaherpesviruses, pseudorabies virus (prv) and bovine herpesvirus 1, by chromatography on a cation exchange membrane. cell culture supernatants were passed over a sulfonic-acid modified filter membrane and virions were eluted with a potassium chloride-containing buffer. over 85% of the virus was eluted within a single fraction and specific infectivity of the resulting virus preparation was over 10-fold higher than that of sucro ... | 1998 | 9562416 |
| role of envelope protein ge endocytosis in the pseudorabies virus life cycle. | several groups have reported that certain herpesvirus envelope proteins do not remain on the surface of cells that express them but rather are internalized by endocytosis in a recycling process. the biological function of membrane protein endocytosis in the virus life cycle remains a matter of speculation and debate. in this report, we demonstrate that some, but not all, membrane proteins encoded by the alphaherpesvirus pseudorabies virus (prv) are internalized after reaching the plasma membrane ... | 1998 | 9573220 |
| quantitative detection of porcine interferon-gamma in response to mitogen, superantigen and recall viral antigen. | five monoclonal antibodies (mabs) specific for porcine interferon-gamma (poifn-gamma) were isolated and utilized to develop a poifn-gamma sandwich elisa. specific reactivity of each mab with e. coli derived recombinant poifn-gamma, but not with rpoil-2 or rpoll-10, was confirmed in an indirect elisa and in western blots. competitive elisas showed that mabs p2a4 and p2c11 bound an epitope which was not recognized by mabs p2g10, p1b7 or p2f6. the latter three mabs were able to neutralize the abili ... | 1998 | 9613440 |
| characterisation of pseudorabies virus isolated from wild boar (sus scrofa). | seroepidemiological evidence had suggested that pseudorabies (aujeszky's disease) virus (prv) infections occur in the european wild boar population in eastern germany, although attempts to isolate the causative agent had failed. in 1995 and 1996, five virus isolates were recovered from latently infected wild boar originating from two regions where the disease was endemic. the isolates were identified as prv by immunofluorescence and neutralisation with specific sera and grouped as prv type i. co ... | 1998 | 9795404 |
| use of muscle exudates for the detection of anti-ge antibodies to aujeszky's disease virus. | a commercial elisa test to detect serum anti-ge antibodies to aujeszky's disease virus was adapted for use with muscle exudates. the muscle samples were taken from the diaphragm of pig carcasses at the slaughterhouse. three hundred and eighty-nine pairs of samples of serum and muscle exudate were compared to determine the possibility of using muscle exudate samples in a programme to control aujeszky's disease. taking the serum samples as the reference, the individual sensitivity of the test was ... | 1998 | 9802195 |
| diagnosis of aujeszky's disease virus infection in dogs by use of immunohistochemistry and in-situ hybridization. | aujeszky's disease (ad) was diagnosed in seven dogs by histological examination, immunohistochemistry and dna in-situ hybridization. all dogs which lived on two swine farms died spontaneously showing an acute neurological syndrome (hypersalivation, vomiting, pruritus, depression and coma). the most significant histopathological lesion was a non-suppurative encephalitis located in the brain stem, mainly near the floor of the ivth ventricle. aujeszky's disease virus (adv) antigen and adv nucleic a ... | 1998 | 9591471 |
| viruses as transneuronal tracers for defining neural circuits. | live viruses can be used as tools to label chains of neurons and thus to define functionally connected cns circuits. this review summarizes the background and general principles involved in using the viral tracing technology. an attenuated form of a pig herpes virus, known as the bartha's k strain of pseudorabies virus, has proven to be a useful type of virus for the analysis of cns systems in the rat. the properties of this virus and the evidence for its specificity in causing trans-synaptic in ... | 1998 | 9809303 |
| molecular mechanisms of neurotropic herpesvirus invasion and spread in the cns. | pseudorabies virus (prv) is a herpesvirus in the subfamily alphaherpesvirinae (the alpha herpesviruses). after primary infection at mucosal surfaces, prv infects the peripheral nervous system in its natural host (swine) with occasional invasion of the central nervous system. when other hosts (including cows and rodents) are infected, the infection almost always gives rise to fatal disease in the cns as a result of infection of peripheral neurons and subsequent spread to the brain. part of the ab ... | 1998 | 9809306 |
| determination of adequate moisture content for efficient dry-heat viral inactivation in lyophilized factor viii by loss on drying and by near infrared spectroscopy. | a requirement for a minimal threshold level of moisture in order for efficient virus inactivation to occur during dry heat treatment of freeze-dried coagulation factor concentrates is described. techniques used to determine moisture content during heating were loss on drying and karl fischer. the loss on drying was suspected to have occasional errors as a result of sample preparation being influenced by interference from atmospheric moisture. therefore, a non-invasive, non-destructive method for ... | 1998 | 9811517 |
| validation of the heat treatment step used in the production of diaspirin crosslinked hemoglobin (dclhb) for viral inactivation. | a series of experiments was performed to assess the ability of the heat treatment step used in the manufacture of diaspirin crosslinked hemoglobin (dclhb) to inactivate viruses. in-process solutions (reaction mixtures after the crosslinking process) from six different manufacturing lots were used as test media in a 1:680 scaled down system in which the key process parameters used in the large scale production were duplicated. the inactivation of five different viruses (bovine viral diarrhea viru ... | 1998 | 9844723 |
| pseudorabies virus (prv) early protein 0 activates prv gene transcription in combination with the immediate-early protein ie180 and enhances the infectivity of prv genomic dna. | pseudorabies virus (prv) early protein 0 (ep0) functions as a transactivator of the viral gene promoters. in transient expression assays employing chloramphenicol acetyl transferase (cat) reporter constructs, ep0 and the immediate-early protein ie180 act in an additive manner to activate transcription from the thymidine kinase (tk) and glycoprotein g (gg) gene promoters. ep0 enhanced the synthesis of infectious virus in cotransfection experiments with the ep0-expression plasmid and prv genomic d ... | 1998 | 9850990 |
| a restriction cleavage and transfection system for introducing foreign dna sequences into the genome of a herpesvirus. | this report describes a simple and efficient system for construction of recombinant pseudorabies (aujeszky's disease) virus (prv) which is based on the use of a unique restriction site inserted into the viral genome. this system enables the recovery of genetically modified viruses without screening or selection for a specific phenotype, since practically all mature viral particles obtained carry the foreign sequences. to demonstrate, we introduced the tumour suppressor protein-53 (p53) gene into ... | 1998 | 9602503 |
| the influence of maternal immunity on the development of the in vitro lymphocyte proliferation response against pseudorabies virus in pigs. | in this study, the influence of maternal immunity against pseudorabies virus (prv) on the development of a prv-specific t-cell response in pigs was investigated. pigs with or without maternal immunity were challenged by inoculation with wild-type prv, or were vaccinated with 783 and subsequently inoculated. peripheral blood lymphocytes, collected after vaccination and/or inoculation, were used for prv-induced lymphocyte proliferation assays in vitro as a measure of a prv-specific t-cell response ... | 1998 | 9625475 |
| actinobacillus pleuropneumonia serotype 2--effects on the interferon-alpha production of porcine leukocytes in vivo and in vitro. | effects of a bacterial infection on the ifn-alpha production in vivo and in vitro were studied in eight specific pathogen free pigs experimentally infected with actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae. clinically, the experimental infection was manifested as a febrile stage which lasted approximately one week and by signs of respiratory disease. the aujeszky's disease virus (adv) induced ifn-alpha production, assessed in whole blood cultures, was increased for the infected pigs during the febrile stage. ... | 1998 | 9611683 |
| immune responses in pigs infected with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv). | in three successive experiments, the immune functions of pigs persistently infected with the porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv) have been evaluated. non-specific immune responses were analyzed over a period of 12 weeks post-infection (pi). in addition, the capacity of prrsv-infected pigs to develop an efficient immune response against pseudorabies virus (prv) glycoproteins and to resist to a subsequent virulent challenge was investigated. our results demonstrate that prr ... | 1998 | 9613472 |
| study of the persistence of aujeszky's disease (pseudorabies) virus in peripheral blood mononuclear cells and tissues of experimentally infected pigs. | the presence of aujeszky's disease virus (adv) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmc) and tissues of experimentally infected pigs was studied. vaccinated and unvaccinated pigs were inoculated with different doses of aujeszky's disease nia-3 strain. pigs were periodically bled and pbmc were used for virus isolation and pcr detection of virus. tissues were obtained at the time of death (8 weeks post-inoculation) and used for adv genome detection by pcr. adv genome was amplified from pbmc dur ... | 1998 | 9791865 |
| identification, expression, and characterization of the pseudorabies virus dna-binding protein gene and gene product. | the pseudorabies virus (prv) gene encoding a dna-binding protein (dbp) was first identified in this study. the dbp gene has an open reading frame of 3531 nucleotides, capable of coding a 1177-amino-acid polypeptide of 125 kda. the deduced dbp exhibits a conserved zinc-binding motif and a conserved dna-binding region, suggesting the similar dna-binding mechanism occurs among alphaherpesviral dbp homologs. to further identify the biochemical properties of prv dbp, this protein was expressed in esc ... | 1998 | 9784061 |
| effect of vaccination route and composition of dna vaccine on the induction of protective immunity against pseudorabies infection in pigs. | vaccination with naked dna may be an alternative to conventional vaccines because it combines the efficacy of attenuated vaccines with the biological safety of inactivated vaccines. we recently showed that the vaccination with naked dna coding for the immunorelevant glycoprotein d (gd) of pseudorabies virus (prv) induced both antibody and cell-mediated immunity in pigs and provided protection against challenge infection. to determine whether the efficacy of the naked dna vaccination against prv ... | 1998 | 9860185 |
| cytokines as markers for infections and their effect on growth performance and well-being in the pig. | exposure to micro-organisms commonly elicit the production of cytokines. these soluble factors enhance several innate immune functions that aim to limit the spread of infection. further, many of the pro-inflammatory cytokines regulate the ensuing specific immune response. in addition to their effects on cells of the immune system, cytokines also are important regulators in the so called immune-neuroendocrine network. the microbial structures that are necessary for induction of cytokine productio ... | 1998 | 9785048 |
| time course of the porcine cellular and humoral immune responses in vivo against pseudorabies virus after inoculation and challenge: significance of in vitro antigenic restimulation. | we investigated the time course of porcine cellular and humoral immune responses against pseudorabies virus (prv) after pigs were inoculated with prv ge(-) mutant strain m141 and challenged with wild-type virus nia-3. peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmc) were isolated from blood samples; half were used directly and half were restimulated with prv in vitro before use in a cytolytic assay. we determined time course and extent of prv-specific lymphoproliferative and cytolytic response. in addi ... | 1998 | 9802578 |
| interleukin-2 dependent selective activation of porcine gamma delta t lymphocytes by an extract from the leaves of acanthospermum hispidum. | the immunostimulatory capacity of acanthospermum hispidum, a tropical plant which is used in the traditional medicine of benin for the treatment of infectious diseases, was studied in the porcine immune system. these in vitro studies revealed the capacity of a. hispidum to enhance the proliferation of t lymphocytes after stimulation with cona or allogeneic stimulator cells in the mixed leucocyte culture (mlc). the virus-specific mhc class ii-restricted in vitro immune response against pseudorabi ... | 1998 | 9717084 |
| pseudorabies virus-induced leukocyte trafficking into the rat central nervous system. | when the swine alphaherpesvirus pseudorabies virus (prv) infects the rat retina, it replicates in retinal ganglion cells and invades the central nervous system (cns) via anterograde transynaptic spread through axons in the optic nerve. virus can also spread to the cns via retrograde transport through the oculomotor nucleus that innervates extraocular muscles of the eye. since retrograde infection of the cns precedes anterograde transynaptic infection, the temporal sequence of infection of the cn ... | 1998 | 9765465 |
| recombinant porcine ifn-gamma potentiates the secondary igg and iga responses to an inactivated suid herpesvirus-1 vaccine and reduces postchallenge weight loss and fever in pigs. | the effect of recombinant porcine interferon-gamma (ifn-gamma) on the immunogenicity in vivo of inactivated suid herpesvirus-1 (shv-1, phylaxia strain) was studied applying two successive i.m. immunizations. the animals were injected with inactivated virus alone or inactivated virus supplemented with 10(4) or 10(6) u ifn-gamma. after the first immunization, none of the animals responded with measurable virus-neutralizing antibody (vnab), virus-specific igg or iga. following a second immunization ... | 1998 | 9781813 |
| experimental infection of pigs with a thymidine kinase negative strain of pseudorabies virus. | sixteen 20 day old pigs, devoid of neutralizing antibody to pseudorabies virus (prv), were divided into two groups of eight, an the animals of each group were housed in a separate unit. in each group 6 pigs were inoculated intranasally with the thymidine kinase (tk-) mutant (group 1) or the field strain of prv (group 2), each pig receiving an inoculum of 4 ml. the remaining 2 pigs in each group served as uninoculated controls. the only clinical sign observed in the pigs of group 1 was a transien ... | 1998 | 9775359 |
| analysis of the equalization of inverted repeats and neurovirulence using a pseudorabies virus mutant strain altered at the ul/ir junction. | a recombinant pseudorabies (aujeszky's disease) virus (prv) designated as ve16lac was constructed by deleting a 3-kbp dna segment spanning the junction of long and short components of the viral genome, and by replacing the deleted segment with a lacz-expression cassette. the aim of constructing this mutant was (a) to determine whether the terminal repeat (tr) can serve as a template for the regeneration of the internal repeat (ir), and (b) whether this deletion causes a reduction in the neuroinv ... | 1998 | 9778792 |
| protein synthesis in pseudorabies virus-infected cells: decreased expression of protein kinase pkr, and effects of 2-aminopurine and adenine. | the impact of pseudorabies virus (prv) infection on the synthesis of host cell proteins was studied. by metabolic labeling of protein synthesis with [35s]methionine, it was observed that the translation of cellular proteins was inhibited globally in the late phase of infection and viral proteins became the dominating products. furthermore, immunoblot analysis showed that the total protein levels of two genes involved in translational regulation, namely the dsrna-dependent protein kinase (pkr) an ... | 1998 | 9783469 |
| immunogenicity of vector dna vaccine constructs of pseudorabies virus immediate early gene (ie180) in mice and swine. | 1998 | 9668518 | |
| the ul6 locus of pseudorabies virus and its homology to oncogenic herpesviruses. | the ul6 locus of pseudorabies virus (prv) was analyzed to reveal a gene cluster with homology to herpes simplex virus ul5, ul6, ul7 and ul8, epstein-barr virus bbrf1 and bbrf2, and kaposi sarcoma-associated herpes virus orf43 and orf42. the noncoding region between prv ul7 and ul8 contained 16 copies of a 14 bp t + c-rich repeat element. the mrna start sites for ul6 and ul7 were mapped by primer extension and ul6 was expressed in vitro. the mobility of the in vitro-expressed ul6 protein correlat ... | 1998 | 9458304 |
| gene arrangement within the unique long genome region of infectious laryngotracheitis virus is distinct from that of other alphaherpesviruses. | the genome of the avian alphaherpesvirus infectious laryngotracheitis virus (iltv) comprises ca. 155 kbp of which ca. one-third have been sequenced so far. to gain additional sequence information we analyzed two stretches of 15.5 and 1.9 kbp of the iltv unique long (u(l)) genome region. the larger fragment contains homologs of the herpes simplex virus (hsv) ul23 (thymidine kinase) and ul22 (glycoprotein h) genes followed by five open reading frames (orf) encoding putative proteins of 334 to 410 ... | 1998 | 9420298 |
| experimental dual infection of cesarean-derived, colostrum-deprived pigs with mycoplasma hyopneumoniae and pseudorabies virus. | to determine whether pseudorabies virus (prv) infection increases the severity of pneumonia by mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, 18, 10-week-old cesarean-derived, colostrum-deprived pigs were randomly assigned to 3 groups of 6 pigs each. pigs in groups a and c were inoculated intranasally with m. hyopneumoniae at 10-week-old. at 11-week-old, pigs in groups b and c were inoculated intranasally with prv. all pigs were initially seronegative for m. hyopneumoniae and prv. three pigs of each group were eutha ... | 1998 | 9560775 |
| acetylcholine reactivates latent pseudorabies virus in mice. | the latency model of pseudorabies virus (prv) wild strain, ys-81, in mice was established and latent prv reactivated with acetylcholine. the latent prv was reactivated from the trigeminal ganglia with acetylcholine. it was found that this model is useful in investigating the mechanism of latent prv reactivation by acetylcholine. | 1998 | 9506818 |
| effects of stress resulting from short-term restraint on in vitro functional capacity of leukocytes obtained from pigs. | to investigate whether the procedure used to snare and restrain pigs during collection of blood samples would alter in vitro functional capacity of leukocytes in the samples. | 1998 | 9563624 |
| herpes simplex virus type 1 icp-0 induces reactivation of pseudorabies virus from latently infected trigeminal ganglia explant cultures. | pseudorabies virus (prv), like other alphaherpesviruses, is a neurotropic virus that can establish a latent infection in swine. reactivation of prv from latency may occur spontaneously or after induction with corticosteroids. the mechanisms involved in the establishment of latency and reactivation are currently unknown. here, we examined gene-specific reactivation of prv by herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) immediate early protein, icp-0. primary neuronal cell cultures established from the tri ... | 1998 | 9572559 |
| vaccine-induced, pseudorabies virus-specific, extrathymic cd4+cd8+ memory t-helper cells in swine. | pseudorabies virus (prv; suid herpesvirus 1) infection causes heavy economic losses in the pig industry. therefore, vaccination with live attenuated viruses is practiced in many countries. this vaccination was demonstrated to induce extrathymic virus-specific memory cd4+cd8+ t lymphocytes. due to their major histocompatibility complex (mhc) class ii-restricted proliferation, it is generally believed that these t lymphocytes function as memory t-helper cells. to directly prove this hypothesis, 15 ... | 1998 | 9573253 |
| pseudorabies in the european wild boar from eastern germany. | sera collected from european wild boar (sus scrofa) shot in eastern germany between january 1991 and december 1994 were tested for antibodies to pseudorabies virus (prv). of 3,143 sera tested, 281 (8.9%) and 13 (0.4%) were positive and suspect in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa), respectively. the specificity of the reactions was confirmed by detection of neutralizing antibodies in 220 sera (74.8%) and by immunoblotting. analysis of host age and sex of the animals, temporal and spati ... | 1998 | 9577771 |
| antiviral effect of trimeric 2',5'-oligoadenylic acid and some of its analogues. | the antiviral effect of 2',5'-trioligoadenylate (2',5'-a3) and some of its analogues was studied using several model cell culture systems and viruses: mice l929 fibroblast cells inoculated with vaccine virus, testicular piglet cells inoculated with aueszki disease virus (strain buk-628), and the same culture inoculated with a reference strain of transmissible gastroenteritis virus, strain purdue-115. our results suggest that both 2',5'-trioligoadenylate and its analogues are promising antiviral ... | 1998 | 9579338 |
| effect of heparin on hemagglutination by equine arteritis virus. | heparin inhibited hemagglutination (ha) by equine arteritis virus (eav) as well as did ha by aujeszky's disease virus (adv), but failed to inhibit ha by parainfluenza virus type 3 (piv-3). the minimal concentration of heparin required to inhibit 8 ha u of eav was 0.1 u/ml. in addition, most eav hemagglutinin was retained by heparin acrylic beads, as was adv hemagglutinin, but was not piv-3 hemagglutinin. mouse erythrocytes failed to combine with the ha inhibitory factor of heparin. however, mous ... | 1998 | 9592716 |
| [control of the identity of blood samples for the surveillance of research on swine vesicular disease and aujeszky's disease]. | a surveillance programme for swine vesicular disease (svd) and aujeszky disease was set up in 1993 in the netherlands. blood samples are taken from pigs by local veterinarians to enable testing for the presence of antibodies against these viruses. a programme to guarantee the identity of pigs tested for these diseases has been in operation since late 1995. in this programme, pigs are identified on the basis of the dna profiles of blood and hair samples. the hair samples are collected by the depa ... | 1998 | 9618820 |
| aujeszky's disease (pseudorabies) virus detection in cerebrospinal fluid in experimentally infected pigs. | the presence of aujeszky's disease virus in cerebrospinal fluid of experimentally infected pigs was studied using the techniques of virus isolation and pcr. pigs, some of which were previously vaccinated against aujeszky's disease, were inoculated with different doses of the aujeszky's disease nia-3 strain. at the time of death or sacrifice, a sample of cerebrospinal fluid was taken and tested for the presence of virus using the mentioned techniques. virus was isolated only from one sample, whil ... | 1998 | 9646442 |
| suppression of pseudorabies virus replication by a mutant form of immediate-early protein ie180 repressing the viral gene transcription. | a mutant form of the immediate-early (ie) protein ie180 of pseudorabies virus (prv), din454-c1081 is a strong repressor of the prv ie gene promoter. in order to assess the antiviral potential of the ie180 mutant, hela cells were transformed with the mutant gene and then infected with prv and herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1). the transformed cell lines showed marked resistance to prv infection, but were susceptible to infection with hsv-1, indicating that the ie180 mutant expressed in the stab ... | 1998 | 9646443 |
| [comparative investigations of practice-oriented methods for the detection of viruses in food with aujeszky infection in swine as an example]. | in order to detect contamination in foodstuffs originating from animals, three different diagnostic methods were tested in comparison: cultivation in permissive cell cultures, microparticle antigen capture system per facs (mas) and polymerase chain reaction (pcr). assessment implied relevance for health, sensitivity and specificity. aujeszky infection in swine served as a model. the blood and organs of healthy, but persistently infected as well as specifically diseased animals were examined. in ... | 1997 | 9451947 |
| serological studies on porcine pneumocystis carinii pneumonia: kinetics of the antibody titers in swine herds and the association of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus infection. | serological titers to pneumocystis carinii (pc) and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv) were measured on a herd with epidemic pc pneumonia (case herd) and two comparison herds, by an indirect fluorescent-antibody technique. in the case herd, the geometric mean titer (gmt) for pc were 1:80 in pigs 1 week old, 1:10 in pigs 5 weeks old, and 1:80 to 1:190 in pigs over 6 weeks old. gmts for prrsv were > 1:145 in most of age groups over 7 weeks old. in comparison herds, pc and ... | 1997 | 9450249 |
| production of a baculovirus-derived gp50 protein and utilization in a competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the serodiagnosis of pseudorabies virus. | the pseudorabies virus (prv) gp50 envelope glycoprotein gene was cloned and expressed in a recombinant baculovirus. an anti-gp50 mab (1842) recognized a protein of approximately 40 kda in immunoblotting assays from infected insect cell lysates, while this product was not present in cells infected with wild-type baculovirus. the recombinant protein was purified by lectin affinity chromatography, utilizing lectins specific for o-linked oligosaccharides (artocarpus integrifolia and glycine max). co ... | 1997 | 9342453 |
| effect of heparin on a haemagglutinin of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus. | heparin inhibited haemagglutination by porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv) and by aujesky's disease virus, but failed to inhibit haemagglutination by parainfluenza virus type 3. the minimal inhibitory concentration of heparin required to inhibit 8 ha u of prrsv haemagglutinin ranged from 0.1 to 1 u ml-1. mouse erythrocytes failed to combine with the haemagglutination inhibitory factor of heparin. however, mouse erythrocytes treated with heparinase had greatly reduced aggl ... | 1997 | 9300545 |
| detection of virus or virus specific nucleic acid in foodstuff or bioproducts--hazards and risk assessment. | there are two possibilities for virus contamination of foodstuff and bioproducts of animal origin: i) the presence of endogenous virus as a result of an acute or subclinical infection of animal raw material used for food processing or ii) contamination of food in the course of processing or thereafter. the latter must be considered as the highest risk for human consumers since the viral contamination mostly is caused by virus shedding people and the transmitted viruses are obligate human pathoge ... | 1997 | 9413526 |
| dynamics of pseudorabies virus infections in vaccinated pig populations: a review. | this paper reviews our studies on the dynamics of pseudorabies virus (prv) infections in populations of vaccinated pigs. by using mathematical models, experiments, and field observations, we have been able to quantify prv transmission by the reproduction ratio r, which is defined as the average number of secondary cases caused by one infectious individual. if r is less than 1, prv infections will fade out in the pig population and eradication is certain. under experimental conditions, r of doubl ... | 1997 | 9323852 |
| detection of wild-type aujeszky's disease virus by polymerase chain reaction in sheep vaccinated with a modified live vaccine strain. | an outbreak of aujeszky's disease occurred in a flock of sheep which had been housed together with pigs. after the death of five sheep with clinical signs of aujeszky's disease, the remaining sheep were vaccinated with the bartha vaccine strain, and the pigs were vaccinated with the 783 vaccine strain of aujeszky's disease virus. despite vaccination, however, more sheep died. brain tissues from four sheep were collected for virus isolation and for immunohistological examinations. only vaccine vi ... | 1997 | 9300547 |
| pseudorabies virus glycoprotein l is necessary for virus infectivity but dispensable for virion localization of glycoprotein h. | herpesviruses contain a number of envelope glycoproteins which play important roles in the interaction between virions and target cells. although several glycoproteins are not present in all herpesviruses, others, including glycoproteins h and l (gh and gl), are conserved throughout the herpesviridae. to elucidate common properties and differences in herpesvirus glycoprotein function, corresponding virus mutants must be constructed and analyzed in different herpesvirus backgrounds. analysis of g ... | 1997 | 9311852 |
| the influence of maternal immunity on the transmission of pseudorabies virus and on the effectiveness of vaccination. | the purpose of this study was to investigate whether maternal immunity could prevent transmission of pseudorabies virus (prv) among pigs, and whether it reduced the effectiveness of a single or double vaccination with regard to the transmission of prv. in five experiments, the transmission of prv, expressed as the reproduction ratio r, was compared in groups of pigs with maternal immunity and in groups of pigs without maternal immunity. transmission of prv among unvaccinated pigs with maternal i ... | 1997 | 9139488 |
| isolation and characterization of aujeszky's disease virus in captive brown bears from italy. | an epizootic of aujeszky's disease (pseudorabies) in four captive european brown bears (ursus arctos) in november 1994, in the val di non, trentino region, italy, was linked to consumption of raw pork. affected animals had severe pruritus resulting in self-mutilation, and all four died within 24 hr after onset of clinical signs. aujeszky's disease virus was isolated on first passage from the brain and was characterized by means of restriction endonuclease analysis. based on these data, we believ ... | 1997 | 9249712 |
| biological properties of three mexican isolates of aujeszky's disease virus. | four strains of aujeszky's disease virus (adv) were included in this study; three mexican field isolates (215,145 and c-8) in conjunction with the shope reference strain of adv, which has known pathogenic characteristics. all four strains were included in each treatment, which consisted of heat treatment, trypsin treatment and passed ten times on chicken embryo fibroblasts. both virus titer and plaque size were determined on the first and tenth passage and on treated and untreated strains. on ea ... | 1997 | 9291629 |
| proceedings of the 2nd international symposium on the eradication of aujeszky's disease (pseudorabies) virus and the 2nd international symposium on porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (prrs). copenhagen, denmark, 6-10 august 1995. | 1997 | 9297335 | |
| pseudorabies in captive coyotes. | pseudorabies (aujeszky's disease) was diagnosed in three adult captive coyotes (canis latrans) from southern indiana (usa). the coyotes died in their outdoor enclosure within a 48 hr period. histopathology revealed multifocal, nonsuppurative meningioencephalitis and eosinophilic intranuclear inclusion bodies within neurons. samples of brain were positive for pseudorabies virus by fluorescent antibody testing and virus isolation. source of infection was the probable consumption of pseudorabies vi ... | 1997 | 9391985 |
| protective effect of glycoprotein gc-rich antigen against pseudorabies virus. | a trial vaccine containing pseudorabies virus (prv) glycoprotein gc as the main component showed excellent protection against virulent virus infection in pigs. glycoprotein gc-rich antigen was prepared by heparin affinity chromatography from prv-infected cell lysates. the preparations were mixed with mineral oil adjuvant as a water-in-oil emulsion. six-week-old pigs were immunized twice at two-week intervals with trial vaccines containing 128,000, 12,800 and 1,280 ha units per dose of gc antigen ... | 1997 | 9300361 |
| biologically safe, non-transmissible pseudorabies virus vector vaccine protects pigs against both aujeszky's disease and classical swine fever. | envelope glycoprotein d (gd) of pseudorabies virus (prv) is essential for penetration but is not required for cell-to-cell spread. when animals are inoculated with a phenotypically complemented prv gd mutant, the virus is able to spread locally by means of direct cell-to-cell transmission, but progeny virions released by infected cells are non-infectious because they lack gd. therefore, the virus cannot be transmitted from inoculated animals to other animals. this property makes a prv gd mutant ... | 1997 | 9400982 |
| vaccination strategies for improving the efficacy of programs to eradicate aujeszky's disease virus. | 1997 | 9220597 | |
| study of the delivery of the gd gene of pseudorabies virus to one-day-old piglets by adenovirus or plasmid dna as ways to by-pass the inhibition of immune response by colostral antibodies. | in the present study, it was shown that piglets with maternal antibodies, which had been primed with a replication-defective adenovirus that expresses the pseudorabies virus (prv) glycoprotein gd and boosted with the bartha vaccine strain at 10 weeks of age are equally protected clinically upon a challenge as piglets without maternal antibodies vaccinated with the same approach or with the bartha vaccine strain alone. priming with a plasmid that expresses gd was less efficient. | 1997 | 9220598 |
| evaluation of parenteral vaccination methods with glycoproteins against aujeszky's disease in pigs. | a comparative evaluation of vaccination methods with glycoproteins for the induction of immune responses and protection of the pig against aujeszky's disease virus (adv) was performed. different vaccination routes (intradermal (i.d.) versus intramuscular (i.m.)), inoculation sites (the neck versus the back) and number of inoculation points (2 versus 6) per site were compared. body weight (bw) changes and viral excretion after challenge were compared with virus-neutralizing titers, antigen-specif ... | 1997 | 9220599 |
| effect of maternally acquired aujeszky's disease (pseudorabies) virus-specific antibody in pigs on establishment of latency and seroconversion to differential glycoproteins after low dose challenge. | this study investigated whether (1) passively immune pigs could become latently infected after challenge with low doses of wild type pseudorabies virus (prv) and (2) if seroconversion to prv could be consistently detected using two commercially available differential diagnostic elisas. three litters of piglets with passively acquired prv serum neutralizing (sn) antibody (geometric mean titers 47.03 to 95.10) were challenged at 6 to 12 days of age with 236 to 500 tcid50 of shope strain virus; pig ... | 1997 | 9220600 |
| evaluation of serological tests for the detection of pseudorabies ge antibodies during early infection. | two enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (elisas) and a particle concentration fluorescence immunoassay (pcfia) were compared for their ability to detect antibodies against pseudorabies virus (aujeszky's disease virus) glycoprotein e (ge) in the early stages of infection in pigs previously vaccinated with ge-deleted pseudorabies vaccines. seventy pigs were included in the study. five groups of 6 pigs each were vaccinated with one of 5 different pseudorabies virus (prv) ge-deleted vaccines, and sub ... | 1997 | 9220601 |
| eradication and control programmes against aujeszky's disease (pseudorabies) in france. | in the present paper, an overview is given about aujesky's disease (ad) eradication programmes currently applied in the different departments of france, together with the obtained results. | 1997 | 9220610 |
| immunological characterisation of glycoprotein e of aujeszky's disease virus. | a panel of 14 monoclonal antibodies (mabs) against glycoprotein e (ge) of aujeszky's disease (pseudorabies) virus (adv), which constitutes a representative sample of naturally occurring ge-specific antibodies in sera from infected animals, was produced and characterised. eleven topologically distinct antigenic domains represented by one or more mabs were identified on ge by using these mabs and three additional ge-specific mabs. three of the mabs available recognised conformation-independent epi ... | 1997 | 9381796 |
| aujeszky's disease (pseudorabies) virus eradication campaign in the netherlands. | the dutch aujeszky's disease virus (adv) eradication campaign is based on vaccination with glycoprotein e deleted vaccines. in the first stage of the programme, that was started in september 1993, the transmission of adv must be reduced sharply. subsequently, the remaining sources of virus need to be traced and eliminated. during the final stage, vaccination should be forbidden. this paper summarizes the observations made during a field study on the eradication of adv by vaccination and reports ... | 1997 | 9220611 |
| computer simulation to support policy making in the control of pseudorabies. | a further integration of international markets makes a coordinated policy against contagious animal infections increasingly important. in the future, stricter demands are to be expected concerning the control and eradication of such infections. to anticipate these demands, a computer simulation model is created in which scenarios can be evaluated with respect to epidemiological and economic effects of the infections and control strategies. in this paper, the simulation model is described for pse ... | 1997 | 9220612 |
| pseudorabies virus recombinants expressing functional virulence determinants ge and gi from bovine herpesvirus 1.1. | in the alphaherpesvirinae subfamily, the ge and gi genes are conserved and encode membrane glycoproteins required for efficient pathogenesis (virulence). the molecular mechanism(s) responsible is not well understood, but the existence of similar phenotypes of ge and gi mutations in diverse alphaherpesvirinae implies conservation of function(s). in this report, we describe construction of pseudorabies virus (prv) recombinants that efficiently express the bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv-1) membrane prot ... | 1997 | 9060626 |
| the ge and gi homologs from two alphaherpesviruses have conserved and divergent neuroinvasive properties. | the membrane glycoproteins ge and gi are encoded by pseudorabies virus (prv), a neurotropic, broad-host-range alphaherpesvirus of swine. prv ge and gi are required for anterograde spread to a restricted set of retinorecipient neurons in the brain after infection of the rat retina. a related alphaherpesvirus, encoding ge and gi homologs, is called bovine herpesvirus 1.1 (bhv-1.1). bhv-1.1 is a respiratory pathogen of highly restricted host range and, in contrast to prv, is unable to propagate in ... | 1997 | 9223471 |
| estimating the rate of pseudorabies virus introduction into pig-finishing herds at regional level. | from february to june 1995, 5-12 blood samples were collected in each dutch pig herd and tested for antibodies against pseudorabies virus (prv). the percentage of prv-seropositive pig-finishing herds in three regions with more than 1,000 pigs/km2 (regions 2, 4 and 7) was 6% (region 2), 12% (region 7), and 25% (region 4). the percentage of prv-seropositive pig-finishing herds in five regions with fewer than 1,000 pigs/km2 (regions 1, 3, 5, 6, and 8) was 3% (region 1), 9% (region 3), 6% (region 5) ... | 1997 | 9225421 |
| attenuation of dutpase-deficient pseudorabies virus for the natural host. | pseudorabies virus (prv) is the causative agent of aujeszky's disease which results in significant losses in pig husbandry. recently we identified the gene encoding the deoxyuridine-triphosphatase (dutpase) of prv as the homolog of the ul50 gene of herpes simplex virus type 1. the prv ul50 gene product was characterized and a ul50 negative prv mutant (prv ul50-) was generated by insertion of a lacz expression cassette into the ul50 open reading frame (jöns and mettenleiter, j. virol. 70, 1242-12 ... | 1997 | 9228681 |
| herpesviral abortion in domestic animals. | abortion or neonatal disease may follow infection with several alpha, beta and gamma-herpesviruses. the alpha-herpesvirus, equid herpesvirus-1 (ehv-1), causes single or epizootic abortions or neonatal deaths in equids, and the closely related virus ehv-4 causes sporadic equine abortions. in cattle, the alpha-herpesviruses, bovine herpesvirus-1 (infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus) and bovine herpesvirus-5 (bovine encephalitis virus), and a gamma-herpesvirus, bovine herpesvirus-4, have all be ... | 1997 | 9232116 |
| immunohistologic diagnosis of pseudorabies (aujeszky's disease) using monoclonal antibodies. | 1997 | 9249178 | |
| discrete cleavage patterns of pseudorabies virus immediate early protein (ie180) seen in some cell lines upon extraction after cycloheximide reversal. | pseudorabies virus (prv) encodes for a single and essential immediate early phosphoprotein designated ie180. in this study, ie180 was examined in lysates from various cell lines infected at high multiplicities under cycloheximide inhibition of protein synthesis and subsequent reversal. three distinct protein patterns of ie180 which were cell-specific and dependant on the extraction procedure were revealed. detergent lysates of prv infected mdbk cells yielded almost exclusively wild type ie molec ... | 1997 | 9079763 |
| characterization of pseudorabies virus mutants expressing carboxy-terminal truncations of ge: evidence for envelope incorporation, virulence, and neurotropism domains. | glycoprotein e (ge) gene of pseudorabies virus (prv) is conserved among diverse alphaherpesviruses and therefore is predicted to be important for virus survival. ge contributes to viral spread from cell to cell in a variety of hosts and is responsible, in part, for increased virulence or pathogenesis of the virus. virulence and spread mediated by ge are thought to be highly correlated. we initiated this study to explore the hypothesis that these two phenotypes might reflect separate functions of ... | 1997 | 9261363 |
| lack of virus transmission by the excimer laser plume. | to test the possibility of pathogenic virus transmission into the operating suite during excimer laser treatment of corneal tissue. such treatment vaporizes corneal tissue, which may put the surgeon at risk of infection from human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis virus, or other viruses. we developed a model system to test the possibility of such virus transmission. | 1997 | 9262544 |
| immunohistopathological characterization of pig pneumonia caused by a combined aujeszky's disease virus and actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae infection. | nine pigs were inoculated endobronchially with actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae serotype 1 (app-1) 6 days after infection with aujeszky's disease virus (adv); four died within 3 days and the remainder were killed after 1-6 days. immunohistopathologically, there were two types of pneumonic lesion: pleuropneumonia, characterized by coagulative necrosis, oedema and fibrinous thrombosis; and necrotizing interstitial pneumonia, characterized by bronchitis, bronchiolitis and alveolitis. the former type ... | 1997 | 9263842 |
| field trial to evaluate the immunogenicity of pseudorabies virus vaccines with deletions for glycoproteins g and e. | to evaluate, under field conditions, the immunogenicity of 2 pseudorabies virus (prv) vaccines (each with deletion of the gene for glycoprotein g [gg], and 1 with an additional deletion for glycoprotein e [ge]), particularly in the presence of maternal antibodies, and to investigate the effect of vaccination schedules in overcoming maternal antibody interference with vaccination. | 1997 | 9285001 |
| glycoprotein ge blocking elisas to differentiate between aujeszky's disease-vaccinated and infected animals. | three blocking elisas for the detection of antibodies against glycoprotein e (ge) of aujeszky's disease virus (adv) in sera (an indirect blocking elisa (ge-ielisa), a direct blocking elisa (ge-delisa) and a two-site 'sandwich' blocking elisa (ge-selisa)) have been developed. the ge-elisas are based on monoclonal antibodies (mabs) directed to ge and detect ge-specific antibodies in sera by blocking the binding of mabs to one (in the ge-ielisa and the ge-delisa) or two (in the ge-selisa) epitopes ... | 1997 | 9128865 |
| protection of pigs against aujeszky's disease by dna vaccination. | vaccination with dna constructs encoding viral antigens has been shown to induce antiviral immunity in various model hosts. however, relevant natural virus-host systems have so far been analysed to only a very limited extent. to test the efficacy of dna vaccination in an economically important large animal, pigs were immunized against aujeszky's disease, a serious virus infection caused by the alphaherpesvirus pseudorabies virus (prv), which is characterized by severe central nervous and respira ... | 1997 | 9291999 |
| deletion of glycoprotein gm of pseudorabies virus results in attenuation for the natural host. | glycoprotein m (gm) is one of the very few non-essential glycoproteins conserved throughout the herpesvirus family. despite this conservation little is known about its function in virus replication. to test for the importance of gm in vivo in a natural virus-host system, 6-week-old piglets were intranasally infected with a gm- mutant of the alphaherpesvirus pseudorabies virus (prv). following infection virus excretion from the nasal mucosa was decreased ca. 100-fold compared to wild-type or reve ... | 1997 | 9292000 |
| [detection of the aujeszky disease virus by nested polymerase chain reaction]. | 1997 | 9297101 | |
| interneurons presynaptic to rat tail-flick motoneurons as mapped by transneuronal transport of pseudorabies virus: few have long ascending collaterals. | the method of transneuronal retrograde transport of the bartha strain of the swine alpha-herpes virus, pseudorabies virus, was used to identify putative interneurons presynaptic to motoneurons that supply a tail-flick muscle in the rat. we also investigated whether these interneurons also contribute to ascending somatosensory pathways. two to five days after injection of pseudorabies virus into the left abductor caudae dorsalis muscle, and cholera toxin b into the right somatosensory thalamus an ... | 1997 | 9135057 |
| eradication of aujeszky's disease virus from a swedish pig herd using gi-/tk-vaccine. | an attenuated glycoprotein i-negative (gi-)/thymidine kinase-negative (tk-) constructed vaccine was used to eradicate aujeszky's disease virus from a large farrow-to-finish herd in sweden. the herd had had problems every year for seven years and two attempts to eradicate the virus without vaccination had failed. at the start of the vaccination programme 86 per cent of the 396 breeding animals were seropositive to the virus. in spite of evidence of virus circulation in the fattening units, no fat ... | 1997 | 9172294 |
| immunohistochemical demonstration of the spread of pneumotropic strain 4892 of aujeszky's disease virus in conventional pigs. | sixteen pigs aged 5 to 7 weeks were inoculated intranasally with the pneumotropic strain 4892 of aujeszky's disease virus (adv) in a dose of 2 x 10(5) tcid50. pigs died or were killed on day 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 10, 12, 20 or 30 post-inoculation (pi). two further pigs were kept as negative (uninfected) controls. histopathological examination demonstrated meningoencephalitis, necrotizing rhinitis and multifocal systemic necrosis. viral antigen was detected immunohistochemically, mainly in the central n ... | 1997 | 9179751 |
| successful pseudorabies vaccination in maternally immune piglets using recombinant vaccinia virus vaccines. | three gilts were vaccinated with a nyvac vaccinia recombinant expressing glycoprotein gd of pseudorabies virus (prv) (nyvac/gd). after farrowing, the piglets were allowed to nurse normally to obtain colostral immunity and then were divided into four groups, receiving nyvac/gd, a nyvac recombinant expressing glycoprotein gb of prv (nyvac/gb), an inactivated prv vaccine (iprv), or no vaccine. the piglets were vaccinated twice, three weeks apart beginning at approximately two weeks of age and later ... | 1997 | 9300549 |
| the ul20 gene product of pseudorabies virus functions in virus egress. | the ul20 open reading frame is positionally conserved in different alphaherpesvirus genomes and is predicted to encode an integral membrane protein. a previously described ul20- mutant of herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) exhibited a defect in egress correlating with retention of virions in the perinuclear space (j. d. baines, p. l. ward, g. campadelli-fiume, and b. roizman, j. virol. 65:6414-6424, 1991). to analyze ul20 function in a related but different herpesvirus, we constructed a ul20- p ... | 1997 | 9188641 |
| functional aspects of aujeszky's disease (pseudorabies) viral proteins with relation to invasion, virulence and immunogenicity. | in the present review, the interaction of aujeszky's disease (pseudorabies) virus (adv) with individual susceptible cells and the entire host is presented. special emphasis is put on how viral envelope glycoproteins control invasion and virulence. furthermore, the importance of envelope glycoproteins in the induction of a protective immunity is discussed. | 1997 | 9220592 |
| antiviral activity of an extract from leaves of the tropical plant acanthospermum hispidum. | incubation of the alphaherpesviruses pseudorabiesvirus (prv) and bovine herpesvirus 1 during infection of cell cultures with an extract prepared from the leaves of acanthospermum hispidum impaired productive replication of these viruses in a concentration-dependent manner whereas propagation of classical swine fever virus, foot-and-mouth disease virus and vaccinia virus was not affected. the 50% inhibitory concentration for cell growth (ic50) was 107 +/- 5 microliters/ml, and the concentration r ... | 1997 | 9330761 |
| recent developments in latency and recombination of aujeszky's disease (pseudorabies) virus. | latency is a characteristic and fascinating part of the biology of alphaherpesvirinae, including adv. tissue explanation, blot hybridization, in situ hybridization and more recently pcr are the experimental methods used to demonstrate that latent infections consistently occur in ganglionic neurons and, at a lower level, in tonsillar and possibly other cells. in vivo reactivation of adv, resulting in shedding of virulent adv, has been demonstrated experimentally following administration of high d ... | 1997 | 9220593 |
| antibody-induced and cytoskeleton-mediated redistribution and shedding of viral glycoproteins, expressed on pseudorabies virus-infected cells. | fluorescein isothiocyanate-labeled porcine pseudorabies virus (prv) polyclonal antibodies were added to prv-infected swine kidney cells in vitro at 37 degrees c. in approximately 47% of the infected cells, the addition induced passive patching and subsequent energy- and microtubule-dependent capping of all viral envelope glycoproteins, expressed on the plasma membranes of the infected cells. further contraction and extrusion of the capped viral glycoproteins occurred in approximately 30% of the ... | 1997 | 9343177 |
| characterisation of aujeszky's disease viruses isolated from domestic animals and from a wild boar (sus scrofa) in italy between 1972 and 1995. | following the isolation of a group i aujeszky's disease virus from a wild boar in 1993, an investigation was carried out on 30 italian aujeszky's disease viruses (adv's), isolated over a 23-yr period in 12 italian regions, by means of restriction endonuclease analysis. all strains isolated between 1972 and 1984 belong to group i. from 1984 onwards group ii isolates (ii and ii intermediate) replace group i isolates. the isolation of a group i virus in 1993 from a wild boar supports the hypothesis ... | 1997 | 9355249 |