Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
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| a mutation in the latency-related gene of bovine herpesvirus 1 disrupts the latency reactivation cycle in calves. | bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv-1) is an important pathogen of cattle, and infection is usually initiated via the ocular or nasal cavity. following acute infection, the primary site for bhv-1 latency is the sensory neuron. reactivation from latency occurs sporadically, resulting in virus shedding and transmission to uninfected cattle. the only abundant viral transcript expressed during latency is the latency-related (lr) rna, suggesting that it mediates some aspect of latency. an lr mutant was constru ... | 2002 | 12050390 |
| of the three tegument proteins that package mrna in herpes simplex virions, one (vp22) transports the mrna to uninfected cells for expression prior to viral infection. | an earlier report has shown that herpes simplex virus 1 virions package rna. experiments designed to reveal the identity of the virion proteins capable of binding the rna and to show whether the mrna carried in the newly infected cells was expressed showed the following: (i) (32)p-labeled riboprobe generated by in vitro transcription of the u(s)8.5 orf bound three proteins identified as the products of u(s)11, u(l)47, and u(l)49 (vp22) genes. (ii) viral rna was bound to u(l)47 or u(s)11 proteins ... | 2002 | 12060774 |
| amino acid substitutions in the v domain of nectin-1 (hvec) that impair entry activity for herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 but not for pseudorabies virus or bovine herpesvirus 1. | the entry of herpes simplex virus (hsv) into cells requires the interaction of viral glycoprotein d (gd) with a cellular gd receptor to trigger the fusion of viral and cellular membranes. nectin-1, a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily, can serve as a gd receptor for hsv types 1 and 2 (hsv-1 and hsv-2, respectively) as well as for the animal herpesviruses porcine pseudorabies virus (prv) and bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv-1). the hsv-1 gd binding domain of nectin-1 is hypothesized to overlap ami ... | 2002 | 12072525 |
| bhv-1-specific cd4+, cd8+, and gammadelta t cells in calves vaccinated with one dose of a modified live bhv-1 vaccine. | expression of the high-affinity interleukin 2 receptor alpha chain (cd25) was used to monitor antigen-specific activation of t lymphocyte subsets (cd4+, cd8+, and gammadelta t cells) from cattle immunized with modified live bovine herpesvirus-1 (bhv-1). calves seronegative for bhv-1 were either vaccinated with one dose of modified live vaccine containing bhv-1 or not vaccinated to serve as negative controls. two animals vaccinated 7 and 5 weeks before the start of the experiment with two doses o ... | 2002 | 12081020 |
| adenine and deazaadenine nucleoside and deoxynucleoside analogues: inhibition of viral replication of sheep mvv (in vitro model for hiv) and bovine bhv-1. | a series of n(6)-cycloalkyl-2',3'-dideoxyadenosine derivatives has been prepared by coupling of 2,6-dichloropurine to protected 2,3-dideoxyribose, followed by reaction with appropriate cycloalkylamines. synthesized compounds, along with other purine nucleoside analogues previously synthesized in our laboratory, have been tested for their antiviral activity against bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv-1) and sheep maedi/visna virus (mvv), the latter being an in vitro and in vivo model of human immunodeficie ... | 2002 | 12110319 |
| probability of and risk factors for introduction of infectious diseases into dutch spf dairy farms: a cohort study. | a 2-year cohort study was conducted to investigate the probability of disease introduction into dutch dairy farms. the farms were tested regularly for diseases and were visited biannually to collect management data. ninety-five specific pathogen-free (spf) dairy farms were selected from a database of bovine herpesvirus type 1 (bhv1)-free farms to study the probability of, and risk factors for, introduction of bhv1, bovine viral diarrhoea virus (bvdv), salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serotype ... | 2002 | 12114014 |
| viral infections and bovine mastitis: a review. | this review deals with the role of viruses in the aetiology of bovine mastitis. bovine herpesvirus 1, bovine herpesvirus 4, foot-and-mouth disease virus, and parainfluenza 3 virus have been isolated from milk from cows with clinical mastitis. intramammary inoculations of bovine herpesvirus 1 or parainfluenza 3 virus-induced clinical mastitis, while an intramammary inoculation of foot-and-mouth disease virus resulted in necrosis of the mammary gland. subclinical mastitis has been induced after a ... | 2002 | 12119136 |
| cpg-containing oligodeoxynucleotides augment and switch the immune responses of cattle to bovine herpesvirus-1 glycoprotein d. | the adjuvanticity of a synthetic oligodeoxynucleotide containing unmethylated cpg motifs (cpg odn) was determined in cattle. calves were immunized with a truncated secreted version of glycoprotein d (tgd) of bovine herpes virus-1 (bhv-1) formulated with alum, cpg odn, or a combination of both. bhv-1 tgd formulated with cpg odn or with alum and cpg odn induced a stronger and more balanced immune response than tgd in alum. this level of immunity was of sufficient magnitude to minimize weight loss ... | 2002 | 12126915 |
| a study on latency in calves by five vaccines against bovine herpesvirus-1 infection. | four bovine herpesvirus-1 (bhv-1) commercial vaccines, three of which (vaccines b, d, e) were modified live vaccines (mlv) and one (vaccine a) identified as a live strain of bhv-1 ge negative, were used for vaccination of calves, using three calves for each vaccine. three months after vaccination calves were subjected to dexamethasone (dms) treatment following which virus was recovered from calves inoculated with vaccine b and from those given vaccine d. no virus reactivation was obtained in cal ... | 2002 | 12135235 |
| induction of apoptosis in rabbit kidney cell under high-level expression of bovine herpesvirus 1 u(s) orf8 product. | the open reading frame 8 (orf8) within the short unique (u(s)) region of the bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv-1) genome was predicted to encode a protein with homology to u(s)9 protein of other alpha herpesviruses. the aim of this study is to identify the protein encoded by the u(s) orf8 and to examine the effect of its expression in mammalian cells. | 2002 | 12145540 |
| evaluation of health status of calves and the impact on feedlot performance: assessment of a retained ownership program for postweaning calves. | the objective of this study was to evaluate animal health status at entry to a feedlot against feedlot performance and carcass value. there were 24 herds represented by 417 calves in a retained ownership program. the health status at entry was represented by the levels of serum antibody to infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus (ibrv), bovine viral diarrhea viruses 1 and 2 (bvdv1a, bvdv2), parainfluenza 3 virus (pi3v), bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv), mannheimia haemolytica, and paste ... | 2002 | 12146889 |
| bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) 1b: predominant bvdv subtype in calves with respiratory disease. | the prevalence of bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) infections was determined in 2 groups of stocker calves with acute respiratory disease. both studies used calves assembled after purchase from auction markets by an order buyer and transported to feedyards, where they were held for approximately 30 d. in 1 study, the calves were mixed with fresh ranch calves from a single ranch. during the studies, at day 0 and at weekly intervals, blood was collected for viral antibody testing and virus isola ... | 2002 | 12146890 |
| development of a polymerase chain reaction and restriction typing assay for the diagnosis of bovine herpesvirus 1, bovine herpesvirus 2, and bovine herpesvirus 4 infections. | a multiplex polymerase chain reaction (pcr) method coupled with a restriction analysis of pcr products (pcr with restriction fragment length polymorphism) was developed for the simultaneous detection of bovine herpesvirus 1, bovine herpesvirus 2, and bovine herpesvirus 4 infections. the specificity, sensitivity, and practical diagnostic applicability of this method were evaluated. this assay may be also adapted to the diagnosis of suid herpesvirus 1 and equine herpesviruses 1 and 3 and could bec ... | 2002 | 12152821 |
| effect of genistein on replication of bovine herpesvirus type 1. | to study the antiviral activity of genistein, a soya isoflavone, on in vitro replication of bovine herpesvirus type 1 (bhv-1). | 2002 | 12171165 |
| susceptibility of sensory neurons to apoptosis following infection by bovine herpesvirus type 1. | like other members of the alpha subfamily of herpesviruses, bovine herpesvirus type 1 (bhv-1) establishes latent infections in sensory neurons. bhv-1 induces apoptosis in lymphoid cells in vivo and in epithelial cell lines, but the ability of bhv-1 to induce apoptosis in sensory neurons remains unknown. in this report, the susceptibility of rabbit ganglionic neurons to infection by bhv-1 was examined in vitro and in vivo. following infection of cultured neurons with bhv-1, hallmarks of apoptosis ... | 2002 | 12185281 |
| bovine herpesvirus-1 (bhv-1) recombinant expressing pseudorabies virus (prv) glycoproteins b and c induces type 1 immune response in balb/c mice. | bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv-1) attached poorly and penetrated into a mouse cell line, balb 3t3/a31, but a recombinant bhv-1/tf7-6, which expresses pseudorabies virus (prv) gb and gc genes, did attach and penetrated into cells more efficiently. in this study the gene green fluorescent protein (gfp) has been integrated into genome of bhv-1/tf7-6 and its parental line of bhv-1. when the mouse mesenteries were incubated in vitro and infected with bhv-1/tf7-6/gfp, strong fluorescence was observed while ... | 2002 | 12185312 |
| the immunogenicity and protective efficacy of bovine herpesvirus 1 glycoprotein d plus emulsigen are increased by formulation with cpg oligodeoxynucleotides. | the immunogenicity and protective efficacy of a bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv-1) subunit vaccine formulated with emulsigen (em) and a synthetic oligodeoxynucleotide containing unmethylated cpg dinucleotides (cpg odn) was determined in cattle. a truncated, secreted version of bhv-1 glycoprotein d (tgd) formulated with em and cpg odn at concentrations of 25, 2.5, or 0.25 mg/dose produced a more balanced immune response, higher levels of virus neutralizing antibodies, and greater protection after bhv-1 ... | 2002 | 12186884 |
| susceptibility of bovine umbilical cord endothelial cells to bovine herpesviruses and pseudocowpox virus. | the purpose of the study was to determine the susceptibility of bovine umbilical cord endothelial (bue) cells to bovine herpesvirus (bhv) 1, bhv2, bhv4 and bhv5, and to pseudocowpox virus. the detection limits and growth curves of these viruses in bue cells were compared with those in vero, madin-darby bovine kidney (mdbk). or bovine fetal diploid lung (bfdl) cells. detection limits were determined by inoculating cell cultures with serial 10-fold dilutions of these viruses, and growth curves by ... | 2002 | 12212730 |
| electroporation improves the efficacy of dna vaccines in large animals. | it is generally recognized that dna vaccines are often less effective in large animals than in mice. one possible reason for this reduced effectiveness may be transfection efficiency and the low level of expression elicited by plasmid vectors in large animals. a possible way to improve plasmid gene expression in vivo is electroporation. to determine whether we could enhance immune responses in pigs by electroporation, we used plasmids encoding two different genes (bovine herpesvirus glycoprotein ... | 2002 | 12213410 |
| restriction endonuclease and monoclonal antibody analysis of brazilian isolates of bovine herpesviruses types 1 and 5. | twelve brazilian isolates and three reference strains of bovine herpesviruses (bhvs) were subjected to restriction endonuclease analysis (rea) and monoclonal antibody (mab) analysis. viral dna was cleaved with bamhi, bsteii, ecori, hindiii and psti. the monoclonal antibody panel allowed the differentiation between types 1 and 5 viruses, while rea with bsteii and hindiii showed the distinction between bhv-1 and -5 subtypes. typical 1.1 and 1.2a patterns were observed with two isolates from respir ... | 2002 | 12220807 |
| virologic investigations of free-living european bison (bison bonasus) from the bialowieza primeval forest, poland. | we conducted virologic investigations on postmortem specimens from 261 free-living european bison (bison bonasus) from the bialowieza primeval forest, poland collected between 1990 and 2000. fifty-four of 94 males had balanoposthitis; none of the 167 female bison examined had reproductive tract lesions. peripheral blood, swabs, and various tissues were analyzed for bovine viruses as well as for viral dna by bovine herpesvirus 1 (bohv-1) and bovine herpesvirus 4 (bohv-4) specific polymerase chain ... | 2002 | 12238370 |
| a review of mutual transmission of important infectious diseases between livestock and wildlife in europe. | oral vaccination of red foxes against rabies has been practiced in europe since 1978 and has succeeded in greatly reducing the occurrence of this disease in foxes: this is an example of coordinated activity against a disease that affects both wild and domestic animals as well as humans. some examples of diseases that affect both domestic and wild animals in europe are: classical swine fever (hog cholera) in wild boars and domestic swine; myxomatosis and rabbit hemorrhagic disease in domestic and ... | 2002 | 12381556 |
| induction of cytotoxic t-lymphocytes specific for bovine herpesvirus-1 by dna immunization. | cytotoxic t-lymphocytes (ctls) are critical for the defense against herpesvirus infections, in which cell-to-cell spread occurs earlier than the hematogenous spread. the ability of bovine herpesvirus-1 (bhv-1) to undergo latency, to induce apoptosis of cd4(+) t-lymphocytes, and to down-regulate the expression of major histocompatibility complex (mhc) class i molecules, necessitates the development of immunization strategies that do not involve the live virus. the objective of this study was to e ... | 2002 | 12399204 |
| use of epitope mapping to identify a pcr template for protein amplification and detection by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay of bovine herpesvirus type 1 glycoprotein d. | infection with bovine herpesvirus type 1 (bhv-1) occurs worldwide and causes serious economic losses due to the deaths of animals, abortions, decreased milk production, and loss of body weight. bhv-1 is frequently found in bovine semen and is transmitted through natural service and artificial insemination. the detection of bhv-1 in bovine semen is a long-standing problem in veterinary virology which is important in disease control schemes. in the present study, ordered deletions of the full-leng ... | 2002 | 12409372 |
| in vitro and in vivo detection of mx gene products in bovine cells following stimulation with alpha/beta interferon and viruses. | this study focused on products of the bovine mx1 gene as specific markers for acute viral infections. the rationale for this is the fact that viral infections are commonly paralleled by the synthesis, release, and remote action of alpha/beta interferons (ifn-alpha/beta). released ifn-alpha/beta act through specific receptors present on nucleated cells to transduce signals for the transcription of numerous ifn-regulated genes, such as the ones for double-stranded-rna-dependent protein kinase, 2'- ... | 2002 | 12414749 |
| coinfection with bhv-1 modulates cell adhesion and invasion by p. multocida and mannheimia (pasteurella) haemolytica. | viruses are thought to facilitate bacterial infections of the respiratory tract. the present study shows the effect of bhv-1 on pasteurella multocida and mannheimia haemolytica adherence and invasion of mdbk cells. the virus-infected mdbk cells become more susceptible to the adherence of both species of pasteurella. the observed adherence increase depends on the length of virus pre-incubation time and on virus concentration. when mdbk cells are not infected with virus, they are only invaded by p ... | 2002 | 12437222 |
| mutations in the n-terminal domains of nectin-1 and nectin-2 reveal differences in requirements for entry of various alphaherpesviruses and for nectin-nectin interactions. | nectin-1 and nectin-2 are related molecules that can function with different specificities as entry receptors for mammalian alphaherpesviruses through interaction with viral glycoprotein d (gd). the normal function of members of the nectin family is to mediate cell-cell adhesion through homotypic and heterotypic nectin-nectin interactions in cadherin-based adherens junctions. we examined mutations in three equivalent regions of the n-terminal v-like domains of nectin-1 and nectin-2 to test the e ... | 2002 | 12438620 |
| bulk milk testing for antibody seroprevalences to bvdv and bhv-1 in a rural region of peru. | bulk milk from 60 herds of dairy cattle in a rural region in the central highlands of peru was tested for antibodies to bovine viral-diarrhoea virus (bvdv) and bovine herpesvirus type 1 (bhv-1). none of the herds had been vaccinated against bvdv or bhv-1. commercially available indirect elisa-kits were used for antibody detection. true prevalences of bvdv and bhv-1 antibody-positive herds were 96 and 51%, respectively. a relatively low proportion of strongly positive herds suggests, however, a l ... | 2002 | 12441235 |
| cpg-containing oligodeoxynucleotides, in combination with conventional adjuvants, enhance the magnitude and change the bias of the immune responses to a herpesvirus glycoprotein. | vaccine adjuvants must have the capacity to increase protective immune responses with minimal side effects. conventional adjuvants not only cause undesirable tissue site reactions, but often induce t-helper type 2 (th2)-biased responses which may be undesirable in certain disease scenarios. oligodeoxynucleotides containing unmethylated cpg dinucleotides (cpg odn) are novel adjuvants known to promote th1-type immune responses. in this study, we compared various mineral oil, metabolizable oil and ... | 2002 | 12443671 |
| the latency-related gene of bovine herpesvirus-1 can inhibit the ability of bicp0 to activate productive infection. | transfection of bovine cells with bovine herpesvirus-1 genomic dna yields low levels of infectious virus. cotransfection with the bicp0 gene enhances productive infection and virus yield because bicp0 can activate viral gene expression. since the latency-related (lr) gene overlaps and is antisense to bicp0, the effects of lr gene products on productive infection were tested. the intact lr gene inhibited productive infection in a dose-dependent fashion but lr protein expression was not required. ... | 2002 | 12466472 |
| augmentation of cellular immune responses to bovine herpesvirus-1 glycoprotein d by vaccination with cpg-enhanced plasmid vectors. | the potential of cpg-enhanced plasmid dna vectors encoding a truncated secreted form of bovine herpesvirus-1 (bhv-1) glycoprotein d (tgd) to induce enhanced immune responses in cattle was investigated. we created tgd expression plasmids containing 0, 40 or 88 copies of the hexamer 5' gtcgtt 3', a known pan-activating cpg motif in several species. the total tgd-specific igg titre of calves immunized with these plasmids did not correlate with the cpg content of the plasmid backbone. however, the p ... | 2002 | 12466473 |
| in vitro inhibition of bovine herpes virus 1 reproduction with native and microencapsulated proteinase inhibitor aprotinin. | this study evaluated the antiviral effect of various dosage forms of proteinase inhibitor-aprotinin as a potential remedy for prophylactics and therapy of infectious bovine rhinotracheitis. formulations of the inhibitor were tested for their influence on bovine herpes virus reproduction in cell cultures. starch/bovine serum albumin microcapsules with aprotinin were prepared using interfacial cross-linking with terephthaloyl chloride and characterized for their morphology, size and release of the ... | 2002 | 12480317 |
| bovine herpesvirus 1 u(s) orf8 protein induces apoptosis in infected cells and facilitates virus egress. | the bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv-1) u(s) orf8 protein with homology to the us9 protein of other alphaherpesviruses induces apoptosis in rabbit kidney (rk13) cells without the presence of other bhv-1-encoded proteins. in this article, we have characterized the cytotoxicity and growth behavior of a bhv-1 recombinant, bhv-1/d8, which fails to express the u(s) orf8 protein in infected cells. bhv-1/d8 exhibited a reduced cytotoxicity to rk13 cells when compared to the cytotoxicity of control bhv-1 strai ... | 2002 | 12490400 |
| a novel approach to induce cell cycle reentry in terminally differentiated muscle cells. | during terminal differentiation, skeletal muscle cells permanently retract from the cell cycle. we and others have shown previously that this cell cycle withdrawal is an actively maintained state that can be reversed by transient expression of the sv40 large t antigen. in an attempt to avoid the hazards of gene transfer and the difficulties of regulating transgene expression, we have now used this cellular system as a model to test whether direct protein delivery could constitute a feasible alte ... | 2002 | 11729099 |
| virus neutralising antibodies against 22 bovine viral diarrhoea virus isolates in vaccinated calves. | seven of nine colostrum deprived calves, free from bovine viral diarrhoea virus (bvdv), were vaccinated with a commercially available vaccine containing two inactivated strains of bvdv, an inactivated strain of bovine herpesvirus-1 and modified-live strains of bovine respiratory syncytial virus and para-influenza-3 virus. the two other calves were kept as controls. the virus neutralising (vn) antibodies induced by vaccination were tested against 22 antigenically diverse bvdv isolates, including ... | 2002 | 11749137 |
| a gene capable of blocking apoptosis can substitute for the herpes simplex virus type 1 latency-associated transcript gene and restore wild-type reactivation levels. | after ocular herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) infection, the virus travels up axons and establishes a lifelong latent infection in neurons of the trigeminal ganglia. lat (latency-associated transcript), the only known viral gene abundantly transcribed during hsv-1 neuronal latency, is required for high levels of reactivation. the lat function responsible for this reactivation phenotype is not known. recently, we showed that lat can block programmed cell death (apoptosis) in neurons of the tri ... | 2002 | 11773398 |
| a blocking elisa with improved sensitivity for the detection of passively acquired maternal antibodies to bhv-1. | four serological tests were evaluated for their ability to detect passively acquired maternal antibodies to bovine herpesvirus 1. a blocking enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay demonstrated superior sensitivity in the detection of such antibodies in calves up to 9-11 months old, versus calves up to 7 months old for other tests. | 2002 | 11802669 |
| nylon membrane-immobilized pcr for detection of bovine viruses. | bridge technology is an amplification technique in which pairs of primers are immobilized on a solid support, allowing amplification only at the location of the primer pair spot. the technique has diagnostic potential since an array of primer pairs, each specific for a different pathogen, can be used with a diagnostic sample without inter-pair interactions that plague the development of multiplex pcrs. as a result, one assay should be able to determine which of multiple pathogens are present and ... | 2002 | 11808702 |
| the significance of the golgi complex in envelopment of bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv-1) as revealed by cryobased electron microscopy. | nucleocapsids of herpesviruses originate in the nucleus of host cells and bud through the inner nuclear membrane acquiring tegument and envelope. the release of the enveloped virus particle from the perinuclear space is unknown. cryobased electron microscopic imaging revealed enveloped virus particles within cisterns associated with the perinuclear space, a pre-golgi compartment connecting golgi cisterns to the perinuclear space, and enveloped virus particles in golgi cisterns where they are pac ... | 2002 | 11814872 |
| induction of protective immunity to bovine herpesvirus type 1 in cattle by intranasal administration of replication-defective human adenovirus type 5 expressing glycoprotein gc or gd. | replication-defective human adenoviruses type 5 (had5) expressing the bovine herpesvirus type 1 (bhv-1) glycoprotein gc or gd under the control of the human cytomegalovirus immediate-early promoter/enhancer (adcmvgc or adcmvgd) or the 5' regulatory region of the human desmin gene (addesmgc or addesmgd) were generated. a preliminary experiment performed on rabbits showed that the intranasal administration of adcmv elicited higher levels of bhv-1 neutralizing antibodies than the intramuscular admi ... | 2002 | 11818166 |
| oral dna vaccination in utero induces mucosal immunity and immune memory in the neonate. | infectious diseases are responsible for a significant number of deaths during the first weeks of life. some of the salient pathogens include hsv, hiv, hepatitis b virus, group b streptococcus, haemophilus sp., and chlamydia sp. the vertical transmission of many of these pathogens significantly increases the risk of neonatal infection. we recently reported that oral dna immunization in utero induced high serum ab titers and cell-mediated immunity in fetal lambs. in this study, we demonstrate immu ... | 2002 | 11823522 |
| effect of experimental infection of cattle with bovine herpesvirus-1 (bhv-1) on the ex vivo interaction of bovine leukocytes with mannheimia (pasteurella) haemolytica leukotoxin. | mannheimia (pasteurella) haemolytica a1 produces an extracellular leukotoxin (lkt) that is reported to bind the beta(2)-integrin cd11a/cd18 (lea-1) on ruminant leukocytes. lkt binding induces activation, and subsequent cytolysis, of these cells. it is well known that active viral infection greatly increases the susceptibility of cattle to pasteurellosis. to better understand the mechanism by which this occurs, we investigated the effects of experimental in vivo infection of cattle with bovine he ... | 2002 | 11825601 |
| vaccination of calves against bovine herpesvirus-1: assessment of the protective value of eight vaccines. | eight separate, but related experiments, were carried out in which groups of six calves were vaccinated with one of eight commercial vaccines. in each experiment the vaccinated calves were subsequently exposed to three calves infected with virulent bovine herpesvirus-1 (bhv-1). in each experiment, all infected donor calves developed a typical severe infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (ibr) infection and excreted virus in their nasal secretions of up to 10(8.00) tcid50/0.1 ml. one live bhv-1 ge-ne ... | 2002 | 11831745 |
| demonstration of bovine herpesvirus type 1 and mannheimia haemolytica antigens in specimens stored for up to 22 months in buffered formalin. | bovine herpesvirus type 1 (bhv-1) and mannheimia haemolytica antigens were demonstrated in lung tissues that were stored in 10% neutral phosphate buffered formalin for 1 to 22 months using the immunoperoxidase method. there were no differences observed in terms of labelling intensity and distribution of m. haemolytica antigens between specimens stored for 1 and 22 months. the labeling intensity in sections from 2-cm thick specimens was comparable to those from 0.2-cm thick specimens. there was n ... | 2002 | 11858651 |
| varicella-zoster virus open reading frame 2 encodes a membrane phosphoprotein that is dispensable for viral replication and for establishment of latency. | varicella-zoster virus (vzv) encodes six genes that do not have homologs in herpes simplex virus. one of these genes, vzv open reading frame 2 (orf2), was expressed as a 31-kda phosphoprotein in the membranes of infected cells. unlike equine and bovine herpesvirus type 1 orf2 homologs that are associated with virions, vzv virions contained no detectable orf2 protein. the orf2 deletion mutant established a latent infection in cotton rats at a frequency and with a number of vzv genomes similar to ... | 2002 | 11884583 |
| bovine herpesvirus 1 glycoprotein g is necessary for maintaining cell-to-cell junctional adherence among infected cells. | glycoproteins ge and gg of bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv-1) are involved in viral cell-to-cell transmission. we have compared the subcellular localizations of ge and gg and examined the cell-to-cell adherence of bovine kidney (mdbk) cells infected with bhv-1 mutants lacking ge or gg. in bhv-1-infected mdbk cells, ge was observed at cell junctions but did not localize at apical or basal plasma membranes. bhv-1 gg was primarily found in the cytoplasm and was also observed at boundaries among infected ... | 2002 | 11886262 |
| detecting antibodies to infectious bovine rhinotracheitis and bvd virus infections using milk samples from individual cows. | 2002 | 11888111 | |
| glycoprotein m of bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv-1) is nonessential for replication in cell culture and is involved in inhibition of bovine respiratory syncytial virus f protein induced syncytium formation in recombinant bhv-1 infected cells. | cell cultures infected with bhv-1/f(syn), a recombinant bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv-1) which expresses a synthetic open reading frame encoding the fusion (f) protein of the bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv), showed a cytopathic effect (cpe) indistinguishable from that induced by wildtype bhv-1 although transient transfection experiments demonstrated that expression of the f protein leads to formation of large syncytia. since it has been shown that glycoprotein m (gm) of pseudorabies virus ... | 2002 | 11888688 |
| improvement of serological discrimination between herpesvirus-infected animals and animals vaccinated with marker vaccines. | control/eradication plans of bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv1) and suid herpesvirus 1 (shv1) infections involve vaccination with inactivated or attenuated ge-deleted marker vaccines and associated companion serological tests to discriminate naturally infected from vaccinated animals. blocking or competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (elisas) have been designed for the detection of specific antibodies against bhv1 or shv1 ge glycoprotein. the antigen source usually consists of a crude viral pr ... | 2002 | 11888690 |
| search for physical interaction between bicp0 of bovine herpesvirus-1 and p53 tumor suppressor protein. | the immediate-early (ie) protein bicp0 of bovine herpesvirus-1 (bhv-1) may have other functions besides transactivation of viral promoters. recently, we observed that bicp0, delivered to cultured cells by a helpervirus-free amplicon system, forms spherical or doughnut-like structures in which the tumor suppressor protein p53 is sequestered. the objective was to determine whether bicp0 and p53 interact physically, we used both yeast and mammalian two-hybrid systems. as a bait plasmid, pva3 which ... | 2002 | 11888693 |
| analysis of bovine trigeminal ganglia following infection with bovine herpesvirus 1. | following primary infection of the eye, oral cavity, and/or nasal cavity, bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv-1) establishes latency in trigeminal ganglionic (tg) neurons. virus reactivation and spread to other susceptible animals occur after natural or corticosteroid-induced stress. infection of calves with bhv-1 leads to infiltration of lymphocytes in tg and expression of ifn-gamma (interferon-gamma), even in latently infected calves. during latency, virus antigen and nucleic acid positive non-neural ce ... | 2002 | 11888697 |
| transduction of vero cells and bovine monocytes with a herpes simplex virus-1 based amplicon carrying the gene for the bovine herpesvirus-1 circ protein. | herpes simplex virus-1 (hsv-1) based amplicon vectors are promising gene delivery vehicles because they have a large transgene capacity and can efficiently transduce many different cell types, including non-dividing cells, of various animal species. the circ protein of bovine herpesvirus-1 (bhv-1) is a myristylated virion component of unknown function. preliminary experiments with a circ gene deletion mutant indicated that circ may influence the host's immune response by downregulating mhc-ii ex ... | 2002 | 11888699 |
| transcriptional and translational expression kinetics of the bovine herpesvirus 1 ul51 homologue gene. | we characterized the expression kinetics of the transcript and protein generated from the bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv1) homologue of the herpes simplex virus 1 (hsv1) ul51 gene. the bhv1 ul51 orf, located at positions 7236-->7967 of the viral genome, generated a major 1.05 kb transcript accumulating at very low abundance as soon as 3 h post-infection (p.i.), after which its levels increased to reach a plateau from 6 to 12 h p.i., and then slowly decreased up to 24 h p.i. as determined by s1 nuclea ... | 2002 | 11900845 |
| molecular cloning, sequencing, and characterization of bovine transporter associated with antigen processing 2 ( botap2). | the transporter associated with antigen processing (tap) 1/2 heterodimer is essential for the transport of antigenic peptides from the cytosol into the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum. bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv-1) inhibits bovine tap (botap) activity, as a means of down-regulating mhc class i expression on the cell surface, and hence evasion of the cytotoxic t-lymphocyte response of the host. identification of bhv-1 protein(s) responsible for tap inhibition, and elucidation of the mechanism o ... | 2002 | 11976789 |
| serum-free produced bovine herpesvirus type 1 and bovine parainfluenza type 3 virus vaccines are efficacious and safe. | the studies described in this report were performed to determine, whether it is possible to produce live virus vaccines without serum or fractions thereof used during any cell or virus passage, thus completely serum-free. two viruses were included in the experiments: bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv-1) and bovine parainfluenza type 3 virus (pi3). both viruses were found to grow to satisfactory titers, and to be stable after freeze-drying and subsequent storage at temperatures of +4 degrees c and -20 de ... | 2002 | 19003306 |
| neutralizing antibody responses in preconditioned calves following vaccination for respiratory viruses. | calf preconditioning programs that include vaccinations against common respiratory pathogens are beneficial; however, optimal vaccination protocols have not been determined. in the study described here, calves were placed in a preconditioning program and assigned to one of nine vaccine regimens, each consisting of some combinations of killed or modified-live virus vaccines against bovine herpesvirus-1 (bhv-1), bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv), parainfluenza-3 (pi-3) virus, and bovine respirato ... | 2002 | 19750742 |
| isolation and characterisation of cervine herpesvirus-1 from red deer semen. | this communication describes the isolation of herpesvirus during routine export examination of semen collected from red deer stags in new zealand. | 2001 | 16032173 |
| the importance of interleukin-8 as a neutrophil chemoattractant in the lungs of cattle with pneumonic pasteurellosis. | interleukin-8 (il-8), an in vitro and in vivo neutrophil chemoattractant, is expressed at high levels in the lesions observed in bovine pneumonic pasteurellosis. because of the role of neutrophils in the pathogenesis of pneumonic pasteurellosis, we investigated the relative importance of il-8 as a neutrophil chemoattractant in this disease. bronchoalveolar lavage (bal) fluid was harvested from calves experimentally infected with bovine herpesvirus-1 and challenged with mannheimia haemolytica. ne ... | 2001 | 11768129 |
| development of a multiplex polymerase chain reaction for the differentiation of bovine herpesvirus-1 and -5. | bovine herpesvirus-1 (bhv-1) and bovine herpesvirus-5 (bhv-5) are closely related viruses which exhibit some important differences at the genetic and immunogenic levels which may explain the differences in their pathogenicity and epidemiological characteristics. a multiplex polymerase chain reaction (m-pcr) was developed to detect and differentiate between bhv-1 and bhv-5. in this m-pcr two pairs of primers (tk1, tk2 and gd1, gd2) were used in the same reaction mix to amplify a thymidine kinase ... | 2001 | 11708680 |
| defective infection of bovine herpesvirus 1 in non-permissive murine cells. | the defective growth of bovine herpesvirus i (bhv-1) was analyzed in non-permissive murine embryo fibroblast, balb/3t3 a31-1-1 (a31) cells. bhv-1 was able to attach and penetrate into a31 cells at similar levels that were seen in semi-permissive cells. once penetrated into a31 cells, bhv-1 was efficiently transported to nuclei, but the onset of expression of immediate early (ie) protein and viral dna replication was not observed. these data suggest that the viral replication of bhv-1 in a31 cell ... | 2001 | 11714033 |
| priming by dna immunization augments t-cell responses induced by modified live bovine herpesvirus vaccine. | dna vaccines have several advantages over conventional vaccines. one of the most important characteristics is the presentation of antigen via both mhc class i and class ii receptors. although this generally results in strong t-cell responses, antibody production and protection achieved by dna immunization are unfortunately not always adequate. in contrast, modified live virus (mlv) vaccines usually induce adequate antibody and moderate cellular responses, whereas killed vaccines tend to elicit w ... | 2001 | 11714981 |
| [the preparation phosprenyl suppresses diarrhea and cattle infectious rhinotracheitis virus multiplication in sensitive cell cultures]. | fosprenil suppressed the multiplication of cattle diarrhea virus in calf coronary vessel cell culture. added to the culture of infected cells in a dose of 200 mg, the drug decreased the virus titer 30-fold in comparison with infected control cultures. antiviral activity of fosprenil towards infective rhinotracheitis virus multiplication was still higher: in a dose of 100 mg it decreased the virus titer in fetal calf lung culture 100-fold in comparison with the control. moreover, the cytopathogen ... | 2001 | 11715710 |
| advances in bhv1 (ibr) research. | bovine herpesvirus type 1 (bhv1) is the aetiological agent of a number of diseases and not only of ibr, namely infectious pustular vulvovaginitis (ipv), infectious balanoposthitis (ibp), conjunctivitis, encephalomyelitis, mastitis, abortion, enteritis, and lesions in the interdigital space. the serological identical strains differ, however, in some aspects. typical genital strains usually cause a mild illness, sometimes not even detected clinically, but serologically. they hamper eradication pro ... | 2001 | 11721589 |
| expression kinetics of the late ul12 gene encoding the bovine herpesvirus 1 alkaline nuclease. | we characterized the expression kinetics of the transcript and protein generated from the bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv1) homologue of the herpes simplex virus 1 (hsv1) ul12 gene that encodes a viral alkaline nuclease. the bhv1 ul12 coding sequence, which was previously shown to express in e. coli a protein exhibiting nuclease activity, is located at positions 82776-->84239 of the viral genome. northern blot analysis of rna from bhv1-infected cells with a single strand rna probe complementary to ul1 ... | 2001 | 11722011 |
| antibodies against bovine herpesvirus (bhv) 5 may be differentiated from antibodies against bhv1 in a bhv1 glycoprotein e blocking elisa. | we examined whether antibodies against bovine herpesvirus (bhv) 5 cross-react with bhv1 antigens and whether they could interfere with bhv1 eradication programmes. six calves were experimentally infected with different doses of bhv5 strain n569; homologous antibodies were first detectable on day 11 post infection; they cross-reacted in a bhv1 virus neutralisation test, in a bhv1-glycoprotein (g)-b blocking elisa and in a bhv1-ge elisa, but not in a bhv1-ge blocking elisa. this study indicates th ... | 2001 | 11118743 |
| bovine herpesvirus 1 glycoprotein g is required for prevention of apoptosis and efficient viral growth in rabbit kidney cells. | in rabbit kidney (rk13) cells, gg-negative bhv-1 exhibited significant defects in plaque formation and growth compared to that of gg-positive bhv-1. rk13 cells infected with gg-negative bhv-1 exhibited a distinctive cpe and contained a larger number of cells stained with trypan blue dye compared to those infected with gg-positive strains, suggesting that gg-negative bhv-1 inflicted more damage to the infected cells than gg-positive bhv-1. apoptotic cell death was induced in rk13 cells infected w ... | 2001 | 11162805 |
| glycoprotein d homologs in herpes simplex virus type 1, pseudorabies virus, and bovine herpes virus type 1 bind directly to human hvec(nectin-1) with different affinities. | distinct subsets of human receptors for alphaherpesviruses mediate the entry of herpes simplex virus (hsv), pseudorabies virus (prv), or bovine herpes virus type 1 (bhv-1) into cells. glycoprotein d (gd) is essential for receptor-mediated entry of all three viruses into cells. however, the gd homologs of these viruses share only 22-33% amino acid identity. several entry receptors for hsv have been identified. two of these, hvea (hvem) and hvec (nectin-1), mediate entry of most hsv-1 and hsv-2 st ... | 2001 | 11162814 |
| heat shock protein-peptide complexes elicit cytotoxic t-lymphocyte and antibody responses specific for bovine herpesvirus 1. | epitope-based vaccines offer a promising alternative to modified live vaccines against viruses such as herpesviruses which give rise to latent infections, and induce immunosuppression. the success of this approach depends on the ability to direct the ctl epitopes to the mhc class i antigen presentation pathway. the objective of this study was to evaluate the potential of the heat shock protein gp96 in this regard. a group of balb/c mice was injected with three murine ctl epitope peptides of bovi ... | 2001 | 11163665 |
| use of pcr and immunofluorescence to detect bovine herpesvirus 1 recombinants. | homologous recombination occurs frequently between strains of the same alphaherpesvirus species. studies of this phenomenon require techniques that can differentiate parental strains from putative recombinant progeny viruses. usually, progeny viruses generated by co-infection of two distinguishable parental strains are first cloned by selection of a single plaque and then characterised by pcr. an assay designed to investigate recombination between two bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv-1) strains lacking ... | 2001 | 11164923 |
| the zinc ring finger in the bicp0 protein encoded by bovine herpesvirus-1 mediates toxicity and activates productive infection. | the bicp0 protein encoded by bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv-1) is believed to activate transcription and consequently productive infection. expression of full-length bicp0 protein is toxic in transiently transfected mouse neuroblastoma cells (neuro-2a) in the absence of other viral genes. however, bicp0 does not appear to directly induce apoptosis. although bicp0 is believed to be functionally similar to the herpes simplex virus type 1-encoded icp0, the only protein domain that is well conserved is a ... | 2001 | 11172088 |
| induction of immune responses in cattle with a dna vaccine encoding glycoprotein c of bovine herpesvirus-1. | a dna vaccine expressing glycoprotein c (gc) of bovine herpesvirus-1 (bhv-1) was evaluated for inducing immunity in bovines. the plasmid encoding gc of bhv-1 was injected six times intramuscularly or intradermally into calves at monthly intervals. after immunization by both routes neutralizing antibody and lymphoproliferative responses developed. the responses in the intradermally immunized calves were better than those in calves immunized intramuscularly. however, the intradermal (i.d.) route w ... | 2001 | 11182496 |
| reduction in serum lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase activity in natural cases of pneumonia in calves. | in experimental calf pneumonia induced by inoculations of pasteurella haemolytica or bovine herpesvirus-1, lipoprotein lipid concentrations and lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase (lcat) activity decrease. the purpose of this study was to examine whether similar changes in lipoproteins occur in natural cases of calf pneumonia. when monitored in a time-course study, the activity of lcat, and the concentrations of free cholesterol, cholesteryl esters, phospholipids and triglycerides were steadily ... | 2001 | 11214669 |
| efficacy of a live glycoprotein e-negative bovine herpesvirus 1 vaccine in cattle in the field. | to assess the efficacy of a live glycoprotein e-negative bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv1) vaccine to reduce transmission of bhv1 in cattle, a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled field trial including 84 herds was conducted in the netherlands. the incidence of bhv1 infections during 17 months was monitored by detecting antibodies against bhv1 glycoprotein e. in the placebo-treated group 214 seroconversions in 3985 paired sera, and in the vaccinated group 67 seroconversions in 3601 paired sera ... | 2001 | 11228362 |
| modelling the effect of surveillance programmes on spread of bovine herpesvirus 1 between certified cattle herds. | for the eradication of an infectious agent, like bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv-1), surveillance and certification can be used to reduce the transmission between herds. the goal of surveillance is that a certified herd that becomes infected is detected timely so that infection of several other certified herds is prevented. what counts is whether the reproduction ratio r, i.e. the average number of certified herds infected by one infected certified herd can be kept below 1. to support policy makers in ... | 2001 | 11240099 |
| genotyping of bovine viral diarrhoea viruses isolated from cattle in northern italy. | following the first official report of a clinically severe outbreak of bovine viral diarrhoea disease occurring in a farm in northern italy, which had originated from the use of a live vaccine contaminated with a strain of bvd genotype ii virus, a retrospective study on the prevalence of bvdv genotypes in italy became highly relevant. for this purpose, the genotype of 78 bvdv-positive specimens, obtained in 1998-1999 from dairy cattle in an area near to where the outbreak occurred, was character ... | 2001 | 11243658 |
| organization of the rat tage4 gene and herpesvirus entry activity of the encoded protein. | the tage4 gene (tumor-associated glycoprotein e4) is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily overexpressed in rat colon tumors and min mouse intestinal adenomas. the tage4 cdna presents approximately 60% identity with the human cd155, a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily coding for a transmembrane protein capable of serving as an entry receptor for poliovirus, porcine pseudorabies virus and bovine herpesvirus 1. we determined the structure of the tage4 gene. this gene covers approximate ... | 2001 | 11255021 |
| immunization of livestock with dna vaccines: current studies and future prospects. | early studies using dna immunization suggest the potential benefits of this form of immunization including: long-lived immunity, a broad spectrum of immune responses (both cell-mediated immunity and humoral responses) and the simultaneous induction of immunity to a variety of pathogens through the use of multivalent vaccines. using marine and cow models, we studied methods to enhance and direct the immune response to polynucleotide vaccines. we demonstrated the ability to modulate the magnitude ... | 2001 | 11257380 |
| stochastic modelling as a tool for planning animal-health surveys and interpreting screening-test results. | traditionally, the planning of surveys (in particular, sample-size calculations) has relied on assumptions including the assumption of perfect screening tests. this paper presents a novel approach that can be used for planning animal-health surveys and interpreting screening-test results in the context of these surveys. a stochastic simulation model developed to assess the properties of herd-level sampling schemes and surveys has been adapted for large surveys aimed at substantiating freedom fro ... | 2001 | 11267684 |
| porcine hvec, a member of the highly conserved hvec/nectin 1 family, is a functional alphaherpesvirus receptor. | human herpesvirus entry mediator c (hvec) is an alphaherpesvirus receptor which binds to virion glycoprotein d (gd). we identified porcine hvec and studied its interaction with pseudorabies virus (prv) and herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) gd. porcine and human hvec have 96% amino acid identity and hvec from african green monkey, mouse, hamster, and cow are similarly conserved. porcine hvec mediates entry of hsv-1, hsv-2, prv, and bovine herpesvirus type 1. truncated soluble forms of hsv-1 and ... | 2001 | 11277703 |
| [outbreak of bovine virus diarrhea on dutch dairy farms induced by a bovine herpesvirus 1 marker vaccine contaminated with bovine virus diarrhea virus type 2]. | on 23 february 1999, the dutch animal health service advised all dutch veterinary practices to postpone vaccination against bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv1) immediately. the day before severe disease problems were diagnosed on four dairy farms after vaccination with the same batch of bhv1 marker vaccine. using monoclonal antibodies, bovine virus diarrhoea virus (bvdv) type 2 was found in the vaccine batch. this paper describes an outbreak of bvdv type 2 infection caused by the use of a batch of modif ... | 2001 | 11285633 |
| [did vaccination with an infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (ibr) marker vaccine on thirteen cattle farms give rise to chronic wasting among dairy cattle?]. | at the end of may 1999 the author was asked by the dutch animal health service (gd) to evaluate problems with 'chronic wasting' cows on 13 farms. the cows were thought to have become ill after vaccination with an ibr marker vaccine. on nine farms a number of cows aborted shortly after vaccination. on eight farms lameness was a problem, as was mastitis. diarrhoea occurred on four farms. a number of farms had problems with stillbirth, subfertility, abomasal displacement, and decreasing body condit ... | 2001 | 11285634 |
| [analysis of symptoms associated with bovine herpesvirus 1 vaccination]. | between 1 may 1998 and 22 february 1999, it was compulsory for dutch cattle farmers to take measures against bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv1). cattle on farms that were not certified as infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (ibr)-free had to be vaccinated twice a year. during the vaccination programme, both farmers and veterinarians reported side-effects of the vaccine. these reports were collected by the stichting ibr/bvd schade (sis; foundation for ibr/bvd damage) in order to draw up a damage report. i ... | 2001 | 11285635 |
| [detection of bovine virus diarrhea virus in a live bovine herpes virus 1 marker vaccine]. | in february 1999, 12 dutch herds were vaccinated with a live bovine herpesvirus 1 vaccine from which bovine virus diarrhea virus (bvdv) could be isolated. all vaccine batches that were on the dutch market and that had not yet reached the expiry date were tested for bvdv. in total, seven of 82 batches tested were found positive. batch numbers tx3607, vb3914, vb3915, vb4046, tw3391, and tv3294 were positive for bvdv type 1, and batch number wg4622 was positive for bvdv type 2. this latter batch in ... | 2001 | 11285638 |
| [comparison of performance of dairy herds that were or were not vaccinated with a bovine herpes virus 1 marker vaccine in 1998]. | this study analysed the effects of the use of bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv1) marker vaccine on the performance of dairy cattle. in spring of 1999, vaccination of 12 herds with the bhv1 marker vaccine resulted in severe animal health problems and mortality. the vaccines used on these farms were all from a batch that appeared to be contaminated with bovine virus diarrhoea virus type 2. this led to a general call to farmers and veterinary practitioners to report side-effects of this vaccine. as a resu ... | 2001 | 11285639 |
| [management and herd performance of dairy herds with and without chronic wasting disease]. | 'chronic wasting' in cattle acquired a special meaning in the netherlands in 1999. it was used to define animal health problems that were thought to be associated with the use of bovine herpesvirus 1 marker vaccine. criteria have not been set by which an objectively independent inventory of the problems could be made. the objective of this study was to determine management factors associated with the problem of 'chronic wasting' prior to the use of the bhv1 marker vaccine. knowledge about these ... | 2001 | 11285640 |
| [vaccination of calves with contaminated batches of bovine herpes virus 1 vaccines did not result in infection with bovine virus diarrhea virus]. | the aim of the experiment was to study whether bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv1) marker vaccine batches known to be contaminated with bovine virus diarrhoea virus (bvdv) type 1 could cause bvd in cattle. for this purpose, four groups of cattle were used. the first group (n = 4 calves, the positive control group), was vaccinated with vaccine from a batch contaminated with bvdv type 2. the second group (n = 4 calves, the negative control group), was vaccinated with vaccine from a batch that was not cont ... | 2001 | 11285641 |
| [the effect of a high dose bovine herpes virus 1 marker vaccine in pregnant heifers: virological, bacteriological, immunological, and pathological findings]. | to determine a possible relationship between the compulsory vaccination against bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv1) and cattle wasting disease, the effects of bhv1 vaccination on heifers were investigated. twenty heifers in the third trimester of pregnancy were randomly allotted to a vaccine and a control group. the vaccine group was vaccinated twice with a 50-fold dose of bhv1 vaccine and the control group was inoculated with the diluent. the experiment was performed double blind. after vaccination, th ... | 2001 | 11285642 |
| [vitamin b12 supplementation and milk production on farms with 'chronic wasting' cattle]. | from early 1999 onwards, cattle health problems accompanied by chronic wasting of unknown aetiology were reported on a number of dairy farms. an association between these health problems and the compulsory use of ge-negative marker vaccines against bovine herpesvirus 1 was presumed by farmers. on one dairy farm an increased milk production of 50% was reported within a few days after parenteral vitamin b12 treatment. therefore, the current study was designed to determine the effect of parenteral ... | 2001 | 11285643 |
| [possibilities for further research of chronic wasting in dairy cows]. | in this study, we reviewed the research that has been conducted in relationship with the problem of 'chronic wasting' in dairy cows in the netherlands as was experienced during 1998 and 1999. emphasis was drawn towards three aspects of this 'chronic wasting'; the definition, the magnitude, and the possible cause or causes. it appeared that a clear, objective definition of 'chronic wasting' in cows, and of farms with a problem of 'chronic wasting' cows is still lacking. furthermore, the incidence ... | 2001 | 11285644 |
| identification of a mutant bovine herpesvirus-1 (bhv-1) in post-arrival outbreaks of ibr in feedlot calves and protection with conventional vaccination. | outbreaks of infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (ibr) have recently been observed in vaccinated feedlot calves in alberta a few months post-arrival. to investigate the cause of these outbreaks, lung and tracheal tissues were collected from calves that died of ibr during a post-arrival outbreak of disease. bovine herpesvirus-1 (bhv-1), the causative agent of ibr, was isolated from 6 out of 15 tissues. of these 6 isolates, 5 failed to react with a monoclonal antibody specific for one of the epitope ... | 2001 | 11346260 |
| risk factors for introduction of bhv1 into bhv1-free dutch dairy farms: a case-control study. | in may 1998, a compulsory eradication programme for bhv1 started in the netherlands. in december 1999 approximately 24% of dutch dairy farms were certified bhv1-free (animal health service (ahs)). ninety-three certified bhv1-free dairy farms participated in a cohort study that investigated the probability of introduction of infectious diseases. the probability of introduction of bhv1 was determined from march 1997 until april 1999. ninety of these farms remained bhv1-free and could be used as co ... | 2001 | 11361102 |
| genetic x environment interactions on blood constituents of angus, brahman, and reciprocal-cross cows and calves grazing common bermudagrass or endophyte-infected tall fescue. | over a 2-yr period, effects of genotype and forage on blood metabolites, enzymes, and minerals were determined in angus, brahman, angus x brahman (sire x dam), and brahman x angus cows, and 129 calves from these cows sired by hereford bulls. cows and calves continuously grazed either common bermudagrass or endophyte-infected 'kentucky-31' tall fescue pastures throughout the year. blood samples were collected via jugular venipuncture in april, august, october (weaning), and november (after 30 d i ... | 2001 | 11374533 |
| [integrated disease control in dairy herds. a case study from the veterinarians' viewpoint]. | integrated control of bovine virus diarrhoea virus, bovine herpesvirus-1, leptospira interrogans serovar hardjo subtype hardjobovis, mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis, and salmonella dublin in dairy herds may provide economic benefits superior to those obtained by sequential disease control, because, among other things, it allows optimization of voluntary culling. however, in practice there are no adequate instruments to establish priorities in voluntary culling. therefore, in this stu ... | 2001 | 11392987 |
| comparative pathogenesis of acute and latent infections of calves with bovine herpesvirus types 1 and 5. | this study was conducted to compare the pathogenesis of acute and latent infections with closely related bovine herpesvirus types 1 (bhv-1) and 5 (bhv-5) in their natural host. two groups of eight calves were inoculated intranasally with bhv-1 or bhv-5. although bhv-1 and bhv-5 similarly replicate in the nasal mucosa after inoculation, both viruses differ markedly in their ability to cause disease, bhv-5 being responsible of some fatal encephalitis while bhv-1 inducing rhinotracheitis. virus iso ... | 2001 | 11402854 |
| [risk and economics of disease introduction to dairy farms]. | a more closed farming system will enhance the success of disease eradication programmes, because the introduction or re-introduction of infectious diseases is less likely. the objective of the study was to obtain input for the development of an on-farm decision support model to calculate the economic consequences of a more closed farming system. the input was based on bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv1), since there were numerous data on this disease, but a more closed farming system will prevent introd ... | 2001 | 11436606 |
| use of chimeric nectin-1(hvec)-related receptors to demonstrate that ability to bind alphaherpesvirus gd is not necessarily sufficient for viral entry. | human nectin-1 (hvec, prr1), a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily and a receptor for the entry of herpes simplex viruses 1 and 2 (hsv-1, hsv-2), pseudorabies virus (prv), and bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv-1), binds to viral gd. for hsv-1, hsv-2, and prv, the gd-binding region of nectin-1 has been localized to the n-terminal v-like domain. to determine whether the two c-like domains of nectin-1 influenced gd binding and entry activity, genes encoding chimeric proteins were constructed. portions ... | 2001 | 11437670 |
| a genetic immunization adjuvant system based on bvp22-antigen fusion. | dna vaccines must induce a greater immune response to be effective in the biomedical industry. therefore, we tested the trafficking trait of the bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv-1) protein vp22 (bvp22) fused to an antigen and applied this unique trait to genetic immunization. dna immunization with bvp22-antigen stimulates immune responses superior to that of standard dna immunization. mice were injected intramuscularly with gene constructs expressing the antigen yellow fluorescent protein (yfp), yfp fu ... | 2001 | 11440628 |
| a retrospective analysis of the infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (bovine herpes virus-1) surveillance program in norway using monte carlo simulation models. | serological surveillance for antibodies against bovine herpes virus type i (bhv-1) which causes infectious bovine rhinotracheitis and infectious pustular vulvovaginitis has been carried out since 1992 in norway. since 1993 (when a single infected herd was detected) all bulk-milk and pooled-serum samples have been negative for bhv-1 antibodies. this paper describes the use of monte carlo simulation models for the analysis and interpretation of the results of the surveillance and provides support ... | 2001 | 11448499 |
| [structure of over lapping region of icp18.5 and gb genes of type 1 bovine herpesvirus strain tk-a]. | nucleotide sequence of dna fragment coding 3'-terminal of ico 18.5 gene that overlaps the regulatory region and 5'-terminal of open reading frame of gb gene of bovine herpesvirus (bhv-1, subtype 1.3), strain tk-a, was determined. comparative analysis of the sequence with the corresponding dna regions of bhv-1, subtype 1.1, equine herpesviruses of the first and fourth types, and porcine pseudorabies virus was performed. | 2001 | 11450144 |
| overexpression of the cd155 gene in human colorectal carcinoma. | the tage4 gene (tumour associated glycoprotein e4) is overexpressed in rat colon tumours and min mouse intestinal adenomas. the rat tage4 protein has approximately 40% identity with human cd155, a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily coding for a transmembrane protein capable of serving as an entry receptor for poliovirus, porcine pseudorabies virus, and bovine herpesvirus 1. analysis of the rat tage4 gene has revealed structural and functional similarities with the human cd155 gene. we ther ... | 2001 | 11454801 |