Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
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| haematological disorders associated with feline retrovirus infections. | feline oncornavirus and lentivirus infections have provided useful models to characterize the virus and host cell factors involved in a variety of marrow suppressive disorders and haematological malignancies. exciting recent progress has been made in the characterization of the viral genotypic features involved in felv-associated diseases. molecular studies have clearly defined the causal role of variant felv env gene determinants in two disorders: the t-lymphocyte cytopathicity and the clinical ... | 1995 | 7663052 |
| induction of accelerated feline immunodeficiency virus disease by acute-phase virus passage. | development of feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) infection in cats as a small animal model for lentiviral immunodeficiency disease has been hampered by the prolonged and variable disease course following experimental infection. to address this issue, we generated high-titer, unselected fiv stocks by pooling plasma from cats acutely infected with a subgroup c fiv isolate designated cabcpadyooc (fiv-c-pgammer). subsequent infection with this virus pool resulted in rapidly progressive, fatal dise ... | 1995 | 7666517 |
| quantification of lymphadenopathy in experimentally induced feline immunodeficiency virus infection in domestic cats. | nine cats experimentally infected with feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) and six fiv-negative cats were necropsied to assess the effect of fiv infection on lymph nodes. the fiv infected cats were inoculated with 10(5) tcid50 21-22 weeks previously. the combined weights of all lymph nodes and the combined lymph node to organ weight ratios were significantly greater in fiv-infected cats when compared to uninfected cats. additionally, by examining all nodes in the body, a regionally severe lympha ... | 1995 | 7618259 |
| induction of feline acquired immune deficiency syndrome by feline leukemia virus: alteration in response to hormones in the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal system. | male kittens who were infected with the feline leukemia virus (felv) were found at various times after exposure to contain a sequence of dysfunction in their hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (hpg) system. to understand whether the involved endocrine glands in this system were damaged by felv, the hypothalamus, pituitary, and testes were tested for hormonal responsiveness in vivo and in vitro. the infected cats were administered with luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (lhrh) and human chorionic ... | 1995 | 7700890 |
| feline immunodeficiency virus: an interesting model for aids studies and an important cat pathogen. | the lentivirus feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) is a widespread pathogen of the domestic cat that is mainly transmitted through bites, although other means of transmission are also possible. its prevalence ranges from 1 to 10% in different cat populations throughout the world, thus representing a large reservoir of naturally infected animals. fiv resembles the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) in many respects. similarities include the structural features of the virion, the general organizat ... | 1995 | 7704896 |
| nucleotide sequence of feline immunodeficiency virus: classification of japanese isolates into two subtypes which are distinct from non-japanese subtypes. | seven isolates of feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv), shizuoka, yokohama, sendai-1, sendai-2, fukuoka, aomori-1, and aomori-2, were isolated from fiv-seropositive domestic cats in japan, and their proviral dnas were amplified by pcr. the nucleotide sequences of their env and gag genes were determined and compared with those of previously described isolates: u.s. and european isolates and one japanese isolate, tm2. phylogenetic analyses of complete env gene sequences demonstrate that worldwide i ... | 1995 | 7745712 |
| reduced provirus burden and enhanced humoral immune function in azt-treated scid-feline mice inoculated with feline immunodeficiency virus. | the lack of a safe, economical murine lentivirus model for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1) infection of humans has hampered the preclinical evaluation of potential antiviral compounds, vaccines, and biological response modifiers. a small animal model that does not employ hiv-1 is needed to minimize risk of accidental human exposure, enhance efficient use of scarce experimental compounds, and reduce laboratory space necessary to conduct statistically significant in vivo trials. feline ... | 1995 | 7618256 |
| tumor necrosis factor-alpha responses are depressed and interleukin-6 responses unaltered in feline immunodeficiency virus infected cats. | feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv), a lentivirus similar to hiv, causes an acquired immunodeficiency syndrome in cats. similar to human immunodeficiency virus (hiv), the pathogenesis of fiv is associated with dysregulation of the cytokine network. while alterations in tumor necrosis factor-alpha (tnf-alpha) and interleukin-6 (il-6) expression have been reported in hiv-infected patients, changes attributable to hiv and those caused by cofactors such as secondary infections cannot always be readi ... | 1995 | 7618260 |
| serological diagnosis of feline immunodeficiency virus infection using recombinant transmembrane glycoprotein. | we developed an antibody detection enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) using recombinant surface (su), transmembrane (tm) and capsid (ca) antigens of feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) expressed in escherichia coli. the three antigens were tested with sera collected from experimentally infected cats in order to follow the course of seroconversion and of the antibody levels throughout the infection. an early and marked increase of tm antibodies was observed. antibodies to tm were demonstra ... | 1995 | 7618262 |
| immunization trial of cats with a replication-defective adenovirus type 5 expressing the env gene of feline immunodeficiency virus. | our aim was to develop a recombinant replication-defective adenovirus suitable for the vaccination of cats against feline immunodeficiency virus. we first demonstrated that this vector was able to transfer a marker gene (e. coli beta-galactosidase) in feline cells in vitro. we then constructed an adenovirus type 5 expressing the feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) envelope (env) gene of the wo isolate in the absence of the rev gene (ad-env-wo). ad-env-wo was then tested in four cats in a 3 injec ... | 1995 | 7483252 |
| bartonella henselae prevalence in domestic cats in california: risk factors and association between bacteremia and antibody titers. | the isolation of bartonella henselae, the agent of cat scratch disease, from the blood of naturally infected domestic cats and the demonstration that cats remain bacteremic for several months suggest that cats play a major role as a reservoir for this bacterium. a convenience sample of 205 cats from northern california was selected between 1992 and 1994 to evaluate the b. henselae antibody and bacteremia prevalences and to determine the risk factors and associations between bacteremia and antibo ... | 1995 | 7494043 |
| isolation of a highly cytopathic lentivirus from a nondomestic cat. | a feline immunodeficiency virus-like virus (fiv-oma) isolated from a pallas' cat (otocolobus manul) is highly cytopathic in crfk cells, in contrast to the chronic, noncytolytic infection established by an fiv isolate from a domestic cat (fiv-fca). the virions have typical lentivirus morphology, density, and magnesium-dependent reverse transcriptase activity. the major core protein is antigenically cross-reactive with that of fiv-fca; however, fiv-oma transcripts do not cross-hybridize with fiv-f ... | 1995 | 7474172 |
| temporal patterns of feline immunodeficiency virus transcripts in peripheral blood cells during the latent stage of infection. | we have investigated the in vivo state of feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) transcription in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmc) of chronically fiv-infected, asymptomatic cats. fiv was detected in a high percentage of pbmc but not in the plasma of these cats. by quantitative reverse transcription-pcr (rt-pcr) analysis. fiv transcriptional status in the pbmc was characterized by extremely low or undetectable levels of unspliced or singly spliced mrnas and predominantly multiply spliced mr ... | 1995 | 7561756 |
| analysis of leucocytes and lymphocyte subsets in cats with naturally-occurring cryptococcosis but differing feline immunodeficiency virus status. | although cryptococcosis is a well-characterised disease of cats, the factors predisposing individuals to infection are unknown. as an indication of the immune status of an individual, lymphocyte subsets can be analysed. reference ranges for feline lymphocyte subsets (pan t+, cd4+, cd8+ and b cells) were established using a rapid whole blood technique and flow cytometry. there were no effects of age or sex on lymphocyte subset values. the numbers of circulating leucocytes and lymphocyte subsets w ... | 1995 | 7611989 |
| detection of feline immunodeficiency virus in semen from seropositive domestic cats (felis catus). | electroejaculates from experimentally infected domestic cats were evaluated for the presence of feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv). virus was isolated from cell-free seminal plasma and seminal cells by cocultivation with a feline interleukin-2-dependent cd4+ t-cell line, in which productive infection was demonstrated by syncytium formation and fiv gag p26 antigen secretion. in addition, an 868-bp segment of the fiv gag provirus gene was identified in cocultured cells by pcr and southern analysi ... | 1995 | 7474164 |
| population dynamics of feline immunodeficiency virus within cat populations. | a deterministic model was constructed for studying the circulation of feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv), a feline retrovirus homologous to human immunodeficiency virus (hiv), within populations of domestic cats. the model has been tested with data generated by a long-term study of several natural cat populations. simulations and a study of stability show that once introduced, the retrovirus is maintained within the population, with a stable equilibrium stage reached by both numbers of suscepti ... | 1995 | 7475091 |
| dehydroepiandrosterone inhibits replication of feline immunodeficiency virus in chronically infected cells. | dehydroepiandrosterone (dhea) is a steroid hormone produced by the adrenal cortex that serves as an intermediary in sex steroid synthesis. dhea is produced in abundance by humans and most other warm-blooded animals. based upon previous reports demonstrating the antiviral and immunostimulatory activities of dhea and dhea-sulfate (dheas) we sought to determine whether introduction of these compounds would affect replication of feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) in chronically infected cells. when ... | 1995 | 7542411 |
| evidence of feline immunodeficiency virus replication in cultured kupffer cells. | to determine if cultured feline kupffer cells (kc) are as permissive for feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) as cultured human liver macrophages are for hiv. two types of infection likely to be relevant to the in vivo situation were used. kc were infected with either free virus or autologous infected peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmc). | 1995 | 7543759 |
| development of monoclonal antibodies and capture immunoassays for feline immunodeficiency virus. | we generated monoclonal antibodies (mab) against feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) and characterized these mab by single competition enzyme immunoassays (eia), immunoblot analysis, and radioimmunoprecipitation. four mab identified 3 distinct epitopes of the fiv p24/26 gag major core protein. one mab recognized the p16/17 gag protein; none recognized envelope proteins. we developed an fiv p26 antigen capture eia that proved more sensitive (0.5 ng of p26/ml), less expensive, and less time-consum ... | 1995 | 7544555 |
| quantification of feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) proviral dna in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of cats infected with japanese strains of fiv. | the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) method was applied for measurement of the proviral dna copy number of feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmc) of cats experimentally and naturally infected with fiv. in experimentally infected cats except one cat infected with the petaluma strain, fiv-specific dnas were efficiently amplified with the pcr method under the conditions used in this study. in the naturally fiv-infected cats, the specific dnas were also ampli ... | 1995 | 7548402 |
| feline lentivirus infection in nondomestic felids. | human immunodeficiency virus and feline immunodeficiency virus are both lentiviruses that cause immunosuppressive disease. similarities between these diseases have promoted the study of feline immunodeficiency virus as a model for human immunodeficiency virus. not only have lentiviruses been found in domestic cats but they have been found in nondomestic felids as well. florida panthers, african lions, and other nondomestic felids have been found to have antibodies directed against lentiviruses a ... | 1995 | 8820600 |
| caring for the retrovirus infected cat. | no commercial vaccine [correction of vacine] exists for feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv), and although feline leukemia virus (felv) vaccines are available, they are neither 100% effective nor used in all cats. these realities clearly indicate the veterinarian will be required to treat either felv- or fiv-positive cats for some time to come. the management of fiv- or felv-positive cats may require supportive therapies as well as virus-specific therapies such as zidovudine (azt; retrovir, burro ... | 1995 | 8820595 |
| hematologic abnormalities associated with retroviral infections in the cat. | feline patients with unexplained peripheral blood cytopenias, circulating immature or neoplastic cells, dysplastic or dysmorphic bone marrow abnormalities, and/or lymphoid tumors are likely suffering from an underlying retroviral infection with feline leukemia virus (felv) and/or feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv). cytopenic hematologic disorders are often caused by the direct or indirect hematosuppressive effects of these retroviruses. alternatively, secondary infections, nutritional deficienc ... | 1995 | 8820596 |
| coadaptation and immunodeficiency virus: lessons from the felidae. | the emergence of pathogenic viruses in new species offers an unusual opportunity to monitor the coadaptation of viruses and their hosts in a dynamic ongoing process of intense biological selection. tracking lentivirus epidemics in man, monkeys and cats reveals genomic struggles at three levels: quasispecies divergence within an individual; coadaptation of virus and host genomes subsequent to disease outbreaks; and transmission, spread and pathogenesis in related host species. aspects of each lev ... | 1995 | 8745072 |
| [findings in the eyes of serologically fiv (feline immunodeficiency virus) positive cats]. | the findings in the eyes of 19 serologically fiv-positive cats in the terminal stage of the disease were compared to those in 23 serologically fiv-negative cats. an inflammation of iris and ciliary body was more common in the fiv-group than in the other cats and could be seen in 16 out of 19 serologically fiv-positive cats. in most cases a diffuse infiltration of both lymphocytes and plasma cells could be observed. there were only few signs of acute inflammation in the posterior segment. degener ... | 1995 | 8591769 |
| molecular interactions between retroviruses and herpesviruses. | human and animal herpesviruses are able to stimulate gene expression of various human and animal retroviruses and the activation appears to be a common theme. it is of interest why the retroviruses can be commonly activated by herpesviruses despite clear diversities in each mechanism for retrovirus gene expression. in this review, three typical examples of the interactions; human immunodeficiency virus and human herpesviruses, avian retroviruses and marek's disease virus, and feline immunodefici ... | 1995 | 8593284 |
| maintenance of high virus load even after seroconversion in newborn cats acutely infected with feline immunodeficiency virus. | the viral loads in adult and newborn cats have been compared following injection with feline cd4+ fel-039 line cells acutely infected with feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv). the level of virus genome in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmc) increased progressively despite seroconversion in the newborn cats, whereas the virus genome was apparently cleared after seroconversion in the adult cats. immunohistochemical staining of thymus of the fiv-infected newborn cats showed clusters of viral ... | 1995 | 8578815 |
| variable expression of major histocompatibility complex class ii in the domestic cat. | this paper describes the characterisation of six independently produced monoclonal antibodies (mabs) specific for non-polymorphic determinants of feline major histocompatibility complex (mhc) class ii. one mab is an anti-sheep class ii which cross-reacts with the cat and five have been produced in response to immunisation with purified feline immunodeficiency virus. despite their independent source all the mabs have identical reactivities, immunoprecipitating two complex groups of polypeptides o ... | 1995 | 8588090 |
| systemic diseases with cutaneous manifestations. | the purpose of this article is to briefly discuss the following cutaneous manifestations of selected systemic diseases: poxvirus; feline leukemia virus (felv); feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv); herpesvirus; calcivirus; pseudorabies; plague; tularemia; toxoplasmosis; leishmania; hypothyroidism; hyperthyroidism; hyperadrenocorticism; diabetes mellitus; acromegaly; thallium poisoning; pancreatic disease; hypereosinophilic syndrome; mucopolysaccharidosis; and pansteatitis. recognition of these cu ... | 1995 | 8525575 |
| hiv and pet ownership. | the centers for disease control and prevention (cdc) states that there is no evidence that dogs, cats or non-primate animals can contract the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) or transmit it to human beings. when the immune system is suppressed through disease, age, or medical treatments, a person becomes more vulnerable to infections. pets are wonderful support (paws) has developed guidelines for having pets. proper pet selection, proper pet care and good personal hygiene of the owner can elim ... | 1995 | 11362398 |
| humoral immunity in cats infected with feline immunodeficiency virus or leukaemia virus. | the humoral antibody responses of 82 domestic cats to the common commensal bacteria pasteurella multocida and staphylococcus aureus were measured by an indirect immunofluorescence assay to give a subjective quantification of specific igg in serum. there was no significant difference in specific serum igg levels between sick cats which tested antibody-positive to feline immunodeficiency virus or antigen-positive to feline leukaemia virus and sick, virus-negative cats. this finding suggested that ... | 1994 | 16031766 |
| polyclonal b-cell activation in cats infected with feline immunodeficiency virus. | the specificity of the antibody response following natural or experimental infection of domestic cats with feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) was examined. the antibody response to a range of non-viral antigens, including trinitrophenol (tnp), ovalbumin, beta-galactosidase, deoxyribonucleic acid (dna) and keyhole limpet haemocyanin (klh), was measured in 220 cats naturally infected with fiv. infected cats had higher antibody levels to these antigens, in particular tnp, klh and beta-galactosidas ... | 1994 | 7518798 |
| growth properties of a feline immunodeficiency virus mutant which lacks an ap-1 binding site in primary peripheral blood mononuclear cells. | thirty-one base pairs (bp) containing putative ap-1 and ap-4 binding sequences in the u3 region of feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) long terminal repeat (ltr) were deleted from an infectious molecular clone of fiv for construction of a mutant virus, and the replication rate and the cytopathogenic activity of the virus were compared with those of the wild type virus in concanavalin-a (con-a) stimulated primary feline peripheral blood mononuclear cells (fpbmcs). it was found that the replicatio ... | 1994 | 7532437 |
| fiv and hiv vaccines--problems and prospects. | 1994 | 8025838 | |
| cis- and trans-regulation of feline immunodeficiency virus: identification of functional binding sites in the long terminal repeat. | nuclear protein binding sites in the long terminal repeat (ltr) of feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) were identified by the method of dnase i footprinting. using nuclear protein extracts from a feline t lymphoma cell line, several discrete footprints were generated upstream of the transcriptional initiation site (-50 to -150). the specificity of protein binding was examined by competition with oligonucleotides representing consensus dna binding sites for known transcription factors. binding to ... | 1994 | 8126451 |
| feline immunodeficiency virus can productively infect cultured endothelial cells from cat brain microvessels. | feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) provokes a disease in cats characterized by histopathological lesions similar to those observed in aids patients. in order to determine whether endothelial cells from brain microvessels are involved in the central nervous system disease to the same extent as macrophages and microglia, cells were isolated from healthy cat brains, cultured and infected in vitro with the fiv villefranche iffa 1/88 strain. the isolated cells displayed typical endothelial cell ultr ... | 1994 | 7996160 |
| effect of 3'azido-2',3'-deoxythymidine (azt) on experimental feline immunodeficiency virus infection in domestic cats. | the compound 3'azido-2',3'-deoxythymidine (azt) inhibits the replication of feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) in cell culture, and treatment with the compound has been reported to induce some clinical improvement in some cases of feline fiv infection. in order to determine the effect of prophylactic treatment with azt on experimental fiv infection, cats were treated with the compound at 0.2, 1.0, 5, 25 or 50 mg kg-1 day-1 for 29 days. one day after the treatment was started, they were inoculat ... | 1994 | 7817010 |
| hemostatic disorders in feline immunodeficiency virus-seropositive cats. | the hemostatic function of 40 feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) seropositive and 8 fiv and feline leukemia virus (felv) seropositive cats was evaluated and compared with reference values from 30 clinically healthy cats. the fiv-positive cats were divided into 3 groups: group i included asymptomatic carriers; group ii comprised sick fiv-infected cats with illnesses not likely to influence the hemostatic system; and group iii included fiv-positive cats with diseases potentially associated with c ... | 1994 | 7837113 |
| gag- and env-specific serum antibodies in cats after natural and experimental infection with feline immunodeficiency virus. | in order to monitor the antibody response to feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) in cats, following experimental and natural infection, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (elisas) were developed using recombinant env and gag proteins and p24-specific monoclonal antibodies. it was shown that in experimentally infected cats an env protein-specific antibody response was directly followed by a gag protein-specific response. furthermore, an elisa for the detection of env protein-specific serum antibo ... | 1994 | 8203121 |
| serum neutralization of feline immunodeficiency virus is markedly dependent on passage history of the virus and host system. | sera from feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv)-infected cats exhibited extremely low levels of neutralizing antibodies against virus passaged a few times in vitro (low passage), when residual infectivity was assayed in the cd3+ cd4- cd8- mbm lymphoid cell line or mitogen-activated peripheral blood mononuclear cells. by sharp contrast, elevated titers of highly efficient neutralizing activity against fiv were measured, by use of high-passage virus, in assays on either the fibroblastoid crfk or mbm ... | 1994 | 8207831 |
| feline immunodeficiency virus infection of macrophages: in vitro and in vivo inhibition by dideoxycytidine-5'-triphosphate-loaded erythrocytes. | although hiv-1 and other mammalian lentiviruses infect macrophages, they are not cytopathic. consequently, these infected long-lived cells serve as major virus reservoirs with a key role in the propagation of the virus throughout the body as well as in the pathogenesis of aids. furthermore, well-differentiated macrophages possess low abilities to phosphorylate the most common reverse transcriptase inhibitors of the nucleoside analog family. in an attempt to overcome these problems we have evalua ... | 1994 | 7826702 |
| pathological findings in a cat with cryptococcosis and feline immunodeficiency virus infection. | this report describes the gross, histopathological, immunocytochemical and electron microscopic findings in a cat with systemic cryptococcosis and feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) infection. lymphadenopathy and cloudiness of leptomeninges were the major gross findings. numerous cryptococcal yeasts were found in lymph nodes, brain, and lung, and were less common in the kidney and the eye. the inflammatory reaction varied in intensity and cell type (mononuclear through granulomatous) depending ... | 1994 | 8075490 |
| development of clinical disease in cats experimentally infected with feline immunodeficiency virus. | cats naturally infected with feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) develop an aids-like syndrome whereas experimentally infected cats do not. to investigate the role of cofactors in the development of this disease in cats, 7 specific pathogen-free (spf) and 12 random-source (rs) cats were infected with fiv. over 4 years, infected cats developed similar phenotypic and functional immune abnormalities characterized by early and chronic inversion of cd4+:cd8+ cell ratios and significantly decreased mi ... | 1994 | 8077711 |
| feline immunodeficiency virus decreases cell-cell communication and mitochondrial membrane potential. | the in vitro effects of viral replication on mitochondrial membrane potential (mmp) and gap junctional intercellular communication (gjic) were evaluated as two parameters of potential cellular injury. two distinct cell types were infected with the petaluma strain of feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv). primary astroglia supported acute fiv infection, resulting in syncytia within 3 days of infection, whereas immortalized crandell feline kidney (crfk) cells of epithelial origin supported persisten ... | 1994 | 8084006 |
| nucleotide sequence and characterization of the feline herpesvirus type 1 immediate early gene. | we report the nucleotide sequence of feline herpesvirus type 1 (fhv-1) immediate early (ie) gene encoding a homologue to the icp4 protein of herpes simplex virus type 1 and its flanking sequences. when we examined the regulatory function of the fhv-1 ie gene product by using the transient transfection assay with an effector plasmid expressing the fhv-1 ie gene in combination with chimeric various promoter-chloramphenicol acetyltransferase reporter constructs, the product was able to transactivat ... | 1994 | 8091674 |
| nucleotide sequence analysis of puma lentivirus (plv-14): genomic organization and relationship to other lentiviruses. | the complete nucleotide sequence of an isolate of puma lentivirus (plv-14) was obtained by an inverse polymerase chain reaction (i-pcr) technique and confirmed by conventional pcr. both methods were used to amplify overlapping regions of proviral dna, for cloning and sequencing, from genomic dna isolated from plv-14 infected florida puma (felis concolor coryi) peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmc). the provirus has a total length of 9100 nucleotides and the genomic organization of presumed p ... | 1994 | 8030248 |
| evaluation of in vivo and in vitro interactions of feline immunodeficiency virus and feline leukemia virus. | to determine the potential mechanisms for disease potentiation where feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) infection of persistently feline leukemia virus (felv)-infected cats results in more severe fiv disease and increased mortality than fiv infection of specific pathogen-free cats. | 1994 | 7946095 |
| comparison of fibrosarcomas that developed at vaccination sites and at nonvaccination sites in cats: 239 cases (1991-1992). | questionnaires were sent to veterinarians who had submitted a fibrosarcoma from a cat to the surgical pathology services of the veterinary schools of the university of pennsylvania and tufts university between jan 1, 1991 and june 30, 1992. questionnaire items included signalment, felv and feline immunodeficiency virus status, site of sarcoma, vaccination site, vaccines used, treatment, biologic behavior of the tumor, and final outcome. data were analyzed, using student's t-test for continuous d ... | 1994 | 7698923 |
| sleep patterns are disturbed in cats infected with feline immunodeficiency virus. | human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-related sleep disturbances have been reported early in aids. likewise, the feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv), a natural lentivirus pathogen of cats, produces a similar immunodeficiency syndrome with neurological sequelae. to identify the neurophysiological substrate of fiv infection in brain, pathogen-free cats were infected with the maryland strain of fiv. eight weeks after inoculation, all fiv-infected cats seroconverted and virus was detected in the cerebr ... | 1994 | 7809152 |
| autologous red cell agglutination test for antibodies to feline immunodeficiency virus. | the t-lymphotropic lentivirus, feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) is now recognised as a major viral pathogen affecting domestic cat populations worldwide. a rapid, autologous red cell agglutination test for antibodies to fiv has been developed. a synthetic peptide analog corresponding to the immunodominant epitope within the fiv transmembrane glycoprotein gp40 residues (680-715) kveamekflytafamqelgc (acm)nqnqffk(brac)kiplelwtr was conjugated to an anti-feline erythrocyte antibody using a thio- ... | 1994 | 7810059 |
| rapid phenotypic reversion of zidovudine-resistant feline immunodeficiency virus without loss of drug-resistant reverse transcriptase. | we have selected and plaque purified zidovudine (3'-azido-3'-deoxythymidine [azt])-resistant mutants from an infectious molecular clone of feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv). the patterns of cross-resistance and drug susceptibilities of these mutants were similar to those of the azt-resistant fiv that we previously selected in vitro from a wild-type fiv population and to those of the most common azt-resistant clinical isolates of human immunodeficiency virus type 1. two azt-resistant mutants of ... | 1994 | 7507182 |
| ultrasensitive retrovirus detection by a reverse transcriptase assay based on product enhancement. | reverse transcriptase (rt) is an indispensable component of infectious retroviruses. we have developed an ultrasensitive rt test in which rna of bacteriophage ms2 serves as the template for rt-mediated cdna synthesis. a fragment of the cdna is selectively amplified by polymerase chain reaction and the amplification product is analyzed by southern blot hybridization or enzyme immunoassay. the procedure was 10(6) to 10(7) times more sensitive than a conventional rt test and detected as little as 1 ... | 1994 | 7509077 |
| detection of feline immunodeficiency virus p24 antigen and p24-specific antibodies by monoclonal antibody-based assays. | a panel of monoclonal antibodies (mabs) detecting distinct b-cell epitopes on p24 core viral protein of feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) were employed to develop immunoassays to measure p24 concentration in culture and serum samples, to localize p24 in fiv-infected cells and tissues, and to detect anti-p24 antibodies in cat sera. in its optimized configuration the p24 capture assay detected as little as 0.25 ng/ml of protein. the assay was found at least as sensitive as the reverse transcript ... | 1994 | 7516344 |
| serologic survey and serum biochemical reference ranges of the free-ranging mountain lion (felis concolor) in california. | serum samples from 58 mountain lions (felis concolor) in california (usa) were collected between april 1987 and february 1990. nineteen serum samples were used for serum biochemistry determinations; the ranges were similar to reference values in domestic cats, captive exotic felidae and free-ranging mountain lions. a serological survey was conducted to determine whether antibodies were present against selected infectious agents. fifty-four (93%) of 58 sera had antibodies against feline panleukop ... | 1994 | 8028105 |
| susceptibility in cell culture of feline immunodeficiency virus to eighteen antiviral agents. | the in-vitro susceptibilities of two strains of feline immunodeficiency virus to 18 antiviral agents were determined in two cell lines. in terms of inhibiting p24 antigen production, the nucleoside-analogue reverse transcriptase inhibitors were the most effective compounds. inhibition was also observed with aurintricarboxylic acid, phosphonoformate and butyldeoxynorjirimycin, but not with the other agents tested. | 1994 | 7532645 |
| superinfection of cats with feline immunodeficiency virus subtypes a and b. | the ability of feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) isolates from subtypes a and b to superinfect cats and cell cultures was tested. three specific pathogen-free (spf) cats were first inoculated with 10 id50 of subtype b virus (fivbang) and 30 weeks later inoculated with 100 id50 of subtype a virus (fivpet). on the basis of subtype-specific pcr analysis, both fiv subtypes were detected in the peripheral blood lymphocytes (pbls) of two of three cats from 9 to 30 weeks following the second inoculat ... | 1994 | 7888234 |
| analysis of the vif gene of feline immunodeficiency virus. | we have examined fiv vif function in the context of molecular clone pf34 (genbank accession no. m25729). rabbit antisera directed against the translation product of the vif gene identified a 29-kda protein in tissue culture cells infected with fiv-pf34; this protein was not present in cultures of uninfected cells. thus, the vif gene of this virus strain is expressed in infected cells. three mutations were made in distinct regions of the vif gene of molecular clone fiv-pf34: (i) deletion of 223 b ... | 1994 | 7941360 |
| [epidemiology of felv and fiv infection in the federal republic of germany]. | in a nationwide study 6101 cats were tested for presence of feline leukemia virus (felv) antigen and for feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) antibodies utilizing enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (elisa). 21.8% of the german cat population may be felv- and/or fiv-positive. of the animals tested, 13.4% were found to be felv carriers, while 8.4% showed evidence of fiv infection. infection with both viruses was identified in 2.1% of the cats tested. of the animals showing clinical symptoms, nearly ... | 1994 | 8048038 |
| a lion lentivirus related to feline immunodeficiency virus: epidemiologic and phylogenetic aspects. | feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) is a novel lentivirus that is genetically homologous and functionally analogous to the human aids viruses, human immunodeficiency virus types 1 and 2. fiv causes immunosuppression in domestic cats by destroying the cd4 t-lymphocyte subsets in infected hosts. a serological survey of over 400 free-ranging african and asian lions (panthera leo) for antibodies to fiv revealed endemic lentivirus prevalence with an incidence of seropositivity as high as 90%. a lion ... | 1994 | 8057472 |
| histopathology and viral antigen distribution in lymph nodes of cats naturally infected with feline immunodeficiency virus. | lymph nodes from cats with natural feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) infection were examined histopathologically for characterization of lesions in the symptomatic and terminal stages. the localization of viral antigen was also studied in the nodes by immunohistochemistry using a monoclonal antibody to fiv p24. in a node of persistent generalized lymphadenopathy stage, follicular hyperplasia was prominent and the viral antigen was demonstrated predominantly in the follicular lymphocytes and ti ... | 1994 | 7948383 |
| early haematological and pathological abnormalities of pathogen-free cats experimentally infected with feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv). | twelve 8-12-week-old specific-pathogen-free (spf) cats were inoculated intraperitoneally with feline immunodeficiency virus, or with blood from inoculated cats. three cats of the same age were used as controls. all animals were sacrificed 10 weeks after inoculation. the inoculated cats seroconverted between the 3rd and 6th weeks after inoculation. for 6 infected cats, a decrease in the cd4/cd8 lymphocyte ratio was observed as early as the 6th to the 10th week after inoculation. granular lymphocy ... | 1994 | 7889036 |
| identification of three feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) env gene subtypes and comparison of the fiv and human immunodeficiency virus type 1 evolutionary patterns. | feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) is a lentivirus associated with aids-like illnesses in cats. as such, fiv appears to be a feline analog of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv). a hallmark of hiv infection is the large degree of viral genetic diversity that can develop within an infected individual and the even greater and continually increasing level of diversity among virus isolates from different individuals. our goal in this study was to determine patterns of fiv genetic diversity by focusi ... | 1994 | 8139008 |
| feline immunodeficiency virus can be experimentally transmitted via milk during acute maternal infection. | postnatal transmission of feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) in neonates nursed by acutely infected mothers and infection resulting from oral inoculation of kittens with fiv were evaluated. ten of 16 kittens nursed by four queens with fiv infection established immediately postpartum developed fiv infection. five of 11 neonates orally administered cell-free fiv culture supernatant developed fiv infection. kittens that developed fiv infection had greater proportions of cd4+ and pan-t+ lymphocytes ... | 1994 | 8151797 |
| neurological abnormalities associated with feline immunodeficiency virus infection. | specific pathogen-free cats were infected with the maryland strain of fiv (fiv-md) for the purpose of assessing the effects of fiv infection on the central nervous system (cns). two separate studies were performed, involving a total of 13 infected cats and six age-matched, sham-inoculated controls. all animals infected with fiv-md seroconverted by 8 weeks post-infection and virus was recovered from peripheral blood mononuclear cells of all infected cats. all of the infected animals had lower abs ... | 1994 | 8176384 |
| malignant lymphoma associated with experimentally induced feline immunodeficiency virus infection. | a malignant low-grade b-cell lymphoma, primarily in the kidney, is described in a specific-pathogen-free cat experimentally infected with feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) and free of feline leukaemia virus. at the time of diagnosis the cat showed a marked reduction of circulating cd4+ t lymphocytes, was 2 years old, and had been infected for 18 months. fiv was isolated both from peripheral blood mononuclear cells and the neoplastic tissue. dna of fiv gag gene was detected in several specimens ... | 1994 | 7914523 |
| inhibition of feline immunodeficiency virus gene expression and replication by alphaherpesvirus icp4 homologues. | we investigated the effects of pseudorabies virus (prv), herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1), and equine herpesvirus type 1 (ehv-1) icp4 homologues on feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) long terminal repeat (ltr)-directed gene expression. this was done by using the transient expression chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (cat) assay in crandell feline kidney (crfk) and felis catus whole fetus 4 cells transfected with a chimeric fiv ltr-cat reporter construct in combination with effector plasmids ... | 1994 | 7931167 |
| the detection and quantification of feline immunodeficiency provirus in peripheral blood mononuclear cells using the polymerase chain reaction. | the polymerase chain reaction method (pcr) was used to detect feline immunodeficiency virus proviral dna in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmc) of a group of 8 experimentally infected cats. the proportion of pbmc containing provirus was determined from 6 to 32 weeks post inoculation (p.i.) by performing pcr on serially diluted samples of pbmc. primers from the p15 and p24 regions of the gag gene were used and southern hybridization using an end-labelled probe was required to confirm primer ... | 1993 | 8128595 |
| clinical and laboratory findings in chronic conjunctivitis in cats: 91 cases (1983-1991). | clinical findings and laboratory test results from 91 cats with chronic conjunctivitis were studied to determine the causes of the disease and the sensitivity of diagnostic procedures used, and to identify correlations between results of various diagnostic procedures and clinical or signalment variations. mean age of affected cats was 2.9 +/- 2.7 years (+/- sd), with a range from 1 month to 11 years. conjunctivitis was more likely to be bilateral (56 cats) than unilateral (35 cats). in cats test ... | 1993 | 8226238 |
| extensive sequence variation of feline immunodeficiency virus env genes in isolates from naturally infected cats. | in an investigation of the evolution of feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) in vivo, sequential isolates from a persistently infected cat were examined by direct sequencing following amplification of selected subgenomic regions by polymerase chain reaction (pcr). three isolates, t90, t91, and t92, obtained over a three-year period revealed no changes to regions known to be conserved within gag and pol genes. additionally, no change occurred within gag and pol in an isolate recovered from a secon ... | 1993 | 8240017 |
| delayed hypersensitivity testing as a clinical measure of cell-mediated immunity in the cat. | the purposes of this study were to examine the cell-mediated immune response of the normal cat to the modified live feline viral rhinitis, calicivirus, and parvovirus (fvrcp) vaccine (felocell cvr, norden, lincoln, ne), and to evaluate the intradermal skin test as a clinical measure of the immune response of cats. vaccine and diluent were injected intradermally on the dorsal pinna of 34 normal adult cats. skin thickness measurements, lymphocyte counts, and concanavalin a mitogenesis indices were ... | 1993 | 8256439 |
| renal involvement in feline immunodeficiency virus infection: a clinicopathological study. | renal tissues from 15 cats naturally infected with feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) were examined histologically, immunohistochemically and ultrastructurally. renal function and urinary proteins were also studied. kidney abnormalities were found in 12 cats and were characterized by mesangial widening with segmental to diffuse glomerulosclerosis and presence of igm and c3, and scanty igg deposits in the mesangium. tubulointerstitial lesions were also present. in 6 cats the lesions were severe ... | 1993 | 8321363 |
| current thoughts on feline immunodeficiency virus infection. | the feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) is a novel feline retrovirus of the lentivirus subfamily that is known to induce immunodeficiency disorders in experimentally and naturally infected cats. recent studies have characterized the stages of infection and specific immune deficits associated with fiv infection. host cell populations harboring the virus have been better elucidated. molecular cloning and nucleotide sequence analysis of the genomes of several isolates of fiv indicate sequence varia ... | 1993 | 8380656 |
| post-translational processing of the feline immunodeficiency virus envelope precursor protein. | the synthesis and processing of the envelope glycoprotein precursor of the feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) isolate fiv-ut113 was investigated in a persistently infected crandell feline kidney cell line (crfk) and in an eukaryotic expression system. pulse-chase studies showed two glycoproteins after a 5 min pulse-labeling: a gp150 and a gp130 species. during a 30-min chase the gp150 species disappeared almost completely while gp130 increased proportionally; it was subsequently processed into ... | 1993 | 8382405 |
| feline cd4 molecules expressed on feline non-lymphoid cell lines are not enough for productive infection of highly lymphotropic feline immunodeficiency virus isolates. | to investigate whether the feline cd 4 (fcd4) molecules are involved in infections of highly lymphotropic feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) isolates, we expressed fcd4 stably on crandell feline kidney cells and felis catus whole foetus 4 cells by transfection of a cdna encoding the fcd4 glycoprotein, and then infected them with tm 1 and tm 2 strains of fiv, which are unable to infect these cells productively. in spite of fcd 4 being expressed on these cells, no virus production was observed. t ... | 1993 | 8389115 |
| the cat/feline immunodeficiency virus model for transmucosal transmission of aids: nonoxynol-9 contraceptive jelly blocks transmission by an infected cell inoculum. | to develop an animal model to study transmucosal lentivirus transmission, and to determine whether topical application of contraceptive jelly can block transmission by an infected cell incoulum. | 1993 | 8395855 |
| the ap-1 binding site in the feline immunodeficiency virus long terminal repeat is not required for virus replication in feline t lymphocytes. | sequences of 31 bp containing putative ap-1 and ap-4 binding sequences in the u3 region of the feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) long terminal repeat (ltr) were deleted and the basal promoter activity of the ltr was measured by the chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (cat) assay. the activity of the fiv ltr was reduced in felis catus whole foetus 4 (fcwf-4) cells and crandell feline kidney cells by this deletion. cotransfection of murine c-fos or c-jun expression plasmids with the fiv ltr-cat re ... | 1993 | 8393913 |
| nucleotide sequences of australian isolates of the feline immunodeficiency virus: comparison with other feline lentiviruses. | proviral dna from four australian isolates of feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) was amplified by pcr and the nucleotide sequence determined for two conserved regions within gag (p15/p24) and pol (rt) genes. comparison with the nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequence of two previously described u.s. isolates from california (petaluma and ppr), and a third from maryland (md) as well as the japanese isolate tm2, revealed a close similarity between the australian and californian isolates with 9 ... | 1993 | 8397502 |
| derivatives of 4-amino-3,6-disulfonato-1,8-naphthalimide inhibit reverse transcriptase and suppress human and feline immunodeficiency virus expression in cultured cells. | we have developed a series of 4-amino-3,6-disulfonato-1,8-naphthalimide (adsn) derivatives in an attempt to create nontoxic compounds effective against lentivirus infections. the adsn derivative lucifer yellow ch ([n-(hydra zinocarbonyl)amino]-4-amino-3,6-disulfonato-1,8-naphthalimid e) (lych) was chosen as a parent compound because of its low toxicity in vivo and in vitro and its tendency to accumulate in monocyte/macrophages, a major reservoir for lentiviruses in vivo. several adsn derivatives ... | 1993 | 7684385 |
| serological diagnosis of feline immunodeficiency virus infection based on synthetic peptides from env glycoproteins. | feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) is a lentivirus which infects domestic cats, causing an acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids). the aim of the present work was the development of an immunoassay for the diagnosis of fiv infection, using synthetic peptides from fiv envelope (env) glycoproteins. four peptides (8 to 11 amino acids long) corresponding to group-specific epitopes of fiv env extracellular (su) or transmembrane (tm) glycoproteins were synthesized. they were evaluated by enzyme-lin ... | 1993 | 7689247 |
| in vivo lymphocyte tropism of feline immunodeficiency virus. | feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) infection in the cat is similar to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection in causing a selective reduction in cd4+ cell numbers, leading to inversion of the cd4+/cd8+ ratio. to determine whether fiv, similar to human immunodeficiency virus type 1, has a tropism for cd4+ cells, we examined the in vitro and in vivo susceptibilities of feline lymphocyte subpopulations to fiv infection. infection of interleukin-2-dependent cd4+ or cd8+ lymphocyte cultures w ... | 1993 | 7688819 |
| the feline immunodeficiency virus orf-a gene facilitates efficient viral replication in established t-cell lines and peripheral blood lymphocytes. | frameshift mutants corresponding to all of the identified open reading frames of feline immunodeficiency virus, including the orf-a gene, which has an unknown function, were constructed in vitro. upon transfection into cells, no significant difference between the phenotypes of orf-a mutant clones and those of wild-type clones was demonstrated. although only orf-a mutant virus among all mutant viruses from transfected cells showed infectivity in established t-cell lines, the replication and propa ... | 1993 | 7690413 |
| localization of the viral antigen of feline immunodeficiency virus in the lymph nodes of cats at the early stage of infection. | immunohistochemical examinations of localization of feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) gag protein were performed on lymph nodes of cats experimentally inoculated with three different strains of fiv (infectious molecular clone of tm 1, petaluma, and kyo-1 strains), using rabbit anti-fiv gag serum. the fiv gag antigens were observed in many follicular dendritic cells (fdcs) and sparsely in small lymphocytes of paracortical area in the lymph nodes of cats inoculated with petaluma and kyo-1 strain ... | 1993 | 8102229 |
| loss of neutrophil and natural killer cell function following feline immunodeficiency virus infection. | experimental infection with the mt. airy isolate of feline immunodeficiency virus (fivma), a lentivirus isolated from a domestic cat exhibiting signs of an immunodeficiency-like syndrome, results in transient lymphadenopathy, fever, stomatitis, enteritis, neurologic abnormalities, and immunosuppression. the effects of fivma infection on neutrophil and natural killer cell (nk) function were examined in vitro. suppression of neutrophil chemiluminescence (cl) responses, as well as reduction in nk-m ... | 1993 | 8105792 |
| use of a feline panleukopenia modified live virus vaccine in cats in the primary-stage of feline immunodeficiency virus infection. | cats in the primary stage of feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) infection and fiv seronegative cats were vaccinated with a modified live feline panleukopenia virus vaccine (fpv-mlv). the fpv-mlv strain was not pathogenic for fiv seronegative cats, whereas in fiv infected cats it produced severe clinical signs, similar to those typically observed in cats naturally infected with field strains of fpv (fever, diarrhoea, leukopenia). | 1993 | 8237206 |
| feline immunodeficiency virus infection of cats as a model to test the effect of certain in vitro selection pressures on the infectivity and virulence of resultant lentivirus variants. | three groups of specific pathogen-free (spf) domestic cats, each containing 5 animals, were infected with one of three closely related fiv variants and monitored for 36 weeks. a fourth group of 5 cats was sham-infected and served as uninfected controls. fiv variants included: (1) a fully virulent animal passaged fiv-petaluma; (2) a crandell feline kidney (crfk) cell-adapted fiv-petaluma (fiv-crfk); and (3) a variant of fiv-crfk (fiv-crfkazt) that had been selected in vitro for resistance to azid ... | 1993 | 8279815 |
| structure and variations of feline immunodeficiency virus envelope glycoproteins. | we report the characterization of the env gene of a feline immunodeficiency virus isolate from france (fiv wo). fiv wo gag and env genes were cloned directly from cat peripheral blood mononuclear cells, using polymerase chain reaction. the env molecular clone was shown to be functional and to express antigenically relevant envelope glycoproteins in vitro. alignment of fiv wo sequences with available fiv sequences and application of a regionalization algorithm resulted in delineation of variable ... | 1993 | 8380668 |
| prophylactic zdv therapy prevents early viremia and lymphocyte decline but not primary infection in feline immunodeficiency virus-inoculated cats. | prophylactic zidovudine (zdv) therapy was evaluated in the feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv)-inoculated cat model for hiv-1 infection in humans. zdv treatment (30 mg/kg/day via continuous subcutaneous infusion) was initiated 48 h prior to virus inoculation and continued for 28 days. transient plasma antigenemia evident in six of six untreated cats at week 2 post-inoculation (pi) was absent in the zdv-treated cats although at 10 and 14 weeks pi (6 and 10 weeks after drug treatment), one of the ... | 1993 | 8381867 |
| experimental vaccine protection against homologous and heterologous strains of feline immunodeficiency virus. | more than 90% of cats immunized with inactivated whole infected-cell or cell-free feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) vaccines were protected against intraperitoneal infection with 10 50% animal infectious doses of either homologous fiv petaluma (28 of 30 cats) or heterologous fiv dixon strain (27 of 28 cats). all 15 control cats were readily infected with either strain of fiv. protection appears to correlate with antiviral envelope antibody levels by a mechanism yet to be determined. | 1993 | 8380095 |
| establishment of a feline t-lymphoblastoid cell line susceptible to feline immunodeficiency viruses. | a feline t-lymphoblastoid cell line susceptible to feline immunodeficiency viruses (fiv) was established and designated as yu-1 cells. yu-1 cells continued to grow over one year with more than 100 successive passages in the presence of human recombinant interleukin-2. surface antigens of yu-1 cells were feline pan-t+, cd4+, and cd8-. susceptibility of yu-1 cells to fiv strains were higher than that of the primary culture of the feline peripheral blood mononuclear cells, indicating that this cell ... | 1993 | 7689139 |
| expression of feline immunodeficiency virus gag and env precursor proteins in spodoptera frugiperda cells and their use in immunodiagnosis. | the gag and env genes of the feline immunodeficiency virus strain ut113 were cloned into a baculovirus transfer vector. the recombinant plasmids were used to create recombinant baculoviruses that expressed either the gag or the env precursor protein in insect cells (sf9 cells). leader sequence cleavage occurred in sf9 cells expressing the envelope precursor, but further processing was not observed. crude lysates of insect cells infected with the wild-type baculovirus or with the recombinant viru ... | 1993 | 8408554 |
| [the effectiveness of paramunization for the control of feline coryza]. | 20 cats in a cat home were treated prophylactically and therapeutically with baypamun hk. the animals were allocated into three groups as described. 7 freshly admitted clinically healthy cats were treated prophylactically on day 1, 2 and 9 with 1 ml baypamun hk (group i). 7 cats, who already were allocated for one year in the home and were sick of the feline respiratory disease complex were treated as described for group i (group ii). 6 further cats, who also showed symptoms of the feline respir ... | 1992 | 1524577 |
| an early defect in primary and secondary t cell responses in asymptomatic cats during acute feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) infection. | as in hiv infection of humans, cats infected with fiv are particularly susceptible to secondary infection by opportunistic pathogens, suggesting an impaired ability to elicit an effective immune response against foreign antigens. in order to investigate the development of immunity in fiv-infected cats, we have used an autologous culture system to directly measure priming of naive cd4+ t cells to soluble protein antigen, in vitro. using this assay, we showed previously that cats infected with fiv ... | 1992 | 1458687 |
| elevation of feline interleukin 6-like activity in feline immunodeficiency virus infection. | the involvement of feline interleukin 6 (il-6)-like activity in polyclonal b-cell activation in feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) infection was investigated by using the proliferative response of hybridoma cell clone b3b1. cats spontaneously infected with fiv had hyperimmunoglobulinemia, as shown by increases in the percentage of gamma-globulin and the plasma igg concentration and decrease in the albumin/globulin (a/g) ratio. because il-6 plays an essential role in the differentiation of activ ... | 1992 | 1451326 |
| enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays for the detection of toxoplasma gondii-specific antibodies and antigens in the aqueous humor of cats. | serum and aqueous humor samples, collected from 14 clinically normal cats and 96 cats with clinical evidence of intraocular inflammation, were assayed with elisa for toxoplasma gondii-specific immunoglobulin m (igm), t gondii-specific igg, t gondii-specific antigens, total igg, and total igm. additionally, serum was assayed with elisa for feline leukemia virus p27 antigen and antibodies against the feline immunodeficiency virus as well as with an immunofluorescent antibody assay for antibodies a ... | 1992 | 1429123 |
| pharmacokinetics of potential anti-aids agents thiofoscarnet and foscarnet in the cat. | the pharmacokinetics of thiophosphonoformate (tpfa) and phosphonoformate (foscarnet, pfa) were studied in normal adult cats, a species susceptible to feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) infection. parent drugs and metabolites were quantitated by high-performance liquid chromatography (hplc). tpfa had a mean terminal plasma half-life of 42 min, a total clearance of 4.58 ml/min/kg, and a renal clearance of 1.24 ml/min/kg (n = 4). tpfa underwent in vivo metabolism to pfa and thiophosphonic acid (tp ... | 1992 | 1387417 |
| worldwide prevalence of lentivirus infection in wild feline species: epidemiologic and phylogenetic aspects. | the natural occurrence of lentiviruses closely related to feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) in nondomestic felid species is shown here to be worldwide. cross-reactive antibodies to fiv were common in several free-ranging populations of large cats, including east african lions and cheetahs of the serengeti ecosystem and in puma (also called cougar or mountain lion) populations throughout north america. infectious puma lentivirus (plv) was isolated from several florida panthers, a severely endan ... | 1992 | 1382145 |
| regulation of gene expression directed by the long terminal repeat of the feline immunodeficiency virus. | the long terminal repeat (ltr) of a retrovirus contains sequence elements that constitute a promoter for controlling viral gene expression in infected cells. we have examined regulation of ltr-directed gene expression in feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv), a t-lymphocytopathic lentivirus associated with a fatal aids-like disease in domestic cats. two independent virus isolates, designated fiv-petaluma and fiv-ppr, have been molecularly cloned and show greater than 85% sequence homology. both cl ... | 1992 | 1310554 |
| comparison of the viral promoter activities in feline cell lines (crfk and fcwf-4 cells). | 1992 | 1313705 | |
| prevalence of feline leukemia virus and antibodies to feline immunodeficiency virus in cats in norway. | serum samples from 224 norwegian cats were analyzed for the presence of feline leukemia virus (felv) p27 common core antigen, and for antibodies to feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv). ninety specimens originated from the serum bank at the central referral clinic at the norwegian college of veterinary medicine, which had been collected during the years 1983-1989; 67 sera were submitted from veterinarian practitioners; while 67 sera originated from cats presented for euthanasia. the cats were cla ... | 1992 | 1316024 |
| lymphosarcoma in experimentally induced feline immunodeficiency virus infection [corrected]. | a cat experimentally infected with feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) but known to be free of feline leukaemia virus (felv) developed lymphosarcoma. the lesions in the liver and kidneys were present nine months after infection, when the cat was 21 months old. the cat had no overt signs of immunodeficiency and it is suggested that the b cell activation induced shortly after fiv infection produced a large pool of proliferating lymphocytes from which the malignant cells emerged. | 1992 | 1317615 |