Publications

infectivity of human coronavirus strain 229e.	the replication of human coronavirus strain 229e was observed by using indirect immunofluorescence in infected monolayers of mrc continuous cells. by 8 h after infection, bright cytoplasmic fluorescence was detected in cells infected with human coronavirus 229e. discrete foci of infection were observed from 8 to 16 h after infection in cells infected with high dilutions of human coronavirus 229e; each fluorescent focus corresponded to a single virus infection. a fluorescent focus assay is descri ...	1980	7012180
the polypeptides of human and mouse coronaviruses. brief report.	the polypeptide compositions of two coronaviruses, human coronavirus strain 229e (hcv229e) and mouse hepatitis virus strain 3 (mhv3), were characterised on polyacrylamide gels. similar polypeptide patterns were observed for both viruses consisting of large surface projection glycopolypeptides of mol. wt. 160,000 and 105,000 for hcv229e, and 170,000 and 90,000 for mhv3, two small polypeptides of mol. wt. varying from 24,000 to 20,000, and a polypeptide of mol. wt. 50,000. the results are discuss ...	1980	6245634
enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of antibody in volunteers experimentally infected with human coronavirus strain 229 e.	an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was developed for detecting antibody rises to human coronavirus strain 229e and related strains in paired sera from infected volunteers. there was a close correlation between development of colds infected volunteers. there was a close correlation between development of colds and significant antibody rises detected by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. furthermore, the assay was more sensitive than a neutralization assay. this enzyme-linked immunosorbent a ...	1980	6252244
comparison of the morphology of three coronaviruses.	the morphology of three coronaviruses, avian infectious bronchitis virus strain connecticut (ibv conn), human coronavirus strain 229e (hcv 229e) and mouse hepatitis virus strain 3 (mhv3), were examined by negative staining. significant differences were found in the sizes of the three coronaviruses. furthermore, three types of surface projection of the same lengths, but varying widths and morphology, were observed. both ibv conn and hcv 229e had bulbous projections characteristic of coronaviruses ...	1979	218534
rabbit cardiomyopathy associated with a virus antigenically related to human coronavirus strain 229e.	a new disease of rabbits is described. following an acute febrile course, animals die or recover by the 11th day postinoculation. the characteristic pathologic finding is multifocal myocardial degeneration and necrosis. the disease can be transmitted by various routes with tissue filtrates or with infectious sera diluted to 10(-6) and passed through 0.1 micron filters. virus particles with morphologic features characteristic of a coronavirus are present in infectious but not in normal rabbit ser ...	1979	222151
clones of cells from a human embryo lung: their growth and susceptibility to respiratory viruses.	colonies of cells were obtained from human fetal lung tissue and exposed to recently isolated respiratory viruses. there was a considerable variation in the number of rounded cells found in different colonies exposed to rhinovirus types 2 and 9 (rv2 and 9), human coronavirus 229e (hcv), adenovirus type 3 (ad3) and respiratory syncytial virus (rsv). smaller colonies had more rounded cells than larger colonies. clones were established from 9 out of 11 colonies. they varied in their rate of growth ...	1979	229795
infection of cultured human type ii pneumonocytes with certain respiratory viruses.	human type ii alveolar pneumonocytes were grown either as monolayers derived from a clone or as organotypic cultures of fetal lung. the type ii cells in these cultures retained in their cytoplasm multilamellar bodies which were morphologically identical to similar organelles present in type ii cells of intact human fetal and adult lung. a number of respiratory viruses infected the cells and produced a cytopathic effect in the cultures. viral components were also detected in some of the infected ...	1979	232693
inhibition of coronavirus 229e replication by actinomycin d.	the yields of human coronavirus 229e grown in l132 cells were markedly inhibited by actinomycin d, the 50% inhibitory dose being 0.1 micron/ml. inhibition was maximal during the early phase of virus replication, did not appear to involve viral rna synthesis per se, and was shown to be dependent on the input multiplicity of infection.	1979	430598
the genome of human coronavirus strain 229e.	the genomic rna of human coronavirus strain 229e (hcv 229e) migrated on polyacrylamide gels as a single peak with a mol. wt. of 5.8 x 10(6). denaturation of the genome with formaldehyde did not alter its electrophoretic mobility, which suggests that the hcv 229e genome is a single-stranded molecule. at least 30% of the genomic rna was shown to contain covalently attached polyadenylic acid [poly(a)]sequences by binding the rna to an oligo(dt)-cellulose column. these poly(a) tracts were shown to b ...	1978	660165
antigenic relationship of the feline infections peritonitis virus to coronaviruses of other species.	utilizing the direct and indirect fluorescent antibody procedure, the antigenic relationship of the feline infectious peritonitis virus (fipv) to 7 other human and animal coronaviruses was studied. fipv was found to be closely related to transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev) of swine. transmissible gastroenteritis virus and fipv were in turn antigenically related to human coronavirus 229e (hcv-229e) and canine coronavirus (ccv). an interesting finding in the study was that the 8 coronavirus ...	1978	81044
ribonucleoprotein-like structures from coronavirus particles.	the structure of the ribonucleoprotein (rnp) complex of three coronaviruses was investigated. a single-stranded helix of diam. 14 to 16 nm and up to 320 nm in length was released from disrupted particles of human coronavirus strain 229e and mouse hepatitis virus strain 3 after incubation in mild conditions. the helical complexes appeared to be composed of globular subunits with long axes of 5 to 7 nm surrounding a hollow core of diam. 3 to 4 nm. the complexes were shown to be sensitive to both p ...	1978	207820
determination of coronavirus 229e antibody by an immune-adherence hemagglutination method.		1978	212526
purification and biophysical properties of human coronavirus 229e.		1976	824815
seroepidemiologic survey of coronavirus (strain 229e) infections in a population of children.	the indirect hemagglutination (iha) test for coronavirus 229e antibodies was used for serodiagnostic and seroepidemiologic studies in a population of children. subjects ranged in age from 5 to 19 years and lived in a home which participated in a longitudinal surveilance of respiratory illness (1960-1968). during this period 1477 respiratory illnesses were observed; 63 (4%) were associated with sero-response (fourfold or greater antibody rises) to 229e. an additional 105 sero-responses were assoc ...	1975	1115061
isolation and morphology of the internal component of human coronavirus, strain 229e.	biochemical studies on human coronavirus, strain 229e, indicate that the rna is present in the virion in association with protein as a ribonucleoprotein (rnp) complex. morphological studies have revealed that this nucleocapsid is probably a continuous helical rnp.	1975	1235860
in vitro antiviral activity and preliminary clinical trials of a new adamantane compound.	a compound, 1'-methyl spiro (adamantane-2,3'-pyrrolidine) maleate, chemically related to the antiviral drug amantadine, was tested for activity in vitro against a number of human respiratory viruses. by a variety of techniques, it was shown to be active against a wide range of human and animal influenza a viruses. the effect was, however, variable and ranged from high activity against two 1957 asian strains to no observable activity against a 1971 strain. like amantadine, the drug did not inhibi ...	1973	4364762
virologic studies of acute respiratory disease in young adults. v. coronavirus 229e infections during six years of surveillance.		1972	4626012
detection of coronavirus 229e antibody by indirect hemagglutination.	tannic-acid treated sheep erythrocytes (fresh or glutaraldehyde preserved) were sensitized with 229e antigens from human embryonic lung (ru-1) cell cultures. indirect hemagglutination (iha) antigen titers in 229e-infected cell cultures paralleled virus infectivity and complement fixation (cf) antigen titers. the identity of the iha antigen was confirmed by testing extracts from inoculated and control cell cultures for ability to inhibit iha. also, significant increases in iha antibody were demon ...	1972	4674373
sars-cov regulates immune function-related gene expression in human monocytic cells.	severe acute respiratory syndrome (sars) is characterized by acute respiratory distress syndrome (ards) and pulmonary fibrosis, and monocytes/macrophages are the key players in the pathogenesis of sars. in this study, we compared the transcriptional profiles of sars coronavirus (sars-cov)-infected monocytic cells against that infected by coronavirus 229e (cov-229e). total rna was extracted from infected dc-sign-transfected monocytes (thp-1-dc-sign) at 6 and 24 h after infection, and the gene exp ...	0	22876772
a rare cause of acute flaccid paralysis: human coronaviruses.	acute flaccid paralysis (afp) is a life-threatening clinical entity characterized by weakness in the whole body muscles often accompanied by respiratory and bulbar paralysis. the most common cause is gullian-barre syndrome, but infections, spinal cord diseases, neuromuscular diseases such as myasthenia gravis, drugs and toxins, periodic hypokalemic paralysis, electrolyte disturbances, and botulism should be considered as in the differential diagnosis. human coronaviruses (hcovs) cause common col ...	0	26557177