Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| f cells in gynaecologic malignancy. | red cells containing hb f (f cells) were detected by immunofluorescence using a specific antiserum. in normal persons, the number of f cells was 2.5 +/- 1.1%. a significantly increased number of f cells was found in 65% of patients with cancer of the ovary, 69% of patients with cancer of the endometrium and in 22% of patients with cancer of the cervix. highest values were obtained in cancer of the ovary and endometrium. there was no correlation between the number of f cells and stage of disease ... | 1999 | 94026 |
| [iontophoresis in rheumatic diseases]. | 1999 | 316947 | |
| purification of an acidic nuclear protein antigen and demonstration of its antibodies in subsets of patients with sicca syndrome. | 1999 | 408417 | |
| x-ray absorption spectroscopy of biological molecules. | 1999 | 96725 | |
| [congenital glaucoma in hurler's syndrome and in lowe's syndrome. clinical and electron microscopy findings]. | 2 cases of congenital glaucoma combined with a general metabolic disease are described. 1 patient displayed the symptoms of a mucopolysaccharidosis (hurler's syndrome), the other patient showed the characteristics of lowe's oculo-cerebrorenal syndrome. in both patients a surgical trabeculectomy was performed. the excised tissues were analysed by electron microscopy. distinct vacuolar or fibrillar deposits were observed in both cases in the trabecular region and in schlemm's canal. possibly, thes ... | 1999 | 96681 |
| diagnostic value of determinations of lysosomal hydrolases in csf of patients with neurological diseases. | the activities of four lysosomal acid hydrolases, beta-galactosidase, alpha-mannosidase at ph 4.5 and 5.5, n-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase, and acid phosphatase, have been measured in serum and cerebrospinal fluid from 179 patients with different neurological diseases and from 20 healthy controls. in patients with tumours, decreased activity of beta-galactosidase was found in both serum and cerebrospinal fluid, and in patients with multiple sclerosis and collagen diseases, decreased activities of ... | 1999 | 96653 |
| the or nurse manager. blending an autocratic and democratic approach to lead effectively. | 1999 | 2326857 | |
| excessive pressure for respiratory therapy. | 1999 | 116529 | |
| [effect of imipramine on mitochondrial membrane lipids (proceedings)]. | 1999 | 93912 | |
| effect of provider attitudes in community health decision-making. | 1999 | 4688479 | |
| cervical smear contamination. | 1999 | 93840 | |
| phase and amplitude contrast in electron microscopy of stained biological objects. | for biological objects negatively stained with heavy atom material, electron microscope images show best contrast for image detail on the scale of 10--20 a when a small objective aperture is used. in images taken under the optimum phase contrast imaging conditions of scherzer, the required image detail is lost in unwanted noise. both of these conditions may be described in terms of phase contrast imaging for a thin phase object. calculations of image intensities and noise are reported for a mode ... | 1999 | 93821 |
| studies on the determination of plasma prolactin. | a double antibody solid-phase (dasp) and a plyethylene glycol (peg) radioimmunoassay method for plasma prolactin determination were developed and evaluated as to their reliability. the iodination of prolactin was carried out using a lactoperoxidase sorbent with iodination conditions being optimized by studying the effect of reaction buffer ph in the range 5.0--7.0 at two ionic strengths. with the dasp-technique, intra-assay coefficient of variation was 6% (n = 30) and the inter-assay coefficient ... | 1999 | 96520 |
| [use of the hour-glass method for the study of intestinal microflora]. | 1999 | 89239 | |
| how to write your first book. | many doctors have, at some time or other, the idea of writing a book. this article considers some of the practical problems involved, including dealing with publishers, the formulation of a book proposal, writing individual chapters and desirable features of computer software. | 1999 | 2640686 |
| total-body irradiation with 25-mv photons in advanced non-hodgkin's lymphoma and chronic lymphocytic leukemia. preliminary results and complications. | patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (cll) and non-hodgkin's lymphoma were treated with total-body irradiation (tbi). one group was treated after chemotherapy failed, while the other group received tbi initially. tbi was ineffective against cll after chemotherapy failed. all patients with lymphocytic lymphoma who initially responded to chemotherapy but later relapsed were helped by tbi, as were 88% of patients with previously untreated lymphocytic lymphomas. | 1999 | 96493 |
| [clinico-statistical study of materno-fetal isoimmunization in the clinica ostetrica e ginecologica of the university of modena from 1968 to 1976]. | 1999 | 96389 | |
| [diurnal variations in glucose tolerance in normal subjects and changes induced by oral glibenclamide]. | 1999 | 96388 | |
| [parenteral nutrition in acute uremia in the surgical patient]. | 1999 | 96386 | |
| case for diagnosis. | 1999 | 96362 | |
| [radiotoxic effects of tritium from tritiated water. study of lethal and mutagenic effects. inactivation of lysogenic bacteriophages by tritium decay (proceedings)]. | 1999 | 93453 | |
| properties of four molecular forms of n-acetyl-beta-d-hexosaminidase isolated from germinating seeds of fenugreek (trigonella foenum graecum). | 1999 | 25183 | |
| safety to laparoscopy. | 1999 | 85821 | |
| malignant fibrous histocytoma producing spinal cord compression. | three cases of malignant fibrous histiocytoma presented as primary paraspinal tumours causing extradural spinal cord compression. study of these cases suggests that pain relief is considerable after laminectomy but pain may recur with further tumour growth. total removal is unrealistic and diagnosis, difficult. the prognosis in terms of continuing neurological deficit after surgery followed by local radiotherapy appears poor. | 1999 | 91666 |
| comparison between hla-d (lcl) and dr typing. | 1999 | 93807 | |
| the prognosis of intraventricular hemorrhage. | a series of 40 patients with blood in the cerebral ventricular system demonstrated by computed tomography (ct) is presented. overall prognosis was found to be better than expected from the literature. nearly half of the patients are still alive; 12 of the 40 patients in this study had no significant residual disability. the results suggest that the rupture into the ventricular system by itself is of minor importance. however the clinical condition of the patient on admission, site and origin of ... | 1999 | 93626 |
| utilization of emergency room at an army hospital: an initial report. | 1999 | 96363 | |
| [bactericidal activities of various disinfectants in response to the concentration, period of exposure and addition of blood serum (author's transl)]. | 1999 | 115944 | |
| isolation and characterization of a highly repetitious inverted terminal repeat sequence from oxytricha macronuclear dna. | the low-complexity "gene-sized" linear dna duplexes of the oxytricha macronucleus sport short inverted terminal repeats; thus, each single strand is capable of forming a circle held together by a duplex "neck" [wesley, r. d. (1975) porc. natl. acad. sci. usa 72, 678--682]. we have isolated necks from total, circularized, single-stranded macronuclear dna by treatment with nuclease s1. necks represent at least 2.2% of the total dna, are homogeneous in size (23 base pairs), melt at 55 degrees in 0. ... | 1999 | 96439 |
| role of the pediatric nurse clinician in early identification of potential child abuse. | 1999 | 96373 | |
| hypertension. | 1999 | 96793 | |
| [cardiac amyloidosis: clinical, x-ray, electric, hemodynamic, developmental and pathological aspects. apropos of 85 cases collected from french cardiology departments]. | 85 cases of cardiac amyloidosis have been collected from the university cardiac departments of france. four distinct clinical pictures have emerged: 1. primary cardiac amyloidosis (36 cases) which combines: congestive cardiac failure, ecg signs (extreme axis deviation, low voltage, signs of myocardial necrosis), arrhythmias (67%), and a rapidly fatal outcome (23.2 m +/- 8.5); 2. cardiac amyloidosis associated with a marked neuromuscular amyloidosis (8 cases), in patients of portuguese extraction ... | 1999 | 96754 |
| hemolysis induced by cefazolin and cephalothin in a patient with penicillin sensitivity. | a patient with penicillin sensitivity, who had never received a cephalosporin antibiotic previously, developed anemia and spherocytosis following the administration of cefazolin. hemolysis abated when the drug was discontinued on the fourth day, and recurred on day six when cephalothin therapy was begun. igg and complement components were present on the patient's erythrocytes, and igg antibodies in her serum reacted with normal red blood cells which had been coated with benzylpenicillin, cefazol ... | 1999 | 96555 |
| transplantation of the endocrine pancreas. | 1999 | 98957 | |
| mutagenic effects of petrol in drosophila melanogaster i. effects of benzene and 1,2-dichloroethane. | commercial petrol and two of its components, benzene and 1,2-dichloroethane, were tested for mutagenicity in drosophila melanogaster. the chemicals were given to larvae through their food supply. a genetically unstable sexlinked test system caused by a transposable genetic element was used. mutagenicity was measured by the frequency of somatic mutations for eye pigmentation. commercial petrol and 1,2-dichloroethane showed mutagenic activity. with the system used, benzene did not show any mutagen ... | 1999 | 96337 |
| [congential analgesia]. | 1999 | 93394 | |
| composition and potential use of some tropical fruits. | the nutritional role fruits could play in poor-quality diets, as sources of vitamin a and ascorbic acid, is described. likewise, summarized information is presented on the use of some unknown tropical fruits relatively abundant in central america as components of high-protein foods, providing nutrients such as provitamin a and ascorbic acid, as well as a variety of flavors. in these studies the fruit pulp as a purée was added either fresh or drum-dried, to a corn-soybean blend. in all cases ther ... | 1999 | 96749 |
| diagnosis and staging of prostatic cancer by transrectal ultrasonography. a preliminary study. | sixty men (7 normal, 53 with prostatic disease) underwent transrectal ultrasonic scanning of their prostates in order to assess the technique and evaluate its reliability in the detection and staging of prostatic cancer. the prostatic capsule was clearly seen in 58 men; non-integrity of the capsule occurred only in those with proven cancer (17 cases). an ultrasound diagnosis of cancer was made for 32 of 33 men with proven disease and it was shown that ultrasound demonstrated anterior perforation ... | 1999 | 93975 |
| device for correlating ct and radiation therapy portal images. | 1999 | 116519 | |
| [etiology of tooth mobility and methods of decreasing pathological tooth mobility]. | 1999 | 96397 | |
| amylase/creatinine clearance ratio and tubular proteinuria in acute pancreatitis. | amylase/creatinine clearance ratio (cam/ccr), urinary protein concentration and urinary protein pattern were studied in 102 samples from 27 patients with acute pancreatitis and in 46 controls. raised cam/ccr, proteinuria and a tubular protein pattern were present in 74, 56 and 96% of the patients, respectively. however, cam/ccr and proteinuria and cam/ccr and tubular protein pattern were not correlated. these results do not support the suggestion that an elevated cam/ccr in acute pancreatitis is ... | 1999 | 94020 |
| [metabolic aspects of the complications of burns]. | 1999 | 96385 | |
| external cardiac compression. | 1999 | 95737 | |
| treatment of myasthenia gravis. report on 139 patients. | in the treatment of myasthenia gravis (mg) considerable progress has recently been achieved. our experience is based on the observation of 139 patients with an average follow-up of 3 years and 4 months. a treatment plan and results are presented. indications for thymectomy: all cases of mg in adult life, apart from ocular myasthenia without radiological thymoma and without electrophysiological and pharmacological signs of generalization; before puberty only cases with radiological thymoma and se ... | 1999 | 93623 |
| models of b lymphocyte activation in the immune response: a critical review. | 1999 | 88924 | |
| enhancement of the proliferation of murine fetal liver erythroid progenitors by infection with harvey sarcoma virus. | we recently developed a new progenitor assay using murine fetal liver cells that provides a source of pluripotent progenitors, bipotent progenitors, and committed macrophage, megakaryocyte, erythroid, and mast cell progenitors. this clonal cell culture system was used to examine the direct effects of harvey sarcoma virus on murine hemopoietic progenitors. very large erythroid colonies containing 100,000 to 200,000 cells were seen in the infected group. only small erythroid colonies were seen in ... | 1999 | 2156115 |
| is maintenance digoxin necessary in patients with sinus rhythm? | discontinuation of digoxin in 56 patients with sinus rhythm who had been taking it for a long time did not produce clinical deterioration in 33 of 34 patients whose pre-withdrawal steady-state plasma-digoxin concentration was less than 0.8 ng/ml; fast atrial fibrillation developed in the other patient. 22 patients had plasma-digoxin levels between 0.8 and 2.0 ng/ml before withdrawal--of these, 7 deteriorated without digoxin (5 had atrial fibrillation, which was associated with congestive heart-f ... | 1999 | 85161 |
| cml target determinant segregating independently of hla in an old-order amish family. | 1999 | 93810 | |
| acute severe jaundice in a young patient. | 1999 | 2133196 | |
| enzymes of nitrogen metabolism in legume nodules. purification and properties of nadh-dependent glutamate synthase from lupin nodules. | an nadh-dependent glutamate synthase has been purified 500-fold from the plant cytoplasm fraction of lupinus angustifolius nodules. it consists of a single polypeptide chain, mr 235000. the optimum ph is 8.5, at which km values for 2-oxoglutarate, glutamine and nadh are 39 micrometer, 400 micrometer and 1.3 micrometer respectively. the catalytic centre activity is of the order of 70 s-1 and is independent of ph between 6.5 and 9.5. glutamate synthase is inhibited by glutamic acid, oxaloacetic ac ... | 1999 | 21790 |
| [plasmapheresis in series in pregnant women severely sensitized to rh factor]. | 1999 | 96495 | |
| sub-specificities of hepatitis bs antigen. | a preliminary survey of hbsag subtypes shows that ayw is the most common subtype in pakistan. adw. was detected in one blood donor and ayr in a baluchi female with acute viral hepatitis. | 1999 | 96287 |
| [structuro-functional analysis of identified grape snail neurons]. | the study of microanatomy of central neurons in helix pomatia showed that each identified neurone has a constant number of definitely directed processes. the branching pattern of the processes is also specific for each neurone, but in the same cell the number of the branches may vary. it is concluded, that the general morphology of the neurone is its sufficiently stable characteristic and may serve as a criterion for its identification. the possible functional role of different types of the neur ... | 1999 | 93832 |
| antimicrobial effects of psidium guajava extract as one mechanism of its antidiarrhoeal action. | a morphine-like spasmolytic action (not naloxone reversible; involving the inhibition of acetylcholine release) and also effects on the transmural transport of electrolytes (na(+) and k(+)) and water have been reported as possible modes of the antidiarrhoeal action of polar fractions of psidium guajava leaf extractives. the objective for this study was to verify if the reported modes of the antidiarrhoeal action should be broadened to include direct antimicrobial actions on some of the more comm ... | 1999 | 22589684 |
| [a case report: a small outbreak of flexner dysentery in a kindergarten]. | 1999 | 10852012 | |
| comparison of six dose-response models for use with food-borne pathogens. | food-related illness in the united states is estimated to affect over six million people per year and cost the economy several billion dollars. these illnesses and costs could be reduced if minimum infectious doses were established and used as the basis of regulations and monitoring. however, standard methodologies for dose-response assessment are not yet formulated for microbial risk assessment. the objective of this study was to compare dose-response models for food-borne pathogens and determi ... | 1999 | 10765449 |
| cell adhesion molecules in the pathogenesis of and host defence against microbial infection. | eukaryotic cell adhesion molecules (cams) are used by various cells and extracellular molecules in host defence against infection. they are involved in many processes including recognition by circulating phagocytes of a site of inflammation, transmigration through the endothelial barrier, diapedesis through basement membrane and extracellular matrix, and release of effector mechanisms at the infected site. cams involved in leucocyte-endothelial cell interaction include the selectins, integrins, ... | 1999 | 10694943 |
| [functional heterogeneity of polymorphonuclear leukocytes population in peripheral blood of patients with acute dysentery]. | to study chemiluminescence (cl) of polymorphonuclear neutrophils (pmnl) in peripheral blood of patients with acute mild and moderate dysentery caused by shig. flexneri in response to re- and s-chemotype lipopolysaccharide (lps) sh. flexneri and agonists fmlp, pma and oz. | 1999 | 10626327 |
| hiv infection as a risk factor for shigellosis. | we investigated cases of shigellosis in san francisco and alameda counties identified during 1996 by active laboratory surveillance to assess the role of hiv infection as a risk factor for shigellosis. dramatically elevated rates of shigellosis in hiv-infected persons implicate hiv infection as an important risk factor for shigellosis in san francisco. | 1999 | 10603219 |
| inducible acid tolerance mechanisms in enteric bacteria. | enteric micro-organisms have developed several inducible mechanisms for surviving transient periods of extreme acid stress. salmonella typhimurium possesses an acid tolerance response (atr) induced in minimal medium by short exposures to mild acid stress. more than 50 acid shock proteins (asps) are induced during adaptation. eight asps are regulated by the major iron regulatory protein, fur, in an unusual iron-independent manner. the two-component regulator, phop, is an autoinduced asp that cont ... | 1999 | 10207913 |
| enteropathogenic e. coli, salmonella, and shigella: masters of host cell cytoskeletal exploitation. | bacterial pathogens have evolved numerous strategies to exploit their host's cellular processes so that they can survive and persist. often, a bacterium must adhere very tightly to the cells and mediate its effects extracellularly, or it must find a way to invade the host's cells and survive intracellularly. in either case, the pathogen hijacks the host's cytoskeleton. the cytoskeleton provides a flexible framework for the cell and is involved in mediating numerous cellular functions, from cell ... | 1999 | 10221873 |
| safety and immunogenicity of shigella sonnei and shigella flexneri 2a o-specific polysaccharide conjugates in children. | o-specific polysaccharide conjugates of shigellae were safe and immunogenic in young adults, and a shigella sonnei conjugate conferred protection [1-3]. shigellosis is primarily a disease of children; therefore, the safety and immunogenicity of s. sonnei and shigella flexneri 2a conjugates were studied in 4- to 7-year-old children. local and systemic reactions were minimal. the first injection of both conjugates elicited significant rises in geometric mean levels of serum igg only to the homolog ... | 1999 | 10228084 |
| the unipolar shigella surface protein icsa is targeted directly to the bacterial old pole: icsp cleavage of icsa occurs over the entire bacterial surface. | shigella flexneri is an intracellular pathogen that is able to move within the cytoplasm of infected cells by the continual assembly of actin onto one pole of the bacterium. icsa, an outer membrane protein, is localized to the old pole of the bacterium and is both necessary and sufficient for actin assembly. icsa is slowly cleaved from the bacterial surface by the protease icsp (sopa). absence of icsp leads to an alteration in the distribution of surface icsa, such that the polar cap is maintain ... | 1999 | 10231492 |
| shigella flexneri ysh6000 induces two types of cell death, apoptosis and oncosis, in the differentiated human monoblastic cell line u937. | shigella flexneri, but not a non-invasive mutant derivative rapidly induced cell death in human monoblastic u937 cells as well as in differentiated cells pretreated with interferon-gamma (ifn gamma) or retinoic acid (ra). we investigated the morphological and biochemical characteristics of bacterial invasion-induced cell death in these differentiated u937 cells. ifn gamma-differentiated cells showed morphological changes typical of apoptosis and their dna was cleaved giving a ladder-like electro ... | 1999 | 10234825 |
| a comparative study of the actin-based motilities of the pathogenic bacteria listeria monocytogenes, shigella flexneri and rickettsia conorii. | listeria monocytogenes, shigella flexneri, and rickettsia conorii are three bacterial pathogens that are able to polymerize actin into 'comet tail' structures and move within the cytosol of infected cells. the actin-based motilities of l. monocytogenes and s. flexneri are known to require the bacterial proteins acta and icsa, respectively, and several mammalian cytoskeleton proteins including the arp2/3 complex and vasp (vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein) for l. monocytogenes and vinculin an ... | 1999 | 10318762 |
| trafficking of shigella lipopolysaccharide in polarized intestinal epithelial cells. | bacterial lipopolysaccharide (lps) at the apical surface of polarized intestinal epithelial cells was previously shown to be transported from the apical to the basolateral pole of the epithelium (beatty, w.l., and p.j. sansonetti. 1997. infect. immun. 65:4395-4404). the present study was designed to elucidate the transcytotic pathway of lps and to characterize the endocytic compartments involved in this process. confocal and electron microscopic analyses revealed that lps internalized at the api ... | 1999 | 10330399 |
| the effectiveness of triclosan-incorporated plastic against bacteria on beef surfaces. | triclosan is a nonionic, broad-spectrum, antimicrobial agent that has been incorporated into a variety of personal hygiene products, including hand soaps, deodorants, shower gels, mouthwashes, and toothpastes. in this study, plastic containing 1,500 ppm of triclosan was evaluated in plate overlay assays and meat experiments as a means of reducing populations of bacteria. plate overlay assays indicated that the triclosan-incorporated plastic (tip) inhibited the following organisms: brochothrix th ... | 1999 | 10340667 |
| [lipopolysaccharide from photosynthetic bacteria blocks ca2+ response of human neutrophils induced by endotoxins from shigella flexneri and its re-mutant]. | 1999 | 10347828 | |
| a low rate of nucleotide changes in escherichia coli k-12 estimated from a comparison of the genome sequences between two different substrains. | two genome sequences of escherichia coli k-12 substrains, one partial w3110 and one complete mg1655, have been determined by japanese and american genome projects, respectively. in order to estimate the rate of nucleotide changes, we directly compared 2 mb of the nucleotide sequences from these closely-related e. coli substrains. given that the two substrains separated about 40 years ago, the rate of nucleotide changes was estimated to be less than 10(-7) per site per year. this rate was support ... | 1999 | 10350060 |
| a functional role for ezrin during shigella flexneri entry into epithelial cells. | shigella flexneri is an enteroinvasive bacterium responsible for bacillary dysentery in humans. bacterial entry into epithelial cells is a crucial step for the establishment of the infection. it is characterized by a transient reorganization of the host cell cytoskeleton at the site of bacterial interaction with the cell membrane, which leads to bacterial engulfment by a macropinocytic process. we show in this study that the membrane-cytoskeleton linker, ezrin, a member of the erm (ezrin, radixi ... | 1999 | 10362536 |
| rho family gtpases control entry of shigella flexneri into epithelial cells but not intracellular motility. | shigella flexneri, an invasive bacterial pathogen, promotes formation of two cytoskeletal structures: the entry focus that mediates bacterial uptake into epithelial cells and the actin-comet tail that enables the bacteria to spread intracellularly. during the entry step, secretion of bacterial invasins causes a massive burst of subcortical actin polymerization leading the formation of localised membrane projections. fusion of these membrane ruffles leads to bacterial internalization. inside the ... | 1999 | 10362537 |
| an untypeable shigella flexneri strain associated with an outbreak in california. | eleven shigella flexneri (group b) isolates were recovered from epidemiologically linked patrons and food handlers from a restaurant-associated outbreak of shigellosis. six isolates available for pulsed-field gel electrophoresis were identical. all strains agglutinated in group b and subgroup factor 6 sera but not in group 1 through group 6 sera. | 1999 | 10364614 |
| functional analysis of the o antigen glucosylation gene cluster of shigella flexneri bacteriophage sfx. | previous studies have shown that shigella flexneri bacteriophage x (sfx) encodes a glucosyltransferase (gtrx, formerly gtr), which is involved in o antigen modification (serotype y to serotype x). however, gtrx alone can only mediate a partial conversion. more recently, a three-gene cluster has been identified next to the attachment site in the genome of two other s. flexneri bacteriophages (i.e. sfv and sfii). this gene cluster was postulated to be responsible for a full o antigen conversion. h ... | 1999 | 10376843 |
| vaccination against shigellosis with attenuated shigella flexneri 2a strain sc602. | the shigella flexneri 2a sc602 vaccine candidate carries deletions of the plasmid-borne virulence gene icsa (mediating intra- and intercellular spread) and the chromosomal locus iuc (encoding aerobactin) (s. barzu, a. fontaine, p. j. sansonetti, and a. phalipon, infect. immun. 64:1190-1196, 1996). dose selection studies showed that sc602 causes shigellosis in a majority of volunteers when 3 x 10(8) or 2 x 10(6) cfu are ingested. in contrast, a dose of 10(4) cfu was associated with transient feve ... | 1999 | 10377124 |
| population-based study of the incidence of shigella diarrhea and causative serotypes in santiago, chile. | shigella is an important cause of diarrheal disease in children in developing countries. the increasing prevalence of antibiotic-resistant strains has stimulated interest in the use of multivalent shigella vaccines. because shigella vaccines under development are based on eliciting immunity to o antigens, monitoring the distribution of serotypes in defined target populations is critical. we initiated health center-based surveillance in a poor semirural community in colina, santiago (7489 childre ... | 1999 | 10391178 |
| comparative study on the in vitro antibacterial activity of australian tea tree oil, cajuput oil, niaouli oil, manuka oil, kanuka oil, and eucalyptus oil. | to compare the antibacterial activity of the australian tea tree oil (tto) with various other medicinally and commercially important essential myrtaceous oils (cajuput oil, niaouli oil, kanuka oil, manuka oil, and eucalyptus oil) the essential oils were first analysed by gc-ms and then tested against various bacteria using a broth microdilution method. the highest activity was obtained by tto, with mic values of 0.25% for enterobacter aerogenes, escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae, proteus m ... | 1999 | 10399193 |
| the aerobactin iron transport system genes in shigella flexneri are present within a pathogenicity island. | genes encoding the synthesis and transport of aerobactin, a hydroxamate siderophore associated with increased virulence of enteric bacteria, were mapped within a pathogenicity island in shigella flexneri. the island, designated shi-2 for shigella pathogenicity island 2, was located downstream of selc, the site of insertion of pathogenicity islands in several other enteric pathogens. dna sequence analysis revealed the presence of multiple insertion sequences upstream and downstream of the aerobac ... | 1999 | 10411724 |
| the selc-associated shi-2 pathogenicity island of shigella flexneri. | pathogenicity islands are chromosomal gene clusters, often located adjacent to trna genes, that encode virulence factors present in pathogenic organisms but absent or sporadically found in related non-pathogenic species. the selc trna locus is the site of integration of different pathogenicity islands in uropathogenic escherichia coli, enterohaemorrhagic e. coli and salmonella enterica. we show here that the selc locus of shigella flexneri, the aetiological agent of bacterial dysentery, also con ... | 1999 | 10411725 |
| thymic independence of adaptive immunity to the intracellular pathogen shigella flexneri serotype 2a. | shigella flexneri is a facultative intracellular pathogen. while immunity to several intracellular pathogens is mediated by t lymphocytes, it is unknown whether cellular immune responses are important to adaptive immunity to s. flexneri. we show that vaccination with s. flexneri serotype 2a confers protection to mice that lack t lymphocytes or gamma interferon (ifn-gamma), specific depletion of t lymphocytes does not alter the protection, and adoptive transfer of splenocytes from vaccinated mice ... | 1999 | 10417163 |
| transcriptional activation of agrobacterium tumefaciens virulence gene promoters in escherichia coli requires the a. tumefaciens rpoa gene, encoding the alpha subunit of rna polymerase. | the two-component regulatory system, composed of vira and virg, is indispensable for transcription of virulence genes within agrobacterium tumefaciens. however, vira and virg are insufficient to activate transcription from virulence gene promoters within escherichia coli cells, indicating a requirement for additional a. tumefaciens genes. in a search for these additional genes, we have identified the rpoa gene, encoding the alpha subunit of rna polymerase (rnap), which confers significant expres ... | 1999 | 10419950 |
| serotype 1a o-antigen modification: molecular characterization of the genes involved and their novel organization in the shigella flexneri chromosome. | the factors responsible for serotype 1a o-antigen modification in shigella flexneri were localized to a 5.8-kb chromosomal hindiii fragment of serotype 1a strain y53. the entire 5.8-kb fragment and regions up- and downstream of it (10.6-kb total) were sequenced. a putative three-gene operon, which showed homology with other serotype conversion genes, was identified and shown to confer serotype 1a o-antigen modification. the serotype conversion genes were flanked on either side by phage dna. mult ... | 1999 | 10419979 |
| antimicrobial activity of byrsonima crassifolia (l.) h.b.k. | from byrsonima crassifolia (l.) h.b.k. a tropical tree widely distributed in mexico, central and south america, which has been used medicinally since prehispanic times, we report here the antibacterial activities of organic extracts of roots and stems. the ethyl acetate of roots was the most active against klebsiella pneumoniae, pseudomonas aeruginosa, salmonella typhi, shigella flexneri, staphylococcus aureus, staphylococcus epididermis, streptococcus pneumoniae and micrococcus luteus. | 1999 | 10432211 |
| [in vitro activity of trovafloxacin, of other fluoroquinolones and of related antimicrobials against clinical isolates. grupo colaborativo whonet-argentina]. | the in vitro activity of trovafloxacin (trv) has been evaluated in comparison with that of other antimicrobial agents against 5671 clinical isolates recovered by representative institutions of different provinces in our country. the resistance percentage to gentamicin and third generation cephalosporins among enterobacteriaceae was high: 17% and 16% respectively, with a considerable variation according to the analyzed species. the resistance to ciprofloxacin (cip) and trv affected approximately ... | 1999 | 10436549 |
| detection of shigella spp. in food with a nested pcr method-sensitivity and performance compared with a conventional culture method. | a nested pcr method was developed and its performance evaluated by detection of shigella flexneri in food. the nested pcr amplifies sequences within an invasion-associated locus (ial) on the invasion plasmid specific for shigella and enteroinvasive eschrichia coli (eiec). the nested pcr detected sh. flexneri in lettuce inoculated with 2, 20 and 200 cfu g-1 after 1, 7 and 18 d of storage, respectively. in comparison, a culture method (nmkl no. 151) detected 10(5) cfu g-1 after 1 but not after 7 d ... | 1999 | 10438226 |
| the shigella flexneri bacteriophage sf6 tailspike protein (tsp)/endorhamnosidase is related to the bacteriophage p22 tsp and has a motif common to exo- and endoglycanases, and c-5 epimerases. | the temperate bacteriophage sf6 infects shigella flexneri strains of serotype x or y, converting them into serotypes 3a or 3b, respectively. the tailspike protein (tsp) of sf6 possesses endo-1,3-alpha-l-rhamnosidase (endorhamnosidase) activity which results in cleavage of the lipopolysaccharide o-antigen receptor during the adsorption of the phage to the cell surface. when used in southern hybridization, a p22 gene 9 (encoding p22 tsp) dna probe hybridized with restriction fragment pstl-7 of sf6 ... | 1999 | 10439404 |
| novel self-sampling culture method to monitor excretion of live, oral shigella flexneri 2a vaccine sc602 during a community-based phase 1 trial. | a culture technique for assessing the excretion of live enteric vaccines was developed and verified during an outpatient safety trial of the shigella flexneri 2a sc602 vaccine. preliminary studies showed that sc602 could be recovered on hektoen enteric (he) agar plates that had been inoculated with seeded stools in one quadrant, held for up to 48 hours, streaked for isolation, and incubated for 24 +/- 6 hours. recovery results on he plates held at 4 degrees c and 25 degrees c were comparable; ho ... | 1999 | 10444027 |
| identification of bacterial proteins observed in maldi tof mass spectra from whole cells. | characteristic ions in the maldi tof mass spectra from bacterial cells have been associated with four known proteins. the proteins, observed both from cells and in filtered cellular suspensions, were isolated by hplc and identified on the basis of their mass spectra and their partial amino acid sequence, determined using the edman method (10-15 residues). the acid resistance proteins hdea and hdeb give rise to ions near m/z 9735 and 9060 in maldi tof mass spectra from cells and from extracts of ... | 1999 | 10450164 |
| immune response to rotavirus vp4 expressed in an attenuated strain of shigella flexneri. | an attenuated strain of shigella flexneri was utilised to express viral protein (vp) 4 of rotavirus and the immunogenicity of the recombinant constructs was studied in balb/c mice. vp4 was expressed as a fusion with maltose binding protein (mbp) in both the cytoplasm and periplasm, with a much higher level of expression occurring in the former. while all constructs induced a shigella-specific response in mice, only the construct expressing mbp-vp4 in the cytoplasm of shigella stimulated an immun ... | 1999 | 10459583 |
| quantitative analysis of igg class and subclass and iga serum response to shigella sonnei and shigella flexneri 2a polysaccharides following vaccination with shigella conjugate vaccines. | it has been recently reported that a conjugate vaccine composed of the o-specific polysaccharide of s. sonnei bound to pseudomonas aeruginosa recombinant exoprotein a (repa) conferred 74% protection against s. sonnei shigellosis. in the present study affinity purified shigella antibodies were used as standards to quantify and characterize the serum antibody response to vaccination with shigella sonnei or shigella flexneri 2a polysaccharide conjugated to repa. the geometric mean concentrations of ... | 1999 | 10462247 |
| membrane vesicles derived from pseudomonas aeruginosa and shigella flexneri can be integrated into the surfaces of other gram-negative bacteria. | incubation of intact salmonella typhi ty21a, salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium (salmonella typhimurium) aroa or escherichia coli dh5 alpha with membrane vesicles (mvs) derived from either shigella flexneri m90t or pseudomonas aeruginosa dsp89 resulted in a significant incorporation of vesicle antigens into the outer membrane of the bacteria; each recipient strain possessed a surface mosaic of new shigella and pseudomonas antigens intermixed with the native antigens of the salmonella or esc ... | 1999 | 10463171 |
| [kaopectate in the combined treatment of patients with intestinal infections]. | the paper presents results of multiple-modality treatment of patients with acute intestinal infections with making use of the drug preparation kaopectate incorporating activated attapulgite which is a natural mixture of hydrates of magnesium silicate and silicate of alumina. the above drug has been shown to be endowed with a antidiarrheal and detoxifying activities. | 1999 | 10474963 |
| comparative value of colonic biopsy and intraluminal fluid culture for diagnosis of bacterial acute colitis in immunocompetent patients. infectious colitis study group. | we compared the yield of intraluminal fluid culture to that of biopsy specimens obtained during colonoscopy for the diagnosis of bacterial colitis in 93 immunocompetent patients with a recent episode of diarrhea and macroscopic lesions of colitis. stool culture findings were also available for 68 patients. at least one bacterial pathogen was isolated from the biopsy specimen, intraluminal fluid, or stool from 48 patients (51.6%). salmonella species, clostridium difficile, klebsiella oxytoca, shi ... | 1999 | 10476742 |
| apoptosis of murine peritoneal macrophages induced by an avian pathogenic strain of escherichia coli. | the mechanisms used by avian strains of escherichia coli to invade the respiratory epithelia, leading to septicemia in poultry, are not well-established. in this work, we show that resident murine peritoneal macrophages infected in vitro with an avian strain of e. coli underwent apoptosis 4 h after infection (55.6% of apoptosis in infected cells versus 3.5% in non-infected cells). heat-inactivated bacteria did not induce apoptosis and the inhibition of phagocytosis by pretreatment of cells with ... | 1999 | 10481089 |
| typing and characterization of mechanisms of resistance of shigella spp. isolated from feces of children under 5 years of age from ifakara, tanzania. | eighty-six strains of shigella spp. were isolated during the dry season from stool samples of children under 5 years of age in ifakara, tanzania. the epidemiological relationship as well as the antimicrobial susceptibility and mechanisms of resistance to ampicillin, chloramphenicol, and co-trimoxazole were investigated. four different epidemiological tools, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge), repetitive extragenic palindromic (rep)-pcr, plasmid analysis, and antibiogram, were compared for t ... | 1999 | 10488163 |
| activation of the cdc42 effector n-wasp by the shigella flexneri icsa protein promotes actin nucleation by arp2/3 complex and bacterial actin-based motility. | to propel itself in infected cells, the pathogen shigella flexneri subverts the cdc42-controlled machinery responsible for actin assembly during filopodia formation. using a combination of bacterial motility assays in platelet extracts with escherichia coli expressing the shigella icsa protein and in vitro analysis of reconstituted systems from purified proteins, we show here that the bacterial protein icsa binds n-wasp and activates it in a cdc42-like fashion. dramatic stimulation of actin asse ... | 1999 | 10491394 |
| treatment with succinic anhydride improves the immunogenicity of shigella flexneri type 2a o-specific polysaccharide-protein conjugates in mice. | seroepidemiological data and a clinical trial with a shigella sonnei o-specific polysaccharide (o-sp)-pseudomonas aeruginosa recombinant exoprotein a (repa) conjugate provide evidence that a critical level of immunoglobulin g (igg) lipopolysaccharide (lps) antibodies in serum confers protection against shigellosis. we evaluated the immunogenicity of conjugates whose carrier proteins and o-sps were treated with succinic anhydride (sa), which reacts with amino groups at neutral ph to form amide-li ... | 1999 | 10496944 |
| preincubation of recombinant ipa proteins of shigella sonnei promotes entry of non-invasive escherichia coli into hela cells. | invasion plasmid antigens of shigella sonnei, ipab, c, d, were expressed as fusion proteins either with maltose-binding protein (mbp) or strept-tag sequence. affinity-purified ipab and ipad were separated from mbp by digestion with factor xa. recombinant ipac having strept-tag sequence at its c-terminal was also purified by avidin affinity column chromatography. these recombinant proteins showed the ability to cause non-invasive escherichia coli k-12 to internalize hela cell only when all of the ... | 1999 | 10502463 |
| [the assessment of the course of an infectious process by the membrane status of the peripheral blood lymphocytes]. | lipid peroxidation in lymphocyte membranes is studied in patients with acute viral hepatitis b and b + c and in chronic alcoholics with flexner's dysentery and with uneventful premorbid history. the intensity of lipid peroxidation in lymphocytes was increased, corresponding to the severity and period of infection. the premorbid background and therapy influenced the lymphocyte membrane status, which can serve as an integral indicator of immunological reactivity of the organism. | 1999 | 10502924 |
| global burden of shigella infections: implications for vaccine development and implementation of control strategies. | few studies provide data on the global morbidity and mortality caused by infection with shigella spp.; such estimates are needed, however, to plan strategies of prevention and treatment. here we report the results of a review of the literature published between 1966 and 1997 on shigella infection. the data obtained permit calculation of the number of cases of shigella infection and the associated mortality occurring worldwide each year, by age, and (as a proxy for disease severity) by clinical c ... | 1999 | 10516787 |
| potentiality of tricyclic compound thioridazine as an effective antibacterial and antiplasmid agent. | thioridazine (th), which is therapeutically used in psychiatric patients, was found to possess conspicuous antimicrobial activity when tested against 316 strains belonging to a number of gram positive and gram negative bacteria. although staphylococcus aureus, vibrio chloerae and v. parahaemolyticus were found to be most sensitive, th was highly bactericidal against s. aureus and bacteriostatic for vibrios and other gram negative organisms. in the study of antiplasmid/curing effect of th on twel ... | 1999 | 10522156 |