Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| bacterial pneumonia in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. | eighteen episodes of community-acquired bacterial pneumonia were diagnosed in 13 patients among 336 with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) cared for at memorial sloan-kettering cancer center since 1979. bacterial pathogens isolated in 16 of 18 episodes were haemophilus influenzae in 8, streptococcus pneumoniae in 6, group b streptococcus in 1, and branhamella catarrhalis in 1. eight episodes were presumed pneumocystis carinii pneumonia until cultures obtained at bronchoscopy confirme ... | 1986 | 3484420 |
| in vitro activity of an orally administered cephalosporin, ly164846, against potentially pathogenic respiratory and dermal bacterial isolates. | the antibacterial activity of ly164846, a new orally administered semisynthetic cephalosporin, was compared with that of amoxicillin-clavulanic acid against 492 potentially pathogenic respiratory tract and dermal isolates. against groups a, b, and g streptococci; pneumococci; staphylococci (other than methicillin resistant); haemophilus influenzae; branhamella catarrhalis; and meningococci, the mics for 90% of strains tested of ly164846 and amoxicillin-clavulanic acid were less than or equal to ... | 1986 | 3486628 |
| purification and properties of a beta-lactamase produced by branhamella catarrhalis. | a beta-lactamase from branhamella catarrhalis was purified by column chromatography. the purified enzyme hydrolyzed penicillins, such as ampicillin, carbenicillin, and piperacillin, more rapidly than cephalosporins. furthermore, the enzyme hydrolyzed cefotaxime and cefmenoxime. the molecular weight of the enzyme was 33,000. the pi was 5.4. | 1986 | 3486631 |
| characteristics of human b cells responsive to the t-independent mitogen branhamella catarrhalis. | non-t cells from tonsil or blood were fractionated according to buoyant density, isotype of surface immunoglobulin, or the ability to form rosettes with mouse erythrocytes. each fraction was tested for the ability to proliferate in response to b. catarrhalis (bc) and, for comparison, staphylococcus aureus cowan 1 (sac) or an mlr supernatant (tf). cells in all density fractions responded to bc, the greatest response occurring in the high-density cell fraction. sac could similarly induce prolifera ... | 1986 | 3486820 |
| incidence of branhamella catarrhalis in the sputa of patients with chronic lung disease. | the incidence of branhamella catarrhalis in the respiratory tract of adults, especially in the united states, is not known. during the 30-month period from january 1983 to june 1985, 4180 sputum and endotracheal samples from patients in a hospital for chest diseases were evaluated. all samples were acceptable for gram-stain analysis and/or culture based on published cellular criteria. using primarily gram-stain directed cultures, 220 isolates of b. catarrhalis were identified in 180 patients, be ... | 1986 | 3488188 |
| the incidence and antibiotic susceptibility of branhamella catarrhalis in respiratory infections. | the incidence of branhamella catarrhalis in respiratory infections at city hospital, edinburgh from january 1981 to april 1984 is described. beginning in january 1982 there was an increased incidence associated with a high proportion of beta-lactamase-producing strains. the number of these strains increased: from january 1981 to april 1983, 61% of strains produced beta-lactamase, and 83% produced beta-lactamase from january to april 1984. 53% of patients were infected in hospital. environmental ... | 1986 | 3488189 |
| upper respiratory tract infections. ecological and therapeutic aspects of beta-lactamase production with special reference to branhamella catarrhalis. | available data indicate that the most common beta-lactamase produced by branhamella catarrhalis is plasmid mediated. the same enzyme occurs in moraxella nonliquefaciens, a commensal in the upper respiratory tract. the ability to produce the enzyme, which is known as bro-1, can be transferred by conjugation from m. nonliquefaciens to b. catarrhalis. since the first beta-lactamase-producing strains of b. catarrhalis appeared in 1977, the frequency of beta-lactamase production has increased rapidly ... | 1986 | 3488190 |
| therapy of acute otitis media caused by branhamella catarrhalis. preliminary report. | since 1980, we have observed an increased incidence of otitis media caused by branhamella catarrhalis. the outcome of therapy of acute otitis media caused by this organism has been studied in a number of randomised clinical trials. 75% of isolates produced beta-lactamase. failure to sterilise b. catarrhalis-infected middle ear exudates occurred in 3 of 11 patients treated with amoxycillin or bacampicillin, 2 of 19 treated with cefaclor, but in no patients treated with co-trimoxazole (n = 10) or ... | 1986 | 3488191 |
| acute otitis media in sweden. role of branhamella catarrhalis and the rationale for choice of antimicrobial therapy. | the occurrence of branhamella catarrhalis in the nasopharynx and middle ear exudate was investigated in 3 studies. bacteria were isolated from the nasopharynx in 63% of 180 healthy children and b. catarrhalis, the most common bacterium present, was isolated in 36%. in 75 children with primary acute otitis media, bacteria were isolated from the nasopharynx in 98% and from the middle ear exudate in 80%. b. catarrhalis was found in the nasopharynx in 43% and in the middle ear exudate in pure cultur ... | 1986 | 3488192 |
| sensitivity of branhamella catarrhalis to oral antibiotics. | b. catarrhalis is a potential pathogen in the upper and lower respiratory tract which has been implicated as a clinically important cause of chronic bronchitis and otitis media in children. since the late 1970s the proportion of b. catarrhalis strains elaborating beta-lactamase seems to have significantly increased; some centres are now reporting prevalence rates as high as 76%. such a dramatic increase in the number of beta-lactamase positive strains is of clinical importance when assessing the ... | 1986 | 3488193 |
| analysis of the relationship between ampicillin resistance and beta-lactamase production in branhamella catarrhalis. | 23 strains of branhamella catarrhalis, mainly isolated from patients with acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis, were studied. the strains were selected on the basis of a positive beta-lactamase reaction using the cefinase disc or the nitrocefin method. no bands were visible by isoelectric focusing of the crude enzyme extracts of strains showing a weak positive reaction with the cefinase method. in the 15 remaining strains, at least 6 different isoelectric focusing patterns could be detected ... | 1986 | 3488194 |
| epidemiological and bacteriological findings on branhamella catarrhalis respiratory infections in the netherlands. | the frequency of isolation of branhamella catarrhalis from sputum in a laboratory in the southern part of the netherlands is reviewed; at present 23% of positive cultures contain these organisms. seasonal variations include a considerable reduction in frequency of isolation in the summer months. the possible role of heavy industry and air pollution is briefly discussed. evidence for the direct pathogenicity of b. catarrhalis is presented, and although this may be considered as only circumstantia ... | 1986 | 3488195 |
| classification of beta-lactamases from branhamella catarrhalis in relation to penicillinases produced by other bacterial species. | branhamella catarrhalis strains resistant to commonly used penicillins, and presently isolated, produce a beta-lactamase. most of these enzymes are chromosomally mediated, but a plasmid-mediated beta-lactamase has been described (enzyme bro-1). with reference to isoelectric points, 7 different enzymes have been identified: 6 chromosomally mediated and 1 plasmid-mediated. nevertheless, they have many common properties, such as being biosynthesised constitutively but with a low level of production ... | 1986 | 3488196 |
| isoelectric focusing of beta-lactamases from sputum and middle ear isolates of branhamella catarrhalis recovered in the united states. | branhamella catarrhalis obtained from the sputum of 146 patients with lower respiratory tract disease and from middle ear fluids of 26 children with otitis media were evaluated for beta-lactamase activity and the enzymes were characterised by isoelectric focusing (ief). 71% (103 of 146) of the sputum isolates and 77% (20 of 26) of the ear isolates produced beta-lactamase. by ief, the beta-lactamases of 113 of 123 (92%) strains revealed patterns identical with the ravasio type strain, having uniq ... | 1986 | 3488197 |
| plasmid-mediated beta-lactamase in branhamella catarrhalis. | the plasmid-mediated beta-lactamase in branhamella catarrhalis (bro-1), also occurring in moraxella nonliquefaciens, differs from other known plasmid-mediated beta-lactamases in gram-negative bacteria regarding substrate profile and isoelectric point. b. catarrhalis strains previously reported to produce beta-lactamases deviating from bro-1 were tested, and the beta-lactamases did not differ significantly from bro-1 in substrate profile, isoelectric point or relative substrate affinity index (rs ... | 1986 | 3488198 |
| inhibition of the beta-lactamases of branhamella catarrhalis by clavulanic acid and other inhibitors. | the beta-lactamases of branhamella catarrhalis ravasio and strain 1908 were readily inhibited by low concentrations of sulbactam, beta-halopenicillanic acids, mm 13902 and clavulanic acid. more detailed studies on the interaction of the ravasio beta-lactamase with clavulanic acid demonstrated that the enzyme had high affinity for the inhibitor (ki = 0.07 mumol/l) and was rapidly inhibited (t1/2 = 21 sec, kinhib. = 0.033/sec). two types of enzyme-inhibitor complex were formed, a transiently stabl ... | 1986 | 3488199 |
| inhibition of beta-lactamases in branhamella catarrhalis. | 1986 | 3488200 | |
| clinical and bacteriological evaluation of branhamella catarrhalis in respiratory infections. | the clinical significance of branhamella catarrhalis in respiratory infections is evaluated. 175 strains were isolated, mainly from the sputum, in 71 patients with respiratory infections. b. catarrhalis was most frequently isolated in mixed infections with haemophilus influenzae (38.3%), h. influenzae plus streptococcus pneumoniae (10.3%) or s. pneumoniae (9.7%). the rate of isolation of b. catarrhalis alone was as low as 5.1% and from mixed infections with pseudomonas aeruginosa, escherichia co ... | 1986 | 3488201 |
| direct and indirect pathogenicity of branhamella catarrhalis. | branhamella catarrhalis has been recovered from various sites of infection in the respiratory tract. these include chronic otitis media, tonsillitis, adenoiditis and pneumonia. this organism was recovered in many of these infections mixed with other aerobic, facultative anaerobic and anaerobic bacteria. increasing numbers of isolates of this organism have been noted to produce beta-lactamase. this may contribute to the high failure rate of penicillins in eradicating polymicrobial respiratory inf ... | 1986 | 3488202 |
| in honor of dr. sarah branham, a star is born. the realization of branhamella catarrhalis as a respiratory pathogen. | 1986 | 3488878 | |
| growth-enhancing effect of branhamella catarrhalis culture filtrates on the l-forms of haemophilus influenzae. | haemophilus influenzae is a common respiratory pathogen and recurrent infection due to h. influenzae is a phenomenon often present in patients with chronic respiratory tract infections. the effects of neisseria perflava and b. catarrhalis culture filtrates on the growth and reversion of h. influenzae l-forms were determined using the l-forms of h. influenzae induced and subcultured in a medium containing 10% sucrose and these culture filtrates. when each culture filtrate of two strains of n. per ... | 1986 | 3490015 |
| growth-enhancing effects of culture filtrates of sputum isolates on the l-forms of haemophilus influenzae. | the growth-enhancing effects of culture filtrates of respiratory pathogenic bacteria, including haemophilus influenzae, as well as normal floral bacteria other than neisseria perflava and branhamella catarrhalis on l-forms of h. influenzae were examined in vitro, using five species of major respiratory pathogenic bacteria and seven species of normal floral bacteria commonly isolated from the sputum of patients with chronic respiratory tract infections. the growth-enhancing factor(s) was present ... | 1986 | 3490016 |
| in vitro activity and beta-lactamase stability of two oral cephalosporins, ceftetrame (ro 19-5247) and cefetamet (ro 15-8074). | ceftetrame (ro 19-5247) and cefetamet (ro 15-8074), two new orally administered aminothiazolyl imimomethoxy cephalosporins, inhibited hemolytic streptococci and streptococcus pneumoniae at less than or equal to 0.5 micrograms/ml but were less active against staphylococci than were cephalexin and cefaclor. they did not inhibit s. faecalis, s. faecium, listeria monocytogenes, corynebacterium jk species, or pseudomonas aeruginosa. haemophilus influenzae, branhamella catarrhalis, and neisseria gonor ... | 1986 | 3490827 |
| beta-lactamase production in the upper respiratory tract flora. | in order to determine the recovery rate of species of the genera haemophilus and moraxella (including subgenus branhamella) from the upper respiratory tract and the incidence of beta-lactamase production within these genera, cultures were made of nose and throat swab specimens and adenoid tissue in 50 children undergoing adenoidectomy. haemophilus influenzae was isolated from 92% of the children. all children harboured strains of haemophilus spp. and in 46%, at least one strain produced the tem- ... | 1986 | 3490974 |
| disk diffusion susceptibility of branhamella catarrhalis and relationship of beta-lactam zone size to beta-lactamase production. | we tested 231 isolates of branhamella catarrhalis for beta-lactamase production and drug susceptibility by the national committee for clinical laboratory standards disk diffusion method. the nitrocephin disk (cefinase) identified beta-lactamase in 98% of the enzyme-producing strains, and a zone diameter of inhibition of less than or equal to 29 mm for penicillin correctly predicted the presence of beta-lactamase in 99% of the isolates. no resistance to erythromycin, tetracycline, trimethoprim-su ... | 1986 | 3492178 |
| in vitro activity of amoxicillin plus clavulanic acid against haemophilus influenzae and branhamella catarrhalis. | the in vitro activity of amoxicillin in the presence of clavulanic acid against clinical isolates of haemophilus influenzae and branhamella catarrhalis was assessed in comparison with ampicillin, amoxicillin, cefaclor and erythromycin. the isolates were selected so as to yield equal numbers of beta-lactamase producing and non-beta-lactamase producing strains of the two species. mics obtained by agar dilution indicated that amoxicillin in the presence of clavulanic acid was the most active of the ... | 1986 | 3492374 |
| distribution of an antigenically related iron-regulated protein among the neisseria spp. | several iron-regulated proteins of neisseria gonorrhoeae have been reported. one of these, a 37,000-molecular-weight protein (37k protein), appears to be common to all gonococcal isolates. recently, the occurrence of a similar protein has also been noted in n. meningitidis. the gonococcal 37k protein has been purified and used to produce both rabbit monospecific antiserum and murine monoclonal antibodies. using these antibody reagents, we analyzed 57 strains from nine species of neisseria and th ... | 1986 | 3941006 |
| pseudogonococcal ophthalmia neonatorum caused by branhamella catarrhalis. | 1986 | 3945559 | |
| branhamella catarrhalis as a lower respiratory tract pathogen in patients with chronic lung disease. | to determine the possible role of branhamella (formerly neisseria) catarrhalis as a respiratory pathogen, we screened quality sputa (defined by cellular criteria) that showed numerous gram-negative cocci on gram's stain for the presence of b catarrhalis. in an eight-month period, 52 isolates of b catarrhalis were identified in adults attending a hospital for chest diseases. during this period b catarrhalis was the third most common potential pathogen isolated from sputa. twenty-two patients (42% ... | 1986 | 3963981 |
| [new oral quinolone compounds in chronic bronchitis]. | clinical, microbiological and pharmacokinetic results are presented from studies in 186 patients treated with the new quinolone antimicrobial agents enoxacin, pefloxacin, ciprofloxacin or ofloxacin. almost all had been admitted to hospital for acute purulent exacerbations of chronic bronchitis, associated mainly with haemophilus influenzae, streptococcus pneumoniae, branhamella catarrhalis or pseudomonas aeruginosa. the h. influenzae and b. catarrhalis strains were generally very sensitive to th ... | 1986 | 2937739 |
| ciprofloxacin in the treatment of acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis. | eighty hospital patients with acute purulent exacerbations of chronic bronchitis associated with haemophilus influenzae, streptococcus pneumoniae, branhamella catarrhalis or pseudomonas aeruginosa were treated with ciprofloxacin. the patients were divided into four groups of 20 patients each and administered either 500 mg, 750 mg (two different batches of tablets) or 1000 mg twice daily for ten days. most of the patients with haemophilus influenzae and branhamella catarrhalis infections were tre ... | 1986 | 2941287 |
| in vitro and in vivo antibacterial activity of am-833, a new quinolone derivative. | am-833 showed potent activity against members of the family enterobacteriaceae, neisseria spp., and haemophilus influenzae and good activity against staphylococci, pseudomonas aeruginosa, and branhamella catarrhalis. against these bacteria, its activity was roughly comparable to that of norfloxacin and ofloxacin but was slightly less potent than that of ciprofloxacin. this compound also showed good activity against drug-resistant strains such as methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus and ge ... | 1986 | 2942103 |
| a 2-year survey of branhamella catarrhalis in a general hospital. | during a 2-year period, 143 strains of branhamella catarrhalis were recovered from 7929 respiratory tract specimens (mainly sputa) sent for routine microbiological investigations at a 500 bed general hospital. the incidence of beta-lactamase positive strains increased from 2.7% in 1983 to 40% of isolates in the last 5 months of 1984; this increase continued in the early months of 1985. forty-four strains of bran. catarrhalis recovered from 35 patients were considered on laboratory generated data ... | 1986 | 2873174 |
| hospital-acquired bronchopulmonary infection in premature infants due to branhamella catarrhalis. | 1986 | 2873180 | |
| methicillin-resistant branhamella catarrhalis. | 1986 | 2873186 | |
| branhamella catarrhalis. new methods of bacterial diagnosis. | a total of 176 strains identified as branhamella catarrhalis were isolated from various clinical specimens, mainly sputum (71), pharynx (49), eye (24), nose (11), ear (6) and tracheal aspirate (7). b. catarrhalis appeared as gram-negative cocci in white colonies which were oxidase- and catalase-positive and which did not produce acidification of sugars. the 3 related species, neisseria caviae, n. ovis and n. cuniculi were also white but the 'true asaccharolytic neisseria' studied presented a yel ... | 1986 | 2874008 |
| branhamella catarrhalis chest infections. | 1986 | 2874292 | |
| microbial flora of the eyes of cattle. | the bacteria and mycoplasma occurring in the eyes of normal healthy calves were monitored in three groups of animals from purchase at about one week old to slaughter at about 15 months old. non-haemolytic moraxella bovis, branhamella catarrhalis and mycoplasma bovoculi were all isolated regularly, though their seasonal occurrence varied. the significance of these findings with respect to infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis is discussed. | 1986 | 3716161 |
| branhamella catarrhalis: significance in pulmonary infections and bacteriological features. | a three-month survey revealed 29 patients at our hospital with symptoms of acute pulmonary infection, from whom branhamella catarrhalis was isolated from lower respiratory tract specimens, in 18 cases in pure culture. approximately 2% of all respiratory tract specimens examined during the period yielded growth of b. catarrhalis. all except one patient suffered from chronic pulmonary disease, notably chronic bronchitis. a phenotypic comparison was made between 55 strains of b. catarrhalis, of whi ... | 1986 | 3728028 |
| symposium on branhamella catarrhalis. brockham park, surrey, 17-18 october, 1985. | 1986 | 3732079 | |
| bronchopulmonary infection due to b. catarrhalis. clinical features and therapeutic response. | a study was made of the clinical features and therapeutic response of 144 patients from whose sputum branhamella catarrhalis was isolated. typically, features of bronchopulmonary infection with cough productive of moderate amounts of purulent sputum, fever and dyspnoea were present. of 74 patients who were infected in the community, 50 required hospital admission. nosocomial infection occurred in the remaining 70 patients. most patients had chronic pulmonary diseases or carcinoma bronchus; pneum ... | 1986 | 3732080 |
| otitis media and sinusitis in children. role of branhamella catarrhalis. | otitis media and sinusitis are among the most common diseases of childhood and various treatment approaches have been advocated. this review focuses on current experience in pittsburgh, both in terms of our methods of patient management and the changing aetiology of the underlying diseases. special reference is made to the role played by branhamella catarrhalis and the emergence of beta-lactamase-producing strains. results from recently completed clinical trials would suggest that antibacterial ... | 1986 | 3732081 |
| identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing of branhamella catarrhalis in united states laboratories, 1983-1985. | 1986 | 3732082 | |
| serological identification of branhamella catarrhalis. serological evidence for infection. | a protein antigen--p-antigen--characteristic of branhamella catarrhalis has been described. precipitating antibodies against this antigen occur in a majority of healthy human sera; serological evidence for a pathogenic role of b. catarrhalis is accumulating. the occurrence of complement-fixing antibodies has been demonstrated during bronchopulmonary infection with b. catarrhalis and in maxillary sinusitis. increases in antibody titres assessed by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) tech ... | 1986 | 3732083 |
| branhamella catarrhalis respiratory infections in the netherlands. | in the southern netherlands, branhamella catarrhalis can be cultured from sputum in more than 20% of patients with purulent lower respiratory tract infections and approximately 40% of strains produce beta-lactamase. with increasing resistance to co-trimoxazole (10%) and erythromycin (6%) this produces many treatment problems, particularly in general practice. recent results in the treatment of b. catarrhalis respiratory infections with newer antimicrobial agents and new combinations of beta-lact ... | 1986 | 3732084 |
| branhamella catarrhalis as an indirect pathogen. | in 7 patients with bronchopulmonary infections, treatment with penicillin antibiotics failed to eradicate haemophilus influenzae or streptococcus pneumoniae which were sensitive to the antibiotic used. the sputum of these patients contained both the pathogen and beta-lactamase-producing branhamella catarrhalis. no antibacterial activity was detectable in sputum samples obtained from patients receiving a penicillin antibiotic. this suggests that b. catarrhalis can act as an indirect pathogen, pro ... | 1986 | 3732085 |
| ly164846 in vitro antimicrobial activity testing, including disk diffusion susceptibility tests using 30-microgram disks. | a new oral cephalosporin, ly164846 (eli lilly & co., indianapolis, ind.), was found to have a unique antimicrobial spectrum confined to methicillin-susceptible staphylococcus spp., streptococci (except enterococcus spp.), haemophilus influenzae, branhamella catarrhalis, and some anaerobes. cephalothin in vitro tests (30-microgram disks or dilution) can represent ly164846 for laboratory testing if comparable interpretive breakpoints are applied to strains within the spectrum of ly164846. organism ... | 1986 | 3755018 |
| defined medium for moraxella (branhamella) catarrhalis. | a defined medium for growth of 24 strains of moraxella (branhamella) catarrhalis was devised. this medium (medium b4) contains sodium lactate as a partial carbon source, proline as both a partial carbon source and a partial nitrogen source, aspartate as a partial nitrogen source, and the growth factors arginine, glycine, and methionine. either aspartate, glutamate, or proline could serve as sole nitrogen source, but growth occurred at a significantly better rate if proline was present together w ... | 1986 | 3767360 |
| moraxella catarrhalis: antibiotic susceptibility with special reference to trimethoprim. | 1986 | 3771428 | |
| doxycycline in respiratory infections: a re-assessment after 17 years. | seventeen years after a previous study of doxycycline in acute purulent exacerbations of chronic bronchitis, a similar investigation was repeated. forty patients with bacteriologically proven infections were given 100 mg doxycycline twice daily (by mouth) for ten days. the clinical results in branhamella catarrhalis infections were excellent as were those with streptococcus pneumoniae, but one patient developed septicaemia with a resistant pneumococcus while under therapy. treatment was unsucces ... | 1986 | 3771434 |
| [adherence of branhamella catarrhalis to human pharyngeal cells: relation between adherence in vitro and chronic respiratory infections]. | 1986 | 3773367 | |
| branhamella catarrhalis pneumonia in patients with immunoglobulin abnormalities. | the importance of branhamella catarrhalis pneumonia has only recently been appreciated. predisposing underlying illness associated with this organism have not yet been clarified. we report five cases of branhamella catarrhalis pneumonia occurring in patients with diseases associated with documented quantitative immunoglobulin deficiencies. normal immunoglobulins appear to be important host defense mechanisms in preventing infection with this organism. | 1986 | 3775462 |
| in vitro activities of ro 19-5247 and ro 15-8074, new oral cephalosporins. | the in vitro activities of two new oral cephalosporins, ro 19-5247 and ro 15-8074, were compared with the in vitro activities of cefuroxime, cefaclor, amoxicillin-clavulanate, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (tmp-smz), and doxycycline against a variety of bacterial species. mic50s (mics required to inhibit 50% of strains) of ro 19-5247 were less than or equal to 0.13 micrograms/ml for streptococci (except streptococcus faecalis) and haemophilus influenzae; 0.25 to 2 micrograms/ml for most strains ... | 1986 | 3777906 |
| [branhamella catarrhalis respiratory tract infections]. | 1986 | 3795526 | |
| efficacy and safety of ciprofloxacin in patients with respiratory infections in comparison with amoxycillin. | ciprofloxacin and amoxycillin were compared in the treatment of respiratory infections (pneumonia, acute bronchitis, exacerbation of chronic lung disease) in a study of 48 patients randomly assigned to ten days treatment with standard doses of either drug. forty-eight patients were evaluated, 26 in the ciprofloxacin group and 22 in the amoxycillin group. the response to therapy was judged by clinical and bacteriological criteria. ciprofloxacin was as effective as amoxycillin with a successful ou ... | 1986 | 3804901 |
| lower respiratory tract infection due to branhamella catarrhalis, two case reports. | we describe two cases of lower respiratory tract infection due to branhamella catarrhalis in elderly patients. the diagnosis was confirmed by isolation of the organism from the sputa in pure growth and also by response to treatment with appropriate antibiotics. both patients had predisposing factors: one had chronic bronchial asthma and was also on corticosteroids during the illness and the other had chronic obstructive lung disease. previously reported cases are reviewed. | 1986 | 3810847 |
| increase in bronchopulmonary infection due to branhamella catarrhalis. | in a six month prospective study during the winter branhamella catarrhalis was isolated from the sputum of 63 patients with symptoms of bronchopulmonary infection: 49 isolates were in pure culture and 14 were with another pathogen, haemophilus influenzae being the commonest (found with 10 of the 14 b catarrhalis isolates). of 36 patients infected in the community, 26 required admission to hospital. the remaining 27 patients were infected while in hospital. forty four of the 63 isolates produced ... | 1986 | 3084017 |
| increase in bronchopulmonary infection due to branhamella catarrhalis. | 1986 | 3087474 | |
| preliminary evaluation of a rapid colorimetric method for identification of pathogenic neisseria. | a rapid colorimetric method for the identification of pathogenic neisseria (identicult-neisseria; scott laboratories, inc.) based on beta-galactosidase, gamma-glutamylaminopeptidase, and gamma-prolylaminopeptidase is described. all 82 clinical isolates of neisseria gonorrhoeae, 9 clinical isolates of n. meningitidis, and 5 clinical isolates of n. lactamica were correctly determined to the species level, as were 4 isolates of branhamella catarrhalis. reactions were prompt and easily interpreted. ... | 1986 | 3088030 |
| emergence of beta-lactamase producing anaerobic bacteria in the tonsils during penicillin treatment. | the emergence of beta-lactamase producing bacteria in the microflora in the oropharyngeal cavity was studied in ten healthy volunteers treated with 1 g phenoxymethylpenicillin b.i.d. for ten days. beta-lactamase activity in saliva was also investigated. a significant increase in the number of beta-lactamase producing strains of bacteroides species and fusobacterium nucleatum was observed. one beta-lactamase producing staphylococcus aureus strain was recovered in one of the volunteers before the ... | 1986 | 3093222 |
| [aerobic bacterial flora of the nasal cavity of rabbits]. | on the basis of bacteriological examinations carried out in april 1984 on 60 intranasal swabs, aerobic respiratory microbes were studied in rabbits. differences in flora between animals with and without respiratory diseases were studied. fourteen bacterial species were identified with no difference due to the pathological status. they were: bordetella bronchiseptica, staphylococcus epidermidis, streptococcus faecalis, pasteurella multocida, staphylococcus aureus, bacillus sp., branhamella catarr ... | 1986 | 3096189 |
| antimicrobial activity of cefmetazole (cs-1170) and recommendations for susceptibility testing by disk diffusion, dilution, and anaerobic methods. | cefmetazole, formerly cs-1170, was found to have antimicrobial activity slightly superior to that of cefoxitin but a clinically usable antimicrobial spectrum that should be considered identical to that of cefoxitin. disk diffusion and dilution test methods with cefmetazole correlated highly (r, greater than or equal to 0.95) with cefoxitin results. the recommended 30-micrograms cefmetazole disk interpretive breakpoints for susceptibility and resistance were greater than or equal to 18 mm (mic, l ... | 1986 | 3097064 |
| sultamicillin (ampicillin-sulbactam) in the treatment of acute otitis media in children. | sultamicillin, a dimer of ampicillin and a beta-lactamase-inhibiting agent, sulbactam, was given in oral form to 50 infants and children with acute otitis media. tympanocentesis was performed on entry into the trial. beta-lactamase-positive haemophilus influenzae or branhamella catarrhalis was isolated from 14 of 73 (19.2%) middle ear effusions in 9 children. relief of symptoms (fever/otalgia) occurred in all children who completed therapy. however, in 8 children (16%), the antimicrobial agent w ... | 1986 | 3003716 |
| detection, distribution and inhibition of branhamella catarrhalis beta-lactamases. | beta-lactamase-producing isolates of branhamella catarrhalis were first detected in france in 1977. the frequency of beta-lactamase producers has increased, especially since 1980. an agar iodometric test, a fast chromogenic test and an acidimetric test were used to assess the beta-lactamase-producing capabilities of 188 isolates of b. catarrhalis obtained mainly from sputum and the pharynx. data from the first 2 procedures indicated positive beta-lactamase activity for all 49 strains of b. catar ... | 1986 | 3015547 |
| antibacterial activity of ofloxacin and its mode of action. | the antibacterial activity of ofloxacin against enterobacteriaceae, pseudomonas aeruginosa, haemophilus influenzae, branhamella catarrhalis, and neisseria gonorrhoeae was comparable to norfloxacin and enoxacin, and far exceeded the activity of pipemidic acid and nalidixic acid. the activity of ofloxacin was two to eight times less than that of ciprofloxacin. ofloxacin was more active against staphylococcus aureus, staphylococcus epidermidis, streptococcus pneumoniae, acinetobacter spp., legionel ... | 1986 | 3028966 |
| branhamella catarrhalis: a respiratory pathogen in children? | 1986 | 3463283 | |
| the comparative in-vitro activity of eight newer quinolones and nalidixic acid. | the in-vitro antibacterial activity of nalidixic acid and the 4-quinolones, ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin, enoxacin, ofloxacin, pefloxacin, a-56619, a-56620 and ci-934 was assessed by determination of mics. the 4-quinolones were all highly active against most isolates of enterobacteriaceae, including nalidixic acid-resistant strains. ciprofloxacin (mics 0.002-2 mg/l) was the most active and a-56619 (mics 0.008-32 mg/l) was the least active. a-56619, a-56620, ofloxacin, ciprofloxacin and ci-934 were ... | 1986 | 3468100 |
| branhamella catarrhalis, a respiratory tract pathogen. | 1986 | 3469976 | |
| clinical significance of respiratory infection caused by branhamella catarrhalis with special reference to beta-lactamase producing strains. | i found the recent increase during the past eight years of the incidence of respiratory infections caused by branhamella catarrhalis. namely, i experienced 74 cases (93 episodes) of the respiratory infections; 5 pneumonia, 14 acute bronchitis, 1 lung abscess, 36 chronic bronchitis, 7 chronic bronchiolitis, 21 bronchiectasis and 9 chronic pulmonary emphysema with infection. in 65 of 93 infectious episodes, branhamella catarrhalis was isolated as a pure culture and in 28 episodes it was associated ... | 1985 | 3000026 |
| the pharmacokinetics and serum and urine bactericidal activity of ciprofloxacin. | ciprofloxacin is an investigational quinolone agent possessing an impressive antibacterial spectrum. its pharmacokinetics were studied in six volunteers after 250-mg and 500-mg single oral doses, and its bactericidal activity compared to that of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole given to the same volunteers. mean peak serum levels were 1.45 micrograms/ml and 2.46 micrograms/ml for 250-mg and 500-mg doses, and time to peak was 1 and 1.3 hours. the 12-hour levels were 0.12 micrograms and 0.22 microgra ... | 1985 | 3157705 |
| branhamella catarrhalis prevalence in a hospital population. | the prevalence of environmental and nasopharyngeal carriage of branhamella catarrhalis in hospital staff members and in-patients was higher than previous studies suggested. pernasal swabs performed on 59 members of staff revealed four isolates of branh. catarrhalis, two of which were beta-lactamase producers. seven isolates, two beta-lactamase positive, were recovered from 89 in-patients none of whom had bronchopulmonary infection with branh. catarrhalis. from 117 settle plates six isolates, one ... | 1985 | 2859325 |
| branhamella catarrhalis cellulitis around a cerebrospinal fluid shunt: case report. | a cellulitis surrounding a cerebrospinal fluid shunt caused by branhamella catarrhalis is described. this is the first reported case of a cellulitis caused by this bacterium. | 1985 | 2865299 |
| branhamella catarrhalis associated with eye infection in the elderly. | 1985 | 2865306 | |
| branhamella catarrhalis bacteraemia and immunosuppression--part of a larger problem? | attention is drawn to the striking association between bacteraemia due to branhamella catarrhalis and immunosuppression and evidence is cited suggesting a special relationship between this and other neisseria of intermediate virulence and systemic disease in the immunologically compromised. | 1985 | 3967473 |
| unsuspected bacteremia caused by branhamella catarrhalis. | 1985 | 3969356 | |
| severe respiratory infection with branhamella catarrhalis in an african child. | a pure growth of branhamella catarrhalis was obtained from a purulent bronchial exudate in a 28-month-old rwandese girl, hospitalized for acute inspiratory dyspnoea with fever. the outcome was favourable under treatment with ampicillin, although the isolate was shown to produce a beta-lactamase in vitro. | 1985 | 3987730 |
| [meningitis caused by branhamella catarrhalis]. | 1985 | 3990179 | |
| ph and incubation atmosphere influence erythromycin activity against branhamella catarrhalis. | 1985 | 4008390 | |
| urinary tract infection caused by branhamella catarrhalis. | 1985 | 4008967 | |
| neonatal pneumonia caused by branhamella catarrhalis. | a 15-day-old, prematurely born male infant with bronchopneumonia caused by branhamella catarrhalis is reported. one case of ophthalmia neonatorum was the only report found of b. catarrhalis infections in neonates when the literature was reviewed. | 1985 | 4023636 |
| branhamella catarrhalis endocarditis in a patient receiving hemodialysis. | while branhamella catarrhalis is now recognized as an important pathogen, this is only the fifth reported case of endocarditis caused by it. the production of beta-lactamase by many strains and its resistance to vancomycin and clindamycin complicate the choice of antibiotic therapy. | 1985 | 4023776 |
| in vitro activity of temocillin against clinical isolates. | the minimum inhibitory concentrations of temocillin against more than 1000 clinical isolates were determined by an agar dilution method. temocillin showed excellent activity against haemophilus influenzae, pathogenic neisseria species and branhamella catarrhalis, including beta-lactamase producing strains, but showed very low activity or was inactive against gram-positive cocci and campylobacter, bacteroides, acinetobacter and pseudomonas species. good activity was obtained against 702 enterobac ... | 1985 | 4029009 |
| comparative treatment trial of augmentin versus cefaclor for acute otitis media with effusion. | a total of 150 children with acute otitis media were randomly allocated to treatment with amoxicillin-potassium clavulanate (augmentin) or with cefaclor. each drug was given in a daily dosage of approximately 40 mg/kg in three divided doses for ten days. tympanocentesis done before treatment yielded specimens that contained pneumococcus or haemophilus sp or both in 67% of specimens. viridans group streptococci were isolated from 10% of specimens and branhamella catarrhalis from 6%. patients were ... | 1985 | 4039433 |
| branhamella catarrhalis sepsis. | 1985 | 4047969 | |
| the pharmacokinetic and bactericidal characteristics of oral cefixime. | the pharmacokinetics of cefixime (fk 027), a broad-spectrum cephalosporin, were assessed in 12 normal subjects after single oral doses of 50, 100, 200, and 400 mg. mean peak serum concentrations were 1.02, 1.46, 2.63, and 3.85 micrograms/ml after the four respective doses. respective mean serum levels at 12 hours were 0.16, 0.33, 0.72, and 1.13 micrograms/ml. volumes of distribution averaged 0.1 l/kg body weight, and the elimination t1/2 was 3 hours for all doses. the auc was 7.01, 11.4, 22.5, a ... | 1985 | 4053491 |
| lower respiratory tract infection. | the most important lower respiratory infection is pneumonia, the fourth leading cause of death. most cases of bronchitis are of viral etiology and are not major problems. empyema can present an important problem in management. although the diagnosis of pneumonia is usually relatively straightforward, the specific etiologic diagnosis remains a major problem. availability of empyema fluid or a positive blood culture result can be helpful in making the etiologic diagnosis, but these are unavailable ... | 1985 | 4073097 |
| [branhamella catarrhalis in neonatal pulmonary infectious pathology]. | bronchopulmonary infections has been described for the most part in adults. orl and upper respiratory tract infections are encountered in children. in neonates, only conjunctivitis have been reported. in their report, the authors describes the first cases of bronchopulmonary infections due to branhamella catarrhalis in premature infants with respiratory distress syndrome. three cases are described in which this bacteria has been isolated in bronchial secretions and in the culture of the nasotrac ... | 1985 | 3831902 |
| treatment of pneumonia with imipenem/cilastatin. | this pilot study assessed the efficacy, safety and tolerance of intravenously administered imipenem/cilastatin in the treatment of adults hospitalised with community acquired pneumonia. thirteen patients were treated with 500 mg imipenem and 500 mg cilastatin eight hourly for a minimum of five days. eleven patients (85%) had a clinical cure; (legionella pneumophila was the pathogen in four, streptococcus pneumoniae in one, branhamella catarrhalis in one, no pathogen identified in five). one pati ... | 1985 | 3859775 |
| [septicemia caused by branhamella (neisseria) catarrhalis in an immunosuppressed patient]. | a case is reported of branhamella catarrhalis septicemia occurring during the aplastic phase of treatment for acute myeloblastic leukemia. skin lesions were observed which are ordinarily seen in chronic gonococcal or meningococcal septicemia. the pathogenic role of this agent, which is normally considered nonaggressive, is discussed. | 1985 | 3863245 |
| pefloxacin in acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis. | forty-three patients admitted to hospital with acute purulent exacerbations of chronic bronchitis were treated with 400 mg pefloxacin twice daily for ten days. the first 20 patients were given the first dose of the drug as a 60 min intravenous infusion. serum and sputum concentrations of pefloxacin were measured microbiologically at intervals on the first treatment day and the sputum was cultured before, during, and after the course of pefloxacin. two patients died from unrelated causes during t ... | 1985 | 3863811 |
| the effect of cefaclor on the nasopharyngeal flora in children with chronic ome. | about 80% of children with chronic ome carry respiratory pathogens in the nasopharynx, with a remarkably stable spectrum and frequency. in a randomized clinical trial the nasopharyngeal flora was determined in 45 untreated cases and in 32 cases treated with cefaclor (kefolor), 20 mg/kg body weight b.i.d. for 10 days. compared to the untreated children, the treated group showed a significantly decreased frequency of streptococcus pneumoniae and branhamella catarrhalis, and a reduced number of cul ... | 1985 | 3865492 |
| in-vitro activity of ofloxacin, a quinolone carboxylic acid compared to other quinolones and other antimicrobial agents. | ofloxacin is a new quinolone carboxylic acid compound. its activity against 900 bacterial isolates was determined. it inhibited 90% of escherichia coli, klebsiella sp., aeromonas hydrophila, salmonella spp., shigella spp., citrobacter spp., enterobacter spp., morganella morganii, proteus mirabilis, yersinia enterocolitica at less than or equal to 0.8 mg/l. branhamella catarrhalis, haemophilus sp., neisseria sp. were inhibited by less than or equal to 0.1 mg/l. pseudomonas aeruginosa and other ps ... | 1985 | 3865923 |
| prevalence of beta-lactamase-producing bacteria in chronic suppurative otitis media. | aspiration of the exudate through open perforation was performed in 48 children with chronic suppurative otitis media. eighty-two aerobic and 93 anaerobic isolates were recovered. aerobic bacteria only were involved in 22 patients (46%), and anaerobic organisms only were involved in five patients (10%). mixed aerobic and anaerobic isolates were recovered from 21 patients (44%). the most common bacteria isolated were bacteroides melaninogenicus group (40% of patients), pseudomonas aeruginosa (29% ... | 1985 | 3872063 |
| characterization of the plasmid-mediated beta-lactamase in branhamella catarrhalis, with special reference to substrate affinity. | the plasmid-mediated branhamella catarrhalis beta-lactamase bro-1, also found in moraxella nonliquefaciens, was characterized as regards substrate profile, isoelectric point and relative substrate affinity index (rsai) to various substrates and compared in these aspects with the tem-1 enzyme of haemophilus influenzae. as measured by a biological assay and with high performance liquid chromatography (hplc), bro-1 was found to hydrolyse carbenicillin, mecillinam, methicillin and cefaclor with a hi ... | 1985 | 3872294 |
| a perspective on the present contribution of beta-lactamases to bacterial resistance with particular reference to induction of beta-lactamase and its clinical significance. | resistance of bacteria to beta-lactam antibiotics has become a serious problem in the past several decades. virtually all staphylococcus aureus, many haemophilus influenzae, branhamella catarrhalis, neisseria gonorrhoeae, many enterobacteriaceae, many pseudomonas aeruginosa and bacteroides species possess beta-lactamases which hydrolyze to varying degree penems, penams, carbapenems, cephems, cephamycins and monobactams. the most common plasmid-mediated beta-lactamase is the so-called tem beta-la ... | 1985 | 3872725 |
| in vitro susceptibilities of isolates from patients with branhamella catarrhalis pneumonia compared with those of colonizing strains. | branhamella catarrhalis has recently been recognized as an opportunistic respiratory pathogen. we tested 10 isolates recovered from patients with documented b. catarrhalis pneumonia and 15 colonizing isolates for their susceptibility to 19 antimicrobial agents and for their ability to produce beta-lactamase. eight of ten disease isolates and 12 of 15 colonizing isolates produced a detectable beta-lactamase. the isolates that were negative for beta-lactamase were susceptible to all agents tested, ... | 1985 | 3873899 |
| in vitro susceptibilities and beta-lactamase production of 53 clinical isolates of branhamella catarrhalis. | we tested 53 clinical isolates of branhamella catarrhalis recovered from patients with respiratory symptoms to determine the susceptibility of the isolates to 25 antimicrobial agents, including the newer beta-lactam antibiotics. of the 53 strains, 46 (86.7%) were beta-lactamase producers. all the strains were susceptible to the majority of the new penicillins and cephalosporins. the combinations of amoxacillin-clavulanic acid and ticarcillin-clavulanic acid were also very active against the beta ... | 1985 | 3873905 |
| branhamella catarrhalis in acute otitis media. | a total of 5217 middle ear fluid (mef) samples obtained from 1203 children with otitis media, aged 3 months to 6 years, were studied for the presence of branhamella catarrhalis (br) between oct. 1977 and sept. 1981. br grew in 10.2% of 3497 mefs of acute otitis media (aom), with almost the same frequency in the very first and subsequent attacks. during the first 4 years of life the percentage did not vary much; among older children it seemed to decrease. the overall prevalence of br in aom did n ... | 1985 | 3874516 |
| amoxicillin-clavulanic acid in the treatment of lower respiratory tract infections caused by beta-lactamase-positive haemophilus influenzae and branhamella catarrhalis. | twenty-one adult patients hospitalized with lower respiratory tract infections due to branhamella catarrhalis or haemophilus influenzae or both were treated with the combination of oral amoxicillin and potassium clavulanate (augmentin) in an open, noncomparative clinical trial. diseases included pneumonia, empyema, and exacerbations of bronchiectasis and chronic lung disease. thirteen of 16 b. catarrhalis and six of nine h. influenzae isolates were beta-lactamase positive. the patients with b. c ... | 1985 | 3875310 |
| bacteremia caused by a beta-lactamase producing strain of branhamella catarrhalis. a case report. | a case of branhamella catarrhalis bacteremia without known infectious focus in a granulocytopenic patient is reported. there were no unusual clinical features of bacteremia, such as purpura, in this case which distinguished it from bacteremia due to other bacteria. the isolated strain was beta-lactamase producing. the patient recovered uneventfully on antibiotics; at the same time, however, the bone marrow was also normalized. | 1985 | 3876684 |