Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| disseminated pneumocystis carinii infection in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. | 1990 | 2179773 | |
| erosive arthritis, atypical psoriasis, and pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in an hiv-positive man. | 1990 | 2179774 | |
| aids and the lung. 6-- management of respiratory failure in patients with the acquired immune deficiency syndrome and pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. | 1990 | 2180108 | |
| [visceral leishmaniasis (kala-azar) and hiv infection. apropos of a case and literature review]. | a 42 year old male spanish patient who presented since one year a symptomatic stage iv c1,c2,d hiv infection (pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, cerebral toxoplasmosis, esophageal candidiasis, kaposi's sarcoma) became progressively asthenic with weight loss, diarrhea, fever and complained about bone pain. these symptoms could be attributed to visceral leishmaniasis. this novel opportunistic infection should be considered in the differential diagnosis of fever of unknown origin in hiv+ patients comi ... | 1990 | 2181645 |
| aerosolized pentamidine in pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. | ap has been shown to be a promising alternative therapy to trimethroprim-sulfamethoxazole for the treatment and prevention of pcp in aids patients with fewer side effects than the systemic agents. more controlled clinical trials are still needed to establish the optimal dosage regimen for treatment and prevention of pcp. clinicians should also be aware that disseminated disease caused by pneumocystis carinii involving organs other than the lung has been reported in patients treated with ap. the ... | 1990 | 2182285 |
| pulmonary tuberculosis in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. | an association between tuberculosis and hiv infection is becoming increasingly evident. hiv seropositivity has been seen in nearly 30% of some populations with tuberculosis. in other populations nearly 25% of patients with aids had tuberculosis. clinically these patients present with nonspecific findings including weight loss, night sweats, and fever. the symptoms are generally gradual in onset and last for several weeks. early in the course of hiv infection a ppd skin test may be positive and t ... | 1990 | 2182902 |
| infection after liver transplantation. | infections occurring in liver transplant recipients result in significant morbidity and mortality. factors influencing the frequency of posttransplant infections include pretransplant nutritional status, latent viral infections, and the degree of immunosuppression used to modulate the immune response to the allograft. infectious agents may be introduced into the patient via the allograft, through infusion of blood products, and through intravenous lines, catheters, and drains. infections also de ... | 1990 | 2183644 |
| cancer in ataxia-telangiectasia patients. | a gene locus for ataxia-telangiectasia (a-t) is in chromosome region 11q22 to 11q23 and predisposes to cancer. ataxia-telangiectasia patients appear to have two separate clinical patterns of malignancy. one pattern involves solid tumors, which have not been stressed and which include malignancies in the oral cavity, breast, stomach, pancreas, ovary, and bladder. detection of a solid tumor in an a-t patient should serve as a warning. it heralds a markedly elevated risk of another malignancy in th ... | 1990 | 2184934 |
| pneumocystis carinii pneumonia: diagnosis and management. | as management of hiv infection becomes more proactive, early identification of persons at risk for pcp and initiation of preventive therapy will become more routine, and the clinical impact of p. carinii may be ameliorated. | 1990 | 2185391 |
| [opportunistic infections in hiv-infected patients]. | hiv-infected patients are prone to frequent opportunistic infections (oi). their fundamental differences to infections in the immunocompetent host are explained. the most frequent oi is pneumonia caused by pneumocystis carinii. a brief overview on diagnostic and therapeutic aspects of encephalitis due to toxoplasma gondii, candidiasis, meningitis due to cryptococcus neoformans, tuberculosis, infection by atypical mycobacteria, infection by viruses of the herpes group--in particular cytomegalovir ... | 1990 | 2187221 |
| why have pneumocystis carinii trophozoites been ignored? | 1990 | 2187901 | |
| corticosteroids prevent early deterioration in patients with moderately severe pneumocystis carinii pneumonia and the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) | to determine whether oral corticosteroids can prevent early deterioration in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids)-related pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. | 1990 | 2190515 |
| pentamidine. a risk-benefit analysis. | with the advent of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids), the therapeutic importance of pentamidine isethionate has greatly increased. this review summarises its pharmacology, its toxicity and clinical experience in the treatment of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (pcp). data are conflicting as to whether pentamidine is more or less effective than cotrimoxazole (trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole) for the treatment of pcp in individuals with aids, but due to its toxicity and expense, it is con ... | 1990 | 2190597 |
| inhaled pentamidine. an overview of its pharmacological properties and a review of its therapeutic use in pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. | pentamidine is an aromatic diamidine derivative which has become one of the standard therapies for pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (pcp), particularly in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids). however, with parenteral administration of the drug there is a high risk of toxicity. inhaled pentamidine produces much higher concentrations of drug on the bronchoalveolar surface with minimal systemic absorption. it has been used successfully for the treatment of pcp in aids patients, bu ... | 1990 | 2191850 |
| atypical pathologic manifestations of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in the acquired immune deficiency syndrome. review of 123 lung biopsies from 76 patients with emphasis on cysts, vascular invasion, vasculitis, and granulomas. | the frequency of atypical pathologic manifestations of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (pcp) were studied in 123 lung biopsy specimens from 76 national institutes of health patients with the acquired immune deficiency syndrome. the following atypical features were observed: interstitial (63%) and intraluminal (36%) fibrosis, absence of alveolar exudate (19%), numerous alveolar macrophages (9%), granulomatous inflammation (5%), hyaline membranes (4%), marked interstitial pneumonitis (3%), parenchy ... | 1990 | 2192568 |
| extrapulmonary pneumocystis carinii infections. | a case of disseminated infection with pneumocystis carinii is presented, and the english-language literature is reviewed for cases of documented extrapulmonary infection with this organism. in this case--with p. carinii diffusely replacing the bone marrow and causing hepatic, adrenal, and glomerular tuft necrosis--the clinical illness and multiple-organ dysfunction attributed to disseminated p. carinii were more severe than had previously been described. because the rate of extrapulmonary p. car ... | 1990 | 2193343 |
| t-cell-depleted autologous bone marrow transplantation therapy: analysis of immune deficiency and late complications. | fourteen patients with t-cell-derived leukemia and lymphoma underwent high-dose chemoradiotherapy and anti-t-cell monoclonal antibody-treated autologous bone marrow transplantation (abmt). all patients were either in sensitive relapse or had adverse prognostic features, and five patients had a history of bone marrow involvement with disease. patients received a median of 2 (1 to 3) prior chemotherapy regimens; 10 patients received local radiotherapy. after high-dose ablative therapy, greater tha ... | 1990 | 2194591 |
| [pneumonia in aids: pathogen spectrum and diagnostic value of various fiberoptic bronchoscopy methods for the detection of pathogens]. | 39 fibre-bronchoscopic examinations were performed prospectively in 29 aids-patients with pneumonia. specimens were obtained from the central bronchial system with a protected brush and by suction, from the infiltrated peripheral area by catheter suction, protected brush, bronchoalveolar lavage (bal) and transbronchial biopsy in randomized order. in patients with non-bacterial pneumonia, pneumocystis carinii (n = 20) was the most frequent pathogen. in this group bal had a significantly higher ra ... | 1990 | 2195537 |
| [lung deposition of 300 and 600 mg pentamidine, inhaled with 3 different inhalers]. | intracorporal, especially pulmonary, and extracorporal deposition of pentamidine was studied following inhalation of 300 or 600 mg in 6 ml aqua dest. each dose in six patients with one previous episode of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. three different nebulizers--two mechanical nebulizers (respirgard ii and pari-is-2) and one ultrasonic device (portasonic) - were compared. the following results were obtained: 1.300 mg pentamidine in 6 ml aqua dest. is a sufficient dose for prophylaxis provided ... | 1990 | 2197532 |
| [unwanted drug side effects with pentamidine inhalation]. | the incidence of systemic side effects under aerosolized pentamidine treatment or prophylaxis for pneumocystis carinii pneumonia is low when compared to intravenous application. erythema, hypotension, hypoglycemia, renal failure are infrequently seen. local side effects--cough, bronchial spasm, metallic taste--are frequent complications of aerosolized pentamidine treatment. cystic lung disease, pneumothorax, and atypical pneumonia may be a late sequelae of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, and not ... | 1990 | 2197533 |
| [therapy of hiv associated mild and moderately severe pneumocystis carinii pneumonia with 600 mg/die pentamidine aerosol. results of a multicenter study]. | in 22 hiv positive patients a mild to moderate pneumocystis carinii pneumonia was treated by daily inhalation for 21 days of 600 mg pentamidine, divided into two inhalation phases with the inhalation of 300 mg pentamidin each. in 13 patients (59%) treatment was successful. in five cases, therapy was stopped in the first treatment week because of lacking clinical effectiveness resp. clinical deterioration. in four cases, therapy was discontinued in the further course. the subsequent treatment was ... | 1990 | 2197534 |
| [treatment of mild to moderately severe pneumocystis carinii pneumonia with cotrimoxazole versus pentamidine aerosol. preliminary results of a prospective randomized therapy study]. | in an open, prospective, randomized study we compared efficacy and side effects of 8 g/d cotrimoxazole (tmp/smx) i.v. vs. 600 mg aerosolized pentamidine. 29 of 60 planned case record forms are now evaluated. efficacy in both groups was comparable, but side effects in the pentamidine arm were very rare (7.2% vs. 40% in the tmp/smx group). in moderate pneumocystis carinii pneumonia aerosolized pentamidine could be the first choice therapy. necessary conditions are to use proper inhalation systems, ... | 1990 | 2197535 |
| primary prevention of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia by inhalation of pentamidine. preliminary results from a placebo-controlled randomized trial. swiss group for clinical studies on aids. | patients with aids but without pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, patients with advanced aids-related complex (arc), and asymptomatic patients with less than 200 cd4-positive lymphocytes/mm3 were randomized to one of two groups: group i: inhalation of 300 mg of pentamidine every 28 days; group ii: inhalation of placebo (300 mg of na isethionate) every 28 days. from may to november 28, 1989, 160 patients have entered the trial. inhalations were well tolerated, with only a 6% use of bronchodilators a ... | 1990 | 2197536 |
| [preventive pentamidine inhalation of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in patients with immune deficiency. preliminary evaluation of a multicenter study]. | in the first evaluation of an uncontrolled multicenter study on inhalative pentamidine prophylaxis (300 mg pentamidine-isethionate monthly) of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in immunocompromised patients, 48 patients (all 48 patients hiv1-infected, 36 without preceding pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (primary prophylaxis), twelve after pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (secondary prophylaxis); age 20 to 68 years (median 38); 45 male, two female, one unknown; 22 patients aids) were observed for 0 to ... | 1990 | 2197537 |
| [randomized comparative study of secondary prevention of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in patients with acquired immunologic deficiency syndrome]. | pneumocystis carinii pneumonia is one of the most frequent infectious complications in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids). a prospective trial was initiated to compare azidothymidine alone with azidothymidine plus aerosolized pentamidine as a secondary prophylaxis for pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. 27 patients (24 male, three female, average age 39 years) were enrolled, 14 patients receiving azidothymidine and pentamidine aerosol and 13 azidothymidine alone. after 166 d ... | 1990 | 2197538 |
| diagnosis of pneumocystis carinii in sputum samples using a modified toluidine blue o method. | 1990 | 2197844 | |
| inhaled or intravenous pentamidine therapy for pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in aids. a randomized trial. | to compare inhaled pentamidine with intravenous pentamidine for the treatment of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids). | 1990 | 2197910 |
| intravenous or inhaled pentamidine for treating pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in aids. a randomized trial. | to evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of aerosolized pentamidine and of reduced-dose intravenous pentamidine for the treatment of mild to moderate pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids). | 1990 | 2197911 |
| recurrent pneumothorax in aids patients with pneumocystis pneumonia. a clinicopathologic report of three cases and review of the literature. | spontaneous pneumothorax associated with pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (pcp) in aids patients has been reported with increasing frequency; however, little is known about the causative histopathology. in the past year, we treated three patients with documented pcp subsequently complicated by multiple spontaneous pneumothoraces. all patients underwent open surgical repair. in contrast to traditional pathologic findings of pcp in aids, histologic sections of lung from each patient consistently dem ... | 1990 | 2198133 |
| ventilatory effects of nasal continuous positive airway pressure. | nasal continuous positive airway pressure (ncpap) improved arterial oxygenation in patients with sleep apnoea as well as those with acute pulmonary processes such as pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. despite an expanding pool of clinical information, little if any attempt seems to have been made to see whether ncpap alters ventilatory patterns. the effect of ncpap was assessed by respiratory inductance plethysmography in 14 healthy males. ncpap reduced respiratory rate (14.3 +/- 1.47 to 9.7 +/- 1. ... | 1990 | 2198164 |
| treatment of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia with 1,3-beta-glucan synthesis inhibitors. | pneumocystis carinii pneumonia is a major cause of death in aids patients in the united states. the presently available treatments have limited use due to a high incidence of adverse reactions. therefore, there is an urgent need for a safer method for treatment and prevention of this disease. recent evidence has suggested that p. carinii is related to fungi and that the wall of the cyst form contains 1,3-beta-glucan as a major constituent. based on this, several proposed 1,3-beta-glucan synthesi ... | 1990 | 2198575 |
| opportunistic infections in aids in developed and developing countries. | the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (aids) is fundamentally the same disease in all parts of the world, but the prevalence of microorganisms in an environment governs the patterns of disease arising from reactivated latent infections, invading pathogens and opportunistic infections. aids in africa has certain characteristic presentations. enteropathic aids is most common: cryptosporidium and isospora belli are identified in up to 60% of patients, but it is uncertain whether they are the caus ... | 1990 | 2201107 |
| missing infections in aids. | in north america and europe, the opportunistic infections from which patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (aids) frequently suffer are pneumocystis carinii pneumonia and mycobacterium avium-intracellulare: in central africa these infections are uncommon or non-existent. serious infections with entamoeba histolytica and strongyloides stercoralis would be expected to occur in aids patients: they do not. falciparum malaria might be expected to interact with hiv infection: it does not. ... | 1990 | 2201111 |
| ewing's sarcoma metastatic at diagnosis. results and comparisons of two intergroup ewing's sarcoma studies. | two pediatric intergroup ewing's sarcoma studies of patients with metastatic disease (iess-md) have used multimodal therapy consisting of intensive combination chemotherapy and radiation therapy (xrt) to areas of gross disease detected at the time of diagnosis. in iess-md-i, conducted from 1975 to 1977, 53 eligible patients were entered and received the chemotherapeutic agents vincristine, adriamycin (doxorubicin; adria laboratories, columbus, oh), cyclophosphamide, and dactinomycin with concomi ... | 1990 | 2201433 |
| disseminated pneumocystis carinii in a patient receiving aerosolized pentamidine prophylaxis. | 1990 | 2202161 | |
| inhibition of pneumocystis carinii dihydropteroate synthetase by sulfa drugs. | a new reversed-phase high-pressure liquid chromatography assay procedure for dihydropteroate synthetase (dhps) that involves the elution of the enzyme incubation solution with a series of three solvents of decreasing polarity (ammonium phosphate buffer, 10% methanol, and 50% methanol) was designed. by this procedure dhps was detected in escherichia coli and pneumocystis carinii with specific activities of 450 and 14 u/mg, respectively. a comparison of the effects of five sulfa drugs on p. carini ... | 1990 | 2203302 |
| steroids for pneumocystis carinii pneumonia and respiratory failure in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. a reassessment. | patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome who have pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (pcp) and respiratory failure have a high mortality. previous reports have suggested that corticosteroids administered in conjunction with antibiotics improve the outcome in these patients. we reviewed our experience with adjunctive corticosteroids in 20 patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and respiratory failure due to pcp to determine if this was the case. fourteen patients responded to therap ... | 1990 | 2203321 |
| [aids therapy]. | therapy of aids comprises two aspects: (1) causative therapy, directed against hiv, and (2) symptomatic therapy of opportunistic infections and malignancies. the best results regarding antiretroviral therapy - both in vitro and in vivo - have been obtained, so far, with inhibitors of reverse transcriptase. we discuss the mechanism of action, the efficacy, and the side effects of azt, a nucleoside analogue, and comment on combined therapies with acyclovir and immunomodulators. we report on the th ... | 1990 | 2205064 |
| current treatment for human immunodeficiency virus infection. | treatment of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection can prolong survival and enhance the quality of life in affected patients, although neither immune reconstitution nor cure can be achieved. zidovudine is now the only licensed treatment. it is effective but sometimes toxic. zidovudine decreases the incidence of opportunistic infections but does not prevent them, and concurrent prophylaxis against pneumocystis carinii pneumonia should be given to those patients at greatest risk of this inf ... | 1990 | 2205473 |
| [x-ray diagnosis of immunologically induced lung diseases in children and adolescents]. | after coverage of pathophysiological mechanisms, radiological symptoms and differential diagnosis of bacterial and opportunistic infections of the bronchopulmonary system are discussed as they occur in humoral, cellular and combined congenital and acquired immune deficiencies. the discussion is based on case reports. humoral deficiencies cause recurrent and chronic bacterial infections of the bronchopulmonary system, frequently with bronchiectasis. in the case of cellular and combined immune def ... | 1990 | 2205884 |
| pulmonary alveolar proteinosis associated with pneumocystis carinii. ultrastructural identification in bronchoalveolar lavage in aids and immunocompromised non-aids patients. | pneumocystis carinii (pc) has been recognized as frequently responsible for most opportunistic pulmonary infections occurring in immunocompromised aids and non-aids patients. moreover, these patients can be considered at risk for secondary pulmonary alveolar proteinosis. therefore, we have investigated the occurrence of associated secondary alveolar proteinosis and pc pneumonitis in aids and non-aids immunocompromised patients. in a series of 26 bronchoalveolar lavages (bal) in patients with pc ... | 1990 | 2209133 |
| acute pulmonary effects of aerosolized pentamidine. a randomized controlled study. toronto aerosolized pentamidine study (taps) group. | from june 1988 to february 1989, we enrolled 36 patients with human immunodeficiency virus into a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial assessing the efficacy and toxicity of aerosolized pentamidine (ap) as secondary prophylaxis for pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. each patient underwent spirometric evaluations before and after aerosolized treatment. there was no significant difference in the results of baseline pulmonary function tests between the two groups. eleven patients (65 perce ... | 1990 | 2209147 |
| rapid microscopy technique for detection of pneumocystis carinii in fresh clinical specimens. | a direct method for detection of pneumocystis carinii was evaluated in 14 patients with impaired immune function (3 seropositive for hiv, 8 with aids and 3 with heart transplants) and signs and symptoms suggestive of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. direct examination by phase-contrast and interference-contrast microscopy of fresh clinical specimens obtained by sputum induction, bronchoalveolar lavage or transbronchial lung biopsy was found to be a simple and rapid method for detection of pneumoc ... | 1990 | 2209627 |
| [a case of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia with hyperinfection of strongyloides stercoralis complicated with smoldering adult t-cell leukemia]. | a 43-year-old woman visited a clinic for an attack of bronchial asthma which she had been suffering since her childhood. she was treated with prednisolone which was used for the first time. two weeks later, she had a fever and her chest x-ray showed diffuse reticulonodular shadows on both middle to lower lung fields. in spite of the use of antibacterial drugs, her symptoms such as cough, dyspnea, malaise and fever increased. it was revealed that she had stronglyoides sterocoralis in the stool. s ... | 1990 | 2212758 |
| relationship between aids latency period and aids survival time in homosexual and bisexual men. | we identified 277 homosexual and bisexual men diagnosed with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (aids) whose estimated human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) seroconversion dates, ranging from 1977-85, could be well approximated. these men were from a cohort of 6,705 homosexual and bisexual men originally recruited for studies of sexually transmitted hepatitis b in san francisco in 1978-80. we compared the time from hiv seroconversion to the initial disease diagnostic of aids (aids latency period) ... | 1990 | 2213508 |
| analysis of pneumocystis carinii cyst wall. i. evidence for an outer surface membrane. | it has long been thought that the cyst form of pneumocystis carinii, which can resist host defenses and antimicrobial drugs, is responsible for relapses of p. carinii pneumonia. the thick wall of the cyst is immunogenic and rich in glucosyl/mannosyl and n-acetyl-d-glucosamine residues. in this study we have demonstrated the presence of a hitherto unreported outer membrane in the cyst wall of p. carinii. this membrane was detected by a combination of techniques, including transmission electron mi ... | 1990 | 2213655 |
| analysis of pneumocystis carinii cyst wall. ii. sugar composition. | pneumocystis carinii cysts are capable of resisting host defenses and antimicrobial drugs and are therefore thought to be responsible for relapses of p. carinii pneumonia in aids and other immunocompromised patients. the interaction of p. carinii with its host, and other p. carinii, might be mediated by molecules which form the outer surfaces of this organism. carbohydrates are known to play many roles in cell-cell adhesion, and have been detected on the surface of p. carinii by lectin labeling ... | 1990 | 2213656 |
| quantitative c-reactive protein in pulmonary infections. | a total of 207 cases were selected to evaluate the diagnostic value of c-reactive protein (crp) in pulmonary infections. the mean +/- sd of crp values in various pulmonary infections were as follows: 18.62 +/- 11.34 micrograms/ml for 32 cases of exudative-fibrotic tuberculosis; 15.98 +/- 16.66 micrograms/ml for 15 cases of tuberculous pneumonia; 25.61 +/- 18.96 micrograms/ml for 29 cases of tuberculous effusion; 16.66 +/- 10.18 micrograms/ml for 11 cases of tuberculous cavity; 81.1 +/- 24.9 micr ... | 1990 | 2213964 |
| [secondary prevention of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia by intravenous pentamidine]. | 1990 | 2214912 | |
| [generalized histoplasmosis in 3 patients with an hiv infection]. | three patients with generalized histoplasmosis and the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) are described. symptoms of generalized histoplasmosis in patients with aids are not specific and concomitant opportunistic infections frequently occur. two patients suffered from an infection by mycobacterium tuberculosis, one patient had pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, and one had cerebral toxoplasmosis. one patient had serological results positive for histoplasma capsulatum. two of the three patien ... | 1990 | 2215745 |
| a cyst-specific component of pneumocystis carinii. | 1990 | 2217126 | |
| immunohistochemistry of pneumocystis carinii infection. | pneumocystis carinii is the pre-eminent pulmonary pathogen and leading cause of death in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids). the diagnosis of this organism depends upon the morphologic demonstration of the cyst wall, trophozoite, or sporozoite in specimens from the lower respiratory tract. a variety of histochemical stains have been used to identify p. carinii, each with considerable limitations in specificity. extrapulmonary spread and unusually destructive pulmonary patter ... | 1990 | 2217151 |
| oral findings in hiv-infected patients attending a department of internal medicine: the contribution of intraoral examination towards the clinical management of hiv disease. | the occurrence of oral mucosal lesions was studied in 70 consecutive human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-infected patients, including 35 patients with aids, who had been admitted to a department of internal medicine. lesions of the oral mucosa were observed in 52 patients (74 per cent). oral candidiasis (50 per cent), hairy leukoplakia (14 per cent), periodontal disease (13 per cent), and oral kaposi's sarcoma (4 per cent) were the most common lesions. oral mucosal lesions suggestive of hiv infec ... | 1990 | 2217677 |
| [late diagnosis of juvenile dermatomyositis with spontaneous pneumothorax, pneumomediastinum, and subcutaneous emphysema]. | the authors describe a 11 year-old girl that presented eczematous scabies with acute oligoarthritis that subsided in one day. fourteen months later, she developed a classical juvenile dermatomyositis with spontaneous pneumothorax, pneumomediastinum, subcutaneous emphysema; pulmonary infection due to pneumocystis carinii had been diagnosed and was attributable to immunosuppressive therapy. despite the late diagnosis, the rapid disease activity and the multiple complications, clinical and laborato ... | 1990 | 2218303 |
| ventricular tachycardia and torsades de pointes complicating pentamidine therapy of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. | 1990 | 2220597 | |
| spontaneous pneumothorax in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome treated with prophylactic aerosolized pentamidine. | spontaneous pneumothorax is a known complication of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. to evaluate the possible pathogenesis and natural history of pneumothorax in patients receiving aerosolized pentamidine prophylaxis, we retrospectively reviewed 327 outpatients positive for human immunodeficiency virus receiving aerosolized pentamidine. there were 12 spontaneous pneumothoraces in this group of patients. seventy-five percent of patients with ... | 1990 | 2222102 |
| high resolution computed tomography of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in aids. | high resolution computed tomography (ct) was performed on 11 homosexual men with the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (aids). all had bronchoscopically proven pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (pcp). six patients were re-scanned following treatment and symptomatic recovery. all the scans were abnormal, most showing fine diffuse bilateral alveolar consolidation with bronchial wall thickening, despite having a normal or near-normal chest radiograph in three cases. a variety of unexpected changes s ... | 1990 | 2225727 |
| undiagnosed tuberculosis in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection. | we describe the clinical features of 11 patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection in whom tuberculosis was undiagnosed and untreated prior to death. most patients (9 of 11) had pulmonary complaints and 8 of 11 had roentgenographic findings suggestive of tuberculosis (hilar or mediastinal adenopathy, pleural effusion, apical infiltrate or miliary pattern). despite these findings, tuberculin skin tests were not performed in any of the patients. acid-fast smears of sputum were obtained i ... | 1990 | 2225943 |
| [pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in hiv infection: better prognosis because of early diagnosis]. | the clinical presentation of 60 consecutive pneumocystis carinii pneumonias in 58 hiv-infected patients (48 men, 10 women, mean age 34 [22-53] years) was prospectively evaluated from april to august 1989 and compared with 60 consecutive p. carinii pneumonias in 59 hiv-infected patients (55 men, 4 women, mean age 37.5 [22-60] years) between 1981-88. mortality rates within 14 days after diagnosis of p. carinii pneumonia were 50% (8 of 16 patients) until 1985, 20.5% (9 of 44) between 1986 and augus ... | 1990 | 2226163 |
| lung pathology in hiv positive patients. | we describe the results of 43 bronchoscopic examinations carried out on 35 patients who were hiv positive. of these, 13 were intravenous drug abusers, 13 were homosexual or bisexual, six were haemophiliacs, two were homosexual intravenous drug abusers and one was a heterosexual contact of a drug abuser. all underwent investigation because of respiratory symptoms. aetiological diagnosis could not be made from physical examination, x-ray or routine laboratory tests but, was usually made using bron ... | 1990 | 2228531 |
| systemic dissemination of pneumocystis carinii in a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. | pneumocystis carinii is usually considered a respiratory tract pathogen; however, there are reported cases of limited and generalized dissemination of the organism from the lungs of immunocompromised patients. we present the autopsy findings of a 29-year-old male with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) and recurrent pneumocystis carinii pneumonia who developed abnormal liver function tests. the patient had received aerosolized pentamidine because of toxic reactions to other modes of thera ... | 1990 | 2228716 |
| thyroiditis as the presenting manifestation of disseminated extrapulmonary pneumocystis carinii infection. | a 38-yr-old male with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome developed neck pain in association with mild hyperthyroidism and a diffusely enlarged thyroid gland. radioactive iodine scanning was consistent with thyroiditis, and biopsy of the thyroid demonstrated the presence of pneumocystis carinii in thyroid tissue. treatment with pentamidine followed by trimethoprim sulfamethoxazole led to rapid normalization of thyroid size in association with the development of hypothyroidism. this case illustrat ... | 1990 | 2229322 |
| glucocorticoid therapy for severe pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. | the majority of patients with aids and pneumocystis carinii pneumonia respond to treatment with either high-dose cotrimoxazole or iv pentamidine. glucocorticoids have been given as 'adjuvant' therapy in those patients who fail to respond to cotrimoxazole or pentamidine. this article discusses the role of glucocorticoids therapy in the treatment of severe pneumocystis carinii pneumonia and reviews the evidence for their efficacy. | 1990 | 2230171 |
| the use of corticosteroids in pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. | 1990 | 2230267 | |
| mechlorethamine, vincristine, and procarbazine chemotherapy for recurrent high-grade glioma in adults: a phase ii study. | we undertook a phase ii study of combination chemotherapy with mechlorethamine (nitrogen mustard) 6 mg/m2 intravenously day 1 and day 8, vincristine 2 mg intravenously day 1 and day 8, and procarbazine 100 mg/m2 orally days 1 through 14 (mop) in adults with recurrent high-grade glioma. there were 31 patients entered and 27 patients assessable for response. the median age was 49 years old. all patients had prior maximal radiotherapy, and eight had previous chemotherapy. responses were determined ... | 1990 | 2230893 |
| histopathological changes in simian immunodeficiency virus infection. | the histological lesions were studied in seven rhesus and three cynomolgus monkeys infected with simian immunodeficiency virus for periods ranging from nine weeks to 18 months. lymphoreticular changes included hyperplasia, follicular involution and depletion, and one animal had amyloidosis of the spleen. hyperplastic changes also took place in mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue and infiltrations occurred in the vaginal mucosa of one animal, which could be significant in sexual transmission of the ... | 1990 | 2231195 |
| testicular carcinoma in patients positive and at risk for human immunodeficiency virus. | patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome are at increased risk for certain malignancies. because acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and testicular cancer affect primarily young men, the potential complications that acquired immunodeficiency syndrome might impose raise significant concern. to address this question we performed a retrospective review of all cases of testicular cancer during an 11-year period. of 140 patients 6 had human immunodeficiency virus infection and 7 were from ... | 1990 | 2231890 |
| a novel diagnostic method of pneumocystis carinii. in situ hybridization of ribosomal ribonucleic acid with biotinylated oligonucleotide probes. | the reactivity and specificity of the in situ hybridization of ribosomal rna in the diagnosis of pneumocystis carinii were investigated. three complementary oligonucleotide probes, 22 and 25 nucleotides long, corresponding to the species specific regions of 5s and 18s ribosomal rna of pneumocystis carinii were synthesized and labeled with biotinylated dupt at the 3' termini. in situ hybridization was performed on formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded human lung tissues using the mixture of these prob ... | 1990 | 2232708 |
| disseminated histoplasmosis in the acquired immune deficiency syndrome: clinical findings, diagnosis and treatment, and review of the literature. | histoplasmosis is a serious opportunistic infection in patients with aids, often representing the first manifestation of the syndrome. most infections occurring within the endemic region are caused by exogenous exposure, while those occurring in nonendemic areas may represent endogenous reactivation of latent foci of infection or exogenous exposure to microfoci located within those nonendemic regions. however, prospective investigations are needed to prove the mode of acquisition. the infection ... | 1990 | 2233233 |
| extrapulmonary pneumocystosis: clinical features in human immunodeficiency virus infection. | pneumocystis carinii infection is reported with increasing frequency as a cause of disease outside of the respiratory tract in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection. extrapulmonary pneumocystosis is not limited to patients in any discrete risk group for hiv infection. patients with hiv infection who develop extrapulmonary pneumocystosis frequently do not have concurrent p. carinii pneumonia. signs and symptoms of extrapulmonary pneumocystosis are nonspecific but when present ... | 1990 | 2233234 |
| corticosteroids as adjunctive therapy for severe pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. | preliminary reports suggest that patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) and pneumocystis carinii pneumonia may benefit from the addition of corticosteroid treatment to antibiotic therapy. | 1990 | 2233916 |
| a controlled trial of early adjunctive treatment with corticosteroids for pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. california collaborative treatment group. | pneumocystis carinii pneumonia remains a common cause of serious morbidity and mortality in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids). the extensive lung injury that accompanies pneumocystis-associated respiratory failure and the reports of clinical benefit from the use of adjunctive corticosteroids provided the rationale for this prospective multicenter trial. | 1990 | 2233917 |
| oral histoplasmosis as a presenting disease in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. | a 43-year-old homosexual man visited his dentist with painful, nodular, ulcerated lesions on the soft palate, right buccal mucosa, and right posterior maxillary gingiva. serologic studies for exposure to human immunodeficiency virus, performed before biopsy, were positive. biopsy of the maxillary gingiva demonstrated sheets of histiocytes containing small intracellular yeasts, which on culture were identified as histoplasma capsulatum. bilateral leukoplakic lesions with some vertical furrowing i ... | 1990 | 2234884 |
| survival of aids patients in norway. | the survival function of the 100 first aids patients in norway is presented and analyzed with respect to four factors obtained at the time of diagnosis; a) year of diagnosis b) initial aids related disease c) knowledge of hiv seropositivity prior to onset of aids and d) age at time of diagnosis. the median survival was 9.3 months. among the known seropositive aids patients there were almost twice as many with pneumocystis carinii pneumonia as initial aids related disease, as among the not known ... | 1990 | 2237333 |
| pneumocystis carinii pneumonia manifested as a hilar mass and cavitary lesion: an atypical presentation in a patient receiving aerosolized pentamidine prophylaxis. | a case of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (pcp) in a patient with aids was manifested radiographically as a hilar mass and cavitary lesion. the patient had been receiving aerosolized pentamidine as prophylaxis against pcp. nonuniform deposition of aerosolized pentamidine was probably responsible for this atypical radiographic appearance of pcp. | 1990 | 2237561 |
| [an atypical radiologic finding in a case of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia]. | 1990 | 2237646 | |
| aids and tuberculosis. | the diagnostic and therapeutic implications of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection and tuberculosis in south africa, where tuberculosis remains a major health problem, are reviewed. mycobacterium tuberculosis is a high-grade pathogen and is able to establish infection early in immunodeficiency. with hiv infection showing significant entry into the heterosexual population in the rsa, an increasing number of cases with both infections can be expected to occur. the radiological appearance ... | 1990 | 2237687 |
| pulmonary disease in aids patients. | pulmonary disease remains a major complication of the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv). over the past decade several changes in the pattern of disease have occurred. pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (pcp) remains the most common opportunistic pathogen in aids patients, though its incidence on bronchoscopy has declined and empiric therapy often occurs without a specific diagnosis. changes in the management of patients with pcp have included different dosages and routes of administration for chemo ... | 1990 | 2240021 |
| biodistribution, tissue reaction, and lung retention of pentamidine aerosolized as three different salts. | aerosolized pentamidine isoethionate is retained in the lung and appears to prevent pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (pcp) in many aids patients. we evaluated alternative formulations of pentamidine that might reduce the airway irritation associated with aerosolized pentamidine isoethionate. specifically, we assessed the biodistribution, histologic response, and lung retention of the isoethionate, gluconate, and lactate salts of pentamidine after aerosol administration to mice. for each of the thr ... | 1990 | 2240839 |
| atypical presentations of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in patients receiving inhaled pentamidine prophylaxis. | inhaled pentamidine is used commonly to prevent pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (pcp) in patients with advanced human immunodeficiency virus infection. case reports indicate that pcp can recur in patients who receive inhaled pentamidine and that clinical features may be atypical. to determine the magnitude of this problem, we reviewed retrospectively the medical records of patients with proven pcp during a 30-month period at two hospitals. four (31 percent) of 13 patients with previous pcp who re ... | 1990 | 2245676 |
| pathologic dependence of oxygen consumption on oxygen delivery in acute respiratory failure secondary to aids-related pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. | oxygen consumption is pathologically dependent on oxygen delivery in ards and sepsis. we asked whether oxygen consumption is dependent on oxygen delivery in severe acute respiratory failure secondary to aids-related pcp. in five patients who had aids-related pcp, diffuse bilateral pulmonary infiltrates, no evidence of bacterial infection, and acute respiratory failure requiring mechanical ventilation with arterial oxygen tensions less than 75 mm hg while breathing at least 50 percent oxygen, and ... | 1990 | 2245689 |
| granulomatous pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in a patient with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. | a patient with an unusual granulomatous response to infection with pneumocystis carinii is described. the diagnosis was made by open lung biopsy after two negative bronchoalveolar lavages. | 1990 | 2247869 |
| atypical presentation of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. | pneumocystis carinii is a common cause of pneumonia in the immunosuppressed patient. its radiological findings are usually homogeneous, diffuse and bilateral. we present a 27-year-old woman with non-hodgkin's lymphoma presenting with unilateral right lung parenchymal infiltrates due to pneumocystis carinii. in the immunosuppressed host, pneumonia limited to one lung should not preclude the diagnostic possibility of pneumocystis carinii infection. | 1990 | 2249932 |
| [acute respiratory insufficiency in pneumonia caused by pneumocystis carinii with normal thoracic radiography]. | 1990 | 2250554 | |
| [pulmonary toxoplasmosis in aids. report of 3 cases]. | pulmonary toxoplasmosis in aids is rare. its frequency is estimated to be between 0.2 and 3.7% but is probably underestimated; however, it is lower than that of neurotoxoplasmosis and is rarely identified prior to autopsy. we describe herein 3 cases diagnosed in living patients. the clinical presentation is usually severe interstitial pneumonitis, occurring in profoundly immunodeficient patients. toxoplasma gondii, the infectious agent, must always be sought in the bronchoalveolar lavage of such ... | 1990 | 2256591 |
| pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. | 1990 | 2257411 | |
| prevention of infections in neutropenic patients with pefloxacin. | bacterial infections remain a major source of morbidity and mortality in neutropenic patients. therefore, optimal methods of prevention seem mandatory and various means have been tested, in particular specific modalities such as chemoprophylaxis, which remains controversial. overall, non-absorbable antibiotics have been disappointing and are less commonly used because of the poor compliance of most patients. co-trimoxazole has been shown to be effective under certain circumstances but the emerge ... | 1990 | 2258354 |
| pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in young children with aids. | we present our experience with 54 episodes of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in 50 young children with aids, all but one representing congenitally acquired infection. findings at history and physical examination are not helpful in suggesting the diagnosis. the diagnosis is suggested by marked hypoxemia, diffuse disease on chest radiograph, and elevated serum ldh level. because important aspects of the history may be withheld, a high index of suspicion may be necessary for the correct diagnosis. ... | 1990 | 2259558 |
| prevention of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia relapse by aerosolised pentamidine, 60 mg biweekly, using an acorn system 22 nebuliser. | the effectiveness of biweekly administration of 60 mg aerosolised pentamidine (ap) as secondary prophylaxis against relapse of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (pcp) was investigated in 45 male aids patients. the nebuliser used was an acorn system 22. in total the patients received ap for a mean period of 13.8 months (3.4-28.8). six episodes of recurrent pcp were recorded. relapse per full year of treatment on ap was 12%. | 1990 | 2259861 |
| pneumocystis carinii pneumonia treated with eflornithine in aids patients resistant to conventional therapy. | eflornithine (dfmo) was used to treat 31 aids patients with confirmed pneumocystis carinii pneumonia who had clinically failed treatment with pentamidine, sulphamethoxazole-trimethoprim or both agents as their first-line therapy. twenty-one of 31 (68%) responded to second-line treatment with 400mg/kg per day of eflornithine. five patients discontinued treatment because of bone marrow toxicity. eflornithine appears to be a useful salvage therapy in patients failing first-line treatments. | 1990 | 2261116 |
| extrapulmonary pneumocystosis: the first 50 cases. | over the last 35 years, 50 cases of extrapulmonary infection with pneumocystis carinii have been reported in the literature throughout the world. use of prophylactic aerosolized pentamidine may have facilitated the relative prevalence of extrapulmonary disease because of its inadequate systemic distribution. an increase in reported cases of infections due to p. carinii has been seen in conjunction with aids, but extrapulmonary pneumocystosis represents less than 1% of all cases of infection with ... | 1990 | 2267488 |
| pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in danish piglets. | 1990 | 2267715 | |
| [respiratory manifestations of hiv infections in children]. | respiratory disorders during the course of infections in children who are hiv positive are frequent. these are interstitial pneumonia (ip) and bacterial pneumonia. the acute ip are most often infectious in particular opportunist infection, and are dominated by pneumocystis carinii (pc, 82 to 86% of the infectious agents isolated). this is often a presenting feature of an hiv infection and the radiological picture is very variable and the diagnosis rests on bronchoalveolar lavage which is readily ... | 1990 | 2270339 |
| [survival of hiv-positive patients hospitalized in intensive care for respiratory insufficiency and pneumocystis carinii pneumonia]. | respiratory failure secondary to pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (pcp) is associated with high mortality in aids patients. in a search for prognostic indicators, we reviewed hospital charts of 13 aids patients admitted to our intensive care service from 1982 to 1989. mortality rate was higher from 1982 to 1987 (4/5 patients) than later (3/8 patients). there was no significant difference between survivors and non survivors of this acute episode with regard to sex. hiv risk factors, time elapsed si ... | 1990 | 2270446 |
| pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. | pneumocystis carinii (pcp) pneumonia is the most common pulmonary infection associated with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids). patients at risk for pcp have defects in t lymphocyte function and include cancer and transplant patients who are on immune suppressing agents and corticosteroids. in west virginia, pcp accounted for 53 percent of pulmonary infections in 144 cases of aids from 1984 to may 1990. nationally, at least 100,000 cases of pcp are projected for the early part of this ... | 1990 | 2270682 |
| diagnosis of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia from non-invasive sampling of respiratory secretions. | an infant infected with hiv presented with fever, tachypnoea, hypoxia, and radiological evidence of bilateral pneumonitis. fluorescent antibody technique identified pneumocystis carinii within 24 hours from secretions obtained by nasopharyngeal aspiration. this rapid, non-invasive method should be the first line investigation of suspected p carinii pneumonia in immunocompromised patients. | 1990 | 2270945 |
| a sequential ultrastructural study of rat lungs infected with pneumocystis carinii to investigate the appearances of the organism, its relationships and its effects on pneumocytes. | a sequential study of the lungs of rats infected with pneumocystis carinii is reported. the aim was to investigate variations in the appearance of the organism from the inception of infection until the death of the host and, during this period, the relationships of the organism with one another and changes occurring within pneumocytes. trophozoites predominated at all stages of infection and were those first recognized but no clear role for the filopodia was evident. organisms were related with ... | 1990 | 2278829 |
| mycobacterium kansasii infection limited to skin and lymph node in a patient with aids. | the case of a 36-year-old hiv-1-positive patient is presented. after an episode of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia and cytomegalovirus retinitis a pruritic lesion developed on the thigh with subsequent intracutaneous abscess formation and regional lymph-node enlargement. mycobacterium kansasii was demonstrated in lymph-node and abscess material. with a tuberculostatic triple-drug regimen the lesions resolved completely. cutaneous involvement in the course of non-tuberculous mycobacteriosis in the ... | 1990 | 2279345 |
| [aerosol-pentamidine for pneumocystis carinii pneumonia: development and 4-year personal experiences]. | 1990 | 2281076 | |
| human immunodeficiency virus infection in singapore--the first 50 cases. | as at 31 may 1990, fifty singaporeans with the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection had been detected. of these, nineteen had the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids). the majority of infected persons had been infected through sexual contact (homosexual 52%; bisexual 24%; heterosexual 20%) with men and women from countries where hiv infection was prevalent. the majority of infected patients (88%) were in the age range 20-39 years. there was one case of blood transfusion-associated a ... | 1990 | 2281356 |