Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| trichomonas vaginalis associated with chronic penile ulcers and multiple urethral fistulas. | the case of a 29-year-old, hiv-infected man presenting with trichomonas vaginalis (tv)-associated chronic penile ulcers and multiple urethral fistulas is described. to our knowledge, this is the first description of chronic tv infection being implicated as the probable cause of a destructive lesion leading to sinus drainage and fistula formation. | 2015 | 25778505 |
| synthesis and in vitro and in vivo biological evaluation of substituted nitroquinoxalin-2-ones and 2,3-diones as novel trichomonacidal agents. | two series of ten novel 7-nitroquinoxalin-2-ones and ten 6-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-diones with diverse substituents at positions 1 and 4 were synthesized and evaluated against the sexually transmitted parasite trichomonas vaginalis. furthermore, diverse molecular and drug-likeness properties were analyzed to predict the oral bioavailability following the lipinski's "rule of five". 7-nitroquinoxalin-2-one derivatives displayed moderate to high in vitro activity while the efficiency of most nitroquin ... | 2015 | 25771033 |
| trichomoniasis: a brief review of diagnostic methods and our experience with real-time pcr for detecting infection. | trichomoniasis is the most common non-viral sexually transmitted infection, and it is caused by the protozoan flagellate trichomonas vaginalis. although highly prevalent in sexually active women, it has long been overlooked in other groups of potentially infected people. recently, studies have shown that trichomoniasis increases the risk of infection with human immunodeficiency virus and can cause adverse outcomes of pregnancy, which has increased interest in t. vaginalis and increased the need ... | 2015 | 25770306 |
| trichomonas vaginalis infection among iranian general population of women: a systematic review and meta-analysis. | trichomonas vaginalis (t. vaginalis) is one of the main causes of vaginitis, prostatitis, and cervicitis all over the world. little information is available regarding the burden of t. vaginalis infection in iranian women. this systematic review and meta-analysis were carried out to determine the prevalence of t. vaginalis among general population of iranian women. data were systematically collected from 1992 to 2012 in iran on such electronic databases as pubmed, google scholar, science direct, ... | 2015 | 25732256 |
| the c-terminal tail of tetraspanin proteins regulates their intracellular distribution in the parasite trichomonas vaginalis. | the parasite trichomonas vaginalis is the causative agent of trichomoniasis, a prevalent sexually transmitted infection. here, we report the cellular analysis of t.vaginalis tetraspanin family (tvtsps). this family of membrane proteins has been implicated in cell adhesion, migration and proliferation in vertebrates. we found that the expression of several members of the family is up-regulated upon contact with vaginal ectocervical cells. we demonstrate that most tvtsps are localized on the surfa ... | 2015 | 25703821 |
| pentamycin shows high efficacy against trichomonas vaginalis. | trichomonas vaginalis is the causative agent of the venereal disease trichomoniasis, which is the most frequent non-viral sexually transmitted disease worldwide. since the 1960s, metronidazole has been the standard treatment, however an increasing number of cases with metronidazole-resistant strains is being reported. in this study, pentamycin, a polyene antibiotic, was tested for its in vitro efficacy against t. vaginalis using four strains with different metronidazole susceptibilities. it was ... | 2015 | 25703311 |
| iron from haemoglobin and haemin modulates nucleotide hydrolysis in trichomonas vaginalis. | extracellular atp may act as a danger signalling molecule, inducing inflammation and immune responses in infection sites. the ectonucleotidases ntpdase and ecto-5'-nucleotidase are enzymes that modulate extracellular nucleotide levels; these enzymes have been previously characterised in trichomonas vaginalis. iron plays an important role in the complex trichomonal pathogenesis. herein, the effects of iron on growth, nucleotide hydrolysis and ntpdase gene expression in t. vaginalis isolates from ... | 2015 | 25946243 |
| antenatal lower genital tract infection screening and treatment programs for preventing preterm delivery. | genital tract infection is associated with preterm birth (before 37 weeks' gestation). screening for infections during pregnancy may therefore reduce the numbers of babies being born prematurely. however, screening for infections may have some adverse effects, such as increased antibiotic drug resistance and increased cost of treatment. | 2015 | 25922860 |
| the pathogenesis of human cervical epithelium cells induced by interacting with trichomonas vaginalis. | trichomonas vaginalis is a protozoan parasite that occurs in the urogenital-vaginal tract and is the primary causative agent of trichomoniasis, a common sexually transmitted disease in humans. the aggregation of this protozoan tends to destroy epithelial cells and induce pathogenesis. | 2015 | 25901354 |
| papanicolaou smear findings in solid-organ transplant recipients compared with normal subjects according to the bethesda 2001 system. | solid-organ transplant recipients are at increased risk of developing cancer including cervical cancer compared with woman in the general population, mostly due to long-term immunosuppressive therapy. the papanicolaou smear remains the primary method of screening cervical pathology including preinvasive and invasive lesions. the objective of this study was to evaluate pap smear findings in solid-organ transplant recipients, determine the prevalence of abnormal smears, and compare these patients ... | 2015 | 25894158 |
| p transposable elements in drosophila and other eukaryotic organisms. | p transposable elements were discovered in drosophila as the causative agents of a syndrome of genetic traits called hybrid dysgenesis. hybrid dysgenesis exhibits a unique pattern of maternal inheritance linked to the germline-specific small rna piwi-interacting (pirna) pathway. the use of p transposable elements as vectors for gene transfer and as genetic tools revolutionized the field of drosophila molecular genetics. p element transposons have served as a useful model to investigate mechanism ... | 2015 | 25893144 |
| kinetics of circulating antibody response to trichomonas vaginalis: clinical and diagnostic implications. | persistence of antibodies against pathogens after antimicrobial treatment is a marker of therapy failure or evolution to a chronic infection. the kinetics of antibody production decrease following antigen elimination is highly variable, and predicting the duration of soluble immunity in infectious diseases is often impossible. this hampers the development and use of immunoassays for diagnostic and seroepidemiological purposes. in the case of trichomonas vaginalis infection, the kinetics of antib ... | 2015 | 25887282 |
| involvement of pi3k/akt and mapk pathways for tnf-α production in siha cervical mucosal epithelial cells infected with trichomonas vaginalis. | trichomonas vaginalis; induces proinflammation in cervicovaginal mucosal epithelium. to investigate the signaling pathways in tnf-α production in cervical mucosal epithelium after t. vaginalis infection, the phosphorylation of pi3k/akt and mapk pathways were evaluated in t. vaginalis-infected siha cells in the presence and absence of specific inhibitors. t. vaginalis increased tnf-α production in siha cells, in a parasite burden-dependent and incubation time-dependent manner. in t. vaginalis-inf ... | 2015 | 26323834 |
| in vitro anti-trichomonas vaginalis activity of pistacia lentiscus mastic and ocimum basilicum essential oil. | trichomonas vaginalis is a protozoan parasite that causes trichomoniasis; a cosmopolitan sexually transmitted disease. metronidazole is the drug of choice for t. vaginalis infections. the increase in metronidazole resistant parasites and undesirable side effects of this drug makes the search for an alternative a priority for the management of trichomoniasis. pistacia lentiscus mastic and ocimum basilicum oil are known for their antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral and antiprotozoal effects. the ... | 2015 | 26345053 |
| novel insights into the molecular events linking to cell death induced by tetracycline in the amitochondriate protozoan trichomonas vaginalis. | trichomonas vaginalis colonizes the human urogenital tract and causes trichomoniasis, the most common nonviral sexually transmitted disease. currently, 5-nitroimidazoles are the only recommended drugs for treating trichomoniasis. however, increased resistance of the parasite to 5-nitroimidazoles has emerged as a highly problematic public health issue. hence, it is essential to identify alternative chemotherapeutic agents against refractory trichomoniasis. tetracycline (tet) is a broad-spectrum a ... | 2015 | 26303799 |
| prevalence of and risk factors for bacterial vaginosis among women of reproductive age attending cervical screening in southeastern brazil. | to determine the prevalence of and risk factors for bacterial vaginosis. | 2015 | 26283224 |
| trichomonas vaginalis infection in a tertiary care vaginitis center. | trichomonas vaginalis infection (tvi) is one of the most common sexually transmitted diseases in the united states. we sought to determine the features of tvi in a referral-based vaginitis center, focusing on diagnosis and treatment of difficult cases. | 2015 | 26267873 |
| comparison of the effect of vaginal zataria multiflora cream and oral metronidazole pill on results of treatments for vaginal infections including trichomoniasis and bacterial vaginosis in women of reproductive age. | effect of zataria multiflora on bacterial vaginosis and trichomonas vaginalis is shown in vivo and in vitro. we compare the effectiveness of zataria multiflora cream and oral metronidazole pill on results of treatment for vaginal infections including trichomonas and bacterial vaginosis; these infections occur simultaneously. the study included 420 women with bacterial vaginosis, trichomonas vaginalis, or both infections together, who were randomly divided into six groups. criteria for diagnosis ... | 2015 | 26266260 |
| medical devices; immunology and microbiology devices; classification of trichomonas vaginalis nucleic acid assay. final order. | the food and drug administration (fda) is classifying a trichomonas vaginalis nucleic acid assay into class ii (special controls). the agency is classifying the device into class ii (special controls) in order to provide a reasonable assurance of safety and effectiveness of the device. | 2015 | 26241999 |
| effect of verbascum thapsus ethanol extract on induction of apoptosis in trichomonas vaginalis in vitro. | trichomoniasis is a sexually transmitted disease (std) caused by a tiny parasite called trichomonas vaginalis. metronidazole is used as routine treatment of disease. some reports have confirmed the potential carcinogenic and teratogenic effects of this drug on fetus and indication of drug resistance. verbascum thapsus belongs to the family of scorphulariaceae. its antiinflammatory properties, disinfectant and skin healing effects are well known. this plant has been used to treat diarrhea and gen ... | 2015 | 26239850 |
| persistence of trichomonas vaginalis serostatus in men over time. | previous epidemiologic studies have observed positive associations between trichomonas vaginalis (tv) serostatus and both prostate cancer (pca) risk and mortality. however, only a few small older studies have examined tv antibody persistence over time, all of which were composed mainly of female patients. therefore, we examined tv antibody persistence over time, as well as intra-individual variability, among middle- to older-aged men in the southern community cohort study (sccs). | 2015 | 26223890 |
| nitric oxide maintains cell survival of trichomonas vaginalis upon iron depletion. | iron plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of trichomonas vaginalis, the causative agent of highly prevalent human trichomoniasis. t. vaginalis resides in the vaginal region, where the iron concentration is constantly changing. hence, t. vaginalis must adapt to variations in iron availability to establish and maintain an infection. the free radical signaling molecules reactive oxygen species (ros) and reactive nitrogen species (rns) have been proven to participate in iron deficiency in eukary ... | 2015 | 26205151 |
| [possibility for luminescence identification of different trichomonas vaginalis forms]. | the paper presents the results of examining the morphology of different forms of trichomonas vaginalis by indirect immunofluorescence. fluorescence microscopy revealed that the typical forms of vaginal trichomonads showed a very bright light green glow, around the periphery of a cell in particular; the atypical forms of trichomonads emitted in the green spectral region less brilliantly and evenly. trichomonas fluorescence intensity was measured by spectrofluorescence assay. the experimental find ... | 2015 | 26152037 |
| prevalence of trichomonas vaginalis infection in symptomatic and asymptomatic women in central vietnam. | the diffusion of trichomoniasis in vietnam has been scarcely studied. the aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of trichomoniasis in a group of symptomatic and asymptomatic women in central vietnam. relationships between education, socioeconomical and marital status, and sexual behavior with infection have also been investigated. | 2015 | 26142677 |
| synthetic sirnas effectively target cystein protease 12 and α-actinin transcripts in trichomonas vaginalis. | the flagellated protozoan trichomonas vaginalis (t. vaginalis) causes trichomoniasis, a reproductive tract infection, in humans. trichomoniasis is the most common non-viral sexually transmitted disease worldwide. in addition to direct consequences such as infertility and abortion, there are indications that trichomoniasis favours development of prostate cancer and it has also been associated with increased risk of spreading human immunodeficiency virus and papillomavirus infections. reports from ... | 2015 | 26134763 |
| cytomorphometric and morphological analysis in women with trichomonas vaginalis infection: micronucleus frequency in exfoliated cervical epithelial cells. | the aim of this study was to explore the cytomorphometric and morphological effects of trichomonas vaginalis in exfoliated epithelial cells. | 2015 | 26112451 |
| trypanocidal, trichomonacidal and cytotoxic components of cultivated artemisia absinthium linnaeus (asteraceae) essential oil. | artemisia absinthium is an aromatic and medicinal plant of ethnopharmacological interest and it has been widely studied. the use ofa. absinthium based on the collection of wild populations can result in variable compositions of the extracts and essential oils (eos). the aim of this paper is the identification of the active components of the vapour pressure (vp) eo from a selected and cultivated a. absinthium spanish population (t2-11) against two parasitic protozoa with different metabolic pathw ... | 2015 | 26107187 |
| p transposable elements in drosophila and other eukaryotic organisms. | p transposable elements were discovered in drosophila as the causative agents of a syndrome of genetic traits called hybrid dysgenesis. hybrid dysgenesis exhibits a unique pattern of maternal inheritance linked to the germline-specific small rna piwi-interacting (pirna) pathway. the use of p transposable elements as vectors for gene transfer and as genetic tools revolutionized the field of drosophila molecular genetics. p element transposons have served as a useful model to investigate mechanism ... | 2015 | 26104714 |
| genetic diversity of trichomonas vaginalis clinical isolates from henan province in central china. | trichomonas vaginalis is a flagellated protozoan parasite that infects the human urogenital tract, causing the most common non-viral, sexually transmitted disease worldwide. in this study, genetic variants of t. vaginalis were identified in henan province, china. fragments of the small subunit of nuclear ribosomal rna (18s rrna) were amplified from 32 t. vaginalis isolates obtained from seven regions of henan province. overall, 18 haplotypes were determined from the 18s rrna sequences. each samp ... | 2015 | 26103990 |
| trichomonas vaginalis cysteine proteinases: iron response in gene expression and proteolytic activity. | we focus on the iron response of trichomonas vaginalis to gene family products such as the cysteine proteinases (cps) involved in virulence properties. in particular, we examined the effect of iron on the gene expression regulation and function of cathepsin l-like and asparaginyl endopeptidase-like cps as virulence factors. we addressed some important aspects about cps genomic organization and we offer possible explanations to the fact that only few members of this large gene family are expresse ... | 2015 | 26090464 |
| t. vaginalis infection is associated with increased il-8 and tnfr1 levels but with the absence of cd38 and hladr activation in the cervix of esn. | trichomonas vaginalis infection is associated with an increased risk of hiv infection in exposed-seronegative women (esn) despite their unique immune quiescent profile. it is important to understand possible mechanisms, such as recruitment of activated t cells, by which t. vaginalis could facilitate hiv infection in this population. | 2015 | 26083468 |
| comparison between mixed lysate antigen and α-actinin antigen in elisa for serodiagnosis of trichomoniasis. | the aim of this study was to identify an antigen suitable for elisa for serodiagnosis of trichomonas vaginalis (t. vaginalis) infection. mixed lysate antigen (ag) from eight strains of t. vaginalis and recombinant α-actinin protein was compared. the sera of three groups were examined by elisa: 73 women infected with trichomoniasis served as a positive control, 31 male volunteers as a negative control, and 424 women attending an outpatient health screening at hanyang university guri hospital. bas ... | 2015 | 26072305 |
| population structure and genetic diversity of the parasite trichomonas vaginalis in bristol, uk. | the protozoan parasite trichomonas vaginalis is the causative agent of trichomoniasis, an extremely common, but non-life-threatening, sexually-transmitted disease throughout the world. recent population genetics studies of t. vaginalis have detected high genetic diversity and revealed a two-type population structure, associated with phenotypic differences in sensitivity to metronidazole, the drug commonly used for treatment, and presence of t. vaginalis virus. there is currently a lack of data o ... | 2015 | 26051885 |
| prevalence of trichomoniasis among women in kermanshah, iran. | trichomoniasis, caused by trichomonas vaginalis, is the most common sexually transmitted disease (std) in the world with estimates of 7-8 million infections annually in the united states and 180 million globally. | 2015 | 26019904 |
| synthesis and antiprotozoal activity of mono- and bis-uracil isatin conjugates against the human pathogen trichomonas vaginalis. | a library of mono- and bis-uracil isatin conjugates were synthesized and subjected for the assessment of their in vitro activity against the protozoal pathogen trichomonas vaginalis. the structure activity studies (sar) revealed that the bis-uracil-isatin based conjugates were more effective than their corresponding mono conjugates in inhibiting the growth of t. vaginalis at approximately 10 μm with no visual effect on mammalian cells at the same concentration. | 2015 | 25999204 |
| sequestration of host-cd59 as potential immune evasion strategy of trichomonas vaginalis. | trichomonas vaginalis is known to evade complement-mediated lysis. because the genome of t. vaginalis does not possess dna sequence with homology to human protectin (cd59), a complement lysis restricting factor, we tested the hypothesis that host cd59 acquisition by t. vaginalis organisms mediates resistance to complement killing. this hypothesis was based on the fact that trichomonads are known to associate with host proteins. no cd59 was detected on the surface of t. vaginalis grown in serum-b ... | 2015 | 25976413 |
| rna-binding proteins in trichomonas vaginalis: atypical multifunctional proteins. | iron homeostasis is highly regulated in vertebrates through a regulatory system mediated by rna-protein interactions between the iron regulatory proteins (irps) that interact with an iron responsive element (ire) located in certain mrnas, dubbed the ire-irp regulatory system. trichomonas vaginalis, the causal agent of trichomoniasis, presents high iron dependency to regulate its growth, metabolism, and virulence properties. although t. vaginalis lacks irps or proteins with aconitase activity, po ... | 2015 | 26703754 |
| [vulvovaginal trichomoniasis: epidemiology, clinical and parasitological characteristics]. | trichomonas vaginalis infection is the most prevalent nonviral sexual transmitted infection. the world health organization estimates that its prevalence is 170 million cases worldwide each year. in women, he represents the third cause of vaginitis. | 2015 | 26644101 |
| advances in the prevention of infection-related preterm birth. | infection-related preterm birth (ptb) is more common at early gestational ages and is associated with major neonatal mortality and morbidity. abnormal genital tract microflora in early pregnancy predicts late miscarriage and early ptb. accordingly, it is logical to consider antibiotics as an intervention. unfortunately, the conclusions of systematic reviews and meta-analyses (sr&mas) carried out in an attempt to explain the confusion over the heterogeneity of individual studies are flawed by the ... | 2015 | 26635788 |
| a trichomonas vaginalis rhomboid protease and its substrate modulate parasite attachment and cytolysis of host cells. | trichomonas vaginalis is an extracellular eukaryotic parasite that causes the most common, non-viral sexually transmitted infection worldwide. although disease burden is high, molecular mechanisms underlying t. vaginalis pathogenesis are poorly understood. here, we identify a family of putative t. vaginalis rhomboid proteases and demonstrate catalytic activity for two, tvrom1 and tvrom3, using a heterologous cell cleavage assay. the two t. vaginalis intramembrane serine proteases display differe ... | 2015 | 26684303 |
| optimal reference genes for gene expression normalization in trichomonas vaginalis. | trichomonas vaginalis is the etiologic agent of trichomonosis, the most common non-viral sexually transmitted disease worldwide. this infection is associated with several health consequences, including cervical and prostate cancers and hiv acquisition. gene expression analysis has been facilitated because of available genome sequences and large-scale transcriptomes in t. vaginalis, particularly using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qrt-pcr), one of the most used methods for mol ... | 2015 | 26393928 |
| digestion of glycogen by a glucosidase released by trichomonas vaginalis. | trichomonas vaginalis is a protozoan parasite that is the causative agent of trichomoniasis, a widespread sexually transmitted disease. in vitro culture of t. vaginalis typically employs a medium supplemented with either maltose or glucose and carbohydrates are considered essential for growth. although the nature of the carbohydrates utilized by t. vaginalis in vivo is undefined, the vaginal epithelium is rich in glycogen, which appears to provide a source of carbon for the vaginal microbiota. h ... | 2015 | 26420465 |
| experience of successful treatment of patients with metronidazole-resistant trichomonas vaginalis with zinc sulfate: a case series. | there are no universally successful guidelines for the treatment of metronidazole-resistant vaginal trichomoniasis. this is distressing for patients and frustrating for physicians. we therefore decided to evaluate whether zinc sulfate douche is effective in treating vaginal trichomoniasis, because the compound is a natural antimicrobial chemical defense in humans. | 2015 | 26522122 |
| detection and molecular characterization of double-stranded rna viruses in philippine trichomonas vaginalis isolates. | the flagellated protozoon trichomonas vaginalis that parasitizes the urogenital tract of humans was reported to harbor double-stranded rna (dsrna) viruses. these viruses, identified as trichomonas vaginalis virus (tvv), belong to the genus trichomonasvirus of the family totiviridae. four species, formally recognized by the international committee on taxonomy of viruses (ictv), have been reported and distinguished by pairwise comparisons of the sequences of genes coding for major capsid protein ( ... | 2015 | 26471924 |
| correlates of trichomonas vaginalis among middle age and older adults who use drugs. | recent studies have reported high rates of trichomonas vaginalis among middle age and older adults. though trichomoniasis risk factors in this age cohort remain largely unknown, illicit drug use has been associated with increased incidence of sexually transmitted infections (stis). the number of mid-older adults using illicit drugs has increased significantly in recent years suggesting the need to understand the relationship between drug use and stis in this age cohort. | 2015 | 26583203 |
| molecular typing of the actin gene of trichomonas vaginalis isolates by pcr-rflp in iran. | trichomonas vaginalis is a human urogenital pathogen that causes trichomoniasis, the most common nonviral, parasitic sexually transmitted infection in the world. at present, little is known regarding the degree of strain variability of t. vaginalis. a classification method for t. vaginalis strains would be a useful tool in the study of the epidemiology, drug resistance, pathogenesis and transmission of t. vaginalis. eight different types of actin genes have been identified by pcr-rflp in t. vagi ... | 2015 | 26542260 |
| activation of mapk is required for ros generation and exocytosis in hmc-1 cells induced by trichomonas vaginalis-derived secretory products. | trichomonas vaginalis is a flagellated protozoan parasite that causes vaginitis and cervicitis in women and asymptomatic urethritis and prostatitis in men. mast cells have been reported to be predominant in vaginal smears and vaginal walls of patients infected with t. vaginalis. mitogen-activated protein kinase (mapk), activated by various stimuli, have been shown to regulate the transcriptional activity of various cytokine genes in mast cells. in this study, we investigated whether mapk is invo ... | 2015 | 26537039 |
| substrate-induced dimerization of engineered monomeric variants of triosephosphate isomerase from trichomonas vaginalis. | the dimeric nature of triosephosphate isomerases (tims) is maintained by an extensive surface area interface of more than 1600 å2. tims from trichomonas vaginalis (tvtim) are held in their dimeric state by two mechanisms: a ball and socket interaction of residue 45 of one subunit that fits into the hydrophobic pocket of the complementary subunit and by swapping of loop 3 between subunits. tvtims differ from other tims in their unfolding energetics. in tvtims the energy necessary to unfold a mono ... | 2015 | 26618356 |
| adenosine/guanosine preferring nucleoside ribohydrolase is a distinct, druggable antitrichomonal target. | nucleoside salvage pathway enzymes used by trichomonas vaginalis are distinct from the pathway involved in activation of existing 5-nitroimidazole drugs. they thus represent excellent targets for developing novel, mechanism-based antitrichomonal agents. the purine-specific adenosine/guanosine preferring ribohydrolase (agnh) was screened against the nih clinical collection to assess its druggability. eight compounds, including five flavonoids, were identified with ic50 values ⩽10 μm and confirmed ... | 2015 | 26592812 |
| microscopy outperformed in a comparison of five methods for detecting trichomonas vaginalis in symptomatic women. | in the uk, despite its low sensitivity, wet mount microscopy is often the only method of detecting trichomonas vaginalis infection. a study was conducted in symptomatic women to compare the performance of five methods for detecting t. vaginalis: an in-house polymerase chain reaction (pcr); aptima t. vaginalis kit; osom ®trichomonas rapid test; culture and microscopy. symptomatic women underwent routine testing; microscopy and further swabs were taken for molecular testing, osom and culture. a tr ... | 2015 | 24855131 |
| trichomonas vaginalis homolog of macrophage migration inhibitory factor induces prostate cell growth, invasiveness, and inflammatory responses. | the human-infective parasite trichomonas vaginalis causes the most prevalent nonviral sexually transmitted infection worldwide. infections in men may result in colonization of the prostate and are correlated with increased risk of aggressive prostate cancer. we have found that t. vaginalis secretes a protein, t. vaginalis macrophage migration inhibitory factor (tvmif), that is 47% similar to human macrophage migration inhibitory factor (humif), a proinflammatory cytokine. because humif is report ... | 2014 | 24843155 |
| the tc1/mariner transposable element family shapes genetic variation and gene expression in the protist trichomonas vaginalis. | trichomonas vaginalis is the most prevalent non-viral sexually transmitted parasite. although the protist is presumed to reproduce asexually, 60% of its haploid genome contains transposable elements (tes), known contributors to genome variability. the availability of a draft genome sequence and our collection of >200 global isolates of t. vaginalis facilitate the study and analysis of te population dynamics and their contribution to genomic variability in this protist. | 2014 | 24834134 |
| identification of proton-pump inhibitor drugs that inhibit trichomonas vaginalis uridine nucleoside ribohydrolase. | trichomonas vaginalis continues to be a major health problem with drug-resistant strains increasing in prevalence. novel antitrichomonal agents that are mechanistically distinct from current therapies are needed. the nih clinical compound collection was screened to find inhibitors of the uridine ribohydrolase enzyme required by the parasite to scavenge uracil for its growth. the proton-pump inhibitors omeprazole, pantoprazole, and rabeprazole were identified as inhibitors of this enzyme, with ic ... | 2014 | 24468412 |
| detection of trichomonas vaginalis dna by use of self-obtained vaginal swabs with the bd probetec qx assay on the bd viper system. | trichomonas vaginalis is the most prevalent nonviral sexually transmitted infection worldwide, and improved diagnostic methods are critical for controlling this pathogen. diagnostic assays that can be used in conjunction with routine chlamydia/gonorrhea nucleic acid-based screening are likely to have the most impact on disease control. here we describe the performance of the new bd t. vaginalis qx (tvq) amplified dna assay, which can be performed on the automated bd viper system. we focus on dat ... | 2014 | 24391200 |
| distribution and risk factors of trichomonas vaginalis infection in england: an epidemiological study using electronic health records from sexually transmitted infection clinics, 2009-2011. | we used data from the genitourinary medicine clinic activity dataset (gumcad) over a 3-year period (2009-2011) to investigate the distribution and risk factors of trichomonas vaginalis infection in england. socio-demographic and clinical risk factors associated with a diagnosis of t. vaginalis were explored using multivariable logistic regression. rates of t. vaginalis infection were highest in london and the west midlands. for men and women, t. vaginalis infection was significantly associated w ... | 2014 | 24289912 |
| prevalence of trichomoniasis, vaginal candidiasis, genital herpes, chlamydiasis, and actinomycosis among urban and rural women of haryana, india. | despite being curable reproductive tract infections (rtis) including sexually transmitted infections continue to be a major health problem in developing countries. the present study was undertaken to know the prevalence of trichomoniasis, vaginal candidiasis, genital herpes, chlamydiasis, and actinomycosis in rural and urban women of haryana by using wet mount, pap smear, and fluorescent microscopic examination. patients suspected of suffering from bacterial vaginosis were given treatment and we ... | 2014 | 26316979 |
| inflammatory response of prostate epithelial cells to stimulation by trichomonas vaginalis. | trichomonas vaginalis is known as the most common cause of sexually transmitted infection. however, its prevalence may have been underestimated. trichomonads are detected in prostatic tissue in benign prostatic hyperplasia, prostatitis, and prostate cancer. our objective was to investigate whether t. vaginalis could induce an inflammatory response in prostate epithelium. | 2014 | 24339030 |
| trichomonas vaginalis flavin reductase 1 and its role in metronidazole resistance. | the enzyme flavin reductase 1 (fr1) from trichomonas vaginalis, formerly known as nadph oxidase, was isolated and identified. flavin reductase is part of the antioxidative defence in t. vaginalis and indirectly reduces molecular oxygen to hydrogen peroxide via free flavins. importantly, a reduced or absent flavin reductase activity has been reported in metronidazole-resistant t. vaginalis, resulting in elevated intracellular oxygen levels and futile cycling of metronidazole. interestingly, fr1 h ... | 2014 | 24256032 |
| regulation of nuclear translocation of the myb1 transcription factor by tvcyclophilin 1 in the protozoan parasite trichomonas vaginalis. | in trichomonas vaginalis, a myb1 protein was previously demonstrated to repress transcription of an iron-inducible ap65-1 gene. in this study, a human cyclophilin a homologue, tvcyclophilin 1 (tvcyp1), was identified as a myb1-binding protein using a bacterial two-hybrid library screening system. the recombinant tvcyp1 exhibited typical peptidyl-prolyl isomerase activity with kcat/km of ∼7.1 μm(-1) s(-1). in a pulldown assay, the his-tagged myb1 interacted with a gst-tvcyp1 fusion protein, which ... | 2014 | 24831011 |
| response letter to v tittle et al. – is test of cure necessary in all cases of trichomonas vaginalis? | 2014 | 24829048 | |
| cost-effectiveness analysis of annual trichomonas vaginalis screening and treatment in hiv-positive women to prevent hiv transmission. | because of a high incidence of trichomonas infection among hiv-positive women, annual screening and treatment are recommended. trichomonas infection is associated with a 2-fold risk of hiv transmission. the objective of this study was to determine if annual screening is cost-effective for the prevention of new hiv cases in susceptible male partners secondary to trichomonas infection in hiv-positive women. | 2014 | 24827616 |
| trichomonas vaginalis as a cause of perinatal morbidity: a systematic review and meta-analysis. | trichomonas vaginalis is the most common curable sexually transmissible infection worldwide, with high rates in women of reproductive age. there have been inconsistent findings about the impact of infection and its treatment in pregnancy. we conducted a meta-analysis to determine the association between t. vaginalis and perinatal outcomes. electronic databases were searched to may 2013. included studies reported perinatal outcomes in women infected and uninfected with t. vaginalis. meta-analysis ... | 2014 | 24825333 |
| neglected parasitic infections in the united states: trichomoniasis. | trichomonas vaginalis is one of the most common human parasitic infections in the united states, as well as the most prevalent non-viral sexually transmitted infection. however, it has long received much less consideration than other parasitic and sexually transmitted diseases. much of this inattention can be attributed to a poor understanding of the public health impact of trichomoniasis. increasing recognition of the sequelae of infection, including increased risk of infection with human immun ... | 2014 | 24808247 |
| the effect of 3-(biphenyl-4-yl)-3-hydoxyquinuclidine (bpq-oh) and metronidazole on trichomonas vaginalis: a comparative study. | trichomonas vaginalis causes trichomoniasis in humans, a sexually transmitted disease commonly treated with metronidazole (mtz), a drug that presents some toxicity, causing undesirable side effects. in addition, an increase in metronidazole-resistant parasites has been reported. thus, the development of alternative treatment is recommended. to date, the search for antiparasitic drugs has been based on different approaches: identification of active natural products, identification of parasite tar ... | 2014 | 24752367 |
| novel metronidazole-chalcone conjugates with potential to counter drug resistance in trichomonas vaginalis. | trichomoniasis is the most prevalent, curable sexually transmitted disease (std), which increases risk of viral stds and hiv. however, drug resistance has been developed by some strains of trichomonas vaginalis against metronidazole (mtz), the fda approved drug against trichomoniasis. in the present study twenty two chalcone hybrids of metronidazole have been synthesized in a quest to get new molecules with higher potential against metronidazole-resistant t. vaginalis. all new hybrid molecules w ... | 2014 | 24727243 |
| trichomonas vaginalis: common, curable and in the diagnostic spotlight. | 2014 | 24669448 | |
| novel functions of an iron-sulfur flavoprotein from trichomonas vaginalis hydrogenosomes. | iron-sulfur flavoproteins (isf) are flavin mononucleotide (fmn)- and fes cluster-containing proteins commonly encountered in anaerobic prokaryotes. however, with the exception of isf from methanosarcina thermophila, which participates in oxidative stress management by removing oxygen and hydrogen peroxide, none of these proteins has been characterized in terms of function. trichomonas vaginalis, a sexually transmitted eukaryotic parasite of humans, was found to express several iron-sulfur flavop ... | 2014 | 24663020 |
| in vitro efficacy of curcumin on trichomonas vaginalis. | trichomonosis, the disease caused by the protozoan parasite trichomonas vaginalis, is the most common curable sexually transmitted disease with 174 million cases per year worldwide. the emerging resistance against the current standard therapy with metronidazole is pushing the search for alternative drugs. the purpose of this study was to determine the efficacy of curcumin, a derivate of curcuma longa, on t. vaginalis. the effective concentrations (ecs) were evaluated using three strains of t. va ... | 2014 | 24619489 |
| united kingdom national guideline on the management of trichomonas vaginalis 2014. | the main objective is to assist practitioners in managing men and women diagnosed withtrichomonas vaginalis(tv) infection. this guideline offers recommendations on the diagnostic tests, treatment regimens and health promotion principles needed for the effective management of tv, covering the management of the initial presentation, as well as how to prevent transmission and future infection. | 2014 | 24616117 |
| diagnosis of trichomonous vaginalis by microscopy, latex agglutination, diamond's media, and pcr in symptomatic women, khartoum, sudan. | trichomoniasis is the most common sexually transmitted disease. however, limited data are available on an effective technique for the diagnosis of trichomonas vaginalis. | 2014 | 24602349 |
| persistent and recurrent trichomonas vaginalis infections: epidemiology, treatment and management considerations. | trichomonas vaginalis (tv) is a common sexually transmitted infection that can cause vaginitis, cervicitis and urethritis. persistent and recurrent tv infections are frequent in women, potentially due to the lack of routine screening recommendations for this pathogen, the chronic nature of some infections, and drug resistance. metronidazole and tinidazole are two oral drugs that are effective against trichomoniasis. there are few alternative treatment options for persons with a metronidazole all ... | 2014 | 24555561 |
| trichomonas vaginalis metronidazole resistance is associated with single nucleotide polymorphisms in the nitroreductase genes ntr4tv and ntr6tv. | metronidazole resistance in the sexually transmitted parasite trichomonas vaginalis is a problematic public health issue. we have identified single nucleotide polymorphisms (snps) in two nitroreductase genes (ntr4tv and ntr6tv) associated with resistance. these snps were associated with one of two distinct t. vaginalis populations identified by multilocus sequence typing, yet one snp (ntr6tv a238t), which results in a premature stop codon, was associated with resistance independent of population ... | 2014 | 24550324 |
| new insights on the golgi complex of tritrichomonas foetus. | tritrichomonas foetus is a protist that causes bovine trichomoniasis and presents a well-developed golgi. there are very few studies concerning the golgi in trichomonads. in this work, monoclonal antibodies were raised against golgi of t. foetus and used as a tool on morphologic and biochemical studies of this organelle. among the antibodies produced, one was named mab anti-golgi 20.3, which recognized specifically the golgi complex by fluorescence and electron microscopy. by immunoblotting this ... | 2014 | 24135238 |
| point: new trichs for "old" dogs: prospects for expansion of trichomonas vaginalis screening. | 2014 | 24043491 | |
| adaptive responses to glucose restriction enhance cell survival, antioxidant capability, and autophagy of the protozoan parasite trichomonas vaginalis. | to establish an infection in the vagina, trichomonas vaginalis must adapt to various environmental cues for survival and further replication. nutrient competition by lactobacilli, the major normal vaginal flora, is one of the mechanisms to limit the growth of other microorganisms. additionally, lactobacilli produce h2o2 that can reduce the genital infections caused by other pathogens. thus, the ability to overcome the metabolic stresses, such as glucose restriction (gr), as well as the oxidative ... | 2014 | 23958562 |
| structural and thermodynamic folding characterization of triosephosphate isomerases from trichomonas vaginalis reveals the role of destabilizing mutations following gene duplication. | we report the structures and thermodynamic analysis of the unfolding of two triosephosphate isomerases (tvtim1 and tvtim2) from trichomonas vaginalis. both isoforms differ by the character of four amino acids: e/q 18, i/v 24, i/v 45, and p/a 239. despite the high sequence and structural similarities between both isoforms, they display substantial differences in their stabilities. tvtim1 (e18, i24, i45, and p239) is more stable and less dissociable than tvtim2 (q18, v24, v45, and a239). we postul ... | 2014 | 23733417 |
| current status and prospects for development of a vaccine against trichomonas vaginalis infections. | trichomonas vaginalis is a sexually transmitted pathogen with an annual worldwide incidence of over 276 million infections, the highest of all curable and non-viral sti. a large proportion of cases are asymptomatic and under-diagnosed with conventional diagnostic tools. infection has important maternal and fetal health consequences and can lead to a higher probability of hiv transmission and susceptibility. lack of affordable accurate diagnostic tests globally and metronidazole resistance hinder ... | 2014 | 23916988 |
| genetic characterization of oropharyngeal trichomonad isolates from wild birds indicates that genotype is associated with host species, diet and presence of pathognomonic lesions. | oropharyngeal trichomonad isolates of wild birds from spain were studied. a total of 1688 samples (1214 of predator birds and 474 of prey species) from wildlife recovery centres and scientific bird-ringing campaigns were analysed from 2011 to 2013. the overall infection prevalence was 20.3% (11.4% in predator birds and 43.3% in prey species). pathognomonic lesions were present in 26% of the infected birds (57.3% in predator birds and 4.9% in prey species). the most commonly parasitized species w ... | 2014 | 25262786 |
| setting a colorimetric assay with mtt for assessment of trichomonicidal activity. | trichomonas vaginalis infection is associated with important problems of public health, including the spreading of other sexual transmitted infections. the existence of clinical resistant isolates metronidazole and tinidazole, the drugs approved for the treatment of trichomoniasis, points to the necessity of continue searching for trichomonicidal substances. here we optimize a colorimetric assay with mtt to assess trichomonas viability. the absence of ascorbic acid and cysteine in the culture me ... | 2014 | 23173972 |
| presence of high-grade intraepithelial lesions among women deprived of their liberty: a documental study. | the aim of this study was to analyze the results of the pap smears of women deprived of their liberty. it is a retrospective, documental study, with a quantitative approach, performed in a female prison of ceará, brazil, with a sample of 672 patient records. regarding the microbiological findings, it was verified that the main cervical-vaginal colonization was by bacilli suggestive of gardnerella/mobiluncus (21.8%), followed by trichomonas vaginalis (12%), and candida sp (5.8%). the frequencies ... | 2014 | 22699737 |
| [effect of sanasine on trichomonas vaginalis in vitro and in vivo]. | 2014 | 24545296 | |
| genetic identification of trichomonas vaginalis by using the actin gene and molecular based methods. | trichomonas vaginalis is the agent of urogenital tract infection that causes human trichomoniasis with some serious health complications. more understanding about genetic features of the parasite can be helpful in the study of the pathogenesis, drug susceptibility and epidemiology of the infection. for this end, we conducted analysis of the actin gene of t. vaginalis by applying the pcr-sscp (pcr-single stranded conformational polymorphism) and nucleotide sequencing method. | 2014 | 25678916 |
| the biology of trichomonas vaginalis in the light of urogenital tract infection. | the human pathogen trichomonas vaginalis is a parasitic protist. it is a representative of the eukaryotic supergroup excavata that includes a few other protist parasites such as leishmania, trypanosoma and giardia. t. vaginalis is the agent of trichomoniasis and in the us alone, one in 30 women tests positive for this parasite. the disease is easily treated with metronidazole in most cases, but resistant strains are on the rise. the biology of trichomonas is remarkable: it includes for example t ... | 2014 | 25677793 |
| prevalence and risk factors for cervical neoplasia: a cervical cancer screening program in beijing. | cervical cancer is the second most common cancer and cause of cancer-related death for women worldwide. the aims of this study were to investigate the prevalence of cervical neoplasia and examine factors associated with high-grade cervical squamous intraepithelial lesions (hsil) among women taking part in a cervical cancer screening program in beijing. | 2014 | 25410572 |
| evidence for repeated gene duplications in tritrichomonas foetus supported by est analysis and comparison with the trichomonas vaginalis genome. | tritrichomonas foetus causes a venereal infection in cattle; the disease has mild or no clinical manifestation in bulls, while cows may present vaginitis, placentitis, pyometra and abortion in the more severe cases. t. foetus has one of the largest known genomes among trichomonads. however molecular data are fragmentary and have minimally contributed to the understanding of the biology and pathogenesis of this protozoan. in a search of new t. foetus genes, a detailed exploration was performed us ... | 2014 | 25458117 |
| design and synthesis of substituted morpholin/piperidin-1-yl-carbamodithioates as promising vaginal microbicides with spermicidal potential. | a series of seventeen morpholin/piperidin-1-yl-carbamodithioate (3-19) were synthesized as topical vaginal microbicidal spermicides. the synthesized compounds were evaluated for their anti-trichomonas activity against mtz susceptible and resistant strains along with their spermicidal and antifungal potential. all the synthesized compounds were assessed for their safety through cytotoxic assay against human cervical cell line (hela) and compatibility with vaginal flora, lactobacillus. the study i ... | 2014 | 25453819 |
| trichomonas vaginalis among women raped in antananarivo, 2005-2011. | rape is a forensic emergency due to the possibility of sexually transmitted infections, including hiv/aids. moreover, an upsurge is currently underway. the objective of this study was to determine the incidence of trichomonas vaginalis in women undergoing tests at the microbiology unit of the joseph ravoahangy andrianavalona antananarivo hospital after being raped. this retrospective descriptive study covers the 7-year period from 2005 to 2011 and reports the results of direct examination of the ... | 2014 | 25499225 |
| evaluation of different staining techniques in the diagnosis of trichomonas vaginalis infection in females of reproductive age group. | trichomonas vaginalis is a parasitic protozoan which causes most common non viral sexually transmitted disease trichomoniasis. direct microscopic examination of vaginal fluid remains the most widely used diagnostic test. although, wet mount examination is the most cost-effective diagnostic test, but it has low sensitivity resulting in under diagnosis of the disease. therefore, to overcome this problem, various staining techniques like giemsa and acridine orange can be used along with wet mount e ... | 2014 | 25653944 |
| the antimicrobial effect of boric acid on trichomonas vaginalis. | the treatment options for trichomoniasis are largely limited to nitroimidazole compounds (metronidazole and tinidazole). few alternatives exist in cases of recalcitrant infections or in cases of nitroimidazole hypersensitivity. recently, the intravaginal administration of boric acid has been advocated as an alternative treatment of trichomoniasis. however, no in vitro studies are available that directly assess the sensitivity of trichomonas vaginalis to boric acid. | 2014 | 25581807 |
| trichomonas vaginalis metalloproteinase induces mtor cleavage of siha cells. | trichomonas vaginalis secretes a number of proteases which are suspected to be the cause of pathogenesis; however, little is understood how they manipulate host cells. the mammalian target of rapamycin (mtor) regulates cell growth, cell proliferation, cell motility, cell survival, protein synthesis, and transcription. we detected various types of metalloproteinases including gp63 protein from t. vaginalis trophozoites, and t. vaginalis gp63 metalloproteinase was confirmed by sequencing and weste ... | 2014 | 25548410 |
| added benefit of nucleic acid amplification testing for the diagnosis of trichomonas vaginalis among men and women attending a sexually transmitted diseases clinic. | trichomonas vaginalis (tv) is the most common nonviral sexually transmitted infection (sti) in the world. however, tv is not a reportable sti and, with the exception of hiv-positive women, there are no guidelines for screening in women or men. the objective of this study was to determine the added value of nucleic acid amplification tests (naats) for detection of tv in men and women at high risk for infection as well as correlates of infection. | 2014 | 24928292 |
| editorial commentary: trichomonas vaginalis testing and screening in a high-risk population: is this a glimpse into the future? | 2014 | 24928287 | |
| a recently transferred cluster of bacterial genes in trichomonas vaginalis--lateral gene transfer and the fate of acquired genes. | lateral gene transfer (lgt) has recently gained recognition as an important contributor to some eukaryote proteomes, but the mechanisms of acquisition and fixation in eukaryotic genomes are still uncertain. a previously defined norm for lgts in microbial eukaryotes states that the majority are genes involved in metabolism, the lgts are typically localized one by one, surrounded by vertically inherited genes on the chromosome, and phylogenetics shows that a broad collection of bacterial lineages ... | 2014 | 24898731 |
| anti-trichomonas vaginalis activity from triterpenoid derivatives. | trichomonas vaginalis is a flagellated parasite that causes trichomonosis, the most common non-viral sexually transmitted disease (std) in the world. worryingly, trichomonosis is associated to increased transmission of hiv. due to high frequency of the infection during pregnancy and the development of metronidazole-resistant isolates, therapeutic alternatives to 5-nitroimidazole are being searched. triterpenes are natural products presenting several biological activities such as anti-protozoal a ... | 2014 | 24880238 |
| a sequential procedure for rapid and accurate identification of putative trichomonacidal agents. | in the current report, a sequential step-wise methodology based on in silico, in vitro and in vivo experimental procedures for the prompt detection of potential trichomonacidal drugs is proposed. a combinatorial of 12 qsar (quantitative structure-activity relationship) models based on linear discrimination analysis (lda) are suggested for the rational identification of new trichomonacidal drugs from virtual screening of in house chemical libraries and drug databases. subsequently, compounds sele ... | 2014 | 25107376 |
| trichomonas vaginalis: unusual presentation with ulcerative lesions. | 2014 | 25070617 | |
| chemical composition of essential oil and anti trichomonas activity of leaf, stem, and flower of rheum ribes l. extracts. | trichomoniasis is one of the most common sexually transmitted diseases in humans and is caused by the protozoan trichomonas vaginalis. nowadays, increasing resistance to drugs such as metronidazole resulted in many problem, so new effective remedies are needed. in this study, we evaluate constituents of essential oil and anti-trichomonas activity of rheum ribes. | 2014 | 25050317 |
| whole slide imaging of pap cell block preparations versus liquid-based thin-layer cervical cytology: a comparative study evaluating the detection of organisms and nonneoplastic findings. | cervical cancer is one of the most common malignancies worldwide, yet it is preventable by population screening. in a previous study, we confirmed the feasibility of utilizing whole slide imaging (wsi) of cell block (cb) preparations to overcome the limitations of digitizing cytologic samples. in this study, we evaluated the accuracy of wsi in identifying various organisms and nonneoplastic findings. | 2014 | 25033897 |
| design and synthesis of γ-butyrolactone derivatives as potential spermicidal agents. | a series of γ-butyrolactone derivatives has been designed and synthesized from commercially available 2-acetyl butyrolactone (3-acetyldihydrofuran-2(3h)-one, 1) by aminoalkylating its active methylene followed by condensation with different aldehydes. compounds having amino group were further converted to their respective tartrate salts and were evaluated for spermicidal activity against human sperm in vitro. compounds showing appreciable spermicidal activity at ⩽0.5% [3c, 4d (0.5%); 2c, 3d (0.1 ... | 2014 | 25027939 |
| trichomonas vaginalis induces cytopathic effect on human lung alveolar basal carcinoma epithelial cell line a549. | trichomonas vaginalis, the causative agent of trichomoniasis is generally known to inhabit the genitourinary tract. however, several case reports with supporting molecular and immunological identifications have documented its occurrence in the respiratory tract of neonates and adults. in addition, the reports have documented that its occurrence is associated with respiratory failures. the medical significance or consequence of this association is unclear. thus, to establish the possible outcome ... | 2014 | 25307688 |