Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| isolation of recombinant antibodies directed against surface proteins of clostridium difficile. | clostridium difficile has emerged as an increasingly important nosocomial pathogen and the prime causative agent of antibiotic-associated diarrhoea and pseudomembranous colitis in humans. in addition to toxins a and b, immunological studies using antisera from patients infected with c. difficile have shown that a number of other bacterial factors contribute to the pathogenesis, including surface proteins, which are responsible for adhesion, motility and other interactions with the human host. in ... | 2017 | 26991284 |
| upper versus lower gastrointestinal delivery for transplantation of fecal microbiota in recurrent or refractory clostridium difficile infection: a collaborative analysis of individual patient data from 14 studies. | the aim of this study was to compare upper gastrointestinal (ugi) versus lower gastrointestinal (lgi) delivery routes of fecal microbiota transplantation (fmt) for refractory or recurrent/relapsing clostridium difficile infection (cdi). | 2017 | 26974758 |
| treatment of clostridium difficile infections. | 2017 | 26960574 | |
| evaluation of two raw diets vs a commercial cooked diet on feline growth. | objectives the objective of this study was to determine if two raw feline diets were nutritionally adequate for kittens. methods twenty-four 9-week-old kittens underwent an association of american feed control officials' (aafco) 10 week growth feeding trial with two raw diet groups and one cooked diet group (eight kittens in each). morphometric measurements (weight, height and length), complete blood counts, serum chemistry, whole blood taurine and fecal cultures were evaluated. results overall, ... | 2017 | 26927818 |
| in-use evaluation of peracetic acid for high-level disinfection of endoscopes. | many high-level disinfectants have been used for disinfection of endoscopes such as 2% glutaraldehyde (ga), 0.55% ortho-phthalaldehyde (opa), and peracetic acid (paa). both ga and opa are widely used in disinfection of endoscopes and have been previously discussed, but there is little research on the practical use of paa as an endoscope disinfectant. an experimental model of a flexible gastrointestinal endoscope being contaminated with 9 strains of microorganism was designed. after the cleaning ... | 2017 | 27070796 |
| descriptive epidemiology of infectious gastrointestinal illnesses in sydney, australia, 2007-2010. | there is a lack of information about the prevalence of gastrointestinal illnesses in australia. current disease surveillance systems capture only a few pathogens. the aim of this study is to describe the epidemiology of infectious gastrointestinal illnesses in sydney, australia. | 2017 | 26798556 |
| fidaxomicin: a novel agent for the treatment of clostridium difficile infection. | due to the limitations of existing treatment options for clostridium difficile infection (cdi), new therapies are needed. | 2017 | 26744587 |
| severe refractory clostridium difficile infection with good response to fecal microbiota transplantation: a case report. | a 49-year-old woman diagnosed with pseudomembranous enterocolitis was transferred to our hospital for medical treatment. she responded poorly to treatment with vancomycin hydrochloride and metronidazole, so she underwent fecal microbiota transplantation. treatment effects were observed the next day, and the diarrhea disappeared within 3 days. colonoscopy 4 days later revealed the resolution of pseudomembranes, and no recurrences were reported within the first year after discharge. | 2017 | 26743554 |
| clostridium difficile infection in chilean patients submitted to hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. | patients submitted to hematopoietic stem cell transplantation have an increased risk of clostridium difficile infection and multiple risk factors have been identified. published reports have indicated an incidence from 9% to 30% of transplant patients however to date there is no information about infection in these patients in chile. | 2017 | 26670401 |
| clostridium difficile infection is a frequent but well-controlled event after hematopoietic cell transplantation. | 2017 | 26670398 | |
| [recurrent disease due to ribotype 027 clostridium difficile]. | 2017 | 26620602 | |
| a qualitative analysis of implementation of antimicrobial stewardship at 3 academic hospitals: understanding the key influences on success. | inappropriate use of antimicrobials is linked to the development and spread of drug-resistant pathogens and is associated with increased morbidity, mortality, lengths of hospital stay, and health care costs. "antimicrobial stewardship" is the umbrella term for an evidence-based knowledge translation strategy involving comprehensive quality improvement activities to optimize the use of antimicrobials, improve patient outcomes, reduce the development of antimicrobial resistance and hospital-acquir ... | 2017 | 26478585 |
| indication of acid suppression therapy and predictors for the prophylactic use of protonpump inhibitors vs. histamine-2 receptor antagonists in a malaysian tertiary hospital. | proton-pump inhibitors (ppi) and histamine-2 receptor antagonists (h2ra) are common acid suppressants used in gastrointestinal disorders. the trend of usage in malaysia has changed from predominantly h2ra to ppi from 2007 to 2008, 3.46 versus 2.87 and 2.99 versus 3.24 ddd (defined daily dose)/1000 population/day respectively. this raises concerns as ppi overutilization amounts to higher cost expenditure and are associated with various untoward consequences such as clostridium difficile-associate ... | 2017 | 26445624 |
| integration of erm(b)-containing elements through large chromosome fragment exchange in clostridium difficile. | in clostridium difficile, erm(b) genes are located on mobile elements like tn5398 and tn6215. in previous studies, some of these elements were transferred by conjugation-like mechanisms, mobilized in trans by helper conjugative systems. in this study, we analyzed the genomes of several recipient strains that acquired either tn5398 or tn6215-like elements. we demonstrated that the integration of the transposons in the genome of the recipient cell was always due to homologous recombination events, ... | 2017 | 26442177 |
| the role of procalcitonin levels in assessing the severity of clostridium difficile infection. | 2017 | 26392722 | |
| [candidemia subsequent to clostridium difficile infection: direct relationship or coincidence?]. | 2017 | 26364120 | |
| the long-term efficacy and safety of fecal microbiota transplant for recurrent, severe, and complicated clostridium difficile infection in 146 elderly individuals. | clostridium difficile infection (cdi) in the elderly has a higher prevalence, greater morbidity and mortality, and lower response to conventional treatment than the general population. fecal microbiota transplant (fmt) is highly effective therapy for cdi but has not been studied specifically in the elderly. this study aims to determine the long-term efficacy and safety of fmt for recurrent (rcdi), severe (scdi), and complicated (ccdi) cdi in elderly patients. | 2017 | 26352106 |
| [acute respiratory distress syndrome due to clostridium difficile colitis: a case report and review of the literature]. | clostridium difficile is a major cause of antibiotic-associated diarrhea. we report a patient with complicated clostridium difficile infection (cdi) who developed rapidly progressive acute respiratory distress syndrome (ards), for which cdi was the only identifiable source. cdi should be considered in the differential diagnosis for anyone with diarrhea who presents especially in high-risk groups such as the elderly, hospitalized patients, or those who have had a history of cdi. | 2017 | 26397285 |
| multifocal clinical performance improvement across 21 hospitals. | improving quality and safety across an entire healthcare system in multiple clinical areas within a short time frame is challenging. we describe our experience with improving inpatient quality and safety at kaiser permanente northern california. the foundations of performance improvement are a “four-wheel drive” approach and a comprehensive driver diagram linking improvement goals to focal areas. by the end of 2011, substantial improvements occurred in hospital-acquired infections (central-line– ... | 2017 | 26247072 |
| the impact of clostridum difficile on surgical rate among ulcerative colitis patients: a systemic review and meta-analysis. | there is growing recognition of the impact of clostridum difficile infection (cdi) on patients with inflammatory bowel disease. clostridium difficile infection causes greater morbidity and mortality. this study aimed to evaluate the impact of c. difficile on surgical risk among ulcerative colitis (uc) patients. we searched the following databases: medline, embase, the cochrane central register of controlled trials, acp journal club, dare, cmr, and hta. studies were included if fulfilled the foll ... | 2017 | 26228363 |
| antimicrobial resistance: thinking outside the box. | the health care system is challenged by another serious issue: antimicrobial resistance. clostridium difficile is the most common infection in health care institutions and is becoming resistant to standard treatment. carbapenem-resistant enterobacteriaceae can be found in almost every state in the united states. confounding the antimicrobial resistance issue is the fact that few new antimicrobials are being developed by pharmaceutical companies. the situation is so critical that the white house ... | 2017 | 26200730 |
| strategies for appropriate antibiotic use in intensive care unit. | the comsumption of antibiotics is high, mainly in intensive care units. unfortunately, most are inappropriately used leading to increased multi-resistant bacteria. it is well known that initial empirical therapy with broad-spectrum antibiotics reduce mortality rates. however the prolonged and irrational use of antimicrobials may also increase the risk of toxicity, drug interactions and diarrhea due to clostridium difficile. some strategies to rational use of antimicrobial agents include avoiding ... | 2017 | 26132360 |
| fecal microbiota transplant by push enteroscopy to treat diarrhea caused by clostridium difficile. | clostridium difficile is the major etiological agent of pseudomembranous colitis and is found in up to 20% of adult inpatients. the recommended treatment is antibiotic therapy with metronidazole and/or vancomycin. however, the recurrence rate may reach up to 25% and it increases in each episode. the newest alternative to treat diarrhea due to recurrent clostridium difficile is fecal microbiota transplantation. the procedure was performed in 12 patients, with a 6-month follow-up on 10 of them. of ... | 2017 | 26154556 |
| long-term follow-up study of fecal microbiota transplantation for severe and/or complicated clostridium difficile infection: a multicenter experience. | our aim was to investigate fecal microbiota transplantation (fmt) efficacy in patients with severe and/or complicated clostridium difficile infection (cdi). | 2017 | 26125460 |
| long-term follow-up of fecal microbiota transplantation for treatment of recurrent clostridium difficile infection in a dual solid organ transplant recipient. | clostridium difficile infection is one of the most frequent causes of healthcare-associated infections, and its rates are also increasing in the community. mounting evidence suggests that fecal microbiota transplantation (fmt) may be effective; however, as there is paucity of data regarding the use of fmt in patients with solid organ transplants, we present a case of successful fmt in a patient with dual solid organ transplant. | 2017 | 26078735 |
| effect of a probiotic on prevention of diarrhea and clostridium difficile and clostridium perfringens shedding in foals. | up to 60% of foals develop diarrhea within 6 months after birth. preventive measures are limited but potentially probiotics could be used. | 2017 | 25903509 |
| low awareness but positive attitudes toward fecal transplantation in ontario physicians. | despite mounting evidence supporting fecal transplantation (ft) as a treatment for recurrent clostridium difficile infection (cdi), adoption into clinical practice has been slow. | 2017 | 25798151 |
| clinical conundrums in management of sepsis in the elderly. | in 2012, surviving sepsis campaign came out with updated international guidelines for management of severe sepsis and septic shock. paradoxically, there are no specific guidelines for management of sepsis in the elderly, although the elderly are more predisposed to sepsis, and morbidity and mortality related to sepsis. sepsis in the elderly is, more often than not, complicated by clinical conundrums such as congestive heart failure (chf), atrial fibrillation (af), chronic kidney disease (ckd), a ... | 2017 | 27847897 |
| clostridium colitis: challenges in diagnosis and treatment. | clostridium difficile infection (cdi) has been reported to occur with increasing frequency and with more severe presentations being encountered. this article presents data from the alfred hospital highlighting the increased incidence, the increased severity and the broader clinical presentations observed. a case series highlights a variety of clinical scenarios that provided diagnostic and management challenges. we additionally describe a novel form of treatment for fulminant colitis. | 2017 | 25201532 |
| state-mandated reporting of health care-associated infections in the united states: trends over time. | over the past decade, most us states and territories began mandating that acute care hospitals report health care-associated infections (hais) to their departments of health. trends in state hai law enactment and data submission requirements were determined through systematic legal review; state hai coordinators were contacted to confirm collected data. as of january 31, 2013, 37 us states and territories (71%) had adopted laws requiring hai data submission, most of which were enacted and became ... | 2017 | 24951104 |
| saccharomyces cerevisiae fungemia, a possible consequence of the treatment of clostridium difficile colitis with a probioticum. | the yeast saccharomyces boulardii is a biotherapeutic agent used for the prevention and treatment of several gastrointestinal diseases, such as diarrhoea caused by clostridium difficile, in addition to the antibiotic therapy. in this study we report a case of saccharomyces cerevisiae fungemia in a patient with clostridium difficile-associated diarrhoea (cdad) treated orally with s. boulardii in association with vancomycin. the identification of the s. cerevisiae was confirmed by molecular techni ... | 2017 | 24674691 |
| antimicrobial stewardship programs: appropriate measures and metrics to study their impact. | antimicrobial stewardship is a new field that struggles to find the right balance between meaningful and useful metrics to study the impact of antimicrobial stewardship programs (asps). asp metrics primarily measure antimicrobial use, although microbiological resistance and clinical outcomes are also important measures of the impact an asp has on a hospital and its patient population. antimicrobial measures looking at consumption are the most commonly used measures, and are focused on defined da ... | 2017 | 25999798 |
| single-port laparoscopic right hemicolectomy: intermediate results. | single-port laparoscopic colectomy was first described in 2008 as a new technique for colorectal surgery. no available reports have stated the intermediate- or long-term outcome. we report our intermediate results for the first 20 single-port laparoscopic right hemicolectomies performed by a single laparoscopically trained surgeon at our institution. | 2017 | 23743366 |
| lactic acid production by streptococcus thermophilus alters clostridium difficile infection and in vitro toxin a production. | antibiotic treatment to treat specific infections has the potential to effectively target the offending microbe as well as other microbes that colonize sites within a host. antibiotic-associated diarrhea (aad) is a classic example resulting from disruption of host microbial communities; 20% of patients with aad are likely to become colonized with clostridium difficile. restoration of a "normal" microbial community within the host using probiotic bacteria is one approach to circumvent aad and c. ... | 2017 | 22895082 |
| clinical risk factors for clostridium difficile-associated diseases. | many factors appear to influence the chance of acquiring clostridium difficile (c. difficile) infection, and an accurate identification of risk factors could be beneficial in many ways. thus, in the present study, clinical risk factors for c. difficile-associated disease (cdad) in korea were identified. a total of 93 patients who met the inclusion criteria and 186 age/gender/ward/admission period-matched control patients were included in this study. statistically significant associations were fo ... | 2017 | 22729193 |
| models for the study of clostridium difficile infection. | models of clostridium difficile infection (c. difficile) have been used extensively for clostridium difficile (c. difficile) research. the hamster model of c. difficile infection has been most extensively employed for the study of c. difficile and this has been used in many different areas of research, including the induction of c. difficile, the testing of new treatments, population dynamics and characterization of virulence. investigations using in vitro models for c. difficile introduced the ... | 2017 | 22555466 |
| clostridium difficile infection: toxins and non-toxin virulence factors, and their contributions to disease establishment and host response. | clostridium difficile infection is the leading cause of antibiotic- and healthcare-associated diarrhea, and its containment and treatment imposes a significant financial burden, estimated to be over $3 billion in the usa alone. since the year 2000, cdi epidemics/outbreaks have occurred in north america, europe and asia. these outbreaks have been variously associated with, or attributed to, the emergence of clostridium difficile strains with increased virulence, an increase in resistance to commo ... | 2017 | 22555464 |
| effects of liposomal-curcumin on five opportunistic bacterial strains found in the equine hindgut - preliminary study. | the horse intestinal tract is sensitive and contains a highly complex microbial population. a shift in the microbial population can lead to various issues such as inflammation and colic. the use of nutraceuticals in the equine industry is on the rise and curcumin is thought to possess antimicrobial properties that may help to minimize the proliferation of opportunistic bacteria. | 2017 | 28638626 |
| faecal transplantation for the treatment of clostridium difficile infection in a marmoset. | the common marmoset has been used as an experimental animal for various purposes. because its average weight ranges from 250 to 500 g, weight loss quickly becomes critical for sick animals. therefore, effective and non-stressful treatment for chronic diseases, including diarrhoea, is essential. | 2017 | 28569200 |
| bacteria from animals as a pool of antimicrobial resistance genes. | antimicrobial agents are used in both veterinary and human medicine. the intensive use of antimicrobials in animals may promote the fixation of antimicrobial resistance genes in bacteria, which may be zoonotic or capable to transfer these genes to human-adapted pathogens or to human gut microbiota via direct contact, food or the environment. this review summarizes the current knowledge of the use of antimicrobial agents in animal health and explores the role of bacteria from animals as a pool of ... | 2017 | 28587316 |
| transmission of health care-associated infections from roommates and prior room occupants: a systematic review. | pathogens that cause health care-associated infections (hais) are known to survive on surfaces and equipment in health care environments despite routine cleaning. as a result, the infection status of prior room occupants and roommates may play a role in hai transmission. we performed a systematic review of the literature evaluating the association between patients' exposure to infected/colonized hospital roommates or prior room occupants and their risk of infection/colonization with the same org ... | 2017 | 28579835 |
| fate of antibiotic resistance genes and their associations with bacterial community in livestock breeding wastewater and its receiving river water. | large amounts of antibiotics are currently used in livestock breeding, which is the main driving factor contributing to the occurrence, spread and proliferation of antibiotic resistant bacteria (arb) and antibiotic resistance genes (args) in the environment. in this study, high-throughput sequencing based metagenomic approaches were employed to characterize the tempo-spacial changes of antibiotic resistome, bacterial community and their correlations in pig farming wastewater and its receiving ri ... | 2017 | 28763642 |
| levels of l-malate and other low molecular weight metabolites in spores of bacillus species and clostridium difficile. | dormant spores of bacillus species lack atp and nadh and contain notable levels of only a few other common low mol wt energy reserves, including 3-phosphoglyceric acid (3pga), and glutamic acid. recently, bacillus subtilis spores were reported to contain ~ 30 μmol of l-malate/g dry wt, which also could serve as an energy reserve. in present work, l-malate levels were determined in the core of dormant spores of b. subtilis, bacillus cereus, bacillus megaterium and clostridium difficile, using bot ... | 2017 | 28850573 |
| anaerobic bacteria growth in the presence of cathelicidin ll-37 and selected ceragenins delivered as magnetic nanoparticles cargo. | cationic antibacterial peptides (caps) and synthetic molecules mimicking the amphiphilic structure of caps, such as ceragenins, are promising compounds for the development of new antimicrobials. | 2017 | 28747178 |
| gut microbiota in health, diverticular disease, irritable bowel syndrome, and inflammatory bowel diseases: time for microbial marker of gastrointestinal disorders? | few data exist on differences in gut microbiota composition among principal gastrointestinal (gi) diseases. we evaluated the differences in gut microbiota composition among uncomplicated diverticular disease (dd), irritable bowel syndrome (ibs) and inflammatory bowel diseases (ibd) patients. dd, ibs, and ibd patients along with healthy controls (ct) were enrolled in our italian gi outpatient clinic. stool samples were collected. microbiota composition was evaluated through a metagenomic gene-tar ... | 2017 | 28683448 |
| the sialate o-acetylesterase esta from gut bacteroidetes species enables sialidase-mediated cross-species foraging of 9-o-acetylated sialoglycans. | the gut harbors many symbiotic, commensal, and pathogenic microbes that break down and metabolize host carbohydrates. sialic acids are prominent outermost carbohydrates on host glycoproteins called mucins and protect underlying glycan chains from enzymatic degradation. sialidases produced by some members of the colonic microbiota can promote the expansion of several potential pathogens (e.g. clostridium difficile, salmonella, and escherichia coli) that do not produce sialidases. o-acetyl ester m ... | 2017 | 28526748 |
| [effect of silver nanoparticles on anaerobic bacteria]. | the aim was to evaluate the antibacterial effect of silver nanoparticles on anaerobic bacteria. | 2017 | 28467592 |
| circulating and tissue-resident cd4+ t cells with reactivity to intestinal microbiota are abundant in healthy individuals and function is altered during inflammation. | interactions between commensal microbes and the immune system are tightly regulated and maintain intestinal homeostasis, but little is known about these interactions in humans. we investigated responses of human cd4(+) t cells to the intestinal microbiota. we measured the abundance of t cells in circulation and intestinal tissues that respond to intestinal microbes and determined their clonal diversity. we also assessed their functional phenotypes and effects on intestinal resident cell populati ... | 2017 | 28782508 |
| beneficial effect of bifidobacterium longum atcc 15707 on survival rate of clostridium difficile infection in mice. | clostridium difficile infection (cdi) is the main cause of hospital-acquired diarrhea that can cause colitis or even death. the medical-treatment cost and deaths caused by cdi are increasing annually worldwide. new approaches for prevention and treatment of these infections are needed, such as the use of probiotics. probiotics, including bifidobacterium spp. and lactobacillus, are microorganisms that confer a health benefit to the host when administered in adequate amounts. the effect of bifidob ... | 2017 | 28747822 |
| serious bacterial infections acquired during treatment of patients given a diagnosis of chronic lyme disease - united states. | the term "chronic lyme disease" is used by some health care providers as a diagnosis for various constitutional, musculoskeletal, and neuropsychiatric symptoms (1,2). patients with a diagnosis of chronic lyme disease have been provided a wide range of medications as treatment, including long courses of intravenous (iv) antibiotics (3,4). studies have not shown that such treatments lead to substantial long-term improvement for patients, and they can be harmful (1,5). this report describes cases o ... | 2017 | 28617768 |
| clostridium perfringens and c. difficile in parvovirus-positive dogs. | the aim of this study was to investigate clostridium difficile and clostridium perfringens in 82 diarrheic dogs positive for canine parvovirus type 2 (cpv). enterotoxigenic c. perfringens type a was isolated from three (3.6%) dogs. one (1.2%) strain was also positive for nete- and netf-encoding genes, which are commonly associated with diarrhea in dogs. toxigenic c. difficile was isolated from one animal (1.2%), which was also positive for a/b toxins. the present study identified c. difficile an ... | 2017 | 28733230 |
| evaluation of viral surrogate markers for study of pathogen dissemination during simulations of patient care. | during patient care simulations, cauliflower mosaic virus dna and bacteriophage ms2 performed similarly as surrogate markers of pathogen dissemination. these markers disseminated to the environment in a manner similar to clostridium difficile spores but were more frequently detected on skin and clothing of personnel after personal protective equipment removal. | 2017 | 28752103 |
| colitis promotes neuronal differentiation of sox2+ and plp1+ enteric cells. | mechanisms mediating adult enteric neurogenesis are largely unknown. using inflammation-associated neurogenesis models and a transgenic approach, we aimed to understand the cell-source for new neurons in infectious and inflammatory colitis. dextran sodium sulfate (dss) and citrobacter rodentium colitis (cc) was induced in adult mice and colonic neurons were quantified. sox2gfp and plp1gfp mice confirmed the cell-type specificity of these markers. sox2creer:yfp and plp1creer:tdt mice were used to ... | 2017 | 28566702 |
| recurrent bacteremia and liver abscess caused by clostridium difficile: a case report. | clostridium difficile bacteremia (cdb) and liver abscess is a quite rare presentation of c. difficile infection. | 2017 | 28858131 |
| the current landscape and lessons from fecal microbiota transplantation for inflammatory bowel disease: past, present, and future. | fecal microbiota transplantation (fmt) has changed the standard of care for clostridium difficile infection. however, there is limited data focusing on efficacy and safety profile of fmt in patients with c. difficile infection with underlying inflammatory bowel disease (ibd), including the risk of ibd flare. recently, there is also emerging evidence supporting the role of fmt to treat ibd including promising randomized trials in ulcerative colitis. however, with heterogeneity across these studie ... | 2017 | 28858073 |
| discovery of a novel lantibiotic nisin o from blautia obeum a2-162, isolated from the human gastrointestinal tract. | a novel lanc-like sequence was identified from the dominant human gut bacterium blautia obeum strain a2-162. this sequence was extended to reveal a putative lantibiotic operon with biosynthetic and transport genes, two sets of regulatory genes, immunity genes, three identical copies of a nisin-like lana gene with an unusual leader peptide, and a fourth putative lana gene. comparison with other nisin clusters showed that the closest relationship was to nisin u. b. obeum a2-162 demonstrated antimi ... | 2017 | 28857034 |
| impact of a mixed educational and semi-restrictive antimicrobial stewardship project in a large teaching hospital in northern italy. | the overuse of antimicrobials favors the dissemination of antimicrobial resistance, as well as invasive fungal diseases and clostridium difficile infections (cdi). in this study, we assessed the impact of a mixed educational and semi-restrictive antimicrobial stewardship (ams) project in a large teaching hospital in italy. | 2017 | 28856589 |
| characterization of chicken igy specific to clostridium difficile r20291 spores and the effect of oral administration in mouse models of initiation and recurrent disease. | clostridium difficile infection (cdi) are the leading cause of world-wide nosocomial acquired diarrhea. the current main clinical challenge in cdi is the elevated rate of infection recurrence that may reach up to 30% of the patients, which has been associated to the formation of dormant spores during the infection. we sought to characterize the effects of oral administration of specific anti-spore igy in mouse models of cdi and recurrent cdi. the specificity of anti-spore igy was evaluated in vi ... | 2017 | 28856119 |
| cd2068 potentially mediates multidrug efflux in clostridium difficile. | clostridium difficile is a major cause of antibiotic-associated diarrhea and the treatment thereof becomes more difficult owing to a rise of multidrug resistant strains. atp-binding cassette (abc) transporters are known to play a crucial role in the resistance to multiple antibiotics. in this study, the potential contribution of an abc transporter in c. difficile multidrug resistance was investigated. the expression level of the cd2068 gene in c. difficile encoding an abc transporter was up-regu ... | 2017 | 28855575 |
| infection control. | an infection prevention nurse has turned his hand to board game design to help health professionals understand and manage clostridium difficile. | 2017 | 28853357 |
| [clostridium difficile-associated deaths from 2013-2016 in munich and nuremberg : reporting behavior and patient characteristics]. | a number of risk factors for c. difficile infection (cdi) are described in the literature, in particular an antibiotic therapy 4-6 weeks before disease, an age of >65 years, immunosuppression and living in a long-term care facility. increasing incidence rates have been reported for germany. cdi is the fourth most common nosocomial infection with 6.4%. | 2017 | 28852777 |
| fecal microbiota transplantation for clostridium difficile infection in patients with ileal pouches. | background:clostridium difficile infection (cdi) in patients with ileal pouch-anal anastomosis (ipaa) has been increasingly recognized. the aim of this study was to evaluate the outcome of fecal microbiota transplantation (fmt) in patients with pouch and cdi. methods: all consecutive patients that underwent fmt for cdi from 2012 to 2016 were extracted from our irb-approved, prospectively maintained registry of pouch disorders. the primary outcome was negative stool tests for clostridium difficil ... | 2017 | 28852524 |
| hospital-acquired clostridium difficile infection in mainland china: a seven-year (2009-2016) retrospective study in a large university hospital. | clostridium difficile infection (cdi) is associated with risk for severe disease and high mortality. little is known about the extent of hospital-acquired cdi in mainland china. in this study, we aimed to investigate the annual cdi incidence, bacterial genotypes, risk factors for severe cdi and survival over a 7-year period. a total of 307 hospital-acquired cdi patients were enrolled, and 70.7% of these cases were male. cdi incidence was 3.4 per 10,000 admissions. thirty-three different sequence ... | 2017 | 28852010 |
| nosocomial transmission of clostridium difficile genotype st81 in a general teaching hospital in china traced by whole genome sequencing. | clostridium difficile infection (cdi) is increasingly recognized globally as a cause of significant morbidity and mortality. this study aimed to provide insight into the various dynamics of c. difficile transmission and infection in the hospital. we monitored the toxin and resistance profiles as well as evolutionary relationships of c. difficile strains to determine the epidemiology over time in a teaching hospital in shanghai, china between may 2014 and august 2015. the cdi incidence of inpatie ... | 2017 | 28851988 |
| clostridium difficile on youtube: a need for greater focus on prevention. | the purpose of this study was to describe the content of the most popular youtube videos related to clostridium difficile. across all sources, the kinds of content most likely to be included in the videos was general information, overuse of antibiotics, and symptomatic diarrhea. health professionals can contribute to existing social media messages related to c. difficile with comprehensive messages that include means for prevention. | 2017 | 28851505 |
| invading beyond bounds: extraintestinal clostridium difficile infection leading to pancreatic and liver abscesses. | clostridium difficile has become a common healthcare-associated infection over the past few years and gained more attention. c. difficile was estimated to cause almost half a million infections in usa in 2011 and 29 000 died within 30 days of the initial diagnosis. although colitis due to c. difficile is the most common presentation, there have been reported cases of extraintestinal infections. as per our review of literature, this is the third reported case of liver abscess due to the organism. | 2017 | 28847992 |
| chemoprophylaxis in the prevention of clostridium difficile infection: still a ways to go. | 2017 | 28844313 | |
| vancomycin prophylaxis for prevention of clostridium difficile infection recurrence in renal transplant patients. | incidence of primary and recurrent clostridium difficile infection (cdi) is higher in solid-organ transplant recipients than in the average hospitalized patient. strategies for preventing recurrent cdi are limited. prophylaxis with oral vancomycin (vppx) for preventing recurrent cdi may be beneficial, but there is limited evidence supporting its use. | 2017 | 28844154 |
| response to dr. tobar-marcillo and his coauthors: "chemoprophylaxis in the prevention of clostridium difficile infection: still a way to go". | 2017 | 28843660 | |
| changes in intestinal microbiota and their effects on allogeneic stem cell transplantation. | the human intestinal microbiota is essential for microbial homeostasis, regulation of metabolism, and intestinal immune tolerance. rapidly evolving understanding of the importance of the microbiota implicates changes in the composition and function of intestinal microbial communities in an assortment of systemic conditions. complications following allogeneic stem cell transplant now join the ever-expanding list of pathologic states regulated by intestinal microbiota. dysbiosis, or disruption of ... | 2017 | 28842931 |
| functional defects in clostridium difficile tcdb toxin uptake identify cspg4 receptor binding determinants. | clostridium difficile is a major nosocomial pathogen that produces two exotoxins, tcda and tcdb, with tcdb thought to be the primary determinant in human disease. tcda and tcdb are large, multi-domain proteins, each harboring a cytotoxic glucosyltransferase domain that is delivered into the cytosol from endosomes via a translocation domain following receptor-mediated endocytosis of toxins from the cell surface. while there are currently no known host cell receptors for tcda, three cell-surface r ... | 2017 | 28842504 |
| an updated meta-analysis of controlled observational studies: proton-pump inhibitors and risk of clostridium difficile infection. | attention has recently been directed toward a plausible link between clostridium difficile infection (cdi) and proton-pump inhibitors (ppis). however, the results of studies on the association between cdi and ppi remain controversial. | 2017 | 28842261 |
| fecal microbiota transplantation: therapeutic potential for a multitude of diseases beyond clostridium difficile. | the human intestinal tract contains trillions of bacteria, collectively called the gut microbiota. recent insights have linked the gut microbiota to a plethora of diseases, including clostridium difficile infection (cdi), inflammatory bowel disease (ibd), and metabolic diseases such as obesity, type 2 diabetes (t2d), and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (nash). fecal microbiota transplantation (fmt) is currently tested as a therapeutic option in various diseases and can also help to dissect associat ... | 2017 | 28840809 |
| increased rate of venous thromboembolism in hospitalized inflammatory bowel disease patients with clostridium difficile infection. | risk of venous thromboembolism (vte) in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (ibd) is well established; however, there is paucity of data on the potential added risk of vte in patients with ibd with clostridium difficile infection (cdi). we sought to study the difference in vte rates in hospitalized patients with ibd with cdi compared to those without cdi. | 2017 | 28837518 |
| bezlotoxumab for the treatment of clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea. | diarrhea caused by clostridium difficile is one of the major emerging threats to modern healthcare systems worldwide. although c. difficile spores are present in the gut innocuously, because of repeated broad-spectrum antibiotic therapy, the spores germinate with concomitant release of exotoxin a and b, resulting in mild to severe diarrhea. antibiotic therapy is augmented by addition of the humanized antibodies actoxumab and bezlotoxumab to prevent the action of exotoxins a and b, respectively, ... | 2017 | 28837182 |
| rifaximin treatment is associated with reduced risk of cirrhotic complications and prolonged overall survival in patients experiencing hepatic encephalopathy. | rifaximin might decrease the risk of portal hypertension-related complications by controlling small intestinal bacterial overgrowth. | 2017 | 28836723 |
| disparate subcellular location of putative sortase substrates in clostridium difficile. | clostridium difficile is a gastrointestinal pathogen but how the bacterium colonises this niche is still little understood. sortase enzymes covalently attach specific bacterial proteins to the peptidoglycan cell wall and are often involved in colonisation by pathogens. here we show c. difficile proteins cd2537 and cd3392 are functional substrates of sortase srtb. through manipulation of the c-terminal regions of these proteins we show the spktg motif is essential for covalent attachment to the c ... | 2017 | 28835650 |
| prediction of recurrent clostridium difficile infection using comprehensive electronic medical records in an integrated healthcare delivery system. | background predicting recurrent clostridium difficile infection (rcdi) remains difficult. | 2017 | 28835289 |
| clinical, epidemiological and microbiological characteristics of relapse and re-infection in clostridium difficile infection. | recurrent diarrhea is a common complication of clostridium difficile infection (cdi). recurrent cdi (r-cdi) may be produced by the persistence of spores (relapse) or by the acquisition of a new strain (reinfection). in this study, we analyze epidemiological, clinical, microbiological and laboratory data from patients with r-cdi, relapse, and reinfection-cdi over 5 years and compared with a control group (non r-cdi). among 60 patients with r-cdi, 36 patients had stool samples collected from two o ... | 2017 | 28830842 |
| an outbreak of clostridium difficile infections due to a new pcr ribotype 826: epidemiological and microbiological analyses. | the aim was to investigate an unusual outbreak of 5 patients with in total 8 episodes of a clostridium difficile infection (cdi) on a gastro intestinal surgical ward of a dutch tertiary care university affiliated hospital. | 2017 | 28830806 |
| long-term taxonomic and functional divergence from donor bacterial strains following fecal microbiota transplantation in immunocompromised patients. | immunocompromised individuals are at high risk of developing clostridium difficile-associated disease (cdad). fecal microbiota transplantation (fmt) is a highly effective therapy for refractory or recurrent cdad and, despite safety concerns, has recently been offered to immunocompromised patients. we investigated the genomics of bacterial composition following fmt in immunocompromised patients over a 1-year period. metagenomic, strain and gene-level bacterial dynamics were characterized in two c ... | 2017 | 28827811 |
| intestinal colonisation patterns in breastfed and formula-fed infants during the first 12 weeks of life reveal sequential microbiota signatures. | the establishment of the infant gut microbiota is a highly dynamic process dependent on extrinsic and intrinsic factors. we characterized the faecal microbiota of 4 breastfed infants and 4 formula-fed infants at 17 consecutive time points during the first 12 weeks of life. microbiota composition was analysed by a combination of 16s rrna gene sequencing and quantitative pcr (qpcr). in this dataset, individuality was a major driver of microbiota composition (p = 0.002) and was more pronounced in b ... | 2017 | 28827640 |
| protocol for a randomised, placebo-controlled pilot study for assessing feasibility and efficacy of faecal microbiota transplantation in a paediatric ulcerative colitis population: pedifetch trial. | ulcerative colitis (uc) is a chronic, relapsing condition characterised by colonic inflammation. increasing prevalence in early-age diagnosis provides opportunities for additional complications in later life as a result of prolonged exposure to inflammatory and therapeutic insults, necessitating novel avenues for therapeutics which may result in fewer side effects. faecal microbiota transplantation (fmt) has previously demonstrated potential therapeutic benefit in an adult randomised-controlled ... | 2017 | 28827258 |
| probiotics and antibiotic-associated diarrhea in children: a review and new evidence on lactobacillus rhamnosus gg during and after antibiotic treatment. | antibiotic associated diarrhea (aad) is a common complication in childhood in the outpatient and inpatient settings. this review provides up to date information on the use of probiotics in the prevention and treatment of aad, including that from clostridium difficile, in children. the most recently systematic reviews and subsequently published randomized controlleds trials are considered. different single and multistrain probiotics are described; a specific recommendation for the use of lactobac ... | 2017 | 28827186 |
| what makes a tweet fly? analysis of twitter messaging at four infection control conferences. | objective to examine tweeting activity, networks, and common topics mentioned on twitter at 4 international infection control and infectious disease conferences. design a cross-sectional study. methods an independent company was commissioned to undertake a twitter 'trawl' each month between july 1, 2016, and november 31, 2016. the trawl identified any tweets that contained the official hashtags of the conferences for (1) the uk infection prevention society, (2) idweek 2016, (3) the federation of ... | 2017 | 28826428 |
| clostridium difficile colonization of nursing home residents. | 2017 | 28826425 | |
| investigation of the cross-talk mechanism in caco-2 cells during clostridium difficile infection through genetic-and-epigenetic interspecies networks: big data mining and genome-wide identification. | clostridium difficile is the leading cause of nosocomial antibiotic-associated diarrhea and the major etiologic agent of pseudomembranous colitis. in severe cases, c. difficile infection (cdi) can cause toxic megacolon, intestinal perforation, and death. the intestinal epithelium is the first tissue encountered in the adhesion and colonization of c. difficile, and serves as a physical defense barrier against infection. despite the well-characterized cytotoxicity, few studies have investigated th ... | 2017 | 28824629 |
| comparison of two whole-room uv-irradiation systems for enhanced disinfection of patient rooms contaminated with mrsa, carbapenemase-producing klebsiella pneumoniae and clostridium difficile spores. | ultraviolet light decontamination systems are being used increasingly to supplement terminal disinfection of patient rooms. however efficacy may not be consistent in the presence of soil particularly against clostridium difficile spores. | 2017 | 28823547 |
| treating clostridium difficile infection in patients presenting with hematological malignancies: are current guidelines applicable? | adults with hematological malignancies are at high-risk of clostridium difficile infection (cdi), but no guidelines for cdi treatment are available in this population. our primary objective was to evaluate the clinical outcomes in cdi patients with hematological malignancies. our secondary objectives were to describe cdi severity using the main clinical guidelines and to evaluate the compliance of treatment choice with published guidelines. | 2017 | 28823390 |
| recurrent clostridium difficile infection after diverting loop ileostomy and colonic lavage: an unreported complication of the novel surgical therapy. | 2017 | 28822380 | |
| implementation of global strategies to prevent hospital-onset clostridium difficile infection: targeting proton pump inhibitors and probiotics. | proton pump inhibitors (ppis) have been identified as a significant risk factor for the development of clostridium difficile infection (cdi). probiotics given concurrently with antibiotics have been shown to have a moderate impact on preventing cdi. | 2017 | 28821215 |
| causes of hematochezia and hemorrhagic antibiotic-associated colitis in children and adolescents. | diseases causing hematochezia range from benign to potentially life-threatening. systematic pediatric data on the causes of hematochezia are scarce. we studied the underlying causes and long-term outcome of hematochezia in children. we further investigated the relevance of antibiotic-associated hemorrhagic colitis in children, especially if caused by klebsiella oxytoca.infants, children, and adolescents with hematochezia were recruited prospectively. patients were grouped according to age (<1 ye ... | 2017 | 28816966 |
| analysis of proteomes released from in vitro cultured eight clostridium difficile pcr ribotypes revealed specific expression in pcr ribotypes 027 and 176 confirming their genetic relatedness and clinical importance at the proteomic level. | clostridium difficile is the causative agent of c. difficile infection (cdi) that could be manifested by diarrhea, pseudomembranous colitis or life-threatening toxic megacolon. the spread of certain strains represents a significant economic burden for health-care. the epidemic successful strains are also associated with severe clinical features of cdi. therefore, a proteomic study has been conducted that comprises proteomes released from in vitro cultured panel of eight different pcr ribotypes ( ... | 2017 | 28814976 |
| faecal microbiota transplantation for <em>clostridium difficile</em> infection: a multicentre study of non-responders. | 2017 | 28814217 | |
| faecal microbiota transplantation for <em>clostridium difficile</em>-associated diarrhoea: a systematic review of randomised controlled trials. | faecal microbiota transplantation (fmt) has emerged as a useful approach for treating clostridium difficile-associated diarrhoea (cdad). randomised controlled trials (rcts) have recently evaluated its effectiveness, but systematic reviews have focused on evidence from case series. we therefore conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of rcts evaluating the effectiveness of fmt for treating cdad. | 2017 | 28814204 |
| point-prevalence survey of healthcare facility-onset healthcare-associated clostridium difficile infection in greek hospitals outside the intensive care unit: the c. define study. | the correlation of clostridium difficile infection (cdi) with in-hospital morbidity is important in hospital settings where broad-spectrum antimicrobial agents are routinely used, such as in greece. the c. define study aimed to assess point-prevalence of cdi in greece during two study periods in 2013. | 2017 | 28813492 |
| epidemiology of clostridium difficile in infants in oxfordshire, uk: risk factors for colonization and carriage, and genetic overlap with regional c. difficile infection strains. | approximately 30-40% of children <1 year of age are clostridium difficile colonized, and may represent a reservoir for adult c. difficile infections (cdi). risk factors for colonization with toxigenic versus non-toxigenic c. difficile strains and longitudinal acquisition dynamics in infants remain incompletely characterized. | 2017 | 28813461 |
| phageterm: a tool for fast and accurate determination of phage termini and packaging mechanism using next-generation sequencing data. | the worrying rise of antibiotic resistance in pathogenic bacteria is leading to a renewed interest in bacteriophages as a treatment option. novel sequencing technologies enable description of an increasing number of phage genomes, a critical piece of information to understand their life cycle, phage-host interactions, and evolution. in this work, we demonstrate how it is possible to recover more information from sequencing data than just the phage genome. we developed a theoretical and statistic ... | 2017 | 28811656 |
| octahedron iron oxide nanocrystals prohibited clostridium difficile spore germination and attenuated local and systemic inflammation. | clinical management of clostridium difficile infection is still far from satisfactory as bacterial spores are resistant to many chemical agents and physical treatments. certain types of nanoparticles have been demonstrated to exhibit anti-microbial efficacy even in multi-drug resistance bacteria. however, most of these studies failed to show biocompatibility to the mammalian host cells and no study has revealed in vivo efficacy in c. difficile infection animal models. the spores treated with 500 ... | 2017 | 28811642 |
| comparison of the clinical course of clostridium difficile infection in gdh-positive, toxin-negative patients diagnosed by pcr to those with a positive toxin test. | to evaluate the potential role of pcr-based assays in the overdiagnosis of clostridium difficile infection (cdi) by using a validated diagnostic algorithm in daily clinical practice. | 2017 | 28811244 |