Publications

mapping of gluten t-cell epitopes in the bread wheat ancestors: implications for celiac disease.	celiac disease is a prevalent disorder characterized by a chronic intestinal inflammation driven by hla-dq2 or -dq8-restricted t cells specific for ingested wheat gluten peptides. the dominant t-cell responses are to epitopes that cluster within a stable 33mer fragment formed by physiologic digestion of distinct alpha-gliadins. celiac disease is treated by excluding all gluten proteins from the diet. conceivably, a diet based on baking-quality gluten from a wheat species that expresses no or few ...	2005	15685550
characterization of b- and c-type low molecular weight glutenin subunits by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry.	low molecular weight glutenin subunits (lmw-gs) are typically subdivided into three groups, according to their molecular weights and isoelectric points, namely the b-, c-, and d groups. enriched b- and c-type lmw-gs fractions extracted from the bread wheat cultivar chinese spring were characterized using high performance liquid chromatography (hplc) directly interfaced with electrospray ionization mass spectrometry and hplc coupled off-line with matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass s ...	2005	15682464
genetic and biochemical analysis of common wheat cultivars lacking puroindoline a.	puroindoline a (pin-a) and puroindoline b (pin-b), two basic isoforms encoded by the pina-d1 and pinb-d1 loci respectively, involved in controlling grain texture in wheat, were isolated from starch granules of soft wheat cultivars using three different extraction procedures, and fractionated by acidic polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (a-page). tris buffer containing 1% triton x-114 extracted pin-a and small amounts of pin-b, whereas 1% sds preferably extracted pin-b. large amounts of both puro ...	2005	15657742
differential exudation of two benzoxazinoids--one of the determining factors for seedling allelopathy of triticeae species.	benzoxazinoids (bx) are natural phytotoxins that function as chemical defense compounds in several species. the release of bx by intact plant roots associated these compounds with root allelopathy in triticeae species; however, the significance of exudate concentrations of bx for plant-plant interactions is still a controversial question. a biological screening of 146 cultivars of four triticeae species (triticum aestivum l., triticum durum desf., triticum spelta l., and secale cereale l.) demon ...	2005	15656658
influence of the gibberellin-sensitive rht8 dwarfing gene on leaf epidermal cell dimensions and early vigour in wheat (triticum aestivum l.).	the gibberellin-insensitive rht-b1b and rht-d1b dwarfing genes are known to reduce the size of cells in culms, leaves and coleoptiles of wheat. resulting leaf area development of gibberellin-insensitive wheats is poor compared to standard height (rht-b1a and rht-d1a) genotypes. alternative dwarfing genes to rht-b1b and rht-d1b are available that reduce plant height, such as the gibberellin-responsive rht8 gene. this study aims to investigate if rht8 has a similar dwarfing effect on the size of l ...	2005	15655105
characterization of est-derived microsatellites in the wheat genome and development of essr markers.	est-derived microsatellites or simple sequence repeats (essr) occur in expressed sequence tags (est). here we report characteristics of essrs in the wheat genome, construction of consensus chromosome bin maps of ssr-containing ests ((ssr)ests), and development of essr markers for the 21 wheat chromosomes. a perl script known as misa was used to identify essrs in wheat ests available in the database http://wheat.pw.usda.gov/cgi-bin/ace/search/west ). among 492,832 ests from the database, 36,520 ( ...	2005	15650880
regulation by vrn-1/fr-1 chromosomal intervals of cbf-mediated cor/lea gene expression and freezing tolerance in common wheat.	vrn-1/fr-1 chromosomal regions of common wheat possess major qtls for both winter hardiness (fr) and vernalization requirement (vrn). the vrn-1/fr-1 intervals are assigned to long arms of the homologous group 5 chromosomes. to investigate the role of the vrn-1/fr-1 intervals on the low-temperature (lt) inducibility of wheat cor/lea genes and its putative transcription factor gene wcbf2, lt response of these genes was monitored using near-isogenic lines (nils) for the vrn-1 loci. the wcbf2 transc ...	2005	15668223
[analysis of inheritance of morphological and biochemical characters introgressed into common wheat from aegilops speltoides tausch].	genetic control of some morphological traits and the gliadin composition were examined in plants of two lines of common wheat carrying genes introgressed from the wild diploid cereal aegilops speltoides. leaf hairiness was shown to be controlled by a single introgressed dominant gene that was not allelic to the known common wheat gene hl1. waxlessness of the whole plant is controlled by the introgressed from ae. speltoides inhibitor gene allelic to gene w1 located on chromosome 2b. this gene was ...	2005	16080604
[features of crossability, haploidy and polyembryony in hybrid combinations between common barley hordeum vulgare l. (2n = 14) and wheat-rye substitution lines triticum aestivum l., cultivar saratovskaya 29/secale cereale l., cultivar onokhoiskaya].	the role of individual chromosomes of rye in the manifestation of crossability and seedling development in hybrid combinations between common barley hordeum vulgare l., cultivar nepolegayushchii (2n = 14) and five wheat-rye substitution lines triticum aestivum l., cultivar saratovskaya 29/secale cereale l., cultivar onokhoiskaya (2n = 40 wheat + 2 rye chromosomes). crossability, which was measured by two parameters--frequency of set grains and frequency of grains with embryos--was shown to be si ...	2005	16080603
[genetic analysis and molecular markers of a novel stripe rust resistance gene yrhua in wheat originated from psathyrostachys huashanica keng].	the h9020-17-5,a common wheat-psathyrostachys huashanica keng translocation line, possesses excellent resistance to wheat stripe rust. genetic analysis of f2 and bc1 populations derived from h9020-17-5 x mingxian169 indicated that resistance to stripe rust in h9020-17-5 was a dominant character controlling by single gene originated from ps. huashanica. this resistance gene originated from ps. huashanica was first reported in the present study and named as yrhua. in order to map the resistance ge ...	2005	16078743
development of taxon-specific sequences of common wheat for the detection of genetically modified wheat.	qualitative and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (pcr) systems aimed at the specific detection and quantification of common wheat dna are described. many countries have issued regulations to label foods that include genetically modified organisms (gmos). pcr technology is widely recognized as a reliable and useful technique for the qualitative and quantitative detection of gmos. detection methods are needed to amplify a target gm gene, and the amplified results should be compared with thos ...	2005	16076109
uniparental chromosome elimination at mitosis and interphase in wheat and pearl millet crosses involves micronucleus formation, progressive heterochromatinization, and dna fragmentation.	complete uniparental chromosome elimination occurs in several interspecific hybrids of plants. we studied the mechanisms underlying selective elimination of the paternal chromosomes during the development of wheat (triticum aestivum) x pearl millet (pennisetum glaucum) hybrid embryos. all pearl millet chromosomes were eliminated in a random sequence between 6 and 23 d after pollination. parental genomes were spatially separated within the hybrid nucleus, and pearl millet chromatin destined for e ...	2005	16055632
cloning of resistance gene analogs located on the alien chromosome in an addition line of wheat-thinopyrum intermedium.	homology-based gene/gene-analog cloning method has been extensively applied in isolation of rgas (resistance gene analogs) in various plant species. however, serious interference of sequences on homoeologous chromosomes in polyploidy species usually occurred when cloning rgas in a specific chromosome. in this research, the techniques of chromosome microdissection combined with homology-based cloning were used to clone rgas from a specific chromosome of wheat-thinopyrum alien addition line tai-27 ...	2005	16044269
zinc and copper uptake by plants under two transpiration rates. part i. wheat (triticum aestivum l.).	to evaluate the environmental risk of irrigating crops with treated wastewater, an experiment was conducted using two growth chambers, each offering a different vapour pressure deficit (vpd) for high and low transpiration rates (tr), respectively. one of the two sets of 24 pots planted with 6 week old wheat (triticum aestivum l.), was placed in each growth chamber, and irrigated in triplicates for 20 days with 8 zn and cu solutions (0 and 25 mg zn/l combined with 0, 5, 15 and 30 mg cu/l). water ...	2005	16043273
synthesis and screening of anilides having olefinic and alkyl moiety in the side chain as chemical hybridizing agents for wheat (triticum aestivum l.).	induction of male sterility by deployment of chemical hybridizing agents (chas) holds immense potential in heterosis breeding of wheat. a total of 21 anilides having different aromatic substitutions and side-chain variation were synthesized and screened as chas on three genotypes of wheat viz., pbw 343, hw 2046, and hd 2733, at winter season. various anilides having vinyl moiety in the acyl side chain were synthesized by condensation between substituted anilines with different esters or acid chl ...	2005	16028981
bioactivity of the fungal metabolite (8r,16r)-(-)-pyrenophorin on graminaceous plants.	a secondary metabolite was isolated from cultures of a drechslera avenae pathotype with host specificity to avena sterilis and identified as the macrodiolide (8r,16r)-(-)-pyrenophorin (8,16-dimethyl-1,9-dioxa-cyclohexadeca-3,11-diene-2,5,10,13-tetraone). a considerable yield of the substance was obtained after 8-12 days of incubation at temperatures of 15-20 degrees c. the compound at a concentration of 60 microm inhibited seed germination of wild oats (avena sterilis, a. fatua), oat (a. sativa) ...	2005	16028978
the wheat tagi1, involved in photoperiodic flowering, encodes an arabidopsis gi ortholog.	wheat (triticum aestivum l.) is an important crop and requires long day and short night to flower. to study the molecular mechanism of photoperiodic regulation of flowering in this species, we isolated a wheat tagi1 gene, an ortholog of gigantea (gi) in arabidopsis. rna blot hybridization revealed that tagi1 is expressed in leaves in a rhythmic manner under long day and short day conditions and its rhythmic expression is regulated by photoperiods and circadian clocks. further study demonstrated ...	2005	16028116
spatial and temporal distribution of induced resistance to greenbug (homoptera: aphididae) herbivory in preconditioned resistant and susceptible near isogenic plants of wheat.	interactions between biotype e greenbugs, schizaphis graminum (rodani), and two near isogenic lines of the greenbug resistance gene gb3 of wheat, triticum aestivum l., were examined for 62 d after infestation. by comparing aphid performance and host responses on control and greenbug-preconditioned plants, we demonstrated that systemic resistance to greenbug herbivory was inducible in the resistant genotype with varying intensities and effectiveness in different parts of the plants. preconditioni ...	2005	16022335
identification of differentially expressed genes in leaf and root between wheat hybrid and its parental inbreds using pcr-based cdna subtraction.	heterosis was defined as the advantage of hybrid performance over its parents in terms of growth and productivity. previous studies showed that differential gene expression between hybrids and their parents is responsible for the heterosis; however, information on systematic identification and characterization of the differentially expressed genes are limited. in this study, an interspecific hybrid between common wheat (triticum aestivum. l., 2n = 6x = 42, aabbdd) line 3338 and spelt (triticum s ...	2005	16021401
inducing rye 1r chromosome structural changes in common wheat cv. chinese spring by the gametocidal chromosome 2c of aegilops cylindrica.	to generate 1 r deletion and translocation lines, we introduced a 2c chromosome,which was derived from aegilops cylindrica and was known to have a gametocidal function when added monosomically into common wheat cv. chinese spring (cs) and its derivative, into a wheat-rye 1r chromosome disomic addition line (cs-1r"). when the individuals with chromosome constitution 21" + 1r" + 2c' (2n = 45) were selfed, the 1r chromosome structural changes were found to be induced with high frequency (24.1%) amo ...	2005	16018259
[comparative analysis of genetic diversity revealed by genomic-ssr, est-ssr and pedigree in wheat (triticum asetivum l.)].	two ssr molecular markers, genomic-ssr and est (expressed sequence tagged)-ssr, were used to measure the genetic diversity among 18 accessions of common wheat with known pedigrees, which were collected from winter wheat production region in northern china. in addtion, the genetic diversity revealed by pedigree, est-ssr and genomic-ssr was also compared. the results showed that the average number of alleles per genomic-ssr locus is 3.34, which is higher than that of est-ssr (2.31), indicating tha ...	2005	16011033
accumulation and fractionation of rare earth elements (rees) in wheat: controlled by phosphate precipitation, cell wall absorption and solution complexation.	previous studies on rare earth element (ree) bioaccumulation have focused on their accumulation rate and fractionation, but the processes involved remain unclear. in this study, the accumulation and fractionation of rees in wheat (triticum aestivum l.) were investigated using solution culture with exogenous mixed rees. a decrease in ree contents was observed from the roots to the tops of wheat. significant fractionations of rees were found in wheat organs as compared to the exogenous mixed rees. ...	2005	16131504
effect of water stress and heavy metals on induction of somatic embryogenesis in wheat leaf base cultures.	in vitro cultures of plant tissues are known to mimic the response of field-grown plants when subjected to stress treatments. this investigation on triticum aestivum explores the effect of drought stress on somatic embryogenesis and endogenous proline content. leaf bases were cultured on ms medium supplemented with 2,4-d (10 microm) and different concentrations of peg (2.5, 5, 7.5%) or mannitol (0.25 and 0.5 m) and also subjected to different periods of aerial drying in the laminar flow for one- ...	2005	16121718
structure of aegilops ventricosa chromosome 6nv, the donor of wheat genes yr17, lr37, sr38, and cre5.	an aegilops ventricosa tausch (2n = 28, dvdvnvnv) subtelocentric chromosome added to wheat (triticum aestivum l.) in a disomic addition line was found to carry the genes for resistance yr17, lr37, sr38, and cre5 already transferred onto chromosome 2as of the wheat line vpm1. previous works demonstrated that this ae. ventricosa chromosome is translocated with respect to the standard wheat genome. the present investigations showed that this chromosome pre-existed in ae. ventricosa and contains onl ...	2005	16121250
expression analysis and physical mapping of low-molecular-weight glutenin loci in hexaploid wheat (triticum aestivum l.).	gliadins and glutenins are storage proteins important in determining the bread-, noodle-, and pasta-making quality of wheat. glutenins consist of hmw and lmw subunits. the glu-a3, glu-b3, and glu-d3 loci on the short arms of chromosomes 1a, 1b, and 1d, respectively, are the major loci for lmw glutenins. to construct physical maps of the glu-3 loci, a set of 24 high-density filters representing a 3.1x genome coverage hexaploid wheat bac library was screened by hybridization using a probe made of ...	2005	16121237
genetic variability in triticale x bread wheat derivatives under normal and phosphorus stress regimes.	twenty six hexaploid triticale (x triticosecale wittmack) x bread wheat (triticum aestivum l. em thell) derivatives, along with 2 bread wheat and 2 triticale checks, were grown in normal and p-stress environments. spikes/plant and grain yield/plant, followed by peduncle length, were the most sensitive to phosphorus deficiency, which also caused a delay in heading and maturity. the heritability and genetic advance for grain yield/plant were high in the stress environment, reflecting the effective ...	2005	16114468
genetics of durable resistance to leaf rust and stripe rust of an indian wheat cultivar hd2009.	the indian bread wheat cultivar hd2009 has maintained its partial resistance to leaf rust and stripe rust in india since its release in 1976. to examine the nature, number and mode of inheritance of its genes for partial leaf rust and stripe rust resistance, this cultivar was crossed with cultivar wl711, which is susceptible to leaf rust and stripe rust. the f1, f2, f3 and f5 generations from this cross were assessed separately for adult plant disease severity under artificial epidemic of race 7 ...	2005	16110181
origin, structure, and behavior of a highly rearranged deletion chromosome 1bs-4 in wheat.	wheat (triticum aestivum l.) deletion (del) stocks are valuable tools for the physical mapping of molecular markers and genes to chromosome bins delineated by 2 adjacent deletion breakpoints. the wheat deletion stocks were produced by using gametocidal genes derived from related aegilops species. here, we report on the origin, structure, and behavior of a highly rearranged chromosome 1bs-4. the cytogenetic and molecular marker analyses suggest that 1bs-4 resulted from 2 breakpoints in the 1bs ar ...	2005	16094425
microsatellite markers linked to 2 powdery mildew resistance genes introgressed from triticum carthlicum accession ps5 into common wheat.	two dominant powdery mildew resistance genes introduced from triticum carthlicum accession ps5 to common wheat were identified and tagged using microsatellite markers. the gene designated pmps5a was placed on wheat chromosome 2al and linked to the microsatellite marker xgwm356 at a genetic distance of 10.2 cm. based on the information of its origin, chromosome location, and reactions to 5 powdery mildew isolates, this gene could be a member of the complex pm4 locus. the 2nd gene designated pmps5 ...	2005	16094424
novel puroindoline and grain softness protein alleles in aegilops species with the c, d, s, m and u genomes.	dna from six hexaploid, tetraploid and diploid species of aegilops with the c, d, s, m and u genomes was amplified with specific pcr primers to identify sequences encoding puroindolines (pins) a and b and grain softness protein (gsp), all of which are encoded by genes at the ha (hardness) locus, with ae. tauschii (dd) and bread wheat (t. aestivum) (aabbdd) cv hiline being studied as controls. seven new allelic forms of pin a and pin b were identified, including forms with mutations within or clo ...	2005	16133313
introgression of wheat dna markers from a, b and d genomes in early generation progeny of aegilops cylindrica host x triticum aestivum l. hybrids.	introgression from allohexaploid wheat (triticum aestivum l., aabbdd) to allotetraploid jointed goatgrass (aegilops cylindrica host, ccdd) can take place in areas where the two species grow in sympatry and hybridize. wheat and ae. cylindrica share the d genome, issued from the common diploid ancestor aegilops tauschii coss. it has been proposed that the a and b genome of bread wheat are secure places to insert transgenes to avoid their introgression into ae. cylindrica because during meiosis in ...	2005	16133306
genetic and physiological architecture of early vigor in aegilops tauschii, the d-genome donor of hexaploid wheat. a quantitative trait loci analysis.	plant growth can be studied at different organizational levels, varying from cell, leaf, and shoot to the whole plant. the early growth of seedlings is important for the plant's establishment and its eventual success. wheat (triticum aestivum, genome aabbdd) seedlings exhibit a low early growth rate or early vigor. the germplasm of wheat is limited. wild relatives constitute a source of genetic variation. we explored the physiological and genetic relationships among a range of early vigor traits ...	2005	16183848
assembling complex genotypes to resist fusarium in wheat (triticum aestivum l.).	fusarium head blight of wheat is a major deterrent to wheat production world-wide. the genetics of fhb resistance in wheat are becoming clear and there is a good understanding of the genome location of fhb resistance qtl from different sources such as sumai3, wuhan, nyubai and frontana. all the components needed for assembling complex genotypes through large-scale molecular breeding experiments are now available. this experiment used high throughput microsatellite genotyping and half-seed analys ...	2005	16179996
a 'chinese spring' wheat (triticum aestivum l.) bacterial artificial chromosome library and its use in the isolation of ssr markers for targeted genome regions.	a bacterial artificial chromosome (bac) library was constructed from the bread wheat (triticum aestivum l.) genotype 'chinese spring' ('cs'). the library consists of 395,136 clones with an estimated average insert size of 157 kb. this library provides an estimated 3.4-fold genome coverage for this hexaploid species. the genome coverage was confirmed by rflp analysis of single-copy rflp clones. the cs bac library was used to develop simple sequence repeat (ssr) markers for targeted genome regions ...	2005	16187119
intracellular fitc-derivatization with peg.	in order to investigate the amino acids (aas) in plant cells, we explore an avenue for intracellular derivatization with fitc. in this method, fitc was used to mark aas in living protoplasts derived from embryogenic calli of common wheat (triticum aestivum l. c.v. jinan 177) mediated by peg. after fitc-derivatization, the aas in the lysate were determined by ce. the result reveals that this peg method can be used to transfer fitc into plant cells efficiently, which provides a good method for aa ...	2005	16217827
nsltp1 and nsltp2 isoforms in soft wheat (triticum aestivum cv. centauro) and farro (triticum dicoccon schrank) bran.	isoforms of nonspecific lipid-transfer protein 1 (nsltp1) and nonspecific lipid-transfer protein 2 (nsltp2) were investigated in bran tissues isolated from caryopses of two cereal crops quite relevant for the italian market, the cultivar centauro of soft wheat (triticum aestivum) and italian emmer or farro (triticum dicoccon schrank). by sequential separation of the bran extracts on cation-exchange and gel filtration chromatographies, fractions containing only proteins belonging to the nsltp1 an ...	2005	16190659
n-acylanilines, herbicide-cha chimera, and amino acid analogues as novel chemical hybridizing agents for wheat (triticum aestivum l.).	in the absence of viable alternative technology of hybrid wheat development, chemical induction of male sterility mediated technology based on chemical hybridizing agents (chas) holds a great potential. n-acylaniline derivatives, namely, ethyl 4'-fluoro oxanilate (1) and ethyl 4'-trifluoromethyl oxanilate (2) containing halogen atoms in the para position of the aryl ring and substituted amide linkage (-co-nh-) in the acyl side chain induced >98% spikelet sterility on three genotypes of wheat, na ...	2005	16190648
molecular mapping of a quantitative trait locus for aluminum tolerance in wheat cultivar atlas 66.	genetic improvement of aluminum (al) tolerance is one of the cost-effective solutions to improve wheat (triticum aestivum) productivity in acidic soils. the objectives of the present study were to identify quantitative trait loci (qtl) for al-tolerance and associated pcr-based markers for marker-assisted breeding utilizing cultivar atlas 66. a population of recombinant inbred lines (rils) from the cross atlas 66/century was screened for al-tolerance by measuring root-growth rate during al treatm ...	2005	16189660
production of fertile transgenic wheat plants by laser micropuncture.	a modified, non-damaging, protocol for the production of fertile transgenic wheat (triticum aestivum l. cultivar giza 164) plants by laser micropuncture was developed. the new homemade setup secures the transformation of as many as 60 immature embryo-derived calli (10000 cells each) in less than one hour using a uv excimer laser with two dimensional translation stages, a suitable computer program and a proper optical system. five-day-old calli were irradiated by a focused laser microbeam to punc ...	2005	16189555
comparative analysis of the d genome-encoded high-molecular weight subunits of glutenin.	four genes encoding novel 1dx-type high-molecular weight (hmw) subunits were amplified by polymerase chain reaction, two each from aegilops tauschii and bread wheat triticum aestivum. the two subunits from ae. tauschii (1dx2.1(t) and 1dx2(t)) were both very similar in sequence to subunit 1dx2 from bread wheat. in contrast, the two novel bread wheat subunits (1dx2.2 and 1dx2.2*) differed from subunit 1dx2 in having different internally duplicated regions (of 132 and 186 amino acid, respectively) ...	2005	16177903
microsatellite mapping of a triticum urartu tum. derived powdery mildew resistance gene transferred to common wheat (triticum aestivum l.).	a powdery mildew resistance gene from triticum urartu tum. accession ur206 was successfully transferred into hexaploid wheat (triticum aestivum l.) through crossing and backcrossing. the f1 plants, which had 28 chromosomes and an average of 5.32 bivalents and 17.36 univalents in meiotic pollen mother cells (pmc), were obtained through embryos rescued owing to shriveling of endosperm in hybrid seed of cross chinese spring (cs) x ur206. hybrid seeds were produced through backcrossing f1 with commo ...	2005	16177900
map-based isolation of disease resistance genes from bread wheat: cloning in a supersize genome.	the genome of bread wheat is hexaploid and contains 1.6 x 10 10 bp of dna, of which more than 80% is repetitive sequences. its size and complexity represent a challenge for the isolation of agronomically important genes, for which we frequently know only their position on the genetic map. recently, new genomic resources and databases from genome projects have simplified the molecular analysis of the wheat genome. the first genes to be isolated from wheat by map-based cloning include three resist ...	2005	16174327
differential and coordinated expression of cbf and cor/lea genes during long-term cold acclimation in two wheat cultivars showing distinct levels of freezing tolerance.	the cold acclimation process in plants is primarily regulated through the signal transduction pathways that lead to the induction and enhancement of expression of different sets of cor/lea genes. winter wheat 'mironovskaya 808' (m808) exhibited a much higher level of freezing tolerance than spring wheat 'chinese spring' (cs), and the difference became clearer after the long-term cold acclimation. to understand the molecular basis of this cultivar difference, we isolated two cbf/dreb1 homologs, w ...	2005	16172531
molecular cytogenetic characterization and seed storage protein analysis of 1a/1d translocation lines of durum wheat.	two durum wheat [triticum turgidum l. ssp. durum (desf.) husn.] lines carrying the high-molecular-weight (hmw) glutenin subunits (gs) 1 d x 5 + 1dy10 encoded by glu-d1d, l252 and s99b34, were characterized using fluorescent genomic in-situ hybridization (fgish) and microsatellite markers. these two durum lines were derived from the crosses in which the common wheat (t. aestivum l.) 'len' and durum wheat 'langdon' (ldn) and 'renville' were involved. fgish patterns of the mitotic chromosomes indic ...	2005	16170620
investigation of the response of bread wheat cultivars to salinity by using callus cultures.	in this research, the response of four bread wheat cultivars (bal-atilla, marmara-86, seyhan-95, and panda) to different nacl concentrations (25.6, 51.3, 77.0, 99.4,119.7 mm) were investigated by using callus cultures. in the experiment, callus induction rates (%) and callus weights in solid and liquid ms media, callus weights in liquid ms media with different nacl concentrations and in liquid ms media free nacl concentrations, and callus weights and regeneration rates in ms solid media with nac ...	2005	16161981
[hybrid and monosomic analyses of smoky coloration of the ear in common wheat].	the results of the hybrid and monosomic analyses of smoky ear coloration in the common wheat variety columbina are reported. the character has been found to be monogenic, and its gene has been located to chromosome ids. the smoky ear coloration is determined by an allele of gene rg2 introgressed to wheat from aegilops tauschii.	2005	16161638
allopolyploidy in wheat induces rapid and heritable alterations in dna methylation patterns of cellular genes and mobile elements.	whereas accumulating recent evidences indicate that allopolyploid formation in plants is accompanied by rapid and non-mendelian genomic changes, some other works showed genomic stasis in both nascent and natural allopolyploids. to further study the issue, we performed global dna fingerprinting of a newly synthesized allohexaploid wheat and its natural counterpart, the common wheat, by aflp analysis. it was found that ca. 20% bands showed deviation from parental additivity in both synthetic and t ...	2005	16161630
[genetic control of embryo lethality in crosses between common wheat and rye].	the phenotypic manifestation and genetic control of embryo lethality observed in crosses between common wheat and rye were studied. it was found that crosses between common wheat and inbred self-fertile rye lines l2 and 535 gave rise to ungerminating grains, in which the development and differentiation of the hybrid embryo are arrested. study of the degree of embryo development in the hybrid grains obtained by crossing common wheat varieties with inbred rye lines l2 and 535 showed that genotypes ...	2005	16161628
[grain protein content in wheat: genetics of the character and some predictions for its improvement in common wheat].	the results of studies on genetic control of the grain protein content character in common wheat and the attempts of its improvement using traditional breeding approaches and methods of experimental mutagenesis and introgressive hybridization are presented. the evolution of the views on the genetic structure of the character is considered. possible explanations are given to the fact that the attempts to significantly improve the character in question in common wheat cultivars have failed in spit ...	2005	16161620
microgravity effects on thylakoid, single leaf, and whole canopy photosynthesis of dwarf wheat.	the concept of using higher plants to maintain a sustainable life support system for humans during long-duration space missions is dependent upon photosynthesis. the effects of extended exposure to microgravity on the development and functioning of photosynthesis at the leaf and stand levels were examined onboard the international space station (iss). the pesto (photosynthesis experiment systems testing and operations) experiment was the first long-term replicated test to obtain direct measureme ...	2005	16160842
three-dimensional modelling of wheat endosperm development.	we have developed methods, based on confocal microscopy and three-dimensional (3d) modelling, for the analysis of complex tissues and individual nuclei. these methods were used to study the development of early wheat (triticum aestivum) endosperm as a whole and of endosperm nuclei undergoing polyploidization. fixed sections of immature caryopses were either stained with sytox green or used for fluorescence in situ hybridization (fish) to visualize centromeres, telomeres and a rye chromosome arm ...	2005	16159338
comparative sequence analysis of the phytochrome c gene and its upstream region in allohexaploid wheat reveals new data on the evolution of its three constituent genomes.	bread wheat is an allohexaploid with genome composition aabbdd. phytochrome c is a gene involved in photomorphogenesis that has been used extensively for phylogenetic analyses. in wheat, the phyc genes are single copy in each of the three homoeologous genomes and map to orthologous positions on the long arms of the group 5 chromosomes. comparative sequence analysis of the three homoeologous copies of the wheat phyc gene and of some 5 kb of upstream region has demonstrated a high level of conserv ...	2005	16158239
application of a new ibd-based qtl mapping method to common wheat breeding population: analysis of kernel hardness and dough strength.	mapping quantitative trait loci (qtl) in plants is usually conducted using a population derived from a cross between two inbred lines. the power of such qtl detection and the estimation of the effects highly depend on the choice of the two parental lines. thus, the qtl found represent only a small part of the genetic architecture and can be of limited economical interest in marker-assisted selection. on the other hand, applied breeding programmes evaluate large numbers of progeny derived from mu ...	2005	16142465
[sequence analysis of alpha-amylase inhibitors genes with resistance to insects in wheat and aegilops].	the alpha-amylase inhibitors have been proposed as possibly important weapons against pests. thus, it is of importance to identify the specificity of them. based on the est data of alpha-amylase inhibitor genes that were retrieved from ncbi, bbsrc and graingenes, two pcr primers were designed. the coding sequences of 24 kd dimeric alpha-amylase inhibitors with resistance to insects in 17 wheat and aegilops accessions were investigated and 17 new genes were obtained. only one 24 kd alpha-amylase ...	2005	16285514
variations in a hotspot region of chloroplast dnas among common wheat and aegilops revealed by nucleotide sequence analysis.	the second largest bamhi fragment (b2) of the chloroplast dna in triticum (wheat) and aegilops contains a highly variable region (a hotspot), resulting in four types of b2 of different size, i.e. b2l (10.5kb), b2m (10.2kb), b2 (9.6kb) and b2s (9.4kb). in order to gain a better understanding of the molecular nature of the variations in length and explain unexpected identity among b2 of ae. ovata, ae. speltoides and common wheat (t. aestivum), the nucleotide sequence between a stop codon of rbcl a ...	2005	16284421
cytological characteristics of f2 hybrids between triticum aestivum l. and t. durum desf. with reference to wheat breeding.	cytological and agronomic characteristics of a f2 population from triticum aestivum l. x t. durum desf. hybrids were analyzed plant by plant. means of morphologic traits in the f2 population were similar to those of the low-value parent. on average, f2 hybrids had 36.54 chromosomes per plant, indicating that each gamete lost 2.73 chromosomes at meiosis of the f1 generation. more than half of plants had 36-39 chromosomes, so male gametes with 19-21 chromosomes seemed to be superior to the others. ...	2005	16278508
pstiaflp based markers for leaf rust resistance genes in common wheat.	the aim of the present study was to detect candidate dna markers for selected leaf rust resistance genes. a total number of 286 loci in the 'thatcher' near-isogenic lines carrying resistance gene lr1, lr9, lr10, lr13, lr19, lr21, lr24, lr26, lr28, lr35, and lr37 were screened for dna polymorphism by the pstiaflp method. a survey with 33 selective primers yielded 16 candidate markers. further validation studies on cultivars characterized for the presence and absence of selected resistance genes c ...	2005	16278507
isolation of low-molecular-weight glutenin subunit genes from wild emmer wheat (triticum dicoccoides).	three low-molecular-weight glutenin subunit (lmw-gs) genes, designated lmw-td1, lmw-td2 and lmw-td3, were isolated from wild emmer wheat (triticum dicoccoides), which is the tetraploid progenitor of common wheat (t. aestivum). the complete nucleotide sequence lengths of lmw-td1, lmw-td2 and lmw-td3 are 858, 900 and 1062 bp, respectively. lmw-td1 and lmw-td3 can encode proteins with 284 and 352 amino acid residues, respectively, whereas lmw-td2 is a putative pseudogene due to the presence of 3 in ...	2005	16278506
isolation and characterization of 18 genes encoding alpha- and beta-expansins in wheat (triticum aestivum l.).	expansins are thought to be key regulators of cell wall extension during plant growth. in this study, we isolated 18 expansin genes from wheat, nine of which encode alpha-expansins while the other nine code for beta-expansins. the cysteine-rich and tryptophan-rich regions of the deduced amino acid sequences of all 18 expansins were highly conserved. genomic sequences were obtained for 17 of the genes, and their intron patterns were determined. four (a, c, d, e) of the six intron positions known ...	2005	16270219
dgge fragments oscillate with or counter to fluctuations in cultivable bacteria along wheat roots.	previously, we showed that bacterial populations oscillate in response to a moving substrate source such as a root tip, resulting in moving wavelike distributions along roots. for this article, we investigated if bacterial communities fluctuate as a whole or if there is a succession in bacterial composition from peak to peak or within peaks. rhizosphere microbial communities along roots of wheat triticum aestivum l. were studied in detail (20-25 rhizosphere and bulk soil samples along the total ...	2005	16307384
expression profile of two storage-protein gene families in hexaploid wheat revealed by large-scale analysis of expressed sequence tags.	to discern expression patterns of individual storage-protein genes in hexaploid wheat (triticum aestivum cv chinese spring), we analyzed comprehensive expressed sequence tags (ests) of common wheat using a bioinformatics technique. the gene families for alpha/beta-gliadins and low molecular-weight glutenin subunit were selected from the est database. the alignment of these genes enabled us to trace the single nucleotide polymorphism sites among both genes. the combinations of single nucleotide p ...	2005	16306141
analysis and mapping of randomly chosen bacterial artificial chromosome clones from hexaploid bread wheat.	the current view of wheat genome composition is that genes are compartmentalized into gene-rich and gene-poor regions. this model can be tested by analyzing randomly selected bacterial artificial chromosome (bac) clones for gene content, followed by placement of these bacs onto physical and genetic maps. map localization could be difficult for bacs that consist entirely of repeated elements. we therefore developed a technique where repeat junctions are used to generate unique markers. four bac c ...	2005	16357197
[relationship of microtubule and [ca2+]cyt in wheat mesophyll protoplast].	by using immunofluorescence labeling technique and incubating the fluo-3am of ca2+ fluorescein, wheat (triticum aestivum) cultivars lovrin 10 was selected as mesophyll protoplast material in this paper for studying the relationship between the pattern of microtubule and [ca2+]cyt. laser scanning confocal microscopy(lscm) was used and pharmacologic examination was set. the results indicated there was a connection between calcium signaling and microtubule organization in wheat mesophyll protoplast ...	2005	16231700
an alternative to radiation hybrid mapping for large-scale genome analysis in barley.	the presence of a monosomic gametocidal chromosome (gc) in a barley chromosome addition line of common wheat generates structural aberrations in the barley chromosome as well as in the wheat chromosomes of gametes lacking the gc. a collection of structurally aberrant barley chromosomes is analogous to a panel of radiation hybrid (rh) mapping and is valuable for high-throughput physical mapping. we developed 90 common wheat lines (gc lines) containing aberrant barley 7h chromosomes induced by a g ...	2005	16231150
three genomes differentially contribute to the biosynthesis of benzoxazinones in hexaploid wheat.	hexaploid wheat (triticum aestivum) accumulates benzoxazinones (bxs) as defensive compounds. previously, we found that five bx biosynthetic genes, tabx1-tabx5, are located on each of the three genomes (a, b, and d) of hexaploid wheat. in this study, we isolated three homoeologous cdnas of each tabx gene to estimate the contribution of individual homoeologous tabx genes to the biosynthesis of bxs in hexaploid wheat. we analyzed their transcript levels by homoeolog- or genome-specific quantitative ...	2005	16260753
[effects of environmental factors on cd biotoxicity and phytochelatins production in triticum aestivum].	in this paper, a solution culture experiment was conducted to study the effects of environmental factors on cd biotoxicity and phytochelatins (pcs) production in wheat. the results showed that cd stress had significant inhibitory effects on wheat growth and pcs overproduction. the cd biotoxicity and cd uptake by wheat were affected in varying degrees by soil ph, ca and s, and the levels of pcs production in root were consistent with the changes of cd biotoxicity. furthermore, the cd biotoxicity ...	2005	16252884
isolation and characterization of tadof1 transcription factor in wheat (triticum. aestivum. l).	the dof (dna binding with one finger) proteins are plant specific transcription factors. dof proteins are apparently encoded by a multiple gene family in higher plants. however, only one dof gene, wpbf, was reported in wheat. in this study, a member of dof gene family, tadof1, was cloned from wheat. tadof1 encode 291 amino acids, with a predicted molecular mass of 30.348 kda. at its n-terminal end, a 52 amino acid stretch typical of dof domain and two serine-rich stretches were observed. sequenc ...	2005	16243726
[molecular analysis of the triticale lines with different vrn gene systems using microsatellite markers and hybridization in situ].	hexaploid triticale (x triticosecale wittmack) lines were examined using molecular markers and the hybridization in situ technique. triticale lines were generated based on wheat varieties differing by the vrn gene systems and the earing times. molecular analysis was performed using xgwm and xrms microsatellite markers with the known chromosomal localization in the common wheat triticum aestivum, and rye secale cereale genomes. comparative molecular analysis of triticale lines and their parental ...	2005	16240635
two plant puroindolines colocalize in wheat seed and in vitro synergistically fight against pathogens.	puroindolines, for years largely investigated for their involvement in wheat kernel hardness, have recently attracted attention thanks to their possible role as antimicrobial proteins. with the aim to enhance our knowledge of these proteins we studied their localization in the kernel, and their antimicrobial activity in vitro against six different bacterial strains. immunolocalization showed that both the pins are strongly concentrated in the aleurone layer, but also highly present in the endosp ...	2005	16240178
qtl analysis and comparative genomics of herbage quality traits in perennial ryegrass (lolium perenne l.).	genetic control of herbage quality variation was assessed through the use of the molecular marker-based reference genetic map of perennial ryegrass (lolium perenne l.). the restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp), amplified fragment length polymorphism (aflp) and genomic dna-derived simple sequence repeat-based (ssr) framework marker set was enhanced, with rflp loci corresponding to genes for key enzymes involved in lignin biosynthesis and fructan metabolism. quality traits such as crude ...	2005	15558228
a biocatalyst for the removal of sulfite from alcoholic beverages.	the presence of sulfites in alcoholic beverages, particularly in wines, can cause allergic responses with symptoms ranging from mild gastrointestinal problems to life threatening anaphylactic shock in a substantial portion of the population. we have developed a simple and inexpensive biocatalytic method that employs wheatgrass (triticum aestivum) chloroplasts for the efficient oxidation of sulfites in wines to innocuous sulfates. a sufficiently high rate of sulfite oxidation was obtained in the ...	2005	15540199
effect of salinity on tissue architecture in expanding wheat leaves.	salinity greatly reduces the leaf cross-sectional area of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) during its development, which may lead to variation in the architectural properties of growing leaves that would result in a change in leaf physiological functions. our objective was to characterize the effect of salinity on the spatial distribution of the cross-sectional area and the anatomy of large and small veins of a growing wheat leaf. spring wheat was grown in a growth chamber in soils with or without 1 ...	2005	15503127
agropyron elongatum chromatin localization on the wheat chromosomes in an introgression line.	the introgressed small-chromosome segment of agropyron elongatum (host.) neviski (thinopyrum ponticum podp.) in f5 line ii-1-3 of somatic hybrid between common wheat (triticum aestivum l.) and a. elongatum was localized by sequential fluorescence in situ hybridization (fish), genomic in situ hybridization (gish) and karyotype data. karyotype analysis offered basic data of arm ratios and relative lengths of 21 pairs of chromosomes in parent wheat jinan177 and hybrid ii-1-3. using special high rep ...	2005	15616822
two point mutations identified in emmer wheat generate null wx-a1 alleles.	in this report, the wx-a1 mutations carried by a triticum dicoccoides line from israel and a triticum dicoccum line from yugoslavia are characterized. a single nucleotide insertion in the t. dicoccoides null allele and a single nucleotide deletion in the t. dicoccum null allele each cause frameshift mutations that induce premature termination codons more than 55 nucleotides upstream of the last exon-exon junction. in both mutants, wx-a1 transcripts were detectable in 10 day post-anthesis endospe ...	2005	15592661
ftir imaging of wheat endosperm cell walls in situ reveals compositional and architectural heterogeneity related to grain hardness.	endosperm cell walls of cultivars of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) selected for their endosperm texture (two soft and two hard) were analysed in situ by fourier transform infrared (ftir) microspectroscopy. ftir imaging coupled with statistical analysis was used to map the compositional and structural heterogeneity within transverse sections from which cell contents had been removed by sonication. in the majority of grains analysed, two distinct populations of endosperm cells could be identified b ...	2005	15580525
a reverse genetic, nontransgenic approach to wheat crop improvement by tilling.	we report the use of tilling (targeting induced local lesions in genomes), a reverse genetic, nontransgenic method, to improve a quality trait in a polyploid crop plant. waxy starches, composed mostly of amylopectin, have unique physiochemical properties. wheat with only one or two functional waxy genes (granule-bound starch synthase i, or gbssi) produces starch with intermediate levels of amylopectin. we have identified 246 alleles of the waxy genes by tilling each homoeolog in 1,920 allohexapl ...	2005	15580263
a nearest-neighboring-end algorithm for genetic mapping.	high-throughput methods are beginning to make possible the genotyping of thousands of loci in thousands of individuals, which could be useful for tightly associating phenotypes to candidate loci. current mapping algorithms cannot handle so many data without building hierarchies of framework maps.	2005	15564296
selective transcriptional down-regulation of anther invertases precedes the failure of pollen development in water-stressed wheat.	water deficit during male meiosis in wheat (triticum aestivum l.) causes pollen sterility. with a view to identifying the internal trigger for this failure, it was found that water stress specifically impairs the activities of vacuolar and cell-wall invertases in anthers prior to the arrest of pollen development. the enzymes are affected only when water deficit occurs around meiosis. three invertase cdnas, two encoding the cell-wall (ivr1, ivr3) and one the vacuolar (ivr5) isoform, were isolated ...	2005	15533880
single and joint toxicity of chlorimuron-ethyl, cadmium, and copper acting on wheat triticum aestivum.	investigation of the toxicological effects of some agricultural pollutants on germination rate and on shoot and root elongation of wheat (triticum aestivum) was carried out. seeds of wheat were exposed to various concentrations of chlorimuron-ethyl with or without cadmium and copper addition. the inhibitory rates of seed germination and shoot and root elongation of wheat were calculated. significant linear relationships between the root and shoot elongation and the concentration of chlorimuron-e ...	2005	15546632
a rapid response of beta-amylase to nitric oxide but not gibberellin in wheat seeds during the early stage of germination.	the effects of nitric oxide (no) and gibberellic acid (ga(3)) on the responses of amylases in wheat (triticum aestivum l.) seeds (caryopses) were investigated during the first 12 h of germination. ga(3) had no effects on the activities of alpha-amylase (ec 3.2.1.1) or beta-amylase (ec 3.2.1.2), either in intact seeds or embryoless halves within 12 h. in contrast, addition of sodium nitroprusside (snp), an no donor, was able to induce a rapid increase in beta-amylase activity without affecting al ...	2005	15517355
conserved extracellular cysteine residues and cytoplasmic loop-loop interplay are required for functionality of the heptahelical mlo protein.	we performed a structure-function analysis of the plasma membrane-localized plant-specific barley (hordeum vulgare) mlo (powdery-mildew-resistance gene o) protein. invariant cysteine and proline residues, located either in extracellular loops or transmembrane domains that have been conserved in mlo proteins for more than 400 million years, were found to be essential for mlo functionality and/or stability. similarly to many metazoan g-protein-coupled receptors known to function as homo- and heter ...	2005	15352871
molecular cytogenetic characterization and disease resistance observation of wheat-dasypyrum breviaristatum partial amphiploid and its derivatives.	a wheat-dasypyrum breviaristatum partial amphiploid and its derivatives were analyzed by molecular cytological observation and tested for disease resistance in order to evaluate the potential use of the d. breviaristatum for wheat improvement. a fertility-improved partial amphiploid, tdh-2, was produced from the selfing population of triticum aestivum cv. chinese spring (cs)-d. breviaristatum amphiploid. based on the results obtained from genomic in situ hybridization (gish) and seed protein ele ...	2005	16970616
[transmission of 5r chromosomes via gametes and its influence on spring bread wheat somatic embryoidogenesis in vitro].	transmission of chromosomes 5r and 5a via gametes and its effect on somatic embryoidogenesis have been studied with the use of the model 5r(5a) substitution line l2837 = l503/secale cereale l., cultivar saratovskaya 5/l503, where l503 is a cultivar of spring bread wheat. it has been found that the frequencies of transmission of univalent chromosomes 5r and 5a determined in experiments on f1 reciprocal hybrids with cultivar saratovskaya 29 do not reflect their frequencies in the self-pollinated o ...	2005	16396451
chromosomal assignment and deletion mapping of barley est markers.	from about 10000 pcr-based est markers of barley we chose 1421 est markers that were demonstrated to be amplified differently by pcr between wheat (triticum aestivum cv. chinese spring) and barley (hordeum vulgare cv. betzes). we assigned them to the seven barley chromosomes (1h to 7h) by pcr analysis using a set of wheat-barley chromosome addition lines. we successfully assigned 701 (49.3%) est markers to the barley chromosomes: 75 to 1h, 127 to 2h, 119 to 3h, 94 to 4h, 108 to 5h, 81 to 6h and ...	2005	16394587
mapping quantitative trait loci controlling agronomic traits in the spring wheat cross rl4452x'ac domain'.	relatively little is known about the genetic control of agronomic traits in common wheat (triticum aestivum l.) compared with traits that follow mendelian segregation patterns. a doubled-haploid population was generated from the cross rl4452x'ac domain' to study the inheritance of the agronomic traits: plant height, time to maturity, lodging, grain yield, test weight, and 1000-grain weight. this cross includes the genetics of 2 western canadian wheat marketing classes. composite interval mapping ...	2005	16391693
molecular characterization and mapping of almt1, the aluminium-tolerance gene of bread wheat (triticum aestivum l.).	the major aluminum (al) tolerance gene in wheat almt1 confers. an al-activated efflux of malate from root apices. we determined the genomic structure of the almt1 gene and found it consists of 6 exons interrupted by 5 introns. sequencing a range of wheat genotypes identified 3 alleles for almt1, 1 of which was identical to the almt1 gene from an aegilops tauschii accession. the almt1 gene was mapped to chromosome 4dl using 'chinese spring' deletion lines, and loss of almt1 coincided with the los ...	2005	16391684
heteroplasmy and paternally oriented shift of the organellar dna composition in barley-wheat hybrids during backcrosses with wheat parents.	mitochondrial (mt) and chloroplast (ct) genome inheritance was studied in barley-wheat hybrids, as were their progenies obtained from backcrosses with different common wheat cultivars, by monitoring the composition of 4 mtdna (coxi, a 5'-flanking region of cob, nad3-orf156, and 5'-upstream region of 18s/5s) and 2 ctdna (simple-sequence repeat locus downstream of trns and a 3'-flanking region of rbcl) loci. in male sterile f1 and bc1 plants, maternal barley mtdna fragments were mainly detected an ...	2005	16391682
the efficacy of cot-based gene enrichment in wheat (triticum aestivum l.).	we report the results of a study on the effectiveness of cot filtration (cf) in the characterization of the gene space of bread wheat (triticum aestivum l.), a large genome species (1c = 16,700 mb) of tremendous agronomic importance. using published cot data as a guide, 2 genomic libraries for hexaploid wheat were constructed from the single-stranded dna collected at cot values > 1188 and 1639 m x s. compared with sequences from a whole genome shotgun library from aegilops tauschii (the d genome ...	2005	16391681
molecular cytogenetic characterization of aegilops biuncialis and its use for the identification of 5 derived wheat-aegilops biuncialis disomic addition lines.	the aim of the experiments was to produce and identify different triticum aestivum-aegilops biuncialis disomic addition lines. to facilitate the exact identification of the ae. biuncialis chromosomes in these triticum aestivum-ae. biuncialis disomic additions, it was necessary to analyze the fluorescence in situ hybridization (fish) pattern of ae. biuncialis (2n = 4x = 28, u(b)u(b)m(b)m(b)), comparing it with the diploid progenitors (aegilops umbellulata, 2n = 2x = 14, uu and aegilops comosa, 2n ...	2005	16391676
transferability of wheat microsatellites to diploid aegilops species and determination of chromosomal localizations of microsatellites in the s genome.	overall, 253 genomic wheat (triticum aestivum) microsatellite markers were studied for their transferability to the diploid species aegilops speltoides, aegilops longissima, and aegilops searsii, representing the s genome. in total, 88% of all the analyzed primer pairs of markers derived from the b genome of hexaploid wheat amplified dna fragments in the genomes of the studied species. the transferability of simple sequence repeat (ssr) markers of the t. aestivum a and d genomes totaled 74%. tri ...	2005	16391665
[genetic analysis of anthocyanin of the anthers and culm pigmentation in common wheat].	anthocyanin pigmentation of various organs develops during plant ontogeny in response to adverse and damaging abiotic and biotic stressors (environmental factors). using the monosome method, the genes responsible for anther and culm anthocyanin pigmentation (pan1 and pc2, respectively) were localized to 7d chromosome in introgressive lines from crosses between common wheat triticum aestivum l. and the species triticum timopheevii zhuk. genetic analysis of ten common wheat genotypes using testers ...	2005	16316016
alien dna introgression and wheat dna rearrangements in a stable wheat line derived from the early generation of distant hybridization.	polyploidy has been found to be common in plants. bread or common wheat (triticum aestivum l., 2n=42) is a good example of allopolyploid made up of three diploid genomes a, b and d. in recent years, by the study of mimicking the origination of common wheat, it was found that changes of dna sequence and gene expression occurred at the early stages of artificial allohexaploid between tetraploid wheat and aegilops tauschii, which was probably favorable to genetic diploidization of new synthetic hex ...	2005	16315593
heavy metal uptake, translocation, and bioaccumulation studies of triticum aestivum cultivated in contaminated dredged materials.	phytoremediation is a technology that uses vegetation to remediate contaminants from water, soil, and sediments. unlike traditional remediation techniques such as soil washing or vitrification, phytoremediation offers a technology that is solar-driven, aesthetically pleasing, and cost effective. recent studies indicate that winter wheat (triticum aestivum l.) is a potential accumulator for heavy metals such as lead (pb) and cadmium (cd) in hydroponic systems. based on these findings, a laborator ...	2005	16705830
[the effect of phkl gene on homoeologous pairing of wheat-alien hybrids is situated between gene mutants of ph1 and ph2].	in natural populations of common wheat landrace, there has a phkl gene promoting homoeologous pairing of wheat-alien hybrids. in this study, the effects were compared among phkl, ph1b, ph2a and ph2b on homoeologous pairing of wheat-alien hybrids. the effects were indicated as ph1b > phkl > ph2b > ph2a, i. e. phkl gene was situated between gene mutants of ph1 and ph2.	2005	16378942
cytoskeleton reorganization and ultrastructural damage induced by gliadin in a three-dimensional in vitro model.	to evaluate the interplay between gliadin and lovo cells and the direct effect of gliadin on cytoskeletal patterns.	2005	16437684
use of flyash and biogas slurry for improving wheat yield and physical properties of soil.	this study explores the potential use of by-products of energy production, i.e., (i) flyash from coal-powered electricity generation and (ii) biogas slurry from agricultural waste treatment, as nutrient sources in agriculture. these residues are available in large amounts and their disposal is a major concern for the environment. as both residues contain considerable amounts of plant nutrients, their use as soil amendment may offer a promising win-win opportunity to improve crop production and, ...	2005	16418901
proteomic analysis of aneuploid lines in the homeologous group 1 of the hexaploid wheat cultivar courtot.	three monosomic lines (msls) and three nullisomic lines (nsls) of the homeologous group 1 and one euploid line of the bread wheat triticum aestivum cultivar courtot were used in a proteomic approach to investigate the effects of zero, one or two doses of chromosomes 1a, 1b and 1d on the amount of endosperm proteins. polypeptides whose amounts changed significantly between each aneuploid line and the euploid line were identified using image analyses of two-dimensional gel electrophoresis patterns ...	2004	15352243
[mechanisms of protective action of wheat germ agglutinin on cell growth in wheat seedling roots under salinity].	effects of 20 nm wheat germ agglutinin (wga) on relative growth rate, mitotic index (mi) and the cell area in the root extension zone were investigated in seedling of triticum aestivum l. under the influence of 2% nacl. it was elucidated that pretreatment of wheat seedling with wga prevented a salinity induced inhibition of root cell growth, and accelerated the restoration of cell growth after stress removal. the protective wga effect on root cell growth may be due, presumably, to reorganization ...	2004	15346789
dissecting large and complex genomes: flow sorting and bac cloning of individual chromosomes from bread wheat.	the analysis of the complex genome of common wheat (triticum aestivum, 2n = 6x = 42, genome formula aabbdd) is hampered by its large size ( approximately 17 000 mbp) and allohexaploid nature. in order to simplify its analysis, we developed a generic strategy for dissecting such large and complex genomes into individual chromosomes. chromosome 3b was successfully sorted by flow cytometry and cloned into a bacterial artificial chromosome (bac), using only 1.8 million chromosomes and an adapted pro ...	2004	15341637
dissemination of the highly expressed bx7 glutenin subunit (glu-b1al allele) in wheat as revealed by novel pcr markers and rp-hplc.	increased expression of the high molecular weight glutenin subunit (hmw-gs) bx7 is associated with improved dough strength of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) flour. several cultivars and landraces of widely different genetic backgrounds from around the world have now been found to contain this so-called 'over-expressing' allelic form of the bx7 subunit encoded by glu-b1al. using three methods of identification, sds-page, rp-hplc and pcr marker analysis, as well as pedigree information, we have trac ...	2004	15340686