Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
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| antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of a cucumis melo lc. extract rich in superoxide dismutase activity. | the present study was conducted to evaluate in vitro and in vivo the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of a cantaloupe melon (cucumis melo lc., cucurbitaceae) extract (cme) selected for its high superoxide dismutase activity. peritoneal macrophages were pre-activated in vitro with 300 iu of interferon-gamma (ifn-gamma) and were then challenged in culture with iggl/anti-igg1 immune complexes (igg1ic) in presence of various cme extracts. the subsequent production of free radicals (super ... | 2004 | 15261965 |
| an efficient method for flow cytometric analysis of pollen and detection of 2n nuclei in brassica napus pollen. | a simple and reliable method was developed for isolating pollen nuclei from brassica napus and triticum aestivum for dna analysis using flow cytometry. the nuclei were released from pollen by ultrasonic treatment. the isolated nuclei following filtration through nylon mesh and a purification procedure were suitable for flow cytometric analysis as well as for isolating genomic dna. ultrasonic treatment time was optimized for b. napus pollen at different developmental stages. the method is effecti ... | 2004 | 15480680 |
| a novel laboratory screening bioassay for crop seedling allelopathy. | crops that control weeds by root exudation of allelochemicals are receiving increased attention, and there are efforts to breed allelopathic cultivars in several crops. the genetic improvement of allelopathic traits is based upon parental germ plasm with high allelopathic activity. identification of allelopathic germplasm is done in laboratory screening bioassays, but experimental protocols are limited. we developed a fast and reliable laboratory screening bioassay for grain crops that includes ... | 2004 | 15074665 |
| widespread paleopolyploidy in model plant species inferred from age distributions of duplicate genes. | it is often anticipated that many of today's diploid plant species are in fact paleopolyploids. given that an ancient large-scale duplication will result in an excess of relatively old duplicated genes with similar ages, we analyzed the timing of duplication of pairs of paralogous genes in 14 model plant species. using est contigs (unigenes), we identified pairs of paralogous genes in each species and used the level of synonymous nucleotide substitution to estimate the relative ages of gene dupl ... | 2004 | 15208399 |
| stress-induced expression in wheat of the arabidopsis thaliana dreb1a gene delays water stress symptoms under greenhouse conditions. | one of the major environmental factors limiting plant productivity is lack of water. this is especially true for the major cereals maize, rice, and wheat, which demonstrate a range of susceptibility to moisture deficit. although conventional breeding and marker-assisted selection are being used to develop varieties more tolerant to water stress, these methods are time and resource consuming and germplasm dependent. genetic engineering is attractive because of its potential to improve abiotic str ... | 2004 | 15190366 |
| transformation of fulvic substances in the rhizosphere during phytoremediation of used motor oil. | changes in the chemical composition of fulvic acids in used oil-contaminated soils treated with different plant species and fertilization (fertilized, f; and nonfertilized, nf) were analyzed by fourier-transformed infrared spectroscopy (ftir). soil contaminated with 1.5% (w/w) used motor oil was seeded with sunflower (helianthus annuus)/indian mustard (brassica juncea); soybean (glycine max)/green bean (phaseolus vulgaris); mixed grasses/maize (zea mays); mixed clover (red clover, trifolium prat ... | 2004 | 15478929 |
| phytoecdysteroids: a novel defense against plant-parasitic nematodes. | the phytoecdysteroid, 20-hydroxyecdysone (20e), is a major molting hormone of invertebrates, possibly including nematodes. as 20e is inducible in spinach, the defensive role against plant-parasitic nematodes was investigated. the effects of direct application on nematodes was assessed by treating cereal cyst nematode, heterodera avenae, juveniles with concentrations of 20e from 8.2 x 10(-8) to 5.2 x 10(-5) m before applying to triticum aestivum growing in sand. h. avenae, heterodera schachtii (s ... | 2004 | 15609826 |
| a high-density microsatellite consensus map for bread wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | a microsatellite consensus map was constructed by joining four independent genetic maps of bread wheat. three of the maps were f(1)-derived, doubled-haploid line populations and the fourth population was 'synthetic' x 'opata', an f(6)-derived, recombinant-inbred line population. microsatellite markers from different research groups including the wheat microsatellite consortium, gwm, gdm, cfa, cfd, and barc were used in the mapping. a sufficient number of common loci between genetic maps, ranging ... | 2004 | 15490101 |
| field evaluation of emmer wheat-derived synthetic hexaploid wheat for resistance to russian wheat aphid (homoptera: aphididae). | broadening the genetic base for resistance to russian wheat aphid, diuraphis noxia (mordvilko) (homoptera: aphididae), in bread wheat, triticum aestivum l., is desirable. to date, identified russian wheat aphid resistance genes are either located to the d chromosomes or to rye translocation of wheat, and resistance derived from the a or b genomes of tetraploid triticum spp. would therefore be highly beneficial. fifty-eight synthetic hexaploid wheat, derived from interspecific crosses of triticum ... | 2004 | 15279292 |
| adaptation of plants to altered shoot orientation relative to the gravity vector. | wheat triticum aestivum l., carrots daucus carota l., chinese cabbage brassica pekinensis rupr., and african marigold tagetes patula l. were grown at natural and inverted orientation in the earth gravitational field. light vector was set unidirectional or opposite directional relative to the gravity vector. shoot orientation relative to the gravity vector was set natural or invert. plants grew in the special pots furnished with plane or cylindrical hydrophilic porous membranes. the membrane allo ... | 2004 | 16240510 |
| [construction of immune lines with complex resistance to leaf rust and powdery mildew in common spring wheat cultivar saratovskaya 29]. | immune lines resistant both to leaf rust and to powdery mildew were constructed on the basis of common wheat cultivar saratovskaya 29. synthetic wheat triticum timopheevii/aegilops squarrosa (aaggdd, 2n = 42) of savov (bulgaria) was used as a source of resistance genes. using cytological analysis of bc2, we selected resistant plants (21") free from meiosis 1 (m1) defects. with these plants and continuous selection, bc8-bc9 immune lines were obtained. the lines were shown to carry new resistance ... | 2004 | 15272560 |
| field response of wheat to arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and drought stress. | mycorrhizal plants often have greater tolerance to drought than nonmycorrhizal plants. this study was conducted to determine the effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal (am) fungi inoculation on growth, grain yield and mineral acquisition of two winter wheat (triticum aestivum l.) cultivars grown in the field under well-watered and water-stressed conditions. wheat seeds were planted in furrows after treatment with or without the am fungi glomus mosseae or g. etunicatum. roots were sampled at four grow ... | 2004 | 12942358 |
| a genetic and structural analysis of the n-glycosylation capabilities. | the recent draft sequencing of the rice (oryza sativa) genome has enabled a genetic analysis of the glycosylation capabilities of an agroeconomically important group of plants, the monocotyledons. in this study, we have not only identified genes putatively encoding enzymes involved in n-glycosylation, but have examined by maldi-tof ms the structures of the n-glycans of rice and other monocotyledons (maize, wheat and dates; zea mays, triticum aestivum and phoenix dactylifera); these data show tha ... | 2004 | 15604706 |
| development and mapping of est-derived simple sequence repeat markers for hexaploid wheat. | expressed sequence tags (ests) are a valuable source of molecular markers. to enhance the resolution of an existing linkage map and to identify putative functional polymorphic gene loci in hexaploid wheat (triticum aestivum l.), over 260,000 ests from 5 different grass species were analyzed and 5418 ssr-containing sequences were identified. using sequence similarity analysis, 156 cross-species superclusters and 138 singletons were used to develop primer pairs, which were then tested on the genom ... | 2004 | 15499395 |
| quantitative analyses of relationships between ecotoxicological effects and combined pollution. | the responses of wheat triticum aestivum, rice oryza sativa, earthworms eisenia foetida, and prawns penaeus japonicus to combined acetochlor-cu, cd-zn were studied in hydroponic and soil-culturing systems using the methods of ecotoxicology. in particular, systematically quantitative analyses were documented by field experiments. results showed that ecotoxicological effects under the combined pollution were not only related to chemical properties of pollutants but also dependent on the concentrat ... | 2004 | 15493474 |
| evolution and function of the sucrose-phosphate synthase gene families in wheat and other grasses. | suc-phosphate synthase (sps) is a key regulatory enzyme in the pathway of suc biosynthesis and has been linked to quantitative trait loci controlling plant growth and yield. in dicotyledonous plants there are three sps gene families: a, b, and c. here we report the finding of five families of sps genes in wheat (triticum aestivum) and other monocotyledonous plants from the family poaceae (grasses). three of these form separate subfamilies within the previously described a, b, and c gene families ... | 2004 | 15247374 |
| est derived ssr markers for comparative mapping in wheat and rice. | structural and functional relationships between the genomes of hexaploid wheat ( triticum aestivum l.) (2n=6x=42) and rice (oryza sativa l.) (2n=2x=24) were evaluated using linkage maps supplemented with simple sequence repeat (ssr) loci obtained from publicly available expressed sequence tags (ests). est-ssr markers were developed using two main strategies to design primers for each gene: (1) primer design for multiple species based on supercluster analysis, and (2) species-specific primer desi ... | 2004 | 15197579 |
| development of pcr-based codominant markers flanking the alt3 gene in rye. | aluminum (al) toxicity is considered to be a major problem for crop growth and production on acid soils. the ability of crops to overcome al toxicity varies among crop species and cultivars. rye (secale cereale l.) is the most al-tolerant species among the triticeae. our previous study showed that al tolerance in a rye f6 recombinant inbred line (ril) population was controlled by a single gene designated as the aluminum tolerance (alt3) gene on chromosome 4rl. based on the dna sequence of a rice ... | 2004 | 15060575 |
| a new resource for cereal genomics: 22k barley genechip comes of age. | in recent years, access to complete genomic sequences, coupled with rapidly accumulating data related to rna and protein expression patterns, has made it possible to determine comprehensively how genes contribute to complex phenotypes. however, for major crop plants, publicly available, standard platforms for parallel expression analysis have been limited. we report the conception and design of the new publicly available, 22k barley1 genechip probe array, a model for plants without a fully seque ... | 2004 | 15020760 |
| comparative dna sequence analysis of mapped wheat ests reveals the complexity of genome relationships between rice and wheat. | the use of dna sequence-based comparative genomics for evolutionary studies and for transferring information from model species to related large-genome species has revolutionized molecular genetics and breeding strategies for improving those crops. comparative sequence analysis methods can be used to cross-reference genes between species maps, enhance the resolution of comparative maps, study patterns of gene evolution, identify conserved regions of the genomes, and facilitate interspecies gene ... | 2004 | 14740255 |
| effect of hypobaric conditions on ethylene evolution and growth of lettuce and wheat. | elevated levels of ethylene occur in enclosed crop production systems and in spaceflight environments, leading to adverse plant growth and sterility. there are engineering advantages in growing plants at hypobaric (reduced atmospheric pressure) conditions in biomass production for extraterrestrial base or spaceflight environments. objectives of this research were to characterize the influence of hypobaria on growth and ethylene evolution of lettuce (lactuca sativa) and wheat (triticum aestivum). ... | 2003 | 14658387 |
| enhanced pesticide sorption by soils containing particulate matter from crop residue burns. | lack of proper techniques to isolate black carbon (bc) from soils has hindered the understanding of their roles in the sorption and environmental fate of organic contaminants in soils and sediments. the burning of crop residues may be the primary source of bc in agricultural soils. in this study, wheat (triticum aestivum l.) and rice (oryza sativa l.) residues were burned, and the resulting particulate matter (ashes) along with a soil were used to sorb diuron from water. calculations indicated t ... | 2003 | 12953876 |
| isolation of a polygalacturonase-inhibiting protein (pgip) from wheat. | evidence for the presence of a polygalacturonase-inhibiting protein (pgip) from a monocotyledonous cereal is presented. a 40.3-kda pgip that was closely associated with the cell wall was acetone-extracted and purified from wheat (triticum aestivum l.) leaves and stems. wheat pgip exhibited a highly selective inhibitory activity against endopolygalacturonase (epg) from various fungi. of nine epg tested, wheat pgip only inhibited epg from cochliobolus sativus, a pathogen of the tribe poaceae. a sh ... | 2003 | 14601663 |
| advanced backcross qtl analysis for the identification of quantitative trait loci alleles from wild relatives of wheat ( triticum aestivum l.). | advanced backcross qtl (ab-qtl) analysis was used to identify quantitative trait loci (qtls) for yield and yield components in a bc(2)f(2) population derived from a cross between the german winter wheat variety 'prinz' and the synthetic wheat line w-7984 developed by cimmyt. two hundred and ten microsatellite markers were employed to genotype 72 pre-selected bc(2)f(2) plants and phenotypic data were collected for five agronomic traits from corresponding bc(2)f(3) families that were grown at four ... | 2003 | 12750781 |
| plant damage and yield response to the russian wheat aphid (homoptera: aphididae) on susceptible and resistant winter wheats in colorado. | plant damage and yield response to the russian wheat aphid, diuraphis noxia (mordvilko), were evaluated on a susceptible (tam 107) and a resistant (rwa e1) winter wheat, triticum aestivum l., in three colorado locations in the 1993 and 1994 crop years. russian wheat aphid was more abundant on tam 107 than on rwa e1. russian wheat aphid days per tiller were greater at the higher infestation levels. yield losses as a result of russian wheat aphid infestation occurred most of the time with tam 107 ... | 2003 | 14994801 |
| categories of resistance at four growth stages in three wheats resistant to the russian wheat aphid (homoptera: aphididae). | laboratory experiments were conducted to determine categories of resistance to russian wheat aphid, diuraphis noxia (mordvilko), in three wheats, triticum aestivum l, (pi 372129, pi 243781, and pi 222668) at zadoks growth stages 10, 20, 30, and 40. 'tam 107' was used as the susceptible standard. antixenosis was observed in pi 222668 and pi 372129. antibiosis was expressed as reduced nymphipositional period, daily nymph production, and fecundity at the jointing (zadoks 30) and boot (zadoks 40) st ... | 2003 | 12852604 |
| light activation of russian wheat aphid-elicited physiological responses in susceptible wheat. | the impact of light and its role in russian wheat aphid, diuraphis noxia (mordvilko), damage symptom formation, and photosynthetic capacity in 'arapahoe' wheat (triticum aestivum l.) were examined. after 72 h under continuous dark or continuous light regimes, the number of aphids (nymphs), leaf rolling and chlorosis ratings, fresh leaf weight, and chlorophyll contents were recorded. photosynthetic rates, chlorophyll a, kinetics and chlorophyll extractions also were determined. aphid infestation ... | 2003 | 12650362 |
| silica accumulation in triticum aestivum l. and dactylis glomerata l. | the silica accumulation in orchard grass (dactylis glomerata l.) and wheat (triticum aestivum l.) has been studied in plant samples grown under defined conditions in a pot trial. the plant habit and the quantity of biomineralised silica within the selected gramineae depend to a remarkable extent on the soil. the plants grew with different soil ph values and silica additives. by means of atomic absorption spectrometry, the silicon enrichment in different plant parts was determined. in dried plant ... | 2003 | 12698227 |
| uptake and metabolic fate of [14c]-2,4-dichlorophenol and [14c]-2,4-dichloroaniline in wheat (triticum aestivum) and soybean (glycine max). | the uptake and metabolism of [14c]-2,4-dichlorophenol (dcp) and [14c]-2,4-dichloroaniline (dca) were investigated in wheat and soybean. seeds were exposed to a nutrient solution containing 50 microm of one of two radiolabeled compounds, and plant organs were harvested separately after 18 days of growth. in wheat, uptake of [14c]-2,4-dcp was 16.67 +/- 2.65 and 15.50 +/- 2.60% of [14c]-2,4-dca. in soybean, uptake of [14c]-2,4-dcp was significantly higher than [14c]-2,4-dca uptake, 38.39 +/- 2.56 a ... | 2003 | 14705901 |
| using air pressure cells to evaluate the effect of soil environment on the transmission of soilborne viruses of wheat. | abstract an air pressure cell, a laboratory tool that precisely controls soil matric potential, was utilized in a novel approach to investigate the epidemiology and management of soilborne disease. matric potentials of -1, -5, -20, and -40 kpa were established in cores of field soil infested with wheat soilborne mosaic virus (wsbmv) and its presumed vector polymyxa graminis. equilibrated soil cores were planted to wheat (triticum aestivum), and after intervals of growth under controlled environm ... | 2003 | 18944097 |
| damage potential of grasshoppers (orthoptera: acrididae) on early growth stages of small-grains and canola under subarctic conditions. | we characterized the type and extent of grasshopper injury to above- and below-ground plant parts for four crops [barley (hordeum vulgare l.), oats (avena sativa l.), wheat (triticum aestivum l.), and canola (brassica campestris l.)] commonly grown, or with potential to grow, in central alaska. cages were placed on 48 pots containing plants in second to third leaf stages and stocked with 0, 2, 4, and 6 first-instar melanoplus sanguinipes f. pot(-1). plants were harvested 22 d after planting. ste ... | 2003 | 14503591 |
| asymmetric somatic hybridization between wheat (triticum aestivum) and avena sativa l. | protoplasts from cell suspensions ofyoung-embryo-derived calli, which were nonregenerable for long-term subculture and protoplasts from embryogenic calli with the regeneration capacity of 75% ofthe same wheat jinan 177, were mixed as recipient. protoplasts from embryogenic calli of avena sativa (with the regeneration capacity ofless than 10%) irradiated with uv at an intensity of 300 muw/cm(2) for 30 s, 1 min, 2 min, 3 min, 5 min were used as the donor. protoplasts ofthe recipient and the donor ... | 2003 | 18763139 |
| [effect of enhanced uv-b radiation on competition among several plant species]. | the effect of enhanced uv-b radiation (280-315 nm, approximating a 15% ozone layer reduction) on competitive interaction between spring wheat (triticum aestivum) and wild oat (avena fatua) was examined in the field. the density-dependent mortality of both wheat and wild oat did not exhibit a significant difference between control and uv-b treatments. a relatively high degree of competitive stress enhanced the effect of uv-b stress on biomass reduction. under uv-b enhancement, the relative compet ... | 2003 | 14655368 |
| contact activity of difenzoquat differs from that of paraquat. | difenzoquat herbicide is used for post-emergence control of wild oat (avena fatua l) in small grain crops. its mechanism of action is not known, but appears to have both paraquat-like contact activity and systemic growth-inhibition activity. experiments were conducted in vitro to compare the contact activity of difenzoquat and paraquat, to examine the contact activity of difenzoquat in difenzoquat-resistant (accession lcs) and -susceptible (accession sb 18) a fatua biotypes and -tolerant 'ernest ... | 2003 | 12916774 |
| mature green waste compost enhances growth and nitrogen uptake in wheat (triticum aestivum l.) and oilseed rape (brassica napus l.) through the action of water-extractable factors. | a series of field and pot trials were carried out to determine the effects of growing wheat and oilseed rape in soils supplemented with green waste composts and provided with additional fertilisers. it was shown consistently that the response of wheat and rape to compost and fertiliser applied together was greater than the responses to the individual additives, but only when very stable compost was used (>10 months processing). experiments with 15n-labelled fertiliser showed that wheat was able ... | 2003 | 12895554 |
| molecular and carbon isotopic composition of leaf wax in vegetation and aerosols in a northern prairie ecosystem. | we measured the molecular and carbon isotopic composition of major leaf wax compound classes in northern mixed mesic prairie species (agropyron smithii, stipa viridula, bouteloua gracilis, tragopogon dubius) and in selected crops (triticum aestivum, brassica napus, hordeum vulgare, medicago sativa) of southern alberta and also in aerosols collected 4 m above the prairie canopy. our aims were to better constrain the wax biosynthetic carbon isotopic fractionation relative to the plant's carbon iso ... | 2003 | 12647105 |
| comparison of cytokinin-binding proteins from wheat and oat grains. | cytokinin-binding proteins (cbps) isolated from mature grains of oat (avena sativa l.) and wheat (triticum aestivum l.) by acid precipitation, ion-exchange and affinity chromatography had similar characteristics, although they differed somewhat in apparent molecular weight of the native protein as determined by gel filtration (109 and 133 kda, respectively) and subunit size as estimated by sds-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (47 and 55 kda, respectively). highly purified oat cbp showed very w ... | 2003 | 12675735 |
| elemental sulfur effects on pb and zn uptake by indian mustard and winter wheat. | a pot experiment was conducted to investigate the influence of elemental sulfur to contaminated soil on plant uptake by a heavy metal hyperaccumulator, indian mustard (brassica juncea) and a field crop, winter wheat (triticum. aestivum). elemental sulfur (s) with different rates was carried out, they were 0 (s0), 20 (s20), 40 (s40), 80 (s80), and 160 (s160) mmol/kg respectively. extra pots with the same rates of s but without plants were used for soil sampling to monitor ph and cacl2-extractable ... | 2003 | 14758905 |
| performance and mapping of leaf rust resistance transferred to wheat from triticum timopheevii subsp. armeniacum. | abstract host plant resistance is an economical and environmentally sound method of control of leaf rust caused by the fungus puccinia triticina, which is one of the most serious diseases of wheat (triticum aestivum) worldwide. wild relatives of wheat, including the tetraploid t. timopheevii subsp. armeniacum, represent an important source of genes for resistance to leaf rust. the objectives of this study were to (i) evaluate the performance of leaf rust resistance genes previously transferred t ... | 2003 | 18943158 |
| microsatellite markers for genes lr34/yr18 and other quantitative trait loci for leaf rust and stripe rust resistance in bread wheat. | abstract leaf rust and stripe rust, caused by puccinia triticina and p. striiformis, respectively, are important diseases of wheat in many countries. in this study we sought to identify molecular markers for adult plant resistance genes that could aid in incorporating such durable resistance into wheat. we used a doubled haploid population from a japanese cv. fukuho-komugi x israeli wheat oligoculm cross that had segregated for resistance to leaf rust and stripe rust in field trials. joint and/o ... | 2003 | 18943170 |
| structural studies on wheat (triticum aestivum) proteins lacking phenylalanine and histidine residues. | 1. three very similar proteins, each of approx. 120 amino acid residues but lacking phenylalanine and histidine, were isolated from wheat (triticum aestivum) flour in sufficient quantities for further structural studies. 2. each protein, after reduction and carboxymethylation, was cleaved at the three methionine residues with cnbr to give four major peptides, which were isolated. these peptides are suitable for future sequencing studies, as the sums of their amino acid compositions are in good a ... | 2003 | 1201000 |
| genetic transformation of indian bread (t. aestivum) and pasta (t. durum) wheat by particle bombardment of mature embryo-derived calli. | particle bombardment has been successfully employed for obtaining transgenics in cereals in general and wheat in particular. most of these procedures employ immature embryos which are not available throughout the year. the present investigation utilizes mature seeds as the starting material and the calli raised from the hexaploid triticum aestivum and tetraploid triticum durum display a high regeneration response and were therefore used as the target tissue for genetic transformation by the biol ... | 2003 | 12952555 |
| overexpression of a gene encoding hydrogen peroxide-generating oxalate oxidase evokes defense responses in sunflower. | oxalate oxidase (oxo) converts oxalic acid (oa) and o(2) to co(2) and hydrogen peroxide (h(2)o(2)), and acts as a source of h(2)o(2) in certain plant-pathogen interactions. to determine if the h(2)o(2) produced by oxo can function as a messenger for activation of defense genes and if oxo can confer resistance against an oa-producing pathogen, we analyzed transgenic sunflower (helianthus annuus cv smf3) plants constitutively expressing a wheat (triticum aestivum) oxo gene. the transgenic leaf tis ... | 2003 | 12970484 |
| willet m. hays, great benefactor to plant breeding and the founder of our association. | willet m. hays was a great benefactor to plant breeding and the founder of the american genetic association (aga). we commemorate the aga's centennial. we mined university archives, u.s. department of agriculture (usda) yearbooks, plant breeding textbooks, scientific periodicals, and descendants for information. willet hays first recognized the individual plant as the unit of selection and started systematic pure-line selection and progeny tests in 1888. he developed useful plant breeding method ... | 2003 | 14691309 |
| concerted action of endogenous and heterologous phytase on phytic acid degradation in seed of transgenic wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | expression of heterologous phytases in crops offers a great potential for improving phosphate and mineral bioavailability in food and feed. in this context it is of relevance to describe the concerted action of endogenous and hetrologous phytases on the transgenic seed inositol phosphate profile. here we report metal-dye detection hplc analysis of inositol phosphate degradation in flour from transgenic wheat materials possessing wheat endogenous 6-phytase [ec 3.1.3.26] and aspergillus 3-phytase ... | 2003 | 14713194 |
| mycological and mycotoxicological evaluation of grain. | grain storage conditions affect its quality. in lithuania, different types of farms have various harvesting, processing and storing conditions. grain samples were tested from agricultural granaries of 3 different types with different grain storage conditions in lithuania. during march-april in 2001 the investigation on mycological and mycotoxicological state of stored grain from different types of agricultural granaries were performed. wheat (triticum aestivum l.) samples (n = 33) were tested fr ... | 2003 | 14677916 |
| molecular characterization of a wheat--thinopyrum ponticum partial amphiploid and its derivatives for resistance to leaf rust. | leaf rust (caused by puccinia triticina eriks.) occurs annually in most wheat-growing areas of the world. thinopyrum ponticum (podp.) z.-w. liu & r.-c. wang has provided several leaf rust resistance genes to protect wheat from this fungal disease. three chromosome substitution lines, ji806, ji807, and ji859, and two chromosome addition lines, ji791 and ji924, with a winter growing habit were developed from crosses between wheat (triticum aestivum l. em thell.) and the wheat - th. ponticum partia ... | 2003 | 14608407 |
| map-based isolation of the leaf rust disease resistance gene lr10 from the hexaploid wheat (triticum aestivum l.) genome. | more than 50 leaf rust resistance (lr) genes against the fungal pathogen puccinia triticina have been identified in the wheat gene pool, and a large number of them have been extensively used in breeding. of the 50 lr genes, all are known only from their phenotype and/or map position except for lr21, which was cloned recently. for many years, the problems of molecular work in the large (1.6 x 10(10) bp), highly repetitive (80%), and hexaploid bread wheat (triticum aestivum l.) genome have hampere ... | 2003 | 14645721 |
| efficacy of diatomaceous earth to control internal infestations of rice weevil and maize weevil (coleoptera: curculionidae). | densities of 10, 20, and 30 hard red winter wheat kernels, triticum aestivum l., were infested with different life stages of the rice weevil, sitophilus oryzae (l.), mixed with 35 g of wheat treated with 300 ppm of the protect-it (mississauga, ontario, canada) formulation of diatomaceous earth (de), and held at 22, 27, and 32 degrees c. a similar test was conducted by exposing densities of 6, 12, and 18 corn kernels infested with different life stages of the maize weevil, sitophilus zeamais mots ... | 2003 | 14994822 |
| [efficient production of wheat alien translocation lines and characterization by molecular cytogenetics]. | the triticum aestivum-leymus mollis and t. aestivum-thinopyrum intermedium translocation lines were induced by gametocidal chromosome 3c derived from aegilops triuncialis and gamma-ray irradiated pollens of a t. aestivum-th. intermedium addition line tai-14 with a lower dosage (10gy), respectively. by genomic in situ hybridization (gish) analysis, three t. aestivum-l. mollis translocation lines (wm-10, wm-43 and wm-47) and three deletion lines (wm-18, wm-43 and wm-44) were selected from 59 f2 pl ... | 2003 | 14579529 |
| assessment of aegilops tauschii for resistance to biotypes of wheat curl mite (acari: eriophyidae). | aegilops tauschii, the wild diploid d-genome progenitor of wheat, triticum aestivum l., is an important source of resistance to several arthropod pests and pathogens. a total of 108 ae. tauschii accessions from different geographic regions were evaluated for resistance to biotypes of the wheat curl mite, aceria tosichella keifer, from kansas, nebraska, and montana. the wheat curl mite is the only vector known to transmit wheat streak mosaic virus. wheat curl mite resistance was detected in germp ... | 2003 | 14503608 |
| lower glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (gip) response but similar glucagon-like peptide 1 (glp-1), glycaemic, and insulinaemic response to ancient wheat compared to modern wheat depends on processing. | to test the hypothesis that bread made from the ancient wheat einkorn (triticum monococcum) reduces the insulin and glucose responses through modulation of the gastrointestinal responses of glucose-dependent insulinotrophic polypeptide (gip) and glucagon-like peptide 1 (glp-1) compared to the responses to bread of modern wheat (triticum aestivum). | 2003 | 14506486 |
| introgression of 1dx5+1dy10 into tritordeum. | the uses of hexaploid tritordeum as a crop for human consumption require improvement of its bread-making quality. for this purpose chromosome 1d of bread wheat with the glu-d1 allele encoding for high-molecular-weight glutenin subunits dx5+dy10 was introgressed into tritordeum. different primary tritordeums were crossed with wheats carrying subunits dx5+dy10. the hybrids were backcrossed to tritordeum and seeds for the next backcross (or selfing) were selected for the presence of chromosome 1d u ... | 2003 | 12595993 |
| proteomic analysis of the effect of heat stress on hexaploid wheat grain: characterization of heat-responsive proteins from total endosperm. | high temperatures during grain filling have been reported to be one of the factors that can affect the dough properties and quality characteristics of wheat. responses to high temperature have been related to changes in protein composition at both quantitative and qualitative levels. the present study was conducted to determine the influence of high temperature during grain filling on the protein composition of bread wheat evaluated by proteomic tools. plants were grown in the field and transfer ... | 2003 | 12601810 |
| a type 1 diabetes-related protein from wheat (triticum aestivum). cdna clone of a wheat storage globulin, glb1, linked to islet damage. | the development of autoimmune type 1 diabetes involves complex interactions among several genes and environmental agents. human patients with type 1 diabetes show an unusually high frequency of wheat gluten-sensitive enteropathy; t-cell response to wheat proteins is increased in some patients, and high concentrations of wheat antibodies in blood have been reported. in both major models of spontaneous type 1 diabetes, the biobreeding (bb) rat and non-obese diabetic mouse, at least half of the cas ... | 2003 | 12409286 |
| dissipation of the herbicide dithiopyr in soil and residues in wheat (triticum aestivum l) grain under indian tropical conditions. | dissipation of dithiopyr in soil was monitored after application to wheat crop as pre- or post-emergence applications at two rates, viz 100 and 200 g ai ha(-1). the level of dithiopyr in the soil was assessed by gas chromatography, and its disappearence was found to follow a first-order decay curve irrespective of rate or method of application. the half-life in soil ranged between 17.3 and 25.0 days and residues at harvest (150 days after application) ranged between 4.0 and 8.8% of amounts appli ... | 2003 | 12558106 |
| sucrose-phosphatase gene families in plants. | sucrose-phosphatase (spp; ec 3.1.3.24) catalyzes the final step in the pathway of sucrose biosynthesis and higher plants contain multiple isoforms of the enzyme encoded by different genes. the genome of the dicotyledonous plant arabidopsis thaliana (thale cress) contains four spp-like genes on chromosomes 1 (atspp1), 2 (atspp2) and 3 (atspp3a and atspp3b), all of which are expressed. the genome of the monocotyledonous plant rice (oryza sativa) also contains four spp-like genes, which have very s ... | 2003 | 12559580 |
| identification of the wheat seed protein cm3 as a highly active emulsifier using a novel functional screen. | lyophilized albumin protein fractions were prepared from flour of four varieties of wheat: triticum aestivum cvs. mercia and riband, triticum aestivum var. spelta, and triticum turgidum var. durum (kamut). the dry powders were redissolved in sodium phosphate buffers at ph 3.0, 6.5, or 8.0 and at ionic strengths of 0.1 or 1.0 m to a concentration of 0.1% (w/v). emulsions formed by sonication of protein solutions with n-hexadecane were aged at room temperature and separated into aqueous, interstit ... | 2003 | 12643668 |
| microsatellite mapping of the powdery mildew resistance gene pm5e in common wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | powdery mildew, caused by erysiphe graminis dm f. sp. tritici (em. marchal), is one of the most important diseases of common wheat world-wide. chinese wheat variety 'fuzhuang 30' carries the powdery mildew resistance gene pm5e and has proven to be a valuable resistance source of powdery mildew for wheat breeding. microsatellite markers were employed to identify the gene pm5e in a f(2) progeny from the cross 'nongda 15' (susceptible) x 'fuzhuang 30' (resistant). the gene pm5e was mapped in the di ... | 2003 | 12647060 |
| an erebp/ap2-type protein in triticum aestivum was a dre-binding transcription factor induced by cold, dehydration and aba stress. | we characterize one transcription factor of dre-binding proteins (tadreb1) that was isolated from a drought-induced cdna library of wheat (triticum aestivum l.). tadreb1 contains one conserved erebp/ap2 domain, and shows similarity with arabidopsis thaliana dreb family members in both overall amino-acid sequences and the secondary structure arrangement within the dna-binding motifs. in yeast one-hybrid system, tadreb1, can specially activate the genes fused with the promoter containing three tan ... | 2003 | 12647068 |
| effects of alternaria triticina and foliar fly ash deposition on growth, yield, photosynthetic pigments, protein and lysine contents of three cultivars of wheat. | a greenhouse experiment was conducted to study the effects of alternaria triticina with and without foliar dusting of fly ash (0.0, 2.5, 5.0, 7.5 g plant(-1)/day(-1)) on the growth, yield, photosynthetic pigments, protein and lysine contents of three cultivars of wheat, triticum aestivum. dusting of 2.5 and 5.0 g fly ash caused a significant increase in growth, yield, photosynthetic pigments, protein and lysine contents of all the three cultivars. dusting of 5.0 g fly ash caused a higher increas ... | 2003 | 12653286 |
| effect of lanthanum ions (la3+) on the reactive oxygen species scavenging enzymes in wheat leaves. | physiological effects of lanthanum ions on the activities of the enzymes in the reactive oxygen species (ros) scavenging system in leaves of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) seedlings were studied. wheat leaves treated in hogland solution with 0.1 mm lacl(3) for 48 h showed increased levels of superoxide dismutase (sod), catalase (cat), ascorbate-specific peroxidase (asa-pod), and dehydroascorbate reductase (dhar). however, a minor effect was observed on the levels of monodehydroascorbate reductase ... | 2003 | 12663948 |
| molecular cytogenetic discrimination and reaction to wheat streak mosaic virus and the wheat curl mite in zhong series of wheat--thinopyrum intermedium partial amphiploids. | thinopyrum intermedium (2n = 6x = 42, jjjsjsss) is potentially a useful source of resistance to wheat streak mosaic virus (wsmv) and its vector, the wheat curl mite (wcm). five partial amphiploids, namely zhong 1, zhong 2, zhong 3, zhong 4, and zhong 5, derived from triticum aestivum x thinopyrum intermedium crosses produced in china, were screened for wsmv and wcm resistance. zhong 1 and zhong 2 had high levels of resistance to wsmv and wcm. the other three partial amphiploids, zhong 3, 4, and ... | 2003 | 12669806 |
| detection of qtl linked to fusarium head blight resistance in sumai 3-derived north dakota bread wheat lines. | during the past decade fusarium head blight (fhb) caused by fusarium graminearum schwabe has resulted in severe grain yield and quality losses of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) in the northern great plains of the u.s. given the complexity of breeding for fhb resistance, molecular markers associated with this trait will be valuable in accelerating efforts to breed resistant cultivars. the objective of this study was to identify molecular markers linked to quantitative trait loci (qtl) for fhb resis ... | 2003 | 12671750 |
| genetic analysis of grain protein-content, grain yield and thousand-kernel weight in bread wheat. | grain yield and grain protein content are two very important traits in bread wheat. they are controlled by genetic factors, but environmental conditions considerably affect their expression. the aim of this study was to determine the genetic basis of these two traits by analysis of a segregating population of 194 f(7) recombinant inbred lines derived from a cross between two wheat varieties, grown at six locations in france in 1999. a genetic map of 254 loci was constructed, covering about 75% o ... | 2003 | 12671751 |
| primary structure and reactive site of a novel wheat proteinase inhibitor of subtilisin and chymotrypsin. | the proteinase inhibitor wsci, active in inhibiting bacterial subtilisin and a number of animal chymotrypsins, was purified from endosperm of exaploid wheat (triticum aestivum, c.v. san pastore) by ion exchange chromatography and its complete amino acid sequence was established by automated edman degradation. wsci consists of a single polypeptide chain of 72 amino acid residues, has a molecular mass of 8126.3 da and a pl of 5.8. the inhibition constants (ki) for bacillus licheniformis subtilisin ... | 2003 | 12675523 |
| molecular identification of wheat endoxylanase inhibitor taxi-i1, member of a new class of plant proteins. | triticum aestivum endoxylanase inhibitors (taxis) are wheat proteins that inhibit family 11 endoxylanases commonly used in different (bio)technological processes. here, we report on the identification of the taxi-i gene which encodes a mature protein of 381 amino acids with a calculated molecular mass of 38.8 kda. when expressed in escherichia coli, the recombinant protein had the specificity and inhibitory activity of natural taxi-i, providing conclusive evidence that the isolated gene encodes ... | 2003 | 12681519 |
| tolerance of mannitol-accumulating transgenic wheat to water stress and salinity. | previous work with model transgenic plants has demonstrated that cellular accumulation of mannitol can alleviate abiotic stress. here, we show that ectopic expression of the mtld gene for the biosynthesis of mannitol in wheat improves tolerance to water stress and salinity. wheat (triticum aestivum l. cv bobwhite) was transformed with the mtld gene of escherichia coli. tolerance to water stress and salinity was evaluated using calli and t(2) plants transformed with (+mtld) or without (-mtld) mtl ... | 2003 | 12692333 |
| initial crop growth in soil collected from a closed animal waste lagoon. | in the 21st century, remediation of the soil beneath animal waste lagoons will become an important issue, as they are closed due to environmental regulations or to abandonment. the possibility of growing crops in the soil, which has high concentrations of ammonium-n, has not been studied. the objective of this experiment was to determine if crop species would germinate and grow in lagoon soil. soil was gathered from a lagoon that had received wastes from swine (sus scrofa) and beef (bos taurus) ... | 2003 | 12733569 |
| a new hessian fly resistance gene (h30) transferred from the wild grass aegilops triuncialis to hexaploid wheat. | a new hessian fly (mayetiola destructor say) resistance gene from aegilops triuncialis and its transfer to hexaploid wheat via interspecific hybridisation is described. the transfer line tr-3531 (42 chromosomes), derived from the cross [(triticum turgidum x ae. triuncialis) x triticum aestivum] and carrying the heterodera avenae resistance gene cre7, showed a high level of resistance to the m. destructor biotype prevailing in the sw of spain. a single dominant gene (h30) seems to determine the h ... | 2003 | 12748776 |
| powdery mildew resistance gene pm22 in cultivar virest is a member of the complex pm1 locus in common wheat ( triticum aestivum l. em thell.). | the powdery mildew resistance gene pm22, identified in the italian wheat cultivar virest and originally assigned to wheat chromosome 1d, was mapped to chromosome 7a with the aid of molecular markers. mapping of common aflp and ssr markers in two wheat crosses segregating for pm22 and pm1c, respectively, indicated that pm22 is a member of the complex pm1 locus. pm22 also showed a pattern of resistance reaction to a differential set of blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici isolates that was distinguish ... | 2003 | 12750784 |
| mapping qtls for seed dormancy and the vp1 homologue on chromosome 3a in wheat. | a major component of the observed genetic variation for pre-harvest sprouting in wheat ( triticum aestivum l.) appears to be the level of seed dormancy. group 3 chromosomes have received attention as carrying the r genes for seed-coat color and the tavp1 genes that are orthologous to the maize vp1 gene which encode a dormancy-related transcription factor. the objectives of the present study were to map quantitative trait loci (qtls) for seed dormancy on chromosome 3a and to investigate an associ ... | 2003 | 12750793 |
| bread wheat gliadin cytotoxicity: a new three-dimensional cell model. | in an attempt to clarify the role of gliadin toxicity in the pathogenesis of gluten intolerance (celiac disease), previous in vitro studies have been based on two-dimensional human cell cultures. however, the specific morphological and biochemical properties of in vivo tissue are better maintained in three-dimensional cell cultures (multicellular spheroids, mcs). the aim of this study was to develop a three-dimensional in vitro model to investigate the effects of gliadin on epithelial cells and ... | 2003 | 12751695 |
| efficient clustering of large est data sets on parallel computers. | clustering expressed sequence tags (ests) is a powerful strategy for gene identification, gene expression studies and identifying important genetic variations such as single nucleotide polymorphisms. to enable fast clustering of large-scale est data, we developed pace (for parallel clustering of ests), a software program for est clustering on parallel computers. in this paper, we report on the design and development of pace and its evaluation using arabidopsis ests. the novel features of our app ... | 2003 | 12771222 |
| deoxynivalenol and other fusarium toxins in wheat and rye flours on the danish market. | information on the contamination of danish cereals and cereal products with fusarium toxins is limited and the last survey is from 1984/1985. in the present study, the occurrence of deoxynivalenol (don), nivalenol (niv), ht-2 toxin, t-2 toxin and zearalenone (zon) was investigated in flour of common wheat, durum wheat and rye. the samples were collected from 1998 to 2001 from both mills and the retail market in denmark. a total of 190 flour samples were analysed for don and niv and about 60 samp ... | 2003 | 12775483 |
| inheritance and localisation of resistance to mycosphaerella graminicola causing septoria tritici blotch and plant height in the wheat (triticum aestivum l.) genome with dna markers. | resistance to the disease septoria tritici blotch of wheat (triticum aestivum l.), caused by the fungus mycosphaerella graminicola (fuckel.) j. schrot in cohn (anamorph septoria tritici roberge in desmaz.) was investigated in a doubled-haploid (dh) population of a cross between the susceptible winter wheat cultivar savannah and the resistant cultivar senat. a molecular linkage map of the population was constructed including 76 ssr loci and 244 aflp loci. parents and dh progeny were tested for re ... | 2003 | 12783168 |
| factors influencing successful agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation of wheat. | the development of a robust agrobacterium-mediated transformation protocol for a recalcitrant species like bread wheat requires the identification and optimisation of the factors affecting t-dna delivery and plant regeneration. we have used immature embryos from range of wheat varieties and the agrobacterium strain agl1 harbouring the pgreen-based plasmid pal156, which contains a t-dna incorporating the bar gene and a modified uida (beta-glucuronidase) gene, to investigate and optimise major t-d ... | 2003 | 12789416 |
| agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation of wheat using a superbinary vector and a polyamine-supplemented regeneration medium. | immature embryo-derived calli of spring wheat (triticum aestivum l.) cv veery5 were transformed using agrobacterium tumefaciens strain lba4404 carrying either binary vector phk22 or superbinary vector phk21, the latter carrying an extra set of vir genes--vir b, -c and -g. in both cases, transient beta-glucuronidase ( gus) expression ranging from 35-63% was observed 3 days after co-cultivation, but 587 calli infected with phk22/lba4404 failed to produce a single stably transformed plant, whereas ... | 2003 | 12789445 |
| effect of bioaccumulation of cadmium on biomass productivity, essential trace elements, chlorophyll biosynthesis, and macromolecules of wheat seedlings. | soil contamination with heavy metals has become a worldwide problem, leading to losses in agricultural yield and hazardous human health effects as they enter the food chain. the present investigation was undertaken to examine the influence of cadmium (cd2+) on the wheat (triticum aestivum l.) plant. cd2+ accumulation and distribution in 3-wk-old seedlings grown in nutrient medium containing varying concentrations of cd2+ (control, 0.25, 0.50, 1.0, 2.5, and 5.0 mg/l) was monitored. the effect of ... | 2003 | 12794277 |
| characterization of six wheat x thinopyrum intermedium derivatives by gish, rflp, and multicolor gish. | restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) analysis and multicolor genomic in situ hybridization (gish) are useful tools to precisely characterize genetic stocks derived from crosses of wheat (triticum aestivum) with thinopyrum intermedium and thinopyrum elongatum. the wheat x th. intermedium derived stocks designated z1, z2, z3, z4, z5, and z6 were initially screened by multicolor gish using aegilops speltoides genomic dna for blocking and various combinations of genomic dna from th. inter ... | 2003 | 12834067 |
| agrobacterium-mediated large-scale transformation of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) using glyphosate selection. | an agrobacterium-mediated transformation system with glyphosate selection has been developed for the large-scale production of transgenic plants. the system uses 4-day precultured immature embryos as explants. a total of 30 vectors containing the 5-enol-pyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase gene from agrobacterium strain cp4 (aroa:cp4), which confers resistance to glyphosate, were introduced into wheat using this system. the aroa:cp4 gene served two roles in this study-selectable marker and gene ... | 2003 | 12835912 |
| soil properties and crop productivity as influenced by flyash incorporation in soil. | field experiments were carried out during 1996-97 at gulawathi, muthiani and salarpur villages, iari farm, new delhi and ncpp campus, dadri to evaluate changes in soil characteristics and growth of wheat (triticum aestivum l.), mustard (brassica juncea l.), lentil (lence esculenta moench.), rice (oryza sativa l.) and maize (zea mays l.) by varying amounts of flyash addition (up to 50t ha(-1)) in soils at sowing/transplanting time of crops. flyash addition in areas adjoining ncpp thermal power pl ... | 2003 | 12889638 |
| qtl mapping of partial resistance in winter wheat to stagonospora nodorum blotch. | stagonospora nodorum blotch is an important foliar and glume disease in cereals. inheritance of resistance in wheat appears to be quantitative. to date, breeding of partially resistant cultivars has been the only effective way to combat this pathogen. the partial resistance components, namely length of incubation period, disease severity, and length of latent period, were evaluated on a population of doubled haploids derived from a cross between the partially resistant triticum aestivum 'liwilla ... | 2003 | 12897862 |
| molecular mapping of novel genes controlling fusarium head blight resistance and deoxynivalenol accumulation in spring wheat. | fusarium head blight of wheat is an extremely damaging disease, causing severe losses in seed yield and quality. the objective of the current study was to examine and characterize alternate sources of resistance to fusarium head blight (fhb). ninety-one f1-derived doubled haploid lines from the cross triticum aestivum 'wuhan-1' x triticum aestivum 'maringa' were examined for disease reaction to fusarium graminearum by single-floret injection in replicated greenhouse trials and by spray inoculati ... | 2003 | 12897863 |
| chromosomal location of a race-specific resistance gene to mycosphaerella graminicola in the spring wheat st6. | septoria tritici blotch, caused by mycosphaerella graminicola, is a serious foliar disease of wheat worldwide. qualitative, race-specific resistance sources have been identified and utilized for resistant cultivar development. however, septoria tritici blotch resistant varieties have succumbed to changes in virulence of m. graminicola on at least three continents. the use of resistance gene pyramids may slow or prevent the breakdown of resistance. a clear understanding of the genetics of resista ... | 2003 | 12898022 |
| presence of yeasts in southern italian sourdoughs from triticum aestivum flour. | samples of sourdoughs obtained from 13 artisanal bakeries located in the molise and campania regions were analysed. the sourdoughs were produced with the exclusive use of triticum aestivum wheat flour. ph values of sourdoughs from molise were generally lower than those from campania. the number of yeasts in the samples of sourdoughs from molise was generally higher than in those from campania, which in two cases evidenced counts about 2 log cfu x g(-1). by utilising and comparing traditional and ... | 2003 | 12900033 |
| cold-specific and light-stimulated expression of a wheat (triticum aestivum l.) cor gene wcor15 encoding a chloroplast-targeted protein. | wcor15, a member of the wheat cold-responsive (cor) gene family, has been isolated and characterized. the deduced polypeptide wcor15 (mw=14.7 kda) showed high homology to the previously identified wheat and barley cor proteins. southern blot analysis using diploid, tetraploid and hexaploid wheat and diploid aegilops species showed that the wheat and related wild genomes possessed multiple copies of wcor15 homologues. five copies were assigned to the homologous group 2 chromosomes by nulli-tetras ... | 2003 | 12909691 |
| detection of qtls for stagonospora glume blotch resistance in swiss winter wheat. | stagonospora nodorum is the causal agent of the stagonospora glume blotch disease in hexaploid wheat. the swiss winter bread wheat cv. 'arina' has a highly effective, durable and quantitative glume blotch resistance. we studied 240 single seed descent (ssd)-derived lines of an 'arina x forno' f(5:7) population to identify and map quantitative trait loci (qtls) for glume blotch resistance under natural infestation. using composite interval mapping (cim) and lod>4.5, we detected two chromosomal re ... | 2003 | 12928778 |
| phenotypic assessment and mapped markers for h31, a new wheat gene conferring resistance to hessian fly (diptera: cecidomyiidae). | a new source of resistance to the highly virulent and widespread biotype l of the hessian fly, mayetiola destructor (say), was identified in an accession of tetraploid durum wheat, triticum turgidum desf., and was introgressed into hexaploid common wheat, triticum aestivum l. genetic analysis and deletion mapping revealed that the common wheat line contained a single locus for resistance, h31, residing at the terminus of chromosome 5bs. h31 is the first hessian fly-resistance gene to be placed o ... | 2003 | 12928782 |
| growth responses of wheat (triticum aestivum l. var. hd 2329) exposed to ambient air pollution under varying fertility regimes. | the problem of urban air pollution has attracted special attention in india due to a tremendous increase in the urban population; motor vehicles vis a vis the extent of energy utilization. field studies were conducted on wheat crops (triticum aestivum l. var. hd 2329) by keeping the pot-grown plants in similar edaphic conditions at nine different sites in allahabad city to quantify the effects of ambient air pollution levels on selected growth and yield parameters. air quality monitoring was don ... | 2003 | 12941977 |
| isolation and identification of actinobacteria from surface-sterilized wheat roots. | this is the first report of filamentous actinobacteria isolated from surface-sterilized root tissues of healthy wheat plants (triticum aestivum l.). wheat roots from a range of sites across south australia were used as the source material for the isolation of the endophytic actinobacteria. roots were surface-sterilized by using ethanol and sodium hypochlorite prior to the isolation of the actinobacteria. forty-nine of these isolates were identified by using 16s ribosomal dna (rdna) sequencing an ... | 2003 | 12957950 |
| effect of air pollution on peri-urban agriculture: a case study. | peri-urban agriculture is vital for the urban populations of many developing countries. increases in both industrialization and urbanization, and associated air pollution threaten urban food production and its quality. six hour mean concentrations were monitored for so(2), no(2) and o(3) and plant responses were measured in terms of physiological characteristics, pigment, biomass and yield. parameter reductions in mung bean (vigna radiata), palak (beta vulgaris), wheat (triticum aestivum) and mu ... | 2003 | 12963293 |
| cis-jasmone treatment induces resistance in wheat plants against the grain aphid, sitobion avenae (fabricius) (homoptera: aphididae). | cis-jasmone is a plant volatile known to have roles as an insect semiochemical and in inducing plant defence. it was evaluated in laboratory and field trials for control of cereal aphids. in an olfactometer bioassay cis-jasmone was repellent to alatae of the grain aphid, sitobion avenae (fabricius) (homoptera: aphididae). moreover, wheat, triticum aestivum (l), seedlings sprayed with formulated cis-jasmone 24 h previously were less susceptible to attack by s. avenae than control plants. in field ... | 2003 | 12974355 |
| impact of long-term application of industrial wastewater on the emergence of resistance traits in azotobacter chroococcum isolated from rhizospheric soil. | a total of 57 (36 and 21) azotobacter chroococcum were isolated from wheat (triticum aestivum) rhizospheric soil irrigated with industrial wastewater (about a decade) and ground water (uncontaminated) and characterized on the basis of morphological, cultural and biochemical characteristics. rhizospheric soils were analyzed for metal concentrations by atomic absorption spectrophotometery and the test soil samples were contaminated with fe, zn, cu, cr, ni and pb. all the isolates of a. chroococcum ... | 2003 | 12421001 |
| characterization of a gene from chromosome 1b encoding the large subunit of adpglucose pyrophosphorylase from wheat: evolutionary divergence and differential expression of agp2 genes between leaves and developing endosperm. | a full-length genomic clone containing the gene encoding the large subunit of the adpglucose pyrophosphorylase (agp2), was isolated from a genomic library prepared from etiolated shoots of hexaploid wheat (triticum aestivum l., cv, chinese spring). the coding region of this gene is identical to one of the cdna clones previously isolated from a developing wheat grain cdna library and is therefore an actively transcribed gene. the sequence represented by the cdna spans 4.8 kb of the genomic clone ... | 2003 | 17163903 |
| electrical potentials of plant cell walls in response to the ionic environment. | electrical potentials in cell walls (psi(wall)) and at plasma membrane surfaces (psi(pm)) are determinants of ion activities in these phases. the psi(pm) plays a demonstrated role in ion uptake and intoxication, but a comprehensive electrostatic theory of plant-ion interactions will require further understanding of psi(wall). psi(wall) from potato (solanum tuberosum) tubers and wheat (triticum aestivum) roots was monitored in response to ionic changes by placing glass microelectrodes against cel ... | 2003 | 12970506 |
| molecular cloning and characterization of cdnas encoding hemoglobin from wheat (triticum aestivum) and potato (solanum tuberosum). | hemoglobins (hbs) are heme proteins encountered in all five kingdoms of living organisms. in plants, two different classes of hbs have been identified: nonsymbiotic (class i) from both monocot and dicot species and symbiotic (class ii) hbs from nitrogen-fixing plants. this work reports the cloning and analysis of three nonsymbiotic hb genes from wheat (triticum aestivum) and potato (solanum tuberosum). the hb cdnas were amplified by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) using ... | 2003 | 12787929 |
| fluorescence lifetimes of protochlorophyllide in plants with different proportions of short-wavelength and long-wavelength protochlorophyllide spectral forms. | dark-grown leaves of maize (zea mays), wheat (triticum aestivum), wild-type pea (pisum sativum) and its light-independent photomorphogenesis mutant (lip1) have different proportions of protochlorophyllide (pchlide) forms as revealed by low-temperature fluorescence emission spectra. four discrete spectral forms of pchlide, with emission peaks around 633, 640, 656 and 670 nm, could be distinguished after gaussian deconvolution. in maize and wheat the 656 nm component was the most prominent, wherea ... | 2003 | 12945590 |
| antisense snf1-related (snrk1) protein kinase gene represses transient activity of an alpha-amylase (alpha-amy2) gene promoter in cultured wheat embryos. | a dna fragment corresponding to part of an snf1 (sucrose non-fermenting-1)-related protein kinase (snrk1) transcript was amplified by a polymerase chain reaction (pcr) from a wheat (triticum aestivum) endosperm cdna library. it was used to construct a chimaeric gene, puassnrkn, comprising a ubiquitin promoter, the snrk1 pcr product in the antisense orientation and the nopaline synthase (nos) gene terminator. this construct was used in transient gene expression experiments in cultured wheat embry ... | 2003 | 12554717 |
| [genealogy-based comparative analysis of loose smut resistance of spring common wheat cultivars]. | comparative genealogical analysis was conducted for loose smut-resistant and susceptible common wheat cultivars of three regions: russia, canada, and india. pedigree analysis of differentiator varieties revealed several sources of the ut1, ut3, and ut4 genes. tracking resistance transmission in extended pedigrees allowed identification of resistance donors, sources, and, in some cases, putative genes in russian, canadian, and indian cultivars. a contingency table was constructed with the data on ... | 2003 | 12942780 |