Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| [observation on the ultrastructure of pneumocystis carinii]. | to study the life cycle and morphology of pneumocystis carinii by ultrastructural observation. | 2006 | 17366977 |
| [electron microscopical observation on rats with pneumocystis carinii pneumonia treated with brucea javanica and fructus psoraleae]. | rats with pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (pcp) were established by hypodermic injection of dexamethasone and treated by brucea javanica combined with fructus psoraleae 2 ml (brucea javanica 0.12 mg and fructus psoraleae 1.0 mg) per rat per day for 7 days or 14 days. the effect of cyst-killing and the pathological change were observed under transmission electron microscope. lung damage was alleviated or repaired, and a significant reduction of cysts was shown in the treatment group. the results s ... | 2006 | 17366985 |
| interleukin 7 receptor alpha-chain-mutation severe combined immunodeficiency without lymphopenia: correction with haploidentical t-cell-depleted bone marrow transplantation. | severe combined immunodeficiency (scid) is a rare primary immunodeficiency characterized by abnormal lymphocyte development and lymphopenia. it often presents during the first year of life with recurrent, opportunistic infections, failure to thrive, and malabsorption. | 2006 | 17201233 |
| unilateral pulmonary metastases from ewing's sarcoma shown in a technetium-99m-methylene-diphosphonate bone scan. | a 32-year-old man with a history of painful swelling of the right ankle underwent bone scintigraphy, which showed increased uptake in the right ankle and also unexpected diffuse uptake throughout the right hemithorax. a single photon emission tomography scan performed after the intravenous injection of 740 mbq of technetium-99m methylene-diphosphonate ((99m)tc-mdp) showed abnormal uptake throughout the right lung. computed tomography (ct) revealed a large mass in the right lower lobe. ct-guided ... | 2006 | 17160160 |
| [detection of pneumocystis carinii dna in clinical samples from children with respiratory diseases]. | method of pneumocystis carinii dna detection in clinical samples (sputum) is presented. primers to one fragment of 16s rrna gene were used for detection of dna. isolation and amplification of dna were performed in presence of internal dna control. analytical sensitivity of method was 200 copies of dna per 1 ml. analytical and diagnostic specificities were 100% and 95% accordingly. sputum from 176 children with frequent respiratory infections were sampled before start of antibacterial therapy and ... | 2006 | 17163138 |
| [a case of bronchiolitis due to pneumocystis lung infection related to major histocompatibility class ii deficiency]. | despite occurring commonly in children bronchiolitis can also be the presenting feature of other disorders particularly congenital malformations and immunological diseases. we report a rare and severe cause of bronchiolitis: major histocompatibility (mhc) class ii deficiency, an autosomal recessive disease. case report: an eight month old infant was admitted with hypoxic bronchiolitis. an immunodeficiency disease was suspected based on lingering symptoms associated with poor weight gain. microbi ... | 2006 | 17314748 |
| [detection of pneumocystis carinii dna in air and washes from medical equipment in hospitals]. | results of study of rooms' air and washes from medical equipment by pcr assay to detect pneumocystis carinii dna are presented. pcr assay sensivity was 200 copies/ml. method of taking of air samples by mc-2 sample-taking device was modified for p. carinii detection. sensivity of the method was 10 copies/m3. 27 air samples and 105 washes from medical equipment were studied and p. carinii dna was not detected. it has been shown during the study that dna of pneumocysts remains intact at room temper ... | 2006 | 17297893 |
| tuberculosis as a disease defining acquired immunodeficiency syndrome: ten years of surveillance in rio de janeiro, brazil. | to analyze the frequency of tuberculosis and of the other principal opportunistic infections defining acquired immunodeficiency syndrome at the time such cases were reported in the city of rio de janeiro, brazil. | 2006 | 17268749 |
| competitive coexistence of two pneumocystis species. | pneumocystis are fungal pathogens of mammalian lungs that can cause lethal pneumonia in immunocompromised hosts. in some mammals, coinfections of genetically distinct pneumocystis populations have been identified, but the nature of their interaction and its significance are unknown. two species that infect rats, pneumocystis carinii and pneumocystis wakefieldiae, were studied over a 6-year period, representing approximately 700 generations of pneumocystis. population densities of each species we ... | 2006 | 15949973 |
| non-tuberculous mycobacteria disease as a cause of hospitalization in hiv-infected subjects. | the present study characterized and determined the prevalence of mycobacterial diseases (tuberculosis (tb) and non-tuberculous mycobacteria (ntm)) as a cause of hospitalization among hiv-infected subjects consecutively admitted to a large metropolitan hospital during 2001/2002. | 2006 | 16290202 |
| a recent increase in aids at lyon university hospitals: patient characteristics and comparisons with previous years. | a 36% increase in the incidence of aids was observed in 2002/2003 compared with 2000/2001 at lyon university hospitals. | 2006 | 16313294 |
| the host response of cd28-deficient mice to pneumocystis infection. | pneumocystis infection leads to a life threatening pneumonia in susceptible individuals. while depletion or dysfunction of cd4+t cells is a key determinant of susceptibility to pneumocystis, the host response that leads to resolution of infection or lung injury is less well understood. we had previously shown that mice deficient in the t cell costimulatory molecule cd28 are susceptible to infection with pneumocystis. a detailed analysis revealed that they clear pneumocystis with delayed kinetics ... | 2006 | 16324820 |
| complement and fc function are required for optimal antibody prophylaxis against pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. | pneumocystis carinii is an opportunistic fungal pathogen that causes p. carinii pneumonia (pcp) in the immunocompromised host. we investigated the role of antibody fc-mediated function in passive prophylaxis against the development of pcp in scid mice. by comparison of anti-mouse p. carinii immunoglobulin g1 monoclonal antibody (mab) 4f11(g1) and its f(ab')2 derivative in an intranasal immunoprophylaxis model, we determined that fc-mediated function is required for maximum effect of this antibod ... | 2006 | 16368994 |
| sgcedb: a flexible database and web interface integrating experimental results and analysis for structural genomics focusing on caenorhabditis elegans. | the sgcedb (http://sgce.cbse.uab.edu) database/interface serves the primary purpose of reporting progress of the structural genomics of caenorhabditis elegans project at the university of alabama at birmingham. it stores and analyzes results of experiments ranging from solubility screening arrays to individual protein purification and structure solution. external databases and algorithms are referenced and evaluated for target selection in the human, c.elegans and pneumocystis carinii genomes. t ... | 2006 | 16381914 |
| pneumocystis carinii infection sensitizes lung to radiation-induced injury after syngeneic marrow transplantation: role of cd4+ t cells. | a murine model of bone marrow transplant (bmt)-related lung injury was developed to study how infection sensitizes lung to the damaging effects of total body irradiation (tbi) at infectious and tbi doses that individually do not cause injury. mice infected with pneumocystis carinii exhibited an asymptomatic, rapid, and transient influx of eosinophils and t cells in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (balf). in contrast, mice infected with p. carinii 7 days before receiving tbi and syngeneic bmt (p. ca ... | 2006 | 16399785 |
| phase ii study of temozolomide and thalidomide in patients with metastatic neuroendocrine tumors. | standard, intravenous chemotherapy regimens for neuroendocrine tumors have been associated with limited response rates and significant toxicity. we evaluated the efficacy of an oral regimen of temozolomide and thalidomide in patients with metastatic carcinoid, pheochromocytoma, or pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors. | 2006 | 16421420 |
| extra-pulmonary aspects of acquired pulmonary alveolar proteinosis as predicted by granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor-deficient mice. | granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (gm-csf)-/- mice are an invaluable model for exploring the effects of systemic gm-csf deficiency. their lung phenotype exactly reproduces the abnormalities seen in human pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (pap). however, gm-csf-/- mice also have significant systemic functional abnormalities. these include immune defects which result in a reduced susceptibility to a range of experimentally induced autoimmune disorders. these immunological defects are a ... | 2006 | 16423263 |
| towards species-specific antifolates. | dihydrofolate reductase (dhfr) plays an essential role in cellular biochemistry and has been a well-recognized drug target for over fifty years. antifolate inhibitors of dhfr, including clinically used therapeutics such as methotrexate, trimethoprim, and pyrimethamine have been successful as anticancer, antibacterial, antifungal and antiparasitic agents. as resistant strains of these microorganisms evolve and as new disease threats arise, the need for new antifolates that are potent and specific ... | 2006 | 16475929 |
| it's pneumocystis jiroveci not pneumocystis carinii. | 2006 | 16478877 | |
| disseminate and fatal cytomegalovirus disease with thymitis in a naive hiv-patient after early initiation of haart: immune restoration disease? | we describe a naive hiv-infected patient who developed a pneumocystis carinii pneumonia and disseminate and fatal cytomegalovirus disease within 3 months after initiation of haart, suggesting due to coincidence in time, an immune restoration disease. we propose an alternative hypothesis. | 2006 | 16481214 |
| pneumocystis carinii pneumonia with hypercalcemia and suppressed parathyroid hormone levels in a renal transplant patient. | 2006 | 16495820 | |
| isolation of the pneumocystis carinii dihydrofolate synthase gene and functional complementation in saccharomyces cerevisiae. | the pneumocystis carinii gene encoding the enzyme dihydrofolate synthase (dhfs), which is involved in the essential biosynthesis of folates, was isolated from clones of the pneumocystis genome project, and sequenced. the deduced p. carinii dhfs protein shares 38% and 35% identity with dhfs of schizosaccharomyces pombe and saccharomyces cerevisiae, respectively. p. carinii dhfs expressed from a plasmid functionally complemented a s. cerevisiae mutant with no dhfs. comparison of available dhfss wi ... | 2006 | 16499613 |
| cryptogenic organizing pneumonia associated with pneumocystis carinii infection and sirolimus therapy in a renal transplant patient. | we present the case of a renal transplant patient on sirolimus (rapamycin) therapy who developed cryptogenic organizing pneumonia in association with pneumocystis carinii infection. to our knowledge, such a case has not been previously reported. | 2006 | 16499733 |
| severe and protracted hypoglycaemia associated with co-trimoxazole use. | co-trimoxazole (trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole) is a commonly prescribed antimicrobial agent. although it is well tolerated in most patients, serious adverse events related to its use have been described. hypoglycaemia is a rare but potentially life-threatening complication of therapy. we describe a case of refractory hypoglycaemia complicated by seizure associated with co-trimoxazole for the treatment of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in a patient with aids. we also review 13 previously reported ... | 2006 | 16500599 |
| ultrastructural studies of pneumocystis carinii jiroveci. | 2006 | 16501693 | |
| sustained remission from angioimmunoblastic t-cell lymphoma induced by alemtuzumab. | a 73-year-old woman presented with acute lower back pain, fever, chills and arthralgias. she had previously had a positive protein derivative test with a negative chest x-ray; her medical history was also remarkable for a mitral valve prolapse. initial symptoms resolved spontaneously without therapy, but fever recurred with associated arthralgias, myalgias, diffuse and worsening lymphadenopathy, splenomegaly, and bilateral pulmonary infiltrates. | 2006 | 16520806 |
| dose-dense r-chop-14 supported by pegfilgrastim in patients with diffuse large b-cell lymphoma: a phase ii study of feasibility and toxicity. | the aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility and toxicity of chop-14, with rituximab (r-chop-14), supported by pegfilgrastim, in untreated diffuse large b-cell lymphoma (dlbcl). | 2006 | 16537117 |
| a case of pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia in x-linked agammaglobulinaemia treated with immunosuppressive therapy: a lesson for immunologists. | the case of a 20-year-old patient, affected by x-linked agammaglobulinaemia (xla), who developed severe pneumonia from pneumocystis jiroveci (formerly pneumocystis carinii) (pcp), is reported. this infection usually affects patients with aids, children affected by severe combined immunodeficiency or hypogammaglobulinaemia with hyperimmunoglobulin m, or patients undergoing severe immunosuppression. the xla patient developed pcp during therapy with steroids and cyclosporine a, carried out for seve ... | 2006 | 16549936 |
| inhaled azithromycin therapy. | the treatment of pulmonary infectious diseases with pharmaceutical aerosols is an attractive option considering the accessibility of the lungs for topical drug delivery. aerosols have been targeted to the lungs for the treatment of asthma with great success. current therapies for other diseases, including pseudomonas aeruginosa, pneumocystis jirovecii (formerly pneumocystis carinii), and mycobacterial infections, remain suboptimal due to the efficacy/safety profile. this may be improved by aeros ... | 2006 | 16551215 |
| active immunization against pneumocystis carinii with a recombinant p. carinii antigen. | mice immunized with recombinant mouse pneumocystis carinii antigen a12-thioredoxin fusion protein developed an antibody response that recognized p. carinii antigens, as determined by western blotting and immunofluorescence analysis. compared to mice immunized with thioredoxin alone, mice immunized with a12-thioredoxin had significantly reduced lung p. carinii burdens after cd4+ t-cell depletion and challenge with p. carinii. | 2006 | 16552076 |
| pneumocystis carinii and trichosporon beigelii pneumonia following allogeneic haemopoeitic stem cell transplantation. | pneumocystis carinii and trichosporon beigelii are opportunistic infections in immunocompromised patients. we report a case of a young lady who underwent haemopoeitic stem cell transplantation for relapsed acute lymphoblastic leukemia. this 25 years old female developed fever, dry cough and rapidly progressive dyspnoea during post transplant neutropenia and was found to be suffering from pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. she was successfully treated with co-trimoxazole. the patient again presented ... | 2006 | 16555641 |
| [pneumocystis carini infection in patients with hiv/aids in the republic of armenia]. | 2006 | 16562756 | |
| extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for support of children after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: the extracorporeal life support organization experience. | extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ecmo) is a means of respiratory and hemodynamic support for patients failing conventional therapies. children requiring hematopoietic stem cell transplantation who develop complications during therapy may require ecmo. such patients pose medical and ethical challenges for clinicians considering initiation of ecmo. the authors review the outcomes of these patients and propose recommendations. | 2006 | 16567173 |
| pneumocystis carinii nomenclature: response to cushion and stringer. | 2006 | 16575748 | |
| pneumocystis carinii nomenclature: 2 misnomers are not better than 1. | 2006 | 16575749 | |
| pneumocystis nomenclature. | 2006 | 16575750 | |
| pneumocystis carinii versus pneumocystis jirovecii (jiroveci) frenkel. | 2006 | 16575751 | |
| successful umbilical cord blood stem cell transplantation in a patient with rothmund-thomson syndrome and combined immunodeficiency. | the atp-dependent dna helicase q4 (recql4) belongs to a family of conserved recq helicases that are felt to be important in maintaining chromosomal integrity (kitao et al., 1998, genomics: 54 (3): 443-452). deletions in the recql4 gene located on chromosome 8 region q24.3 have been associated with rothmund-thomson syndrome (rts, omim 268400), a condition characterized by poikiloderma, sparse hair, small stature, skeletal abnormalities, cataracts and an increased risk of malignancy. we present a ... | 2006 | 16630167 |
| immunological recovery and antiretroviral therapy in hiv-1 infection. | potent antiretroviral therapy has dramatically improved the prognosis of patients infected with hiv-1. primary and secondary prophylaxis against pneumocystis carinii, mycobacterium avium, cytomegalovirus, and other pathogens can be discontinued safely once cd4 cell counts have increased beyond pathogen-specific thresholds. approximately one-third of individuals receiving antiretroviral therapy will not reach cd4 cell counts above 500 cells per mul after 5 years despite continuous suppression of ... | 2006 | 16631548 |
| the sulfone syndrome secondary to dapsone prophylaxis in a patient undergoing unrelated hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. | dapsone is commonly used for pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (pcp) prophylaxis in immunocompromised patients. it has been used as an alternative therapy in the hematopoietic stem cell transplant (hsct) setting in patients who can't tolerate trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. the sulfone syndrome is not a well-known sequela of dapsone therapy and occurs at various doses, ranging from 50-300 mg/d. in all cases the syndrome occurs within 2 months of initiating therapy. its clinical manifestations includ ... | 2006 | 16639690 |
| acute respiratory failure associated with cryptococcal pneumonia and disseminated cryptococcosis in an aids patient. | a 36-year-old homosexual mexican man was admitted to our hospital, with a 30-day history of fever and headache. upon cerebrospinal fluid examination, the patient's white blood cell count was 1,580/l, total protein was 26 mg/dl, sugar was 17 mg/dl, and his intracranial pressure was 23 cmh2o. the patient was diagnosed with hiv (human immunodeficiency virus) infection by serum western blotting. cryptococcus neoformans was isolated in cultures of the patient's blood and cerebrospinal fluids. chest c ... | 2006 | 16646563 |
| b cells are required for generation of protective effector and memory cd4 cells in response to pneumocystis lung infection. | b cell-deficient mice are susceptible to infection by pneumocystis carinii f. sp. muris (pc). to determine whether this susceptibility is due to a requirement for b cells to prime t cells, we compared cd4 t cell responses to pc in bone marrow chimeric mice that express mhc class ii (mhcii) on all apcs (wild-type (wt) chimeras) and in bone marrow chimeric mice that express mhcii on all apcs except b cells (mhcii(-/-) chimeras). although pc was rapidly cleared by wt chimeric mice, pc levels remain ... | 2006 | 16670323 |
| pneumocystis carinii pneumonia with pleural effusion in a non-hiv host. | pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (pcp) is a life-threatening opportunistic infection that occurs in immunocompromised hosts, especially patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids). however, this infection is increasing in frequency in other immunosuppressed patients, including organ transplant recipients and those with malignancy who are treated with chemotherapeutic regimens. it carries a relatively high mortality in the non-human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) population. pleural i ... | 2006 | 16676494 |
| functional complementation of the yeast p-type h-atpase, pma1, by the pneumocystis carinii p-type h-atpase, pca1. | the opportunistic fungus pneumocystis is the etiologic agent of an interstitial plasma cell pneumonia that primarily afflicts immunocompromised individuals. like other fungi pneumocystis maintains a h(+) plasma membrane gradient to drive nutrient uptake and regulates intracellular ph by atp-dependent proton efflux. previously, we identified a pneumocystis gene, pca1, whose predicted protein product was homologous to fungal proton pumps. in this study, we show by functional complementation in a s ... | 2006 | 16677337 |
| [advances in the study of new methods for the prevention and therapy of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia]. | 2006 | 16677456 | |
| sensitivity and specificity of nested and real-time pcr for the detection of pneumocystis jiroveci in clinical specimens. | a polymerase chain reaction (pcr)-based test for pneumocystis jiroveci (formerly pneumocystis carinii f. sp. hominis) might be an alternative to histologic diagnoses of p. jiroveci pneumonia (pcp). however, previously developed nested pcr methods tend to have low specificities (high false-positive rates). in this study, nested and quantitative real-time pcr methods for the amplification of the p. jiroveci dhps (dihydropteroate synthase) gene were evaluated in a variety of stored clinical samples ... | 2006 | 16678378 |
| respiratory distress, pneumonic changes on chest x-ray, hypoxaemia, oral candidiasis in a homosexual male: not always pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. | a young homosexual male presented to the emergency department with respiratory distress, oropharyngeal candidiasis, hypoxaemia, and renal failure. pneumocystis carinii pneumonia was considered to be the likely diagnosis - until 24 h later when the patient divulged the true history of paraquat ingestion some 5 days previously. ingestion of corrosives should be considered in patients with oropharyngeal candidiasis and pneumonic symptoms, especially in the presence of renal failure as an alternativ ... | 2006 | 16679884 |
| detection of pneumocystis carinii in induced sputum samples of hiv positive patients. | 2006 | 16687875 | |
| disseminated cytomegalovirus infection associated with pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in a previously normal infant. | we reported a rare case of dual opportunistic infections of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia and disseminated cytomegalovirus (cmv) infection in a previously normal female infant. transient t-cell dysfunction was demonstrated and returned to normal after treatment of cmv infection. | 2006 | 16709532 |
| successful unrelated mismatched cord blood transplantation in an infant with severe combined immunodeficiency and mycobacterium bovis bacillus calmette-guèrin disease. | the case reported here of an infant who presented with pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, cd4+ lymphopenia, and hypogammaglobulinemia attributable to severe combined immunodeficiency (scid). this report discussed treatment of mycobacterium bovis bacillus calmette-guèrin disease with unrelated cord blood transplantation in addition to antituberculous therapy, by adoptively transferring donor immunity with induction of mixed chimerism. because of the unique nature of umbilical cord blood hematopoieti ... | 2006 | 16712611 |
| breakthrough fusarium sp probable pneumonia during fluconazole therapy in an aids patient with diabetes, candidemia, pneumocystis carinii pneumonia and cytomegalovirus disseminated infection. | 2006 | 16736895 | |
| twenty-five years of hiv/aids--united states, 1981-2006. | on june 5, 1981, mmwr published a report of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in five previously healthy young men in los angeles, california. these cases were later recognized as the first reported cases of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) in the united states. since that time, this disease has become one of the greatest public health challenges both nationally and globally. human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) and aids have claimed the lives of more than 22 million persons worldwide, inclu ... | 2006 | 16741493 |
| pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in patients with connective tissue disease. | although the association of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (pcp) with connective tissue disease (ctd) has been noted for a long time, there are few series reported. | 2006 | 16755237 |
| pneumocystis melanins confer enhanced organism viability. | pneumocystis continues to represent an important opportunistic fungal pathogen of those with compromised immunity. thus, it is crucial to identify factors that affect its viability and pathogenicity. we previously reported the first identification of melanins in pneumocystis. in the present study, we sought to further characterize these components and define the function for these melanins. melanins extracted from pneumocystis and melanized pneumocystis cells were analyzed by electron spin reson ... | 2006 | 16757739 |
| [antibodies to the infective agents of opportunistic infections in blood of patients with hemoblastosis complicated with pneumonia]. | the examination of 112 hematological patients with diagnosed acute and chronic leucosis, lymphoma, myeloma, anemia, melanoma and other diseases revealed not a single subject among these examinees in whom no markers of opportunistic infections were detected. low titers of antibodies to pneumocystis carinii, cytomegalovirus (cmv), epstein-barr virus (ebv) were noted in 42%, 46.4% and 40.2% of examinees, respectively. markers of acute diseases, such as class igm, igg antibodies in high titers, as w ... | 2006 | 16758900 |
| hiv/aids care and treatment in three provinces in northern thailand before the national scale-up of highly-active antiretroviral therapy. | in 2003, thailand launched a program to place 50,000 persons on highly active antiretroviral therapy (haart) by the end of 2004, following a series of efforts since the early 1990s to develop comprehensive hiv/aids care services. to evaluate existing services and needs in advance of the national haart scale-up, in 2002 we surveyed 31 hospitals and 389 community health centers in three northern thai provinces, and interviewed 1,015 hiv-infected patients attending outpatient clinics. all hospitals ... | 2006 | 16771217 |
| simple and effective method for generating single-stranded dna targets and probes. | a simple and efficient pcr method was developed for generating dye- or radiolabeled single-stranded dna targets or probes used for hybridization studies. the method involved the use of a pair of long primers with high annealing temperatures and a short, labeled primer with a low annealing temperature in a pcr consisting of two cycles at different temperatures. we used this method to generate dye cy 5-labeled and [32p]-radiolabeled single-stranded dna targets and probes. these labeled probes were ... | 2006 | 16774119 |
| trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole associated rhabdomyolysis in a patient with aids: case report and review of the literature. | we report a case of rhabdomyolysis associated with the use of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (tmp-smx) in a newly diagnosed aids patient with presumed pneumocystis jiroveci (formerly named pneumocystis carinii) pneumonia. the present case is significant because of the paucity of similar cases in the literature and the relative frequency with which tmp-smx is used today. | 2006 | 16775445 |
| pneumocystis cell wall beta-glucans induce dendritic cell costimulatory molecule expression and inflammatory activation through a fas-fas ligand mechanism. | respiratory failure during pneumocystis pneumonia is mainly a consequence of exaggerated inflammatory responses to the organism. dendritic cells (dcs) are the most potent apcs in the lung and are key to the regulation of innate and adaptive immune responses. however, their participation in the inflammatory response directed against pneumocystis infection has not been fully elucidated. therefore, we studied the role of pneumocystis carinii, as well as saccharomyces cerevisiae, cell wall-derived b ... | 2006 | 16785543 |
| methemoglobinemia associated with dapsone therapy in a child with pneumonia and chronic immune thrombocytopenic purpura. | this report describes a case of methemoglobinemia in association with dapsone therapy. the patient, an immunocompromised child with chronic immune thrombocytopenic purpura, presented with fever, cough, perioral cyanosis, bilateral lower lobe rales, and low o2 saturation by pulse oximetry (89%). his medications included prednisone and rituximab for chronic immune thrombocytopenic purpura, and dapsone for pneumocystis carinii pneumonia prophylaxis. because of his lack of dyspnea and tachypnea, and ... | 2006 | 16794511 |
| in vitro selection and in vivo efficacy of piperazine- and alkanediamide-linked bisbenzamidines against pneumocystis pneumonia in mice. | bisbenzamidines, such as pentamidine isethionate, are aromatic dicationic compounds that are active against pneumocystis and other microbes but are oftentimes toxic to the host. to identify potential anti-pneumocystis agents, we synthesized bisbenzamidine derivatives in which the parent compound pentamidine was modified by a 1,4-piperazinediyl, alkanediamide, or 1,3-phenylenediamide moiety as the central linker. several of the compounds were more active against p. carinii and less toxic than pen ... | 2006 | 16801410 |
| trends in hiv-related morbidity among patients admitted to a south indian tertiary hospital between 1997 and 2003. | this paper describes trends in hiv-related morbidity among people living with hiv/aids (plwha) admitted to a tertiary hospital in chennai, south india, between 1997 and 2003. patients comprised hiv-infected men, women and children who had been admitted at least once to yr gaitonde centre for aids research and education (yrgcare). a non-parametric trends analysis was conducted to observe trends in clinical and demographic parameters and diagnoses at admission over the seven-year period. among cli ... | 2006 | 16809114 |
| increased expression of interferon-inducible genes in macaque lung tissues during simian immunodeficiency virus infection. | pulmonary infections and dysfunction are frequent outcomes during the development of immunodeficiency associated with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1) infection, and obtaining a better understanding of the immunologic changes that occur in lungs following hiv-1 infection will provide a foundation for the development of further intervention strategies. we sought here to identify changes in the pulmonary immune environment that arise during simian immunodeficiency virus (siv) infection ... | 2006 | 16822691 |
| pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in hong kong: a 10 year retrospective study. | a retrospective review was performed of patients diagnosed with pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (pcp) from 1994 to 2003 at the prince of wales hospital in hong kong. eighteen patients were identified. six (33.3%) were co-infected with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv). the remaining 12 non-hiv-infected patients had underlying diseases: three post-renal transplant recipients, three with haematological malignancies, two with auto-immune diseases, two with renal diseases, one with hepatocellular ca ... | 2006 | 16388034 |
| pneumocystis and trypanosoma cruzi: nomenclature and typifications. | published phylogenetic reclassifications of pneumocystis as a fungus resulted in a nomenclatural shift from the zoological code to the international code of botanical nomenclature. the same may be true for all microsporidians and sundry other organisms. this resulted in the invalidation of names and subsequently precipitated changes to the botanical code to accommodate pneumocystis and microsporidian names. the repercussions following application of the 2005 vienna code to pneumocystis nomenclat ... | 2006 | 16441572 |
| basic biology of pneumocystis carinii: a mini review. | basic aspects of cell biology of pneumocystis carinii are reviewed with major emphasis on its life cycle and the structural organization of the trophozoites and cyst forms. initially considered as a protozoan it is now established that pneumocystis belongs to the fungi kingdom. its life cycle includes two basic forms: (a) trophozoites, which are haploid cells that divide by binary fission and may conjugate with each other forming an early procyst and (b) cysts where division takes place through ... | 2006 | 16444423 |
| [immunological regulation and treatment of brucea javanica and fructus psoraleae on rats with pneumocystis carinii pneumonia]. | to study the immunological regulation and treatment of brucea javanica and fructus psoraleae, traditional chinese medicine, on rats with pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (pcp). | 2006 | 16866148 |
| role of naso-gastric aspirate in hiv-positive children presenting with respiratory symptoms. | human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection predisposes to various opportunistic infections like tuberculosis, pneumocystis carinii (p. carinii) pneumonia, toxoplasmosis and fungal infections. naso-gastric aspirate (nga) is utilized to demonstrate acid-fast-bacilli (afb); similarly p. carinii was isolated with the help of naso-gastric aspirate in hiv positive children. | 2006 | 16870685 |
| increase in hospital mortality from non-communicable disease and hiv-related conditions in bulawayo, zimbabwe, between 1992 and 2000. | the hiv/aids pandemic is creating a strain on health care services in the developing world, with knock-on consequences for hiv negative patients. we looked for possible changes over time in the patterns of illness and outcomes of admission to an adult medical unit in zimbabwe. we performed a prospective descriptive study of discharge diagnoses and causes of in-hospital ;mortality for all medical patients under the care of one consultant at mpilo central hospital, bulawayo, zimbabwe. two similar ... | 2006 | 16884612 |
| [pulmonary infection of pneumocystis carinii and cytomegalo virus in the treatment of cholesterol crystal embolism]. | cholesterol crystal embolism (cce) is a multivisceral disease caused by occlusion of small arteries with cholesterol crystal emboli deriving from eroded atherosclerotic plaques of the aorta and/or large feeder arteries. the factors precipitating cce are manipulation of the aorta or other large arteries during arteriography or surgery, and anticoagulant or thrombolytic therapy. cce has been reported to be a life threatening condition involving multiple vital organ dysfunction, including renal fai ... | 2006 | 16913463 |
| opportunistic infections in adults with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome: a comparison of clinical and autopsy findings. | many opportunistic infections causing death in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) patients are often not diagnosed prior to death. the objective of this study was to compare the premortem and postmortem diagnoses of opportunistic infections and tumors among 15 aids patients treated in a hospital in southern taiwan. | 2006 | 16926977 |
| combined analysis of retrospective and prospective occurrences in cohort studies: hiv-1 serostatus and incident pneumonia. | the authors show how information collected on retrospective occurrence times may be combined with prospective occurrence times in the analysis of recurrent events from cohort studies. | 2006 | 16936292 |
| sensitized cd8+ t cells fail to control organism burden but accelerate the onset of lung injury during pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. | while cd8+ cells have been shown to contribute to lung injury during pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (pcp), there are conflicting reports concerning the ability of cd8+ cells to kill p. carinii. to address these two issues, we studied the effect of the presence of cd8+ cells in two mouse models of pcp. in the reconstituted scid mouse model, depletion of cd8+ cells in addition to cd4+ cells after reconstitution did not result in increased numbers of p. carinii cysts compared to the numbers of cyst ... | 2006 | 16940142 |
| pneumocystis jiroveci infection in patients with hyper-immunoglobulin e syndrome. | the hyper-immunoglobulin e syndrome is a primary immunodeficiency characterized by recurrent pyogenic skin and lung abscesses, dermatitis, and elevated serum immunoglobulin e levels. pneumocystis jiroveci (formerly pneumocystis carinii) is not typically associated with hyper-immunoglobulin e syndrome. we identified 7 patients with hyper-immunoglobulin e syndrome with p. jiroveci detected in respiratory or pulmonary pathology specimens. in 5 patients it was the sole pathogen, and in 2 other patie ... | 2006 | 16940164 |
| chemotherapy for malignant gliomas. | concomitant and adjuvant treatment with temozolomide, an oral alkylating agent, has significantly improved the survival of patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma multiforme (study eortc 26981/22981, ncic ce3). when given with the appropriate cautiousness including weekly clinical and laboratory controls during the concomitant phase, this therapy is generally well tolerated. the observed toxicity is mainly haematological. grade iii and iv toxicities mainly thrombocytopenia or lymphocytopenia ... | 2006 | 16944366 |
| [pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia: an old disease with a new name]. | pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia has historically been one of the most common opportunistic pneumonias and life-threatening infectious complications in hiv-infected patients. after the introduction of combination antiretroviral therapy, the incidence of pneumocystis pneumonia and other opportunistic infections has decreased dramatically. nowadays pneumocystis pneumonia still occurs in patients unaware of their hiv status, in those not receiving combination antiretroviral therapy, or in those in ... | 2006 | 16963830 |
| antibody response to pneumocystis jirovecii major surface glycoprotein. | we conducted a prospective pilot study of the serologic responses to overlapping recombinant fragments of the pneumocystis jirovecii major surface glycoprotein (msg) in hiv-infected patients with pneumonia due to p. jirovecii and other causes. similar baseline geometric mean antibody levels to the fragments measured by an elisa were found in both groups. serum antibodies to msgc in p. jirovecii patients rose to a peak level 3-4 weeks (p<0.001) after recovery from pneumocystosis; baseline cd4+ co ... | 2006 | 16965702 |
| immune parameters in multiple myeloma patients: influence of treatment and correlation with opportunistic infections. | the present study evaluated cellular and humoral immune parameters in myeloma patients, focusing on the effect of treatment and the risk of opportunistic infections. peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets and serum levels of nonmyeloma immunoglobulins (ig) were analysed in 480 blood samples from 77 myeloma patients. untreated myeloma patients exhibited significantly reduced cd4+/45ro+, cd19+, cd3+/hla-dr+, and natural killer (nk) cells, as well as nonmyeloma iga, igg and igm. conventional-dose chem ... | 2006 | 16966269 |
| trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole-induced aseptic meningitis. | we present a 46-year-old african-american man with aids who was admitted on two different occasions within three weeks for signs and symptoms of meningitis after using trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (tmp/smx). tmp/smx is primarily used for the treatment of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia prophylaxis in aids patients. drug-induced aseptic meningitis (diam) is commonly seen with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (nsaids), antibiotics (with tmp/smx being the most frequently implicated), intravenou ... | 2005 | 16396068 |
| immunopathogenesis of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. | pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (pcp) is a life-threatening infection that occurs in immunocompromised individuals, particularly those with advanced human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection. interestingly, morbidity and mortality is related to the underlying cause of immunosuppression, with aids patients faring better than oncology patients for example. in addition, the prognosis of pcp has been correlated with markers of inflammation rather than with organism numbers. there is now increasing ... | 2005 | 16842636 |
| a novel approach to restore lung immunity during systemic immunosuppression. | systemic immunosuppression accounts for significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. pulmonary infections represent the most common cause of death in these patients. the resident inflammatory cell in the lung is the alveolar macrophage (am) and its function is markedly diminished by immunosuppression. we hypothesized that ams from normal mice with or without gene transfer of the gamma interferon gene inside the macrophages, can restore alveolar immunity in immunosuppressed mice with severe com ... | 2005 | 16555616 |
| clinically directed selective screening for hiv infection in hospitalized children. | as hiv infection presents with several manifestations, none of which is specific, several children are subjected to hiv testing. very few studies have examined the issue of probability of hiv infection with a given clinical manifestation. | 2005 | 16424555 |
| duplication of peri-kappab and nf-kappab sites of the first human immunodeficiency virus type 2 (hiv-2) transmission in brazil. | after the identification of hiv-2 in 1986, most of the cases reported have been concentrated in west africa. we identified a case of hiv-2 infection in são paulo, brazil of a 45-year-old female who presented with pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, with a cd4 count of 22 cells/ml. dna samples from this patient were subjected to end-point pcr amplification of the ltr region. clones were sequenced and subjected to phylogenetic analyses. all clones were subtype a related, and four presented an insertio ... | 2005 | 16386115 |
| presentation of dapsone-induced methemoglobinemia in a patient status post small bowel transplant. | methemoglobinemia, an uncommon hemoglobinopathy, affects oxygen transport, causing tissue hypoxia. in the perioperative period, methemoglobinemia is often overlooked as a cause of low oxygen saturation, often mistaken for the more common causes of hypoxia, such as atelectasis, pulmonary edema, or pulmonary embolus, among other causes of respiratory failure. most cases of methemoglobinemia in the perioperative period are precipitated by local anesthetics, especially benzocaine. dapsone, a sulfone ... | 2005 | 16297761 |
| the acronym "pcp" is pneumocystis pneumonia, not pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. | 2005 | 16304030 | |
| survey of zoonoses recorded in scotland between 1993 and 2002. | all the human and animal laboratory reports of zoonoses sent to health protection scotland between 1993 and 2002 were identified. there were 24,946 reports from veterinary laboratories, and 94,718 (20 per cent) of the 468,214 reports from medical laboratories were considered to be zoonotic. the most common reports of zoonoses from people were campylobacter, salmonella, cryptosporidium and giardia species and escherichia coli o157. the most common reports of zoonoses from animals were salmonella, ... | 2005 | 16311383 |
| respiratory pathogens in bronchoalveolar lavage in a puerto rican population infected with the human immunodeficiency virus. | to describe the respiratory pathogens found in the bronchoalveolar lavage of a puerto rican population infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv). | 2005 | 16331860 |
| characterization of nebulized buparvaquone nanosuspensions--effect of nebulization technology. | the poorly soluble drug buparvaquone is proposed as an alternative treatment of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (pcp) lung infections. physically stable nanosuspensions were formulated in order to deliver the drug at the site of infection using nebulization. the aerosolization characteristics of two buparvaquone nanosuspensions were determined with commercial jet and ultrasonic nebulizer devices. aerosol droplet size distribution was determined with laser diffractometry (ld). nebulization of the ... | 2005 | 16332575 |
| [a study of initial antiretroviral therapy effectiveness, survival and safety in hiv+ patients]. | to study initial antiretroviral therapies indicated for hiv-infected patients during the 2001-2003 period regarding effectiveness, survival and safety. | 2005 | 16351454 |
| international neuroaids: prospects of hiv-1 associated neurological complications. | neurological complications associated with hiv-1/aids are being recognized with a high frequency that parallels the increased number of aids cases. the early infiltration by hiv-1 into the nervous system can cause primary and/or secondary neurological complications. the most common neurocognitive disorder is aids dementia complex (adc). in developing countries of asia the three most opportunistic infections are tuberculosis (tb), cryptococcosis, and pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. therefore, it ... | 2005 | 16354575 |
| recurrent corneal erosion (rce) secondary to lattice dystrophy in a patient with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (aids). | we present a case of an acquired immune deficiency syndrome (aids) patient with recurrent erosion (rce) secondary to lattice corneal dystrophy. as a human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-infected patient becomes more immunocompromised, the ocular surface defense mechanisms may be compromised. lattice dystrophy, rce, and modifying approaches to the management of rce in an hiv-positive or aids patient are reviewed. | 2005 | 16361033 |
| steroid-induced tumor lysis syndrome in a patient with mycosis fungoides treated for presumed pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. | 2005 | 16315260 | |
| eye signs that alert the clinician to a diagnosis of aids. | one of the hallmarks of progressive immune deficiency is a steady decline in the absolute number of cd4+ t-lymphocytes. as the immune response thus becomes suppressed, opportunistic systemic infections such as protozoal (pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, disseminated toxoplasmosis), viral (cytomegalovirus pneumonitis and colitis and persistent invasive herpes simplex lesions), fungal (cryptococcossis and esophageal candidiasis) and bacterial infections (atypical mycobacterial and extrapulmonary tu ... | 2005 | 16320530 |
| cell-mediated adaptive immune defense of the lungs. | cell-mediated adaptive immune responses contribute to defense against all classes of pulmonary pathogens and are essential against viruses, mycobacteria, and fungi, including pneumocystis carinii. adaptive responses depend on sequential pairwise interactions between three cell types: t cells, natural killer (nk) cells, and dendritic cells (dc). differential expression of specific adhesion molecules and chemokines regulates the location and timing of these interactions. primary adaptive responses ... | 2005 | 16322591 |
| [management of septic shock and acquired respiratory distress syndrome in pediatric cancer patients]. | septic shock occurs in 6 % of paediatric cancer patients with neutropenia and fever. the mortality of the septic shock is 40 % in bmt patients and 5 % in others. one third of paediatric ards cases affect immunocompromised individuals with a total mortality of 45 % and 80 % after bmt. septic shock is caused by gram-negative bacteria in more than 75 %. ards is due to pneumonia in more than 50 %, sepsis in about 25 %. this article provides the recommendations of the infectious diseases working part ... | 2005 | 16288359 |
| pneumocystis carinii: has the name really been changed? | the proposed renaming of pneumocystis carinii has caused much confusion and controversy among authors, peer reviewers, editors, and interested readers. proponents of the new nomenclature emphasize the fact that the new names are judged to be "valid" by the international code of botanical nomenclature. what is generally not appreciated is the fact that the international code of botanical nomenclature does not make any determination as to the scientific correctness of proposed names; rather, it ma ... | 2005 | 16288399 |
| has the name really been changed? it has for most researchers. | 2005 | 16288400 | |
| acute interstitial pneumonitis during chemotherapy for haematological malignancy. | fourteen adult patients with haematological malignancies (eight non-hodgkin's lymphoma, one multiple myeloma, one chronic lymphocytic leukaemia, two acute lymphoblastic leukaemia and two acute myeloid leukaemia) developed acute interstitial pneumonitis (ip) during the course of chemotherapy. all patients manifested high fever over 38 degrees c, bilateral diffuse pulmonary interstitial infiltrates in the chest radiograph and severe hypoxia without hypercapnia in the arterial blood gas analysis. p ... | 2005 | 16098118 |
| vitamin b3 confers resistance to sulfa drugs in saccharomyces cerevisiae. | sulfa drugs are ubiquitous antibiotics used to treat bacterial infections and diseases caused by eukaryotes, such as pneumocystis carinii, the leading cause of pneumonia (pcp) in hiv patients. a daily regimen of sulfonamides and multivitamins including vitamin b3 is also recommended for persons with hiv. we show that exogenous vitamin b3 (nicotinate) confers resistance to sulfa drugs in saccharomyces cerevisiae, a model for p. carinii. we propose a model of metabolic rerouting in which increased ... | 2005 | 16112818 |
| non-specific interstitial pneumonia in an hiv positive patient. | a 56 year old male presented with features of interstitial lung disease and was detected hiv positive. histopathology of the lung suggested non-specific interstitial pneumonia with no evidence of tumour or pneumocystis carinii. the patient responded to steroids and was started on anti-retroviral treatment. | 2005 | 16121814 |