Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| effect of organic amendment and plant roots on the solubility and mobilization of lead in soils at a shooting range. | lead (pb) dissolving gradually from spent pellets constitutes a serious environmental risk in and near shooting ranges, and remediation measures are necessary to prevent its movement to deeper soil layers and ground water. in this study, the effectiveness of organic amendment and plant roots in stabilizing pb was assessed in a microcosm experiment. planted (scots pine, pinus sylvestris l.) and unplanted microcosms consisting of coarse-textured mineral soil covered with pb-contaminated humic tops ... | 2006 | 16738387 |
| relation between individual tree mortality and tree characteristics in a polluted and non-polluted environment. | data on individual tree mortality in relatively healthy (berezinskiy biosphere reserve) and damaged (surroundings of the mineral fertilizer plant 'achema') even-aged scots pine (pinus sylvestris l.) stands are presented. tree size and competition intensity were found to be the most significant predictors of individual tree mortality in all age groups of the relatively healthy scots pine stands, however, an essential reduction in the closeness of relations between the tree mortality rate and thes ... | 2006 | 16738768 |
| screening analyses of pinosylvin stilbenes, resin acids and lignans in norwegian conifers. | the content and distribution of stilbenes and resin acids in scots pine (pinus sylvestris) and spruce (picea abies), sampled in central norway, have been examined. the contents of pinosylvin stilbenes in pine heartwood/living knots were 0.2-2/2-8 %(w/w). no stilbenes could be detected in spruce (picea abies). the resin acid contents of pine sapwood/heartwood and knots were 1-4 and 5-10 % (w/w), respectively. minor amounts of resin acids (<0.2/<0.04 %w/w) were identified in spruce wood/knots. the ... | 2006 | 17962750 |
| habitat factors associated with bank voles (clethrionomys glareolus) and concomitant hantavirus in northern sweden. | puumala virus (puuv), genus hantavirus, causes nephropathia epidemica, a mild form of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in humans. in this study, bank voles, the natural reservoir of puuv, were captured at locations of previous human puuv exposure and paired controls within a region of high incidence in northern sweden. the aim of the study was to evaluate the influence of environmental factors on the abundance of bank voles and the occurrence of puuv. the total number of voles and the numbe ... | 2005 | 16417427 |
| the chemistry of soils, rocks and plant bioindicators in three ecosystems of the holy cross mountains, poland. | in june of 2000, biogeochemical study was carried out in three ecosystems of the holy cross mountains (south-central poland). this paper presents element concentrations and stable sulfur (and in one site lead) isotope ratios in rocks, detailed soil profiles, and plant bioindicators including epiphytic lichen hypogymnia physodes (l.) nyl., mosses (pleurozium schreberi (brid.) mitt., hypnum cupressiforme hedw. s. str., hylocomium splendens (hedw.) b.s.g.), scots pine (pinus sylvestris l.), common ... | 2005 | 16308778 |
| degradability of dissolved soil organic carbon and nitrogen in relation to tree species. | the degradability and chemical characteristics of water-extractable dissolved organic carbon (doc) and nitrogen (don) from the humus layer of silver birch (betula pendula roth), norway spruce (picea abies (l.) karst.) and scots pine (pinus sylvestris l.) stands were compared in short-term incubation of soil solutions. for all extracts the degradation of doc and don was low (12-17% loss) and increased in the order: birch, spruce and pine. in the humus layer under pine a relatively larger pool of ... | 2005 | 16329927 |
| presence of nitrosospira cluster 2 bacteria corresponds to n transformation rates in nine acid scots pine forest soils. | the relation between environmental factors and the presence of ammonia-oxidising bacteria (aob), and its consequences for the n transformation rates were investigated in nine scots pine (pinus sylvestris l.) forest soils. in general, the diversity in aob appears to be strikingly low compared to other ecosystems. nitrosospira cluster 2, as determined by temporal temperature gradient electrophoresis and sequencing, was the only sequence cluster detected in the five soils with high nitrification ra ... | 2005 | 16329965 |
| copper-adapted suillus luteus, a symbiotic solution for pines colonizing cu mine spoils. | natural populations thriving in heavy-metal-contaminated ecosystems are often subjected to selective pressures for increased resistance to toxic metals. in the present study we describe a population of the ectomycorrhizal fungus suillus luteus that colonized a toxic cu mine spoil in norway. we hypothesized that this population had developed adaptive cu tolerance and was able to protect pine trees against cu toxicity. we also tested for the existence of cotolerance to cu and zn in s. luteus. isol ... | 2005 | 16269769 |
| expression of transgenic stilbene synthases in wheat causes the accumulation of unknown stilbene derivatives with antifungal activity. | the expression of foreign phytoalexins in a new host is thought to increase fungal resistance, since host-specific pathogens have not experienced selection for detoxifying or metabolising the novel antifungal compounds. two resveratrol synthase genes vst1 and vst2 from grapevine (vitis vinifera l.) and the pinosylvin synthase gene pss from pine (pinus sylvestris l.) were stably transformed into bread wheat. the expression of the target genes is regulated by stress-inducible grapevine promoters. ... | 2005 | 16173460 |
| fungal communities in mycorrhizal roots of conifer seedlings in forest nurseries under different cultivation systems, assessed by morphotyping, direct sequencing and mycelial isolation. | fungi colonising root tips of pinus sylvestris and picea abies grown under four different seedling cultivation systems were assessed by morphotyping, direct sequencing and isolation methods. roots were morphotyped using two approaches: (1) 10% of the whole root system from 30 seedlings of each species and (2) 20 randomly selected tips per plant from 300 seedlings of each species. the first approach yielded 15 morphotypes, the second yielded 27, including 18 new morphotypes. the overall community ... | 2005 | 16177926 |
| 13c-isotopic fingerprint of pinus pinaster ait. and pinus sylvestris l. wood related to the quality of standing tree mass in forests from nw spain. | pine forest plantations of pinus pinaster ait. and p. sylvestris l. located in galicia, nw spain, were selected to study the 13c/12c-isotopic fingerprint in wood core samples in order to find possible relationships between the delta(13)c at natural abundance levels and the quality of the standing tree mass. for each pine species, 24 forests growing on acidic soils were studied: half developed over granite and half over schists. two dominant trees from each plot, corresponding to all possible com ... | 2005 | 16208761 |
| variation in needle longevity is related to needle-fascicle production rate in pinus sylvestris. | latitudinal variation in needle longevity of conifers in response to climatic variability is a well-known phenomenon, but its significance has only rarely been studied. scots pine (pinus sylvestris l.) stands were investigated in four locations in lapland (northern finland and northern sweden, 67-68 degrees n) and in four locations in estonia (59 degrees n) to test the hypothesis that plasticity in needle longevity results in similar needle biomass per foliated shoot length across latitudes. the ... | 2005 | 16076775 |
| [variability of the cytological parameters of pinus sylvestris l. seeds from the unique hrenovskoy pine forest]. | hrenovskoy pine forest is a unique island stand at the boundary of the species range of scots pine pinus sylvestris l. this object is of exceptional economic value, because it serves as a forest-seed base for the voronezh oblast and some other regions of russia; therefore, the stand and seed qualities have to be monitored constantly. the results of the first cytogenetic study of the seed progeny of p. sylvestris from the morozov grove, a high-quality stand in a reserved site within the hrenovsko ... | 2005 | 16080602 |
| [effects of polyethylene glycol (peg)-simulated drought stress on pinus sylvestris var. mongolica seed germination on sandy land]. | with introduced sandy land mongolian pine (pinus sylvestris var. mongolica) seeds as test material, this paper studied the effects of polyethylene glycol (peg)-simulated drought stress on their germination. the results showed that peg could retard the germination of stressed seeds, and the germination rate, germination index, and germination potential were all decreased with increasing peg concentration. the seeds treated with 30% peg (about -1.20 mpa water potential) could not germinate at all ... | 2005 | 16110648 |
| analysis of biomass accumulation and stem size distributions over long periods in managed stands of pinus sylvestris in finland using the 3-pg model. | we tested the performance of a process-based model (pbm) in relation to long-term mensuration data from two sites in finland where the stands were up to 90 years old and had been thinned at approximately 5-year intervals over the last 50 years. the pbm used was based on the 3-pg (physiological principles to predict growth) model developed by landsberg and waring (1997), with modifications in the biomass allocation routine, for which we used data and calculations by vanninen (2003) to estimate th ... | 2005 | 15870048 |
| estimating foliage biomass in scots pine (pinus sylvestris) and norway spruce (picea abies) plots. | dynamic decomposition models are needed to estimate changes in the carbon stock of boreal soil because these changes are difficult to measure directly. an important aboveground carbon flux to the soil is foliage litterfall. to estimate this flux, both the amount and the turnover rate of the foliage biomass component must be known. several methods for estimating foliage biomass of scots pine (pinus sylvestris l.) and norway spruce (picea abies (l.) karst.), including biomass equations and biomass ... | 2005 | 15870050 |
| the upward shift in altitude of pine mistletoe (viscum album ssp. austriacum) in switzerland--the result of climate warming? | pine mistletoe (viscum album ssp. austriacum) is common in natural scots pine (pinus sylvestris l.) forests in the alpine rhone valley, switzerland. this semi-parasite, which is regarded as an indicator species for temperature, increases the drought stress on trees and may contribute to the observed pine decline in the region. we recorded mistletoes on representative plots of the swiss national forest inventory ranging from 450 to 1,550 m a.s.l. we found mistletoe on 37% of the trees and on 56% ... | 2005 | 15875222 |
| insect egg deposition induces defence responses in pinus sylvestris: characterisation of the elicitor. | egg deposition by the phytophagous sawfly diprion pini l. (hymenoptera, diprionidae) is known to induce locally and systemically the emission of volatiles in scots pine (pinus sylvestris l.) that attract the egg parasitoid chrysonotomyia ruforum krausse (hymenoptera, eulophidae). the egg parasitoids kill the eggs and thus prevent damage to the plant from feeding sawfly larvae. the elicitor inducing the pine's response is known to be located in the oviduct secretion which the female sawfly applie ... | 2005 | 15879065 |
| antioxidative activity of volatile extracts isolated from angelica tenuissimae roots, peppermint leaves, pine needles, and sweet flag leaves. | volatile extracts were isolated from dried medicinal plants [angelica tenuissimae roots (at, angelica tenuissima nakai), peppermint leaves (pl, mentha arvensis l.), pine needles (pn, pinus sylvestris l.), and sweet flag leaves (sf, acorus gramineus rhizoma)] using steam distillation under reduced pressure, followed by continuous liquid-liquid extraction (drp-lle). the extracts were then analyzed by gas chromatography (gc) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (gc-ms). the major volatile const ... | 2005 | 15884849 |
| removal of lead (ii) ions from synthetic and real effluents using immobilized pinus sylvestris sawdust: adsorption on a fixed-bed column. | the purpose of this work was to evaluate the potential of pinus sylvestris sawdust, in a continuous flow removal of lead (ii) ions from synthetic and industrial aqueous effluents. the kinetic parameters obtained in a batch process were used to scale-up the process on a mini-column and to choose the breakthrough model. the column experimental data concerning the volumes treated were correlated using the bed depth service time model. these experimental data closely fitted the bed depth service tim ... | 2005 | 15894423 |
| effects of timing of soil frost thawing on scots pine. | effects of the timing of soil thawing in the spring on scots pine (pinus sylvestris l.) were studied under controlled laboratory conditions. sixteen 6-year-old saplings were lifted from the field, replanted in containers and placed in four treatments in controlled environment (ce) chambers with four replicate saplings per chamber. the saplings were held in the ce chambers during one simulated winter and one simulated growing season. the soil was frozen to -2 degrees c during a second simulated w ... | 2005 | 15929936 |
| comparing bayesian estimates of genetic differentiation of molecular markers and quantitative traits: an application to pinus sylvestris. | comparison of the level of differentiation at neutral molecular markers (estimated as f(st) or g(st)) with the level of differentiation at quantitative traits (estimated as q(st)) has become a standard tool for inferring that there is differential selection between populations. we estimated q(st) of timing of bud set from a latitudinal cline of pinus sylvestris with a bayesian hierarchical variance component method utilizing the information on the pre-estimated population structure from neutral ... | 2005 | 15940273 |
| measuring the genetic structure of the pollen pool as the probability of paternal identity. | contemporary pollen flow in forest plant species is measured by the probability of paternal identity (ppi) for two randomly sampled offspring, drawn from a single female, and contrasting that with ppi for two random offspring, drawn from different females. two different estimation strategies have emerged: (a) an indirect approach, using the 'genetic structure' of the pollen received by different mothers and (b) a direct approach, based on parentage analysis. the indirect strategy is somewhat lim ... | 2005 | 15940275 |
| indications of limited altered gene expression in pinus sylvestris trees from the chernobyl region. | to evaluate the consequences of irradiation on the vegetation of the chernobyl region, gene expression was compared in morphologically normal and dwarf needles from the same pinus sylvestris trees in a region where the absorbed dose was 3-5 gy. to compare the levels of gene expression, arrays consisting of 373 pinus taeda cdnas were hybridized with labeled cdna derived from normal and dwarf needles of p. sylvestris. twelve genes were significantly (p<0.01) up- or down-regulated between normal an ... | 2005 | 15961195 |
| regeneration patterns in boreal scots pine glades linked to cold-induced photoinhibition. | regeneration patterns of pinus sylvestris l. juveniles in central siberian glades were studied in relation to cold-induced photoinhibition. spatial distribution of seedlings in different height classes revealed higher seedling densities beneath the canopy than beyond the canopy, and significantly higher densities of seedlings < 50 cm tall on the north side of the trees. these patterns coincided with differences in light conditions. compared with plants on the north side of canopy trees (north-ex ... | 2005 | 15996957 |
| meteorological factors and air pollution in lithuanian forests: possible effects on tree condition. | this study investigates changes in tree condition and environmental factors in lithuania during the active growing season in 1991-2001. the average crown defoliation and the proportion of healthy trees of pinus sylvestris, picea abies, betula sp., fraxinus excelsior, alnus incana, alnus glutinosa, populus tremula, and quercus robur, meteorological (average temperature, amount of precipitation, hydrothermal coefficient) and air pollution data (acidity of precipitation, concentrations of so2, no2 ... | 2005 | 16005769 |
| changes in the concentrations of phenolics and photosynthates in scots pine (pinus sylvestris l.) seedlings exposed to nickel and copper. | studies were done on the effects of elevated soil concentrations of copper (cu) and (ni) on foliar carbohydrates and phenolics in scots pine (pinus sylvestris l.). four year-old seedlings were planted in pots filled with metal-treated mineral forest soil in early june. the experimental design included all combinations of four levels of cu (0, 25, 40 and 50 mg kg(-1) soil dw) and ni (0, 5, 15 and 25 mg kg(-1) soil dw). current year needles were sampled for soluble sugar, starch and phenolics at t ... | 2005 | 16005771 |
| long-term evaluation of the needle surface wax condition of pinus sylvestris around different industries in lithuania. | the aim of our study was to evaluate the annual dynamics of needle surface wax erosion and wettability in scots pines exposed to a gradient of industrial pollutants emitted from the main factories of lithuania: a nitrogen fertilizer factory, an oil refinery and a cement factory. decreased emissions (in the case of the oil refinery and the cement factory) were reflected in the increased structural surface area (ssa, i.e. area covered by tubular waxes) on the needles. the nearly constant amount of ... | 2005 | 16005772 |
| phenology, natural enemies, and efficacy of horticultural oil for control of chionaspis heterophyllae (homoptera: diaspididae) on christmas tree plantations. | pine needle scale, chionaspis pinifoliae (fitch), and chionaspis heterophyllae cooley are important pests of scots pine, pinus sylvestris l., and other conifers in much of north america. on christmas tree plantations, these insects are typically controlled by spraying broad-spectrum insecticides when the vulnerable immature stages are present. however, effective control of bivoltine populations can be difficult to achieve due to asynchronous hatch and development of the second generation. our ob ... | 2005 | 16334330 |
| [characteristics of gene expression in morphologically abnormal needles of scots pine]. | expression of 373 genes in scots pine morphologically abnormal needles has been analyzed with microarray analysis. it was found microarray technique allows detecting the minor changes in gene expression. the results obtained showed that changes in expression of 42 genes occur during the process of abnormal morphogenesis in the pinus sylvestris needles. the increasing of expression level of genes encoding ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme and l-ascorbate peroxidase was revealed for all samples analyze ... | 2005 | 16335273 |
| ectomycorrhizal fungal biomass in roots and uptake of p from apatite by pinus sylvestris seedlings growing in forest soil with and without wood ash amendment. | forest soil from an experimental norway spruce forest with four levels of wood ash addition (0, 1, 3 and 6 tonnes ha(-1)) was used to inoculate pine (pinus sylvestris) seedlings with indigenous ectomycorrhizal (em) fungi. uptake of 32p and 86rb in a root bioassay was used to estimate the demand for p and k by seedlings grown in the different soils. utilisation of p from apatite was tested in a laboratory system where uptake by the ectomycorrhizal mycelium was separated from uptake by roots. the ... | 2005 | 15221578 |
| patterns of pollen dispersal in a small population of pinus sylvestris l. revealed by total-exclusion paternity analysis. | patterns of pollen dispersal were investigated in a small, isolated, relict population of pinus sylvestris l., consisting of 36 trees. a total-exclusion battery comprising four chloroplast and two nuclear microsatellites (theoretical paternity exclusion probability ep=0.996) was used to assign paternity to 813 seeds, collected from 34 trees in the stand. long-distance pollen immigration accounted for 4.3% of observed matings. self-fertilization rate was very high (0.25), compared with typical va ... | 2005 | 15292910 |
| the use of the barbell cluster anova design for the assessment of environmental pollution: a case study, wigierski national park, ne poland. | this report presents an assessment of chemical variability in natural ecosystems of wigierski national park (ne poland) derived from the calculation of geochemical baselines using a barbell cluster anova design. this method enabled us to obtain statistically valid information with a minimum number of samples collected. results of summary statistics are presented for elemental concentrations in the soil horizons-o (ol + ofh), -a and -b, 1- and 2-year old pinus sylvestris l. (scots pine) needles, ... | 2005 | 15519452 |
| carbon budget for scots pine trees: effects of size, competition and site fertility on growth allocation and production. | time series of carbon fluxes in individual scots pine (pinus sylvestris l.) trees were constructed based on biomass measurements and information about component-specific turnover and respiration rates. foliage, branch, stem sapwood, heartwood and bark components of aboveground biomass were measured in 117 trees sampled from 17 stands varying in age, density and site fertility. a subsample of 32 trees was measured for belowground biomass excluding fine roots. biomass of fine roots was estimated f ... | 2005 | 15519982 |
| respiratory responses of scots pine stems to 5 years of exposure to elevated co2 concentration and temperature. | stem respiration in 20-year-old scots pine (pinus sylvestris l.) trees was examined following 5 years of exposure to ambient conditions (con), elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration ([co2]) (ambient + 350 micromol mol(-1), (ec)), elevated temperature (ambient + 2-6 degrees c, (et)) or a combination of elevated [co2] and elevated temperature (ect). stem respiration varied seasonally regardless of the treatment and displayed a similar trend to temperature, with maximum rates occurring a ... | 2005 | 15519985 |
| scots pine responses to elevated temperature and carbon dioxide concentration: growth and wood properties. | growth and wood properties of 20-year-old scots pine (pinus sylvestris l.) trees were studied for 6 years in 16 closed chambers providing a factorial combination of two temperature regimes (ambient and elevated) and two carbon dioxide concentrations ([co2]) (ambient and twice ambient). the elevation of temperature corresponded to the predicted effect at the site of a doubling in atmospheric [co2]. annual height and radial growth and wood properties were analyzed during 1997-2002. physical wood p ... | 2005 | 15519988 |
| light sources with different spectra affect root and mycorrhiza formation in scots pine in vitro. | we studied the effects of broad-spectrum light quality on the interaction between the ectomycorrhizal fungus pisolithus tinctorius (pers.) coker and couch and scots pine (pinus sylvestris l.) seedlings and hypocotyl cuttings cultured in vitro. the light sources were cool white (cw), warm white (ww) and red-rich daylight (rd) fluorescent lamps. inoculation with p. tinctorius enhanced adventitious root formation of the cuttings in all light treatments. rooting of the inoculated cuttings was highes ... | 2005 | 15519994 |
| annual and seasonal variation of sap flow and conductance of pine trees grown in elevated carbon dioxide and temperature. | measurements of sap flow, crown structure, and microclimate were used to estimate the transpiration of individual 30-year-old pinus sylvestris l. trees grown in elevated temperature and co2. the trees were enclosed in closed-top chambers and exposed either to current ambient conditions (con), or elevated co2 (+350 micromol mol(-1); ec), or elevated temperature (+2 to +6 degrees c; et) or a combination of ec and et (ect) since 1996, and the measurements were made from 1999 to 2001. ec significant ... | 2005 | 15533884 |
| modeling tree water deficit from microclimate: an approach to quantifying drought stress. | tree water deficit estimated by measuring water-related changes in stem radius (deltaw) was compared with tree water deficit estimated from the output of a simple, physiologically reasonable model (deltawe), with soil water potential (psisoil) and atmospheric vapor pressure deficit (vpd) as inputs. values of deltaw were determined by monitoring stem radius changes with dendrometers and detrending the results for growth. we followed changes in deltaw and deltawe in pinus sylvestris l. and quercus ... | 2005 | 15574396 |
| microfibril angle in wood of scots pine trees (pinus sylvestris) after irradiation from the chernobyl nuclear reactor accident. | the secondary cell wall structure of tracheids of scots pine (pinus sylvestris l.), especially the angle of microfibrils in the s(2) layer, was examined in wood deposited prior to and after the chernobyl accident in 1986. microscopic analysis was carried out on wood samples collected in october 1997 from breast height of three pine trees 16, 30 and 42 years old. the polluted site was located in a distance of 5 km south from the chernobyl nuclear power plant where radioactive contamination in 199 ... | 2005 | 15589646 |
| seasonal variations in location and population structure of endophytes in buds of scots pine. | we studied the location and distribution of a bacterial isolate, a mycobacterium sp., in buds of scots pine (pinus sylvestris l.). using a probe specific for the 16s rrna of the mycobacterium sp., the bacterium was found by in situ hybridization in the meristematic tissues of 40% of all bud samples examined. because we had previously found other bacterial and fungal endophytes in the meristematic tissues of scots pine buds, we studied their occurrence in buds during shoot development and dormanc ... | 2005 | 15631977 |
| carbon budget of pinus sylvestris saplings after four years of exposure to elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration. | to study the responses of scots pine (pinus sylvestris l.), a commercially important tree species in europe, to future increases in atmospheric co2 concentration ([co2]), we grew saplings for 4 years in the ground in open-top chambers in ambient or ambient + 400 micromol mol(-1) co2, without supplemental addition of nutrients and water. carbon (c) budgets were developed for trees in both co2 treatments based on productivity and biomass data obtained from destructive harvests at the end of the th ... | 2005 | 15631981 |
| a new dihydroflavonol from pinus sylvestris l. | a novel dihydroflavonol, c-6,o-7-dimethylaromadendrin, was isolated from a 70% aqueous acetone extract of pine (pinus sylvestris l.) bark. its structure was determined by high-resolution negative fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry and nmr spectroscopy. the complete assignment of proton and carbon signals was achieved by 2d nmr experiments: hsqc, hmbc, dqf-cosy and noesy. | 2005 | 15674796 |
| [electrical impedance spectroscopy method for measuring cold hardiness of plants]. | electrical impedance spectroscopy (eis) is a method for measuring cold hardiness of plants. it has been widely used in the fields of agriculture, forestry and horticulture. in this paper the following aspects were introduced and discussed: (1) physical and physiological factors of impedance measurements in plants, (2) suitable models for measuring eis, and (3) method for assessing cold hardiness by means of eis. in traditional eis analysis, after completion of the artificially controlled freezin ... | 2005 | 15692174 |
| pine microsatellite markers allow roots and ectomycorrhizas to be linked to individual trees. | linking roots and ectomycorrhizas (ecm) to individual host trees in the field is required to test whether individual trees support different ectomycorrhizal communities. here we describe a method that identifies the source of ecm roots by pcr of polymorphic pine nuclear microsatellite loci using fluorescently labelled primers and high-throughput fragment analysis. its-pcr can also be performed on the same ecm dna extract for fungal identification. the method was tested on five neighbouring scots ... | 2005 | 15720641 |
| trace elements in fruiting bodies of ectomycorrhizal fungi growing in scots pine (pinus sylvestris l.) stands in poland. | the trace metal contents in fruiting bodies of ectomycorrhizal (ecm) fungi, symbiotic partners of scots pine, were studied on three sites situated in west-central poland. elements were determined by atomic absorption spectrometry in 123 samples of 16 species. the study explored the differences in metal accumulation in relation to site, fungal species, age and part of the fruiting body and results were related to metal content in soil and plant material (roots and needles). soil analysis revealed ... | 2005 | 15740762 |
| soil respiration in a mixed temperate forest and its contribution to total ecosystem respiration. | soil respiration (sr) was measured with an infrared gas analyzer in nine plots representative of the heterogeneous vegetation in a mixed coniferous-deciduous forest in the belgian campine region. selected plots included the two most representative overstory species (pinus sylvestris l. and quercus robur l.) in combination with the most representative understory species of the forest. a model that includes temperature and water as the main controlling variables was fitted to the data. we found la ... | 2005 | 15741145 |
| reciprocal controlled crosses between pinus sylvestris and p. mugo verified by a species-specific cpdna marker. | a species-specific marker of cpdna (paternally inherited in pines) was used to verify the hybrid origin of seedlings from controlled reciprocal crosses between pinus sylvestris and p. mugo. a very low degree of compatibility between those two species has been revealed. in the three consecutive years of experiments, no filled seeds were obtained in the combination with p. mugo as the seed parent. from p. sylvestris as the seed parent and p. mugo as the pollen donor, we succeeded to obtain four fi ... | 2005 | 15741663 |
| flavonol 3-o-glycoside hydroxycinnamoyltransferases from scots pine (pinus sylvestris l.). | flavonol 3-o-glucosides esterified with ferulic or p-coumaric acid at positions 3'' and 6'' are the major uv-b screening pigments of the epidermal layer of scots pine (pinus sylvestris) needles. the last steps in the biosynthesis of these compounds are catalyzed by enzymes that transfer the acyl part of hydroxycinnamic acid coa esters to flavonol 3-o-glucosides. a newly developed enzyme assay revealed three flavonol 3-o-glucoside hydroxycinnamoyltransferases (hcts) in scots pine needles with spe ... | 2005 | 15752358 |
| enhancement of attraction and trap catches of the old-house borer, hylotrupes bajulus (coleoptera: cerambycidae), by combination of male sex pheromone and monoterpenes. | monoterpenoid compounds extracted from wood of scots pine, pinus sylvestris l, synergized the attraction of the old-house borer, hylotrupes bajulus (l), to the male pheromone (3r)-3-hydroxy-2-hexanone ((3r)-ketol) + 1-butanol. glasshouse experiments using ground traps baited with extracts derived from scots pine wood or the monoterpenes (+)-alpha-pinene, (-)-verbenone, (-)-trans-pinocarveol and (+)-terpinen-4-ol attracted significantly more h bajulus females, but caught fewer of them, than the s ... | 2005 | 15776406 |
| uranium distribution and cycling in scots pine (pinus sylvestris l.) growing on a revegetated u-mining heap. | we determined the uranium distribution in soil and its allocation in compartments of 35-year-old scots pine developed on a revegetated u-mining heap. the processes controlling the dynamics of u recycling were identified and further quantified in terms of annual fluxes. as pine developed, an acid humus layer emerged leading to weathering of the alkaline mining debris but this had little effect on u mobility in the soil profile. increased u mobility mainly involved a translocation of u to metal-hu ... | 2005 | 15795035 |
| contrasting net primary productivity and carbon distribution between neighboring stands of quercus robur and pinus sylvestris. | standing biomass, net primary production (npp) and soil carbon (c) pools were studied in a 67-year-old pedunculate oak (quercus robur l.) stand and a neighboring 74-year- old scots pine (pinus sylvestris l.) stand in the belgian campine region. despite a 14% lower tree density and a lower tree height in the oak stand, standing biomass was slightly higher than in the pine stand (177 and 169 mg ha(-1) in oaks and pines, respectively), indicating that individual oak trees contained more biomass tha ... | 2005 | 15805090 |
| allometry and evaluation of in situ optical lai determination in scots pine: a case study in belgium. | we evaluated several optical methods for in situ estimation of leaf area index (lai) in a belgian scots pine (pinus sylvestris l.) stand. the results obtained were compared with lai determined from allometric relationships established in the same stand. we found high correlations between branch cross-sectional area, diameter at breast height (dbh) and basal area as dependent variables, and leaf mass, needle area and crown projection as independent variables. we then compared lai estimated by all ... | 2005 | 15805092 |
| in-vitro anti-inflammatory activity of pinus sylvestris and plantago lanceolata extracts: effect on inducible nos, cox-1, cox-2 and their products in j774a.1 murine macrophages. | extracts of the plant species pinus sylvestris l. and plantago lanceolata l. have been used in traditional medicine for the treatment of certain respiratory diseases, but little is known about their precise effects and mechanisms of action. in this study, we investigated the effect of these plant extracts on the production of nitric oxide (no) and prostaglandin e(2), no synthase (nos) type ii, cyclooxygenase-1 (cox-1) and cox-2 mrna expression in the murine macrophage cell line j774a.1. we found ... | 2005 | 15807995 |
| [population-genetic variation in scots pine pinus sylvestris l. from the main forest regions of ukraine]. | using electrophoretic analysis of 22 isozyme loci controlling ten enzyme systems, we studied intrapopulation and interpopulation variation of scots pine pinus sylvestris l. in the main forest regions of ukraine. in 15 of the populations examined, 76.5% of genes were polymorphic, and an average plant was shown to be heterozygous at 23.4% of the genes. the lowest and highest values of major polymorphism parameters were characteristic of respectively the relic populations of ukrainian carpathians a ... | 2005 | 15810611 |
| free radical generation in pinus sylvestris and larix decidua seeds primed with polyethylene glycol or potassium salt solutions. | electron paramagnetic resonance (epr) spectra of pinus sylvestris and larix decidua seeds show that priming with peg+200 mg kg(-1) gibberelic acid (ga(3)) results in appreciably higher free radical contents than in unprimed control samples. only relatively minor changes in the free radical levels were observed in seeds primed with k(+) salts. however, both priming treatments have been reported previously to result in faster germination rates compared to controls without changing the germination ... | 2005 | 15820658 |
| a plant notices insect egg deposition and changes its rate of photosynthesis. | scots pine (pinus sylvestris) is known to change its terpenoid metabolism in response to egg deposition by the sawfly diprion pini (hymenoptera, diprionidae). three days after egg deposition, parts of the pine twig adjacent to the egg-laden one are induced to emit volatiles, which attract egg parasitoids. in this study, we investigated whether egg deposition by this sawfly affects pine photosynthesis. measurements of photosynthesis were taken from untreated control twigs and from pine twigs adja ... | 2005 | 15821143 |
| mycelial production, spread and root colonisation by the ectomycorrhizal fungi hebeloma crustuliniforme and paxillus involutus under elevated atmospheric co2. | effects of elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide (co2) levels on the production and spread of ectomycorrhizal fungal mycelium from colonised scots pine roots were investigated. pinus sylvestris (l.) karst. seedlings inoculated with either hebeloma crustuliniforme (bull:fr.) quel. or paxillus involutus (fr.) fr. were grown at either ambient (350 ppm) or elevated (700 ppm) levels of co2. mycelial production was measured after 6 weeks in pots, and mycelial spread from inoculated seedlings was studied ... | 2005 | 14750001 |
| acclimation of photosynthetic capacity in scots pine to the annual cycle of temperature. | coniferous trees growing in the boreal and temperate zones have a clear annual cycle of photosynthetic activity. a recent study demonstrated that the seasonal variation in photosynthetic capacity of scots pine (pinus sylvestris l.) could be attributed mainly to the light response curve of photosynthesis. the magnitude of the light response curve varied over the season while its shape remained constant, indicating that the two physiological parameters quantifying the curve-the quantum yield per u ... | 2004 | 14757576 |
| effects of temperature and nutrient availability on plasma membrane lipid composition in scots pine roots during growth initiation. | we studied the effects of root zone temperature (rzt) and nutrient availability on free sterols and phospholipids in the plasma membrane (pm) and on pm-atpase activity in roots of 1-year-old scots pine (pinus sylvestris l.) seedlings during growth initiation in the spring. seedlings were grown for 6 weeks in hydroponic cultures with low (0.5 mm n; ln) or high (3 mm n; hn) nutrient availability. the root zone was subjected to slow warming (sw) and fast warming (fw) treatments while maintaining si ... | 2004 | 14757583 |
| development, persistence and regeneration of foraging ectomycorrhizal mycelial systems in soil microcosms. | development of extraradical mycelia of two strains each of paxillus involutus and suillus bovinus in ectomycorrhizal association with pinus sylvestris seedlings was studied in two dimensions in non-sterile soil microcosms. there were significant inter- and intra-specific differences in extraradical mycelial growth and morphology. the mycelial systems of both strains of p. involutus were diffuse and extended more rapidly than those of s. bovinus. depending on the strain, p. involutus mycelia were ... | 2004 | 14598131 |
| the timing of bud burst and its effect on tree growth. | a phenology model for estimating the timings of bud burst--one of the most influential phenological phases for the simulation of tree growth--is presented in this study. the model calculates the timings of the leafing of beech (fagus sylvatica l.) and oak (quercus robur l.) and the may shoot of norway spruce (picea abies l.) and scots pine (pinus sylvestris l.) on the basis of the daily maximum temperature. the data for parameterisation and validation of the model have been taken from 40 climate ... | 2004 | 14564495 |
| component carbon fluxes and their contribution to ecosystem carbon exchange in a pine forest: an assessment based on eddy covariance measurements and an integrated model. | we used a combination of eddy flux, canopy, soil and environmental measurements with an integrated biophysical model to analyze the seasonality of component carbon (c) fluxes and their contribution to ecosystem c exchange in a 50-year-old scots pine forest (pinus sylvestris l.) in eastern finland (62 degrees 47' n, 30 degrees 58' e) over three climatically contrasting years (2000-2002). eddy flux measurements showed that the growing scots pine forest was a sink for co2, with annual net c uptakes ... | 2004 | 14652211 |
| the fractal dimension as a measure of the quality of habitats. | habitat fragmentation produces isolated patches characterized by increased edge effects from an originally continuous habitat. the shapes of these patches often show a high degree of irregularity: their shapes deviate significantly from regular geometrical shapes such as rectangular and elliptical ones. in fractal theory, the geometry of patches created by a common landscape transformation process should be statistically similar, i.e. their fractal dimensions and their form factors should be equ ... | 2004 | 14963403 |
| pyrene degradation in forest humus microcosms with or without pine and its mycorrhizal fungus. | the mineralization potential of forest humus and the self-cleaning potential of a boreal coniferous forest environment for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (pah) compounds was studied using a model ecosystem of acid forest humus (ph = 3.6) and pyrene as the model compound. the matrix was natural humus or humus mixed with oil-polluted soil in the presence and absence of scots pine (pinus sylvestris l.) and its mycorrhizal fungus (paxillus involutus). the rates of pyrene mineralization in the micro ... | 2004 | 14964357 |
| leaching of dissolved organic carbon and carbon dioxide emission after compost application to six nutrient-depleted forest soils. | the objective of this study was to assess the effect of compost application on soil respiration and dissolved organic carbon (doc) output of nutrient-depleted forest soils. an amount of 6.3 kg m(-2) mature compost was applied to the forest floor of european beech (fagus sylvatica l.), norway spruce (picea abies karst.), and scots pine (pinus sylvestris l.) stands at soiling and unterlüss, germany. cumulative soil respiration significantly increased by 499 g c m(-2) in the spruce stand at unterlü ... | 2004 | 14964362 |
| tree rings as pb pollution archives? a comparison of 206pb/207pb isotope ratios in pine and other environmental media. | tree rings, if validated as an environmental archive for pollution, would provide a convenient, geographically widespread archive for studying the temporal and spatial distribution of atmospheric pollutants. we collected tree-ring records from scots pine (pinus sylvestris l.), ranging in age from 100 to 300 years and from one spruce (picea abies), from sites in southern and northern sweden and analyzed their stable lead isotopic composition (206pb/207pb). these results are compared to the pb iso ... | 2004 | 14967509 |
| significance of wood terpenoids in the resistance of scots pine provenances against the old house borer, hylotrupes bajulus, and brown-rot fungus, coniophora puteana. | we tested how terpenoid (i.e., monoterpenes and resin acids) composition and concentration in wood affects resistance against wood-borers and decaying fungi. scots pine (pinus sylvestris) wood from nine provenances having variable terpenoid profiles was studied against the old house borer, hylotrupes bajulus, and the decay fungus, coniophora puteana. provenances represented a 1200-km n-s transect from estonia to northern finland, but they were all cultivated for 7 years in the same nursery field ... | 2004 | 15074661 |
| abundance, diversity, and vitality of mycorrhizae of scots pine (pinus sylvestris l.) in lignite recultivation sites. | scots pine (pinus sylvestris l.) stands cover large areas in the lusatian and the middle german lignite mining districts. due to adverse chemical substrate conditions, the root systems of the trees are restricted to the ameliorated top-spoil and the organic forest floor layers. to investigate functioning of fine root systems under the prevailing site factors, we studied mycorrhizal colonization rate and frequency as well as mycorrhizal diversity, vitality and growth phases in scots pine ecosyste ... | 2004 | 12942357 |
| [major features of decline of pinus sylvestris var. mongolica plantation on sandy land]. | in view of the decline of man-made sand-fixation forest of pinus sylvestris var. mongolica in zhanggutai sand land of liaoning province, this paper studied the major characteristics of the decline. the appearance of the declining man-made sand-fixation forest of pinus sylvestris var. mongolica was grey green, its needle leaf was very thin, the blooming and fruiting rate was low, the average quantity of cones per tree was only 10.4-16.5, with only 6.96 g to 7.39 g per thousand seeds, and there we ... | 2004 | 15825430 |
| [decline regularity and causes of pinus sylvestris var. mongolica plantation on sandy land]. | the study showed that the decline of pinus sylvestris var. mongolica plantation out of its natural distribution area was a phenomenon of premature senility. the infected harm of shoot blight was the direct cause of pinus sylvestris var. mongolica dying, but wasn't the basic reason. the decline of pinus sylvestris var. mongolica was caused by the interaction of biological and other factors, which was "the third disease" beyond infectious and non-infectious diseases, namely, "decline disease of fo ... | 2004 | 15825431 |
| elemental analyses of pine bark and wood in an environmental study. | bark and wood samples were taken from the same individuals of scots pine (pinus sylvestris l.) from a polluted area close to a cu-ni smelter in harjavalta and from some relatively unpolluted areas in western finland. the samples were analysed by thick-target particle induced x-ray emission (pixe) after preconcentration by dry ashing at 550 degrees c. the elemental contents of pine bark and wood were compared to study the impact of heavy metal pollution on pine trees. by comparison of the element ... | 2004 | 15862848 |
| chitosan (biochikol 020 pc) in the control of some ornamental foliage diseases. | chitosan, (biochikol 020 pc) a potential elicitor of plant defence and also an active inhibitor of fungal growth was used in experiments. the compound was used at concentrations 0.01 to 0.2% as a plant spray for rose protection against sphaerotheca pannosa var. rosae, peronospora sparsa and diplocarpon rosae, oidium chrysanthemi and puccinia horiana on chrysanthemum, against melampsora epitea on willow. myrothecium roridum on dieffenbachia and against lophodermium spp on scots pine. effectivenes ... | 2004 | 15756862 |
| phenolic extractives from the bark of pinus sylvestris l. and their effects on inflammatory mediators nitric oxide and prostaglandin e2. | the anti-inflammatory properties of phenolic pine (pinus sylvestris l.) bark extract were studied. the pine bark extract was fractionated by liquid-liquid extractions and semipreparative high-performance liquid chromatography to reveal the most potent constituents. the phenolic compositions of three pine bark samples obtained, a crude extract, a chloroform fraction, and a semipreparative fraction, were analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography with uv diode array detection and/or ele ... | 2004 | 15675800 |
| gas chromatography with mass spectrometric and electroantennographic detection: analysis of wood odorants by direct coupling of insect olfaction and mass spectrometry. | a gas chromatography-mass spectrometry-electroantennographic detection (gc-ms/ead) setup has been designed by adapting a commercially available "olfactory detector port" to the use with an insect antenna. measurements were performed with antennae of the old house borer hylotrupes bajulus, a widespread insect pest of coniferous timbers. headspace volatiles from timber of pinus sylvestris were collected and analysed by gc-ms. about 30 compounds were identified in the kovacs range from 500 to 1200, ... | 2004 | 15595552 |
| plant resistance to cold stress: mechanisms and environmental signals triggering frost hardening and dehardening. | this introductory overview shows that cold, in particular frost, stresses a plant in manifold ways and that the plant's response, being injurious or adaptive, must be considered a syndrome rather than a single reaction. in the course of the year perennial plants of the temperate climate zones undergo frost hardening in autumn and dehardening in spring. using scots pine (pinus sylvestris l.) as a model plant the environmental signals inducing frost hardening and dehardening, respectively, were in ... | 2004 | 15625401 |
| effect of attract and kill formulations and application rates on trap catches of european pine shoot moth (lepidoptera: tortricidae) and shoot damage in scots pine saplings. | attract and kill technology was tested for management of european pine shoot moth, rhyacionia buoliana (denis & schiffermüller), in 4-6-yr-old scots pine, pinus sylvestris l., plantations managed by jablonna and pultusk forest districts, poland. in 2001, two formulations based on ricinoleic acid and hydrocarbon fraction (petroleum jelly) in combination with (e)-9-dodecenyl acetate, the sex pheromone of the pine shoot moth; permethrin as a contact insecticide; and tinuvin uv absorber were used. i ... | 2004 | 15568351 |
| fungicidal properties of pinus sylvestris l. for improvement of air quality. | sick building syndrome is a term commonly used to describe the consequences of poor indoor air quality. it is well documented that first of all air quality depends on the chemical composition, and until now negligible attention has been paid to air pollution by microorganisms. some species of fungi (aspergillus flavus, a. fumigatus, a. niger, a. parasiticus, a. oryzea and other) and their toxins cause difficulty in breathing, allergic rhinitis, watery eyes, headaches, and flu-like symptoms. over ... | 2004 | 15300001 |
| host ecology determines the relative fitness of virus genotypes in mixed-genotype nucleopolyhedrovirus infections. | mixed-genotype infections are common in many natural host-parasite interactions. classical kin-selection models predict that single-genotype infections can exploit host resources prudently to maximize fitness, but that selection favours rapid exploitation when co-infecting genotypes share limited host resources. however, theory has outpaced evidence: we require empirical studies of pathogen genotypes that naturally co-infect hosts. do genotypes actually compete within hosts? can host ecology aff ... | 2004 | 15312074 |
| increased selfing and correlated paternity in a small population of a predominantly outcrossing conifer, pinus sylvestris. | outcrossing rate, the rates of ovule and seed abortion, and levels of correlated paternity were estimated in a small population of pinus sylvestris, a predominantly outcrossing conifer, and were compared with estimates from two widely dispersed woodlands of the same species, showing a range of densities. on average, seed trees of the small population showed an eight-fold higher selfing rate (25 vs. 3%) and a 100-fold greater incidence of correlated paternity (19.6 vs. 0.2%) than did trees from t ... | 2004 | 15315671 |
| hplc micro-fractionation coupled to a cell-based assay for automated on-line primary screening of calcium antagonistic components in plant extracts. | high performance liquid chromatography (hplc) micro-fractionation was successfully coupled to an automated 45ca2+ uptake assay using gh4c1 cells for the separation of natural product extracts and for the primary detection of their calcium antagonistic components. the reliability of the procedure was first established with a reference solution consisting of pure compounds with a known effect on the ca2+ uptake. no loss of activity was observed to occur after hplc micro-fractionation. extracts of ... | 2004 | 15322796 |
| behaviour of the hyphae of laccaria laccata in the presence of trichoderma harzianum in vitro. | the growth rate and the behaviour of laccaria laccata and trichoderma harzianum hyphae in co-culture and in the rhizosphere of 3-month-old pinus sylvestris seedlings grown in vitro were investigated. in the interaction zone, hyphae of l. laccata became more pigmented and formed short branches growing towards the hyphae of the saprobic fungus, coiled around them and penetrated sporadically. vacuolated hyphae of t. harzianum showed protoplasm granulation and breaks in walls followed by release of ... | 2004 | 15322966 |
| laser ablation-combustion-gc-irms--a new method for online analysis of intra-annual variation of delta13c in tree rings. | we present a new, rapid method for high-resolution online determination of delta13c in tree rings, combining laser ablation (la), combustion (c), gas chromatography (gc) and isotope ratio mass spectrometry (irms) (la-c-gc-irms). sample material was extracted every 6 min with a uv-laser from a tree core, leaving 40-microm-wide holes. ablated wood dust was combusted to co2 at 700 degrees c, separated from other gases on a gc column and injected into an isotope ratio mass spectrometer after removal ... | 2004 | 15339728 |
| effect of parent genotype on somatic embryogenesis in scots pine (pinus sylvestris). | controlled crosses of seven scots pine (pinus sylvestris l.) trees produced 49 families that included both reciprocals and selfings. embryogenic cultures were initiated from immature megagametophytes and after 6 months in maintenance culture, mature somatic embryos were produced from the surviving 166 lines. the effect of parent genotypes on the cultures was evaluated at initiation of the tissue culture period, after 6 months in maintenance culture and at embryo maturation. the effect of the mat ... | 2004 | 15339735 |
| dendroremediation of trinitrotoluene (tnt). part 1: literature overview and research concept. | for decades, very large areas of former military sites have been contaminated diffusely with the persistent nitroaromatic explosive 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (tnt). the recalcitrance of the environmental hazard tnt is to a great extent due to its particulate soil existence, which leads to slow but continuous leaching processes. although improper handling during the manufacture of tnt seems to be a problem of the past in developed countries, environmental deposition of tnt and other explosives is sti ... | 2004 | 15341318 |
| identification by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry of the volatile organic compounds emitted from the wood-rotting fungi serpula lacrymans and coniophora puteana, and from pinus sylvestris timber. | volatile organic compounds (vocs) emitted by two wood-rotting basidiomycete fungi, serpula lacrymans (dry rot fungus) and coniophora puteana (cellar fungus), and the timber of pinus sylvestris (scots pine), were identified. several volatile collection techniques were employed including dichloromethane solvent extraction, solid-phase microextraction (spme) and thermal desorption of vocs entrained on tenax gr. in addition, a new method of solid sample injection (ssi) is described which utilises a ... | 2004 | 15446714 |
| investigation of heavy metals transportation from soil to the pine tree. | the scots pine (pinus sylvestris l.) is the most common tree in lithuanian forests. research on the impact of pollutants on pines allows us to evaluate pollutants in a major part of lithuanian forests. heavy metals (hms) are among the major pollutants entering forest ecosystems in different ways: in their wet and dry form they come from local or distant sources of emission by being transported from seas alongside with nutrients and sea salt, washed up from the dead plants accumulated in soil, an ... | 2004 | 15461418 |
| regulation of organic and inorganic nitrogen uptake in scots pine (pinus sylvestris) seedlings. | plants possess regulatory mechanisms that enhance nitrogen (n) uptake under conditions of spatial and temporal variation in n availability. study of regulatory mechanisms has focused almost exclusively on the uptake of inorganic n sources (i.e., ammonium (nh4+), nitrate (no3-). several lines of evidence, however, suggest that amino acids may constitute a potential source of n for a number of plant species, including conifers. in the present study, we investigated the uptake of amino acids and in ... | 2004 | 15465702 |
| seasonal and annual stem respiration of scots pine trees under boreal conditions. | stem respiration of trees is a major, but poorly assessed component of the carbon balance of forests, and important for geo-chemistry. measurements are required under naturally changing seasonal conditions in different years. therefore, intra- and inter-annual carbon fluxes of stems in forests were measured continuously from april to november in three consecutive years. | 2004 | 15469943 |
| a uv resonance raman (uvrr) spectroscopic study on the extractable compounds of scots pine (pinus sylvestris) wood. part i: lipophilic compounds. | the wood resin in scots pine (pinus sylvestris) stemwood and branch wood were studied using uv resonance raman (uvrr) spectroscopy. uvrr spectra of the sapwood and heartwood hexane extracts, solid wood samples and model compounds (six resin acids, three fatty acids, a fatty acid ester, sitosterol and sitosterol acetate) were collected using excitation wavelengths of 229, 244 and 257 nm. in addition, visible raman spectra of the fatty and resin acids were recorded. resin compositions of heartwood ... | 2004 | 15477130 |
| a uv resonance raman (uvrr) spectroscopic study on the extractable compounds in scots pine (pinus sylvestris) wood. part ii. hydrophilic compounds. | hydrophilic extracts of scots pine (pinus sylvestris) heartwood and sapwood and a solid scots pine knotwood sample were studied by uv resonance raman spectroscopy (uvrrs). in addition, uvrr spectra of two hydrophilic model compounds (pinosylvin and chrysin) were analysed. uv raman spectra were collected using 244 and 257 nm excitation wavelengths. the chemical composition of the acetone:water (95:5 v/v) extracts were also determined by gas chromatography. the aromatic and oleophilic structures o ... | 2004 | 15477131 |
| effects of host plant exposure to cadmium on mycorrhizal infection and soluble carbohydrate levels of pinus sylvestris seedlings. | in a cd-contaminated environment, not only mature trees but also their seeds and young seedlings can be exposed to cd. cadmium taken up by young seedlings may influence mycorrhizal infection, which might in turn influence resistance to cd toxicity. in order to eliminate soil-mediated responses of mycorrhizal infection to cd, pinus sylvestris seedlings were exposed to cd prior to fungal inoculation and replanted to clean substrates with fungal inoculum. cadmium pretreatment reduced the proportion ... | 2004 | 15234095 |
| boron retranslocation in scots pine and norway spruce. | we previously traced 10b-enriched boric acid from shoots to roots to demonstrate the translocation of boron (b) in scots pine (pinus sylvestris l.) and norway spruce (picea abies (l.) karst.) seedlings. to gain a more detailed understanding of b translocation, we sought: (1) to demonstrate b retranslocation directly, by showing that foliar-applied 10b is located in the new growth after dormancy; and (2) to assess whether shoot-applied b affects growth in the long term. we applied 10b-enriched bo ... | 2004 | 15234898 |
| influences of excessive cu on photosynthesis and growth in ectomycorrhizal pinus sylvestris seedlings. | growth and photosynthesis responses were measured for scots pine (pinus sylvestris l. cv.) inoculated with ectomycorrhizal fungi (suillus bovinus) under 6.5 and 25 mg/l cu treatments to evaluate ectomycorrhizal seedlings' tolerance to heavy metal stress. results showed that excessive cu can significantly impair the growth and photosynthesis of pine seedlings, but such impairment is much smaller to the ectomycorrhizal seedlings. under 25 mg/l cu treatment, the dry weight of ectomycorrhizal seedli ... | 2004 | 15272714 |
| functional interactions between a glutamine synthetase promoter and myb proteins. | in scots pine (pinus sylvestris), ammonium assimilation is catalysed by glutamine synthetase (gs) [ec 6.3.1.2], which is encoded by two genes, psgs1a and psgs1b. psgs1b is expressed in the vascular tissue throughout the plant body, where it is believed to play a role in recycling ammonium released by various facets of metabolism. the mechanisms that may underpin the transcriptional regulation of psgs1b were explored. the psgs1b promoter contains a region that is enriched in previously characteri ... | 2004 | 15272871 |
| use of modeled photosynthesis and decomposition to describe tree growth at the northern tree line. | growth of subarctic scots pine (pinus sylvestris l.) trees was investigated by a combination of process-based models and dendroecological approaches. tree ring width indices were strongly autocorrelated and correlated with simulated photosynthetic production of the previous year and with organic matter n mineralization of the current year. an autoregressive model, with photosynthesis and n mineralization as external inputs, explained growth of the trees well. however, relationships for the perio ... | 2004 | 14676035 |
| monitoring environmental pollution in erzurum by chemical analysis of scots pine (pinus sylvestris l.) needles. | pollution distribution maps of copper (cu), zinc (zn) and lead (pb) for erzurum province were developed on the basis of chemical analysis of scots pine (pinus sylvestris l.) needles collected from randomly selected sampling points during 2 years. the maps show deposition zones for the studied elements and could help in identification of sources and directions of air pollution dispersion. this study indicated that vegetation in erzurum was greatly endangered by sulphur dioxide (so(2)), whereas zn ... | 2004 | 14680886 |
| antifungal activity of stilbenes in in vitro bioassays and in transgenic populus expressing a gene encoding pinosylvin synthase. | the effect of two stilbene compounds, pinosylvin and resveratrol, on the growth of several fungi was evaluated in plate tests. wood decay tests were carried out with birch and aspen samples impregnated with the two stilbenes. in plate experiments, resveratrol had an enhancing effect on growth at concentrations where pinosylvin was already enough to prevent the growth of most fungi studied. pinosylvin impregnated at 0.2% (w/w) concentration significantly reduced the decay caused by all fungi exce ... | 2004 | 14714142 |
| molecular analysis of the 5'-upstream region of a gibberellin-inducible cytosolic glutamine synthetase gene (gs1b) expressed in pine vascular tissue. | the promoter region of the cytosolic glutamine synthetase gs1b gene was isolated from the conifer pinus sylvestris l. (scots pine). the 1,171-bp stretch of sequence lying immediately upstream of the transcriptional start site was sufficient to drive the expression of a reporter gene in a manner consistent with the expression pattern of the native gs1b gene. computer analysis of putative cis elements in this promoter region revealed the presence of an at box, an ac motif similar to those found in ... | 2004 | 14735362 |
| antibacterial effects of knotwood extractives on paper mill bacteria. | hydrophilic knotwood extracts from 18 wood species were assessed in disc diffusion and liquid culture tests for antibacterial effects against three species of paper mill bacteria. the pinus sylvestris, p. resinosa, p. contorta, and p. banksiana extracts decreased or inhibited bacterial growth. the susceptibility order was p. sylvestris > p. resinosa > p. contorta > p. banksiana, correlating with the concentrations of pinosylvin and pinosylvin monomethyl ether in these wood species. also, pseudot ... | 2004 | 15112061 |