Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| growth and yield of winter wheat (triticum aestivum l.) and corn (zea mays l.) near a high voltage transmission line. | the objective of this study was to determine the effects of an electromagnetic field from a high voltage transmission line on the yield of agricultural crops cultivated underneath and near the transmission line. for 5 years, experiments with winter wheat and corn were carried out near the 380 kv transmission line dürnrohr (austria)-slavetice (czech republic). different field strengths were tested by planting the crops at different distances from the transmission line. the plants were grown in ex ... | 2003 | 12524675 |
| segregation analysis of heading traits in hexaploid wheat utilizing recombinant inbred lines. | the purpose of this study was to analyze the genetic segregation of heading traits in wheat using recombinant inbred lines (rils) of hexaploid wheat, derived from triticum aestivum cv. chinese spring and t. spelta var. duhameliamum. the population was examined under controlled environmental conditions as well as in the field. this strategy differentiated the effect of three genetic factors (vernalization requirement, photoperiod sensitivity and narrow-sense earliness) and identified their intera ... | 2003 | 12522426 |
| physiological and biochemical responses of two cultivars of wheat to elevated levels of co2 and so2, singly and in combination. | in view of the present increasing trends of anthropogenic emissions of carbon dioxide (co2) and sulphur dioxide (so2) throughout the world, the present study was aimed at investigating the long-term influence of elevated concentrations of co2 and so2, singly and in combination on the physiological and biochemical characteristics of two cultivars of wheat (triticum aestivum l. cv. malviya 234 and hp1209). for this purpose, the plants were grown in open top chambers under field conditions and were ... | 2003 | 12521107 |
| wheat proteomics: relationship between fine chromosome deletion and protein expression. | to explore the relationship between fine chromosome deletion and protein expression in common wheat, the changes in protein composition of wheat seed proteome were investigated by using chromosome 1b. a momosomic alien chromosome addition line of common wheat was used to produce the fine deletion lines. endosperm and embryo proteins were separated by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-de) and visualized by staining with commassie brilliant blue, and gel images were analyzed with a computer a ... | 2003 | 12627384 |
| a 2-oxoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase is integrated in dimboa-biosynthesis. | benzoxazinoids are secondary metabolites of grasses that function as natural pesticides. while many steps of dimboa biosynthesis have been elucidated, the mechanism of the introduction of och(3)-group at the c-7 position was unknown. inhibitor experiments in triticum aestivum and zea mays suggest that a 2-oxoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase catalyses the hydroxylation reaction at c-7. cloning and reverse genetics analysis have identified the bx6 gene that encodes this enzyme. bx6 is located in th ... | 2003 | 12620350 |
| antioxidant properties of bran extracts from "akron" wheat grown at different locations. | bran extracts of akron wheat grown at four nonirrigated and one irrigated testing locations were examined and compared for their free radical scavenging properties against the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical (dpph(*)) and the radical cation abts(*)(+), chelating capacities, and total phenolic content (tpc) to determine the potential effects of environmental factors on the antioxidant properties of hard winter wheat. the environmental factors included total solar radiation, average daily so ... | 2003 | 12617585 |
| qtl analysis for grain protein content using ssr markers and validation studies using nils in bread wheat. | qtl interval mapping for grain protein content (gpc) in bread wheat was conducted for the first time, using a framework map based on a mapping population, which was available in the form of 100 recombinant inbred lines (rils). the data on gpc for qtl mapping was recorded by growing the rils in five different environments representing three wheat growing locations from northern india; one of these locations was repeated for 3 years. distribution of gpc values followed normal distributions in all ... | 2003 | 12595995 |
| structural studies of glutenin subunits 1dy10 and 1dy12 by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionisation mass spectrometry and high-performance liquid chromatography/electrospray ionisation mass spectrometry. | structural studies of the high molecular weight (hmw) glutenin subunits 1dy10 and 1dy12 of bread wheat were conducted using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionisation time-of-flight mass spectrometry (maldi-tofms) and reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography/electrospray ionisation mass spectrometry (rp-hplc/esi-ms). for both proteins, maldi-tofms analysis showed that the isolated fractions contained a second component with a mass about 500-540 da lower than the major component. th ... | 2003 | 12590393 |
| the wheat d-genome hmw-glutenin locus: bac sequencing, gene distribution, and retrotransposon clusters. | a bacterial-artificial-chromosome (bac) clone from the genome of triticum tauschii, the d-genome ancestor of hexaploid bread wheat, was sequenced and the presence of the two paralogous x- and y-type high-molecular-weight (hmw) glutenin genes of the glu-d1 locus was confirmed. these two genes occur in the same orientation, are 51,893 bp apart, and the separating dna includes a 31,000-bp cluster of retrotransposons. a second retrotransposon cluster of 32,000 bp follows the x-type hmw-glutenin gene ... | 2003 | 12590343 |
| expression of cytosolic and plastid acetyl-coenzyme a carboxylase genes in young wheat plants. | expression of cytosolic and plastid acetyl-coenzyme a carboxylase (accase) gene families at the mrna level was analyzed in developing wheat (triticum aestivum) plants. the major plastid accase mrna level is high in the middle part of the plant and low in roots and leaf blades. an alternative plastid accase transcript initiated at a different promoter and using an alternative 5' splice site for the first intron accumulates to its highest level in roots. cytosolic accase mrna also consists of two ... | 2003 | 12586900 |
| fructan 1-exohydrolases. beta-(2,1)-trimmers during graminan biosynthesis in stems of wheat? purification, characterization, mass mapping, and cloning of two fructan 1-exohydrolase isoforms. | graminan-type fructans are temporarily stored in wheat (triticum aestivum) stems. two phases can be distinguished: a phase of fructan biosynthesis (green stems) followed by a breakdown phase (stems turning yellow). so far, no plant fructan exohydrolase enzymes have been cloned from a monocotyledonous species. here, we report on the cloning, purification, and characterization of two fructan 1-exohydrolase cdnas (1-feh w1 and w2) from winter wheat stems. similar to dicot plant 1-fehs, they are der ... | 2003 | 12586886 |
| zinc efficiency is correlated with enhanced expression and activity of zinc-requiring enzymes in wheat. | zinc (zn) is an essential micronutrient for plants. the ability of plants to maintain significant yields under low zn is termed zn efficiency (ze) and its genetic and mechanistic basis is still not well understood. previously, we showed that root zn uptake did not play a role in ze. in the current study, zn-efficient and -inefficient wheat (triticum aestivum) genotypes were grown for 13 d in chelate buffer nutrient solutions at low (0.1 pm), sufficient (150 pm), and high (1 microm) zn(2+) activi ... | 2003 | 12586883 |
| an x-ray micro-tomography system optimised for the low-dose study of living organisms. | an x-ray micro-tomography system has been designed that is dedicated to the low-dose imaging of radiation sensitive living organisms and has been used to image the early development of the first few days of plant development immediately after germination. the system is based on third-generation x-ray micro-tomography system and consists of an x-ray tube, two-dimensional x-ray detector and a mechanical sample manipulation stage. the x-ray source is a 50kvp x-ray tube with a silver target with a f ... | 2003 | 12573316 |
| intracellular feruloylation of arabinoxylan in wheat: evidence for feruloyl-glucose as precursor. | incorporation of [(3)h]arabinose and [(14)c]ferulic acid into soluble and polymeric fractions from suspension-cultured wheat (triticum aestivum l.) cells and the corresponding extracellular medium was studied. the major part of these products was identified as arabinoxylan and two proteins of 40 and 100 kda. the time course suggests an intracellular synthesis of feruloylated arabinoxylan with feruloyl-glucose as substrate. in contrast, synthesis of feruloylated proteins appears to occur with fer ... | 2003 | 12569404 |
| synthesis and quantitative structure-activity relationships of oxanilates as chemical hybridizing agents for wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | chemical hybridizing agents (chas) can facilitate two-line breeding in heterosis programs of crops. twenty-seven oxanilates having different aromatic substitutions were synthesized and screened as chas on two genotypes of wheat, pbw 343 and hd 2733, during two rabi (winter) seasons, 2000-01 and 2001-02. the oxanilates prepared by thermal condensation of anilines with diethyl oxalate or by acylation with ethoxycarbonyl methanoyl chloride were sprayed at 1000 and 1500 ppm at the premeiotic stage o ... | 2003 | 12568561 |
| microtubules regulate activity of cell wall lectins in cells of triticum aestivum l plants during cold hardening. | 2003 | 12681336 | |
| reorganization of the microtubule and actin cytoskeleton in root cells of triticum aestivum l during low temperature and abscisic acid treatments. | 2003 | 12681311 | |
| proteome analysis of diploid, tetraploid and hexaploid wheat: towards understanding genome interaction in protein expression. | hexaploid wheat (triticum aestivum l.) is derived from a complex hybridization procedure involving three diploid species carrying the a, b and d genomes. the proteome patterns of diploid, tetraploid and hexaploid wheat were analyzed to explore the genome interaction in protein expression. at least two species from each of the diploid and tetraploid were used to compare their proteome maps with a hexaploid wheat cv. chinese spring. the ancestral cultivars were selected based on their history of c ... | 2003 | 12687621 |
| abiotic stresses affecting water balance induce phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase expression in roots of wheat seedlings. | phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (pepc, ec 4.1.1.31) plays an important role in co(2) fixation in c4 and cam plants. in c3 plants, pepc is widely expressed in most organs; however, its function is not yet clearly established. with the aim of providing clues on the function of pepc in c3 plants, we have analyzed its pattern of expression in wheat ( triticum aestivum l.) seedlings. roots showed almost double the level of pepc activity of shoots. further analysis of pepc expression in roots by in si ... | 2003 | 12687366 |
| photosynthetic characteristics and enzymatic antioxidant capacity of flag leaf and the grain yield in two cultivars of triticum aestivum (l.) exposed to warmer growth conditions. | using late sowing practice, the reproductive growth (anthesis and kernel filling) phase of two wheat cultivars, hd 1553 and hd 2307 was exposed to warmer growth conditions, and the effect on grain yield was examined. the grain weight declined in late-sown plants of both cultivars, but the number of grains per spike decreased drastically in hd 1553 plants. in this cultivar exposure to warmer temperature during reproductive phase led to 67% fewer grains per spike. examination of photosynthetic and ... | 2003 | 12685048 |
| characterization of a knock-out mutation at the gc2 locus in wheat. | gametocidal (gc) genes, introduced into common wheat from related aegilops species, are selfish genetic elements that ensure their preferential transmission by inducing chromosomal breaks. here we report the production and characterization of a knock-out mutation of the gc2 gene transferred to wheat as a wheat-aegilops sharonensis t4b-4s(sh)#1 translocation chromosome. in hemizygous gc2/- condition, gametophytes lacking gc2 suffer chromosomal fragmentation and produce non-functional gametes, whi ... | 2003 | 12684822 |
| high-resolution spatial analysis of stomatal ozone uptake in arable crops and pastures. | ozone effects on plants depend on atmospheric transport and stomatal uptake. thus, ozone-risk assessments should use measured ozone concentrations and account for the influence of atmospheric conditions and soil moisture on stomatal and nonstomatal ozone deposition. this requires disaggregated data for the physical input parameters and species-specific data for specific stomatal conductance (g(s)). in this study, an approach was developed based on a resistance analogue transport model. this mode ... | 2003 | 12676231 |
| detection of fusarium head blight resistance qtl in a wheat population using bulked segregant analysis. | a population of 218 recombinant inbred lines (rils) was developed from the cross of two wheat (triticum aestivum l.) cultivars, 'ning 894037' and 'alondra'. ning 894037 has resistance to fusarium head blight (fhb) and alondra is moderately susceptible. response of the rils and their parental lines to fhb infection was evaluated with point inoculation in four experiments both in greenhouse and in field conditions. distribution of disease severity in the population is continuous, indicating quanti ... | 2003 | 12671752 |
| dynamic viscoelastic and tensile properties of gluten and glutenin gels of common wheats of different strength. | dynamic viscoelastic properties at 25 degrees c of gluten and glutenin gels were obtained from canadian common wheats of different strengths. the relaxation spectra showed a maximum intensity at a characteristic relaxation time (tau). the relaxation modulus associated with this maximum was taken as the strength of the glutenin or gluten gel transient network (g(tau)). the ratio of g(tau) for glutenin and gluten gels from the same cultivar ranged from 5.6 for an extra strong cultivar to 51.1 for ... | 2003 | 12670176 |
| crystallization and preliminary x-ray diffraction study of a wheat (triticum aestivum l.) taxi-type endoxylanase inhibitor. | a taxi-type endoxylanase inhibitor from t. aestivum l. wheat flour has been crystallized using the hanging-drop vapour-diffusion method. the needle-like crystals belong to the orthorhombic space group p2(1)2(1)2(1), with unit-cell parameters a = 49.92, b = 66.45, c = 106.42 a. from these crystals, a native data set and a gold-derivative data set were collected to 2.25 and 1.75 a resolution, respectively. the heavy-atom derivative of this crystal form was obtained by the soaking method and allowe ... | 2003 | 12657799 |
| postharvest resistance in hard spring and winter wheat varieties of the northern great plains to the lesser grain borer (coleoptera: bostrichidae). | wheat (triticum aestivum l.) varietal resistance to the lesser grain borer, rhyzopertha dominica (f), was evaluated in hard spring and winter wheat produced 1997, 1998 (bozeman, montana). we tested the hypothesis that six montana-grown spring wheat varieties, 'ernest', 'scholar', 'hi-line', 'mcneal', 'newana', and 'amidon', were equally and strongly resistant to r. dominica at low moisture contents (9-10%). mortality/feeding damage occurred in all varieties. in most assays, ernest had significan ... | 2003 | 12650366 |
| using weather indices to predict survival of winter wheat in a cool temperate environment. | seven years of winter survival data for winter wheat ( triticum aestivum l.) were collected on a loam soil located on the central experimental farm at ottawa, ontario (45 degrees 23'n, 75 degrees 43'w). the site was low-lying and subject to frequent winter flooding and ice-sheet formation. two cultivars, a soft white and a hard red winter wheat, were planted in september. crop establishment was measured in late fall and the percentage survival was measured in april of the following year. meteoro ... | 2003 | 12647092 |
| structural organization of the group-1 chromosomes of two bread wheat sister lines. | eureka and renan are two french bread wheat cultivars derived from a 4-way cross. using molecular markers (essentially rflps), we studied the structure of the group-1 chromosomes of these two genotypes, their parents and a doubled-haploid (dh) population derived from their f(1). using the dh population (102 lines), a molecular map of the three homoeologous group-1 chromosomes was produced and compared with the map established on another intervarietal cross: courtot x chinese spring (cadalen et a ... | 2003 | 12647070 |
| plasma membrane h+-atpase is involved in auxin-mediated cell elongation during wheat embryo development. | previous investigations suggested that specific auxin spatial distribution due to auxin movements to particular embryonic regions was important for normal embryonic pattern formation. to gain information on the molecular mechanism(s) by which auxin acts to direct pattern formation in specific embryonic regions, the role of a plasma membrane (pm) atpase was evaluated as downstream target of auxin in the present study. western-blot analysis revealed that the pm h(+)-atpase expression level was sig ... | 2003 | 12644680 |
| correlated clustering and virtual display of gene expression patterns in the wheat life cycle by large-scale statistical analyses of expressed sequence tags. | compared to rice, wheat exhibits characteristic growth habits and contains complex genome constituents. to assess global changes in gene expression patterns in the wheat life cycle, we conducted large-scale analysis of expressed sequence tags (ests) in common wheat. ten wheat tissues were used to construct cdna libraries: crown and root from 14-day-old seedlings; spikelet from early and late flowering stages; spike at the booting stage, heading date and flowering date; pistil at the heading date ... | 2003 | 12631325 |
| chromosomal location of a triticum dicoccoides-derived powdery mildew resistance gene in common wheat by using microsatellite markers. | the powdery mildew resistance has been transferred from an israeli wild emmer (triticum dicoccoides) accession "g-305-m" into common wheat by crossing and backcrossing (g-305-m/781//jing 411*3). genetic analysis showed that the resistance was controlled by a single dominant gene at the seedling stage. among the 102 pairs of ssr primers tested, four polymorphic microsatellite markers (xpsp3029, xpsp3071, xpsp3152 and xgwm570) from the long arm of chromosome 6a were mapped in a bc(2)f(3) populatio ... | 2003 | 12582861 |
| identification of chromosome arms influencing expression of the hmw glutenins in wheat. | the high-molecular-weight (hmw) glutenin genes, located on the group 1l chromosome arms, are a major determinant for baking quality in wheat ( triticum aestivum l.). in addition, the hmw glutenin genes provide a valuable model system for studying the evolution and regulation of orthologous and paralogous genes in polyploid species. the goal of this study was to identify loci that modify the expression of the hmw glutenins, and to map them to specific chromosome arms. comparisons were made betwee ... | 2003 | 12582846 |
| construction and characterization of a bacterial artificial chromosome (bac) library of hexaploid wheat (triticum aestivum l.) and validation of genome coverage using locus-specific primers. | a bac library of hexaploid wheat was constructed using the spring wheat cultivar triticum aestivum l. 'glenlea'. fresh shoot tissue from 7- to 10-day-old seedlings was used to obtain hmw dna. the library was constructed using the hindiii site of pindigobac-5 and the bamhi site of pindigobac-5 and pecbac1. a total of 12 ligations were used to construct the entire library, which contains over 650 000 clones. ninety-six percent of the clones had inserts. the insert size ranged from 5 to 189 kb with ... | 2003 | 14608404 |
| targeted molecular mapping of a major wheat qtl for fusarium head blight resistance using wheat ests and synteny with rice. | a major qtl for resistance to fusarium head blight (fhb) in wheat, qfhs.ndsu-3bs, has been identified and verified by several research groups. the objective of this study was to increase the marker density in this qtl region using sts (sequence-tagged site) markers developed from wheat expressed sequence tags (ests) near qfhs.ndsu-3bs. because wheat chromosome 3bs and rice chromosome 1s are syntenous, the sequences of p1-derived artificial chromosome (pac) and (or) bacterial artificial chromosom ... | 2003 | 14608398 |
| multiplex pcr identification of wheat hmw glutenin subunit genes by allele-specific markers. | wheat bread-making quality is closely correlated with composition and quantity of gluten proteins, in particular with high-molecular weight (hmw) glutenin subunits encoded by the glu-1 genes. a multiplex polymerase chain reaction (pcr) method was developed to identify the allele composition of hmw glutenin complex glu-1 loci (glu-a1, glu-b1 and glu-d1) in common wheat genotypes. the study of multiplex pcr to obtain a well-balanced set of amplicons involved examination of various combinations of ... | 2003 | 14617825 |
| the ph2 pairing homoeologous locus of wheat (triticum aestivum): identification of candidate meiotic genes using a comparative genetics approach. | colinearity in gene content and order between rice and closely related grass species has emerged as a powerful tool for gene identification. using a comparative genetics approach, we have identified the rice genomic region syntenous to the region deleted in the wheat chromosome pairing mutant ph2a, with a view to identifying genes at the ph2 locus that control meiotic processes. utilising markers known to reside within the region deleted in ph2a, and data from wheat, barley and rice genetic maps ... | 2003 | 14617076 |
| fixed precision sequential sampling plans for the greenbug and bird cherry-oat aphid (homoptera: aphididae) in winter wheat. | the numbers of greenbugs, schizaphis graminum (rondani), and bird cherry-oat aphids, rhopalosiphum padi l., per wheat tiller (stem) were estimated in 189 production winter wheat (triticum aestivum l.) fields located throughout oklahoma. taylor's power law regressions were calculated from these data and used to construct fixed precision sequential sampling schemes for each species. an evaluation data set was constructed from 240 samples taken during three growing seasons from winter wheat fields ... | 2003 | 14650535 |
| origin, dispersal and genomic structure of a low-copy-number hypervariable rflp clone in triticum and aegilops species. | the genome of common wheat has evolved through allopolyploidization of three ancestral diploid genomes. a previously identified restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) marker, ptag546, has the unique feature of showing hypervariability among closely related common wheat cultivars. to understand the origin and the mode of dispersal of this hypervariable sequence in the wheat genome, the distribution and structure of the homologous sequences were studied using ancestral diploid species, te ... | 2003 | 14532708 |
| type-h thioredoxins accumulate in the nucleus of developing wheat seed tissues suffering oxidative stress. | thioredoxin h (trx h) proteins are ubiquitous in all wheat organs, but show the highest accumulation in mature seeds. this distribution suggests the expression of trx h during seed development. in the present study, we have analyzed the pattern of trx h expression in developing wheat ( triticum aestivum l.) seeds. northern blot analysis detected a single band at any stage of development, which corresponded to the expression of at least two genes, trxha and trxhb, as shown by competitive reverse ... | 2003 | 14520565 |
| exclusion of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase from chloroplasts by specific bodies in naturally senescing leaves of wheat. | immunocytochemical electron-microscopic observation indicated that ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (rubisco, ec 4.1.1.39) and/or its degradation products are localized in small spherical bodies having a diameter of 0.4-1.2 micro m in naturally senescing leaves of wheat (triticum aestivum l.). these rubisco-containing bodies (rcbs) were found in the cytoplasm and in the vacuole. rcbs contained another stromal protein, chloroplastic glutamine synthetase, but not thylakoid proteins. ... | 2003 | 14519773 |
| [genealogical approach to the formation of the winter wheat core collection]. | the correctness of the genealogical approach to the estimation of genetic diversity has been substantiated. the approach implies a comparison of the estimates of similarity based on genetic markers and coefficients of parentage. a method of the application of the genealogical approach to the formation of the core collection has been developed. the adequacy of the core set has been estimated using shannon's diversity index adapted for genetic profiles and the correlation between the distributions ... | 2003 | 14515466 |
| [the effect of rye chromosomes on callus induction and regeneration in callus cultures of immature embryos of wheat-rye substitution lines, triticum aestivum l. cultivar saratovskaia 29/secale cereale l. cultivar onokhoiskaia]. | the effect of individual rye chromosomes on the induction of callus and the character of its regenerating capacity was studied with cultured immature embryos of wheat-rye (triticum aestivum l. cv. saratovskaya 29-secale cereale l. cv. onokhoiskaya) substitution lines. the genotypic diversity of the substitution lines proved to significantly affect variation of parameters characterizing the major types of callus cultures, that is, frequencies of embryogenic calli, which are capable of shoot regen ... | 2003 | 14515464 |
| development of triticum aestivum-leymus racemosus translocation lines using gametocidal chromosomes. | specific chromosomes of certain aegilops species introduced into wheat genome background may often facilitate chromosome breakage and refusion, and finally result in a variety of chromosome restructuring. such a phenomenon is commonly called gametocidal effect of the chromosomes. the chromosome 2c of ae. cylindrica is one of such chromosomes. in the present study, scab resistant wheat-l. racemosus addition lines involving chromosomes lr.2 and lr.7 were crossed to wheat-ae. cylindrica disomic add ... | 2003 | 19448992 |
| transferable est-ssr markers for the study of polymorphism and genetic diversity in bread wheat. | nearly 900 ssrs (simple sequence repeats) were identified among 15,000 ests (expressed sequence tags) belonging to bread wheat ( triticum aestivuml.). the ssrs were defined by their minimum length, which ranged from 14 to 21 bp. the maximum length ranged from 24 to 87 bp depending upon the length of the repeat unit itself (1-7 bp). the average density of ssrs was one ssr per 9.2 kb of est sequence screened. the trinucleotide repeats were the most abundant ssrs detected. as a representative sampl ... | 2003 | 14508680 |
| activation parameters of the blue shift (shibata shift) subsequent to protochlorophyllide phototransformation. | the shibata shift was analyzed in flash irradiated wheat (triticum aestivum, l., cult. mv17) leaf homogenates in the pressure range of 0.1 to 500 mpa, at temperatures of 20, 30 and 40 degrees c. the kinetics of the blue shift (called shibata shift in case of intact leaves) was followed by repeated recording of fluorescence emission spectra after phototransformation. at 20 degrees c, above 100 mpa, the blue shift slowed down remarkably. two components of the blue shift could be distinguished, one ... | 2003 | 14499597 |
| hmw and lmw glutenin alleles among putative tetraploid and hexaploid european spelt wheat (triticum spelta l.) progenitors. | the allelic compositions of high- and low-molecular-weight subunits of glutenins (hmw-gs and lmw-gs) among european spelt ( triticum spelta l.) and related hexaploid and tetraploid triticum species were investigated by one- and two-dimensional polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis (page) and capillary electrophoresis (ce). a total of seven novel glutenin alleles (designated a1a*, b1d*, b1g*, b1f*, b1j*, d1a* at glu-1 and a3h at the glu-3 loci, respectively) in european spelt wheat were detected by ... | 2003 | 13679994 |
| fatty acid biosynthesis in mitochondria of grasses: malonyl-coenzyme a is generated by a mitochondrial-localized acetyl-coenzyme a carboxylase. | we present biochemical evidence for the occurrence of a 250-kd multifunctional acetyl-coenzyme a carboxylase in barley (hordeum vulgare) mitochondria. organelles from 6-d-old barley seedlings were purified by differential centrifugation and percoll density gradient centrifugation. upon analysis by two-dimensional blue-native (bn)/sds-page, an abundant 250-kd protein can be visualized, which runs at 500 kd on the native gel dimension. a similar 500-kd complex is present in etioplasts from barley. ... | 2003 | 12972648 |
| identification of plant sterols in hexaploid and tetraploid wheats using gas chromatography with mass spectrometry. | free sterols from hexaploid and tetraploid free-threshing wheats (triticum aestivum l. and t. durum desf.) and from their respective hulled wheats (t. spelta l. and t. dicoccon schrank) were analysed by gas chromatography with mass spectrometry. the qualitative analysis of sterols showed a similar pattern either between hexaploid (t. aestivum, t. spelta) and tetraploid (t. durum, t. dicoccon) wheats or between free-threshing (t. aestivum, t. durum) and hulled (t. spelta, t. dicoccon) wheats. how ... | 2003 | 14558121 |
| cloning, characterization and regulation of a family of phi class glutathione transferases from wheat. | six phi (f) class glutathione transferases (gsts) were cloned from bread wheat (triticum aestivum l.) treated with the herbicide safener fenchlorazole ethyl and named tagstf1-6. recombinant tagstfs were assayed for glutathione conjugating activity towards xenobiotics including herbicides and for glutathione peroxidase (gpox) activity. tagstf1, which resembled zmgstf1, the dominant gst in maize (zea mays), was highly active in conjugating 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenezene (cdnb) but had low activities ... | 2003 | 12956529 |
| [epigenetic variability induced by nicotinic acid in triticum aestivum l]. | the effect of nicotinic acid (na) on hereditary traits of spring common wheat cultivar kazakhstanskaya 126 (k.126) were studied under the laboratory and field conditions. treatment of seeds and vegetating plants with 0.01-0.1% na (aqueous solution) induced heritable epigenetic changes in wheat. as a result, strong tall plants with the long productive spike, large seeds, and several quantitative and qualitative characters other than in the original cultivar were obtained in the second and further ... | 2003 | 14582391 |
| chemically-enhanced phytoextraction of cadmium-contaminated soils using wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | 2003 | 14567594 | |
| rearrangement of the genes for the biosynthesis of benzoxazinones in the evolution of triticeae species. | gramineous plants, including the major agricultural crops wheat (triticum aestivum l.), rye (secale cereale l.) and maize (zea mays l.), accumulate benzoxazinones (bxs) as defensive compounds. previously, we isolated cdnas of the bx biosynthetic genes in wheat, tabx2- tabx5, that encode the enzymes catalyzing the sequential hydroxylation of indole to bxs. in this study we isolated a cdna of tabx1, which encodes the first enzyme of the bx pathway of wheat. the level of identity (80%) in deduced a ... | 2003 | 12734755 |
| capillary electrophoresis separation of high molecular weight glutenin subunits in bread wheat (triticum aestivum l.) and related species with phosphate-based buffers. | this study focused on optimizing phosphate-based buffers and other capillary electrophoresis (ce) parameters for separating and characterizing high molecular weight glutenin subunits (hmw-gs) in bread wheat (triticum aestivum l., aabbdd, 2n = 6x = 42), emmer (triticum dicoccum, aabb, 2n = 4x = 28) and aegilops tauschii (dd, 2n = 2x = 14). the fast and high-resolution separation of hmw-gs was achieved using 0.1 m phosphate-glycine buffer (ph 2.5, containing 20% acetonitrile and 0.05% hydroxypropy ... | 2003 | 12731030 |
| [the effect of genotypes of parental rye lines on the development of quantitative traits in primary octoploid triticale: spike fertility]. | the number of seeds and seed setting in the main spike were studied in primary octoploid triticale obtained from crosses between the common wheat cultivar chinese spring and 66 inbred rye lines. in some rye lines, the mutations of self-fertility were identified in the s, z, or t incompatibility loci. the number of seeds was determined under controlled self-pollination of the main spike. in the set of triticale examined, each trait exhibited high variation. hence, the rye lines were suggested to ... | 2003 | 12722637 |
| spring wheat leaf appearance and temperature: extending the paradigm? | extensive research shows temperature to be the primary environmental factor controlling the phyllochron, or rate of leaf appearance, of wheat (triticum aestivum l.). experimental results suggest that soil temperature at crown depth, rather than air temperature above the canopy, would better predict wheat leaf appearance rates. to test this hypothesis, leaf appearance in spring wheat ('nordic') was measured in a 2-year field experiment (nunn clay loam soil; fine, smectitic, mesic aridic, argiusto ... | 2003 | 12714367 |
| identification of snps and development of allele-specific pcr markers for gamma-gliadin alleles in triticum aestivum. | the coding regions of 28 entries of hexaploid wheat gamma-gliadin genes, gene fragments or pseudogenes in genbank were used for nucleotide alignment. these sequences could be divided into nine subgroups based on nucleotide variation. the chromosomal locations of five of the seven unassigned subgroups were identified through subgroup-specific polymerase chain reactions (pcr) using chinese spring group-1 nulli-tetrasomic lines. multiple single nucleotide polymorphisms (snps) and small insertions/d ... | 2003 | 12712246 |
| molecular and biochemical characterization of cytosolic phosphoglucomutase in wheat endosperm (triticum aestivum l. cv. axona). | evidence from a number of plant tissues suggests that phosphoglucomutase (pgm) is present in both the cytosol and the plastid. the cytosolic and plastidic isoforms of pgm have been partially purified from wheat endosperm (triticum aestivum l. cv. axona). both isoforms required glucose 1,6-bisphosphate for their activity with k(a) values of 4.5 micro m and 3.8 micro m for cytosolic and plastidic isoforms, respectively, and followed normal michaelis-menten kinetics with glucose 1-phosphate as the ... | 2003 | 12709481 |
| genetic analysis, molecular tagging and mapping of the thermo-sensitive genic male-sterile gene (wtms1) in wheat. | a thermo-sensitive genic male-sterile (tgms) wheat line ( triticum aestivum l.) bny-s was obtained from the spontaneous mutant of bny-f. its fertility was decided by the temperature during the differentiation stage of the spikelets. bny-s was completely sterile when the temperature was lower than 10 degrees c during the differentiation stage of the spikelets, but fertile when the temperature was higher than 10 degrees c. genetic analysis indicated that the sterility of bny-s was controlled by a ... | 2003 | 12928780 |
| [studies on application of apage in male sterile wheat with alloplamic cytoplasm]. | four male sterile wheat with aeglops kotschyi, ae. variabilis, ae. ventricosa and ae. bicornis cytoplasm, were crossed with some wheat materials, and from the crosses a series of maintenance lines were selected. the apage(acid polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis) analysis indicated that most maintenance lines possessed the gliadin marker gld1b3 of 1bl/1rs translocation chromosome. the root tip chromosomes of this maintenance lines had two satellite chromosomes, but other maintenance lines without ... | 2003 | 12924162 |
| [effects of combined pollution of heavy metals on root vitality of wheat seeds]. | the combined effects of cu, cd, pb and zn on the growth and activity of the seminal roots of wheat (triticum aestivum) were studied by the method of quadratic regression revolution design. the mathematical models describing the above relations were established. as for the toxicity to the root vitality, their single effects, marginal utility and combined effects between two heavy metals were analyzed. the results showed that pb had the most important effect on the activity of root, and then, cu, ... | 2003 | 12920906 |
| thylakoid-bound ascorbate peroxidase mutant exhibits impaired electron transport and photosynthetic activity. | in chloroplasts, stromal and thylakoid-bound ascorbate peroxidases (tapx) play a major role in the removal of h(2)o(2) produced during photosynthesis. here, we report that hexaploid wheat (triticum aestivum) expresses three homeologous tapx genes (taapx-6a, taapx-6b, and taapx-6d) mapping on group-6 chromosomes. the tapx activity of a mutant line lacking taapx-6b was 40% lower than that of the wild type. when grown at high-light intensity photosystem ii electron transfer, photosynthetic activity ... | 2003 | 12913166 |
| quantitative trait loci and molecular markers associated with wheat allelopathy. | wheat ( triticum aestivum l.) has been examined for allelopathic potential against annual ryegrass ( lolium rigidum). the bioassay technique, 'equal-compartment-agar-method', was employed to evaluate seedling allelopathy in a doubled-haploid (dh) population derived from cv sunco (weakly allelopathic) and cv tasman (strongly allelopathic). a significant difference in allelopathic activity was found among the dh lines, which inhibited the root length of ryegrass across a range from 23.7 to 88.3%. ... | 2003 | 12904863 |
| pesticide adsorptivity of aged particulate matter arising from crop residue burns. | particulates (ashes) arising from the burning of crop residues are potentially effective adsorbents for pesticides in agricultural soils. to determine the long-term adsorptive sustainability of ashes, a wheat (triticum aestivum l.) ash was aged under environmentally relevant conditions (in cacl(2) solution at room temperature and ph 7) in soil extract for 1 month and in a soil (1% ash) for a period of up to 12 months. the aged ash and ash-amended soil were used to sorb diuron from water. the diu ... | 2003 | 12903968 |
| an integrative genetic linkage map of winter wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | we constructed a genetic linkage map based on a cross between two swiss winter wheat ( triticum aestivum l.) varieties, arina and forno. two-hundred and forty f(5) single-seed descent (ssd)-derived lines were analysed with 112 restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) anonymous probes, 18 wheat cdna clones coding for putative stress or defence-related proteins and 179 simple-sequence repeat (ssr) primer-pairs. the 309 markers revealed 396 segregating loci. linkage analysis defined 27 linka ... | 2003 | 12898031 |
| [rapd-based analysis of introgression of barley genetic material into the genome of alloplasmic wheat lines (hordeum geniculatum all./ triticum aestivum l.)]. | genomes of three alloplasmic wheat lines obtained on the basis of barley--wheat hybrid horderum geniculatum all. (2n = 28) x triticum aestivum l. (2n = 42)(pyrotrix 28) were examined using random amplified polymorphic dna (rapd) analysis. line l-29 was obtained after first backcross of the initial hybrid with the wheat variety pyrotrix 28 and ten subsequent self-pollinating generations. this line was represented by euploid plants with typical to the common wheat chromosome number (2n = 42), as w ... | 2003 | 12884518 |
| is microtubule disassembly a trigger for cold acclimation? | cold acclimation was followed in three cultivars of winter wheat (triticum aestivum l.) that differ in freezing tolerance, using root growth as the indicator. during acclimation (followed through 7 d at 4 degrees c), growth rate progressively recovered. the recovery was fast in the tolerant, slow in the sensitive cultivars. the development of freezing tolerance was followed by a challenging cold shock administered after various time intervals of acclimation. acclimation proceeded faster in the t ... | 2003 | 12881495 |
| time and cell cycle dependent formation of heterogeneous tubulin arrays induced by colchicine in triticum aestivum root meristem. | we have investigated the appearance and reorganization of tubulin-containing arrays induced by colchicine in the root meristem of wheat triticum aestivum, using immunostaining and electron microscopy. colchicine caused depolymerization of microtubules and formation of tubulin cortical strands composed of filamentous material only in c-mitotic cells. after prolonged exposure to the drug, both interphase and c-mitotic cells acquired needle-type bundles, arranged as different crystalloids and/or ma ... | 2003 | 12867155 |
| unraveling thioredoxin-linked metabolic processes of cereal starchy endosperm using proteomics. | application of a thiol-specific probe, monobromobimane, with proteomics and enzyme assays led to the identification of 23 thioredoxin targets in the starchy endosperm of mature wheat seeds (triticum aestivum cv. butte), almost all containing at least two conserved cysteines. the identified targets, 12 not known to be thioredoxin-linked, function in a spectrum of processes: metabolism (12 targets), protein storage (three), oxidative stress (three), protein degradation (two), protein assembly/fold ... | 2003 | 12860404 |
| an isoleucine residue within the carboxyl-transferase domain of multidomain acetyl-coenzyme a carboxylase is a major determinant of sensitivity to aryloxyphenoxypropionate but not to cyclohexanedione inhibitors. | a 3,300-bp dna fragment encoding the carboxyl-transferase domain of the multidomain, chloroplastic acetyl-coenzyme a carboxylase (accase) was sequenced in aryloxyphenoxypropionate (app)-resistant and -sensitive alopecurus myosuroides (huds.). no resistant plant contained an ile-1,781-leu substitution, previously shown to confer resistance to apps and cyclohexanediones (chds). instead, an ile-2,041-asn substitution was found in resistant plants. phylogenetic analysis of the sequences revealed tha ... | 2003 | 12857850 |
| calmodulin is involved in heat shock signal transduction in wheat. | the involvement of calcium and calcium-activated calmodulin (ca(2+)-cam) in heat shock (hs) signal transduction in wheat (triticum aestivum) was investigated. using fluo-3/acetoxymethyl esters and laser scanning confocal microscopy, it was found that the increase of intracellular free calcium ion concentration started within 1 min after a 37 degrees c hs. the levels of cam mrna and protein increased during hs at 37 degrees c in the presence of ca(2+). the expression of hsp26 and hsp70 genes was ... | 2003 | 12857801 |
| allopolyploidy alters gene expression in the highly stable hexaploid wheat. | hexaploid wheat (triticum aestivum) contains triplicated genomes derived from three distinct species. to better understand how different genomes are coordinated in the same nucleus of the hexaploid wheat, we globally compared gene expression of a synthetic hexaploid wheat with its diploid (aegilops tauschii) and tetraploid (t. turgidum) parents by cdna-aflp display. the results suggested that the expression of a significant fraction of genes was altered in the synthetic hexaploid; most appeared ... | 2003 | 12856945 |
| dhplc scoring of a snp between promoter sequences of hmw glutenin x-type alleles at the glu-d1 locus in wheat. | the promoter regions of hmw glutenin x-type genes at the glu-d1 locus were surveyed for snps within a subpopulation of german bread wheat cultivars. on the basis of the promoter sequences of hmw glutenin subunit genes glu-a1-x1, glu-a1-x2, glu-b1-x1, glu-b1-x7, glu-d1-x2, and glu-d1-x5, an amplification refractory mutation system assay was designed to selectively amplify dx-specific pcr fragments. comparative sequence analysis among seven glu-d1-x2 and seven glu-d1-x5 wheat cultivars only confir ... | 2003 | 12848495 |
| asymmetric somatic hybridization between wheat (triticum aestivum l.) and agropyron elongatum (host) nevishi. | suspension-derived protoplasts of agropyron elongatum irradiated by ultra-violet light (uv) were fused with the suspension-derived protoplasts of triticum astivum using peg. fertile intergeneric somatic hybrid plants were produced and various hybrid lines have been selected and propagated in successive generations. their hybrid nature was confirmed by analysis of profiles of isozymes, rapds, and 5s rdna spacer sequences, and via gish analysis. by the procedure described, the phenotype and chromo ... | 2003 | 12845444 |
| accumulation of hydroxycinnamic acid amides in winter wheat under snow. | it was found that the content of antifungal compounds p-coumaroylagmatine [1-(trans-4'-hydroxycinnamoylamino)-4-guanidinobutane] and p-coumaroyl-3-hydroxyagmatine [1-(trans-4'-hydroxycinnamoylamino)-3-hydroxy-4-guanidinobutane] in the crown of winter wheat (triticum aestivum l. cv chihokukomugi) significantly increased under snow cover. this finding suggests that the accumulation of these hydroxycinnamic acid amides was caused by winter stress and related to protecting the plant against snow mol ... | 2003 | 12843649 |
| genetics of growth habit (spring vs winter) in common wheat: confirmation of the existence of dominant gene vrn4. | the number of dominant vrn genes in common wheat, triticum aestivum l., is estimated. data were obtained supporting pugsley's and gotoh's data on the presence of a dominant gene vrn4 in near-isogenic line 'triple dirk f'. the presence of a dominant gene vrn4 in line 'gabo-2' of cultivar 'gabo', which was used by pugsley as a donor of the gene vrn4 for the near-isogenic line 'triple dirk f', was also confirmed. the vrn2 and vrn4 relationship and their chromosomal location are discussed. it was de ... | 2003 | 12838388 |
| [effects of co2 enrichment, nitrogen and water on photosynthesis, evapotranspiration and water use efficiency of spring wheat]. | spring wheat (triticum aestivum l.) was treated with 2 atmospheric co2 concentrations (350 and 700 mumol.mol-1), 2 levels of soil moisture (wet and drought), and 5 levels of nitrogen fertilizer (0, 50, 100, 150, 200 mg.kg-1 soil). the results showed that elevated atmospheric co2 increased photosynthetic rate more in drought than in wet treatment. photosynthetic rate increased with the increase of nitrogen fertilizer. stomatal conductance decreased with co2 enrichment, which was more in drought t ... | 2003 | 12836547 |
| effect of zearalenone treatment on the production of wheat haploids via the maize pollination system. | the ability of zearalenone (zen) to stimulate the growth of haploid wheat embryos formed following the pollination of wheat spikes with maize pollen was tested. the maize pollination system was used as a model to compare the activity of zen with that of auxin analogues. three solutions, each with a different concentration of zen (6.0, 3.0 or 1.5 microm), and a solution of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (control) were tested for their effect on ovary swelling, frequency of embryo formation and th ... | 2003 | 12835995 |
| [effects of amino acid-n and ammonium-n on wheat seedlings under sterile culture]. | the dry weight, total n, and glutamate-oxaloacetate transaminase(got) and glutamate-pyruvate transaminase (gpt) activities in roots and leaves of wheat seedlings (triticum aestivum) grown with ammonium sulfate or amino acids (glycine, glutamate or lysine) were studied under sterile sand culture. the results showed that both nh4(+)-n and amino acid-n could be absorbed by wheat. the total n of plant fed with nh4(+)-n was similar to that fed with amino acid-n. the dry weight of plants grown 30 days ... | 2003 | 12827867 |
| tissue-specific expression and localization of safener-induced glutathione s-transferase proteins in triticum tauschii. | glutathione s-transferase (gst; ec 2.5.1.18) gene expression was examined in the coleoptile and new leaf tissue of etiolated shoots of the diploid wheat species triticum tauschii (coss.) schmal., which is considered to be a progenitor and the d-genome donor to cultivated, hexaploid bread wheat triticum aestivum l. gst expression (mrna, protein, and enzyme activity with a herbicide substrate) in these shoot tissues was examined in response to herbicide safener treatment. two different antibody pr ... | 2003 | 12827355 |
| glyphosate applied preharvest induces shikimic acid accumulation in hard red spring wheat (triticum aestivum). | glyphosate is a nonselective herbicide used as a harvest aid in a variety of crops. glyphosate is absorbed into the foliage and translocated to metabolically active regions in the plant where it interferes with the shikimic acid pathway. experiments were conducted to determine the accumulation and distribution of shikimic acid in wheat treated with glyphosate at soft and hard dough stages of kernel development and to determine the fate of shikimic acid during milling and bread making. elevated l ... | 2003 | 12822937 |
| [differential expression of genes related to photoperiod-temperature sensitive genic male sterility in wheat, revealed by mrna differential display using g-box family primer]. | mrna differential display with g-box family primer was used to analyze the differential expression of genes of the photoperiod-temperature sensitive genic male sterile(ptsgms) line of wheat, bau3338, between the sterile and fertile conditions. the result indicated that gene expression was significantly different between the two types of condition during the fertility transformation phase. the twelve qualitatively different dna bands were identified with reverse northern blot hybridization and fi ... | 2003 | 12812077 |
| [development and application of a genome specific pcr marker for haynaldia villosa]. | random amplified polymorphic dna (rapd) analysis was performed on common wheat chinese spring, h. villosa, addition lines of h. villosa chromosome in cs, substitution line 3v of h. villosa chromosome in triticum aestivum. a genome specific polymorphic dna segment from h. villosa, opf02757, was obtained. on the basis of cloning and sequencing of opf02757, two pcr primers were designed and a genome specific pcr marker for h. villosa was established. the pcr marker including 677 bp was localized on ... | 2003 | 12812061 |
| map-based cloning of leaf rust resistance gene lr21 from the large and polyploid genome of bread wheat. | we report the map-based cloning of the leaf rust resistance gene lr21, previously mapped to a gene-rich region at the distal end of chromosome arm 1ds of bread wheat (triticum aestivum l.). molecular cloning of lr21 was facilitated by diploid/polyploid shuttle mapping strategy. cloning of lr21 was confirmed by genetic transformation and by a stably inherited resistance phenotype in transgenic plants. lr21 spans 4318 bp and encodes a 1080-amino-acid protein containing a conserved nucleotide-bindi ... | 2003 | 12807786 |
| vernalization-induced flowering in wheat is mediated by a lectin-like gene ver2. | a vernalization-related gene ver2 was isolated from winter wheat ( triticum aestivum l.) using a differential screening approach. the deduced ver2 is a lectin-like protein of 300 amino acids, which contains the presence of a jacalin-like gwg domain. rna in situ hybridization results demonstrated that ver2 gene expression is restricted to the marginal meristems of immature leaves in vernalized wheat seedlings. no hybridization signal was detected in the epidermal tissue and vascular bundles. howe ... | 2003 | 12783334 |
| localization of sucrose synthase in wheat roots: increased in situ activity of sucrose synthase correlates with cell wall thickening by cellulose deposition under hypoxia. | sucrose synthase (susy; ec 2.4.1.13) plays a prominent role in o(2) deficiency and functions at a branch point, partitioning sucrose between cell wall biosynthesis and glycolysis. the cleavage of sucrose by susy was localized in wheat ( triticum aestivum l. cv. alcedo) roots subjected to 4 days of hypoxia. increased susy activity was observed by in situ activity staining in the tip region and in the stele of root axes. the pattern of cellulose deposition correlated with regions of high susy acti ... | 2003 | 12783333 |
| cloning and characterization of two full-length cdnas, taga1 and taga2, encoding g-protein alpha subunits expressed differentially in wheat genome. | in the present study, we identified and characterized two cdnas, named taga1 and taga2, encoding alpha subunits of heterotrimeric g proteins synthesized from one-week-old seedling mrnas of common wheat cv. s615 using race pcr and rt-pcr methods. the clone taga1 contained an open reading frame that encoded a protein consisting of 383 amino acid residues with a molecular mass of 51.3 kda, whereas the clone taga2 contained an open reading frame encoding 390 amino acids with a molecular mass of 52.5 ... | 2003 | 12773813 |
| environmentally-induced changes in protein composition in developing grains of wheat are related to changes in total protein content. | nitrogen (n) nutrition, post-anthesis temperature and drought-induced changes in the kinetics of accumulation of dry mass, total grain n and protein fractions (albumins-globulins, amphiphils, gliadins, and glutenins) contents were examined for winter wheat (triticum aestivum l.). crops were grown in controlled environment tunnels in 1994 and 1998. in 1994, five post-anthesis temperatures averaging from 15-25 degrees c were applied during grain-filling. in 1998 two post-anthesis temperatures aver ... | 2003 | 12773520 |
| salicylic acid changes the properties of extracellular peroxidase activity secreted from wounded wheat (triticum aestivum l.) roots. | wheat ( triticum aestivum l.) roots released proteins showing peroxidase activity in the apoplastic solution in response to wound stress. preincubation of excised roots with 1 mm salicylic acid at ph 7.0 enhanced the guaiacol peroxidase activity of the extracellular solution (so-called extracellular peroxidase). the soluble enzymes were partially purified by precipitation with ammonium sulfate followed by size exclusion and ion exchange chromatography. despite an increase in the total activity o ... | 2003 | 12768343 |
| evaluation of cytological effects of zn2+ in relation to germination and root growth of nigella sativa l. and triticum aestivum l. | the effects of different treatments with zinc sulfate (zn(2+)) on the cytology and growth of nigella sativa and triticum aestivum were investigated. five concentrations of zinc sulfate ranging from 5 to 25mg/l were applied for 6, 12, 18, and 24h. the treatments reduced the germination percentages of n. sativa seeds and t. aestivum grains and inhibited the root growth of both plants. concentrations higher than 25mg/l of zn(2+) applied for 24h were toxic for both plants. the non-lethal concentrati ... | 2003 | 12742505 |
| [rapd marker analysis of continuous divergent selection in cross-bred population of wheat (triticum aestivum l.)]. | a base population was established through multi-parent random crossing by using taigu dominant male-sterile wheat, and then five cycles of 2-way selection for four quantitative characters were conducted. the dynamic changes of genetic structures in the open-pollinated wheat population were examined by rapd technique. seven primers in rapd analysis amplified 116 sites. the results of gene frequencies and phenotypic bands showed abundant genetic variations existed in the population. the percentage ... | 2003 | 15639875 |
| examination of spectral pretreatments for partial least-squares calibrations for chemical and physical properties of wheat. | use of near-infrared (nir) diffuse reflectance on ground wheat meal for prediction of protein content is a well-accepted practice. although protein content has a strong bearing on the suitability of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) for processed foods, wheat quality, as largely influenced by the configuration and conformation of the monomeric and polymeric endosperm storage proteins, is also of great importance to the food industry. the measurement of quality by nir, however, has been much less succ ... | 2003 | 14686774 |
| [construction of expression vector with bg2 gene and its transformation in wheat]. | beta-1,3-glucanase(bg2) is one of the pathogensis-related-proteins(pr). study of these proteins and their related genes is one of the hot points in plant genetic engineering of disease resistance for a long time. in this research, specific primers were designed with the enzyme cleavage site of spe i in its forward one and not i site in the backward according to the bg2 gene sequence. using this pair of primers, bg2 gene, which was contained in the plasmid of prtl2, was amplified and confirmed by ... | 2003 | 14682239 |
| phosphorylated non-phosphorylating glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase from heterotrophic cells of wheat interacts with 14-3-3 proteins. | glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenases catalyze key steps in energy and reducing power partitioning in cells of higher plants. phosphorylated non-phosphorylating glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (gapn) present in heterotrophic cells of wheat (triticum aestivum) was activated up to 3-fold by mgcl2. the effect was not observed with the non-phosphorylated enzyme found in leaves. the divalent cation also affected the response of the enzyme from endosperm and shoots to adenine nucleotides ... | 2003 | 14681537 |
| [mechanisms of meiotic restitution and their genetic regulation in wheat-rye polyhaploids]. | meiosis has been studied in partially fertile wheat-rye f1 hybrids yielded by crosses triticum aestivum (saratovskaya 29 variety) x secale cereale l. (onokhoiskaya variety) (4x = 28). hybrid self-fertility proved to be caused by formation of restituted nuclei, which appear after equational segregation of univalent chromosome in ai and sister chromatid non-separation in aii of meiosis, as well as after ai blockage in three different ways. both types of meiotic restitution were found in each hybri ... | 2003 | 14714465 |
| [localization of genes, determining quantitative traits in wheat: amendment to the "catalog of chromosomal mapping of genes in domestic cultivars of wheat"]. | an amendment to the catalog of chromosome location of genes in russian wheat cultivars was constructed with the published data of the recent decade. the results of chromosomal localization were summarized and analyzed by methods of multivariate statistics. chromosomes critical for 40 quantitative traits under study proved to cluster according to their homeology, i.e., by homeological groups. the hypotheses providing an explanation for this finding are considered. it is suggested that quantitativ ... | 2003 | 14714461 |
| wap1, a wheat apetala1 homolog, plays a central role in the phase transition from vegetative to reproductive growth. | heading time in bread wheat (triticum aestivum l.) is determined by three characters: vernalization requirement, photoperiodic sensitivity and narrow-sense earliness, which are involved in the phase transition from vegetative to reproductive growth. we identified and characterized the apetala1 (ap1)-like mads box gene in wheat (wap1) as an activator of phase transition. its expression starts just before the phase transition and is maintained during the reproductive phase. inhibition of wap1 expr ... | 2003 | 14701921 |
| qualitative inheritance of water-stress induced apical sterility in wheat (triticum aestivum). | grain number per unit area is an effective component of grain yield in bread wheat. water-stress induced apical sterility (tip sterility) reduces the number of grains and, consequently, the grain yield in semi-arid regions with a shortage of available water during the pre-anthesis period. crosses between apical sterile and apical fertile varieties and selection lines were made and f1, bc1, and f2 populations were subjected to moderate water-stress to study the inheritance of this character. the ... | 2003 | 14641489 |
| inheritance and expression of stripe rust resistance in common wheat (triticum aestivum) transferred from aegilops tauschii and its utilization. | stripe rust is one of the most destructive diseases for wheat crops in china. two stripe rust physiological strains, i.e. cyr30 (intern. name: 175e191) and cyr31 (intern. name: 293e175) have been the dominant and epidemic physiological strains since 1994. one aegilops tauschii accession (sq-214) from cimmyt was found immune from or highly resistant to chinese new stripe rust races cyr30 and cyr31 at adult stage. sq-214 was crossed with a highly susceptible ae. tauschii accession as-80. analysis ... | 2003 | 14641473 |
| modeling grain nitrogen accumulation and protein composition to understand the sink/source regulations of nitrogen remobilization for wheat. | a functional explanation for the regulation of grain nitrogen (n) accumulation in cereal by environmental and genetic factors remains elusive. here, new mechanistic hypotheses of grain n accumulation are proposed and tested for wheat (triticum aestivum). first, we tested experimentally the hypothesis that grain n accumulation is mostly source regulated. four contrasting cultivars, in terms of their grain n concentrations and yield potentials, were grown with non-limiting n supply. grain number p ... | 2003 | 14630962 |
| [development and identification of a set of triticum aestivum-thinopyrum bessarabicum disomic alien addition lines]. | in order to transfer the genes for salt tolerance and disease resistance from thinopyrum bessarabicum into wheat, the hybrid progenies between t. aestivum cv. chinese spring and t. aestivum cv. chinese spring-amphiploid th. bessarabicum were screened. a set of t. aestivum-th. bessarabicum disomic addition lines was developed with the assistance of mitotic chromosome c-banding and genomic in situ hybridization (gish), as well as gish on meiotic m i chromosome preparations. the results indicated t ... | 2003 | 14669508 |