Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
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| direct fermentation of raw starch using a kluyveromyces marxianus strain that expresses glucoamylase and alpha-amylase to produce ethanol. | raw starch and raw cassava tuber powder were directly and efficiently fermented at elevated temperatures to produce ethanol using the thermotolerant yeast kluyveromyces marxianus that expresses α-amylase from aspergillus oryzae as well as α-amylase and glucoamylase from debaryomyces occidentalis. among the constructed k. marxianus strains, yrl 009 had the highest efficiency in direct starch fermentation. raw starch from corn, potato, cassava, or wheat can be fermented at temperatures higher than ... | 2014 | 24478139 |
| bioconversion of industrial solid waste--cassava bagasse for pullulan production in solid state fermentation. | the purpose of the work was to produce commercially important pullulan using industrial solid waste namely cassava bagasse in solid state fermentation and minimize the solid waste disposal problem. first, influence of initial ph on cell morphology and pullulan yield was studied. effect of various factors like fermentation time, moisture ratio, nitrogen sources and particle size on pullulan yield was investigated. various supplementary carbon sources (3%, w/w) namely glucose, sucrose, fructose, m ... | 2014 | 24274475 |
| low cost medium for spore production of bacillus kku02 and kku03 and the effects of the produced spores on growth of giant freshwater prawn (macrobrachium rosenbergii de man). | in order to extend the shelf life of 2 high potential bacillus probiotic isolates which were bacillus kku02 and bacillus kku03, the spore forms of these 2 bacillus isolates were studied for using as probiotic instead. the low cost medium for spore production of these 2 bacillus isolates was examined in order to produce probiotic spores for feeding the shrimps. it was found that cassava at 100 g l(-1) and supplemented with 20.0 g l(-1) dextrose, 0.1 g l(-1) mgso4 and 2.0 g l(-1) (nh4)2so4 showed ... | 2014 | 26031020 |
| the rxl motif of the african cassava mosaic virus rep protein is necessary for rereplication of yeast dna and viral infection in plants. | geminiviruses, single-stranded dna plant viruses, encode a replication-initiator protein (rep) that is indispensable for virus replication. a potential cyclin interaction motif (rxl) in the sequence of african cassava mosaic virus rep may be an alternative link to cell cycle controls to the known interaction with plant homologs of retinoblastoma protein (prbr). mutation of this motif abrogated rereplication in fission yeast induced by expression of wildtype rep suggesting that rep interacts via ... | 2014 | 24999043 |
| why mosaic? gene expression profiling of african cassava mosaic virus-infected cassava reveals the effect of chlorophyll degradation on symptom development. | cassava mosaic disease, caused by cassava begomoviruses, is the most serious disease for cassava in africa. however, the pathogenesis of this disease is poorly understood. we employed high throughput digital gene expression profiling based on the illumina solexa sequencing technology to investigate the global transcriptional response of cassava to african cassava mosaic virus infection. we found that 3,210 genes were differentially expressed in virus-infected cassava leaves. gene ontology term a ... | 2014 | 24237761 |
| temperature effects on the binding efficiency of starch pastes. | the effect of temperature on the binding efficiency of yam starch and cassava starch pastes has been investigated. starch pastes prepared at different temperatures were used to granulate lactose powder and the resulting granules and tablet properties were evaluated. increased average granule size and decreased percentage fines were observed as the pasting temperature was increased upto a certain level and then there was a decrease in average size and increase in amount of fines as the pasting te ... | 2014 | 4023034 |
| assessment of bacterial bph gene in amazonian dark earth and their adjacent soils. | amazonian anthrosols are known to harbour distinct and highly diverse microbial communities. as most of the current assessments of these communities are based on taxonomic profiles, the functional gene structure of these communities, such as those responsible for key steps in the carbon cycle, mostly remain elusive. to gain insights into the diversity of catabolic genes involved in the degradation of hydrocarbons in anthropogenic horizons, we analysed the bacterial bph gene community structure, ... | 2014 | 24927167 |
| transcriptional analysis of south african cassava mosaic virus-infected susceptible and tolerant landraces of cassava highlights differences in resistance, basal defense and cell wall associated genes during infection. | cassava mosaic disease is caused by several distinct geminivirus species, including south african cassava mosaic virus-[south africa:99] (sacmv). to date, there is limited gene regulation information on viral stress responses in cassava, and global transcriptome profiling in sacmv-infected cassava represents an important step towards understanding natural host responses to plant geminiviruses. | 2014 | 25412561 |
| construction and comparison of gene co-expression networks shows complex plant immune responses. | gene co-expression networks (gcns) are graphic representations that depict the coordinated transcription of genes in response to certain stimuli. gcns provide functional annotations of genes whose function is unknown and are further used in studies of translational functional genomics among species. in this work, a methodology for the reconstruction and comparison of gcns is presented. this approach was applied using gene expression data that were obtained from immunity experiments in arabidopsi ... | 2014 | 25320678 |
| population typing of the causal agent of cassava bacterial blight in the eastern plains of colombia using two types of molecular markers. | molecular typing of pathogen populations is an important tool for the development of effective strategies for disease control. diverse molecular markers have been used to characterize populations of xanthomonas axonopodis pv. manihotis (xam), the main bacterial pathogen of cassava. recently, diversity and population dynamics of xam in the colombian caribbean coast were estimated using aflps, where populations were found to be dynamic, diverse and with haplotypes unstable across time. aiming to e ... | 2014 | 24946775 |
| diversity and localization of bacterial endosymbionts from whitefly species collected in brazil. | whiteflies (hemiptera: aleyrodidae) are sap-sucking insect pests, and some cause serious damage in agricultural crops by direct feeding and by transmitting plant viruses. whiteflies maintain close associations with bacterial endosymbionts that can significantly influence their biology. all whitefly species harbor a primary endosymbiont, and a diverse array of secondary endosymbionts. in this study, we surveyed 34 whitefly populations collected from the states of sao paulo, bahia, minas gerais an ... | 2014 | 25259930 |
| assessing the effect of composting cassava peel based substrates on the yield, nutritional quality, and physical characteristics of pleurotus ostreatus (jacq. ex fr.) kummer. | cassava peel based substrate formulations as an alternative substrate were used to grow mushrooms. the effect of two compost heights, three composting periods on the mycelia growth, physical characteristics, yield, and nutritional qualities of pleurotus ostreatus (jacq. ex fr.) kummer was studied. mean mycelia growth of 16.2 cm after a period of seven (7) weeks was the best for 1.5 m compost height. cap diameter and stipe length differed significantly (p < 0.05) with the compost heights (0.8 m a ... | 2014 | 25580299 |
| application of oxidized starch in bake-only chicken nuggets. | there is a need to reduce the fat content in fried foods because of increasing health concerns from consumers. oxidized starches have been utilized in many coating applications for their adhesion ability. however, it is not known if they perform similarly in bake-only products. this study investigated the application of oxidized starch in bake-only chicken nuggets. oxidized starches were prepared from 7 starches and analyzed for gelatinization and pasting properties. chicken nuggets were prepare ... | 2014 | 24754843 |
| enhancement of methane production from co-digestion of chicken manure with agricultural wastes. | the potential for methane production from semi-solid chicken manure (cm) and mixture of agricultural wastes (aws) in a co-digestion process has been experimentally evaluated at thermophilic and mesophilic temperatures. to the best of author(')s knowledge, it is the first time that cm is co-digested with mixture of aws consisting of coconut waste, cassava waste, and coffee grounds. two types of anaerobic digestion processes (ad process) were used, process 1 (p1) using fresh cm (fcm) and process 2 ... | 2014 | 24632629 |
| a standardized extract of ginkgo biloba prevents locomotion impairment induced by cassava juice in wistar rats. | the long-term consumption of cassava (manihot esculenta crantz) juice produce neurotoxic effects in the rat, characterized by an increased motor activity in the open field test and presence of uncoordinated swim (i.e., lateral swimming), in the swim test; which has been associated with damage in the hippocampus (ca1). on the other hand, flavonoids content in the ginkgo biloba extract has been reported to produces neuroprotective effects at experimental level; therefore we hypothesized that g. bi ... | 2014 | 25309441 |
| molecular cloning and expression of a novel myb transcription factor gene in rubber tree. | myb family proteins regulate a variety of cellular processes in plants. tapping panel dryness (tpd) in rubber tree (hevea brasiliensis muell. arg.) affects latex biosynthesis and causes serious losses to rubber producers. in this study, a novel sant/myb transcription factor gene down-regulated in tpd rubber tree, named as hbsm1, was isolated from rubber tree. the complete hbsm1 open reading frame (orf) was 948 bp in length. the deduced hbsm1 protein is 315 amino acids. hbsm1 belonged to 1rmyb su ... | 2014 | 25195053 |
| physicochemical properties of cassava starch oxidized by sodium hypochlorite. | in this work, cassava starch was modified by treatment with sodium hypochlorite (naclo) at different concentrations (0.8, 2.0 and 5.0 % of active chlorine) and selected physicochemical properties of the oxidized starches were investigated. the native and modified samples were evaluated considering moisture, carboxyl content, apparent viscosity, susceptibility to syneresis, mid-infrared spectroscopy and crystallinity index. the treatment with naclo resulted in alterations in carboxyl content of t ... | 2014 | 25328206 |
| fat substitutes in processing of sausages using piramutaba waste. | the aim of this study was to evaluate fat substitute in processing of sausages prepared with surimi of waste from piramutaba filleting. the formulation ingredients were mixed with the fat substitutes added according to a fractional planning 2(4-1), where the independent variables, manioc starch (ms), hydrogenated soy fat (f), texturized soybean protein (tsp) and carrageenan (cg) were evaluated on the responses of ph, texture (tx), raw batter stability (rbs) and water holding capacity (whc) of th ... | 2014 | 24966419 |
| in vivo and in vitro decolorization of synthetic dyes by laccase from solid state fermentation with trametes sp. sybc-l4. | synthetic decolorization of dyes through solid cassava residue substrate fermentation with trametes sp. sybc-l4 via in vivo and in vitro processes was investigated in this study. effects of ph and mediator (1-hydroxybenzotriazole, hbt) concentration on dyes decolorization were evaluated. in vitro, decolorization ratios of dyes differed considerably in ph and increased with the increasing of hbt concentration. crude laccase (50 u/l) derived from trametes sp. sybc-l4 decolorized 67.91 ± 1.25 % con ... | 2014 | 24951916 |
| ethno-medicinal knowledge and plants traditionally used to treat anemia in tanzania: a cross sectional survey. | 2014 | 24835027 | |
| waste biogas residue from cassava dregs as carbon source to produce galactomyces sp. cczu11-1 cellulase and its enzymatic saccharification. | in the conversion of cassava starch dregs to biogas by anaerobic fermentation, the biogas residue (br) containing lignocellulosic materials still remained in the environment. in order to effectively utilize br, the complexed 1-methyl-3-methylimidazolium dimethyl phosphate ([mmim]dmp) media were used for pretreating cellulosic materials. after the optimization of pretreatment, the il [mmim]dmp-hcl-water (78.5:1.5:20, w/w/w) pretreament media were used for pretreating br at 130 °c for 30 min. furt ... | 2014 | 24733531 |
| impregnation of cinnamaldehyde into cassava starch biocomposite films using supercritical fluid technology for the development of food active packaging. | in this work, supercritical solvent impregnation (ssi) has been tested for the incorporation of natural compounds into biocomposite materials for food packaging. cinnamaldehyde, with proved antimicrobial activity against fungi commonly found in bread products, was successfully impregnated on biocomposite cassava starch based materials using supercritical carbon dioxide as solvent. different process experimental conditions were tested (pressure, impregnation time and depressurization rate) at a f ... | 2014 | 24507353 |
| assessment of different carbohydrates as exogenous carbon source in cultivation of cyanobacteria. | glucose is the substrate most widely used as exogenous carbon source for heterotrophic cultivation of cyanobacteria. due to limited information about the use of different carbohydrates as carbon sources to support cyanobacterial heterotrophic metabolism, the objective of this work was to evaluate different monosaccharides (arabinose, fructose, galactose, glucose, mannose and xylose), disaccharides (lactose, maltose, sucrose and trehalose) and polysaccharides (carboxymethylcellulose, cassava star ... | 2014 | 24445336 |
| poly-β-hydroxyalkanoates production from cassava starch hydrolysate by cupriavidus sp. kku38. | a bacterium capable of accumulating polyhydroxyalkanoates (phas), cupriavidus sp. kku38 (genbank accession no. am260479), was isolated from cassava starch wastewater of cassava starch manufacturing process. kku38 can utilize glucose, fructose, maltose and xylose for pha production. glucose was the most suitable sugar for pha production giving the highest pha content and yield of 73.88% and 0.16 g/g-total sugar consumed, respectively. lactose and sucrose were not suitable carbon sources for both ... | 2014 | 24412153 |
| effect of steaming process on new formulation and physical properties of earthworm-based fish pellets for african catfish (clarias gariepinus). | fish feed has been recognized as one of main part/unit in aquaculture industry. however, current fish feed faces few challenges in terms of health aspects and cost issues. alternatively, new nutritional and economical/low cost formulation of fish pellets was designed by combination of earthworm powder and other economical ingredients such as fishmeal, soybean waste, rice bran and tapioca flour. the formulation was calculated using pearson's square and optimized by one-factor-at-time (ofat) metho ... | 2014 | 26031027 |
| nutritional composition of "gari" analog produced from cassava (manihot esculenta) and cocoyam (colocasia esculenta) tuber. | physicochemical properties ofgari analog produced from coprocessing of cassava (manihot esculenta crantz) and cocoyam (colocasia esculenta) were investigated. cassava tuber and cocoyam were coprocessed at different percentages before frying separately. proximate composition, mineral content, antinutritional factors, and sensory evaluation of various samples were determined. the results showed that the moisture content of all the samples was in the same range (7.28 ± 0.30 to 7.78 ± 0.14%). the pr ... | 2014 | 25493189 |
| physicochemical properties of flours and starches derived from traditional indonesian tubers and roots. | flours and starches isolated from traditional tubers and roots grown in indonesia have physical and chemical properties suitable for certain food applications. compared to other flour samples, cassava and canna flours contained the highest amount of total starch (ts) (77.4 and 77.1 %, respectively). taro starch had the lowest amount of ts among other starch samples with 75.4 %. the highest amount of amylose was observed from yam and canna flours (25.2 and 23.2 %, respectively). among starch samp ... | 2014 | 25477633 |
| influence of material structure on air-borne ultrasonic application in drying. | this work aims to contribute to the understanding of how the properties of the material being dried affect air-borne ultrasonic application. to this end, the experimental drying kinetics (40°c and 1m/s) of cassava (manihot esculenta) and apple (malus domestica var. granny smith) were carried out applying different ultrasonic powers (0, 6, 12, 19, 25 and 31 kw/m(3)). furthermore, the power ultrasound-assisted drying kinetics of different fruits and vegetables (potato, eggplant, carrot, orange and ... | 2014 | 24411471 |
| structural and functional analysis of hydroxynitrile lyase from baliospermum montanum with crystal structure, molecular dynamics and enzyme kinetics. | hydroxynitrile lyases (hnls) catalyze degradation of cyanohydrins to hydrogen cyanide and the corresponding ketone or aldehyde. hnls can also catalyze the reverse reaction, i.e., synthesis of cyanohydrins. although several crystal structures of s-selective hydroxynitrile lyases (s-hnls) have been reported, it remains unknown whether and how dynamics at the active site of s-hnls influence their broad substrate specificity and affinity. in this study, we analyzed the structure, dynamics and functi ... | 2014 | 25220808 |
| biopolymeric antimicrobial films: study of the influence of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, tapioca starch and glycerol contents on physical properties. | mixture design methodology was applied to study the effect of different levels of tapioca starch (ts), hydroxypropyl methylcelullose (hpmc), and glycerol (gly) on the physical properties of biopolymeric films supporting potassium sorbate (ks; 0.3% w/w) with the goal of contributing to the development of materials for preventing food surface contamination. mechanical properties, water vapour permeability (wvp), solubility in water (s) and colour attributes were evaluated on the films. hpmc additi ... | 2014 | 24433893 |
| adaptability in stone tool use by wild capuchin monkeys (sapajus libidinosus). | capuchin monkeys are well known for population variation in the use of stone tools and the types of food items consumed. in order to determine adaptability in stone tool use, we investigated a never before studied population of wild capuchin monkey (sapajus libidinosus) displaying terrestrial habits in a caatinga environment. to carry out this study we recorded physical evidence of the use of stone tools as well as made direct observations through trap cameras. during a 15-month period, we studi ... | 2014 | 24753103 |
| activity and abundance of methane-oxidizing bacteria in secondary forest and manioc plantations of amazonian dark earth and their adjacent soils. | the oxidation of atmospheric ch4 in upland soils is mostly mediated by uncultivated groups of microorganisms that have been identified solely by molecular markers, such as the sequence of the pmoa gene encoding the β-subunit of the particulate methane monooxygenase enzyme. the objective of this work was to compare the activity and diversity of methanotrophs in amazonian dark earth soil (ade, hortic anthrosol) and their adjacent non-anthropic soil. secondly, the effect of land use in the form of ... | 2014 | 25374565 |
| correlated changes in structure and viscosity during gelatinization and gelation of tapioca starch granules. | melting of native tapioca starch granules in aqueous pastes upon heating is observed in situ using simultaneous small- and wide-angle x-ray scattering (saxs/waxs) and solution viscometry. correlated structure and viscosity changes suggest closely associated amylose and amylopectin chains in the semicrystalline layers, and the release of amylose chains for enhanced solution viscosity occurs largely after melting of the semicrystalline structure. before melting, waxs results reveal mixed crystals ... | 2014 | 25485122 |
| molecular cloning and characterization of a cassava translationally controlled tumor protein gene potentially related to salt stress response. | cassava (manihot esculenta crantz) is one of the most important tropical crops showing tolerance to abiotic stress and adaptations to a wide range of environmental conditions. here, we aimed to isolate and characterize the full-length cdna and genomic sequences of a cassava translationally controlled tumor protein gene (metctp), and evaluate its potential role in response to salt stress. the metctp full-length cdna sequence encodes for a deduced protein with 168 amino acid residues, with theoret ... | 2014 | 24413992 |
| domain c of thermostable α-amylase of geobacillus thermoleovorans mediates raw starch adsorption. | the gene (1,542 bp) encoding thermostable ca(2+)-independent and raw starch hydrolyzing α-amylase of the extremely thermophilic bacterium geobacillus thermoleovorans encodes for a protein of 50 kda (gt-amyii) with 488 amino acids. the enzyme is optimally active at ph 7.0 and 60 °c with a t 1/2 of 19.4 h at 60 and 4 h at 70 °c. gt-amyii hydrolyses corn and tapioca raw starches efficiently and therefore finds application in starch saccharification at industrial sub-gelatinisation temperatures. the ... | 2014 | 24413972 |
| isolation and characterization of three cassava elongation factor 1 alpha (meef1a) promoters. | in plant genetic engineering, the identification of gene promoters leading to particular expression patterns is crucial for the development of new genetically modified plant generations. this research was conducted in order to isolate and characterize several new promoters from cassava (manihot esculenta crantz) elongation factor 1 alpha (ef1a) gene family.three promoters meef1a3, meef1a5 and meef1a6 were successfully isolated [corrected]. sequence analyses showed that all of the promoters conta ... | 2014 | 24404183 |
| genome-wide identification, 3d modeling, expression and enzymatic activity analysis of cell wall invertase gene family from cassava (manihot esculenta crantz). | the cell wall invertases play a crucial role on the sucrose metabolism in plant source and sink organs. in this research, six cell wall invertase genes (mecwinv1-6) were cloned from cassava. all the mecwinvs contain a putative signal peptide with a predicted extracellular location. the overall predicted structures of the mecwinv1-6 are similar to atcwinv1. their n-terminus domain forms a β-propeller module and three conserved sequence domains (ndpng, rdp and wecp(v)d), in which the catalytic res ... | 2014 | 24786092 |
| dietary sources of fiber intake in brazil. | the objective of this study was to estimate the household availability of fibers in brazil and to identify the dietary sources of this nutrient. data from the 2008-2009 household budget survey were used to estimate national household availability and density of fibers and also according to stratifications defined by income level, five regions and area (rural or urban). the contribution of the different food groups, classified by the nature, extent and purpose of processing, to total fibers avail ... | 2014 | 24769296 |
| comparison of leaf proteomes of cassava (manihot esculenta crantz) cultivar nz199 diploid and autotetraploid genotypes. | cassava polyploid breeding has drastically improved our knowledge on increasing root yield and its significant tolerance to stresses. in polyploid cassava plants, increases in dna content highly affect cell volumes and anatomical structures. however, the mechanism of this effect is poorly understood. the purpose of the present study was to compare and validate the changes between cassava cultivar nz199 diploid and autotetraploid at proteomic levels. the results showed that leaf proteome of cassa ... | 2014 | 24727655 |
| aspergillus 6v4, a strain isolated from manipueira, produces high amylases levels by using wheat bran as a substrate. | the aim of this study was screening fungi strains, isolated from manipueira (a liquid subproduct obtained from the flour production of manihot esculenta), for amylases production and investigating production of these enzymes by the strain aspergillus 6v4. the fungi isolated from manipueira belonged to ascomycota phylum. the strain aspergillus 6v4 was the best amylase producer in the screening assay of starch hydrolysis in petri dishes (ashpd) and in the assay in submerged fermentation (asbf). th ... | 2014 | 24724017 |
| slow glucose release property of enzyme-synthesized highly branched maltodextrins differs among starch sources. | seven types of starch (waxy corn, normal corn, waxy rice, normal rice, waxy potato, normal potato, and tapioca) were selected to produce slowly digestible maltodextrins by enzymatic modification using a previously developed procedure. branching enzyme (be) alone and in combination with β-amylase (ba) were used to increase the amount of α-1,6 branching points, which are slowly hydrolyzed by mucosal α-glucosidases in the small intestine. the enzymatic treatments of all starches resulted in a reduc ... | 2014 | 24702934 |
| use of pcr-dhplc with fluorescence detection for the characterization of the bacterial diversity during cassava (manihot esculenta crantz) fermentation. | denaturing high-performance liquid chromatography (dhplc) has been described as a suitable method to study dna polymorphisms. here, cassava (manihot esculenta crantz) fermentation liquor was examined using dhplc analysis to characterize the bacterial diversity during the fermentation process. gc-clamped amplicons corresponding to a variable region of the bacterial community 16s rdna were synthesized using polymerase chain reaction (pcr) and then resolved on a base-composition basis using prepara ... | 2014 | 24634228 |
| reference values of lead in blood and related factors among blood donors in the western amazon, brazil. | the aim of this study was to (1) determine the reference value of blood lead levels (bll) in a sample of blood donors of rio branco, the capital city of acre, in the western brazilian amazon, and (2) explore factors influencing lead (pb) exposure levels. between 2010 and 2011, blood samples were collected from universal blood donors attending the central hemotherapic unit in rio branco with a total number of 1196. information on characteristics of 1183 donors was obtained through questionnaires. ... | 2014 | 24627997 |
| development of cassava periclinal chimera may boost production. | plant periclinal chimeras are genotypic mosaics arranged concentrically. trials to produce them to combine different species have been done, but pratical results have not been achieved. we report for the second time the development of a very productive interspecific periclinal chimera in cassava. it has very large edible roots up to 14 kg per plant at one year old compared to 2-3 kg in common varieties. the epidermal tissue formed was from manihot esculenta cultivar unb 032, and the subepidermal ... | 2014 | 24615046 |
| characterization of modified tapioca starch solutions and their sprays for high temperature coating applications. | the objective of the research was to understand and improve the unusual physical and atomization properties of the complexes/adhesives derived from the tapioca starch by addition of borate and urea. the characterization of physical properties of the synthesized adhesives was carried out by determining the effect of temperature, shear rate, and mass concentration of thickener/stabilizer on the complex viscosity, density, and surface tension. in later stage, phenomenological analyses of spray jet ... | 2014 | 24592165 |
| tapioca melanoma of the iris without iris heterochromia. | a case of a teenage girl with tapioca melanoma of the iris is presented. this case is unusual, as the patient did not have heterochromia and did not present with elevated intraocular pressure. | 2014 | 24584308 |
| modification of tapioca starch by non-chemical route using jet atmospheric argon plasma. | non-chemical modification of tapioca starch was investigated using jet atmospheric argon plasma treatment. two forms of starch slurry, i.e. granular starch (g) and cooked starch (c), were jet-treated by argon plasma generated by supplying input power of 50 w (denoted as g50 and c50 samples) and 100 w (denoted as g100 and c100 samples) for 5 min. physical, rheological, and structural characteristics of the modified starch were investigated. the g50 and c100 samples had lower paste clarity but hig ... | 2014 | 24507348 |
| xanthan from sulphuric acid treated tapioca pulp: influence of acid concentration on xanthan fermentation. | xanthan gum was produced by fermentation of sulphuric acid pre-treated tapioca pulp. effect of sulphuric acid concentration (0.5%, 2.5% and 5.0%) on xanthan fermentation was investigated. maximum xanthan yield (7.1g/l) was obtained with 0.5% sulphuric acid pre-treatment. further, increase in sulphuric acid concentration caused formation of inhibitory substance and lowered xanthan yield. the product was confirmed as xanthan using ftir, (1)h nmr analyses. viscosity was measured by brookfield visco ... | 2014 | 24507334 |
| brazil's staple food and incident diabetes. | the aim of this study was to investigate the association of brazil's staple food, rice, beans and manioc, and the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus type 2 (t2dm) in adults assisted by a brazilian family doctor program (fdp). | 2014 | 24484685 |
| genome sequence of erinnyis ello granulovirus (erelgv), a natural cassava hornworm pesticide and the first sequenced sphingid-infecting betabaculovirus. | cassava (manihot esculenta) is the basic source for dietary energy of 500 million people in the world. in brazil, erinnyis ello ello (lepidoptera: sphingidae) is a major pest of cassava crops and a bottleneck for its production. in the 1980s, a naturally occurring baculovirus was isolated from e. ello larva and successfully applied as a bio-pesticide in the field. here, we described the structure, the complete genome sequence, and the phylogenetic relationships of the first sphingid-infecting be ... | 2014 | 25280947 |
| enzymatic and acid conversion of new starches from improved orphan crops: prospects for renewable materials uses in food and non-food industries. | the enzymatic and acid hydrolysis have converted eight new starches into a range of chain lengths mainly including glucose, maltose, and maltodextrins as observed on tlc plates, irrespective to the starch variety and treatment. results of the enzymatic hydrolysis have highlighted the possibility of the use of v4 and v64, which can be labelled as "dietary fibres", to enhance the organoleptic qualities of foods and for fibre fortification of low-calorie products. concerning v66 and v69, they have ... | 2014 | 25279291 |
| immune response and disease resistance of shrimp fed biofloc grown on different carbon sources. | the objective of this study was to document the immunological effects of growing shrimp in biofloc systems. the experiment consisted of four types of biofloc systems in which bioflocs were produced by daily supplementation of four different carbon sources, i.e. molasses, tapioca, tapioca-by-product, and rice bran, at an estimated c/n ratio of 15 and a control system without any organic carbon addition. each biofloc system was stocked with pacific white shrimp (litopenaeus vannamei) juveniles tha ... | 2014 | 25218685 |
| thermodynamic analysis of sorption isotherms of cassava (manihot esculenta). | sorption isotherms of cassava were determined experimentally using a static gravimetric method at 30, 45 and 60 °c and within the range of 0.10-0.90 water activity. at a constant water activity, equilibrium moisture content decreased with increasing temperature. the equilibrium moisture content increased with increasing water activity at a given temperature. the experimental results were modelled using seven sorption models using non-linear regression technique. results demonstrated that the gab ... | 2014 | 25190827 |
| genetic parameters and prediction of genotypic values for root quality traits in cassava using reml/blup. | the aim of this study was to estimate the genetic parameters and predict the genotypic values of root quality traits in cassava (manihot esculenta crantz) using restricted maximum likelihood (reml) and best linear unbiased prediction (blup). a total of 471 cassava accessions were evaluated over two years of cultivation. the evaluated traits included amylose content (aml), root dry matter (dmc), cyanogenic compounds (cyc), and starch yield (styi). estimates of the individual broad-sense heritabil ... | 2014 | 25177949 |
| development of a cassava core collection based on single nucleotide polymorphism markers. | single nucleotide polymorphism (snp) markers were used in the largest cassava (manihot esculenta crantz) germplasm collection from brazil to develop core collections based on the maximization strategy. subsets with 61, 64, 84, 128, 256, and 384 cassava accessions were selected and named poheu, mst64, poran, mst128, mst256, and mst384, respectively. all the 798 alleles identified by 402 snp markers in the entire collection were captured in all core collections. only small alterations in the diver ... | 2014 | 25158266 |
| optimization of ingredients for noodle preparation using response surface methodology. | in the present investigation, the composite flour combinations using whole wheat flour (x1), tapioca flour (x2) and defatted soy flour (x3) for the noodle preparation were made through central composite rotatable design (ccrd). the analyzed responses were bulk density (bd), proximate composition, water uptake ratio (wur), cooking volume expansion (ve), water absorption capacity (wac), swelling capacity (sc), gruel solid loss (gsl), and sensory characteristics. a second order quadratic polynomial ... | 2014 | 25114340 |
| increased expression of native cytosolic cu/zn superoxide dismutase and ascorbate peroxidase improves tolerance to oxidative and chilling stresses in cassava (manihot esculenta crantz). | cassava (manihot esculenta crantz) is a tropical root crop, and is therefore, extremely sensitive to low temperature; its antioxidative response is pivotal for its survival under stress. timely turnover of reactive oxygen species (ros) in plant cells generated by chilling-induced oxidative damages, and scavenging can be achieved by non-enzymatic and enzymatic reactions in order to maintain ros homeostasis. | 2014 | 25091029 |
| preparation and characterization of bioplastic-based green renewable composites from tapioca with acetyl tributyl citrate as a plasticizer. | granular tapioca was thermally blended with poly(lactic acid) (pla). all blends were prepared using a plasti-corder and characterized for tensile properties, thermal properties and morphology. scanning electron micrographs showed that phase separation occurred, leading to poor tensile properties. therefore, methylenediphenyl diisocyanate (mdi) was used as an interfacial compatibilizer to improve the mechanical properties of pla/tapioca blends. the addition of mdi could improve the tensile streng ... | 2014 | 28788150 |
| local domestication of lactic acid bacteria via cassava beer fermentation. | cassava beer, or chicha, is typically consumed daily by the indigenous shuar people of the ecuadorian amazon. this traditional beverage made from cassava tuber (manihot esculenta) is thought to improve nutritional quality and flavor while extending shelf life in a tropical climate. bacteria responsible for chicha fermentation could be a source of microbes for the human microbiome, but little is known regarding the microbiology of chicha. we investigated bacterial community composition of chicha ... | 2014 | 25071997 |
| endogenous small-noncoding rnas and their roles in chilling response and stress acclimation in cassava. | small noncoding rna (sncrna), including micrornas (mirnas) and endogenous small-interfering rnas (endo-sirnas) are key gene regulators in eukaryotes, playing critical roles in plant development and stress tolerance. trans-acting sirnas (ta-sirnas), which are secondary sirnas triggered by mirnas, and sirnas from natural antisense transcripts (nat-sirnas) are two well-studied classes of endo-sirnas. | 2014 | 25070534 |
| [determination method of linamarin in cassava products and beans by ultra high performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry]. | a rapid and simple method using ultra high performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (uhplc-ms/ms) was developed for the determination of linamarin in cassava products and beans containing cyanogen compounds. linamarin was extracted with acetonitrile-water (3 : 1) cleaned up using an amino solid-phase extraction cartridge, and then determined by uhplc-ms/ms. the recoveries from cassava fortified at the levels of 10 μg/g and 100 μg/g were 96.1% and 95.3%, respectively, and t ... | 2014 | 24990764 |
| impact of genotype and cooking style on the content, retention, and bioacessibility of β-carotene in biofortified cassava (manihot esculenta crantz) conventionally bred in brazil. | biofortification is a strategy for decreasing micronutrient deficiencies in vulnerable populations by increasing nutrient density in staple food crops. roots from five varieties of cassava biofortified with β-carotene (βc), three parental accessions, and one variety of commonly consumed white cassava from brazil were investigated. roots from biofortified varieties contained up to 23-fold higher βc than white cassava, and the additional complement of βc was primarily the all-trans isomer. at leas ... | 2014 | 24970565 |
| inter-retrotransposon-amplified polymorphism markers for germplasm characterization in manihot esculenta (euphorbiaceae). | manioc, manihot esculenta, is economically important in many tropical and subtropical countries. the genetic variability of the species has not been fully explored, and new information may help expand its use. molecular markers based on retrotransposons have good potential for analysis of genetic diversity given their abundance in the genome. eight long terminal repeat retrotransposons were selected for the development of inter-retrotransposon-amplified polymorphism markers. to test these primer ... | 2014 | 24938466 |
| spatial distribution of mercury and arsenic levels in water, soil and cassava plants in a community with long history of gold mining in tanzania. | this study examined the spatial distribution of total mercury (thg) and total arsenic (tas) in water, soil and cassava (manihot esculenta) (leaves and roots) samples taken from areas in rwamagasa village in northwestern tanzania where daily living activities occur in close proximity to extensive artisanal and small scale gold mining. results indicated that 33.3 % of the water sources had thg levels above the who guideline of 1.0 µg/l for safe drinking water, and 12.5 % had tas levels above 10 µg ... | 2014 | 24923470 |
| effect of feeding cassava (manihot esculenta crantz) root meal on growth performance, hydrocyanide intake and haematological parameters of broiler chicks. | the effect of feeding cassava root meal on growth performance, hydrocyanide intake, haematological indices and serum thiocyanate concentration of broiler chicks was investigated using 300-day-old male broilers. there were five dietary treatments arranged in a 2 × 2 + 1 factorial arrangement of two processing methods of cassava root (peeled and unpeeled) included at two levels (100 and 200 g/kg) plus a control diet (maize-based diet, containing no cassava root). each treatment was replicated six ... | 2014 | 24913764 |
| a geographic distribution database of mononychellus mites (acari, tetranychidae) on cassava (manihot esculenta). | the genus mononychellus is represented by 28 herbivorous mites. some of them are notorious pests of cassava (manihot esculenta crantz), a primary food crop in the tropics. with the exception of mononychellus tanajoa (bondar), their geographic distribution is not widely known. this article therefore reports observational and specimen-based occurrence data of mononychellus species associated with cassava. the dataset consists of 1,513 distribution records documented by the international center for ... | 2014 | 24899828 |
| reprogramming of cassava (manihot esculenta) microspores towards sporophytic development. | gametes have the unique potential to enter the sporophytic pathway, called androgenesis. the plants produced are usually haploid and recombinant due to the preceding meiosis and they can double their chromosome number to form doubled haploids, which are completely homozygous. availability of the doubled haploids facilitates mapping the genes of agronomically important traits, shortening the time of the breeding process required to produce new hybrids and homozygous varieties, and saving the time ... | 2014 | 24887001 |
| large-scale proteomics of the cassava storage root and identification of a target gene to reduce postharvest deterioration. | cassava (manihot esculenta) is the most important root crop in the tropics, but rapid postharvest physiological deterioration (ppd) of the root is a major constraint to commercial cassava production. we established a reliable method for image-based ppd symptom quantification and used label-free quantitative proteomics to generate an extensive cassava root and ppd proteome. over 2600 unique proteins were identified in the cassava root, and nearly 300 proteins showed significant abundance regulati ... | 2014 | 24876255 |
| effect of natamycin, nisin and glycerol on the physicochemical properties, roughness and hydrophobicity of tapioca starch edible films. | in this paper, films based on tapioca starch and containing nisin, natamycin and glycerol were characterized in relation to their physicochemical properties, roughness and hydrophobicity. the content of glycerol affected the mechanical properties of the films studied and the roughness and it was observed an increase in wvp with the increase in glycerol content. the addition of antimicrobials affected the mechanical properties, being nisin the one that produced the greater decrease in the young m ... | 2014 | 24857495 |
| cloning, 3d modeling and expression analysis of three vacuolar invertase genes from cassava (manihot esculenta crantz). | vacuolar invertase is one of the key enzymes in sucrose metabolism that irreversibly catalyzes the hydrolysis of sucrose to glucose and fructose in plants. in this research, three vacuolar invertase genes, named mevinv1-3, and with 653, 660 and 639 amino acids, respectively, were cloned from cassava. the motifs of ndpng (β-fructosidase motif), rdp and wecvd, which are conserved and essential for catalytic activity in the vacuolar invertase family, were found in mevinv1 and mevinv2. meanwhile, in ... | 2014 | 24838076 |
| metabolomics combined with chemometric tools (pca, hca, pls-da and svm) for screening cassava (manihot esculenta crantz) roots during postharvest physiological deterioration. | cassava roots are an important source of dietary and industrial carbohydrates and suffer markedly from postharvest physiological deterioration (ppd). this paper deals with metabolomics combined with chemometric tools for screening the chemical and enzymatic composition in several genotypes of cassava roots during ppd. metabolome analyses showed increases in carotenoids, flavonoids, anthocyanins, phenolics, reactive scavenging species, and enzymes (superoxide dismutase family, hydrogen peroxide, ... | 2014 | 24837923 |
| soil-to-root vegetable transfer factors for (226)ra, (232)th, (40)k, and (88)y in malaysia. | soil-to-plant transfer factors (tfs) are of fundamental importance in assessing the environmental impact due to the presence of radioactivity in soil and agricultural crops. tapioca and sweet potato, both root crops, are popular foodstuffs for a significant fraction of the malaysian population, and result in intake of radionuclides. for the natural field conditions experienced in production of these foodstuffs, tfs and the annual effective dose were evaluated for the natural radionuclides (226)r ... | 2014 | 24814722 |
| optical chemosensor for the detection of cyanide in water based on ethyl(hydroxyethyl)cellulose functionalized with brooker's merocyanine. | ethyl(hydroxyethyl)cellulose was functionalized with brooker's merocyanine. the modified polymer was easily transformed in a film, which could be used as a highly selective chromogenic and fluorogenic chemosensor for the detection of cyanide in water, with detection limits of 1.9 × 10(-5) and 1.0 × 10(-7) mol l(-1). the film was successfully applied to the detection of cyanide in cassava (manihot esculenta crantz) roots, which are a well-known source of endogenous biological cyanide. | 2014 | 24805864 |
| large-scale snp discovery through rna sequencing and snp genotyping by targeted enrichment sequencing in cassava (manihot esculenta crantz). | cassava (manihot esculenta crantz) is one of the most important crop species being the main source of dietary energy in several countries. marker-assisted selection has become an essential tool in plant breeding. single nucleotide polymorphism (snp) discovery via transcriptome sequencing is an attractive strategy for genome complexity reduction in organisms with large genomes. we sequenced the transcriptome of 16 cassava accessions using the illumina hiseq platform and identified 675,559 est-der ... | 2014 | 25551642 |
| cassava (manihot esculenta krantz) genome harbors knox genes differentially expressed during storage root development. | in plants, homeodomain proteins play a critical role in regulating various aspects of plant growth and development. knox proteins are members of the homeodomain protein family. the knox transcription factors have been reported from arabidopsis, rice, and other higher plants. the recent publication of the draft genome sequence of cassava (manihot esculenta krantz) has allowed a genome-wide search for m. esculenta knox (meknox) transcription factors and the comparison of these positively identifie ... | 2014 | 25526192 |
| [chemical characterization and quantification of fructooligosaccharides, phenolic compounds and antiradical activity of andean roots and tubers grown in northwest of argentina]. | there is great interest in consuming foods that can provide the nutrients for a good nutrition and other health beneficial compounds. the aim of this work was to determine the chemical composition of native foods of the andean region and to quantify some functional com-ponents. proximal composition, vitamin c, total phenolic compounds, antiradical activity (dpph) in peel and pulp, dietary fiber soluble and insoluble, fructooligosaccharides (fos), total and resistant starch (in tubers and raw roo ... | 2014 | 25799690 |
| high-resolution linkage map and chromosome-scale genome assembly for cassava (manihot esculenta crantz) from 10 populations. | cassava (manihot esculenta crantz) is a major staple crop in africa, asia, and south america, and its starchy roots provide nourishment for 800 million people worldwide. although native to south america, cassava was brought to africa 400-500 years ago and is now widely cultivated across sub-saharan africa, but it is subject to biotic and abiotic stresses. to assist in the rapid identification of markers for pathogen resistance and crop traits, and to accelerate breeding programs, we generated a ... | 2014 | 25504737 |
| evaluation of coprocessed disintegrants produced from tapioca starch and mannitol in orally disintegrating paracetamol tablet. | the study evaluated two novel coprocessed excipients (with two methods) as disintegrants in an orally disintegrating paracetamol tablet formulation. the tablets produced were assessed for mechanical properties with the use of friability and tensile strength while the release properties were assessed with wetting time, water absorption ratio, disintegration time and dissolution profile. the results obtained showed that the methods of coprocessing and disintegrant incorporation influenced the acti ... | 2014 | 25362809 |
| phytic acid in green leaves. | phytic acid or phytate, the free-acid form of myo-inositolhexakiphosphate, is abundant in many seeds and fruits, where it represents the major storage form of phosphorus. although also known from other plant tissues, available reports on the occurrence of phytic acid, e.g. in leaves, have never been compiled, nor have they been critically reviewed. we found 45 published studies with information on phytic acid content in leaves. phytic acid was almost always detected when studies specifically tri ... | 2014 | 24341824 |
| quantitative trait loci and candidate genes associated with starch pasting viscosity characteristics in cassava (manihot esculenta crantz). | starch pasting viscosity is an important quality trait in cassava (manihot esculenta crantz) cultivars. the aim here was to identify loci and candidate genes associated with the starch pasting viscosity. quantitative trait loci (qtl) mapping for seven pasting viscosity parameters was carried out using 100 lines of an f1 mapping population from a cross between two cassava cultivars huay bong 60 and hanatee. starch samples were obtained from roots of cassava grown in 2008 and 2009 at rayong, and i ... | 2014 | 23614826 |
| effect of cross-linking on physicochemical properties of tapioca starch and its application in soup product. | physicochemical properties of cross-linked tapioca starch (clts) with different cross-linking levels and their application as a thickening agent in soups were studied. the clts was prepared by cross-linking native tapioca starch suspended in alkaline solution (41.67% (w/w), ph 11) using a mixture (99:1 (w/w) ratio) of sodium trimetaphosphate (stmp) and sodium tripolyphosphate (stpp) at different concentrations ranged from 0.25% to 6.0% (w/w of starch) at 45°c for 3h. starch paste clarity decreas ... | 2014 | 24299823 |
| degradation behavior of biocomposites based on cassava starch buried under indoor soil conditions. | degradation of cassava (tapioca) starch based composite films during indoor soil burial experiments was analyzed using five factors, three levels box-behnken response surface design. from the results, it was observed that, increased water sorption promotes the entry of soil microorganism and it utilizes the starch films as a source of energy for their growth. the reduction in weight and mechanical property was associated with preferential loss of matrix components of the films. the microorganism ... | 2014 | 24299744 |
| physicochemical properties of granular and non-granular cationic starches prepared under ultra high pressure. | granular and non-granular cationic starches were prepared through the reaction of tapioca and corn starches with 2,3-epoxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride (etmac) using conventional and ultra high pressure (uhp)-assisted reactions. the cationic starches were characterized with respect to morphology, degree of substitution (ds), ft-ir, (13)c nmr, x-ray diffraction pattern, solubility and swelling power, pasting viscosity, and flocculating activity. non-granular (relative to granular) cationic s ... | 2014 | 24274522 |
| comparison of ambient solvent extraction methods for the analysis of fatty acids in non-starch lipids of flour and starch. | lipids are minor components of flours, but are major determinants of baking properties and end-product quality. to the best of our knowledge, there is no single solvent system currently known that efficiently extracts all non-starch lipids from all flours without the risk of chemical, mechanical or thermal damage. this paper compares nine ambient solvent systems (monophasic and biphasic) with varying polarities: bligh and dyer (bd); modified bligh and dyer using hcl (bdhcl); modified bd using na ... | 2014 | 24132804 |
| flow, packing and compaction properties of novel coprocessed multifunctional directly compressible excipients prepared from tapioca starch and mannitol. | novel multifunctional excipients were prepared by coprocessing tapioca starch with mannitol using two methods viz; co-grinding and co-fusion. the flow, packing and compaction properties of the native and novel excipients were evaluated by using density, hausner's ratio, angle of repose, the maximum volume reduction, consolidation index, the rate of consolidation, angle of internal friction, morphological properties, heckel analysis, tensile strength and dilution potential as evaluation parameter ... | 2014 | 24089696 |
| a milestone in the doubled haploid pathway of cassava: a milestone in the doubled haploid pathway of cassava (manihot esculenta crantz): cellular and molecular assessment of anther-derived structures. | this study was aimed at inducing androgenesis in cultured anthers of cassava (manihot esculenta crantz) to develop a protocol for the production of doubled haploids. microspore reprogramming was induced in cassava by cold or heat stress of anthers. since the anthers contain both haploid microspores and diploid somatic cells, it was essential to verify the origin of anther-derived calli. the origin of anther-derived calli was assessed by morphological screening followed by histological analysis a ... | 2014 | 24026343 |
| utilization of unpeeled cassava (manihot esculenta crantz) root meal supplemented with or without charcoal by broiler chickens. | a 42-day feeding trial was conducted using 480-day-old, male marshall broilers to study the utilization of unpeeled cassava root meal (ucrm) supplemented with or without 6 g/kg charcoal. the experimental design was laid out in a 3 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments having three inclusion levels of ucrm (0, 100 and 200 g/kg) with or without 6 g/kg charcoal supplementation. each treatment consisted of 80 birds replicated eight times with 10 birds per replicate. main effect of inclusion level ... | 2014 | 23721067 |
| [government policies and actions in burundi in the area of rural development]. | this article discusses policies and actions designed by the government of burundi to assure food self-sufficiency and to improve living conditions in rural areas. burundi has had a long history of food self-sufficiency due to good soils, adequate rainfall, and hard work by the rural population. in the past 3 decades, however, the food supply has been threatened by various factors including soil erosion and rapid population increase. the government has undertaken a reforestation program which cov ... | 2014 | 12268240 |
| fluorescein angiography of iris juvenile xanthogranuloma. | a 3-year-old boy was referred because of the presence of a non-pigmented, highly vascular mass with tapioca appearance involving the superior portion of the left iris. iris fluorescein angiography revealed early hyperfluorescence of the iris tumor with diffuse, intense late leakage of dye throughout the entire iris, not just in the region of the tumor. cytopathologic examination revealed touton giant cells and the presence of histiocytes, confirming the diagnosis of iris juvenile xanthogranuloma ... | 2014 | 18404959 |
| a comparative study of modified starches in direct compression of a water soluble drug-chloroquine phosphate. | some in vitro properties of chloroquine phosphate tablets formulated with four modified starches were investigated. the drug was formulated as tablets containing 250 mg of chloroquine phosphate and produced by the direct compression technique. the starches were isolated from maize, zea mays, rice, oryza sativa, cassava, manihot esculenta and cocoyam, zanthosoma sagittifolium. they were modified through physicochemical process, sta-rx 1500, a directly compressible starch was used as basis for com ... | 2013 | 11213430 |
| cassava interspecific hybrids with increased protein content and improved amino acid profiles. | cassava (manihot esculenta) is a principal food for large populations of poor people in the tropics and subtropics. its edible roots are poor in protein and lack several essential amino acids. interspecific hybrids may acquire high protein characteristics from wild species. we analyzed 19 hybrids of m. esculenta with its wild relative, m. oligantha, for crude protein, amino acid profile, and total cyanide. some hybrids produced roots with high protein content of up to 5.7%, while the common cult ... | 2013 | 23661446 |
| moisture-pressure combination treatments for cyanide reduction in grated cassava. | several cyanide-associated health disorders have been linked with frequent consumption of mildly toxic cassava (manihot esculenta crantz) products in individuals on a low-protein diet. production of bread from cassava often involves application of prolonged physical pressure (pressing) to the freshly grated root for several hours. this study aimed to determine effects of pressure and wetting on grated cassava. six treatments were applied: confining pressure for 12 h, wetting for 4 h at 25 °c, 2 ... | 2013 | 21535726 |
| cassava root diet induces low pyruvate levels. | the high cyanogenic-glucoside carbohydrate of the cassava root (manihot esculenta) has special properties that make it an ideal therapeutic food for lowering nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide reduced form (nadh) and inducing sirtuin (sirt) gene overexpression when eaten in an exclusive mono-food diet regime. the author, using himself as the sole test subject, repeatedly induced low pyruvate levels (reflective of nadh levels) after being on the diet for 1-2 weeks at a time. the possible influence ... | 2013 | 20462383 |
| influence of starch steeping period on dimensionless disintegration values of a paracetamol tablet formulation. | in this study, tapioca starches obtained after different steeping periods, i.e. ts 24, ts 48 and ts 72, were used as disintegrants with corn starch bp as the standard disintegrant in a paracetamol tablet formulation. two dimensionless disintegration quantities, t(n) and t(c) were used in the determination of the influence that steeping period of starch disintegrant would have on the crushing strength friability-disintegration time ratio (csfr/dt). these quantities were used to assess the influen ... | 2013 | 19645332 |
| [thyroid diseases in sub-saharan africa]. | thyroid gland diseases vary according to the environment. in sub-saharan africa, they are also influenced by population isolation and the absence of food self-sufficiency, both factors affecting the onset and persistence of iodine-deficiency goiters. more cosmopolitan diseases are now added to these thyroid disorders. women are mainly affected (94.2%), most often with euthyroid goiters (54.7%), followed by graves disease (13.1%), hypothyroidism (8.8%), thyroiditis (6.6%), toxic multinodular goit ... | 2013 | 17897900 |
| the evolutionary fate of phenotypic plasticity and functional traits under domestication in manioc: changes in stem biomechanics and the appearance of stem brittleness. | domestication can influence many functional traits in plants, from overall life-history and growth form to wood density and cell wall ultrastructure. such changes can increase fitness of the domesticate in agricultural environments but may negatively affect survival in the wild. we studied effects of domestication on stem biomechanics in manioc by comparing domesticated and ancestral wild taxa from two different regions of greater amazonia. we compared mechanical properties, tissue organisation ... | 2013 | 24023960 |
| impact on molecular organization of amylopectin in starch granules upon annealing. | this study investigated the influence of the internal structure of amylopectin on annealing (3h, 24h) of starches from four different types of amylopectin (bertoft, koch, & aman, 2012; bertoft, piyachomkwan, chatakanonda, & sriroth, 2008). regardless of the starch source and incubation time, annealing significantly increased the onset gelatinization temperature (to) and narrowed and deepened the amylopectin endotherm. however, the extent of the change in the melting temperature (tm) and the enth ... | 2013 | 23987446 |
| food safety: importance of composition for assessing genetically modified cassava (manihot esculenta crantz). | the importance of food composition in safety assessments of genetically modified (gm) food is described for cassava ( manihot esculenta crantz) that naturally contains significantly high levels of cyanogenic glycoside (cg) toxicants in roots and leaves. the assessment of the safety of gm cassava would logically require comparison with a non-gm crop with a proven "history of safe use". this study investigates this statement for cassava. a non-gm comparator that qualifies would be a processed prod ... | 2013 | 23899040 |
| molecular evolution and functional divergence of soluble starch synthase genes in cassava (manihot esculenta crantz). | soluble starch synthases (sss) are major enzymes involved in starch biosynthesis in plants. cassava starch has many remarkable characteristics, which should be influenced by the evolution of ss genes in this starchy root crop. in this work, we performed a comprehensive phylogenetic and evolutionary analysis of the soluble starch synthases in cassava. genome-wide identification showed that there are 9 genes encoding soluble starch synthases in cassava. all of the soluble starch synthases encoded ... | 2013 | 23888108 |
| most consumed foods in brazil: national dietary survey 2008-2009. | to describe the most commonly consumed foods in brazil. | 2013 | 23703263 |