Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
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| a two-species occupancy model accommodating simultaneous spatial and interspecific dependence. | occupancy models are popular for estimating the probability a site is occupied by a species of interest when detection is imperfect. occupancy models have been extended to account for interacting species and spatial dependence but cannot presently allow both factors to act simultaneously. we propose a two-species occupancy model that accommodates both interspecific and spatial dependence. we use a point-referenced multivariate hierarchical spatial model to account for both spatial and interspeci ... | 2016 | 27008774 |
| sarcoptic mange in the scandinavian wolf canis lupus population. | sarcoptic mange, a parasitic disease caused by the mite sarcoptes scabiei, is regularly reported on wolves canis lupus in scandinavia. we describe the distribution and transmission of this parasite within the small but recovering wolf population by analysing 269 necropsy reports and performing a serological survey on 198 serum samples collected from free-ranging wolves between 1998 and 2013. | 2016 | 27459965 |
| interference in the tundra predator guild studied using local ecological knowledge. | the decline or recolonization of apex predators such as wolves and lynx, often driven by management decisions, and the expansion of smaller generalist predators such as red foxes, can have important ecosystem impacts. the mesopredator release hypothesis proposes that apex predators control medium-sized predator populations through competition and/or intraguild predation. the decline of apex predators thus leads to an increase in mesopredators, possibly with a negative impact on prey populations. ... | 2016 | 26686344 |
| identification of host blood-meal sources and borrelia in field-collected ixodes ricinus ticks in north-western poland. | forest animals play fundamental roles in the maintenance of ixodes ricinus and borrelia species in the forest biotope. to identify the forest vertebrate species that are host for i. ricinus and for the recognition of the reservoirs of borrelia species, the blood-meal of 325 i. ricinus ticks collected at two forest sites in north-western poland were analysed. nested pcr was used to detect polymorphisms in a fragment of the mitochondrial 12s rrna gene for the identification of the hosts species. t ... | 2016 | 27007518 |
| when things go wrong: cysticercus longicollis in an adult wild red fox (vulpes vulpes). | first case of cysticercus longicollis, larval stage of taenia crassiceps, was diagnosed in a wild adult male red fox (vulpes vulpes). the fox was killed by dogs at nature park medvednica and presented to the university of zagreb faculty of veterinary medicine with history of being unable to run away and having skin lesions on legs that resembled to those of mange. necropsy revealed whitish fluctuant mass full of cysticercus-like structures, surrounded by fibrous capsule and placed between the le ... | 2016 | 26746845 |
| sarcocystis rommeli, n. sp. (apicomplexa: sarcocystidae) from cattle (bos taurus) and its differentiation from sarcocystis hominis. | cattle (bos taurus) are intermediate hosts for three named species of sarcocystis, s. cruzi, s. hirsuta, and s. hominis. recently, a fourth species was identified and named s. sinensis. however, s. sinensis originally named a species of sarcocystis in water buffalo (bubalus bubalis) in china. based on unverifiable evidence, it was suggested that the same parasite infects cattle. in addition, s. sinensis was recently declared as nomen nudum because its naming violated the rules of international c ... | 2016 | 26111603 |
| emergence of thelazia callipaeda infection in dogs and cats from east-central portugal. | the eyeworm thelazia callipaeda (spirurida, thelaziidae) infects domestic animals, wildlife and human beings, and is considered an emerging pathogen in europe. this study aimed at investigating the prevalence and risk factors of t. callipaeda infection in dogs and cats from east-central portugal, a region where the parasite was previously detected in two red foxes (vulpes vulpes). thelazia callipaeda was found in 22 (3.8%) of 586 dogs and in four (23.5%) of 17 cats. a total of 178 adult worms (7 ... | 2016 | 25382165 |
| the role of the wolf in endemic sylvatic trichinella britovi infection in the abruzzi region of central italy. | during the period 2004-2014 in the abruzzi region (central italy), muscle samples gathered from hunted wild boars (n=16,323) and retrieved from carcasses of other susceptible wild mammals (n=838) and birds (n=438) were tested for trichinella larvae according to european union regulations. although no positive samples were found from wild birds, 91 wild mammals tested positive. six species were found to harbor trichinella spp. infections, namely wolf (canis lupus, 59 positive samples out of 218), ... | 2016 | 27522469 |
| guardian or threat: does golden eagle predation risk have cascading effects on forest grouse? | previous studies on intraguild predation have mainly focused on within-class assemblages, even though avian top predators may also influence mammalian mesopredator prey. by using nation-wide long-term data from finland, northern europe, we examined the impacts of golden eagles (aquila chrysaetos) together with red foxes (vulpes vulpes) and pine martens (martes martes) on forest-dwelling herbivores, black grouse (tetrao tetrix) and hazel grouse (tetrastes bonasia). we hypothesized that eagles may ... | 2016 | 27342659 |
| adipose tissue macrophages in non-rodent mammals: a comparative study. | the stromal vascular fraction (svf) of adipose tissue in rodents and primates contains mesenchymal stem cells and immune cells. svf cells have complex metabolic, immune and endocrine functions with biomedical impact. however, in other mammals, the amount of data on svf stem cells is negligible and whether the svf hosts immune cells is unknown. in this study, we show that the svf is rich in immune cells, with a dominance of adipose tissue macrophages (atms) in cattle (bos primigenius taurus), dom ... | 2016 | 26239911 |
| autochthonous hepatozoon infection in hunting dogs and foxes from the czech republic. | blood samples from 21 red foxes (vulpes vulpes) and 8 hunting dogs from the same locality in the czech republic were examined for presence of hepatozoon canis/hepatozoon sp. the dogs were selected based on their close contact with foxes during fox bolting and because they had not traveled into known endemic areas. using diagnostic pcr amplifying partial 18s rdna fragment, hepatozoon dna was detected in 20 red foxes (95 %) and 4 dogs (50 %). from 8 positive foxes and 2 positive dogs, we obtained ... | 2016 | 27431805 |
| high and novel genetic diversity of francisella tularensis in germany and indication of environmental persistence. | in germany tularemia is a re-emerging zoonotic disease. therefore, we investigated wild animals and environmental water samples for the presence and phylogenetic diversity of francisella tularensis in the poorly studied berlin/brandenburg region. the phylogenomic analysis of three isolates from wild animals revealed three new subclades within the phylogenetic tree of f. tularensis [b.71 from a raccoon dog (nyctereutes procyonoides); b.74 from a red fox (vulpes vulpes), and b.75 from a eurasian b ... | 2016 | 27356883 |
| canine visceral leishmaniasis in wild canines (fox, jackal, and wolf) in northeastern iran using parasitological, serological, and molecular methods. | although many studies had been conducted on various aspects of canine visceral leishmaniasis (cvl) in domestic dogs in the endemic areas of iran, investigations on cvl in wild canines are rare. | 2016 | 28032106 |
| eucoleus boehmi infection in the nasal conchae and paranasal sinuses of red fox (vulpes vulpes) on prince edward island, canada. | eucoleus boehmi (nematoda: capillariidae) occurs in the nasal conchae and paranasal sinuses of wild and domestic canids. we surveyed the red fox ( vulpes vulpes ) on prince edward island, canada, for e. boehmi infection and characterized the associated histopathology. nasal capillarid infections were detected based on histologic examination of three coronal sections of the nasal cavity and by centrifugal flotation examination (cfe) of rectal feces. capillarids were detected in histologic section ... | 2016 | 26967142 |
| free-living species of carnivorous mammals in poland: red fox, beech marten, and raccoon as a potential reservoir of salmonella, yersinia, listeria spp. and coagulase-positive staphylococcus. | the objective of the study was to examine a population of free-living carnivorous mammals most commonly found in poland (red fox, beech marten, and raccoon) for the occurrence of bacteria that are potentially pathogenic for humans and other animal species and to determine their virulence potential (the presence of selected virulence genes). from the total pool of isolates obtained (n = 328), we selected 90 belonging to species that pose the greatest potential threat to human health: salmonella s ... | 2016 | 27171434 |
| prevalence of toxoplasma gondii and neospora caninum in red foxes in slovakia. | sera or meat juices of 177 red foxes (vulpes vulpes) originated from the localities of a human-influenced landscape (group 1) and 126 foxes from the protected mountain region (group 2) of slovakia, collected during 2010-2014 were tested for the presence of antibodies against toxoplasma gondii using indirect elisa and neospora caninum by competitive elisa. the tissue and uncoagulated blood samples were examined for the presence of the parasite's dna. the total seropositivity to t. gondii was 62.7 ... | 2016 | 27787208 |
| neospora caninum and toxoplasma gondii antibodies in red foxes (vulpes vulpes) in the czech republic. | neospora caninum and toxoplasma gondii are worldwide spread parasites, causing serious illnesses in sensitive animals; toxoplasmosis is also important zoonosis. although neosporosis is not considered as a zoonosis, it leads to aborted births in cattle, as well as paresis and paralysis in dogs. | 2016 | 27007522 |
| rabbit biocontrol and landscape-scale recovery of threatened desert mammals. | funding for species conservation is insufficient to meet the current challenges facing global biodiversity, yet many programs use expensive single-species recovery actions and neglect broader management that addresses threatening processes. arid australia has the world's worst modern mammalian extinction record, largely attributable to competition from introduced herbivores, particularly european rabbits (oryctolagus cuniculus) and predation by feral cats (felis catus) and foxes (vulpes vulpes). ... | 2016 | 26852773 |
| evaluation of elisa for the detection of rabies virus antibodies from the thoracic liquid and muscle extract samples in the monitoring of fox oral vaccination campaigns. | the main goal of oral vaccination of foxes is eradication of rabies in the red fox population as rabies reservoirs. to evaluate the success of vaccination a serological testing is conducted as a part of monitoring program. two different methods are used regarding rabies serology: virus neutralisation test and elisa. | 2016 | 27164987 |
| population structure of two rabies hosts relative to the known distribution of rabies virus variants in alaska. | for pathogens that infect multiple species, the distinction between reservoir hosts and spillover hosts is often difficult. in alaska, three variants of the arctic rabies virus exist with distinct spatial distributions. we tested the hypothesis that rabies virus variant distribution corresponds to the population structure of the primary rabies hosts in alaska, arctic foxes (vulpes lagopus) and red foxes (vulpes vulpes) to possibly distinguish reservoir and spillover hosts. we used mitochondrial ... | 2016 | 26661691 |
| characterization and application of newly developed polymorphic microsatellite markers in the ezo red fox (vulpes vulpes schrencki). | the ezo red fox (vulpes vulpes schrencki), a subspecies endemic to hokkaido island, japan, is a known host species for the tapeworm echinococcus multilocularis. to develop tools for molecular ecological studies, we isolated 28 microsatellite regions from the genome of ezo red fox, and developed 18 polymorphic microsatellite markers. these markers were characterized using 7 individuals and 22 fecal samples of the ezo red fox. the number of alleles for these markers ranged from 1 to 7, and the obs ... | 2016 | 28002597 |
| echinococcus multilocularis in foxes and raccoon dogs: an increasing concern for baltic countries. | in europe, the life-cycle of echinococcus multilocularis is predominantly sylvatic, involving red foxes (vulpes vulpes) as the main definitive hosts and rodents such as muskrats and arvicolids as intermediate hosts. the parasite is the etiological agent of human alveolar echinococcosis, a malignant zoonotic disease caused by the accidental ingestion of eggs shed by definitive hosts in their faeces. the aims of this study were to investigate the prevalence of e. multilocularis in red foxes and ra ... | 2016 | 27899156 |
| support for targeted sampling of red fox (vulpes vulpes) feces in sweden: a method to improve the probability of finding echinococcus multilocularis. | localized concentrations of echinococcus multilocularis eggs from feces of infected red fox (vulpes vulpes) can create areas of higher transmission risk for rodent hosts and possibly also for humans; therefore, identification of these areas is important. however, in a low prevalence environment, such as sweden, these areas could be easily overlooked. as part of a project investigating the role of different rodents in the epidemiology of e. multilocularis in sweden, fox feces were collected seaso ... | 2016 | 27899131 |
| peroral echinococcus multilocularis egg inoculation in myodes glareolus, mesocricetus auratus and mus musculus (cd-1 igs and c57bl/6j). | echinococcus multilocularis transmission predominantly occurs in europe between the red fox (vulpes vulpes) and various species of rodent intermediate hosts. we infected 3 species of rodent, myodes glareolus (n = 47), mesocricetus auratus (n = 11) and outbred mus musculus (cd-1 igs) (n = 9) with an e. multilocularis egg suspension that contained 100 eggs with viable oncospheres and performed post mortem examination 6, 8 (m. glareolus) and 10 weeks post inoculation (wpi). c57bl/6j mice (n = 4) we ... | 2016 | 27330986 |
| first identification of echinococcus multilocularis in rodent intermediate hosts in sweden. | echinococcus multilocularis is a zoonotic tapeworm with a sylvatic lifecycle and an expanding range in europe. monitoring efforts following its first identification in 2011 in sweden have focused on the parasite's definitive host, the red fox (vulpes vulpes). however, identifying rodent intermediate hosts is important to recognize opportunities for parasite transmission. during 2013-2015, livers from a total of 1566 rodents from four regions in sweden were examined for e. multilocularis metacest ... | 2016 | 27054089 |
| development of a real-time pcr for a sensitive one-step coprodiagnosis allowing both the identification of carnivore feces and the detection of toxocara spp. and echinococcus multilocularis. | studying the environmental occurrence of parasites of concern for humans and animals based on coprosamples is an expanding field of work in epidemiology and the ecology of health. detecting and quantifying toxocara spp. and echinococcus multilocularis, two predominant zoonotic helminths circulating in european carnivores, in feces may help to better target measures for prevention. a rapid, sensitive, and one-step quantitative pcr (qpcr) allowing detection of e. multilocularis and toxocara spp. w ... | 2016 | 26969697 |
| no evidence of dirofilaria repens infection in red foxes (vulpes vulpes) and raccoon dogs (nyctereutes procyonoides) from brandenburg, germany. | dirofilaria (d.) repens is a nematode causing dirofilariasis in dogs, cats and in humans. red foxes (vulpes vulpes) and raccoon dogs (nyctereutes procyonoides) are well-known wildlife reservoirs for zoonotic diseases. these two species are highly abundant in germany, frequently exposed to vector mosquitoes and potentially susceptible to dirofilaria infections. to obtain data about d. repens infections in these animals, red fox and raccoon dog carcasses (hunted or found dead) were collected from ... | 2016 | 26566618 |
| bartonella rochalimae and b. vinsonii subsp. berkhoffii in wild carnivores from colorado, usa. | spleen samples from 292 wild carnivores from colorado, us were screened for bartonella infection. bartonella dna was detected in coyotes ( canis latrans ) (28%), striped skunks ( mephitis mephitis ) (23%), red foxes ( vulpes vulpes ) (27%), and raccoons ( procyon lotor ) (8%) but not in black bears ( ursus americanus ), gray foxes ( urocyon cinereoargenteus ), and mountain lions ( puma concolor ). two bartonella species, b. vinsonii subsp. berkhoffii and b. rochalimae, were identified. all 10 in ... | 2016 | 27529290 |
| detection of bartonella spp. in wild carnivores, hyraxes, hedgehog and rodents from israel. | bartonella infection was explored in wild animals from israel. golden jackals (canis aureus), red foxes (vulpes vulpes), rock hyraxes (procavia capensis), southern white-breasted hedgehogs (erinaceus concolor), social voles (microtus socialis), tristram's jirds (meriones tristrami), cairo spiny mice (acomys cahirinus), house mice (mus musculus) and indian crested porcupines (hystrix indica) were sampled and screened by molecular and isolation methods. bartonella-dna was detected in 46 animals: 9 ... | 2016 | 27210612 |
| red fox as sentinel for blastomyces dermatitidis, ontario, canada. | blastomyces dermatitidis, a fungus that can cause fatal infection in humans and other mammals, is not readily recoverable from soil, its environmental reservoir. because of the red fox's widespread distribution, susceptibility to b. dermatitidis, close association with soil, and well-defined home ranges, this animal has potential utility as a sentinel for this fungus. | 2016 | 27314650 |
| antibodies to rickettsia spp. and borrelia burgdorferi in spanish wild red foxes (vulpes vulpes). | we examined 314 red foxes (vulpes vulpes) from the province of soria, spain, for rickettsia typhi, rickettsia slovaca, and borrelia burgdorferi infection. immunofluorescence assays showed 1.9% had antibodies to r. typhi, 6.7% had antibodies to r. slovaca, and 8.3% had antibodies to b. burgdorferi. serostatus was not correlated with sex or age. because red foxes can be infected by rickettsiae and b. burgdorferi, presence of red foxes may be and indicator for the presence of these pathogens. | 2016 | 26540334 |
| brucella vulpis sp. nov., isolated from mandibular lymph nodes of red foxes (vulpes vulpes). | two slow-growing, gram-negative, non-motile, non-spore-forming, coccoid bacteria (strains f60t and f965), isolated in austria from mandibular lymph nodes of two red foxes (vulpes vulpes), were subjected to a polyphasic taxonomic analysis. in a recent study, both isolates were assigned to the genus brucella but could not be attributed to any of the existing species. hence, we have analysed both strains in further detail to determine their exact taxonomic position and genetic relatedness to other ... | 2016 | 26928956 |
| serological and molecular epidemiology of canine adenovirus type 1 in red foxes (vulpes vulpes) in the united kingdom. | canine adenovirus type 1 (cav-1) causes infectious canine hepatitis (ich), a frequently fatal disease which primarily affects canids. in this study, serology (elisa) and molecular techniques (pcr/qpcr) were utilised to investigate the exposure of free-ranging red foxes (vulpes vulpes) to cav-1 in the united kingdom (uk) and to examine their role as a wildlife reservoir of infection for susceptible species. the role of canine adenovirus type 2 (cav-2), primarily a respiratory pathogen, was also e ... | 2016 | 27796367 |
| infectious canine hepatitis in red foxes (vulpes vulpes) in wildlife rescue centres in the uk. | outbreaks of infectious canine hepatitis are described in red foxes ( italic! vulpes vulpes) at two wildlife rescue centres in the uk. disease occurred in two-month-old to four-month-old juvenile foxes, which were held in small enclosures in groups of three to eight animals. the foxes died or were euthanased after a short clinical course, sometimes including neurological signs and jaundice, with a high case fatality rate. four red foxes submitted for postmortem examination had enlarged, congeste ... | 2016 | 27001767 |
| a ten-year molecular survey on parvoviruses infecting carnivores in bulgaria. | parvoviruses represent the most important infectious agents that are responsible for severe to fatal disease in carnivores. this study reports the results of a 10-year molecular survey conducted on carnivores in bulgaria (n = 344), including 262 dogs and 19 cats with gastroenteritis, and 57 hunted wild carnivores. real-time polymerase chain reaction (qpcr), followed by virus characterization by minor groove binder (mgb) probe assays, detected 216 parvovirus positive dogs with a predominance of c ... | 2016 | 25382194 |
| molecular survey of ehrlichia canis and coxiella burnetii infections in wild mammals of southern italy. | ehrlichiosis and q fever caused by the intracellular bacteria ehrlichia canis and coxiella burnetii, respectively, are tick-borne diseases with zoonotic potential and widespread geographical distribution. this study investigated the prevalence of both infections in wild mammals in southern italy. tissue samples obtained from the red fox (vulpes vulpes), european badger (meles meles), gray wolf (canis lupus), beech marten (martes foina), and crested porcupine (hystrix cristata) were processed for ... | 2016 | 27535678 |
| molecular detection of vector-borne pathogens in wild and domestic carnivores and their ticks at the human-wildlife interface. | urbanization of natural areas is considered one of the causes of the current apparent emergence of infectious diseases. carnivores are among the species that adapt well to urban and periurban environments, facilitating cross-species disease transmission with domestic dogs and cats, and potentially with their owners. the prevalence of vector-borne pathogens (vbp) of zoonotic and veterinary interest was studied in sympatric wild and domestic carnivores into barcelona metropolitan area (ne spain). ... | 2016 | 26643497 |
| development of crenosoma vulpis in the common garden snail cornu aspersum: implications for epidemiological studies. | crenosoma vulpis (dujardin, 1845), the fox lungworm, is a metastrongyloid affecting the respiratory tract of red foxes (vulpes vulpes), dogs (canis familiaris) and badgers (meles meles) living in europe and north america. the scant data available on the intermediate hosts of c. vulpis, as well as the limited information about the morphology of the larvae may jeopardise epidemiological studies on this parasite. | 2016 | 27079792 |
| corynebacterium diphtheriae in a free-roaming red fox: case report and historical review on diphtheria in animals. | corynebacterium diphtheriae, the classical causative agent of diphtheria, is considered to be nearly restricted to humans. here we report the first finding of a non-toxigenic c. diphtheriae biovar belfanti strain in a free-roaming wild animal. | 2016 | 26424684 |
| first report of cryptosporidium canis in foxes (vulpes vulpes) and raccoon dogs (nyctereutes procyonoides) and identification of several novel subtype families for cryptosporidium mink genotype in minks (mustela vison) in china. | despite the rapid and extensive advances in molecular epidemiology of cryptosporidium in humans and a variety of animals, the prevalence and genetic traits of the parasite in wildlife bred in captivity and the role of the neglected hosts in zoonotic transmission of human cryptosporidiosis are rarely understood. this study investigated the prevalence, species/genotype, and subtype of cryptosporidium in farmed fur animals in china and assessed the possibility of zoonotic transmission. three of 191 ... | 2016 | 27001467 |
| retrospective study on the distribution of dirofilaria immitis in dogs in hungary. | europe has experienced the spreading of vector-borne helminths including heartworms (dirofilaria immitis) from the mediterranean countries towards the northern ones in the past decades. recently, the establishment of d. immitis was confirmed in hungary on the basis of period prevalence studies involving dogs, red foxes (vulpes vulpes) and golden jackals (canis aureus). the aim of our retrospective study was to describe the spatial distribution of the parasite and the time course of spreading of ... | 2016 | 26995726 |
| parasite species of the endangered iberian wolf (canis lupus signatus) and a sympatric widespread carnivore. | parasites have a profound impact on wildlife population dynamics. however, until some years ago, studies on the occurrence and prevalence of wildlife parasites were neglected comparatively with the studies on humans and domestic animals. in this study, we determined the parasite prevalence of two sympatric wild canids: the endangered iberian wolf (canis lupus signatus) and the widespread red fox (vulpes vulpes), in central portugal. from november 2014 to july 2015, fresh fecal samples from both ... | 2016 | 27358768 |
| red fox (vulpes vulpes) as a potential reservoir host of cardiorespiratory parasites in bosnia and herzegovina. | red fox (vulpes vulpes) is considered as reservoir of different cardiorespiratory parasites of veterinary and medical importance. since data on cardiorespiratory parasites in foxes in bosnia and herzegovina are still lacking, the aims of the present study were to (i) investigate the prevalence and geographical distribution of these parasites, (ii) determine genetic diversity of detected parasite species, and (iii) to estimate the role of foxes in the transmission cycle to companion animals and h ... | 2016 | 27198779 |
| comparison of three methods for the detection of angiostrongylus vasorum in the final host. | angiostrongylosis is potentially fatal parasitic nematode infection affecting dogs which can be difficult to diagnose. in recent years several microscopical, serological and molecular detection methods have been developed, however there are few studies that have compared the relative performance of these methods. screening necropsy material from an opportunistic sample of 140 foxes (82 of which were considered to be infected with angiostrongylus vasorum), indicated sensitivities of 84.1% for dis ... | 2016 | 26995721 |
| geographical distribution of angiostrongylus vasorum in foxes (vulpes vulpes) in the republic of ireland. | the reported incidence of the metastrongylid nematode angiostrongylus vasorum, that infects dogs and other canids, is increasing worldwide outside recognized endemic foci. this apparent expansion of the parasite's range is causing concern to veterinary clinicians as the disease caused in dogs can be life threatening and its treatment is not straightforward. the red fox is thought to be a reservoir host for dogs. to investigate the spatial distribution of infection in foxes in ireland, the hearts ... | 2016 | 26940534 |
| assessing genetic structure in common but ecologically distinct carnivores: the stone marten and red fox. | the identification of populations and spatial genetic patterns is important for ecological and conservation research, and spatially explicit individual-based methods have been recognised as powerful tools in this context. mammalian carnivores are intrinsically vulnerable to habitat fragmentation but not much is known about the genetic consequences of fragmentation in common species. stone martens (martes foina) and red foxes (vulpes vulpes) share a widespread palearctic distribution and are cons ... | 2016 | 26727497 |
| are we getting the full picture? animal responses to camera traps and implications for predator studies. | camera trapping is widely used in ecological studies. it is often considered nonintrusive simply because animals are not captured or handled. however, the emission of light and sound from camera traps can be intrusive. we evaluated the daytime and nighttime behavioral responses of four mammalian predators to camera traps in road-based, passive (no bait) surveys, in order to determine how this might affect ecological investigations. wild dogs, european red foxes, feral cats, and spotted-tailed qu ... | 2016 | 27096080 |
| rabies in the baltic states: decoding a process of control and elimination. | rabies is a fatal zoonosis that still causes nearly 70, 000 human deaths every year. in europe, the oral rabies vaccination (orv) of red foxes (vulpes vulpes) was developed in the late 1970s and has demonstrated its effectiveness in the eradication of the disease in western and some central european countries. following the accession of the three baltic countries--estonia, latvia and lithuania--to the european union in 2004, subsequent financial support has allowed the implementation of regular ... | 2016 | 26849358 |
| echinococcus multilocularis and other zoonotic parasites in red foxes in estonia. | red fox (vulpes vulpes) is the most widely distributed canid in the world and an important source of multiple zoonotic pathogens capable of causing life-threatening diseases, such as rabies and alveolar echinococcosis. informing general public of potential risks related to foxes is becoming more important since the fox densities have increased in many countries and the species is colonizing urban areas in europe and around the world with increasing pace, bringing zoonotic pathogens to the immedi ... | 2016 | 27279259 |
| endoparasitic fauna of red foxes (vulpes vulpes) and golden jackals (canis aureus) in serbia. | wild canides have a high epizootiological - epidemiological significance, considering that they are hosts for some parasites which spread vector born diseases. increased frequency of certain interactions between domestic and wild canides increases the risk of occurrence, spreading and maintaining the infection of parasitic etiology in domestic canides. the research was conducted in 232 wild canides (172 red foxes and 60 golden jackals). the examined material was sampled from foxes and jackals, w ... | 2016 | 27078664 |
| identification of a novel aleutian mink disease virus b-cell epitope using a monoclonal antibody against vp2 protein. | aleutian mink disease virus (amdv) is a parvovirus that causes an immune complex-mediated disease in minks. capsid protein vp2 is a major structural viral protein and can be used to diagnose amdv. in this study, a specific monoclonal antibody, 1m13, was produced against the amdv vp2 protein (amino acids 291-502). a linear vp2-protein epitope was identified by subjecting a series of partially overlapping synthesized peptides to be enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) analysis. the results in ... | 2016 | 27354304 |
| detection of 'candidatus neoehrlichia mikurensis' and other anaplasmataceae and rickettsiaceae in canidae in switzerland and mediterranean countries. | 'candidatus neoehrlichia mikurensis' is an emerging tick-borne zoonotic agent that primarily affects immunocompromised human patients. dogs and foxes are frequently exposed to ticks, and both species are in close proximity to humans. this is the first study to systematically investigate the occurrence of 'candidatus neoehrlichia mikurensis' in canidae in europa. we analyzed 1'739 blood samples from dogs in switzerland, italy, spain and portugal and 162 blood samples from free-ranging red foxes ( ... | 2016 | 27707682 |
| multiple-locus variable-number tandem repeat analysis potentially reveals the existence of two groups of anaplasma phagocytophilum circulating in cattle in france with different wild reservoirs. | anaplasma phagocytophilum is the causative agent of tick-borne fever, a disease with high economic impact for domestic ruminants in europe. epidemiological cycles of this species are complex, and involve different ecotypes circulating in various host species. to date, these epidemiological cycles are poorly understood, especially in europe, as european reservoir hosts (i.e. vertebrate hosts enabling long-term maintenance of the bacterium in the ecosystem), of the bacterium have not yet been clea ... | 2016 | 27876073 |
| predation by red foxes (vulpes vulpes) at an outdoor piggery. | outdoor pig operations are an alternative to intensive systems of raising pigs; however for the majority of outdoor pork producers, issues of biosecurity and predation control require significant management and (or) capital investment. identifying and quantifying predation risk in outdoor pork operations has rarely been done, but such data would be informative for these producers as part of their financial and logistical planning. we quantified potential impact of fox predation on piglets bred o ... | 2016 | 27740601 |
| detection of babesia annae dna in lung exudate samples from red foxes (vulpes vulpes) in great britain. | this study aimed to determine the prevalence of babesia species dna in lung exudate samples collected from red foxes (vulpes vulpes) from across great britain. babesia are small piroplasmid parasites which are mainly transmitted through the bite of infected ticks of the family ixodidae. babesia can cause potentially fatal disease in a wide-range of mammalian species including humans, dogs and cattle, making them of significant economic importance to both the medical and veterinary fields. | 2016 | 26867572 |
| nutritional secondary hyperparathyroidism in alaskan red fox kits. | 2016 | 4810216 | |
| screening red foxes (vulpes vulpes) for possible viral causes of encephalitis. | next to various known infectious and non-infectious causes, the aetiology of non-suppurative encephalitis in red foxes (vulpes vulpes) often remains unclear. known causes in foxes imply rabies, canine distemper, toxoplasmosis, aujeszky's disease, as well as parvovirus, adenovirus, circovirus and flavivirus infections. in this study, particular attention was paid on bornaviruses, since red foxes are predators of bicoloured white-toothed shrews, a reservoir of borna disease virus 1 (bodv-1). in ad ... | 2016 | 27590473 |
| serological survey of toxoplasma gondii and besnoitia besnoiti in a wildlife conservation area in southern portugal. | toxoplasma gondii and besnoitia besnoiti are closely related apicomplexan protozoa. t. gondii is a zoonotic pathogen which may cause serious disease in man and warm-blooded animals, including wild species. b. besnoiti causes bovine besnoitiosis, an emergent disease in europe, which is linked to important production losses. unlike t. gondii, the life cycle of b. besnoiti remains a mystery, since the definitive host has not yet been identified. the aim of this work was to determine the seroprevale ... | 2016 | 31014504 |
| sarcoptic mange and other ectoparasitic infections in a red fox (vulpes vulpes) population from central italy. | fifty red foxes (vulpes vulpes) from the district of pisa (central italy) were examined for ectoparasites. sarcoptic mange was diagnosed on the presence of clearly visible skin lesions with confirmatory demonstration of sarcoptes scabiei at parasitological and histopathological analysis. ticks and fleas were collected directly from the carcases during post mortem examination, fixed and identified by morphological examination. for the detection of ear malassezia and mite infections, cytological a ... | 2016 | 29988193 |
| genotyping-by-sequencing (gbs) detects genetic structure and confirms behavioral qtl in tame and aggressive foxes (vulpes vulpes). | the silver fox (vulpes vulpes) offers a novel model for studying the genetics of social behavior and animal domestication. selection of foxes, separately, for tame and for aggressive behavior has yielded two strains with markedly different, genetically determined, behavioral phenotypes. tame strain foxes are eager to establish human contact while foxes from the aggressive strain are aggressive and difficult to handle. these strains have been maintained as separate outbred lines for over 40 gener ... | 2015 | 26061395 |
| first report of anaplasma platys infection in red foxes (vulpes vulpes) and molecular detection of ehrlichia canis and leishmania infantum in foxes from portugal. | the bacteria anaplasma platys and ehrlichia canis and the protozoan leishmania infantum are vector-borne agents that cause canine vector-borne diseases, some of which are zoonotic. the present survey investigated the prevalence of anaplasma, ehrlichia and leishmania in red foxes (vulpes vulpes) from portugal by molecular analysis, in order to evaluate the epidemiological role of these canids as reservoirs of infection. | 2015 | 25889750 |
| molecular detection of anaplasma phagocytophilum and borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato genospecies in red foxes (vulpes vulpes) from romania. | red foxes (vulpes vulpes) are one of the most widespread wild carnivores in the world, being recognized to harbor and transmit a wide range of vector-borne diseases. anaplasma phagocytophilum and borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato are zoonotic tick-borne pathogens causing emerging diseases. wild animals play an essential role in the transmission of diseases and pathogens maintenance in nature. epidemiological studies regarding the prevalence of tick-borne pathogens in red foxes are of public health ... | 2015 | 26449360 |
| the role of wildlife in the transmission of parasitic zoonoses in peri-urban and urban areas. | during the last 100 years in many countries of the world, there have been dramatic changes in natural/rural landscapes due to urbanization. since many wildlife species are unable to adapt to these alterations in their environment, urbanization is commonly responsible for a decline of biodiversity in areas of urban development. in contrast, some wild animal species are attracted to peri-urban and urban habitats due to the availability of an abundant food supply and the presence of structures in w ... | 2015 | 25830108 |
| reclassification of theileria annae as babesia vulpes sp. nov. | theileria annae is a tick-transmitted small piroplasmid that infects dogs and foxes in north america and europe. due to disagreement on its placement in the theileria or babesia genera, several synonyms have been used for this parasite, including babesia spanish dog isolate, babesia microti-like, babesia (theileria) annae, and babesia cf. microti. infections by this parasite cause anemia, thrombocytopenia, and azotemia in dogs but are mostly subclinical in red foxes (vulpes vulpes). furthermore, ... | 2015 | 25890372 |
| a molecular survey of vector-borne pathogens in red foxes (vulpes vulpes) from bosnia and herzegovina. | red foxes (vulpes vulpes) have recently been recognized as potential reservoirs of several vector-borne pathogens and a source of infection for domestic dogs and humans, mostly due to their close vicinity to urban areas and frequent exposure to different arthropod vectors. the aim of this study was to investigate the presence and distribution of babesia spp., hepatozoon canis, anaplasma spp., bartonella spp., 'candidatus neoehrlichia mikurensis', ehrlichia canis, rickettsia spp. and blood filaro ... | 2015 | 25889961 |
| first report on babesia cf. microti infection of red foxes (vulpes vulpes) from hungary. | to date, only one report of a small babesia infection based on microscopic observation which caused babesiosis in two dogs in hungary has been published. babesiosis due to babesia canis - which is endemic in the local dogs - has only been detected in captive grey wolves. no information is available on babesial/theilerial infections in red foxes in hungary. the aim of the study was to screen red foxes in hungary for babesial parasites by pcr and to compare their partial 18s rrna gene sequences to ... | 2015 | 25623386 |
| candidatus neoehrlichia sp. in an austrian fox is distinct from candidatus neoehrlichia mikurensis, but closer related to candidatus neoehrlichia lotoris. | candidatus neoehrlichia came under the focus of recent research in terms of human and pet relevance. candidatus neoehrlichia mikurensis seems to be relatively abundant in animals and humans from central european countries, whereas candidatus neoehrlichia lotoris was found solely in raccoons from the usa. | 2015 | 26471191 |
| spatial distribution of anaplasma phagocytophilum and hepatozoon canis in red foxes (vulpes vulpes) in hungary. | in recent years, ehrlichia canis and hepatozoon canis transmitted by rhipicephalus sanguineus were reported from hungary. the aim of the present study was to reveal the spatial distribution pattern of pathogens transmitted by r. sanguineus in a sentinel species, red fox (vulpes vulpes) in hungary and to analyse the relationship of these patterns with landscape and climate by geographical information systems. fox carcasses, representing 0.5% of the total fox population were randomly selected out ... | 2015 | 26065623 |
| climate-driven environmental changes around 8,200 years ago favoured increases in cetacean strandings and mediterranean hunter-gatherers exploited them. | cetacean mass strandings occur regularly worldwide, yet the compounded effects of natural and anthropogenic factors often complicate our understanding of these phenomena. evidence of past stranding episodes may, thus, be essential to establish the potential influence of climate change. investigations on bones from the site of grotta dell'uzzo in north west sicily (italy) show that the rapid climate change around 8,200 years ago coincided with increased strandings in the mediterranean sea. stable ... | 2015 | 26573384 |
| controlling of csfv in european wild boar using oral vaccination: a review. | classical swine fever (csf) is among the most detrimental diseases for the swine industry worldwide. infected wild boar populations can play a crucial role in csf epidemiology and controlling wild reservoirs is of utmost importance for preventing domestic outbreaks. oral mass vaccination (omv) has been implemented to control csf in wild boars and limit the spill over to domestic pigs. this retrospective overview of vaccination experiences illustrates the potential for that option. the c-strain l ... | 2015 | 26557109 |
| interspecific and geographic variation in the diets of sympatric carnivores: dingoes/wild dogs and red foxes in south-eastern australia. | dingoes/wild dogs (canis dingo/familiaris) and red foxes (vulpes vulpes) are widespread carnivores in southern australia and are controlled to reduce predation on domestic livestock and native fauna. we used the occurrence of food items in 5875 dingo/wild dog scats and 11,569 fox scats to evaluate interspecific and geographic differences in the diets of these species within nine regions of victoria, south-eastern australia. the nine regions encompass a wide variety of ecosystems. diet overlap be ... | 2015 | 25790230 |
| angiostrongylus vasorum infection in red foxes (vulpes vulpes) in southern italy. | angiostrongylus vasorum (nematoda: angiostrongylidae) infection was detected at post-mortem examination in the pulmonary arteries and hearts of 34/102 (33,3%) of red foxes (vulpes vulpes) from the campania region in southern italy. pathological changes consisted of granulomatous interstitial pneumonia caused by larvae and intravascular pulmonary adult nematodes. these changes confirm that angiostrongylosis infection in red foxes has a mainly chronic course, in which the infected host may dispers ... | 2015 | 26204007 |
| detection of angiostrongylus vasorum in red foxes (vulpes vulpes) from brandenburg, germany. | angiostrongylus (a.) vasorum is a nematode that causes angiostrongylosis in domestic and wild canids. red foxes (vulpes vulpes) and raccoon dogs (nyctereutes procyonoides) are suspected of providing a wildlife reservoir for a. vasorum infections in pet dogs. to obtain data on the occurrence of a. vasorum in wildlife, red fox and raccoon dog carcasses (hunted or found dead) were collected from january to september 2009 in the federal state of brandenburg, germany. lung tissue samples were subject ... | 2015 | 26152419 |
| environmental determinants of the spatial distribution of angiostrongylus vasorum, crenosoma vulpis and eucoleus aerophilus in hungary. | angiostrongylus vasorum, crenosoma vulpis and eucoleus aerophilus (syn. capillaria aerophila) are the most important lungworm species infecting wild and domesticated canids in europe. to investigate the spatial distribution of these parasites and the factors influencing their circulation in the fox populations, 937 red foxes (vulpes vulpes) were tested for lungworm infection in hungary. the prevalence of a. vasorum, c. vulpis and e. aerophilus infection was high (17.9, 24.6 and 61.7%). the distr ... | 2015 | 25547643 |
| wild red foxes (vulpes vulpes) as sentinels of parasitic diseases in the province of soria, northern spain. | four hundred red foxes (vulpes vulpes) were examined for ecto- (arthropods) and endoparasites (leishmania spp., trichinella spp., and intestinal parasites). different species of flea (total prevalence, 40.50%), tick (16.25%), mite (7.25%), and fly (1.50%) were identified. the most prevalent flea was pulex irritans (found on 29% of the foxes); the most prevalent tick, mite, and fly were ixodes canisuga (on 5%), sarcoptes scabiei (on 5.25%), and hippobosca equina (on 1%), respectively. the endopar ... | 2015 | 26565688 |
| extraintestinal nematodes of the red fox vulpes vulpes in north-west italy. | extraintestinal nematodes of the red fox (vulpes vulpes) are a wide group of parasites that infect wild and domestic carnivores and occasionally humans. nematodes in the cardiopulmonary system, stomach, urinary apparatus and muscle tissue of 165 red foxes (vulpes vulpes) from north-west italy (liguria and piedmont) were investigated between 2009 and 2012. of the cardiopulmonary nematodes, a high prevalence of angiostrongylus vasorum and eucoleus aerophilus (syn. capillaria aerophila) was found, ... | 2015 | 24725462 |
| morphological and molecular identification of dirofilaria immitis from jackal (canis aureus) in north khorasan, northeast iran. | the heartworm dirofilaria immitis is an important mosquito-borne zoonotic nematode of domestic and wild mammals throughout the world, causing cardiopulmonary dirofilariasis. this parasite has been reported from carnivores in some provinces of iran. however, in the present study, the occurrence of this filarial nematode is reported for the first time in wild canids of the north khorasan province, located in northeast iran, based on morphological and molecular characteristics. | 2015 | 26714514 |
| dioctophyme renale in vulpes vulpes from the caspian sea littoral of iran. | during a long term of road survey for detection of the zoonotic helminthes in carnivores, a male vulpes vulpes was naturally found infected by dioctophyme renale in caspian sea littoral in iran. since the parasite transmission usually occurs through consumption of fish and other accidental food items, investigation of the worm amongst fish-eating animals in the areas with potential circulation of the helminth life cycle, has been regarded as a public health importance so far. concerning the rout ... | 2015 | 26284212 |
| toxigenic corynebacterium ulcerans isolated from a free-roaming red fox (vulpes vulpes). | corynebacterium (c.) ulcerans could be isolated from the spleen of a red fox (vulpes vulpes) that had been found dead in the state of baden-württemberg, germany. pathohistological examination suggested that the fox had died of distemper, as was confirmed by pcr. the isolate was identified biochemically, by maldi-tof ms, ft-ir and by partial 16s rrna, rpob and tox gene sequencing. using the elek test the c. ulcerans isolate demonstrated diphtheria toxin production. ft-ir and sequencing data obtai ... | 2015 | 26054226 |
| coxiella burnetii dna detected in domestic ruminants and wildlife from portugal. | coxiella burnetii is the etiological agent of q fever or coxiellosis, a zoonosis mainly affecting domestic ruminants. information on the population structure and epidemiology of c. burnetii in animals is scarce in portugal. evidence of c. burnetti infection was sought in domestic, wild and captive animals based on the detection of bacterial dna. tissue samples from 152 domestic animals (cattle=24, goats=51, sheep=76 and swine=1), 55 wild carnivores (egyptian mongoose=45, red fox=4, common genet= ... | 2015 | 26345258 |
| pearsonema plica (capillaria plica) infection and associated urinary bladder pathology in red foxes (vulpes vulpes) from bosnia and herzegovina. | pearsonema plica is a widely distributed nematode parasite that occurs in the urinary tract of various domestic and wild carnivores. the aim of this study was to investigate the occurrence and geographical distribution of p. plica and associated urinary bladder pathology in 112 red foxes (70 males, 42 females; 87 adults >1 year, 25 juveniles <1 year) from six different geographical regions in bosnia and herzegovina. the urinary bladders of the red foxes were subjected to gross examination and hi ... | 2015 | 25687525 |
| associations between biosecurity and outbreaks of canine distemper on danish mink farms in 2012-2013. | during 8 months from july 2012 to february 2013, a major outbreak of canine distemper involving 64 mink farms occurred on the danish peninsula of jutland. the canine distemper outbreak was associated with exposure of farmed mink to infected wild carnivores and could represent a deficit in biosecurity on the mink farms. the aim of this study was to investigate the extent and association of specific biosecurity measures with the outbreak. the study was carried out in an epidemiological case-contro ... | 2015 | 26423523 |
| pathogenesis of canine distemper virus in experimentally infected raccoon dogs, foxes, and minks. | canine distemper virus (cdv) infects a broad range of carnivores and causes a highly contagious disease with severe immunosuppression. the disease severity markedly varies in different species. to investigate the pathogenesis of cdv in raccoon dog (nyctereutes procyonoides), fox (vulpes vulpes) and mink (neovison vison) species, three groups of cdv sero-negative animals were infected with cdv strain ln(10)1. this cdv strain belongs to the asia-1 genotype, which is epidemiologically predominant i ... | 2015 | 26210812 |
| the present situation of echinococcoses in mongolia. | this review presents the historical and current situation of echinococcoses in mongolia. since the collapse of the soviet union in 1991, mongolia's health surveillance infrastructure has been very poor, especially as it pertains to chronic diseases, including neglected zoonotic diseases (nzds). although there is anecdotal evidence of people dying from hepatic disease due to infection with the larval stage of echinococcus spp., there are very few published reports. all confirmed cases of echinoco ... | 2015 | 26234999 |
| widespread presence of human-pathogenic enterocytozoon bieneusi genotype d in farmed foxes (vulpes vulpes) and raccoon dogs (nyctereutes procyonoides) in china: first identification and zoonotic concern. | enterocytozoon bieneusi is a well-known causative agent of microsporidial infections in a variety of mammal hosts including humans in china, whereas there were no epidemiological data on wild animals bred in captivity, and the role of the neglected hosts in transmission of zoonotic microsporidiasis remains unknown. herein, we investigated feces from 191 farmed foxes (vulpes vulpes) and 162 farmed raccoon dogs (nyctereutes procyonoides) for the prevalence and genotypic characteristics of e. biene ... | 2015 | 26341801 |
| heavy metal concentrations in the small intestine of red fox (vulpes vulpes) with and without echinococcus multilocularis infection. | heavy metal (cd, cr, cu, fe, mn, ni, pb and zn) levels in red fox small intestine samples with or without echinococcus multilocularis infection were studied. the red foxes were taken from the open countryside of northwest bohemia (cr). red foxes with e. multilocularis infection had lower levels of toxic metals (cd, pb); cadmium levels in infected foxes (0.0052 mg/kg) were twice as low as in uninfected foxes (0.0106 mg/kg). this was the same case for lead: 0.0288 mg/kg infected red foxes (inf.) a ... | 2015 | 25335764 |
| echinococcus multilocularis: epidemiology, surveillance and state-of-the-art diagnostics from a veterinary public health perspective. | alveolar echinococcosis (ae), caused by the larval (metacestode) stage of echinococcus multilocularis, is considered one of the most serious parasitic zoonoses in central and eastern europe and is emerging also in large parts of asia and in north america. the red fox represents the main definitive host of e. multilocularis in europe, but the raccoon dog, the domestic dog and to a much lesser extent the domestic cat also represent potential definitive hosts. the natural intermediate hosts of e. m ... | 2015 | 26298509 |
| establishment and development of echinococcus multilocularis metacestodes in the common vole (microtus arvalis) after oral inoculation with parasite eggs. | transmission of the zoonotic tapeworm, echinococcus multilocularis mainly occurs between the red fox (vulpes vulpes) and various species of vole. microtus arvalis is considered one of the key intermediate hosts in europe. we infected 21 m. arvalis aged 35 days (n=2), 56 days (n=6), 84 days (n=4) and 263 days (n=9) with 100 e. multilocularis eggs. four voles aged 263 days were euthanized at 6 weeks post inoculation (wpi) with the remainder euthanized 10 wpi for analysis of metacestode growth and ... | 2015 | 26279253 |
| trophic ecology, behaviour and host population dynamics in echinococcus multilocularis transmission. | the life cycle of the cestode echinococcus multilocularis primarily involves canids and small mammals (rodents, lagomorphs) as definitive and intermediate hosts, respectively. several surveys have identified marked temporal and geographical variations at different scales in the parasite's prevalence in both types of hosts, suggesting variations in the biological and ecological factors that control transmission processes. the parasite transmission from intermediate to definitive hosts is determin ... | 2015 | 26276578 |
| first report of the zoonotic tapeworm echinococcus multilocularis in raccoon dogs in estonia, and comparisons with other countries in europe. | the raccoon dog (nyctereutes procyonoides) is an alien species in europe and an important vector of zoonotic diseases. however, compared to the red fox (vulpes vulpes), less attention has been paid to the raccoon dog as a potentially important host for echinococcus multilocularis, the infective agent of alveolar echinococcosis, which is an emerging infectious disease with a high mortality rate. we examined the small intestines of 249 estonian raccoon dogs and found 1.6% of individuals to be infe ... | 2015 | 26165632 |
| predictors of echinococcus multilocularis prevalence in definitive and intermediate hosts: a meta-analysis approach. | echinococcus multilocularis (em) is a pathogenic and potentially fatal cestode causing human alveolar echinococcosis (ae). a meta-analysis was conducted using a generalized estimation equation approach (gee) to assess the effect of taxonomic, environmental, and diagnostic variables on em prevalence in different hosts. red foxes ( vulpes vulpes ) had significantly higher prevalence of em than domestic dogs ( canis lupus familiaris), with the diagnostic method playing an important factor in assess ... | 2015 | 25723380 |
| genetic characterisation of the rabies virus vaccine strains used for oral immunization of foxes in poland to estimate the effectiveness of vaccination. | the main reservoir of rabies virus in poland has been the red fox. to control rabies in wildlife, oral immunization of foxes was introduced in 1993. the vaccine is effective when it confers immunity against the virus circulating in the environment. to assess the above issue, a study of the molecular characteristics of 570-bp fragments of the n and g genes of vaccine strains sad b19 and sad bern against street virus strains was performed. the results confirmed the similarity of the vaccine strain ... | 2015 | 25408374 |
| molecular identification of mycobacterium avium subsp. silvaticum by duplex high-resolution melt analysis and subspecies-specific real-time pcr. | accurate identification of mycobacterial species and subspecies is essential to evaluate their significance and to perform epidemiological studies. the subspecies of mycobacterium avium have different attributes but coincide in their zoonotic potential. our knowledge about m. avium subsp. silvaticum is limited, since its identification is uncertain. mycobacterium avium subsp. avium and m. avium subsp. silvaticum can be discriminated from each other based only on phenotypic characteristics, as th ... | 2015 | 25740770 |
| detection of leishmania infantum in red foxes (vulpes vulpes) in central greece. | this is the first record of leishmania detection in foxes in greece. spleen, lymph nodes, bone marrow and blood samples were collected from 47 red foxes (vulpes vulpes) found dead or captured, narcotized and freed after bleeding, from november 2009 to 2011, in fthiotida prefecture, central greece. this is an endemic for canine leishmaniasis area with several human visceral leishmaniasis cases. the samples were tested for leishmania infantum and leishmania tropica by molecular methods (polymerase ... | 2015 | 26399545 |
| molecular survey of hepatozoon canis in red foxes (vulpes vulpes) from romania. | blood samples of 119 red foxes, originating from 44 hunting grounds of 3 western counties (arad, hunedoara, and timiş) of romania, have been examined for the presence of hepatozoon canis infection using the conventional polymerase chain reaction (pcr) of the fragment of 18s rrna gene. overall, 15 (12.6%) samples were found to be pcr-positive. of the sampled hunting grounds, 29.5% (13/44) were found positive. positive samples were recorded in all screened counties with the prevalence of 14.8% (9/ ... | 2015 | 25764146 |
| first report of trichinella pseudospiralis in a red fox in mainland britain. | active surveillance of red foxes for trichinella has been undertaken in mainland britain since 1999. post-mortems are carried out, followed by a magnetic stirrer method for sample digestion based on european commission (ec) regulation 216/2014 (which amends 2075/2005). initially samples are tested in batches of 20 foxes and in december 2013, for the first time under the surveillance programme, a batch tested positive for trichinella at the animal and plant health agency, york. further individual ... | 2015 | 25659659 |
| avian top predator and the landscape of fear: responses of mammalian mesopredators to risk imposed by the golden eagle. | top predators may induce extensive cascading effects on lower trophic levels, for example, through intraguild predation (igp). the impacts of both mammalian and avian top predators on species of the same class have been extensively studied, but the effects of the latter upon mammalian mesopredators are not yet as well known. we examined the impact of the predation risk imposed by a large avian predator, the golden eagle (aquila chrysaetos, l.), on its potential mammalian mesopredator prey, the r ... | 2015 | 25691975 |
| genetic evidence of interspecies introgression of mitochondrial genomes between trichinella spiralis and trichinella britovi under natural conditions. | trichinellosis is a zoonotic disease caused by trichinella muscle larvae (ml) through ingestion of raw or undercooked meat. to date, 12 taxa are recognized in this genus, of which four are circulating in europe (trichinella spiralis, trichinella nativa, trichinella britovi and trichinella pseudospiralis). t. spiralis and t. britovi circulate in european wildlife and occur simultaneously in the same host species. the possibility of hybrid formation between t. britovi and t. spiralis has hardly be ... | 2015 | 26458526 |
| trichinella britovi in a red fox (vulpes vulpes) from portugal. | trichinellosis is one of the most important foodborne parasitic zoonoses, caused by nematodes of the genus trichinella. pigs and other domestic and wild animals, including red foxes (vulpes vulpes), are sources of trichinella infection for human beings. trichinella britovi is the major agent of infection in sylvatic animals and the most important species circulating in the european wildlife. the present study aimed at assessing trichinella spp. infection in red foxes from the north of portugal. ... | 2015 | 25934252 |
| the red fox (vulpes vulpes) plays a minor role in the epidemiology of the domestic cycle of trichinella in romania. | nematode worms of the genus trichinella are zoonotic parasites with a worldwide distribution. the majority of the biomass of these nematodes circulates among wildlife, but when humans fail in the proper management of domestic animals and wildlife, trichinella infections are transmitted from the sylvatic to the domestic environment. such failures occur in romania, where a high prevalence of trichinella spiralis has been detected in domestic pigs. the aim of the present study was to provide data a ... | 2015 | 26185060 |