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recurrent breeding seasons in pinealectomized or optic-nerve-sectioned ferrets.the breeding seasons of two groups of pinealectomized ferrets and one group of blind ferrets, with appropriate controls, were observed for up to 5 years after the operations. all animals showed recurrent breeding seasons. both pinealectomized and blind animals became increasingly asynchronous after the first season, but showed no evidence of a free-running, endogenous circannual periodicity nor of synchronization to light or other environmental cues.1978568648
oestrogenic induction of sexual behaviour in ovariectomized ferrets housed under short or long photoperiods. 1978568161
spontaneous aleutian disease in ferrets. 1978688168
anaesthetising ferrets. 1978644842
anaesthetising ferrets. 1978654047
anaesthetising ferrets. 1978644831
anaesthetising ferrets. 1978644809
species variation in the distribution of cholinesterases in the ovary of the plains viscacha, cat, ferret, rabbit, rat, guinea-pig and roe deer.sections of ovary from plains viscacha, cat, ferret, rabbit, rat, guinea-pig and roe deer have been histochemically processed to demonstrate acetylcholinesterase (ache) and butyrylcholinesterase (buche) in nervous and non-nervous tissue. the effects of different reproductive states on enzyme activity were observed in some animals. ache-containing nerves were sparse in rabbit and rat but plentiful in cat and roe deer. nerves containing buche were not detectable in ferret or guinea-pig and were ra ...1978621163
[cytogenetics of albinism in polecats of the genus putorius (carnivora, mustelidae)].karyotypes of two ferret species, putorius eversmanni (2n = 38) and p. putorius (2n = 40), differ in a single robertsonian rearrangement, resulting in decreased chromosome number in p. eversmanni. interspecific hybrids from crosses between p. eversmanni and domesticated albino ferret p. putorius furo are fertile. hybrid individuals have a chromosome set 2 = 39. analysis of offspring from crosses of these hybrids showed that albinism is a recessive character. offspring obtained from crosses betwe ...1978627343
dirofilaria immitis: experimental infections in the ferret (mustela putorius furo).the ferret, mustela putorius furo, was found to be susceptible to dirofilaria immitis infection when exposed to low (14) or high (280-420) numbers of infective larvae harvested from aedes aegypti. eight ferrets (half of them cortisonized) were inoculated subcutaneously with 14 larvae each. all of them were subsequently found to harbor d. immitis in the heart, and all but one of them had worms of both sexes. six of these ferrets were examined for microfilaremia at 31 to 35 weeks after inoculation ...1978627949
acid secretion and motility of isolated mammalian gastric mucosa and attached muscularis externa.a procedure is described for the setting up of a preparation of mammalian gastric mucosa from kitten or ferret. the mucosa is stripped of its outer muscle coats except for a 2-mm strip of circular muscle fibers running across the diameter of the preparation. the connections of this strip to the underlying mucosa are undisturbed. the preparation is immersed on the nutrient side in krebs-henseleit solution, gassed with 95% o2 and 5% co2, and the secretory side contains 5% dextrose, both at 37 degr ...1978629348
influenza in ferrets and guinea pigs: effect on cell-mediated immunity.two different animal models were studied to determine whether localized upper respiratory tract viral infection was associated with suppression of systemic cell-mediated immunity. during influenza infection in ferrets, there was no significant decrease in lymphocyte responsiveness to phytohemagglutinin (pha). guinea pigs given influenza showed no significant change in their response to pha or to picryl human serum albumin (pichsa), to which they had been immunized previously. delayed hypersensit ...1978631888
simultaneous measurement of gastric secretion and motility in response to various stimuli in the ferret [proceedings]. 1978633152
growth and development of the european ferret (mustela putorius).body weight, body length, and other developmental parameters were studied in the european ferret, mustela putorius, from birth to 26 weeks of age. males and females did not differ in weight until the seventh week of live, and they did not differ in length until the ninth week of life, when the males began to grow faster. adult males (1400--1500 g) were heavier than adult females (800--900 g), but females reached adult size faster than males.1978633841
histology and mucosubstance histochemistry of mongoose salivary glands.the histology and mucosubstance histochemistry of the mongoose salivary glands were studied. histologically, the mongoose salivary glands were generally similar to those in other carnivores (dog, cat and ferret). the mucosubstance histochemistry demonstrated considerable variations in the parotid, submandibular and sublingual glands in comparison to the other carnivores. the partoid gland contained carboxylated mucin which was sialidase-resistant. granules in a few cells also contained sulphated ...1978636829
specific immunity to influenza virus in ferret organ cultures.ferret tracheal organ cultures prepared from animals previously infected intranasally with influenza a virus required approximately 130 times more homologous virus (a/pr/8/34(hon1) or a/port chalmers/1/73 (h3n2)) to become infected in vitro than similar cultures from normal ferrets. also, these cultures from convalescent ferrets required 9 times more heterologous virus (a/pr/8/34(hon1) or sendai) to become infected in vitro than similar cultures from normal animals challenged in vitro with the h ...1978638028
association of foetal wastage with influenza infection during ferret pregnancy.inoculation of influenza virus into pregnant ferrets during the late gestational period was investigated. foetal resorption followed intracardial inoculation of a large dose of influenza virus (10(9.4) ebid50) and a 100-fold lower dose caused lower litter sizes at birth. the possible role of fever in foetal resorptions was largely discounted by 2 observations: a non-pyrexic dose inoculated intracardially into the pregnant ferret still had detrimental effects on foetal viability; influenza virus ...1978656319
luteal control of nidation in the ferret (mustela putorius). 1978667254
parallel changes between lipoprotein lipase activating capacity and lipid concentrations in the serum of rats and ferrets during development and dietary manipulation.1. the lipoprotein lipase activating capacity of serum from 5 to 22 day old rats and male ferrets fed on diets rich in either beef tallow or maize oil was significantly correlated with the triglyceride concentration in the serum. 2. these increases in activating capacity associated with increased serum triglyceride concentrations were similar to those reported for human serum.1978668264
temperature-sensitive mutants of influenza a virus: production and characterization of a/victoria/3/75-ts-1[e] recombinants.the hong kong/68-ts-1[e] virus, which has a 38 degrees c shutoff temperature for plaque formation, has been proposed as a donor of its two ts lesions to new variants of influenza a virus that pose an epidemic threat. to further examine whether the acquisition of the two ts-1[e] lesions will predictably attenuate new influenza a variants, the hk/68-ts-1[e] virus was mated with the a/vic/3/75 wild-type virus. the vic/75-ts-[e] recombinants that had the two ts-1[e] lesions also had a 38 degrees c s ...1978669818
alphaxolone-alphadolone anaesthesia in laboratory animals.the anaesthetic steroid combination alphaxolone-alphadolone is a well-established short-acting injectable agent for cats and primates. it can be recommended for intravenous administration to rats, rabbits, neonatal pigs, mice and hamsters. it has limited value in mice and hamsters by the intraperitoneal route, but provides sedation in ferrets and neonatal pigs when injected intramuscularly. it can be given repeatedly or continuously to maintain anaesthesia for long periods without the developmen ...1978672181
scanning and transmission electron microscopy study of ferret respiratory mucosa infected with influenza a virus.the use of both sem and tem techniques in studying the alterations of the columnar ciliated epithelium of the whole respiratory tract of ferrets enables the authors to find a significant discrepancy between tracheal and nasal mucosa destructions. this discrepancy is not a function of the anatomical location of virus instillation. theoretical and pratical meanings are discussed.1978677615
functional overlap of vagal gastric motility fibres in the ferret [proceedings]. 1978690917
studies on the metabolism of arylacetic acids. 5. the metabolic fate of 2-naphthylacetic acid in the rat, rabbit and ferret. 1978695696
comparison of wild-type and subacute sclerosing panencephalitis strains of measles virus. neurovirulence in ferrets and biological properties in cell cultures.the neurovirulence of two wild type (wt) and seven subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (sspe) measles virus strains was tested in young adult ferrets by intracerebral (ic) inoculation of infected vero cell suspensions. wt strains edmonston and woodfolk and sspe strains mantooth, halle, and lec-s did not produce a detectable encephalitis in the ferrets, but caused a significant formation of serum antibodies against measles virus. sspe strains lec, ip-3, biken, and d.r., on the other hand, were al ...1978702052
hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction in the ferret [proceedings]. 1978702397
sensitivity to pyrexial temperatures: a factor contributing to virulence differences between two clones of influenza virus.the influence of pyrexia on the differential persistence of a virulent and an attenuated clone of influenza virus in the respiratory tract of ferrets has been further studied. clone 64d, an attenuated clone of a recombinant virus (a/pr/8/34-a/england/939/69 (h3n2)) grown in organ cultures of ferret nasal turbinates, was inactivated at pyrexial temperatures more readily than a virulent clone 7a. in addition, replication of clone 64d was restricted at pyrexial temperatures to a greater extent than ...1978708585
local and systemic immunity to influenza infections in ferrets.to establish whether immunity to influenza infection in the ferret is local or systemic, two sites of challenge were utilized: the nose and the anatomically isolated tracheal pouch. infection of either site did not spread to the other site, and challenge of either site resulted in seroconversion by 13 days. simultaneous challenge of both sites 21 days after the primary infection revealed that prior infection of the pouch prevented subsequent reinfection of the pouch, but not infection of the nos ...1978711316
the effect of trypan blue on the development of the ferret and rat.the teratogenic effects of trypan blue given to pregnant rats and ferrets at equivalent stages of embryonic development are described. in the rat the well known teratogenicity of the dye at 8.5 days of gestation and the surprising cessation of teratogenic effect at 11.5 days (20+ somites) is confirmed. in the ferret the drug is teratogenic both at 13 and 18 days of gestation though the principal abnormalities seen are different to those described in the rat. it has been suggested that the terat ...1978715725
modulation of single vagal efferent fibre discharge by gastric afferents in the ferret [proceedings]. 1978731553
growth and genetic stability of 4 temperature sensitive (ts) mutants of respiratory syncytial (rs) virus in newborn ferrets.four temperature sensitive (ts) mutants of respiratory syncytial (rs) virus were evaluated for growth and genetic stability in newborn ferrets. ts-1, the mutant previously tested in children as a possible live virus vaccine and found to be insufficiently attenuated for the upper respiratory tract, grew in the lungs of newborn ferrets to the same peak titer as wild type rs virus. in addition some genetic alteration of the ts-1 mutant occurred. two more defective subclones of ts-1, ts-1 ng-1 and t ...1978736795
trial of avermectin b1a, mebendazole and melarsoprol against pre-cardiac dirofilaria immitis in the ferret (mustela putorius furo).avermectin b1a was found active against the pre-cardiac stage of dirofilaria immitis in ferrets. the drug was given orally, at 0.2 mg/kg, on days 38--42 of infection. at necropsy, 5 1/2 months after inoculation, worms were almost totally absent from the hearts of these ferrets. the efficacy of melarsoprol against developing dirofilaria, which has been demonstrated in dogs by other workers, was demonstrated in ferrets given oral doses, at 100 mg/kg, on days 38--42 of infection. the reported effic ...1978739297
contact transmission of distemper virus in ferrets.distemper virus was transmitted when infected donor ferrets were placed with susceptible ferrets for various contact periods. distemper was more likely to be transmitted during the later stages of the disease. a positive correlation was found between the length of contact time and the acquisition of infection.1978564540
local anesthetics and tracheal ring ciliary activity.the effects of local anesthetics on ciliary activity were studied using ferret tracheal rings maintained in vitro. ciliary activity was quantitated visually after exposure to varying concentrations of mepivacaine, lidocaine, procaine, chloroprocaine, and bupivacaine. the recovery of ciliary activity was determined after tracheal rings were washed free of the local anesthetic agent. mepivacaine was the least toxic, with no effect on ciliary activity at a 1.0% concentration. bupivacaine was the mo ...1978568406
taurine conjugates as metabolites of arylacetic acids in the ferret.1. the pattern of conjugation in the ferret of 8 arylacetic acids and, for comparison, benzoic acid and 4-nitrobenzoic acid was examined. 2. the arylacetic acids, phenylacetic, 4-chloro- and 4-nitro phenylacetic, alpha-methylphenylacetic (hydratropic), 1- and 2-naphthylacetic and indol-3-ylacetic acids, were excreted in the urine as taurine and glycine conjugates. diphenylacetic acid did not form an amino acid conjugate and was excreted as a glucuronide. 3. the taurine conjugate was the major me ...1978347725
pathogenesis of respiratory syncytial virus infection in ferret and fetal human tracheas in organ culture.the pathogenesis of human respiratory syncytial virus infection was studied in ferret and fetal human tracheas in organ culture. although the patterns of virus growth were similar in these species, the sites and morphologic consequences of virus replication differed markedly. in human trachea, synthesis of respiratory syncytial virus occurred in a population of ciliated epithelial cells, whereas other cells in the epithelial layer were spared. virus replication was associated with cell injury ch ...1978354444
the pathogenesis of respiratory syncytial virus infection in cotton rats.the cotton rat is susceptible to respiratory synctial virus infection in both the upper and lower portions of the respiratory tract. virus replicates to high titer in the nose and lungs and to relatively low titer in the trachea. immunofluorescence studies demonstrated viral antigen in the nasal epithelium and the bronchial and bronchiolar epithelium but not in the trachea or the alveolar cells of the lungs. histopathologic changes included a desquamative, exudative rhinitis of moderate severity ...1978362946
regional t- and b-cell responses in influenza-infected ferrets.ferrets were infected with a/port chalmers/72 influenza virus and the t- and b-cell responses in the spleen, in lymph nodes draining the upper and lower respiratory tract, and in lung washings were examined in vitro. lymphocyte responses were measured by using a hemolytic plaque assay for b cells and a proliferation assay for t cells. virus and antibody levels were measured in respiratory tract washings, and antibody titers were measured in sera from infected animals. individual b cells secretin ...1978365744
the ferret and its diseases. 1978367994
a comparison of the composition and apolipoprotein content of the lipoproteins isolated from human and ferret (mustela putorius furo l.) serum.1. the lipoproteins isolated at densities of less than 1.006, 1.006-1.063 and 1.063-1.21 g/ml from human and ferret (mustela putorius furo l.) serum were compared. 2. ferret very low density lipoprotein contained proportionately less triglyceride and more phospholipid than human. 3. ferret low density lipoprotein contained proportionately more triglyceride and less cholesterol than human. 4. high density lipoprotein was the major lipoprotein in ferret serum. 5. the gel electrophoretic patterns o ...1978318359
h1 and h2 histamine actions on lung vessels; their relevance to hypoxic vasoconstriction.pulmonary vasomotor actions of histamine and the possible relationship of histamine to hypoxic pulmonary vasconstriction were studied in anaesthetized cats with one lobe of lung perfused at constant flow and in isolated perfused rat and ferret lungs. in the cat histamine caused dilatation, biphasic responses and constriction with increasing doses. histamine induced dilatation was better demonstrated during hypoxic vasoconstriction and was reduced by an h2 histamine antagonist; constriction with ...1978247533
comparative aspects of blastocyst-endometrial interactions at implantation.since the trophoblast-uterine adhesion is as nearly a universal phenomenon in implantation as can be found, an attempt was made to determine whether or not there was a reduction in cell surface glycoproteins in the rat, as can be observed in the ferret. neither colloidal iron nor cationized ferritin revealed the type of pattern anticipated for a localized reduction in surface negativity in the imprint of the blastocyst in the implantation chamber. the use of lectin-coated latex beads also proved ...1978115657
co-circulation of two influenza a (h3n2) antigenic variants detected by virus surveillance in individual communities.from march through june 1977 a total of 31 influenza a (h3n2) viruses were isolated from students with respiratory disease who were seen at the student health service on the berkeley campus of the university of california, and 32 influenza a (h3n2) viruses were isolated from persons who participated in a city-wide febrile respiratory disease surveillance program in seattle. the antigenic specificity of the hemagglutinin was determined for each isolate by hemagglutination inhibition testing with ...197883107
histamine receptors of airway smooth muscle of ferret and rat.ferret trachea and bronchus contract to carbachol greater than 5-ht greater than bradykinin (bk) greater than pgf2alpha greater than histamine greater than 2-methylhistamine (2-meh: a specific h1-receptor agonist). rat trachea is insensitive to the spasmogenic actions of histamine, 2-meh, pgf2alpha, bk and 5-ht. ferret trachea and bronchus and rat trachea (which were partially contracted to carbachol) relax to isoproterenol greater than pge1 greater than e2 greater than 4-methyl-histamine (4-meh ...197828556
the use of ferret trachea organ cultures for therapeutic studies of anti-influenzal drugs. ii. comparison of four compounds in tissue culture and in organ culture. 197897260
the histochemistry of mucosubstances in ferret salivary glands.the mucosubstances of the major salivary glands of the ferret were analysed using different histochemical reactions. almost all the parotid acinar cells had sialic acid-containing mucus. there were a very few cells, the granules of which gave reactions for sulphated mucins. submandibular gland mucus was sulphated in the major parts of the gland. there were occasional cells which gave reactions to carboxylated mucin. the sublingual and the molar glands had tubules which had 2 types of mucous cell ...197897904
instinctive predatory behavior of the ferret (putorius putorius furo l.) modified by chlordiazepoxide hydrochloride (librium).the predatory behavior of ferrets (putorius putorius furo l.) consists mainly of instinctive behavioral patterns that are elicited by simple external stimuli. for the ferret, the time needed to catch and kill rats depends on the size of the rats in relation to that of the ferret. killing success decreases with a relative increase in prey size. chlordiazepoxide hydrochloride injections (1 mg/kg, i.m.) modified this behavior. drugged ferrets needed less time and less bites to kill relatively large ...1978103120
antigenic relationship between influenza c viruses.the object of this study was to determine whether antigenic groupings exist among influenza c viruses. altogether seven influenza type c strains were examined by reciprocal haemagglutination-inhibition and serum neutralization tests with sera produced in ferrets. some biological properties were also compared and differences were found in their ability to agglutinate erythrocytes from various species, in their ability to adsorb onto rat and fowl erythrocytes, and in their rates of elution from th ...1978104696
the effect of treatment with a polychlorinated-biphenyl mixture on hepatic and extrahepatic xenobiotic metabolism in the rat and ferret [proceedings]. 1978105952
[evidence of a circadian sequence of photogonadsensitivity in the ferret].using "skeleton" photoperiods with a primary photofraction of 3 hrs. 30 min. and secondary photofraction of 30 min. located at various intervals after the onset of darkness, the occurrence of a photoinducible phase in the androgenic function has been evidenced in the ferret. this photo-inducible phase seems to be located around 12 hrs. after the onset of the primary photofraction, since the ferrets who received the 30 min. photofraction 8 hrs. after the onset of darkness responded with a maximal ...1978106984
experimental infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus infections of english ferrets (mustela putorius furo l).intranasal and intraperitoneal exposure of english ferrets (mustela putorius furo l) to infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus caused acute and chronic infections of the respiratory tract. the clinical syndrome was characterized by sneezing, coughing, and anorexia from postexposure days (ped) 3 to 7. mucopurulent exudate was observed in the posterior nares and pharyngeal area of ferrets euthanatized on ped 4 and 8. the virus was readily recovered from the turbinates, respiratory tract epitheliu ...1978211885
psychopharmacological influence on the prey catching behavior of ferrets (putorius furo l.) (author's transl).the prey-catching behavior of ferrets (putorius furo l.) consists mainly of instinctive behavior patterns, which can be elicited only through their releaser. then they are performed stereotypically. to get information concerning the central background and the hierarchical structure of this behavior the neuroleptics haloperidol (0.14 mg/kg), clozapine (10 mg/kg) and chlorpromazine (4 mg/kg) were injected i.m. under controlled conditions. in a conditioning experiment the reactivity of the animals ...197714351
the action of hypercapnia during hypoxia on pulmonary vessels.two opposing actions of co2 on pulmonary vessels, vasoconstriction and vasodilatation, were studied in dogs, cats, ferrets and rats using isolated lungs or a lobe of lung in vivo. both preparations were perfused at a constant flow rate so that changes in inflow pressure at constant outflow pressure represented changes in vascular resistance. lungs were ventilated with 5-15 percent co2 during hypoxic vasoconstriction in order to permit demonstration of dilatation and because the two stimuli frequ ...197723189
behaviour in ferrets of swine influenza virus isolated from man.after intranasal instillation into ferrets, the "swine" influenza virus a/new jersey/8/76(hsw1 n1) had a 50% minimal infectious dose similar to that of previously tested a/pr/8-a/england (h3 n2) recombinants virulent and attenuated for man. a/new jersey produced only a mild upper respiratory tract infection. however, higher titres of virus were recovered from the lungs over a longer period than experienced previously with asian and hong kong virus strains. there was a diphasic pyrexia the second ...197763712
pilot studies on recombinant cold-adapted live type a and b influenza virus vaccines.recombinant live attenuated type a and b influenza virus vaccines derived from standardized cold-adapted parent strains were given singly and in combination to volunteers. the vaccine viruses were well tolerated, functioned as good antigens, and failed to spread to intimate household contacts. thirty-nine isolates that were recovered after a single passage in humans appeared genetically stable. the results of histopathologic studies in ferrets encourage development of an animal model for attenua ...197769670
the hepatic effects of orally administered di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate in the ferret. 1977196961
vesicular stomatitis virus causes abortion and neonatal death in ferrets.vesicular stomatitis virus caused transplacental infection in ferrets, resulting in infant death. no clinically significant illness was observed in the adult, despite histological changes in the uterus, liver, and spleen.1977199615
properties of aleutian disease virus assayed with feline kidney cells.properties of aleutian disease virus (adv) were studied using feline kidney cells, line crfk, to assay virus by the induction of nuclear antigen. adv nuclear antigen was detected by immunofluorescent staining. titers of virus obtained from mink spleens at 10-8 days after infection were usually between 10(3) and 10(5) infectious units per gram of spleen. adv was purified by fluorocarbon extraction, differential centrifugation, biogel a-15 chromatography and cscl equilibrium centrifugation. the mo ...1977202229
the effect of hypothalamic lesions on the pars intermedia of the ferret. 1977323099
effects of luteinizing hormone releasing hormone on plasma follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone levels in the ferret.heterologous radioimmunoassays for fsh and lh were employed to examine the effect of synthetic lh-rh upon gonadotrophin secretion in the ferret. intravenous injection of 4 microng lh-rh induced a surge of fsh and of lh secretion in male and in female animals. in intact and in castrated males, the rise of lh was much more marked than that of fsh. the gonadotrophin response to lh-rh was greater in anoestrous than in oestrous females; fsh secretion was not enhanced during oestrus. ovariectomized fe ...1977323395
the use of ferret trachea organ cultures for therapeutic studies of anti-influenzal drugs. i. evaluation of the model in comparison with infection in humans. 1977340440
protective efficacy of rit 4025, a live attenuated influenza vaccine strain, and evaluation of heterotypic immunity to influenza a viruses in ferrets.ferrets immunized with an h3n2 recombinant of a/pr/8/34 and a/scotland/840/74 (rit 4025 vaccine strain) were almost completely protected against a challenge with the homologous strain a/scotland/840/74. the protection was lower but highly significant when the challenge was performed with the heterologous a/victoria/3/75 wild strain. the protection afforded by the vaccine strain was measured by three indicators: absence of temperature rise, absence or reduction of virus shedding and absence or re ...1977269196
vaccine-induced canine distemper virus in black-footed ferrets. 1977556720
the pregnant guinea-pig as a model for studying influenza virus infection in utero: infection of foetal tissues in organ culture and in vivo.organ cultures of guinea-pig foetal tissues showed a similar pattern of susceptibility to influenza virus to that already observed for human (rosztoczy et al., 1975) and ferret (sweet, toms and smith, 1977) foetal tissues. respiratory, alimentary and urogenital tract tissues were susceptible whereas neural and lymphopoietic tissues were insusceptible. however, of the foetal membranes (amnion, chorion, umbilical cord and placenta) only the chorion was susceptible, in contrast to the corresponding ...1977558788
stimulation of the hypothalamus and fsh and lh secretion in the ferret.the acute effects of hypothalamic electrical stimulation on the secretion of fsh and lh have been examined in anestrous and estrous ferrets. basal levels of luteinizing hormone (lh) and follicle-stimulating hormone (fsh) were higher in the anestrous than in the estrous animals; the anestrous animals showed a more marked increase in gonadotropin levels following hypothalamic stimulation than did the estrous animals whether the stimulation current was constant or increased in the course of the exp ...1977563530
the localization of influenza virus in the respiratory tract of ferrets: the importance of early replication events in determining tissue specificity. 1977579185
drug metabolism in the ferret: effects of age, sex and strain. 1977590731
the peripheral organization of vagal gastric motility fibres in the ferret [proceedings]. 1977592156
one-year toxicity study of orange g in the ferret. 1977598788
in vitro markers for measuring residual virulence for men of live attenuated influenza viruses.human and equine influenza strains attenuated by consecutive passages in the presence of normal horse serum (nhs) on allantois-on-shell system (aos) and administered to human volunteers or horses as possible live virus vaccine candidates were tested in organ cultures of ferret and hamster trachea. temperature sensitivity, virus replication, interferon induction and neuraminidase activity were also investigated. observation of the ciliary activity of each ring was made daily. influenza strains wh ...1977604117
antigenic subgroups of influenza a (hsw1 n1) virus differentiated by hemagglutination inhibition.eleven influenza a/swine virus strains could be arranged in three subgroups by hemagglutination inhibition (hi) titrations. the antisera used include post-infection ferret sera (native as well as after adsorption with heterologous hsw1 n1 virus) and paired human sera from recent influenza a patients, showing antibody titre rises against a/swine virus. for serological detection of infections with an unknown a/swine virus, virus strains of the subgroup with the broadest reactivity are more suitabl ...1977604129
thermal stability and interaction with ferret inflammatory exudates of two clones of influenza virus of differing virulence for both ferrets and man. 1977607985
response of immature, mature nonbreeding and mature breeding ferret testis to exogenous lh stimulation. 1977831848
determination of a sensitive period for the induction of the maternal pregnancy reaction in the ferret. 1977833774
construction of an improved tracheal pouch in the ferret.a surgical technic is described for the construction of a subcutaneous tracheal pouch in the ferret and for sampling undiluted tracheal secretions at daily to weekly intervals during a period of many months. this technic is applicable to other species.1977835886
gross and microscopic anatomy of the biliary tract of the ferret.the gross and microscopic anatomy of the biliary tract of the ferret was studied. the liver consisted of six separate lobes. the coronary ligament was not present. histologically, it was very similar to that of man. the gall-bladder was present and was a pear-shaped sac. its muscle coat was very thick and well developed. hepatic ducts were multiple. minor hepatic ducts formed three major ducts, the left, central and the right. a single common hepatic duct was not present. the cystic duct general ...1977848264
susceptibility of laboratory animals to infection by spotted fever group rickettsiae.an attempt was made to find a suitable animal model for studies of spotted fever group rickettsiae. inbred and outbred mice, the guinea pig, ferret, gerbil, hamster, wild rabbit, cotton rat, sheep, and miniature swine were tested. of these, only certain strains of the mouse [mai:(s) and balb/cj] and the guinea pig [hla:(ha)] exhibited, overtly, the desired characteristics of disease. other laboratory animals (such as sheep or rabbits) can be used for the production of antiserum against the spott ...1977857087
the pregnant ferret as a model for studying the congenital effects of influenza virus infection in utero: infection of foetal tissues in organ culture and in vivo.organ cultures of ferret foetal tissues showed a similar pattern of susceptibility to influenza virus to that already observed for human foetal tissues (rosztoczy et al., 1975); respiratory, alimentary and urogenital tissues supported the replication of influenza virus but nervous and lymphopoietic tissues (those which, in man, are associated with foetal or postnatal abnormalities) were insusceptible. in contrast to corresponding human tissues, ferret foetal placenta and amnion readily supported ...1977861161
effect of electro-ejaculation frequency on semen characteristics in the ferret (mustela putorius). 1977873035
dose-response activity of ribavirin against influenza virus infection in ferrets. 1977873876
gross and microscopic anatomy of the major salivary glands of the ferret.the gross and microscopic anatomy of the major salivary glands of the ferret was studied. there were 5 pairs of major salivary glands, parotid, submandibular, sublingua, molar and zygomatic. they were of compound tubuloacinar type and consisted of numerous lobes and lobules. the parotid gland was grossly similar to the parotids in other mammals but histologically it was seromucous as in the carnivores dog and cat. the parotid duct opened into the vestibule of the mouth opposite the upper third p ...1977883489
testis differentiation in the fetal and postnatal ferret.testis development has been examined in a series of 59 fetal and 9 postnatal ferrets from day 22 of the 40-42 day pregnancy, to 12 days after birth. developing seminiferous tubules and interstitial cells were first seen on day 26, and were well established one day later. differentiation was associated with cell enlargement and cell division, and consequently the testes grew distinctly more rapidly at this time than the corresponding ovaries. up to the end of pregnancy the epithelioid interstitia ...1977885777
temperature-sensitive mutants of influenza virus. xiii. evaluation of influenza a/hong kong/68 and a/udorn/72 ts and wild-type viruses in tracheal organ culture at permissive and restrictive temperatures.for development of an in vitro assay of attenuation for virus vaccine candidates, tracheal ring organ cultures from young ferrets were infected with influenza a/hong kong/68 and a/udorn/72 temperature-sensitive (ts) recombinant and wild-type viruses and observed for 21 days at permissive (33 c) and restrictive (37 c) temperatures for effects on ciliated epithelium and viral replication. results were compared with the known effects of these viruses in humans. viruses that damaged ferret cilia and ...1977886200
ultrastructural and histological studies of brains of ferrets inoculated with subacute sclerosing panencephalitis: similarities to human disease.similarities to human subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (sspe) were revealed in a study of the brains of ferrets inoculated with a cell associated measles virus originally isolated from an sspe patient. the similarities were greatest in animals that showed neurological signs 3-4 months after inoculation and had high titers of neutralizing antibodies against measles virus. these included dense core particles, nuclear bodies, alterations of basement membranes of small blood vessels, plasma cells ...1977886366
encephalitis in ferrets caused by a nonproductive strain of measles virus (d.r.) isolated from patient with subacute sclerosing panencephalitis.a nonproductive, syncytiogenic strain (d.r.) of measles virus, isolated from a patient with subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (sspe), was inoculated intracerebrally into ferrets in an attempt to induce subacute encephalitis. inoculation of freeze-thawed syncytia before immunization was the least effective procedure, and inoculation of live syncytia after immunization with measles virus vaccine was the most effective procedure, for induction of subacute or persistent subclinical encephalitis in ...1977894077
reproduction in the male ferret: gonadal activity during the annual cycle; recrudescence and maturation. 1977901891
the effects of peroral or local aerosol administration of 1-aminoadamantane hydrochloride (amantadine hydrochloride) on influenza infections of the ferret. 1977903327
glutamine conjugation of phenylacetic acid in the ferret [proceedings]. 1977913772
differential response of ferrets to infection with virulent and avirulent influenza viruses: a possible marker of virus attenuation. 1977921544
diabetes mellitus in a black-footed ferret.diabetes mellitus was tentatively diagnosed in a black-footed ferret with polyuria, polydipsia, polyphagia, dehydration, and weight loss. laboratory findings (marked hyperglycemia (724 mg/100 ml), glycosuria, and ketonuria) and the subsequent favorable response to insulin therapy confirmed the diagnosis. although lesions were not observed in the pancreas, gross and histologic findings concomitant with diabetes mellitus included arteriosclerosis, with calcification of the aorta and other major ve ...1977924862
the localization of influenza virus in the respiratory tract of ferrets: the different susceptibilities of fresh and maintained organ cultures. 1977925683
episodic fluctuation in plasma testosterone and dihydrotestosterone in male ferrets during the breeding season. 1977563457
the relation of pyrexia and nasal inflammatory response to virus levels in nasal washings of ferrets infected with influenza viruses of differing virulence. 1977911671
the quantitative effect of visual and tactile stimuli on the prey-catching behaviour of ferrets (putorius furo l.).the influence of visual and tactile stimuli on the elicitation of prey-catching behaviour of ferrets was to be studied. for this study 16 animals, males and females, some naive and others experienced in catching and killing mice and rats were used. the behaviour of the ferrets toward 16 dummies with different characteristics was analysed under standardized conditions. prey catching reactions of ferrets can be elicited by moving dummies. dummies up to a certain size reliably elicit hunting reacti ...197724896437
treatment of experimental spinal cord injury in ferrets.a variety of treatment modalities upon a compressive model of spinal cord injury in ferrets was tested. several of the treatments seemed to increase the degree of anatomical and/or functional sparing, but only dexamethasone did so in a statistically significant manner.1976968725
a model of spinal cord injury.we report here a model of submaximal spinal cord injury, employing direct thoracic cord compression in ferrets. this yields consistent and reproducible long term consequences on local cellular structure and on locomotive function. we show also that both the anatomical and functional losses can be measured objectively using simple techniques, and that useful long-tract mediated locomotion is preserved after severe axonal losses at the site of injury.1976985622
position reversal deficit in young ferrets.young ferrets (6 and 10 weeks old at the start of the experiments) were compared to adult ferrets on learning (1) a lashley iii maze, (2) a left-right discrimination in t-maze with identical choice arms, and (3) a reversal of the left-right discrimination. the young were not inferior to the adults in learning either the lashley iii maze or the initial discrimination in the t-maze. however, the young were markedly (and significantly) inferior to the adults in learning to reverse.1976955289
effects of testosterone propionate administered perinatally on sexual behavior of female ferrets.female ferrets that received injections of testosterone propionate (tp) early in postnatal life displayed significantly more masculine behavior than did control females when gonadectomized and administered either tp or estradiol benzoate in adulthood. this increased masculine response potential was not correlated with the effects of early tp treatment on phallic development. in contrast to results obtained in most other species, perinatal administration of tp to female ferrets failed to disrupt ...1976944719
effects of antibodies to oestrogens on implantation in ferrets. 19761271348
prey-lithium aversions. ii: laboratory rats and ferrets. 1976938413
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