Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
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| faustovirus, an asfarvirus-related new lineage of giant viruses infecting amoebae. | giant viruses are protist-associated viruses belonging to the proposed order megavirales; almost all have been isolated from acanthamoeba spp. their isolation in humans suggests that they are part of the human virome. using a high-throughput strategy to isolate new giant viruses from their original protozoan hosts, we obtained eight isolates of a new giant viral lineage from vermamoeba vermiformis, the most common free-living protist found in human environments. this new lineage was proposed to ... | 2015 | 25878099 |
| impact on antibody responses of b-cell-restricted transgenic expression of a viral gene inhibiting activation of nf-κb and nfat. | in this work, we have assessed the impact in vivo of the evasion gene a238l of african swine fever virus, an inhibitor of both nf-κb- and nfat-mediated transcription. the a238l gene was selectively expressed in mouse b lymphocytes using the promoter and enhancer sequences of the mouse ig μ heavy chain. the igm primary and igg2b secondary serological responses and the number of splenic germinal centres in response to the td antigens dnp-keyhole limpet hemocyanin and sheep red blood cells, respect ... | 2015 | 25864175 |
| related strains of african swine fever virus with different virulence: genome comparison and analysis. | two strains of african swine fever virus (asfv), the high-virulence lisboa60 (l60) and the low-virulence nh/p68 (nhv), which have previously been used in effective immunization/protection studies, were sequenced. both were isolated in portugal during the 11-year period after the introduction of asfv to the european continent in 1957. the predicted proteins coded by both strains were compared, and where differences were found these were also compared to other strains of known virulence. this high ... | 2015 | 25406173 |
| in situ hybridization with labeled probes: assessment of african swine fever virus in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues. | in situ hybridization (ish) has become a very valuable molecular diagnostic tool to detect specific dna or rna sequences in biological samples through the use of complementary dna- or rna-labeled probes. here, we describe an optimized in situ hybridization protocol to detect african swine fever virus (asfv) dna in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues using digoxigenin-labeled probes. | 2015 | 25399099 |
| african swine fever virus orf p1192r codes for a functional type ii dna topoisomerase. | topoisomerases modulate the topological state of dna during processes, such as replication and transcription, that cause overwinding and/or underwinding of the dna. african swine fever virus (asfv) is a nucleo-cytoplasmic double-stranded dna virus shown to contain an ofr (p1192r) with homology to type ii topoisomerases. here we observed that pp1192r is highly conserved among asfv isolates but dissimilar from other viral, prokaryotic or eukaryotic type ii topoisomerases. in both asfv/ba71v-infect ... | 2015 | 25463606 |
| tree imbalance causes a bias in phylogenetic estimation of evolutionary timescales using heterochronous sequences. | phylogenetic estimation of evolutionary timescales has become routine in biology, forming the basis of a wide range of evolutionary and ecological studies. however, there are various sources of bias that can affect these estimates. we investigated whether tree imbalance, a property that is commonly observed in phylogenetic trees, can lead to reduced accuracy or precision of phylogenetic timescale estimates. we analysed simulated data sets with calibrations at internal nodes and at the tips, taki ... | 2015 | 25431227 |
| african swine fever virus assembles a single membrane derived from rupture of the endoplasmic reticulum. | collective evidence argues that two members of the nucleocytoplasmic large dna viruses (ncldvs) acquire their membrane from open membrane intermediates, postulated to be derived from membrane rupture. we now study membrane acquisition of the ncldv african swine fever virus. by electron tomography (et), the virion assembles a single bilayer, derived from open membrane precursors that collect as ribbons in the cytoplasm. biochemically, lumenal endoplasmic reticulum (er) proteins are released into ... | 2015 | 26096327 |
| african swine fever virus georgia 2007 with a deletion of virulence-associated gene 9gl (b119l), when administered at low doses, leads to virus attenuation in swine and induces an effective protection against homologous challenge. | african swine fever virus (asfv) is the etiological agent of an often lethal disease of domestic pigs. disease control strategies have been hampered by the unavailability of vaccines against asfv. since its introduction in the republic of georgia, a highly virulent virus, asfv georgia 2007 (asfv-g), has caused an epizootic that spread rapidly into eastern european countries. currently no vaccines are available or under development to control asfv-g. in the past, genetically modified asfvs harbor ... | 2015 | 26063424 |
| a study of lymphoid organs and serum proinflammatory cytokines in pigs infected with african swine fever virus genotype ii. | african swine fever virus (asfv), the causative agent of one of the most important viral diseases of domestic pigs for which no vaccine is available, causes immune system disorders in infected animals. in this study, the serum levels of proinflammatory cytokines, as well as the histological and cellular constitution of lymphoid organs of pigs infected with asfv genotype ii were investigated. the results showed a high degree of lymphocyte depletion in the lymphoid organs, particularly in the sple ... | 2015 | 25797197 |
| african swine fever virus infects macrophages, the natural host cells, via clathrin- and cholesterol-dependent endocytosis. | the main cellular target for african swine fever virus (asfv) is the porcine macrophage. however, existing data about the early phases of infection were previously characterized in non-leukocyte cells such as vero cells. here, we report that asfv enters the natural host cell using dynamin-dependent and clathrin-mediated endocytosis. this pathway is strongly ph-dependent during the first steps of infection in porcine macrophages. we investigated the effect of drugs inhibiting several endocytic pa ... | 2015 | 25662020 |
| comparative analysis of the complete genome sequences of kenyan african swine fever virus isolates within p72 genotypes ix and x. | twelve complete african swine fever virus (asfv) genome sequences are currently publicly available and these include only one sequence from east africa. we describe genome sequencing and annotation of a recent pig-derived p72 genotype ix, and a tick-derived genotype x isolate from kenya using the illumina platform and comparison with the kenya 1950 isolate. the three genomes constitute a cluster that was phylogenetically distinct from other asfv genomes, but 98-99 % conserved within the group. v ... | 2015 | 25645905 |
| the progressive adaptation of a georgian isolate of african swine fever virus to vero cells leads to a gradual attenuation of virulence in swine corresponding to major modifications of the viral genome. | african swine fever virus (asfv) causes a contagious and often lethal disease of feral and domestic swine. experimental vaccines derived from naturally occurring, genetically modified, or cell culture-adapted asfv have been evaluated, but no commercial vaccine is available to control african swine fever (asf). we report here the genotypic and phenotypic analysis of viruses obtained at different passages during the process of adaptation of a virulent asfv field isolate from the republic of georgi ... | 2015 | 25505073 |
| first detection of antibodies against african swine fever virus in faeces samples. | african swine fever (asf) is a viral, highly lethal haemorrhagic disease of swine with no available vaccine or effective treatment. introduction of asf into a country triggers immediate restriction measures that cause significant economic losses and threatens spread to neighbouring countries. wild boar populations have been recently assigned an essential role in the spread of african swine fever virus (asfv) to european countries. therefore, effective surveillance and monitoring of wild boar pop ... | 2015 | 26431943 |
| alterations of nuclear architecture and epigenetic signatures during african swine fever virus infection. | viral interactions with host nucleus have been thoroughly studied, clarifying molecular mechanisms and providing new antiviral targets. considering that african swine fever virus (asfv) intranuclear phase of infection is poorly understood, viral interplay with subnuclear domains and chromatin architecture were addressed. nuclear speckles, cajal bodies, and promyelocytic leukaemia nuclear bodies (pml-nbs) were evaluated by immunofluorescence microscopy and western blot. further, efficient pml pro ... | 2015 | 26389938 |
| analysis of hdac6 and bag3-aggresome pathways in african swine fever viral factory formation. | african swine fever virus (asfv) is a double-stranded dna virus causing a hemorrhagic fever disease with high mortality rates and severe economic losses in pigs worldwide. asfv replicates in perinuclear sites called viral factories (vfs) that are morphologically similar to cellular aggresomes. this fact raises the possibility that both vfs and aggresomes may be the same structure. however, little is known about the process involved in the formation of these viral replication platforms. in order ... | 2015 | 25856634 |
| tandem repeat insertion in african swine fever virus, russia, 2012. | 2015 | 25812015 | |
| early intranuclear replication of african swine fever virus genome modifies the landscape of the host cell nucleus. | although african swine fever virus (asfv) replicates in viral cytoplasmic factories, the presence of viral dna within the host cell nucleus has been previously reported to be essential for productive infection. herein, we described, for the first time, the intranuclear distribution patterns of viral dna replication events, preceding those that occur in the cytoplasmic compartment. using brdu pulse-labelling experiments, newly synthesized asfv genomes were exclusively detected inside the host cel ... | 2015 | 26183880 |
| [continuous cell subline a4c2/9k and its application to the african swine fever virus study]. | a new continuous cell subline a4c2/9k highly sensitive to the african swine fever virus (asfv) was prepared. all the tested asfv strains isolated in the russian federation in 2008-2013 proliferated in this cell culture exhibiting hemadsorption and accumulated at a titer of up to 6.5 ig hau50/cm3. the cell culture a4c2/9k can be used for asfv isolation or determination of its infectious activity and serotype identity. the culture versions of the asfv strain stavropol 01/08 at passages 24 and 33 i ... | 2015 | 26182658 |
| exposure of extensively farmed wild boars (sus scrofa scrofa) to selected pig pathogens in greece. | increased density and distribution of wild boar populations are likely to promote interactions and transmission of certain pathogens, not only among wild boar but also from wild boar to livestock or humans and vice versa. | 2015 | 25774434 |
| homologous recombination in pestiviruses: identification of three putative novel events between different subtypes/genogroups. | viruses from the genus pestivirus of the family flaviviridae have a non-segmented, single-stranded rna genome and can cause diseases in animals from the order artiodactyla. homologous recombination is rarely reported in this virus family. to detect possible recombination events, all complete pestivirus genomes that are available in genbank were screened using distinct algorithms to detect genetic conversions and incongruent phylogenies. three putative recombinant viruses derived from recombinati ... | 2015 | 25562124 |
| porcine complement regulatory protein cd46 and heparan sulfates are the major factors for classical swine fever virus attachment in vitro. | classical swine fever virus (csfv) is the causative agent of a severe multi-systemic disease of pigs. while several aspects of virus-host-interaction are known, the early steps of infection remain unclear. for the closely related bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv), a cellular receptor is known: bovine complement regulatory protein cd46. given that these two pestiviruses are closely related, porcine cd46 is also a candidate receptor for csfv. in addition to cd46, cell-culture-adapted csfv strains ... | 2015 | 25559665 |
| differentiation of classical swine fever virus infection from cp7_e2alf marker vaccination by a multiplex microsphere immunoassay. | classical swine fever (csf) is a highly contagious viral disease of pigs that has a tremendous socioeconomic impact. vaccines are available for disease control. however, most industrialized countries are implementing stamping-out strategies to eliminate the disease and avoid trade restrictions. these restrictions can be avoided through the use of marker vaccines such as cp7_e2alf. marker vaccines have to be accompanied by reliable and robust discriminatory assays. in this context, a multiplex mi ... | 2015 | 25378351 |
| genetic diversity of ruminant pestivirus strains collected in northern ireland between 1999 and 2011 and the role of live ruminant imports. | the genus pestivirus within the family flaviviridae includes bovine viral diarrhoea virus (bvdv) types 1 and 2, border disease virus (bdv) and classical swine fever virus. the two recognised genotypes of bvdv are divided into subtypes based on phylogenetic analysis, namely a-p for bvdv-1 and a-c for bvdv-2. | 2015 | 27354911 |
| ligand-responsive rna mechanical switches. | ligand-responsive rna mechanical switches represent a new class of simple switching modules that adopt well-defined ligand-free and bound conformational states, distinguishing them from metabolite-sensing riboswitches. initially discovered in the internal ribosome entry site (ires) of hepatitis c virus (hcv), these rna switch motifs were found in the genome of diverse other viruses. although large variations are seen in sequence and local secondary structure of the switches, their function in vi ... | 2015 | 26158858 |
| chinese border disease virus strain jsls12-01 infects piglets and down-regulates the antibody responses of classical swine fever virus c strain vaccination. | during 2012 and 2013, several border disease virus (bdv) strains were identified from chinese goat and sheep herds. at the same time, pigs from the same areas were found to be seropositive to bdv by elisa, without showing clinical signs (unpublished data). to examine the susceptibility of pigs to the chinese bdv strains, bdv isolate jsls12-01, isolated from naturally infected sheep, was used to infect pigs. antibody responses, viremia, clinical signs and pathological changes of the infected anim ... | 2015 | 26117151 |
| structures and functions of pestivirus glycoproteins: not simply surface matters. | pestiviruses, which include economically important animal pathogens such as bovine viral diarrhea virus and classical swine fever virus, possess three envelope glycoproteins, namely erns, e1, and e2. this article discusses the structures and functions of these glycoproteins and their effects on viral pathogenicity in cells in culture and in animal hosts. e2 is the most important structural protein as it interacts with cell surface receptors that determine cell tropism and induces neutralizing an ... | 2015 | 26131960 |
| the molecular biology of pestiviruses. | pestiviruses are among the economically most important pathogens of livestock. the biology of these viruses is characterized by unique and interesting features that are both crucial for their success as pathogens and challenging from a scientific point of view. elucidation of these features at the molecular level has made striking progress during recent years. the analyses revealed that major aspects of pestivirus biology show significant similarity to the biology of human hepatitis c virus (hcv ... | 2015 | 26111586 |
| emerging pestiviruses infecting domestic and wildlife hosts. | until the early 1990 s there were just three recognized species in the pestivirus genus, bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv), border disease virus (bdv) and classical swine fever virus (csfv). subsequently bvdv were divided into two different species, bvdv1 and bvdv2 and four additional putative pestivirus species have been identified, based on phylogenetic analysis. the four putative pestivirus specices, listed in chronological order of published reports, are giraffe (isolated from one of severa ... | 2015 | 26050572 |
| sequence-based comparative study of classical swine fever virus genogroup 2.2 isolate with pestivirus reference strains. | this study was undertaken with the aim to compare and establish the genetic relatedness between classical swine fever virus (csfv) genogroup 2.2 isolate and pestivirus reference strains. | 2015 | 27047198 |
| detection of african swine fever virus dna in blood samples stored on fta cards from asymptomatic pigs in mbeya region, tanzania. | the aim of the study was to assess whether blood samples collected onto fta(®) cards could be used in combination with real-time pcr for the detection of african swine fever virus (asfv) dna in samples from resource-poor settings under the assumption that asymptomatically (sub-clinically) infected pigs may be present. blood samples were collected from clinically healthy pigs from mbeya region, tanzania. the blood samples were stored on fta(®) cards and analysed by real-time pcr assays in duplica ... | 2015 | 23472656 |
| characterization of cytopathogenicity of classical swine fever virus isolate induced by newcastle disease virus. | classical swine fever virus (csfv), the causative agent of classical swine fever, belongs to the family flaviviridae and genus pestivirus. some pestiviruses exhibit cytopathic effect in cell culture but exact phenomenon is unknown. over expression of ns2-3 gene, presence of defective interfering particle and exaltation of newcastle disease virus (end) phenomenon could be the reasons of cytopathogenicity. in the present study, a csfv isolate exhibiting cytopathic effect (cpe) in madin-darby canin ... | 2015 | 26436124 |
| an investigation of classical swine fever virus seroprevalence and risk factors in pigs in timor-leste. | classical swine fever virus (csfv) is a highly infectious pathogen of pigs and believed to be a major constraint to pig production in timor-leste. the ministry of agriculture and fisheries conducts vaccination campaigns in an attempt to control clinical disease, however, there is no empirical data available concerning the seroprevalence and distribution of csfv in timor-leste. to help address this knowledge deficit, a cross-sectional study to determine seroprevalence was conducted in the three d ... | 2015 | 26433742 |
| in vitro coinfection and replication of classical swine fever virus and porcine circovirus type 2 in pk15 cells. | increasing clinical lines of evidence have shown the coinfection/superinfection of porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv2) and classical swine fever virus (csfv). here, we investigated whether pcv2 and csfv could infect the same cell productively by constructing an in vitro coinfection model. our results indicated that pcv2-free pk15 cells but not st cells were more sensitive to pcv2, and the pk15 cell line could stably harbor replicating csfv (pk15-csfv cells) with a high infection rate. confocal and ... | 2015 | 26431319 |
| genetic clustering of recent classical swine fever virus isolates from karnataka, india revealed the emergence of subtype 2.2 replacing subtype 1.1. | the phylogenetic analysis of 11 csfv isolates from karnataka, india obtained during the year 2012-13 was undertaken to obtain the most reliable genetic typing of the csfv isolates based on e2, ns5b and 5'utr genomic regions. the study indicated that all the 11 csfv isolates belonged to subgroup 2.2. the most reliable classification was obtained with sequence data from the ns5b region which separated all the isolates based on the history of outbreak and geographic origin. analysis of full length ... | 2015 | 26396984 |
| classical swine fever virus marker vaccine strain cp7_e2alf: genetic stability in vitro and in vivo. | recently, cp7_e2alf (suvaxyncsf marker), a live marker vaccine against classical swine fever virus, was licensed through the european medicines agency. for application of such a genetically engineered virus under field conditions, knowledge about its genetic stability is essential. here, we report on stability studies that were conducted to assess and compare the mutation rate of cp7_e2alf in vitro and in vivo. sequence analyses upon passaging confirmed the high stability of cp7_e2alf, and no re ... | 2015 | 26392285 |
| genotyping of classical swine fever virus using high-resolution melt analysis. | discrimination between different field and vaccine strains of classical swine fever virus (csfv) is crucial for meaningful disease diagnosis and epidemiological investigation. in this study, a rapid method for differentiating vaccine strains and outbreak csfv isolates by combined rt-pcr and high-resolution melt (hrm) analysis has been developed. the assay is based on pcr amplification of short fragments from the most variable region of csfvgene e2, followed by hrm analysis of amplicons. real-tim ... | 2015 | 26300371 |
| creation of functional viruses from non-functional cdna clones obtained from an rna virus population by the use of ancestral reconstruction. | rna viruses have the highest known mutation rates. consequently it is likely that a high proportion of individual rna virus genomes, isolated from an infected host, will contain lethal mutations and be non-functional. this is problematic if the aim is to clone and investigate high-fitness, functional cdnas and may also pose problems for sequence-based analysis of viral evolution. to address these challenges we have performed a study of the evolution of classical swine fever virus (csfv) using de ... | 2015 | 26485566 |
| episodic adaptive diversification of classical swine fever virus rna-dependent rna polymerase ns5b. | classical swine fever virus (csfv) is the pathogen that causes a highly infectious disease of pigs and has led to disastrous losses to pig farms and related industries. the rna-dependent rna polymerase (rdrp) ns5b is a central component of the replicase complex (rc) in some single-stranded rna viruses, including csfv. on the basis of genetic variation, the csfv rdrps could be clearly divided into 2 major groups and a minor group, which is consistent with the phylogenetic relationships and virule ... | 2015 | 26485449 |
| porcine mx1 fused to hiv tat protein transduction domain (ptd) inhibits classical swine fever virus infection in vitro and in vivo. | classical swine fever (csf) caused by csf virus (csfv) is highly contagious andcauses significant economic losses in the pig industry throughout the world. previously we demonstrated that porcine mx1 (pomx1), when fused to hiv tat protein transduction domain (ptd), inhibits csfv propagation in pk-15 cells, but it is unknown whether ptd-pomx1 exhibits antiviral activity in other porcine lines and it is efficacious for controlling csfv infection in pigs in china. | 2015 | 26472464 |
| construction of infectious cdna clone derived from a classical swine fever virus field isolate in bac vector using in vitro overlap extension pcr and recombination. | to develop reverse genetics system of rna viruses, cloning of full-length viral genome is required which is often challenging due to many steps involved. in this study, we report cloning of full-length cdna from an indian field isolate (csfv/ivri/vb-131) of classical swine fever virus (csfv) using in vitro overlap extension pcr and recombination which drastically reduced the number of cloning steps. the genome of csfv was amplified in six overlapping cdna fragments, linked by overlap extension p ... | 2015 | 26478540 |
| [classical swine fever in wild boar in rhineland-palatinate: evaluation of the official control measures from 2005-2011]. | the present study describes the control strategy for fighting classical swine fever in wild boar in rhineland-palatinate from 2005 to 2011 and evaluates its effectiveness. the official control measures were based on the following three main pillars:--serological and virological monitoring: by means of serological monitoring classical swine fever outbreaks could be detected very early. increasing antibody prevalences indicated an imminent classical swine fever outbreak. this could be confirmed by ... | 2015 | 26697717 |
| generation and efficacy evaluation of a recombinant pseudorabies virus variant expressing the e2 protein of classical swine fever virus in pigs. | classical swine fever (csf) is an economically important infectious disease of pigs caused by classical swine fever virus (csfv). pseudorabies (pr), which is caused by pseudorabies virus (prv), is another important infectious disease of pigs and other animals. coinfections of pigs with prv and csfv occur occasionally in the field. the modified live vaccine bartha-k61 strain has played an important role in the control of pr in many countries, including china. since late 2011, however, increasing ... | 2015 | 26311244 |
| complete genome sequence of classical swine fever virus strain jszl, belonging to a new subgenotype, 2.1d, isolated in china in 2014. | the complete genome sequence of classic swine fever virus (csfv) strain jszl was determined in this study. jszl was originally isolated from an immune pig farm in jiangsu province, china. jszl is more closely related to subgenotype 2.1b than to 2.1a and 2.1c. importantly, jszl was classified into a new subgenotype, 2.1d. | 2015 | 26294620 |
| analysis of ttsuv1b antibody in porcine serum and its correlation with four antibodies against common viral infectious diseases. | the purpose of the present study was to evaluate the correlation between torque teno sus virus 1b (ttsuv1b) infection and other viral infections or vaccine immunization in conventional pigs. | 2015 | 26260234 |
| simultaneous detection of eight swine reproductive and respiratory pathogens using a novel gexp analyser-based multiplex pcr assay. | a new high-throughput genomelab gene expression profiler (gexp) analyser-based multiplex pcr assay was developed for the detection of eight reproductive and respiratory pathogens in swine. the reproductive and respiratory pathogens include north american porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv-na), classical swine fever virus (csfv), porcine circovirus 2 (pcv-2), swine influenza virus (siv) (including h1 and h3 subtypes), porcine parvovirus (ppv), pseudorabies virus (prv) and ... | 2015 | 26259690 |
| [research progress in the core proteins of the classical swine fever virus]. | the core protein (cp) of the classical swine fever virus (csfv) is one of its structural proteins. apart from forming the nucleocapsid to protect internal viral genomic rna, this protein is involved in transcriptional regulation. also, during viral infection, the cp is involved in interactions with many host proteins. in this review, we combine study of this protein with its disorders, structural/functional characteristics, as well as its interactions with the non-structural proteins ns3, ns5b a ... | 2015 | 26738299 |
| [hsp70 fused with the envelope glycoprotein e0 of classical swine fever virus enhances immune responses in balb/c mice]. | heat-shock protein (hsp) 70 potentiates specific immune responses to some antigenic peptides fused to it. here, the prokaryotic plasmids harboring the envelope glycoprotein e0 gene of classical swine fever virus (csfv) and/or the hsp70 gene of haemophilus parasuis were constructed and expressed in escherichia coli rosseta 2(r2). the fusion proteins were then purified. groups of balb/c mice were immunized with these fusion proteins, respectively, and sera collected 7 days after the third immuniza ... | 2015 | 26524908 |
| fatal disease associated with swine hepatitis e virus and porcine circovirus 2 co-infection in four weaned pigs in china. | in recent decades, porcine circovirus 2 (pcv2) infection has been recognized as the causative agent of postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome, and has become a threat to the swine industry. hepatitis e virus (hev) is another high prevalent pathogen in swine in many regions of the world. pcv2 and hev are both highly prevalent in pig farms in china. | 2015 | 25889526 |
| the n-terminus of classical swine fever virus (csfv) nonstructural protein 2 modulates viral genome rna replication. | pestivirus nonstructural protein 2 (ns2) is a multifunctional, hydrophobic protein with an important but poorly understood role in viral rna replication and infectious virus production. in the present study, based on sequence analysis, we mutated several representative conserved residues within the n-terminus of ns2 of classical swine fever virus (csfv) and investigated how these mutations affected viral rna replication and infectious virus production. our results demonstrated that the mutation ... | 2015 | 26232654 |
| heat shock protein 70 is associated with csfv ns5a protein and enhances viral rna replication. | the non-structural 5a (ns5a) protein of classical swine fever virus (csfv) is proven to be involved in viral replication and can also modulate cellular signaling via to its ability to interact with various cellular proteins. here, hsp70/ns5a complex formation is confirmed by coimmunoprecipitation and gst-pulldown studies. additionally, the n-terminal amino acids (29-240) of ns5a were identified as the interaction region through in vivo deletion analyses, and confocal microscopy showed that ns5a ... | 2015 | 25827528 |
| complete genome sequence of a field isolate of classical swine fever virus belonging to subgenotype 2.1b from hunan province, china. | we report the complete genome sequence of a field isolate of classical swine fever virus (csfv), hunan 23/2013, belonging to the predominant subgenotype 2.1b. this strain was originally isolated from diseased pigs in hunan province, china. this report will help in understanding the molecular diversity of csfv stains circulating in china and in selecting and developing a suitable vaccine candidate for csf control. | 2015 | 26205876 |
| evaluation of an erns-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to distinguish classical swine fever virus-infected pigs from pigs vaccinated with cp7_e2alf. | infections with classical swine fever virus (csfv) are a major economic threat to pig production. to combat csf outbreaks and to maintain trade, new marker vaccines were developed that allow differentiation of infected from vaccinated animals (diva principle). the chimeric pestivirus cp7_e2alf was shown to be safe and efficacious. its diva strategy is based on the detection of csfv e(rns)-specific antibodies that are only developed on infection. however, for the new marker vaccine to be consider ... | 2015 | 26179095 |
| efficacy of a live attenuated vaccine in classical swine fever virus postnatally persistently infected pigs. | classical swine fever (csf) causes major losses in pig farming, with various degrees of disease severity. efficient live attenuated vaccines against classical swine fever virus (csfv) are used routinely in endemic countries. however, despite intensive vaccination programs in these areas for more than 20 years, csf has not been eradicated. molecular epidemiology studies in these regions suggests that the virus circulating in the field has evolved under the positive selection pressure exerted by t ... | 2015 | 26159607 |
| recombinant encephalomyocarditis viruses elicit neutralizing antibodies against prrsv and csfv in mice. | encephalomyocarditis virus (emcv) is capable of infecting a wide range of species and the infection can cause myocarditis and reproductive failure in pigs as well as febrile illness in human beings. in this study, we introduced the entire orf5 of the porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv) or the neutralization epitope regions in the e2 gene of the classical swine fever virus (csfv), into the genome of a stably attenuated emcv strain, t1100i. the resultant viable recombinant ... | 2015 | 26076449 |
| genetic variability and distribution of classical swine fever virus. | classical swine fever is a highly contagious disease that affects domestic and wild pigs worldwide. the causative agent of the disease is classical swine fever virus (csfv), which belongs to the genus pestivirus within the family flaviviridae. on the genome level, csfv can be divided into three genotypes with three to four sub-genotypes. those genotypes can be assigned to distinct geographical regions. knowledge about csfv diversity and distribution is important for the understanding of disease ... | 2015 | 26050570 |
| complete genome sequence of a classical swine fever virus isolate belonging to a new subgenotype, 2.1c, from guangxi province, china. | the complete genome sequence of a field isolate of classical swine fever strain (csfv), gxf29/2013, was determined in this study. this strain was originally isolated from infected pigs in guangxi province, china. the most significant difference in the amino acid sequence of the polyprotein from subgenotypes 2.1a and 2.1b is an spa→apv amino acid substitution at positions 88 and 90 in the e2 protein. | 2015 | 26044412 |
| a new subgenotype 2.1d isolates of classical swine fever virus in china, 2014. | the lapinized attenuated vaccine against classical swine fever (csf) has been used in china for over half a century and has generally prevented large-scale outbreaks in recent years. however, since late 2014, a large number of new cases of csf were detected in many immunized pig farms in china. several of these csv viruses were isolated and characterized. phylogenetic and genomic sequence analyses indicate that these new isolates, as well as some reference isolates, form a new subgenotype named ... | 2015 | 26031602 |
| intracellular membrane association of the n-terminal domain of classical swine fever virus ns4b determines viral genome replication and virulence. | classical swine fever virus (csfv) causes a highly contagious disease in pigs that can range from a severe haemorrhagic fever to a nearly unapparent disease, depending on the virulence of the virus strain. little is known about the viral molecular determinants of csfv virulence. the nonstructural protein ns4b is essential for viral replication. however, the roles of csfv ns4b in viral genome replication and pathogenesis have not yet been elucidated. ns4b of the gpe- vaccine strain and of the hi ... | 2015 | 26018962 |
| enhanced expression of the erns protein of classical swine fever virus in yeast and its application in an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for antibody differentiation of infected from vaccinated animals. | classical swine fever (csf), caused by classical swine fever virus (csfv), is a devastating disease of swine worldwide. although a mandatory vaccination with the modified live vaccine c-strain has been implemented in china for decades, csf remains a serious threat to the swine industry. to facilitate the control and eradication of csf in china, the e2-based marker vaccine radv-sfv-e2, an adenovirus-delivered, alphavirus replicon-vectored vaccine, has been developed. accordingly, an accompanying ... | 2015 | 26005003 |
| treatment with interferon-alpha delays disease in swine infected with a highly virulent csfv strain. | interferon-alpha (ifnα) can effectively inhibit or abort a viral infection within the host. it has been reported that ifn induction and production is hindered during classical swine fever virus (csfv) infection. most of those studies have been performed in vitro, making it difficult to elucidate the actual role of ifns during csfv infection in swine. here, we report the effect of ifnα treatment (delivered by a replication defective recombinant human adenovirus type 5, ad5) in swine experimentall ... | 2015 | 26004252 |
| classical swine fever virus marker vaccine strain cp7_e2alf: shedding and dissemination studies in boars. | over the last decade, pestivirus chimaera cp7_e2alf has proven to be a most promising marker vaccine candidate against classical swine fever (csf). to provide further background data for the risk assessment towards licensing and release, especially on presence of the vaccine chimaera in faeces, urine, and organs of the male reproductive tract, supplementary studies were carried out under controlled laboratory conditions. in detail, the shedding and dissemination pattern of suvaxyn(®) csf marker ... | 2015 | 25980427 |
| direct coating of culture medium from cells secreting classical swine fever virus e2 antigen on elisa plates for detection of e2-specific antibodies. | the envelope glycoprotein e2 of classical swine fever virus (csfv) is widely used as a marker for measuring vaccine efficacy and antibody titer. the glycosylation profile of e2 may affect the immunogenicity of the vaccine and the timing of re-vaccination. in this study, a human embryonic kidney cell line was used to secrete fully-glycosylated csfv e2, which was then coated onto elisa plates without purification or adjustment. the resulting e2-secreting medium-direct-coating (e2-mdc) elisa was su ... | 2015 | 25975854 |
| transfection of rna from organ samples of infected animals represents a highly sensitive method for virus detection and recovery of classical swine fever virus. | translation and replication of positive stranded rna viruses are directly initiated in the cellular cytoplasm after uncoating of the viral genome. accordingly, infectious virus can be generated by transfection of rna genomes into susceptible cells. in the present study, efficiency of conventional virus isolation after inoculation of cells with infectious sample material was compared to virus recovery after transfection of total rna derived from organ samples of pigs infected with classical swine ... | 2015 | 25961582 |
| postnatal persistent infection with classical swine fever virus and its immunological implications. | it is well established that trans-placental transmission of classical swine fever virus (csfv) during mid-gestation can lead to persistently infected offspring. the aim of the present study was to evaluate the ability of csfv to induce viral persistence upon early postnatal infection. two litters of 10 piglets each were infected intranasally on the day of birth with low and moderate virulence csfv isolates, respectively. during six weeks after postnatal infection, most of the piglets remained cl ... | 2015 | 25938664 |
| genome sequence of classical swine fever virus genotype 1.1 with a genetic marker of attenuation detected in a continuous porcine cell line. | the complete genome sequencing and analysis of a classical swine fever virus (csfv) detected in a porcine kidney cell line revealed a close relationship with genotype 1.1 viruses circulating in india and china. the presence of consecutive t insertions in the 3' untranslated region (utr), as seen in vaccine strains of csfv, suggested some degree of attenuation. | 2015 | 25931601 |
| pkr activation enhances replication of classical swine fever virus in pk-15 cells. | classical swine fever (csf) is a highly contagious swine disease that is responsible for economic losses worldwide. protein kinase r (pk)r is an important protein in the host viral response; however, the role of pkr in csfv infection remains unknown. this issue was addressed in the present study using the pk-15 swine kidney cell line. we found that csfv infection increased the phosphorylation of eukaryotic translation initiation factor (eif)2α and its kinase pkr. however, the expression of viral ... | 2015 | 25899421 |
| immunogenicity in swine of orally administered recombinant lactobacillus plantarum expressing classical swine fever virus e2 protein in conjunction with thymosin α-1 as an adjuvant. | classical swine fever, caused by classical swine fever virus (csfv), is a highly contagious disease that results in enormous economic losses in pig industries. the e2 protein is one of the main structural proteins of csfv and is capable of inducing csfv-neutralizing antibodies and cytotoxic t lymphocyte (ctl) activities in vivo. thymosin α-1 (tα1), an immune-modifier peptide, plays a very important role in the cellular immune response. in this study, genetically engineered lactobacillus plantaru ... | 2015 | 25819954 |
| time-calibrated phylogenomics of the classical swine fever viruses: genome-wide bayesian coalescent approach. | the phylogeny of classical swine fever virus (csfv), the causative agent of classical swine fever (csf), has been investigated extensively. however, no evolutionary research has been performed using the whole csfv genome. in this study, we used 37 published genome sequences to investigate the time-calibrated phylogenomics of csfv. in phylogenomic trees based on bayesian inference (bi) and maximum likelihood (ml), the 37 isolates were categorized into five genetic types (1.1, 1.2, 2.1, 2.3, and 3 ... | 2015 | 25815768 |
| close relationship of ruminant pestiviruses and classical swine fever virus. | to determine why serum from small ruminants infected with ruminant pestiviruses reacted positively to classical swine fever virus (csfv)-specific diagnostic tests, we analyzed 2 pestiviruses from turkey. they differed genetically and antigenically from known pestivirus species and were closely related to csfv. cross-reactions would interfere with classical swine fever diagnosis in pigs. | 2015 | 25811683 |
| the epitope recognized by monoclonal antibody 2b6 in the b/c domains of classical swine fever virus glycoprotein e2 affects viral binding to hyperimmune sera and replication. | classical swine fever (csf) is a highly contagious disease of pigs caused by csf virus (csfv). e2 is the major viral envelope protein of immune dominance that induces neutralizing antibodies and confers protection against csfv infection. the b/c domains of e2 are variable among csfv isolates, which could affect immunogenicity and binding to antibodies. we attempted to characterize the epitope recognized by a monoclonal antibody 2b6 (mab-2b6) raised against the e2 b/c domains of the vaccine c-str ... | 2015 | 25370727 |
| the n-terminal domain of npro of classical swine fever virus determines its stability and regulates type i ifn production. | the viral protein npro is unique to the genus pestivirus within the family flaviviridae. after autocatalytic cleavage from the nascent polyprotein, npro suppresses type i ifn (ifn-α/β) induction by mediating proteasomal degradation of ifn regulatory factor 3 (irf-3). previous studies found that the npro-mediated irf-3 degradation was dependent of a trash domain in the c-terminal half of npro coordinating zinc by means of the amino acid residues c112, c134, d136 and c138. interestingly, four clas ... | 2015 | 25809915 |
| a comparison of the impact of shimen and c strains of classical swine fever virus on toll-like receptor expression. | classical swine fever is one of the most important swine diseases worldwide and has tremendous socioeconomic impact. in this study, we focused on the signalling pathways of toll-like receptors (tlrs) because of their roles in the detection and response to viral infections. to this end, two classical swine fever virus (csfv) strains, namely the highly virulent csfv shimen strain and the avirulent c strain (a vaccine strain), were employed, and the expression of 19 immune effector genes was analys ... | 2015 | 25805409 |
| an investigation of classical swine fever virus seroprevalence and risk factors in pigs in east nusa tenggara, eastern indonesia. | classical swine fever virus (csfv) is a highly infectious disease of pigs. it has had significant impacts on east nusa tenggara, eastern indonesia since its introduction in 1997. in spite of its importance to this region, little is known about its seroprevalence and distribution, and pig-level and farmer-level factors that may have an impact on the serological status of an individual pig. to address this knowledge deficit, a cross-sectional seroprevalence survey was conducted in 2010 involving 2 ... | 2015 | 25792334 |
| a dark-to-bright reporter cell for classical swine fever virus infection. | current methods to quantitate classical swine fever virus (csfv) infectivity in cell culture are time-consuming and labor-intensive. this study described the generation of a dark-to-bright fluorescent reporter cells to facilitate in vitro studies of csfv infection and replication. this assay was based on a novel reporter cell stably expressing the enhanced green fluorescent protein (egfp) fused in-frame to a quenching peptide via a special recognition sequence of the csfv ns3 protease. chromopho ... | 2015 | 25746332 |
| immune responses against classical swine fever virus: between ignorance and lunacy. | classical swine fever virus infection of pigs causes disease courses from life-threatening to asymptomatic, depending on the virulence of the virus strain and the immunocompetence of the host. the virus targets immune cells, which are central in orchestrating innate and adaptive immune responses such as macrophages and conventional and plasmacytoid dendritic cells. here, we review current knowledge and concepts aiming to explain the immunopathogenesis of the disease at both the host and the cell ... | 2015 | 26664939 |
| molecular typing and phylogenetic analysis of classical swine fever virus isolates from kerala, india. | classical swine fever (csf) is an economically important disease of pigs caused by csf virus (csfv) belonging to the genus pestivirus within the family flaviviridae. the disease is endemic in many countries including india. a comprehensive study was carried out to assess the type of csfv circulating in the south indian state of kerala. during the period 2013-2014, clinical samples were collected from 19 suspected csf outbreaks of domestic pigs in different districts of kerala. the samples were t ... | 2015 | 26645036 |
| discrimination within epitope specific antibody populations against classical swine fever virus is a new means of differentiating infection from vaccination. | serological differentiation between infection and vaccination depends on the detection of pathogen specific antibodies for an epitope that is modified or lacking in a vaccine. here we describe a new assay principle that is based on differences in the binding properties of epitope specific antibodies. c-diva is a potent classical swine fever vaccine candidate that differs from the parental c-strain life attenuated vaccine in the highly immunogenic tavspttlr epitope by the deletion of two and the ... | 2015 | 25825375 |
| annexin 2 is a host protein binding to classical swine fever virus e2 glycoprotein and promoting viral growth in pk-15 cells. | glycoprotein e2 of classical swine fever virus (csfv) is a key determinant and major immunogen for viral entry and immunity, but little is known about its interaction with host proteins. in a previous study, we showed by proteomic analysis that cellular membrane protein annexin 2 (anx2) was up-regulated in pk-15 cells following csfv infection, but its function in csfv replication remains unknown. in the present study we observed the interaction of anx2 with csfv e2 following infection of pk-15 c ... | 2015 | 25701745 |
| complete genome sequence of classical swine fever virus subgenogroup 2.1 from assam, india. | we report the complete genome sequence of a classical swine fever virus (genogroup 2.1), isolated from an outbreak in assam, india. this particular isolate showed a high degree of genetic variation within the subgenogroup 2.1 and may serve as a potential reference strain of the 2.1 genogroup of classical swine fever virus (csfv) in the indian subcontinent. | 2015 | 25614559 |
| annexin a2 is involved in the production of classical swine fever virus infectious particles. | annexin a2 (anxa2) is an important host factor regulating several key processes in many viruses. to evaluate the potential involvement of anxa2 in the life cycle of classical swine fever virus (csfv), an rna interference (rnai) approach was utilized. knockdown of anxa2 did not impair csfv rna replication but significantly reduced csfv production. a comparable reduction of extracellular and intracellular infectivity levels was detected, indicating that anxa2 might play a role in csfv assembly rat ... | 2015 | 25593157 |
| molecular characterization of e2 glycoprotein of classical swine fever virus: adaptation and propagation in porcine kidney cells. | classical swine fever virus (csfv) is the causative agent of a highly contagious disease, hog cholera in pigs. the disease is endemic in many parts of the world, and vaccination is the only way to protect the animals from csfv infection. the lapinized vaccine strains are occasionally not protective because of animal to animal passage, inadequate vaccination strategy, suboptimal vaccine dose, and emergence of new variants. the surface glycoprotein e2 of csfv is a major antigenic determinant and c ... | 2015 | 25552311 |
| pathology and molecular diagnosis of classical swine fever in mizoram. | clinical histopathological and molecular diagnosis of classical swine fever disease in pigs of mizoram. | 2015 | 27047001 |
| studying classical swine fever virus: making the best of a bad virus. | classical swine fever (csf) is a highly contagious and often fatal disease that affects domestic pigs and wild boars. outbreak of csf can cause heavy economic losses to the pig industry. the strategies to prevent, control and eradicate csf disease are based on containing the disease through a systematic prophylactic vaccination policy and a non-vaccination stamping-out policy. the quest for prevention, control and eradication of csf has moved research forward in academia and industry, and has pr ... | 2015 | 25510481 |
| differential detection of classical swine fever virus challenge strains in c-strain vaccinated pigs. | control of classical swine fever (csf) by vaccination ideally requires that field strain infection can be detected irrespective of the vaccination status of the herd. to inform on the usefulness of molecular tests compatible with genetic differentiation of infected from vaccinated animals (diva) principles when using live-attenuated vaccines, tonsil homogenates from a vaccination-challenge experiment were analyzed using a differential real-time qrt-pcr for the c-strain vaccine or real-time qrt-p ... | 2014 | 25495277 |
| virus-like particles of chimeric recombinant porcine circovirus type 2 as antigen vehicle carrying foreign epitopes. | virus-like particles (vlps) of chimeric porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv2) were generated by replacing the nuclear localization signal (nls; at 1-39 aa) of pcv2 capsid protein (cap) with classical swine fever virus (csfv) t-cell epitope (1446-1460 aa), csfv b-cell epitope (693-716 aa) and csfv t-cell epitope conjugated with b-cell epitope. the recombinant proteins were expressed using the baculovirus expression system and detected by immunoblotting and indirect immunofluorescence assay. the abilit ... | 2014 | 25490764 |
| toxicity to the hematopoietic and lymphoid organs of piglets treated with a therapeutic dose of florfenicol. | florfenicol (flo) is a broad-spectrum antibacterial agent for treatment of bacteriosis of piglets in veterinary practice. to study the toxicity to the hematopoietic and lymphoid organs of piglets treated with a therapeutic dose of flo, 20 healthy weaned piglets were selected and randomly divided into two groups. piglets in the flo group were fed with fodder supplemented with 30mg/kg bw of flo twice a day for 10 days. blood samples were drawn at four time points: 1 day before flo administration a ... | 2014 | 25467888 |
| effects of the nuclear localization of the n(pro) protein of classical swine fever virus on its virulence in pigs. | the n(pro) protein of classical swine fever virus (csfv) is localized in the cytoplasm and nucleus. however, it is unknown whether the nuclear localization of n(pro) correlates with the virulence of csfv in the host. previously, we showed that the n(pro) protein fused with interferon regulatory factor 3 (irf3) was present only in the cytoplasm. here, we generated and evaluated a recombinant csfv vsm-irf3 harboring the irf3 gene inserted into the n(pro) gene of the highly virulent csfv shimen str ... | 2014 | 25457365 |
| glycoprotein e2 of classical swine fever virus expressed by baculovirus induces the protective immune responses in rabbits. | classical swine fever (csf) caused by csf virus (csfv) is a highly contagious and devastating disease that affects the pig industry worldwide. the glycoprotein e2 of csfv is the principal immunogenic protein that induces neutralizing antibodies and protective immunity. several csfv genotypes, including 1.1, 2.1, 2.2, and 2.3, have been identified in mainland china. the glycoprotein e2 of genotypes 1.1 and 2.1 was expressed by using a baculovirus system and tested for its protective immunity in r ... | 2014 | 25446823 |
| classical swine fever virus induces oxidative stress in swine umbilical vein endothelial cells. | classical swine fever virus (csfv) infection causes significant losses of pigs, which is characterized by hemorrhage, disseminated intravascular coagulation and leucopenia. the swine vascular endothelial cell is a primary target cell for csfv. the aim of this study was to determine the role of csfv infection in inducing oxidative stress (os) in vascular endothelial cells. | 2014 | 25439655 |
| efficacy of marker vaccine candidate cp7_e2alf against challenge with classical swine fever virus isolates of different genotypes. | classical swine fever (csf) is among the most important viral disease of domestic and feral pigs and has a serious impact on animal health and pig industry. in most countries with industrialized pig production, prophylactic vaccination against csf is banned, and all efforts are directed towards eradication of the disease, e.g. by culling of infected herds and animal movement restrictions. nevertheless, emergency vaccination remains an option to minimize the socio-economic impact of outbreaks. fo ... | 2014 | 24411658 |
| porcine circovirus type 2 decreases the infection and replication of attenuated classical swine fever virus in porcine alveolar macrophages. | recently, it has been noted that porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv2) infection adversely affects the protective efficacy of lapinized philippines coronel (lpc) vaccine, an attenuated strain of classical swine fever virus (csfv), in pigs. in order to investigate the possible mechanisms of the pcv2-derived interference, an in vitro model was established to study the interaction of lpc virus (lpcv) and pcv2 in porcine alveolar macrophages (ams). the results showed that pcv2 reduced the lpcv infection ... | 2014 | 24370262 |
| development of a loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay combined with a lateral flow dipstick for rapid and simple detection of classical swine fever virus in the field. | classical swine fever (csf) is a highly contagious viral disease and may cause heavy economic loss to farmers. the rapid, simple and accurate diagnosis of the disease at the frontline, for example on the farms of concern is crucial for disease control. this study describes the development and evaluation of a new loop-mediated isothermal amplification (lamp) assay coupled with lateral flow dipstick (lfd) for the detection of classical swine fever virus (csfv). this rt-lamp-lfd assay combines the ... | 2014 | 24300833 |
| npro of classical swine fever virus contributes to pathogenicity in pigs by preventing type i interferon induction at local replication sites. | classical swine fever (csf) caused by csf virus (csfv) is a highly contagious disease of pigs. the viral protein npro of csfv interferes with alpha- and beta-interferon (ifn-α/β) induction by promoting the degradation of interferon regulatory factor 3 (irf3). during the establishment of the live attenuated csf vaccine strain gpe-, npro acquired a mutation that abolished its capacity to bind and degrade irf3, rendering it unable to prevent ifn-α/β induction. in a previous study, we showed that th ... | 2014 | 24742209 |
| diva vaccine properties of the live chimeric pestivirus strain cp7_e2gif. | live modified vaccines to protect against classical swine fever virus (csfv), based on chimeric pestiviruses, have been developed to enable serological differentiation of infected from vaccinated animals (diva). in this context, the chimeric virus cp7_e2gif vaccine candidate is unique as it does not include any csfv components. in the present study, the diva vaccine properties of cp7_e2gif were evaluated in comparison to the conventional live attenuated riemser c-strain vaccine. sera and tonsil ... | 2014 | 24629779 |
| autocatalytic activity and substrate specificity of the pestivirus n-terminal protease npro. | pestivirus n(pro) is the first protein translated in the viral polypeptide, and cleaves itself off co-translationally generating the n-terminus of the core protein. once released, n(pro) blocks the host׳s interferon response by inducing degradation of interferon regulatory factor-3. n(pro׳)s intracellular autocatalytic activity and lack of trans-activity have hampered in vitro cleavage studies to establish its substrate specificity and the roles of individual residues. we constructed n(pro)-gfp ... | 2014 | 24606708 |
| first assessment of classical swine fever marker vaccine candidate cp7_e2alf for oral immunization of wild boar under field conditions. | oral vaccination against classical swine fever (csf) is a potent tool to control disease outbreaks in wild boar. so far, vaccination campaigns have been carried out using live attenuated vaccines that do not allow serological differentiation of infected from vaccinated animals (diva). although this drawback is acceptable for wild boar, the use of marker vaccines would facilitate studies on disease and vaccination dynamics. recently, the csf marker vaccine candidate cp7_e2alf was assessed for ora ... | 2014 | 24565752 |
| the role of noncoding regions of classical swine fever virus c-strain in its adaptation to the rabbit. | classical swine fever (csf) is a devastating disease of swine caused by classical swine fever virus (csfv). c-strain, a modified live vaccine against csf, was developed through hundreds of passages of a highly virulent csfv in the rabbit in china in the mid-1950s. to identify the role of noncoding regions (ncrs) of c-strain in its adaptation to the rabbit, we generated and evaluated a series of chimeric viruses derived from c-strain and the highly virulent shimen strain. the results demonstrated ... | 2014 | 24553098 |
| mapping quantitative trait loci for the lysozyme level and immunoglobulin g blocking percentage of classical swine fever virus. | increased disease resistance through improved general immune capacity would be beneficial for the welfare and productivity of farm animals. classical swine fever (csf) is a contagious disease in farm animals. the immunoglobulin g (igg) blocking percentage of csf virus (csfv) in serum is an essential diagnostic parameter in veterinary practice. in addition, lysozymes are a part of the innate immune system. to identify quantitative trait loci (qtl) for igg blocking percentage of csfv and lysozyme ... | 2014 | 24535855 |
| the untranslated regions of classic swine fever virus rna trigger apoptosis. | classical swine fever virus (csfv) causes a broad range of disease in pigs, from acute symptoms including high fever and hemorrhages, to chronic disease or unapparent infection, depending on the virus strain. csfv belongs to the genus pestivirus of the family flaviviridae. it carries a single-stranded positive-sense rna genome. an internal ribosomal entry site (ires) in the 5' untranslated region (utr) drives the translation of a single open reading frame encoding a 3898 amino acid long polypept ... | 2014 | 24533157 |
| cytokine and immunoglobulin isotype profiles during cp7_e2alf vaccination against a challenge with the highly virulent koslov strain of classical swine fever virus. | cp7_e2alf is a promising marker vaccine candidate against classical swine fever (csf). to better understand the mechanisms of protection, cytokine and isotype-specific antibody profiles were investigated in cp7_e2alf vaccinated pigs before and after challenge with the highly virulent csfv strain "koslov" at 14 days or 6 months post-vaccination. the interference of vaccination with csfv pathogeny-related cytokine responses, previously described following a moderately virulent challenge, was confi ... | 2014 | 24530018 |