Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| sub-specific differentiation of intestinal spirochaete isolates by macrorestriction fragment profiling. | macrorestriction fragment profile analysis by pfge was used to distinguish intestinal spirochaetes, some of which were isolated from cases of swine dysentery and intestinal spirochaetosis in humans, pigs, mice, chickens and dogs. macrorestriction fragment profiles using smai and sacii restriction enzymes were produced and used in statistical analysis. this permitted the division of the isolates into two major clusters. one cluster contained isolates which were identified as serpulina pilosicoli ... | 1997 | 9308176 |
| colonic spirochetal infections in nonhuman primates that were associated with brachyspira aalborgi, serpulina pilosicoli, and unclassified flagellated bacteria. | 1997 | 9310673 | |
| induction of gross and microscopic lesions of porcine proliferative enteritis by lawsonia intracellularis. | to evaluate experimental induction of porcine proliferative enteritis (ppe), using cell cultured lawsonia intracellularis (ileal symbiont intracellularis), and to determine whether dexamethasone administration or age of the host or both affects susceptibility to l intracellularis infection. | 1997 | 9328666 |
| recognition of two new species of intestinal spirochetes: serpulina intermedia sp. nov. and serpulina murdochii sp. nov. | on the basis of dna-dna hybridization data, nine intestinal spirochete strains were grouped into five genospecies. three of these genospecies were previously recognized serpulina species, serpulina hyodysenteriae (type strain, b78), serpulina innocens (type strain, b256), and serpulina pilosicoli (type strain, p43/6/78; previously "anguillina coli"). the other two genospecies were found to be new serpulina species, for which we propose the names serpulina intermedia sp. nov. (with type strain pw ... | 1997 | 9336899 |
| analysis of the lytic activity of the serpulina hyodysenteriae hemolysin. | the hemolysins of serpulina hyodysenteriae are active at 27 to 40 degrees c and ph 3 to 9 and are unaffected by enzymatic inhibitors. pore formation was demonstrated by the inhibition of hemolysis with molecules of 2.0 to 2.3 nm in diameter and the release of 86rubidium from erythrocytes without hemoglobin release after exposure to native hemolysin. | 1997 | 9353080 |
| evidence for serpulina hyodysenteriae being recombinant, with an epidemic population structure. | the population structure of serpulina hyodysenteriae was investigated using multilocus enzyme electrophoresis. a total of 231 isolates were divided into 50 electrophoretic types (ets), with a mean genetic diversity of 0.29 for the number of ets and 0.23 for the number of isolates. subsets of isolates from two australian states (71 isolates from victoria and 68 isolates from queensland) exhibited as much genetic variation as the entire collection. the calculated index of association (ia) for the ... | 1997 | 9353937 |
| specific detection of serpulina hyodysenteriae and potentially pathogenic weakly beta-haemolytic porcine intestinal spirochetes by polymerase chain reaction targeting 23s rdna. | a 2470-bp section of the 23s ribosomal dna from serpulina hyodysenteriae and five biochemically different groups of weakly beta-haemolytic porcine intestinal serpulina strains was sequenced. the similarity between the sequenced strains was high (96.85% to 99.84%). a phylogenetic tree was estimated by the maximum likelihood method. the sequenced strains formed three groups. serpulina hyodysenteriae and biochemical group ii ('s. intermedius') formed a cluster, but 20 nucleotide positions were diff ... | 1997 | 9375296 |
| restriction fragment length polymorphism of the periplasmic flagellar flaa1 gene of serpulina species. | forty-one reference and field isolates of intestinal spirochetes representing serpulina hyodysenteriae, serpulina innocens, serpulina pilosicoli, brachyspira aalborgi, and nonclassified weakly beta-hemolytic intestinal spirochetes were compared by restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) of the periplasmic flagellar (pf) flaa1 gene. six genetically distinct groups (i through vi), each with a unique rflp fingerprint pattern, were identified by southern blotting analysis of ecorv chromosoma ... | 1997 | 9384289 |
| experimental infection of c3h mice with avian, porcine, or human isolates of serpulina pilosicoli. | c3h/hej (lps(d)/lps(d)) and c3h/heouj (lps(n)/lps(n)) mice were infected via gastric intubation with avian, porcine, or human isolates of weakly hemolytic spirochetes classified as serpulina pilosicoli. upon histopathological examination of cecal tissue from mice infected with avian or porcine isolates, colonization of spirochetes attached end-on to the apical surface of enterocytes was observed. there were no apparent differences in severity of cecal lesions between the lipopolysaccharide (lps) ... | 1997 | 9393839 |
| [toxicity of the combination of salinomycin and tiamulin in swine]. | the toxicity of the combination of salinomycin (sal.) and tiamulin (tia.) was investigated in dependence upon dosage and feeding method. in addition the efficacy of a safe dose for prophylactic treatment of dysentery was controlled. following feed medications were tested for toxic effects in pigs: a) 3 mg sal. + 5 mg tia./kg bw, b) 3 mg sal. + 3 mg tia./kg bw, c) 3 mg sal. + 1 mg tia./kg bw, d) 3 mg sal./kg bw, e) 10 mg tia./kg bw, f) 30 mg tia./kg bw. the daily dose was given for 2 weeks by res ... | 1997 | 9410734 |
| pigs experimentally infected with serpulina hyodysenteriae can be protected from developing swine dysentery by feeding them a highly digestible diet. | weaner pigs (n = 72) were fed 1 of 4 diets. these were based on either cooked rice and animal protein, cooked rice and lupin, wheat and lupin, or wheat and animal protein. twenty-six of the pigs were slaughtered after 1 month. those fed the highly digestible cooked rice and animal protein diet had drier colonic contents and faeces, lighter large intestines, and the contents of their large intestines had increased ph values and decreased total vfa concentrations. the other 46 were orally challeng ... | 1996 | 8620913 |
| sensitivity of strains of serpulina hyodysenteriae isolated in hungary to chemotherapeutic drugs. | the sensitivity of 332 strains of serpulina hyodysenteriae isolated in hungary between 1978 and 1992 was tested against seven chemotherapeutic drugs frequently used for the treatment of swine dysentery, and the changes in the patterns of resistance were also monitored. all the strains remained sensitive to carbadox, with minimum inhibitory concentrations (mic) of only 0.05 to 0.40 microgram/ml at present. the susceptibility of the strains to dimetridazole has gradually decreased, but about half ... | 1996 | 8677605 |
| identification and characterization of genus-specific epitopes of serpulina species using monoclonal antibodies. | four murine monoclonal antibodies (mabs) designated as c9e8, a10, g12, and g8 which recognized both serpulina hyodysenteriae and s. innocens were produced and characterized. the mabs reacted with whole cell antigens in elisa, indirect immunofluorescence and immunoblot assays. the mabs did not show any cross reactivity in rapid dot elisa or immunoblot assay with leptospira icterohemorrhagiae, campylobacter jejuni and escherichia coli. treatment of whole cell suspension with proteinase k and sodiu ... | 1996 | 8701579 |
| sensitivity of serpulina hyodysenteriae to tiamulin in the uk. | 1996 | 8711890 | |
| prevalence of serpulina species in relation to diarrhea and feed medication in pig-rearing herds in sweden. | to determine prevalence of various pheno- and genotypes of serpulina sp in young pigs in relation to diarrhea and feed medication in swedish pig-rearing herds. | 1996 | 8725804 |
| comparison of elisa and selective culture in the diagnosis of swine dysentery in thailand. | 1996 | 8730676 | |
| intestinal spirochetosis: first cases reported in brazil and the use of immunohistochemistry as an aid in histopathological diagnosis. | colonization of the colon and rectum by intestinal spirochetes is detected for the first time in brazil in 4 of 282 (1.41%) patients who had undergone sigmoidoscopy and/or colonoscopy with a histopathological diagnosis of chronic non specific-colitis. this frequency is probably underestimated, since surgically obtained specimens were not considered in the present study. histopathological diagnosis was performed using routine stains like hematoxylin-eosin which showed the typical, of 3-microns th ... | 1996 | 8762639 |
| the phylogeny of intestinal porcine spirochetes (serpulina species) based on sequence analysis of the 16s rrna gene. | four type or reference strains and twenty-two field strains of intestinal spirochetes isolated from swedish pig herds were subjected to phylogenetic analysis based on 16s rrna sequences. almost complete (>95%) 16s rrna sequences were obtained by solid-phase dna sequencing of in vitro-amplified rrna genes. the genotypic patterns were compared with a previously proposed biochemical classification scheme, comprising beta-hemolysis, indole production, hippurate hydrolysis, and alpha-galactosidase, a ... | 1996 | 8763948 |
| pulsed-field gel electrophoresis for sub-specific differentiation of serpulina pilosicoli (formerly 'anguillina coli'). | pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge) was developed for subspecific differentiation of serpulina pilosicoli, and was applied to 52 isolates recovered from cases of intestinal spirochaetosis (is) in pigs, dogs, human beings and various avian species. the technique was highly sensitive, differentiating the isolates into 40 groupings. only six groups contained more than one isolate; in five of these groups isolates with the same banding pattern were either from pigs in the same herds (four groups ... | 1996 | 8764512 |
| cell membrane permeability and mitochondrial dysfunction-inducing activities in cell-free supernatants from serpulina hyodysenteriae serotypes 1 and 2. | membrane permeability (mp) and mitochondrial dysfunction-inducing (mdi) activities were detected in cell-free supernatants (cfs) of serpulina hyodysenteriae, using either hemoglobin release from porcine red blood cells (rbc) or cytoplasmic lactate dehydrogenase release from porcine peripheral blood lymphocytes (pbl), and reduction of the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazoyl-2-y1)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide dye by porcine pbl. the mp and mdi activities of cfs correlated with each other for serotype 1 and ... | 1996 | 8800549 |
| phenotypic characteristics of serpulina pilosicoli the agent of intestinal spirochaetosis. | the phenotypic characteristics of three serpulina pilosicoli strains isolated from humans with diarrhoea (wesb, kar, hrm7) and two porcine s. pilosicoli strains isolated from pigs with intestinal spirochaetosis (1648, 3295), were compared with the type strain of the species p43/6/78t (t = type strain) and other intestinal spirochaetes within the genus serpulina. all s. pilosicoli strains had a characteristic ultrastructural appearance, displayed similar growth rates, hydrolysed hippurate, lacked ... | 1996 | 8810504 |
| development of an experimental model allowing discrimination between virulent and avirulent isolates of serpulina (treponema) hyodysenteriae. | variation in virulence among different strains of serpulina hyodysenteriae was studied by oral inoculation of specific pathogen free piglets and cd-1 mice. piglets infected with serotype 2 reference strain b204 and an untypable field strain lhv-90-9-i had severe diarrhea tainted intermittently with mucus and fresh blood. the piglets inoculated with b169, b8044, b6933, and ack300-8 reference strains representing serotypes 3, 5, 6, and 7 respectively developed moderate diarrhea. however, reference ... | 1996 | 8825993 |
| motility and chemotaxis in serpulina hyodysenteriae. | chemotactic- or motility-regulated mucus association appears to be the predominant mechanism of mucosal association by the causative agent of swine dysentery, serpulina hyodysenteriae. in the present study, a modification of the adler capillary assay was used to evaluate the chemotactic responses of s. hyodysenteriae to a variety of potential stimuli. first, however, it became necessary to study factors that influenced motility of the spirochete in vitro, since standard cultivation methods produ ... | 1996 | 8861640 |
| differentiation of intestinal spirochaetes by multilocus enzyme electrophoresis analysis and 16s rrna sequence comparisons. | multilocus enzyme electrophoresis (mee) analysis and comparisons of nearly complete 16s rrna gene sequences (1416 nucleotide positions) were used to evaluate phylogenetic relationships among serpulina hyodysenteriae strain b78t, s. innocens strain b256t, brachyspira aalborgi strain 513at, and eight uncharacterised strains of swine, avian, and human intestinal spirochaetes. from mee analysis, nine strains could be assigned to five groups containing other intestinal spirochaetes (genetic distances ... | 1996 | 8869502 |
| production and characterisation of a monoclonal antibody to serpulina hyodysenteriae. | a monoclonal antibody (mab) directed against serpulina hyodysenteriae, the causative agent of swine dysentery, was produced and characterised. the mab (bjl/sh1) reacted in western blots with a protein with a molecular mass of about 30 kda in outer membrane preparations from a range of s. hyodysenteriae isolates of different serotypes. it did not react with preparations made from a variety of non-s. hyodysenteriae intestinal spirochaetes. immunogold labelling was used to confirm the location of t ... | 1996 | 8869504 |
| light microscopic and ultrastructural changes in the ceca of chicks inoculated with human and canine serpulina pilosicoli. | light microscopic and ultrastructural changes were observed in chicks challenged with north american serpulina pilosicoli, a weakly beta-hemolytic intestinal spirochete (wbhis) associated with human and canine intestinal spirochetosis. chicks in control groups received trypticase soy broth or canine serpulina innocens. the birds were necropsied at weekly intervals, and the ceca were processed for bacteriologic and pathologic examinations. no wbhis were isolated from the ceca of chicks in the con ... | 1996 | 8885181 |
| experimental infection of newly weaned pigs with human and porcine strains of serpulina pilosicoli. | cultures of serpulina pilosicoli 95/1000, isolated from a pig with porcine intestinal spirochetosis (pis), and s. pilosicoli wesb, isolated from an aboriginal child with diarrhea, were used to infect 5-week-old newly weaned pigs. four of 12 pigs infected with strain 95/1000 and 2 of 12 pigs infected with strain wesb became colonized and developed watery, mucoid diarrhea within 2 to 11 days postinfection. affected pigs all had moderate subacute mucosal colitis, with gross and histological changes ... | 1996 | 8890220 |
| invasive intestinal spirochetosis: a report of three cases. | we here report on three patients with gastrointestinal symptoms in whom spirochetes were found in colonic biopsies. the patients, heterosexual adults, were not immunocompromised. electron microscopy was performed on colonic biopsies from each of the three patients. apart from the basophilic band consisting of spirochetes, the mucosa was normal in two patients on light microscopy and showed mild inflammation in the other one. however on electron microscopy there was invasion of the colonic epithe ... | 1996 | 8912364 |
| the incidence of swine dysentery in pigs can be reduced by feeding diets that limit the amount of fermentable substrate entering the large intestine. | two experiments were conducted to test the hypothesis that feeding diets which limit the amount of fermentable substrate entering the large intestine would protect pigs against experimental infection with serpulina hyodysenteriae, the causative agent of swine dysentery. experiment 1 examined the effect of grain processing (hammer milling vs. steam flaking) and grain type (barley, groats, corn, sorghum and wheat) on indices of fermentation in the large intestine and the incidence of swine dysente ... | 1996 | 8914966 |
| dual flaa1 flab1 mutant of serpulina hyodysenteriae expressing periplasmic flagella is severely attenuated in a murine model of swine dysentery. | the motility imparted by the periplasmic flagella (pf) of serpulina hyodysenteriae is thought to play a pivotal role in the enteropathogenicity of this spirochete. the complex pf are composed of multiple class a and class b polypeptides. isogenic strains containing specifically disrupted flaal or flab1 alleles remain capable of expressing pf, although such mutants display aberrant motility in vitro. to further examine the role that these proteins play in the maintenance of periplasmic flagellar ... | 1996 | 8926083 |
| induction of interleukin (il)-1beta and il-8 mrna expression in porcine macrophages by lipopolysaccharide from serpulina hyodysenteriae. | lipopolysaccharide (lps) is a classic inducer of inflammatory cytokines and is a key virulence factor for most gram-negative pathogens. the effect of phenol-water (lps) and butanol-water (endotoxin) extracts from serpulina hyodysenteriae on inflammatory cytokine mrna expression from porcine alveolar macrophages was investigated. the lps and endotoxin extracts from s. hyodysenteriae induced a dose-dependent expression of interleukin 1beta (il-1beta) and il-8 which was weak compared with the respo ... | 1996 | 8926114 |
| enhanced isolation of serpulina hyodysenteriae by using sliced agar media. | a method has been developed for separating serpulina hyodysenteriae, a large spirochete and the causative agent of swine dysentery (sd), from other fecal anaerobic bacteria in rectal and colonic swabs. this was done by cutting the blood agar in parallel cuts and streaking perpendicular to the cuts in the center of the petri dish. migration of s. hyodysenteriae from the central streak was apparent by the presence of strong beta-hemolysis along the edges of the cuts. if only s. hyodysenteriae migr ... | 1996 | 8940426 |
| rapid identification of porcine serpulina species by colony blot assay using a genus-specific monoclonal antibody. | an immunoglobulin g monoclonal antibody (mab c9e8) recognising a genus-specific epitope on the 26 kda protein of porcine serpulina species organisms was used in a simple colony blot assay to detect serpulina in cultures grown directly on blood agar plates from pig faeces and tissues. the mab detected even a few colonies of the organism in the presence of an abundant growth of non-serpulina organisms. the whole procedure was completed in less than three hours. a total of 123 strains of s hyodysen ... | 1996 | 8961523 |
| identification of the swine pathogen serpulina hyodysenteriae in rheas (rhea americana). | recently intestinal spirochetes were isolated from rheas in ohio and iowa with a necrotizing typhlocolitis. these intestinal spirochetes, strains r1 and niv-1, were characterized and compared with other intestinal spirochetes, including strains of s. hyodysenteriae. both rhea spirochetes were indole positive, strongly beta-hemolytic, grew under a 1% o2:99% n2 atmosphere, and were morphologically similar to spirochetes in the genus serpulina. analysis of rrna gene restriction patterns (ribotypes) ... | 1996 | 8972051 |
| genetic relatedness amongst intestinal spirochaetes isolated from rats and birds. | multilocus enzyme electrophoresis was used to determine genetic relationships amongst 32 intestinal spirochaetes (serpulina spp.) isolated from rats (17), rheas (7), chickens, (4), ducks (2), a swan (1) and a flamingo (1). the strains were divided into 20 electrophoretic types (ets), with a mean genetic diversity per locus of 0.62. the results were compared with those previously published for porcine intestinal spirochaetes. one strain from a healthy rat, and three rhea strains which were recove ... | 1996 | 8987903 |
| the prevalence of intestinal spirochaetes in dogs. | 1996 | 9006869 | |
| [a case of hemorrhagic rectocolitis associated with the presence of intestinal spirochetes]. | we report a case of a girl of 14 years old who developed a rapidly fatal chronic hemorrhagic rectocolitis. several colonic biopsy specimens were studied by using the vago stain. they showed many spirochetes attached end-to-end to the colonic epithelium. while the demonstration of a causal relationship between the intestinal symptoms and the presence of these spirochetes warrants further studies, the present observation outlines the need of researching this type of microorganisms through stains s ... | 1996 | 9053052 |
| characterization of serpulina hyodysenteriae isolates of serotypes 8 and 9 by random amplification of polymorphic dna analysis. | a pcr-based dna fingerprinting method termed rapd (random amplification of polymorphic dna), or ap-pcr (for arbitrary primed pcr) was used to detect sequence diversity among reference strains and isolates of serpulina hyodysenteriae. rapd fingerprinting of 20 s. hyodysenteriae isolates of serotypes 8 or 9 from quebec was generated with 2 different 10-base primers used independently. reference strains and field isolates belonging to serotypes 8 or 9 revealed polymorphisms in rapd fingerprints wit ... | 1996 | 9054126 |
| serpulina pilosicoli sp. nov., the agent of porcine intestinal spirochetosis. | phenotypic and genetic traits of porcine intestinal spirochete strain p43/6/78t (= atcc 51139t) (t = type strain), which is pathogenic and weakly beta-hemolytic, were determined in order to confirm the taxonomic position of this organism and its relationships to previously described species of intestinal spirochetes. in bhis broth, p43/6/78t cells had a doubling time of 1 to 2 h and grew to a maximum cell density of 2 x 10(9) cells per ml at 37 to 42 degrees c. they hydrolyzed hippurate, utilize ... | 1996 | 8573497 |
| mitomycin c induction of bacteriophages from serpulina hyodysenteriae and serpulina innocens. | a prophage was induced from cells of the pathogenic spirochaete serpulina hyodysenteriae using mitomycin c. five to seven hours after mitomycin c was added (8 micrograms/ml, final concentration) to s. hyodysenteriae b204 cultures in bhis broth (od620 = 0.9) cell lysis was detected as a decrease in culture optical density. bacteriophage particles attached to whole cells and to cell debris were detected by electron microscopic analysis of negatively stained (2% pta, ph 7.0) bacteria harvested by c ... | 1995 | 8593962 |
| polymerase chain reaction for identification of human and porcine spirochaetes recovered from cases of intestinal spirochaetosis. | a polymerase chain reaction (pcr) amplification of 16s rdna was developed to identify spirochaetes recovered from cases of intestinal spirochaetosis in humans and pigs; these bacteria belong to a distinct genetic group of spirochaetes, with the proposed name 'anguillina coli'. the pcr incorporated a universal eubacterial 16s rdna sequencing primer (1492r), and a 21-base forward primer designed to include a nucleotide sequence specific for 'a. coli'. the pcr was used to correctly identify dna ext ... | 1995 | 7875570 |
| phenotypical characterisation of intestinal spirochaetes isolated from pigs. | a combined evaluation of the phenotypical properties of five serpulina type or reference strains and 163 swedish isolates of spirochaetes from pigs and two from birds was made. the porcine isolates were collected from herds with a history of dysentery or severe diarrhoea and from herds chosen at random. on the basis of beta-haemolysis, indole production, hippurate hydrolysis, and alpha-galactosidase, alpha-glucosidase and beta-glucosidase activity, the isolates could be divided into four main gr ... | 1995 | 8525077 |
| phylogeny of serpulina based on sequence analyses of the 16s rrna gene and comparison with a scheme involving biochemical classification. | twenty-one putative serpulina strains, representing six proposed biochemical groups, were selected for phylogenetic studies based on 16s rrna sequencing. the biochemical groups were distinguished by the degree of beta-haemolysis, indole production, hippurate hydrolysis and alpha-galactosidase-, and beta-glucosidase activity. the 16s rrna sequences of the u2 to u5 region, including three evolutionarily variable regions, from representatives of each biochemical group were determined by automated s ... | 1995 | 8525085 |
| swine dysentery: more unknown than known. | swine dysentery (sd) is an economically important disease. it is caused by the spirochete serpulina hyodysenteriae. in order to minimize the economic damage of sd, several methods to control this disease are recommended. whereas hygienic measures and use of antimicrobials are actually practised for prevention, detection and exclusion of carriers of s. hyodysenteriae and vaccination against the disease still needs further attention. the last two methods require reliable and sensitive diagnostic t ... | 1995 | 8560732 |
| evaluation of different serological tests for detection of antibodies against serpulina hyodysenteriae in pig sera. | swine dysentery is a mucohemorrhagic diarrheal disease caused by s. hyodysenteriae. the detection of asymptomatic carriers in herds is possible by serological tests. however, cross-reactions between s. hyodysenteriae and s. innocens pose a major problem in serological diagnosis. several serological tests were evaluated for detection of antibodies to s. hyodysenteriae such as: indirect hemagglutination, passive hemolysis, conglutination and microagglutination tests. among the tests used, only the ... | 1995 | 7554822 |
| a monoclonal antibody reacting with the cell envelope of spirochaetes isolated from cases of intestinal spirochaetosis in pigs and humans. | a monoclonal antibody (mab) designed bjl/ac1 was prepared against the cell envelope of an intestinal spirochaete (strain 3295) that was isolated from a pig with intestinal spirochaetosis. the mab reacted with a band of approximately 29 kda in cell envelope preparations from 13 porcine and 11 human spirochaetes isolated from cases of intestinal spirochaetosis, but did not react with preparations made from a range of other intestinal spirochaetes. immunogold labelling demonstrated that the reactiv ... | 1995 | 7557328 |
| production and characterization of monoclonal antibodies specific for lipooligosaccharide of serpulina hyodysenteriae. | serpulina (treponema) hyodysenteriae is the causative agent of swine dysentery, a contagious mucohemorrhagic disease of the colon. diagnosis of swine dysentery is extremely difficult because of the presence of cross-reactive antibodies to the proteins of s. hyodysenteriae and serpulina innocens, a nonpathogenic inhabitant of the porcine large intestine. therefore, monoclonal antibodies (mabs) against the serotype-specific lipooligosaccharide (los) antigens of s. hyodysenteriae were produced to r ... | 1995 | 7559965 |
| certain canine weakly beta-hemolytic intestinal spirochetes are phenotypically and genotypically related to spirochetes associated with human and porcine intestinal spirochetosis. | four canine weakly beta-hemolytic intestinal spirochetes associated with intestinal spirochetosis (is-associated wbhis) were compared with is-associated human and porcine wbhis and the type species for serpulina hyodysenteriae and s. innocens by using phenotypic and genotypic parameters. the is-associated canine, human, and porcine wbhis belonged to a phyletic group distinct from but related to previously described serpulina type species. | 1995 | 7559984 |
| inactivation of serpulina hyodysenteriae flaa1 and flab1 periplasmic flagellar genes by electroporation-mediated allelic exchange. | serpulina hyodysenteriae, the etiologic agent of swine dysentery, contains complex periplasmic flagella which are composed of multiple class a and class b polypeptides. to examine the role these proteins play in flagellar synthesis, structure, and function and to develop strains which may provide insight into the importance of motility in the etiology of this pathogen, we constructed specific periplasmic flagellar mutations in s. hyodysenteriae b204. the cloned flaa1 and flab1 genes were disrupt ... | 1995 | 7592350 |
| dna probe and polymerase chain reaction procedure for the specific detection of serpulina hyodysenteriae. | serpulina (treponema) hyodysenteriae, a gram-negative anaerobic spirochete, is the causative agent of swine dysentery, a mucohaemorrhagic diarrheal disease in which lesions are confined to the large intestine of pigs. a dna probe and polymerase chain reaction (pcr) amplification procedures which are specific, rapid , and sensitive for the detection of s.hyodysenteriae have been developed. clone pf12 from a plasmid library of s.hyodysenteriae b204 genomic dna was identified as a clone specific fo ... | 1995 | 7603470 |
| pathogenicity of human and porcine intestinal spirochetes in one-day-old specific-pathogen-free chicks: an animal model of intestinal spirochetosis. | one-day-old chicks were infected orally with two strains of weakly hemolytic spirochetes isolated from a human and a pig with intestinal spirochetosis. these spirochetosis both colonized birds, attached end-on to their cecal enterocytes, induced watery diarrhea, and significantly depressed growth rates. cultures of serpulina innocens failed to colonize the chicks. | 1995 | 7642310 |
| growth of serpulina (treponema) hyodysenteriae under iron-restricted conditions. | reference strains of serpulina hyodysenteriae expressed at least three iron-regulated proteins with apparent molecular masses of > 200, 134, and 109 kda when grown under iron-restricted conditions. cells of s. hyodysenteriae grown under these conditions also showed increased outer membrane bleb formation when examined by electron microscopy after negative staining. s. hyodysenteriae did not use the 2 most common types of siderophore, namely catechol and hydroxamate. western blotting with serum f ... | 1995 | 7648528 |
| the cytotoxic properties of serpulina hyodysenteriae. | examination of colonic enterocytes inoculate with pure culture of s. hyodysenteriae by phase-contrast microscopy revealed that only few spirochaetes adhere to epithelial cells. s. hyodysenteriae was observed to be highly motile, showed corkscrew-like movement which might suggest that bacteria were trying to penetrate and damaged the host cells. the pattern of motility provide evidence of a chemotaxis. supernatant of s.hyodysenteriae lysate were found to cause cte in cho, vero and pk-15 culture. ... | 1995 | 7660860 |
| expression of the smpa outer membrane lipoprotein of serpulina hyodysenteriae strain p18a in vivo. | an elisa has been developed using a monoclonal antibody (f325 ac4) to the smpa surface lipoprotein of serpulina hyodysenteriae strain p18a when grown in vitro. the lower level of detection of the elisa was approximately 5 x 10(6) spirochaetes/ml when spirochaetes were either resuspended in phosphate buffered saline or in pig faeces. when pigs were challenged with s. hyodysenteriae strain p18a the lipoprotein was detected in the faeces of pigs by elisa when the numbers of spirochaetes excreted wa ... | 1995 | 7667904 |
| serpulina hyodysenteriae challenge of fattening pigs vaccinated with anadjuvanted bivalent bacterin against swine dysentery. | an experimental fattening period was performed with 36 pigs in order to evaluate the safety and efficacy of a bivalent adjuvanted serpulina hyodysenteriae bacterin. the pigs originated from three different farms and were split into six groups. eighteen pigs were vaccinated twice, two weeks apart and the rest served as controls. one unvaccinated pig in each group was inoculated intragastrically with 4 x 10(8) active s. hyodysenteriae spirochaetes, b 78 strain. weight evolution, clinical symptoms, ... | 1995 | 7668035 |
| susceptibility of porcine ileal enterocytes to the cytotoxin of serpulina hyodysenteriae and the resolution of the epithelial lesions: an electron microscopic study. | the cytotoxin from serpulina hyodysenteriae was injected into ileal loops of eight germ-free pigs, and the effects on the villi were observed after 1, 3, and 18 hours of exposure. the mature vacuolated villus enterocytes of the proximal part of the absorptive villi were most susceptible to the lethal effects of the cytotoxin and were extensively exfoliated. the enterocytes at the base of the villi, the goblet cells, and the follicle-associated epithelium of the dome villi, particularly the m cel ... | 1995 | 7725595 |
| effect of terdecamycin on experimentally induced swine dysentery in pigs. | the authors evaluated the effect of terdecamycin, a novel antibiotic, on experimentally induced serpulina (s.) hyodysenteriae infection in pigs. in a prophylactic test, feed containing terdecamycin was fed to pigs for 7 days before inoculation and 21 days after inoculation. dysenteric diarrhea, development of lesions in the large intestinal mucosa and colonization of s. hyodysenteriae in colonic mucosa were completely inhibited by treatment with 5 ppm or 10 ppm terdecamycin. in the therapeutic t ... | 1995 | 7756416 |
| comparative study of the enzyme activities of borrelia burgdorferi and other non-intestinal and intestinal spirochaetes. | comparative analysis of the enzymatic profiles of 58 spirochaetal isolates clearly differentiated borrelias from leptospires, serpulinas and a treponeme. strains of both borrelia burgdorferi and borrelia hermsii characteristically produced significant amounts of leucine arylamidase. this enzyme activity was not unique to borrelias but was also detected amongst pathogenic and non-pathogenic leptospira serovars. this fact, however, did not hamper a correct differentiation of borrelias from these s ... | 1995 | 7760753 |
| intestinal spirochetosis and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome: ultrastructural studies of two cases. | two cases of intestinal spirochetosis (is) with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome are reported. in case 1, a 48-year-old homosexual black man presented with a 1-month history of alternating watery diarrhea and constipation, which dissipated following the removal of two colonic hyperplastic polyps containing is. in case 2, a 26-year-old homosexual black man presented with a 3-month history of persistent bloody diarrhea and was found to have chronic shigellosis and is. pathologic findings of is w ... | 1995 | 7770958 |
| prophylactic effect of dietary zinc in a laboratory mouse model of swine dysentery. | reduced prevalence of diarrhea and mortality has been reported after dietary supplementation with zinc compounds in swine with naturally acquired colibacillosis and those challenge-exposed with serpulina hyodysenteriae; however, the usefulness of this approach for control of enteric diseases of swine remains to be determined. to examine the effect of dietary zinc-containing compounds on the colonization and development of cecal lesions associated with s hyodysenteriae infection, a defined diet a ... | 1995 | 7771701 |
| use of commercial enzyme kits and fatty acid production for the identification of serpulina hyodysenteriae: a potential misdiagnosis. | the accuracy of identification of serpulina hyodysenteriae strains grown in a complex medium was 90% when 2 commercial test kits were used. unlike the other s. hyodysenteriae strains, s. hyodysenteriae strain p35/2 was unusual in being indole negative. the nonpathogenic intestinal spirochete pws/a, which is from a different species, was indole positive and alpha-galactosidase negative. identification of these spirochetes on the basis of these kits alone would have been incorrect. the analysis of ... | 1995 | 7779972 |
| survival of serpulina hyodysenteriae in an effluent lagoon. | to determine the survival of serpulina hyodysenteriae in an infected lagoon that received effluent from a confinement building housing swine dysentery-infected swine. | 1995 | 7493879 |
| production and characterization of monoclonal antibodies against serpulina hyodysenteriae and s. innocens and their use in serotyping. | murine monoclonal antibodies (mabs) directed against serotypes 1, 2, 8, and 9 of serpulina hyodysenteriae and strain b256 of serpulina innocens were produced and characterized. a serological classification of 96 field strains of s. hyodysenteriae and 28 field strains of s. innocens isolated from pigs showing clinical signs of swine dysentery was performed by rapid dot enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) with the mabs. the results indicated that the majority of the field strains of s. hyody ... | 1995 | 7494066 |
| distribution of the smpa gene from serpulina hyodysenteriae among intestinal spirochaetes. | forty intestinal spirochaete strains were investigated for nucleotide sequences related to the smpa locus from serpulina hyodysenteriae by southern hybridization of chromosomal dna using the smpa locus from s. hyodysenteriae strain p18a as a probe and by pcr using primers internal to the smpa gene. the intensity of the hybridization signal at high stringency and positive pcr results suggested that 12 s. hyodysenteriae strains possessed a similar nucleotide sequence. pcr was negative for another ... | 1995 | 7496514 |
| isolation of extracytoplasmic proteins from serpulina hyodysenteriae b204 and molecular cloning of the flab1 gene encoding a 38-kilodalton flagellar protein. | extracytoplasmic proteins were released from serpulina (treponema) hyodysenteriae (strain b204) by treatment of whole cells with a nonionic detergent (tween 20). centrifugation of the tween 20-released proteins at 100,000 x g sedimented 10 major extracytoplasmic proteins with approximate molecular masses of 44, 43.5, 42, 39, 38, 34, 33.5, 33, 31, and 29 kda. treatment of the sedimented fraction with 6 m urea solubilized all of the proteins except the 39-kda protein. peptide sequences were obtain ... | 1995 | 7806350 |
| identification of a new intestinal spirochete with pathogenicity for chickens. | two intestinal spirochete isolates obtained from chickens with diarrhea were examined by electron microscopy, biochemical tests, rrna gene restriction pattern analysis, and multilocus enzyme electrophoresis. one isolate (strain 91-1207/c1) was pathogenicity tested in vivo in chickens. the chicken spirochetes were morphologically indistinguishable from serpulina innocens and serpulina hyodysenteriae and phenotypically similar to s. innocens. however, the chicken spirochetes could be distinguished ... | 1995 | 7822007 |
| serogroups of australian isolates of serpulina hyodysenteriae. | 1994 | 7848186 | |
| bacterial immunogens and protective immunity in swine. | this review provides a limited discussion of antibody-mediated immune responses to bacterial pathogens which cause disease in swine. serum antibody titers or responses have been used to correlate immunization or convalescence with protection from a given disease or infectious agent. though much effort has been devoted to the elucidation of the host's antibody response to bacterial antigens, there are limited examples where an antibody response to a singular antigen has induced protection from di ... | 1994 | 7856042 |
| identification and characterization of serpulina hyodysenteriae by restriction enzyme analysis and southern blot analysis. | chromosomal dna restriction enzyme analysis and southern blot hybridization were used to characterize serpulina hyodysenteriae strains. when chromosomal dnas from selected strains (reference serotypes) of s. hyodysenteriae were digested with the restriction endonuclease sau3a and hybridized with a 1.1-kb s. hyodysenteriae-specific dna probe, a common 3-kb band was always detected in s. hyodysenteriae strains but was absent from serpulina innocens strains. when the chromosomal dna was digested wi ... | 1994 | 7914209 |
| production of an inducible sucrase activity by serpulina hyodysenteriae. | strains of serpulina hyodysenteriae and serpulina innocens produced a cell-associated sucrase activity when grown in a medium containing sucrose. s. hyodysenteriae b204 sucrase activity cleaved sucrose and, to a lesser extent, raffinose and had a ph optimum of 5.7 to 6.2. this is the first report of an inducible enzyme produced by either s. hyodysenteriae or s. innocens. | 1994 | 7944375 |
| antimicrobial susceptibility testing of serpulina hyodysenteriae. | the macrobroth dilution technique was used to test the in-vitro effectiveness of 4 commonly used antimicrobial agents against 23 australian isolates and 7 overseas strains of serpulina hyodysenteriae. minimum inhibitory concentrations and minimum bactericidal concentrations were determined. the growth of 90% of isolates was inhibited by dimetridazole at a concentration of 4 micrograms/ml, and by tiamulin at 8 micrograms/ml. australian isolates resistant to both antimicrobial agents were identifi ... | 1994 | 7945100 |
| characterization of three putative serpulina hyodysenteriae hemolysins. | serpulina hyodysenteriae hemolysin is though to be an important virulence factor in swine dysentery. one gene, tlya, previously called tly, encoding a hemolysin in s. hyodysenteriae strain b204 has been characterized (muir et al. infect immun 1992; 60: 529-35). two other genes of s. hyodysenteria strain b204, designated tlyb and tlyc, encoding hemolytic proteins in escherichia coli strain dh5 alpha were cloned and sequenced. the tlyb and tlyc genes, when expressed in e. coli, encode heat-labile, ... | 1994 | 7968456 |
| analysis of five tylosin biosynthetic genes from the tyllba region of the streptomyces fradiae genome. | the tyllba region of the tylosin biosynthetic gene cluster of streptomyces fradiae contains at least five open reading frames (orfs). orf1 (tyli) encodes a cytochrome p450 and mutations in this gene affect macrolide ring hydroxylation. the product of orf2 (tylb) belongs to a widespread family of proteins whose functions are speculative, although tylb mutants are defective in the biosynthesis or addition of mycaminose during tylosin production. orfs 3 and 4 (tyla1 and tyla2) encode delta tdp-gluc ... | 1994 | 7984112 |
| evaluation of microagglutination test for differentiation between serpulina (treponema) hyodysenteriae and s. innocens and serotyping of s. hyodysenteriae. | swine dysentery is a mucohemorrhagic diarrheal disease caused by the anaerobic spirochete serpulina hyodysenteriae. at present, the serotyping is done by immunodiffusion testing with lipopolysaccharide (lps) extract as antigen and rabbit hyperimmune sera produced against different serotypes of s. hyodysenteriae. since the preparation of lps is time-consuming and requires a large quantity of bacteria, it is desirable to use a serotyping method which does not require the extraction of lps. in the ... | 1994 | 7989552 |
| chemotactic response to mucin by serpulina hyodysenteriae and other porcine spirochetes: potential role in intestinal colonization. | chemotaxis of porcine spirochetes towards a variety of mucins was measured quantitatively by a capillary method. a chemotaxis buffer consisting of 0.01 m potassium phosphate buffer (ph 7.0) and 0.2 mm l-cysteine hydrochloride was necessary for chemotaxis of spirochetes. the optimum incubation time and incubation temperature were 1 h and 40 degrees c, respectively. the mucin concentration also affected the chemotaxis observed, and a concentration of 1% (wt/vol) was near the optimum. virulent serp ... | 1994 | 8063433 |
| rapid detection of serpulina hyodysenteriae in diagnostic specimens by pcr. | a pcr assay for the detection of serpulina hyodysenteriae in diagnostic specimens was developed on the basis of sequence analysis of a recombinant clone designated pred3c6. clone pred3c6, which contained a 2.3-kb dna fragment unique to s. hyodysenteriae, was identified by screening a plasmid library of s. hyodysenteriae isolate b204 genomic dna in escherichia coli by colony immunoblot with the mouse monoclonal antibody 10g6/g10, which was produced against cell-free supernatant antigens from the ... | 1994 | 8077394 |
| physical and genetic map of the serpulina hyodysenteriae b78t chromosome. | a combined physical and genetic map of the serpulina hyodysenteriae b78t genome was constructed by using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and dna blot hybridizations. the s. hyodysenteriae genome is a single circular chromosome about 3.2 mb in size. the physical map of the chromosome was constructed with the restriction enzymes bsshii, eclxi, noti, sali, and smai. the physical map was used to constructed a linkage map for genes encoding rrna, flagellum subunit proteins, dna gyrase, nadh oxidase, ... | 1994 | 8106320 |
| exacerbated onset of dysentery in swine vaccinated with inactivated adjuvanted serpulina hyodysenteriae. | after oral challenge exposure with serpulina hyodysenteriae-infected diced colon, fewer swine vaccinated with an experimental vaccine adjuvanted with mineral oil died (8 of 25 [32%]) than did nonvaccinated controls (6 of 15 [40%]), although the difference was not significant. however, onset and exacerbation of dysentery were accelerated in vaccinated swine because: 5 of the 8 dead vaccinated swine died before any of the nonvaccinates, which was significant (p < 0.01); vaccinated swine that died ... | 1994 | 8141499 |
| genetic characterisation of intestinal spirochaetes and their association with disease. | multilocus enzyme electrophoresis was used to assess genetic relationships amongst 175 isolates of anaerobic intestinal spirochaetes, including 72 isolates from individuals living in different parts of the world, 102 from pigs and one from a dog. amongst porcine isolates belonging to the genus serpulina, a possible new species was identified. all but one of the isolates from man were clustered with the canine isolate and 59 porcine isolates in a distinct group that we have previously called "ang ... | 1994 | 8176724 |
| comparative distribution and taxonomic value of cellular fatty acids in thirty-three genera of anaerobic gram-negative bacilli. | cellular fatty acid profiles were determined for species in 33 genera of anaerobic gram-negative bacilli and were confirmed to be a useful taxonomic tool. most of the genera could be differentiated by visual inspection of their profiles. the three genus pairs that were most difficult to distinguish visually (bacteroides and prevotella, pectinatus and megamonas, and serpulina and bilophila) and the species of these genera were differentiated by the midi (microbial id, inc.) identification system. ... | 1994 | 8186100 |
| reduced virulence of serpulina hyodysenteriae hemolysin-negative mutants in pigs and their potential to protect pigs against challenge with a virulent strain. | the role of the serpulina hyodysenteriae hemolysin encoded by the tlya gene in the pathogenesis of swine dysentery (sd) was studied. tlya mutants of two s. hyodysenteriae strains (b204 and c5) were tested for virulence in pigs. none of the animals developed sd. however, after infection with wild-type strain b204 or c5, the incidence of sd was 100 or 60%, respectively. thus, the tlya-encoded hemolysin of s. hyodysenteriae is an important virulence factor in sd. the potential of these mutants to p ... | 1994 | 8188345 |
| pathogenicity of porcine intestinal spirochetes in gnotobiotic pigs. | twelve intestinal spirochete strains of porcine origin were characterized on the basis of their phenotypic properties, by multilocus enzyme electrophoresis, and by pathogenicity testing in gnotobiotic pigs. the spirochetes used included two strains of serpulina hyodysenteriae (b204 and p18a), two strains of serpulina innocens (b256 and 4/71), one strain from the proposed new genus and species "anguillina coli" (p43/6/78), and seven non-s. hyodysenteriae strains recently isolated from united king ... | 1994 | 8188364 |
| phylogeny of human intestinal spirochaetes inferred from 16s rdna sequence comparisons. | the sequence of 1383 nucleotides of the dna encoding 16s rdna was determined for strains of human intestinal spirochaetes, comprising an unnamed isolate and "brachyspira aalborgi" nctc 11492. a phylogenetic tree was inferred from aligned sequence comparisons between the intestinal spirochaetes, representatives of the spirochaetales and escherichia coli. the type strain of brachyspira aalborgi, though related to the serpulina spp. at approx. 96.5% sequence similarity was distinct and separated fr ... | 1994 | 8200510 |
| effect of divalent cations on hemolysin synthesis by serpulina (treponema) hyodysenteriae: inhibition induced by zinc and copper. | serpulina hyodysenteriae produces an oxygen-stable heat-labile hemolysin that may be an important virulence factor in the pathogenesis of swine dysentery. we examined the effect of ca2+, co2+, cu2+, fe2+, mg2+, mn2+, ni2+, and zn2+ on the hemolytic activity of cell-free supernatant (cfs) from s. hyodysenteriae, isolate b204. cells harvested from late logarithmic phase cultures were incubated in phosphate-buffered saline containing glucose and rna-core (pbs-gr) with or without cations and the hem ... | 1994 | 7801526 |
| morphometric analysis of enteric lesions in c3h/hen mice inoculated with serpulina hyodysenteriae serotypes 2 and 4 with or without oral streptomycin pretreatment. | the segmental distribution and sequential progression and the role of the indigenous bacterial flora in the development of enteric lesions associated with serpulina hyodysenteriae infection in laboratory mice have not been defined. we examined the distribution and sequential morphometric changes in the large intestine of mice orally inoculated with s. hyodysenteriae serotypes 2 and 4. to determine the role of colonization resistance conferred by the indigenous bacterial flora, 40 female c3h/hen ... | 1994 | 7889460 |
| characterization of serpulina hyodysenteriae isolates of serotypes 8 and 9 from quebec by restriction endonuclease fingerprinting and ribotyping. | this study was undertaken to assess the discriminatory value of restriction endonuclease fingerprinting (ref) analysis and ribotyping of 21 serpulina hyodysenteriae isolates of serotypes 8 and 9. for ref analysis, dnas were digested with the bglii restriction enzyme and the resultant fragments were separated by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. for ribotyping, hybridization of bglii genomic fragments with a probe of rrnb operon using an escherichia coli rdna probe was performed on all isolates ... | 1994 | 7534207 |
| comparison of serpulina hyodysenteriae b78, the type strain of the species, with other s. hyodysenteriae strains using enteropathogenicity studies and restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. | the enteropathogenicity of serpulina hyodysenteriae b78, the type strain of the species, was compared with s. hyodysenteriae b204, a known pathogenic strain, in 7 week-old pigs. clinical signs of swine dysentery were observed in 11/18 pigs (61.1%) inoculated with s. hyodysenteriae strain b204. however, in pigs inoculated with s. hyodysenteriae b78, only 1/21 (4.8%) of the pigs became infected. the 21 pigs inoculated with strain b78 included four pigs which received 5-fold higher numbers of s. hy ... | 1993 | 7903832 |
| 16 kda envelope proteins in non-serpulina hyodysenteriae spirochaetes isolated from pigs. | spirochaetes isolated from field samples of diarrhoea, 'colitis' and mucoid diarrhoea from pigs were examined by a series of cultural, biochemical and serological tests. in addition sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis was used to determine whether the organisms possessed a 16 kda protein thought to distinguish serpulina hyodysenteriae from s innocens. spirochaetal isolates which differed culturally and biochemically from s hyodysenteriae were found to possess a 16 kda prot ... | 1993 | 8236639 |
| cross-reactivity between b. burgdorferi and other spirochetes affects specificity of serotests for detection of antibodies to the lyme disease agent in dogs. | western immunoblots, the kinetics-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (kela), and the microagglutination test were used to evaluate cross-reactivity among antibodies to serovars of leptospira interrogans (leptospiral serovars), and b. burgdorferi from naturally infected dogs, and to serpulina (treponema) hyodysenteriae from vaccinated rabbits. whole-cell lysates from borrelia spp., leptospiral serovars, and serpulina spp. were used for sds-page, western blots, and kela. crossreactivity occur ... | 1993 | 8236777 |
| a species-specific periplasmic flagellar protein of serpulina (treponema) hyodysenteriae. | we have previously reported that a 46-kda protein present in an outer membrane protein preparation seemed to be a species-specific antigen of serpulina hyodysenteriae (z. s. li, n. s. jensen, m. bélanger, m.-c. l'espérance, and m. jacques, j. clin. microbiol. 30:2941-2947, 1992). the objective of this study was to further characterize this antigen. a western blot (immunoblot) analysis and immunogold labeling with a monospecific antiserum against this protein confirmed that the protein was presen ... | 1993 | 8253687 |
| identification and partial characterization of a group of weakly beta-hemolytic intestinal spirochetes of swine distinct from serpulina innocens isolate b256. | comparative analyses of a group of 16 weakly beta-hemolytic spirochetes isolated from feces and mucosal scrapings of intestines of swine in the midwestern united states, and eastern canada revealed the existence of a phenotypically and genotypically related group of 7 isolates. although isolates in this group differed from all known reference isolates of intestinal spirochetes of swine, partial similarity was detected with s. joneseae isolate 16, a newly identified weakly beta-hemolytic intestin ... | 1993 | 8296452 |
| the role of hemolysin(s) in the pathogenesis of serpulina hyodysenteriae. | serpulina (treponema) hyodysenteriae, an anaerobic beta hemolytic spirochaete, is the etiologic agent of swine dysentery. not much is known at present about the virulence factors of s. hyodysenteriae. however, the hemolysin production of this bacterium is generally accepted to be a virulence factor. to study the exact role of hemolysin production in the pathogenesis of swine dysentery, the gene encoding a hemolysin, tly, was cloned and its nucleotide sequence determined. after inactivation of th ... | 1993 | 8347935 |
| characterization of two dna probes specific for serpulina hyodysenteriae. | two dna probes, one 1.1- and one 0.75-kb probe, specific for serpulina hyodysenteriae were isolated from a genomic library generated from virulent s. hyodysenteriae 5380. these probes are highly specific and react with all s. hyodysenteriae strains tested. under stringent conditions, the dna probes did not react with the nonpathogenic species serpulina innocens or with other species of enteric bacteria, including escherichia coli. both probes are able to detect s. hyodysenteriae in colony blot h ... | 1993 | 8349750 |
| fermenter cultivation of intestinal spirochaetes. | we cultivated 6 strains of intestinal spirochaetes in a laboratory fermenter under constant conditions (medium, physical-chemical parameters) in a permanent gas flow. it has been possible to demonstrate that the application of the fermenter technique for the cultivation of spirochaetes is a suitable method which can be easily standardized. | 1993 | 8350243 |
| comparison of outer-membrane fractions of serpulina (treponema) hyodysenteriae. | sarkosyl-insoluble fractions (outer-membrane proteins) and endoflagella (ef) fractions of serpulina hyodysenteriae serotypes 1-7 were examined for protein differences using sds-page. both the outer-membrane proteins (omp) and endoflagella were also examined for antigenicity using porcine sera from acutely infected and convalescent swine. seven major staining proteins were resolved in outer-membrane enriched fractions ranging in molecular weight between 42 and 32 kda. a comparison of purified ef ... | 1993 | 8362492 |
| genetic relationships between isolates of serpulina (treponema) hyodysenteriae, and comparison of methods for their subspecific differentiation. | multilocus enzyme electrophoresis (mee) was used to examine the extent of genetic diversity amongst 98 isolates of serpulina (treponema) hyodysenteriae. the species contained four major genetic divisions (a, b, c and d) and 29 electrophoretic types (ets). division d was relatively distinct, being separated from the other three divisions by fixed allelic differences at an average of 6.6 of 15 enzyme loci. electrophoretic differences were compared with results of dna restriction endonuclease analy ... | 1993 | 8383375 |
| molecular analysis of a flagellar core protein gene of serpulina (treponema) hyodysenteriae. | the flab2 gene encoding a protein located in the core of the periplasmic flagella of serpulina hyodysenteriae was cloned and sequenced. the flab2 protein consists of 285 amino acids and has a calculated molecular mass of 31.1 kda. southern blot analysis indicated that at least one, and possibly two genes related to flab2 are present in the genome of s. hyodysenteriae. comparison of the amino acid sequence of flab2 to sequences present in data banks showed significant similarity with the core fla ... | 1993 | 8409912 |
| human intestinal spirochetes are distinct from serpulina hyodysenteriae. | twenty-nine intestinal spirochetes isolated from australian aboriginal children and six strains from italian adults (hrm1, -2, -4, -5, -7, and -14) were genetically examined at 15 enzyme loci by using multilocus enzyme electrophoresis. results were compared with those previously obtained for 188 porcine intestinal spirochetes. dna from human strain hrm7 and porcine strain serpulina hyodysenteriae p18a were also radioactively labeled and hybridized with dna from 12 other human and porcine intesti ... | 1993 | 8417025 |
| molecular cloning, expression, and dna sequence analysis of the gene that encodes the 16-kilodalton outer membrane lipoprotein of serpulina hyodysenteriae. | the gene (smpa) that encodes the 16-kda outer membrane lipoprotein of serpulina hyodysenteriae was cloned in escherichia coli, and its primary structure was determined by nucleotide sequencing. the putative open reading frame encodes a prolipoprotein of 16.8 kda which in its fully acylated and cleaved form is 15.1 kda. analysis of the n-terminal amino acid sequence derived from the dna sequence revealed the presence of a signal sequence and a putative acylation and signal peptidase ii cleavage s ... | 1993 | 8432595 |
| the porcine intestinal spirochaetes: identification of new genetic groups. | the weakly beta-haemolytic isolates were divided into 56 electrophoretic types (ets), contained in three distinct genetic groups (a,b and c). group a corresponded to the genus serpulina, and could be divided into three divisions. it contained 17 weakly haemolytic isolates in divisions b and c, as well as all 98 isolates of s. hyodysenteriae, located in division a. all seven weakly beta-haemolytic isolates that produced indole and had alpha-glucosidase but not alpha-galactosidase activity fell in ... | 1993 | 8460469 |