Publications

flavonolignans from avena sativa.	three flavonolignans derived from the flavone tricin were isolated from avena sativa herb. this is the first report of the presence of flavonolignans in a. sativa. in the known compounds 1a and 1b, a coniferyl alcohol moiety is linked to the flavone by an ether bond; in the new natural product 2, it is linked by c-c bonds. structure elucidation of compound 2 was performed by 1d and 2d nmr experiments, and the absolute configuration was determined from circular dichroic data.	2005	15730266
chromophore exchange in the lov2 domain of the plant photoreceptor phototropin1 from oat.	phototropins are a family of plant photoreceptors mediating blue light responses such as phototropism, leaf expansion, chloroplast relocation, and stomatal opening. characteristic for phototropins are two lov domains which, when expressed in heterologous systems, each carry a single flavin mononucleotide (fmn) chromophore. here we describe removal of fmn from the lov2 domain of avena sativa using a hydrophobic matrix and successful incorporation of flavin adenine dinucleotide (fad), riboflavin, ...	2005	15723549
contents of phenolic acids, alkyl- and alkenylresorcinols, and avenanthramides in commercial grain products.	the contents of free and total phenolic acids and alk(en)ylresorcinols were analyzed in commercial products of eight grains: oat (avena sativa), wheat (triticum spp.), rye (secale cerale), barley (hordeum vulgare), buckwheat (fagopyrum esculentum), millet (panicum miliaceum), rice (oryza sativa), and corn (zea mays). avenanthramides were determined in three oat products. free phenolic acids, alk(en)ylresorcinols, and avenanthramides were extracted with methanolic acetic acid, 100% methanol, and ...	2005	16218677
generation and analysis of 9792 est sequences from cold acclimated oat, avena sativa.	oat is an important crop in north america and northern europe. in scandinavia, yields are limited by the fact that oat cannot be used as a winter crop. in order to develop such a crop, more knowledge about mechanisms of cold tolerance in oat is required.	2005	16137325
tissue-specific and subcellular localization of phototropin determined by immuno-blotting.	phototropin (phot) is a uv/blue- light receptor mediating phototropic reactions of plants as a response to unilateral irradiation. using an antiserum directed against the n-terminal part of arabidopsis phot1, we show here cross-reaction with phototropin from avena sativa, eruca sativa, glycine max, lepidium sativum, lycopersicon esculentum, pisum sativum, sinapis alba, and zea mays. in all investigated plants, blue light irradiation led to a gel mobility shift of phototropin corresponding to an ...	2004	14634818
synthesis, absolute configuration and biological activities of both enantiomers of 2-(5,7-dichloro-3-indolyl)propionic acid: a novel dichloroindole auxin and antiauxin.	racemic 2-(5,7-dichloro-3-indolyl)propionic acid (5,7-cl(2)-2-ipa) was synthesized from 5,7-dichloroindole-3-acetic acid by successive esterification, methoxycarbonylation, methylation, and double hydrolysis. the racemate was converted to diastereomeric esters of l-menthol; these were separated by recycling hplc into two optically active diastereomers that were then hydrolyzed with p-tsoh to two optically active enantiomers of 5,7-cl(2)-2-ipa. the absolute configurations of both these enantiomer ...	2004	15215593
dissecting the maize genome by using chromosome addition and radiation hybrid lines.	we have developed from crosses of oat (avena sativa l.) and maize (zea mays l.) 50 fertile lines that are disomic additions of individual maize chromosomes 1-9 and chromosome 10 as a short-arm telosome. the whole chromosome 10 addition is available only in haploid oat background. most of the maize chromosome disomic addition lines have regular transmission; however, chromosome 5 showed diminished paternal transmission, and chromosome 10 is transmitted to offspring only as a short-arm telosome. t ...	2004	15197265
possible evidence for transport of an iron cyanide complex by plants.	barley (hordeum vulgare l.), oat (avena sativa l.), and wild cane (sorghum bicolor l.), were exposed to 15n-labeled ferrocyanide to determine whether these plant species can transport this iron cyanide complex. plants were treated with ferrocyanide in a nutrient solution that simulated iron cyanide contaminated groundwater and soil solutions. this nutrient solution has been shown to maintain ferrocyanide speciation with minimal dissociation to free cyanide. following treatment, all three plants ...	2004	14568716
transmission of maize chromosome 9 rearrangements in oat-maize radiation hybrids.	oat-maize radiation hybrids are oat (avena sativa l.) plants carrying radiation-induced subchromosome fragments of a given maize (zea mays l.) chromosome. since first-generation radiation hybrids contain various maize chromosome rearrangements in a hemizygous condition, variation might be expected in the transmission of these rearrangements to subsequent generations. the transmission and integrity of maize chromosome 9 rearrangements were evaluated in progenies of 30 oat-maize radiation hybrids ...	2004	15644979
disruption of the lov-jalpha helix interaction activates phototropin kinase activity.	light plays a crucial role in activating phototropins, a class of plant photoreceptors that are sensitive to blue and uv-a wavelengths. previous studies indicated that phototropin uses a bound flavin mononucleotide (fmn) within its light-oxygen-voltage (lov) domain to generate a protein-flavin covalent bond under illumination. in the c-terminal lov2 domain of avena sativa phototropin 1, formation of this bond triggers a conformational change that results in unfolding of a helix external to this ...	2004	15610012
changes in ion fluxes during phototropic bending of etiolated oat coleoptiles.	this work has been conducted to assist theoretical modelling of the different stages of the blue light (bl)-induced phototropic signalling pathway and ion transport activity across plant membranes. ion fluxes (ca(2+), h(+), k(+) and cl(-)) in etiolated oat coleoptiles have been measured continuously before and during unilateral bl exposure.	2004	15155378
transformation of fulvic substances in the rhizosphere during phytoremediation of used motor oil.	changes in the chemical composition of fulvic acids in used oil-contaminated soils treated with different plant species and fertilization (fertilized, f; and nonfertilized, nf) were analyzed by fourier-transformed infrared spectroscopy (ftir). soil contaminated with 1.5% (w/w) used motor oil was seeded with sunflower (helianthus annuus)/indian mustard (brassica juncea); soybean (glycine max)/green bean (phaseolus vulgaris); mixed grasses/maize (zea mays); mixed clover (red clover, trifolium prat ...	2004	15478929
on the reaction mechanism of adduct formation in lov domains of the plant blue-light receptor phototropin.	the blue-light sensitive photoreceptor, phototropin, is a flavoprotein which regulates the phototropism response of higher plants. the photoinduced triplet state and the photoreactivity of the flavin-mononucleotide (fmn) cofactor in two lov domains of avena sativa, adiantum capillus-veneris, and chlamydomonas reinhardtii phototropin have been studied by time-resolved electron paramagnetic resonance (epr) and uv-vis spectroscopy at low temperatures (t < or = 80 k). differences in the electronic s ...	2004	15339193
ovarian development and ovipositional preference of the western corn rootworm (coleoptera: chrysomelidae) variant in east central illinois.	the rotation of maize, zea mays l., and soybean, glycine max (l.) merr., has been the traditional cultural tactic to manage the western corn rootworm, diabrotica virgifera virgifera leconte, in the corn belt. the reduced effectiveness of this rotation as a pest management tool in east central illinois, northern indiana, and southern michigan can be explained by the shift in the ovipositional behavior of the new variant of western corn rootworm. the objective of this study was to evaluate the inf ...	2004	15154460
purification and properties of apoplastic amylase from oat (avena sativa) seedlings.	the protein fraction extracted with a high ionic strength buffer from the cell wall preparation of oat (avena sativa l.) coleoptiles and first leaves contained starch-degrading (amylase) activity. the activity of apoplastic amylase in the coleoptiles and first leaves continued to increase in parallel with organ growth. one of the apoplastic amylases recovered from shoot cell wall preparations was purified by sequential ion exchange and gel filtration chromatography, and the catalytic properties ...	2004	15086825
thiamine binding and metabolism in germinating seeds of selected cereals and legumes.	the basic characteristics of thiamine metabolism in germinating seeds of maize (zea mays), oat (avena sativa), faba bean (vicia faba) and garden pea (pisum sativum) are presented with a special emphasis of a possible thiamine storage function of seed thiamine-binding proteins (tbps). seeds were germinated for 6 d in the dark. thiamine-binding activity in seeds decreased during germination by 50% in cereals and by 30% in legumes. the degradation of tbps was also detected by polyacrylamide gel ele ...	2004	15051042
purification and characterization of serine proteases that exhibit caspase-like activity and are associated with programmed cell death in avena sativa.	victoria blight of avena sativa (oat) is caused by the fungus cochliobolus victoriae, which is pathogenic because of the production of the toxin victorin. the victorin-induced response in sensitive a. sativa has been characterized as a form of programmed cell death (pcd) and displays morphological and biochemical features similar to apoptosis, including chromatin condensation, dna laddering, cell shrinkage, altered mitochondrial function, and ordered, substrate-specific proteolytic events. victo ...	2004	15020745
maize centromeres: organization and functional adaptation in the genetic background of oat.	centromeric dna sequences in multicellular eukaryotes are often highly repetitive and are not unique to a specific centromere or to centromeres at all. thus, it is a major challenge to study the fine structure of individual plant centromeres. we used a dna fiber-fluorescence in situ hybridization approach to study individual maize (zea mays) centromeres using oat (avena sativa)-maize chromosome addition lines. the maize centromere-specific satellite repeat centc in the addition lines allowed us ...	2004	14973167
phytochrome phosphorylation modulates light signaling by influencing the protein-protein interaction.	plant photoreceptor phytochromes are phosphoproteins, but the question as to the functional role of phytochrome phosphorylation has remained to be elucidated. we investigated the functional role of phytochrome phosphorylation in plant light signaling using a pfr-specific phosphorylation site mutant, ser598ala of oat (avena sativa) phytochrome a (phya). the transgenic arabidopsis thaliana (phya-201 background) plants with this mutant phya showed hypersensitivity to light, suggesting that phytochr ...	2004	15377754
inducible flavone in oats (avena sativa) is a novel defense against plant-parasitic nematodes.	abstract the induction of defense compounds in oats (avena sativa) in response to invasion by parasitic nematodes and to application of the wound hormone methyl jasmonate was examined. oats cv. quoll seedlings were challenged with pratylenchus neglectus, heterodera avenae, and ditylenchus dipsaci and treated with 1 x 10(-4) m methyl jasmonate. three compounds, isolated in methanolic root and shoot extracts of oats, exhibiting an absorbance spectrum typical of flavone glycosides, were induced by ...	2004	18944456
effect of winter cover crops on nematode population levels in north florida.	two experiments were conducted in north-central florida to examine the effects of various winter cover crops on plant-parasitic nematode populations through time. in the first experiment, six winter cover crops were rotated with summer corn (zea mays), arranged in a randomized complete block design. the cover crops evaluated were wheat (triticum aestivum), rye (secale cereale), oat (avena sativa), lupine (lupinus angustifolius), hairy vetch (vicia villosa), and crimson clover (trifolium incarnat ...	2004	19262833
patterns of virulence in natural populations of puccinia coronata on wild oat in israel and in agricultural populations on cultivated oat in the united states.	abstract crown rust (puccinia coronata) in indigenous populations of avena sterilis has been cited as an example of stability of wild pathosystems that consist of natural mixtures of resistance and virulence. this study confirmed that virulence/avirulence polymorphisms in p. coronata on a. sterilis in israel are highly diverse and that super races do not dominate. isolates of p. coronata from israel in 1991 to 1996 were polymorphic for virulence to 35 of 36 differential oat lines with resistance ...	2004	18943770
repression of pseudomonas putida phenanthrene-degrading activity by plant root extracts and exudates.	the phenanthrene-degrading activity (pda) of pseudomonas putida atcc 17484 was repressed after incubation with plant root extracts of oat (avena sativa), osage orange (maclura pomifera), hybrid willow (salix alba x matsudana), kou (cordia subcordata) and milo (thespesia populnea) and plant root exudates of oat (avena sativa) and hybrid poplar (populus deltoides x nigra dn34). total organic carbon content of root extracts ranged from 103 to 395 mg l(-1). characterization of root extracts identifi ...	2004	15142245
enrichment of conjugated linoleic acid in oats (avena sativa l.) by microbial isomerization.	a method for microbial isomerization of oat linoleic acid to conjugated linoleic acid (cla) was developed. the method includes hydrolysis of oat lipids in aqueous flour slurries by the endogenous oat lipase. then, the flour slurry containing free linoleic acid is utilized as a substrate for the isomerization reaction carried out by resting cells of propionibacterium freudenreichii ssp. shermanii. the isomerization reaction progressed most effectively when, after the lipid hydrolysis period, the ...	2004	15030240
specific detection of fusarium langsethiae and related species by dgge and arms-pcr of a beta-tubulin (tub1) gene fragment.	fusarium langsethiae was recently described as a new toxigenic fusarium species, which morphologically resembles fusarium poae, but exhibits a mycotoxin pattern related to fusarium sporotrichioides. to develop tools for early and specific detection of f. langsethiae and distinguishing it from related species of section sporotrichiella and discolor (f. poae, f. sporotrichioides, fusarium kyushuense, fusarium robustum, fusarium sambucinum and fusarium tumidum) sequence variations in their beta-tub ...	2004	15337597
oat (avena sativa l.) and amaranth (amaranthus hypochondriacus) meals positively affect plasma lipid profile in rats fed cholesterol-containing diets.	cereals are an important part of diets for hypercholesterolemic patients. however, some of these patients are allergic to these natural products. the purpose of the current study was to compare oatmeal with equal in nutritional values two allergy-free amaranth meals to determine whether this pseudocereal can be a substitute for allergic to cereals individuals. the total phenols of the samples were determined with the folin-chocalteu reagent, anthocyanins, and flavonoids spectrophotometrically. t ...	2004	15542354
nitric oxide and reactive oxygen species do not elicit hypersensitive cell death but induce apoptosis in the adjacent cells during the defense response of oat.	nitric oxide (no) acts as a signaling molecule in many cellular responses in plants and animals. oat plants (avena sativa l.) evoke the hypersensitive response (hr), which shares morphological and biochemical features with mammalian apoptosis, such as dna laddering and heterochromatin condensation, in response to the avirulent crown rust fungus (puccinia coronata f. sp. avenae). we examined the role of no and reactive oxygen species (ros) in the initiation of hypersensitive cell death, which is ...	2004	15000391
production and characterization of hemicellulase activities from trichoderma harzianum strain t4.	xylan and mannan are the major constituent groups of hemicellulose in the cell wall of higher plants. the mesophilic fungus trichoderma harzianum strain t4 produces extracellular xylanase and mannanase activities when grown in the presence of oat (avena sativa)-spelt xylan and wheat bran as the carbon sources respectively. after the growth procedure, the crude extracts were submitted to ultrafiltration in an amicon system fitted with a 10 kda-cut-off membrane. mannanase activity was only detecte ...	2004	14763904
a molecular linkage map with associated qtls from a hulless x covered spring oat population.	in spring-type oat ( avena sativa l.), quantitative trait loci (qtls) detected in adapted populations may have the greatest potential for improving germplasm via marker-assisted selection. an f(6) recombinant inbred (ri) population was developed from a cross between two canadian spring oat varieties: 'terra', a hulless line, and 'marion', an elite covered-seeded line. a molecular linkage map was generated using 430 aflp, rflp, rapd, scar, and phenotypic markers scored on 101 ri lines. this map w ...	2004	14767596
milk fatty acid composition of cows fed a total mixed ration or pasture plus concentrates replacing corn with fat.	thirty-one holstein cows (six ruminally cannulated) were used to evaluate milk fatty acids (fa) composition and conjugated linoleic acid (cla) content on three dietary treatments: 1) total mixed rations (tmr), 2) pasture (avena sativa l.) plus 6.7 kg dm/d of corn-based concentrate (pcorn), and 3) pasture plus pcorn with 0.8 kg dm/d of ca salts of unsaturated fa replacing 1.9 kg dm/d of corn (pfat). no differences were found in total (22.4 kg/d) or pasture (18.5 kg/d) dry matter intake, ruminal p ...	2003	14594244
growth performance, carcass and pork quality of finisher pigs fed oat-based diets containing different levels of beta-glucans.	a study was undertaken to investigate the growth performance and carcass and meat quality of pigs (bw = 52 to 108 kg) fed oat-based (avena sativa l.) diets containing four levels of mixed-linkage (1 --> 3), (1 --> 4)-beta-d-glucans. one hundred sixty pigs-80 barrows and 80 gilts (average starting bw = 52.7 kg)--were allocated to one of five diets: a wheat-barley-based control diet and four experimental diets. the groats of marion, a covered oat, and ot789, a hulless oat, were used to formulate f ...	2003	12643489
inhibitory effect of sejin-eum i/ii on nicotine- and cigarette extract-induced cytotoxicity in human lung fibroblast.	nicotine is a major pharmacologically active component of cigarette smoke. excessive cigarette smoking is harmful to lung. sejin-eum (sje) i is composed of various oriental medicines, and sje ii is sje i plus seeds of avena sativa (gramineae) that reduces the craving for cigarette in man. in this study, we have examined whether an aqueous extract of sje i/ii inhibits nicotine- or cigarette extract (ce)-induced cytotoxicity in human embryonic lung fibroblast, mrc-9. assessment of cell viability u ...	2003	12686436
"chitin-specific" peroxidases in plants.	the activity of various plant peroxidases and the ability of their individual isoforms to bind chitin was studied. some increase in peroxidase activity was observed in crude extracts in the presence of chitin. activated peroxidases of some species fell in the fraction not sorbed on chitin and those of other species can bind chitin. only anionic isoperoxidases from oat (avena sativa), rice (oryza sativa), horseradish (armoracia rusticana), garden radish (raphanus sativus var. radicula), peanut (a ...	2003	12693984
the development and evaluation of consensus chloroplast primer pairs that possess highly variable sequence regions in a diverse array of plant taxa.	although universal or consensus chloroplast primers are available, they are limited by their number and genomic distribution. therefore, a set of consensus chloroplast primer pairs for simple sequence repeats (ccssrs) analysis was constructed from tobacco (nicotiana tabacum l.) chloroplast sequences. these were then tested for their general utility in the genetic analysis of a diverse array of plant taxa. in order to increase the number of ccssrs beyond that previously reported, the target seque ...	2003	12827249
replacement value of undecorticated sunflower meal as a supplement for milk production by crossbred cows and buffaloes in the northern plains of india.	the replacement value of undecorticated sunflower meal (sfm) in the diets of dairy animals was assessed on-station and on-farm. eighteen primiparous crossbred (bos taurus x bos indicus) cows (350.4 +/- 8.84 kg), randomly allocated to three groups, were used in the on-station study. the animals were fed on either a conventional concentrate supplement (control) or on an experimental concentrate, in which sfm replaced 25% (sfm-25) or 50% (sfm-50) of the cp in the control supplement. green oats (ave ...	2003	12735704
joint effects of elevated levels of ultraviolet-b radiation, carbon dioxide and ozone on plants.	there is growing interest regarding the joint effects of elevated levels of surface ultraviolet b (uv-b) radiation, carbon dioxide (co2) and ozone (o3) on plants. our current knowledge of this subject is too limited to draw any specific conclusions, although one might state that such effects are likely to be highly species dependent and may be more than additive, additive or less than additive. there are a number of uncertainties associated with the experimental protocols used and the conclusion ...	2003	14743861
willet m. hays, great benefactor to plant breeding and the founder of our association.	willet m. hays was a great benefactor to plant breeding and the founder of the american genetic association (aga). we commemorate the aga's centennial. we mined university archives, u.s. department of agriculture (usda) yearbooks, plant breeding textbooks, scientific periodicals, and descendants for information. willet hays first recognized the individual plant as the unit of selection and started systematic pure-line selection and progeny tests in 1888. he developed useful plant breeding method ...	2003	14691309
a molecular marker map in 'kanota' x 'ogle' hexaploid oat (avena spp.) enhanced by additional markers and a robust framework.	molecular mapping of cultivated oats was conducted to update the previous reference map constructed using a recombinant inbred (ri) population derived from avena byzantina c. koch cv. kanota x avena sativa l. cv. ogle. in the current work, 607 new markers were scored, many on a larger set of ri lines (133 vs. 71) than previously reported. a robust, updated framework map was developed to resolve linkage associations among 286 markers. the remaining 880 markers were placed individually within the ...	2003	12669794
avenanthramides in oats (avena sativa l.) and structure-antioxidant activity relationships.	eight avenanthramides, amides of anthranilic acid (1) and 5-hydroxyanthranilic acid (2), respectively, and the four cinnamic acids p-coumaric (p), caffeic (c), ferulic (f), and sinapic (s) acid, were synthesized for identification in oat extracts and for structure-antioxidant activity studies. three compounds (2p, 2c, and 2f) were found in oat extracts. as assessed by the reactivity toward 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (dpph), all avenanthramides except 1p showed activity. initially, the antioxi ...	2003	12537428
europium uptake and partitioning in oat (avena sativa) roots as studied by laser-induced fluorescence spectroscopy and confocal microscopy profiling technique.	the uptake of eu3+ by elongating oat roots was studied by fluorescence spectroscopy, fluorescence lifetime measurement, and a laser excitation time-resolved confocal fluorescence profiling technique. the results of this work indicated that initial uptake of eu3+ was highest within the undifferentiated cells of the root tip just behind the root cap, a region of maximal cell growth and differentiation and with incomplete formation of the casparian strip around the central vascular cylinder. distri ...	2003	14655714
cadmium contents of oats (avena sativa l.) in official variety, organic cultivation, and nitrogen fertilization trials during 1997-1999.	the cadmium (cd) contents of oats (avena sativa l.) in finland were examined over a 3 year period in three types of trials: official variety, organic vs conventional cultivation, and nitrogen fertilization trials. large seasonal and regional variations were found in the cd concentrations. in official variety trials, the mean cd contents in 1997, 1998, and 1999 were 0.046, 0.029, and 0.052 mg kg(-1) dry weight (dw), respectively, ranging from 0.008 to 0.120 mg kg(-1) dw. the concentrations were g ...	2003	12696945
mapping of low- and high-fluence autophosphorylation sites in phototropin 1.	phototropins, originally detected by their blue light-dependent autophosphorylation, are plant photoreceptors involved in several blue light responses such as phototropism, chloroplast relocation, leaf expansion, rapid inhibition of hypocotyl growth, and stomatal opening. three domains have been identified in phototropin sequences, two chromophore binding domains (lov1 and lov2) and a kinase domain. we describe here two additional domains, the n-terminus upstream of lov1 and the hinge region bet ...	2003	12680776
isolation and identification of triticeae chromosome 1 receptor-like kinase genes (lrk10) from diploid, tetraploid, and hexaploid species of the genus avena.	the dna sequence of an extracellular (exc) domain of an oat (avena sativa l.) receptor-like kinase (alrk10) gene was amplified from 23 accessions of 15 avena species (6 diploid, 6 tetraploid, and 3 hexaploid). primers were designed from one partial oat alrk10 clone that had been used to map the gene in hexaploid oat to linkage groups syntenic to triticeae chromosome 1 and 3. cluster (phylogenetic) analyses showed that all of the oat dna sequences amplified with these primers are orthologous to t ...	2003	12669804
mechanism of physiological effects of titanium leaf sprays on plants grown on soil.	titanium (ti) has significant biological effects on plants, being beneficial at low and toxic at higher concentrations. from results of our hydroponical experiment with oats, we have recently proposed that the effect called hormesis is the mechanism of ti action in plants. here, we present the experiment with oats (avena sativa l. cv. zlat'ák) grown on soil where ti was applied using leaf sprays. two different soils, three different concentrations of ti(iv) citrate spray solution (0, 20, and 50 ...	2003	12719613
blue light perception in plants. detection and characterization of a light-induced neutral flavin radical in a c450a mutant of phototropin.	the lov2 domain of avena sativa phototropin and its c450a mutant were expressed as recombinant fusion proteins and were examined by optical spectroscopy, electron paramagnetic resonance, and electron-nuclear double resonance. upon irradiation (420-480 nm), the lov2 c450a mutant protein gave an optical absorption spectrum characteristic of a flavin radical even in the absence of exogenous electron donors, thus demonstrating that the flavin mononucleotide (fmn) cofactor in its photogenerated tripl ...	2003	12525505
characterization of two phases of chlorophyll formation during greening of etiolated barley leaves.	the esterification kinetics of chlorophyllide, obtained by a single flash of light, were investigated in etiolated barley ( hordeum vulgare l.) and oat ( avena sativa l.) leaves. a rapid phase, leading to esterification of 15% of total chlorophyllide within 15-30 s, was followed by a lag-phase of nearly 2 min and a subsequent main phase, leading to esterification of 85% of total chlorophyllide within 30-60 min. the presence of additional protochlorophyllide, produced in the leaves by incubation ...	2003	12520340
purification and properties of betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase from avena sativa.	betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase (badh; ec 1.2.1.8) is the enzyme that catalyzes the second step in the synthesis of the osmoprotectant, glycine betaine. nad-dependent badh was purified from avena sativa shoots by deae sephacel, hydroxyapatite, 5'-amp sepharose 4b, mono q and tsk-gel column chromatographies to homogeneity by the criterion of native page, and the properties of badh were compared with those of aminoaldehyde dehydrogenase purified to homogeneity from a. sativa. the molecular mass est ...	2003	12736784
a genetic linkage map for hexaploid, cultivated oat (avena sativa l.) based on an intraspecific cross 'ogle/mam17-5'.	genetic research and breeding of oat ( avena sativa l.) would be aided by development of a genetic linkage map for a breeding population. such a map could be used for localization of qualitative and quantitative trait loci, marker-assisted selection and other genetic analysis in an adapted, agronomically useful background. the objectives of this research were to develop a genetic linkage map of hexaploid cultivated oat, to identify homoeologous relationships of linkage groups, and to compare hom ...	2003	12721634
primary reactions of the lov2 domain of phototropin, a plant blue-light photoreceptor.	the phototropins constitute an important class of plant photoreceptor kinases that control a range of physiological responses, including phototropism, light-directed chloroplast movement, and light-induced stomatal opening. the lov2 domain of phototropin binds a molecule of flavin mononucleotide (fmn) and undergoes a photocycle involving light-driven covalent adduct formation between a conserved cysteine residue and the c(4a) atom of fmn. this product state promotes c-terminal kinase activation ...	2003	12653541
changes in phosphorylation of 50 and 53 kda soluble proteins in graviresponding oat (avena sativa) shoots.	the present work indicates that phosphorylation of a 50 kda soluble protein is involved in the gravitropic response in graviresponsive pulvini of oat (avena sativa) stems. this 50 kda protein shows a differential pattern of phosphorylation between lower and upper halves of pulvini both in vivo and in vitro. the differential phosphorylation of this protein is detected only when stem segments are gravistimulated for short and long time periods. the differential phosphorylation of the 50 kda protei ...	2003	12598571
comparison of cytokinin-binding proteins from wheat and oat grains.	cytokinin-binding proteins (cbps) isolated from mature grains of oat (avena sativa l.) and wheat (triticum aestivum l.) by acid precipitation, ion-exchange and affinity chromatography had similar characteristics, although they differed somewhat in apparent molecular weight of the native protein as determined by gel filtration (109 and 133 kda, respectively) and subunit size as estimated by sds-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (47 and 55 kda, respectively). highly purified oat cbp showed very w ...	2003	12675735
influence of application volume on herbicide efficacy.	herbicide doses used by farmers are often lower than registration doses. one of the reasons put forward is that field assays for registration are performed at relatively high application volumes (typically 300 l ha(-1)), whereas farmers use lower volumes (down to 75 l ha(-1) or even lower). the resulting concentration of the active ingredient(s) and the formulants is supposed to enhance efficacy. to test this hypothesis in the case of specific graminicides, we compared the efficacy of clodinafop ...	2003	15149130
asymmetric somatic hybridization between wheat (triticum aestivum) and avena sativa l.	protoplasts from cell suspensions ofyoung-embryo-derived calli, which were nonregenerable for long-term subculture and protoplasts from embryogenic calli with the regeneration capacity of 75% ofthe same wheat jinan 177, were mixed as recipient. protoplasts from embryogenic calli of avena sativa (with the regeneration capacity ofless than 10%) irradiated with uv at an intensity of 300 muw/cm(2) for 30 s, 1 min, 2 min, 3 min, 5 min were used as the donor. protoplasts ofthe recipient and the donor ...	2003	18763139
oat cover cropping and soil insecticides in an integrated sugarbeet root maggot (diptera: otitidae) management program.	sugarbeet, beta vulgaris l., producers occasionally establish cereal cover crops to minimize early-season soil erosion, wind abrasion, and mechanical injury of seedlings. we evaluated the use of living oat, avena sativa l., cover cropping as a cultural tactic to minimize feeding injury from sugarbeet root maggot, tetanops myopaeformis (röder), larvae at five field sites during 1996, 1998, and 1999. sweep-net sampling yielded 4.8-, 11.2-, and 7.2-fold more flies from oat cover-cropped chlorpyrifo ...	2003	14650515
development of a monoclonal antibody-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to quantify soluble beta-glucans in oats and barley.	a set of 31 murine monoclonal antibodies was produced against (1-->3,1-->4)beta-d-glucan from oats (avena sativa l.) chemically cross-linked to keyhole limpet hemocyanin. monoclonal antibodies were tested for their cross-reactivity to related and unrelated polysaccharides. the antibodies reacted strongly to unmodified beta-glucan from oats and barley (hordeum vulgare l.) and to lichenan from icelandic moss, a polysaccharide with a structure similar to that of beta-glucan but which is not encount ...	2003	13129289
in vivo and in vitro effects of cadmium on h+ atpase activity of plasma membrane vesicles from oat (avena sativa l.) roots.	the effect of an in vivo and in vitro treatment with cadmium on transport activities of root plasma membrane enriched vesicles was studied in oat (avena sativa l. cv. argentina) plants. addition of 100 mumol/l cdso4 to nutrient solution decreases both proton transport activity and atpase activity to the same level. in vitro experiments show that cadmium seems to have a differential inhibiting effect on proton transport activity and atpase activity, the most pronounced one on atp-dependent h(+)-a ...	2003	12756918
molecular mapping of genomic regions underlying barley yellow dwarf tolerance in cultivated oat (avena sativa l.).	barley yellow dwarf (byd) is one of the most important viral diseases in small grains, including oat (avena sativa l.). breeding for byd tolerance is an effective and efficient means to control the disease. characterization of major sources of tolerance, and identification of marker and the trait associations, will directly benefit breeding for byd tolerance. genomic regions underlying byd tolerance were mapped and characterized in an oat population consisting of 152 recombinant inbred lines fro ...	2003	12748782
cys/gly-rich proteins with a putative single chitin-binding domain from oat (avena sativa) seeds.	through a reliable and repeatable procedure based on solid-phase extraction techniques, a protein fraction (p fraction) rich in cys/gly residues was extracted and captured from oat (avena sativa l.) seeds. quantitative amino acid analysis and ms of the p fraction indicated that it contains a series of heterogeneous cys/gly-rich proteins with molecular masses of 3.6-4.0 kda. preliminary results from bioassays showed that these proteins possess weak to moderate antifungal properties to some fungal ...	2003	12737975
thin layer chromatography-application in qualitative analysis on presence of coumarins and flavonoids in plant material.	drugs, natural medicinal plant, animals and mineral materials, have a large and various application in official pharmacy and medicine. carriers of multilateral pharmacological effects that those drugs shown, are chemically define as active components that are present in them. methods of qualitative and quantitative analysis are used for the chemical investigation of components that drugs contain. method of thin layer chromatography has been shown as very reliable. according to the chemical inves ...	2003	16232145
integration, expression and inheritance of transgenes in hexaploid oat (avena sativa l.).	two oat varieties, melys (spring variety) and bulwark (winter variety) were transformed by particle bombardment of primary embryogenic callus using either a ubi-bar-ubi-gus co-integration vector or co-transformed (melys) with a ubi-bar plasmid together with one of three plasmids containing the beta-glucuronidase (gus) gene under the control of either a rice actin promoter, a camv35s promoter or a wheat high molecular weight glutenin promoter. morphologically normal and fertile transgenic plants ...	2003	12964869
reduction in the endogenous arginine decarboxylase transcript levels in rice leads to depletion of the putrescine and spermidine pools with no concomitant changes in the expression of downstream genes in the polyamine biosynthetic pathway.	we investigated whether down-regulation of arginine decarboxylase (adc) activity and concomitant changes in polyamine levels result in changes in the expression of downstream genes in the polyamine pathway. we generated transgenic rice (oryza sativa l.) plants in which the rice adc gene was down-regulated by expression of its antisense oat (avena sativa l.) ortholog. plants expressed the oat mrna adc transcript at different levels. the endogenous transcript was down-regulated in five out of eigh ...	2003	12898254
damage potential of grasshoppers (orthoptera: acrididae) on early growth stages of small-grains and canola under subarctic conditions.	we characterized the type and extent of grasshopper injury to above- and below-ground plant parts for four crops [barley (hordeum vulgare l.), oats (avena sativa l.), wheat (triticum aestivum l.), and canola (brassica campestris l.)] commonly grown, or with potential to grow, in central alaska. cages were placed on 48 pots containing plants in second to third leaf stages and stocked with 0, 2, 4, and 6 first-instar melanoplus sanguinipes f. pot(-1). plants were harvested 22 d after planting. ste ...	2003	14503591
captures of western corn rootworm (coleoptera: chrysomelidae) adults with pherocon am and vial traps in four crops in east central illinois.	it is hypothesized that the long-term rotation of maize (zea mays l.) and soybean (glycine max l.) in east central illinois has caused a significant change in the ovipositional behavior of the western corn rootworm, diabrotica virgifera virgifera leconte. since the mid 1990s in east central illinois, western corn rootworm adults have been observed feeding on soybean foliage and also now use soybean fields as egg laying sites. this behavioral adaptation has greatly decreased the effectiveness of ...	2003	12852611
expression of green fluorescent protein and its inheritance in transgenic oat plants generated from shoot meristematic cultures.	the expression of green fluorescent protein (gfp) and its inheritance were studied in transgenic oat ( avena sativa l.) plants transformed with a synthetic green fluorescent protein gene [sgfp(s65t)] driven by a rice actin promoter. in vitro shoot meristematic cultures (smcs) induced from shoot apices of germinating mature seeds of a commercial oat cultivar, garry, were used as a transformation target. proliferating smcs were bombarded with a mixture of plasmids containing the sgfp(s65t) gene an ...	2003	12789450
reduction of crop contamination by soil resuspension within the 30-km zone of the chernobyl nuclear power plant.	a field experiment was conducted within the 30-km zone of the chernobyl nuclear power plant to analyze whether the application of mulching reduced resuspension of 137cs contaminated soil in oat (avena sativa) crops. in 1993, we applied a mulch treatment at a dose of 200 g m(-2), and soil resuspension was measured by estimating soil loadings onto plant surfaces from ti concentrations in plants. in 1994, two mulch doses were applied, 200 and 50 g m(-2), and we estimated the contribution of soil re ...	2003	14594366
growth promotion and an increase in cell wall extensibility by silicon in rice and some other poaceae seedlings.	the effect of silicon on organ growth and its mechanisms of action were studied in rice ( oryza sativa l. cv. koshihikari), oat ( avena sativa l. cv. victory), and wheat ( triticum aestivum l. cv. daichino-minori) seedlings grown in the dark. applying silicon in the form of silicic acid to these seedlings via culture solution resulted in growth promotion of third (rice) or second (oat and wheat) leaves. the optimal concentration of silicon was 5-10 mm. no growth promotion was observed in early o ...	2002	12884045
the activation state of rubisco directly limits photosynthesis at low co(2) and low o(2) partial pressures.	using gas exchange, enzyme assays, and theoretical modeling of photosynthetic responses to light and co(2), we investigated whether decarbamylation of the active site of rubisco at low co(2) and low light leads to a condition where the activation state of rubisco directly limits the rate of net co(2) assimilation. photosynthetic limitation by a reduction in the activation state of rubisco would be indicated as a decline in the initial slope of the photosynthetic co(2) response relative to what i ...	2002	16228135
competence of oat ( avena sativa l.) shoot apical meristems for integrative transformation, inherited expression, and osmotic tolerance of transgenic lines containing hva1.	three oat ( avena sativa l.) cultivars have been successfully transformed using an efficient and reproducible in vitro culture system for differentiation of multiple shoots from shoot apical meristems. the transformation was performed using microprojectile bombardment with two plasmids (pby520 and pact1-d) containing linked ( hva1-bar) and non-linked ( gus) genes. the hva1 and bar genes cointegrated with a frequency of 100% as expected, and 61.6% of the transgenic plants carried all three genes. ...	2002	12582520
purification and properties of aminoaldehyde dehydrogenase from avena sativa.	nad-dependent aminoaldehyde dehydrogenase (amadh, ec 1.2.1.-) from avena shoots was purified by deae sephacel, hydroxyapatite, 5'-amp sepharose 4b, mono q, and tsk-gel column chromatographies to homogeneity by the criterion of native page. sds-page yielded a single band at a molecular mass of 55 kda. ief studies showed a band with a p i value of 5.3. in contrast to amadhs from other species, the tsk-gel chromatography showed that avenaamadh exists as a monomer in the native state. the purified e ...	2002	12579364
ethanol sensitivity of rice and oat coleoptiles.	the ability to avoid the ethanol-induced injury was evaluated in rice (oryza sativa l.) and oat (avena sativa l.) coleoptiles. the growth of the rice and oat coleoptiles was inhibited by ethanol exogenously applied at concentrations greater than 200 and 30 mm, respectively. at 300 mm ethanol, oat coleoptiles were brown and flaccid but rice coleoptiles did not show any visible symptoms of toxicity. the acetaldehyde level in rice and oat coleoptiles was increased by exogenously applied ethanol and ...	2002	12010475
gramene, a tool for grass genomics.	gramene (http://www.gramene.org) is a comparative genome mapping database for grasses and a community resource for rice (oryza sativa). it combines a semi-automatically generated database of cereal genomic and expressed sequence tag sequences, genetic maps, map relations, and publications, with a curated database of rice mutants (genes and alleles), molecular markers, and proteins. gramene curators read and extract detailed information from published sources, summarize that information in a stru ...	2002	12481044
complex transgene locus structures implicate multiple mechanisms for plant transgene rearrangement.	to more fully characterize the internal structure of transgene loci and to gain further understanding of mechanisms of transgene locus formation, we sequenced more than 160 kb of complex transgene loci in two unrelated transgenic oat (avena sativa l.) lines transformed using microprojectile bombardment. the transgene locus sequences from both lines exhibited extreme scrambling of non-contiguous transgene and genomic fragments recombined via illegitimate recombination. a perfect direct repeat of ...	2002	12445116
direct capture and cloning of receptor kinase and peroxidase genes from genomic dna.	a direct dna capture and cloning procedure with magnetic bead separation was used to isolate receptor kinase like and peroxidase genes from oat (avena sativa) and wheat (triticum aestivum l.) genomic dna, respectively. in this procedure, the digoxigenin-labeled probe dna and target genomic dna fragments were mixed, denatured, and hybridized. the double-helix complexes formed were captured with anti-digoxigenin immunoglobulin-coated magnetic beads and then cloned into either the lambdabluestar or ...	2002	12416632
serpins of oat (avena sativa) grain with distinct reactive centres and inhibitory specificity.	most proteinase inhibitors from plant seeds are assumed to contribute to broad-spectrum protection against pests and pathogens. in oat (avena sativa l.) grain the main serine proteinase inhibitors were found to be serpins, which utilize a unique mechanism of irreversible inhibition. four distinct inhibitors of the serpin superfamily were detected by native page as major seed albumins and purified by thiophilic adsorption and anion exchange chromatography. the four serpins osza-d are the first pr ...	2002	12354191
fluorescence in situ hybridization mapping of avena sativa l. cv. sunii and its monosomic lines using cloned repetitive dna sequences.	fluorescent in situ hybridization (fish) employing multiple probes was used with mitotic or meiotic chromosome spreads of avena sativa l. cv. sunii and its monosomic lines to produce physical chromosome maps. the probes used were avena strigosa pas120a (which hybridizes exclusively to a-genome chromosomes), avena murphyi pam1 (which hybridizes exclusively to c-genome chromosomes), a. strigosa pas121 (which hybridizes exclusively to a- and d-genome chromosomes), and the wheat rdna probes pta71 an ...	2002	12502269
isolation of a/d and c genome specific dispersed and clustered repetitive dna sequences from avena sativa.	dna gel-blot and in situ hybridization with genome-specific repeated sequences have proven to be valuable tools in analyzing genome structure and relationships in species with complex allopolyploid genomes such as hexaploid oat (avena sativa l., 2n = 6x = 42; aaccdd genome). in this report, we describe a systematic approach for isolating genome-, chromosome-, and region-specific repeated and low-copy dna sequences from oat that can presumably be applied to any complex genome species. genome-spec ...	2002	11962640
toxicity of methyl tert-butyl ether to plants (avena sativa, zea mays, triticum aestivum, and lactuca sativa).	influence of methyl tert-butyl ether (mtbe) on the germination of seeds and growth of seedling plants were studied in laboratory experiments. test plants were wild oats (avena sativa), sweet corn (zea mays), wheat (triticum aestivum), and lettuce (lactuca sativa). seed germination, shoot growth, and root growth of plants exposed to different concentrations of mtbe in a moist soil were examined. seed germination and seedling growth in mtbe-contaminated soil were markedly reduced in all test plant ...	2002	12152769
effects of commercial processing on levels of antioxidants in oats (avena sativa l.).	the effects of various commercial hydrothermal processes (steaming, autoclaving, and drum drying) on levels of selected oat antioxidants were investigated. steaming and flaking of dehulled oat groats resulted in moderate losses of tocotrienols, caffeic acid, and the avenanthramide bp (n-(4'-hydroxy)-(e)-cinnamoyl-5-hydroxy-anthranilic acid), while ferulic acid and vanillin increased. the tocopherols and the avenanthramides bc (n-(3',4'-dihydroxy-(e)-cinnamoyl-5-hydroxy-anthranilic acid) and bf ( ...	2002	11902929
tropisms of avena coleoptiles: sine law for gravitropism, exponential law for photogravitropic equilibrium.	the quantitative relation between gravitropism and phototropism was analyzed for light-grown coleoptiles of avena sativa (l.). with respect to gravitropism the coleoptiles obeyed the sine law. to study the interaction between light and gravity, coleoptiles were inclined at variable angles and irradiated for 7 h with unilateral blue light (466 nm) impinging at right angles relative to the axis of the coleoptile. the phototropic stimulus was applied from the side opposite to the direction of gravi ...	2002	12244443
genetic and physical mapping of lrk10-like receptor kinase sequences in hexaploid oat (avena sativa l.).	oat receptor-like kinase gene sequences, homologous to the lrk10 gene from wheat (triticum aestivum l.), were mapped in oat (avena sativa l.). pcr primers designed from the wheat lrk10 were used to produce alrk10 from oat. two dna sequences, alrk1a1 and alrk4a5, were produced from primers designed from coding and noncoding regions of alrk10. their use as rflp probes indicated that the kinase genes mapped to four loci on different hexaploid oat 'kanota' x 'ogle' linkage groups (4_12, 5, 6, and 13 ...	2002	11908651
the serine-rich n-terminal domain of oat phytochrome a helps regulate light responses and subnuclear localization of the photoreceptor.	phytochrome (phy) a mediates two distinct photobiological responses in plants: the very-low-fluence response (vlfr), which can be saturated by short pulses of very-low-fluence light, and the high-irradiance response (hir), which requires prolonged irradiation with higher fluences of far-red light (fr). to investigate whether the vlfr and hir involve different domains within the phya molecule, transgenic tobacco (nicotiana tabacum cv xanthi) and arabidopsis seedlings expressing full-length (fl) a ...	2002	12114567
independent activation of cold acclimation by low temperature and short photoperiod in hybrid aspen.	temperate zone woody plants cold acclimate in response to both short daylength (sd) and low temperature (lt). we were able to show that these two environmental cues induce cold acclimation independently by comparing the wild type (wt) and the transgenic hybrid aspen (populus tremula x populus tremuloides michx.) line 22 overexpressing the oat (avena sativa) phytochrome a gene. line 22 was not able to detect the sd and, consequently, did not stop growing in sd conditions. this resulted in an impa ...	2002	12177476
pre-loading of chlorophyll synthase with tetraprenyl diphosphate is an obligatory step in chlorophyll biosynthesis.	the reaction of recombinant chlorophyll synthase from avena sativa, expressed in escherichia coli, was investigated. to verify the identity of the recombinant and native enzymes, reaction rates were determined for both enzyme preparations with several chlorophyllide analogs. the rates of esterification of these modified substrates ranged from 0 to 100% of the rate with the natural substrate, and were nearly identical for both enzyme preparations. the lineweaver-burk plot for variation of both ch ...	2002	12530542
arginine decarboxylase transgene expression and analysis of environmental stress tolerance in transgenic rice.	arginine decarboxylase (adc) cdna from oat (avena sativa l.) was introduced into rice (oryza sativa l.) genome by an agrobacterium-mediated transformation method. expression of the adc transgene under the control of an aba-inducible promoter led to stress-induced upregulation of adc activity and polyamine accumulation in transgenic rice plants. second-generation (rl) transgenic rice plants showed an increase in biomass under salinity-stress conditions, as compared to the non-transformed control ...	2001	11297783
supplemental dietary protein for grazing dairy cows: reproduction, condition loss, plasma metabolites, and insulin.	an experiment was conducted over a 2-yr period to investigate the influence of grain crude protein (cp) and rumen undegradable protein (rup) concentration on reproduction and energy status of dairy cows grazing annual ryegrass (lolium multiflorum) and oats (avena sativa). holstein cows (n = 122) were blocked by calving group [partum (0 d postpartum) vs. postpartum (41 +/- 19 d postpartum at study initiation)] and assigned to grain supplements containing high cp [22.8% of dry matter (dm)], modera ...	2001	11352167
cloning and characterisation of chlorophyll synthase from avena sativa.	the chlorophyll synthase gene from oat (avena sativa) was cloned and expressed in escherichia coli. the deduced amino acid sequence consists of 378 amino acids including a presequence of 46 amino acids. deletion mutants show that a core protein comprising amino acid residues 88 to 377 is enzymatically active. the sequence of the mature protein shows 85% identity with the chlorophyll synthase of arabidopsis thaliana and 62% identity with the chlorophyll synthase of synechocystis pcc 6803. the gen ...	2001	11501754
ruminal digestion by dairy cows grazing winter oats pasture supplemented with different levels and sources of protein.	six holstein cows fitted with ruminal cannulae were used in two simultaneous 3 x 3 latin squares to study the effects of protein supplements on ruminal fermentation and in situ crude protein degradability. cows rotationally grazed a winter oats (avena sativa l.) pasture and were supplemented with one of three concentrate supplements: 1) low protein sunflower meal (l-sm); 2) high protein sunflower meal (h-sm); or 3) high protein feather meal (h-fm). concentrates (6.5 kg/d) were offered in equal p ...	2001	11699458
a novel protein elicitor (panie) from pythium aphanidermatum induces multiple defense responses in carrot, arabidopsis, and tobacco.	a novel protein elicitor (panie(234)) from pythium aphanidermatum (edson) fitzp. was purified, microsequenced, and the corresponding cdna was cloned. the deduced amino acid sequence contains a putative eukaryotic secretion signal with a proteinase cleavage site. the heterologously expressed elicitor protein without the secretion signal of 21 amino acids (panie(213)) triggered programmed cell death and de novo formation of 4-hydroxybenzoic acid in cultured cells of carrot (daucus carota). program ...	2001	11706166
chemistry and biology of phototropism-regulating substances in higher plants.	most people are familiar with the sight of a young seedling bending towards a window or the brightest source of light to which it is exposed. this directional growth response is known as phototropism, which is caused by a lateral growth-promoting auxin in the bending organ (cholodny-went theory, cited in high school textbook). recently, however, bruinsma et al., weiler et al., and hasegawa et al. independently found that the shaded half did not contain more auxin than the illuminated one. instea ...	2001	11933243
genomic interspersions determine the size and complexity of transgene loci in transgenic plants produced by microprojectile bombardment.	the structure of transgene loci in six transgenic allohexaploid oat (avena sativa l.) lines produced using microprojectile bombardment was characterized using fluorescence in situ hybridization (fish) on extended dna fibers (fiber-fish). the transgene loci in five lines were composed of multiple copies of delivered dna interspersed with genomic dna fragments ranging in size from ca. 3 kb to at least several hundred kilobases, and in greater numbers than detected using southern blot analysis. alt ...	2001	11550906
evaluation and refinement of a continuous seed germination and early seedling growth test for the use in the ecotoxicological assessment of soils.	four higher plant species (avena sativa l., oat; lepidium sativum l., cress; brassica rapa metzg., turnip; and phaseolus vulgaris l., bush bean) and 15 soils including five mineral oil-contaminated soils were tested to assess a soil-based continuous seed germination and early seedling growth bioassay. seed germination was recorded and the shoot biomass of 14-day seedlings measured. an automatic self-watering system was compared with the daily hand watering. results obtained from this study show ...	2001	11459155
high frequency of cytogenetic aberration in transgenic oat (avena sativa l.) plants.	cytological abnormalities were observed in transgenic oat (avena sativa l. cv. gaf/park-1) produced by microprojectile bombardment of mature seed-derived highly regenerative tissues. of the plants from 48 independent transgenic lines examined, plants from only 20 lines (42%) were karyotypically normal (2n=6x=42) without detectable chromosomal aberrations; plants from 28 lines (58%) had chromosomal variation, i.e. aneuploids and structural changes. no significant difference in cytological aberrat ...	2001	11448750
tween-20 activates and solubilizes the mitochondrial membrane-bound, calmodulin dependent nad+ finase of avena sativa l.	among different treatments assayed, a mix of a nonionic detergent (5% tween-20) with 0.5 m nacl was found to solubilize a large part of the calmodulin-dependent nad+ kinase bound to the inner mitochondrial membrane. it also stimulated its activity by increasing 7 times the maximal velocity. activity stimulation was also observed with phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine and with reductants (hso3 and dtt). this solubilized nad+ kinase and the calmodulin-dependent cytosoluble isoform disp ...	2001	11447505
molecular diversity and physical mapping of 5s rdna in wild and cultivated oat grasses (poaceae: aveneae).	5s rdna repeats studied in five genera of aveneae have lengths between 285 and 329 bp (avena sativa, avena macrostachya, 26 species of helictotrichon, pseudarrhenatherum longifolium, lagurus ovatus, and trisetum spicatum). in only a single species (helictotrichon aetolicum) an additional repeat of 456 bp occurs infrequently. variation is largely due to insertions or deletions in the nontranscribed spacer as determined from sequences of 163 independent clones. the 5s gene of the aveneae studied i ...	2001	11697916
bonding of hydroxycinnamic acids to lignin: ferulic and p-coumaric acids are predominantly linked at the benzyl position of lignin, not the beta-position, in grass cell walls.	a suspension in dichloromethane-water (18:1, v/v) of various fractions containing hydroxycinnamic acid ester-ether bridges between lignin and polysaccharides prepared from cell walls of matured oat (avena sativa l.) intemodes, and a solution of their acetates in the same solvent, were treated with 2,3-dichloro-5,6-dicyano-1,4-benzoquinone (ddq). this reagent selectively cleaves benzyl ether and ester linkages of negatively charged aromatic nuclei. the sample treated with ddq was directly hydroly ...	2001	11423145
a linkage map of hexaploid oat based on grass anchor dna clones and its relationship to other oat maps.	a cultivated oat linkage map was developed using a recombinant inbred population of 136 f6:7 lines from the cross 'ogle' x 'tam o-301'. a total of 441 marker loci, including 355 restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) markers, 40 amplified fragment length polymorphisms (aflps), 22 random amplified polymorphic dnas (rapds), 7 sequence-tagged sites (stss), 1 simple sequence repeat (ssr), 12 isozyme loci, and 4 discrete morphological traits, was mapped. fifteen loci remained unlinked, and 4 ...	2001	11341736
identification of a sucrose diester of a substituted beta-truxinic acid in oats.	a novel compound, 4,4'-dihydroxy-3,3'-dimethoxy-beta-truxinic acid esterified to sucrose through the fructosyl 3-and 6-carbons (1), was isolated from oat grains (avena sativa l.). its structure was determined by a combination of mass spectrometry and 1-d and 2-d nmr. the amounts of 1 in groats of six different oat cultivars ranged from 101 to 150 microg g(-1) (dry wt). none was detected in the hulls. the free diacid, 4,4'-dihydroxy-3,3'-dimethoxy-beta-truxinic acid (2), could not be detected in ...	2001	11324915
glycoside carbamates from benzoxazolin-2(3h)-one detoxification in extracts and exudates of corn roots.	zea mays was incubated with the natural phytotoxin benzoxazolin-2(3h)-one (boa) to investigate the detoxification process. a hitherto unknown detoxification product, 1-(2-hydroxyphenylamino)-1-deoxy-beta-gentiobioside 1,2-carbamate (3), was isolated and identified. a reinvestigation of known boa detoxification products by nmr methods led to the finding that the structure of benzoxazolin-2(3h)-one-n-beta-glucoside (1) first reported from avena sativa has to be revised. in fact, the correct struct ...	2001	11672748
an optomechanical transducer in the blue light receptor phototropin from avena sativa.	the phot1 (nph1) gene from avena sativa specifies the blue light receptor for phototropism, phototropin, which comprises two fmn-binding lov domains and a serine/threonine protein kinase domain. light exposure is conducive to autophosphorylation of the protein kinase domain. we have reconstituted a recombinant lov2 domain of a. sativa phototropin with various (13)c/(15)n-labeled isotopomers of the cofactor, fmn. the reconstituted protein samples were analyzed by nmr spectroscopy under dark and l ...	2001	11606742
intracellular localization of phytochrome in robinia pseudoacacia pulvini.	the intracellular localization of phytochrome in the pulvini of robinia pseudoacacia l. was analyzed by immunogold electron microscopy after red (r; 15 min) and far-red (fr; 5 min) irradiation 2 h after the beginning of the photoperiod. screening of the available antibodies by immunoblotting demonstrated that none of the oat (avena sativa l.) anti-phytochrome a (phy a) monoclonal antibodies) (mabs) detected robinia phytochrome. a putative robinia phy a was detected by immunoblotting using a mab ...	2001	11556789