Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| panic disorder, vertigo, and the protirelin (trh) test. | 2011 | 3133685 | |
| multiple myeloma: biological and clinical significance of bone marrow plasma cell labelling index. | 2011 | 3114074 | |
| molecular evolutionary clock. | 2011 | 3125328 | |
| [research on the genetic polymorphism of hydroxy metabolism of debrisoquine and its significance]. | 2011 | 3045961 | |
| [muscle relaxation with triethylene thiophosphoramide]. | 2011 | 3033839 | |
| fibronectin phosphorylation by ecto-protein kinase. | the presence of membrane-associated, extracellular protein kinase (ecto-protein kinase) and its substrate proteins was examined with serum-free cultures of swiss 3t3 fibroblast. when cells were incubated with [gamma-32]atp for 10 min at 37 degrees c, four proteins with apparent molecular weights between 150 and 220 kda were prominently phosphorylated. these proteins were also radiolabeled by lactoperoxidase catalyzed iodination and were sensitive to mild tryptic digestion, suggesting that they l ... | 2011 | 3191954 |
| verbal communication and behaviour during meals in five institutionalized patients with alzheimer-type dementia. | five institutionalized patients with alzheimer-type dementia were observed (video-recorded) during meals. the aim was to assess their meal behaviour and social interaction. the results showed that when the patients ate without the participation of staff, the two least demented patients became 'caregivers' in the group and helped the three most demented patients to eat. when two mental nurses joined the group, the patients dropped their roles as helpers. the conversation in the group could be cha ... | 2011 | 3225360 |
| separation and identification of trifluralin metabolites by open-tubular liquid chromatography/negative chemical ionization mass spectrometry. | the utility of combined open-tubular liquid chromatography/negative ion chemical ionization (nci) mass spectrometry for the separation and analysis of trifluralin, a commonly used pre-emergence herbicide, and seven of its metabolites has been demonstrated. the nci mass spectra for these compounds are reported. some of the nci mass spectra were obtained from as little as 50 pg of analyte. | 2011 | 3203148 |
| [evaluation of the use of parenteral nutrition in chronic and severe radiation enterocolitis]. | the effects of parenteral nutrition in the treatment of patients with severe chronic radiation enterocolitis is not known. we retrospectively studied 19 adult patients who received parenteral nutrition during 8.6 +/- 2.4 months (mean +/- sem), including 6 cases in our home-parenteral nutrition-program. parenteral nutrition was started 49 +/- 12 months after radiation therapy; follow-up after parenteral nutrition was 22 +/- 7 months. indication for parenteral nutrition was malnutrition (weight = ... | 2011 | 3106127 |
| transport of light in tissue in photodynamic therapy. | 2010 | 2964653 | |
| truth, trust, and paternalism. | the emphasis on the necessity for fully informed consent in two new books, doctors' dilemmas by m. phillips and j. dawson and whose body is it? by c. faulder, is found to be "lacking in balance" by brewin. the doctor's discretion in dealing with each patient is considered to be the key to determining priorities between paternalism and communication. rigid rules, brewin argues, may not be in the patient's best interest and thus should not be forced on doctors and nurses by "philosophers or expert ... | 2010 | 2863503 |
| rigid policies can help a plaintiff's case. | 2010 | 2921027 | |
| intracavernous injection of prostaglandin e1 for the treatment of erectile impotence. | we administered intracavernous injections of 20 micrograms. prostaglandin e1 to 135 patients with impotence, and evaluated the effects and side effects. among 135 patients who underwent intracavernous injection of prostaglandin e1 complete erection was observed in 83 (62 per cent), while incomplete erection was noted in 33 (24 per cent). in both groups the erection was sufficient for sexual intercourse. tumescence without rigidity was noted in 12 patients and no response was obtained in 7. poor ... | 2010 | 2913354 |
| quantitation of lactoferrin in odontogenic cyst fluids. | a competitive enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) method was used to measure the concentration of lactoferrin in fluids from 36 odontogenic keratocysts, 15 dentigerous cysts, and 30 radicular/residual cysts. keratocyst fluids contained significantly higher concentrations of lactoferrin than fluids from the other two types of cyst (p less than 0.001); but the range of values obtained within each group was large. although lactoferrin represents a larger proportion of the total protein in ker ... | 2010 | 2921360 |
| changing patterns of infectious diseases. | in the 20 years that have passed since i received my medical degree, some of the most evident, striking, and interesting changes in patterns of diseases have occurred among those due to transmissible agents. among other changes are the recognition of new diseases, new clinical manifestations for old diseases, new ecologic niches for traditional pathogens, and new modes of disease transmission. implicated causes for these changes include alterations in lifestyle such as sexual behaviour, leisure ... | 2010 | 3279773 |
| primary structure and synthesis of a blocked myotropic neuropeptide isolated from the cockroach, leucophaea maderae. | a peptide which stimulates the contractile activity of the cockroach hindgut was isolated from head extracts of the cockroach, leucophaea maderae. the inability of aminopeptidase m to degrade the peptide and the presence of glutamic acid in the hydrolysate suggested n-terminal blocking by pyroglutamic acid. the n-terminal pglu was removed enzymatically and the unblocked fragment was sequenced with an automated gas-phase peptide sequencer. the structure determined (pglu-thr-ser-phe-thr-pro-arg-le ... | 2010 | 2877794 |
| measuring care. evaluation of care: measurement in clinical situations. | 2010 | 3347541 | |
| [beta-adrenergic blockers]. | 2010 | 2876553 | |
| comparison of microscopy and pcr-rflp for detection of anaplasma marginale in carrier cattle. | in iran, anaplasmosis is normally diagnosed with traditional giemsa staining method. this is not applicable for identification of the carrier animals. the aim of this study was to compare the detection of anaplasma marginale in two different numbers of microscopic fields (50 and 100) using conventional giemsa staining method compared with the pcr-rflp technique. | 2010 | 22347555 |
| characterization of sodium carboxymethylcellulose-gelatin complex coacervation by viscosity, turbidity and coacervate wet weight and volume measurements. | a sodium carboxymethylcellulose (scmc) and gelatin coacervation system has been evaluated and characterized and the effects of ph and colloid mixing ratio on the coacervation process investigated. the colloid mixing ratio at which optimum coacervation occurred varied with the coacervation ph. a viscometric investigation of various isohydric scmc-gelatin mixtures was used to predict optimum conditions for complex coacervation. optimum coacervation occurred at ph 3.5 at a scmc-gelatin weight ratio ... | 2010 | 2900300 |
| therapeutic drug monitoring. | 2010 | 2863512 | |
| [luxatio humeri erecta. a rare form of inferior shoulder dislocation]. | in patients with erect dislocation of the shoulder, the arm is typically locked in an upright position. this rare variant of subglenoid luxation always causes damage to the ligamentous structures of the joint and sometimes additional complications arise from neurovascular lesions. two recent cases are reported here. the mechanism of injury, therapeutic measures and prognosis are discussed. | 2010 | 2916131 |
| a new method of representing dna sequences which combines ease of visual analysis with machine readability. | a new method of representing dna sequences has been devised which is termed stave projection. compared with other formats for showing the base sequences of dna, this method greatly enhances the ease of visual analysis of the sequences of bases and it is also in a machine readable form. using this method it is possible to identify and annotate all of the functional features found in dna sequences. | 2010 | 3003680 |
| [possibility of the early diagnosis of the suture incompetence of a large intestine anastomosis]. | radionuclide examinations consisting in intraoperative injection of a nonabsorbed radiopharmaceutical preparation into the lumen of adducting portion of the gut were proposed for the detection of incompetence of anastomosis sutures in the early postoperative period. the investigation was performed in 45 patients. complications on the anastomosis were detected in 7 patients: in 5 patients--anastomositis, in 2 patients--incompetence of the anastomosis sutures, the radiopharmaceutical preparation b ... | 2010 | 2836984 |
| [prenatal diagnosis of duchenne muscular dystrophy using dna rflp analysis]. | 2010 | 2907413 | |
| metaphyseal dysostosis schmidt type. | 2010 | 3251840 | |
| prophylactic injection sclerotherapy for esophageal varices: a critical appraisal. | 2010 | 3044915 | |
| regulation of galactokinase gene expression in tetrahymena thermophila. ii. identification of 3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine as a primary effector of adrenergic control of galactokinase expression. | intracellular concentrations of catecholamines were determined in wild-type and mutant tetrahymena thermophila, using the highly sensitive techniques of high-performance liquid chromatography and electro-chemical detection. catecholamines were determined in these cell strains grown under various steady-state conditions, including those which initiate and maintain repression of galactokinase gene expression. wild-type cells grown in defined minimal medium supplemented with 1% glycerol, exhibiting ... | 2010 | 2991271 |
| origin of leukemic relapse after bone marrow transplantation detected by restriction fragment length polymorphism. | bone marrow transplantation has become an accepted modality in the treatment of acute leukemia. with this therapy, it is possible to obtain long-term disease-free survival. however, leukemia recurs occasionally. in most cases, leukemic relapse is of recipient origin. there have been several reports, though, of leukemia developing in donor cells. these cases have been limited to instances in which there is an easily identifiable chromosome difference or abnormality, usually a sex chromosome. in t ... | 2010 | 2981254 |
| [perspectives in the drug therapy of peptic ulcer]. | 2010 | 2897487 | |
| processing of digestive vacuoles in tetrahymena and the effects of dichloroisoproterenol. | the digestive-lysosomal system in tetrahymena has been extensively studied; however, the various vacuole stages and the existence of a required processing period prior to defecation have not been clearly defined. in this study the presence of such a required processing period and the rate of dv defecation in tetrahymena thermophila were determined. like the cycle in paramecium, a digestive cycle in tetrahymena consisted of two periods: the processing period was 45 min and the defecation period w ... | 2010 | 2859369 |
| a case of wound botulism. | 2010 | 2882064 | |
| double-blind comparison of urapidil and prazosin in the treatment of patients with essential hypertension. | a multicentre double-blind comparative study of urapidil and prazosin was performed in 412 outpatients with mild to moderate essential hypertension. 222 patients were treated by monotherapy (107 on urapidil and 115 on prazosin), and 190 in combination with thiazide diuretics (99 on urapidil and 91 on prazosin). after a 4-week control period on placebo, the patients were randomised for treatment with twice daily urapidil (total of 30-120 mg/day) or 3 times daily prazosin (total of 1.5 to 6 mg/day ... | 2010 | 3042355 |
| [a quick and simple method for estimating the oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve]. | the methods currently available for assessing the oxyhaemoglobin dissociation curve parameters are expensive, lengthy, require a large volume of blood, and the results obtained are modified by anaesthetic gases. the equipment required for the method described includes: a microtonometre, microcuvettes, 3 gas bottles containing different oxygen, carbon dioxide and nitrogen mixtures (4.5%, 5.6%, 89.9%; 3.5%, 5.6%, 90.9%; 2.5%, 5.6%, 91.9% respectively), a microxymetre, and a microphmetre. the sampl ... | 2010 | 2817553 |
| seroprevalence of tick-borne diseases in communal cattle reared on sweet and sour rangelands in a semi-arid area of south africa. | a survey was conducted to determine the seroprevalence of tick-borne diseases (tbd) in nguni and non-descript cattle on the sweet and sour communal rangelands across seasons. body condition scores, bodyweights, packed cell volume (pcv) and antibodies to b. bovis, b. bigemina, ehrlichiaruminatium and anaplasma marginale were determined seasonally in 144 cattle raised on communal rangelands from august 2007 to april 2008. approximately 45% of the cattle were seropositive for b. bovis, 46% for b. b ... | 2010 | 19733490 |
| comparison of iatrogenic transmission of anaplasma marginale in holstein steers via needle and needle-free injection techniques. | to compare iatrogenic transmission of anaplasma marginale during sham vaccination between needle and needle-free injection techniques. | 2010 | 20919904 |
| real time polymerase chain reaction to diagnose anaplasma marginale in cattle and deer (ozotoceros bezoarticus leucogaster) of the brazilian pantanal. | epizootiological study of anaplasma marginale in regions that contain various reservoir hosts, co-existence of rickettsia pathogens, and common vectors is a complicated task. to achieve diagnosis of this rickettsia in cattle and campeiro deer of brazilian pantanal, a comparison was made between a real time polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) with intercalating sybr green fluorochrome and primers based on msp5 gene of a. marginale; a conventional pcr (c-pcr); and parasitological examination using ... | 2010 | 20943025 |
| survey on blood-sucking lice (phthiraptera: anoplura) of ruminants and pigs with molecular detection of anaplasma and rickettsia spp. | lice may serve as biological or mechanical vectors for various infectious agents. to investigate louse infestation of ruminants and pigs, and pathogens potentially transmitted by them, anopluran lice (n=1182) were collected in hungary, and evaluated for the presence of anaplasma, rickettsia and haemotropic mycoplasma dna. on cattle the following species were found: linognathus vituli (57%), haematopinus eurysternus (38%) and solenopotes capillatus (5%). l. vituli had a lower mean individual coun ... | 2010 | 20943320 |
| anaplasma marginale infection with persistent high-load bacteremia induces a dysfunctional memory cd4+ t lymphocyte response but sustained high igg titers. | control of blood-borne infections is dependent on antigen-specific effector and memory t cells and high-affinity igg responses. in chronic infections characterized by a high antigen load, it has been shown that antigen-specific t and b cells are vulnerable to downregulation and apoptosis. anaplasma marginale is a persistent infection of cattle characterized by acute and chronic high-load bacteremia. we previously showed that cd4(+) t cells primed by immunization with an a. marginale outer membra ... | 2010 | 20943884 |
| characterization of pathogen-specific expression of host immune response genes in anaplasma and mycobacterium species infected ruminants. | anaplasma and mycobacterium species are among the most prevalent bacterial pathogens in european red deer (cervus elaphus) in south-central spain and are known to modify gene expression in ruminants. in this study, we used microarray hybridization and real-time rt-pcr analyses to characterize global gene expression profiles in red deer in response to anaplasma ovis and a. ovis/mycobacterium bovis/mycobacterium avium sub. paratuberculosis (map) infections, compare the expression of immune respons ... | 2010 | 20952064 |
| an update on bovine anaplasmosis (anaplasma marginale) in canada. | 2010 | 21037882 | |
| seroprevalence of anaplasma marginale in 2 iowa feedlots and its association with morbidity, mortality, production parameters, and carcass traits. | a prospective cohort observational study was conducted to investigate the seroprevalence of anaplasma marginale in iowa feedlots and its association with morbidity, mortality, and treatment costs. blood samples were taken from 659 calves from 31 consigners at processing and classified as seropositive to a. marginale using a competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (celisa) with a 30% cutoff. health and production parameters were modeled by a. marginale serostatus with mixed model regression ... | 2010 | 21037886 |
| a review of bovine anaplasmosis. | bovine anaplasmosis, caused by anaplasma marginale, is an infectious but non-contagious disease. it is spread through tick bites or by the mechanical transfer of fresh blood from infected to susceptible cattle from biting flies or by blood-contaminated fomites including needles, ear tagging, dehorning and castration equipment. transplacental transmission of a. marginale may contribute to the epidemiology of bovine anaplasmosis in some regions. bovine anaplasmosis occurs in tropical and subtropic ... | 2010 | 21040509 |
| stability and tick transmission phenotype of gfp-transformed anaplasma marginale through a complete in vivo infection cycle. | we tested the stability and tick transmission phenotype of transformed anaplasma marginale through a complete in vivo infection cycle. similar to the wild type, the gfp-transformed a. marginale strain established infection in cattle, a natural reservoir host, and persisted in immune competent animals. the tick infection rates for the transformed a. marginale and the wild type were the same. however, there were significantly lower levels of the transformed a. marginale than of the wild type in th ... | 2010 | 21057014 |
| haemoparasite prevalence and theileria parva strain diversity in cape buffalo (syncerus caffer) in uganda. | cape buffalo (syncerus caffer) are considered to be an important reservoir for various tick-borne haemoparasites of veterinary importance. in this study we have compared the haemoparasite carrier prevalence in buffalo from four geographically isolated national parks in uganda [lake mburo national park (lmnp), queen elizabeth national park (qenp), murchison falls national park (mfnp) and kidepo valley national park (kvnp)]. differences were seen in haemoparasite prevalence in buffalo from the fou ... | 2010 | 21074945 |
| fatal bovine anaplasmosis in a herd with new genotypes of anaplasma marginale, anaplasma ovis and concurrent haemoplasmosis. | haematological and molecular analysis of blood samples was carried out during an outbreak of bovine anaplasmosis in hungary. acute disease was observed in five animals, two of which died. anaplasma-carrier state was diagnosed in 69 (92%) of cattle. further evaluation of 24 blood samples revealed concurrent infections with mycoplasma wenyonii and 'candidatusm. haemobos' in 22 and 21 animals, respectively. in addition, two cows were identified with rickettsaemia. regarding molecular investigation ... | 2010 | 21094505 |
| epidemiological analysis of tick-borne diseases in zambia. | tick-borne diseases are a constraint to livestock production in many developing countries as they cause high morbidity and mortality, which results in decreased production of meat, milk and other livestock by-products. the most important tick-borne diseases of livestock in sub-saharan africa are east coast fever (caused by theileria parva), babesiosis (caused by babesia bigemina and b. bovis), anaplasmosis (caused by anaplasma marginale) and heartwater (caused by ehrlichia ruminantium). despite ... | 2010 | 21106294 |
| analysis of membrane protein genes in a brazilian isolate of anaplasma marginale. | the sequencing of the complete genome of anaplasma marginale has enabled the identification of several genes that encode membrane proteins, thereby increasing the chances of identifying candidate immunogens. little is known regarding the genetic variability of genes that encode membrane proteins in a. marginale isolates. the aim of the present study was to determine the degree of conservation of the predicted amino acid sequences of omp1, omp4, omp5, omp7, omp8, omp10, omp14, omp15, sodb, opag1, ... | 2010 | 21120351 |
| tick-borne blood parasites in nyala (tragelaphus angasii, gray 1849) from kwazulu-natal, south africa. | a total of 97 blood samples of nyala (tragelaphus angasii, gray 1849) from south africa were tested for the presence of tick-borne haemoparasites by means of polymerase chain reaction (pcr) and reverse line blot (rlb) hybridization. the majority of blood samples contained several different haemoparasites, often in combination. prevalent haemoparasites were theileria sp. (kudu), t. buffeli, theileria sp. (sable), t. bicornis, ehrlichia sp. omatjenne, anaplasma marginale and a. bovis. this serves ... | 2010 | 21145660 |
| identification of anaplasma marginale outer membrane protein antigens conserved between a. marginale sensu stricto strains and the live a. marginale subsp. centrale vaccine. | live vaccination with anaplasma marginale subsp. centrale (synonym for anaplasma centrale) induces protection against severe disease upon challenge with a. marginale sensu stricto strains. despite over a century of field use, the targets of protective immunity remained unknown. using a broad proteomic approach, we identified the proteins in a challenge sensu stricto strain that were bound by the relevant antibody isotype induced by live vaccination with anaplasma marginale subsp. centrale. a cor ... | 2010 | 21189322 |
| epidemiology of bovine anaplasmosis in dairy herds from costa rica. | bovine anaplasmosis is endemic and occurs in almost all areas of livestock production of costa rica. the aim of this study was to determine the seroprevalence and risk factors of anaplasmosis in dairy farms of costa rica by the recombinant truncated msp-5 (rmsp-5) enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa). serum samples were obtained from 733 cattle from 20 commercial dairy herds of costa rica. the overall seroprevalence was 37.2% and herd seroprevalence ranged from 20.0 to 72.0%. the age-specif ... | 2010 | 21236580 |
| a new pcr-rflp method for detection of anaplasma marginale based on 16s rrna. | species of the genus anaplasma (rickettsiales: anaplasmataceae) are obligate intracellular tick borne pathogens. three species of anaplasma that infect cattle and sheep (a. marginale, a. centrale and a. ovis) are well recognized. of these erythrocytic anaplasma, a. marginale can cause diseases in the livestock with high economical losses. species-specific pcr based on 16s rrna gene is commonly used for detection of anaplasma species but can not differentiate a. marginale, a. centrale and a. ovis ... | 2010 | 20013050 |
| identification of anaplasma centrale major surface protein-2 pseudogenes. | the present study was aimed to identify msp2 pseudogenes and msp2 variants in the vaccine anaplama centrale strain. five msp2 pseudogenes were identified in the a. centrale genome, and multiple msp2 variants that emerged during both acute and persistent infection were detected. the pseudogene copies of msp2 were truncated; they contained a central hypervariable region flanked by short portions of the 5' and 3' conserved regions. alignment of the hypervariable region sequence of the expression si ... | 2010 | 20036077 |
| the natural history of anaplasma marginale. | the intracellular pathogen anaplasma marginale (rickettsiales: anaplasmataceae), described by sir arnold theiler in 1910, is endemic worldwide in tropical and subtropical areas. infection of cattle with a. marginale causes bovine anaplasmosis, a mild to severe hemolytic disease that results in considerable economic loss to both dairy and beef industries. transmission of a. marginale to cattle occurs biologically by ticks and mechanically by biting flies and by blood-contaminated fomites. both ma ... | 2010 | 19811876 |
| transformation of anaplasma marginale. | the tick-borne pathogen, anaplasma marginale, has a complex life cycle involving ruminants and ixodid ticks. it causes bovine anaplasmosis, a disease with significant economic impact on cattle farming worldwide. the obligate intracellular growth requirement of the bacteria poses a challenging obstacle to their genetic manipulation, a problem shared with other prokaryotes in the genera anaplasma, ehrlichia, and rickettsia. following our successful transformation of the human anaplasmosis agent, a ... | 2010 | 19837516 |
| protection in the absence of exclusion between two brazilian isolates of anaplasma marginale in experimentally infected calves. | this study investigated whether a low pathogenicity isolate of anaplasma marginale with an appendage (ufmg1) could protect calves from infection with a pathogenic a. marginale isolate (ufmg2). two groups of five friesian calves were each inoculated with ufmg1 by intravenous injections of either a. marginale-infected tick cell cultures (group 1) or blood stabilates (group 2); a third (control) group was injected with saline. all animals were inoculated with a blood stabilate containing a high pat ... | 2010 | 19837622 |
| complete genome sequence of anaplasma marginale subsp. centrale. | anaplasma marginale subsp. centrale is a naturally attenuated subtype that has been used as a vaccine for a century. we sequenced the genome of this organism and compared it to those of virulent senso stricto a. marginale strains. the comparison markedly narrows the number of outer membrane protein candidates for development of a safer inactivated vaccine and provides insight into the diversity among strains of senso lato a. marginale. | 2010 | 19854912 |
| anaplasma marginale type iv secretion system proteins virb2, virb7, virb11, and vird4 are immunogenic components of a protective bacterial membrane vaccine. | anaplasma and related ehrlichia spp. are important tick-borne, gram-negative bacterial pathogens of livestock and humans that cause acute infection and disease and can persist. immunization of cattle with an anaplasma marginale fraction enriched in outer membranes (om) can provide complete protection against disease and persistent infection. serological responses of om vaccinees to the om proteome previously identified over 20 antigenic proteins, including three type iv secretion system (t4ss) p ... | 2010 | 20065028 |
| subolesin expression in response to pathogen infection in ticks. | ticks (acari: ixodidae) are vectors of pathogens worldwide that cause diseases in humans and animals. ticks and pathogens have co-evolved molecular mechanisms that contribute to their mutual development and survival. subolesin was discovered as a tick protective antigen and was subsequently shown to be similar in structure and function to akirins, an evolutionarily conserved group of proteins in insects and vertebrates that controls nf-kb-dependent and independent expression of innate immune res ... | 2010 | 20170494 |
| the immunization-induced antibody response to the anaplasma marginale major surface protein 2 and its association with protective immunity. | many vector-borne pathogens evade clearance via rapid variation in their immunogenic surface expressed proteins. this is exemplified by anaplasma marginale, a tick-borne bacterial pathogen that generates major surface protein 2 (msp2) variants to provide for immune escape and allow long-term pathogen persistence. in contrast to persistence following infection, immunization with a surface protein complex, which includes msp2, induces a response that prevents infection upon challenge. we hypothesi ... | 2010 | 20199762 |
| an indirect elisa for detection of theileria sergenti antibodies in water buffalo using a recombinant major piroplasm surface protein. | in this study we investigated the prevalence and enzootic potential of theileria spp. in water buffalo in the hubei province in china. an indirect elisa based on a recombinant major piroplasma surface protein was developed. the complete orf of the 33-kda major piroplasma surface protein (p33) was obtained from theileria sergenti genomic dna by pcr, cloned into the pet-28(a) vector and expressed in e. coli as a his-fusion protein. then the recombinant p33 (rp33) was purified and used as the antig ... | 2010 | 20207484 |
| diagnostic accuracy of methods for detecting anaplasma marginale infection in lactating dairy cattle of puerto rico. | bovine anaplasmosis (ba) is a hemoparasitic disease of great importance in cattle within the tropical and subtropical regions of the world. control programs for ba require accurate diagnostic assays but validation can be challenging because the true disease status of all animals is frequently not known with certainty. the objective of this study was to estimate the accuracy of assays for detection of anaplasma marginale infection in lactating dairy cattle of puerto rico using bayesian methods wi ... | 2010 | 20224076 |
| differential expression of genes in salivary glands of male rhipicephalus (boophilus)microplus in response to infection with anaplasma marginale. | bovine anaplasmosis, caused by the rickettsial tick-borne pathogen anaplasma marginale (rickettsiales: anaplasmataceae), is vectored by rhipicephalus (boophilus)microplus in many tropical and subtropical regions of the world. a. marginale undergoes a complex developmental cycle in ticks which results in infection of salivary glands from where the pathogen is transmitted to cattle. in previous studies, we reported modification of gene expression in dermacentor variabilis and cultured ixodes scapu ... | 2010 | 20298599 |
| association of pathogen strain-specific gene transcription and transmission efficiency phenotype of anaplasma marginale. | efficient transmission of pathogens by an arthropod vector is influenced by the ability of the pathogen to replicate and develop infectiousness within the arthropod host. while the basic life cycle of development within and transmission from the arthropod vector are known for many bacterial and protozoan pathogens, the determinants of transmission efficiency are largely unknown and represent a significant gap in our knowledge. the st. maries strain of anaplasma marginale is a high-transmission-e ... | 2010 | 20308303 |
| the efficacy of three chlortetracycline regimens in the treatment of persistent anaplasma marginale infection. | chemosterilization is reported in cattle fed chlortetracycline hydrochloride (ctc) at dosages ranging from 1.1mg/kg for 120 days to 11 mg/kg for 30-60 days. the relationship between plasma ctc drug concentration and carrier clearance has not been described. chronic carrier status was established in 21 steers with a virginia isolate of anaplasma marginale and confirmed by celisa and an a. marginale-specific rt-pcr. four negative, splenectomized steers served as active disease transmission sentine ... | 2010 | 20346598 |
| characterization of anaplasma phagocytophilum and a. ovis infection in a naturally infected sheep flock with poor health condition. | anaplasma species are transmitted by ticks and cause diseases in humans and animals. these pathogens infect sheep, an economically important domestic animal worldwide. the current study was designed to characterize in 200 animals the infection with anaplasma phagocytophilum and anaplasma ovis and the genetic diversity of a. ovis strains collected from a naturally infected sheep flock with poor health condition. sheep had 98% seroprevalence to anaplasma spp. antibodies. pcr results confirmed the ... | 2010 | 20405320 |
| estimating seroprevalence and variation to four tick-borne infections and determination of associated risk factors in cattle under traditional mixed farming system in mbeere district, kenya. | a cross-sectional study of serum antibody responses of cattle to tick-borne disease (tbd) parasites (theileria parva, theileria mutans, anaplasma marginale and babesia bigemina) was conducted on traditional smallholder mixed farms in mbeere district in kenya. the objective was to estimate the infections' seroprevalence and variation and identify associated risk factors. a total of 440 cattle in 80 farms, selected by stratified random sampling from the four divisions in the district, were surveye ... | 2010 | 20434227 |
| identification of anaplasma marginale proteins specifically upregulated during colonization of the tick vector. | the transition between infection of the mammalian host and colonization of an arthropod vector is required for the ongoing transmission of a broad array of pathogens, from viruses to protozoa. understanding how this transition is mediated provides opportunities to disrupt transmission through either chemotherapy or immunization. we used an unbiased proteomic screen to identify anaplasma marginale proteins specifically upregulated in the tick compared to the mammalian host. comparative mass spect ... | 2010 | 20439479 |
| detection of anaplasma marginale and a. phagocytophilum in bovine peripheral blood samples by duplex real-time reverse transcriptase pcr assay. | insufficient diagnostic sensitivity and specificity coupled with the potential for cross-reactivity among closely related anaplasma species has made the accurate determination of infection status problematic. a method for the development of simplex and duplex real-time quantitative reverse transcriptase pcr (qrt-pcr) assays for the detection of a. marginale and a. phagocytophilum 16s rrna in plasma-free bovine peripheral blood samples is described. the duplex assay was able to detect as few as 1 ... | 2010 | 20463162 |
| a comparison of six primer sets for detection of trypanosoma evansi by polymerase chain reaction in rodents and thai livestock. | to face the worldwide threat of surra caused by trypanosoma evansi, international organizations have stressed the need to evaluate and standardize diagnostic tools. pcr detection of t. evansi has known a great expansion during the last 20 years, but primer sets are often insufficiently assessed and compared. in this work, we compared the performances of six primer pairs-tbr1/2 (masiga et al., 1992), esag6/7 (holland et al., 2001a, b), tepan1/2 (panyim et al., 1993), pmutec f/r (wuyts et al., 199 ... | 2010 | 20466489 |
| a novel ehrlichia genotype detected in naturally infected cattle in north america. | during a research investigation to determine if cattle from british columbia (bc), canada were infected with anaplasma marginale or other related rickettsial blood parasites, a novel ehrlichia genotype was revealed. blood from seven bc source cattle was bioassayed by intravenous inoculation into naïve splenectomised calves. additional splenectomised calves were used as uninoculated negative control or a. marginale-inoculated positive control. newly designed sets of primers specific for the msp5 ... | 2010 | 20663613 |
| development and laboratory evaluation of a lateral flow device (lfd) for the serodiagnosis of theileria annulata infection. | several dna-based and serological tests have been established for the detection of theileria annulata infection, including polymerase chain reaction, reverse line blot and loop-mediated isothermal amplification, indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa), and competitive elisa. in this study, we have applied knowledge from the development and application of a recombinant protein-based indirect elisa and competitive elisa to establish a rapid test for point-of-care diagnosis of t. annulat ... | 2010 | 20680339 |
| detecting and differentiating theileria sergenti and theileria sinensis in cattle and yaks by pcr based on major piroplasm surface protein (mpsp). | theileria sergenti and theileria sinensis are closely related members of benign theileria species found in cattle and yaks in china. they are morphologically indistinguishable. a polymerase chain reaction (pcr) targeting major piroplasm surface protein of t. sergenti and t. sinensis was developed in this study. the newly developed oligonucleotide primer set was able to specifically amplify the dna of t. sinensis and in conjunction with primers for t. sergenti and these two species could be detec ... | 2010 | 20685208 |
| pyrosequencing and characterization of immune response genes from the american dog tick, dermacentor variabilis (l.). | ticks continue to be a threat to animal and human health, and new and novel control strategies are needed for ticks and tick-borne pathogens. the characterization of the tick-pathogen interface and the tick immune response to microbial infections is fundamental toward the formulation of new control strategies for ticks and the pathogens they transmit. our overall hypothesis for this research is that the tick immune system manages the maintenance of pathogens. therefore, discovery of tick immune ... | 2010 | 20698900 |
| conservation in the face of diversity: multistrain analysis of an intracellular bacterium. | with the recent completion of numerous sequenced bacterial genomes, notable advances have been made in understanding the level of conservation between various species. however, relatively little is known about the genomic diversity among strains. we determined the complete genome sequence of the florida strain of anaplasma marginale, and near complete (>96%) sequences for an additional three strains, for comparative analysis with the previously fully sequenced st. maries strain genome. | 2009 | 19134224 |
| anaplasma marginale infection in a japanese black cow 13 years after eradication of rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus in okinawa, japan. | in october 2007, a 15-year-old japanese black cow on ishigaki island, okinawa, japan, was diagnosed with anaplasma marginale infection based on clinical symptoms, blood examination, smear observation, 16s rrna and groel gene sequence analysis, and the result of a cf test. the cow was introduced into the farm from mainland japan as a calf in 1993, one year before the eradication of rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus, the main vector of a. marginale in okinawa prefecture. it is possible that the ... | 2009 | 19135309 |
| propagation of a brazilian isolate of anaplasma marginale with appendage in a tick cell line (bme26) derived from rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus. | anaplasma marginale is a tick-borne pathogen of cattle responsible for the disease anaplasmosis. data suggest that rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus and r. annulatus may be the major tick vectors of a. marginale in tropical and subtropical regions of the world. in this work we demonstrated the first infection and propagation of a brazilian isolate of a. marginale (ufmg1) in the bme26 cell line derived originally from embryos of r. (boophilus) microplus. the establishment of a. marginale infect ... | 2009 | 19150177 |
| independence of anaplasma marginale strains with high and low transmission efficiencies in the tick vector following simultaneous acquisition by feeding on a superinfected mammalian reservoir host. | strain superinfection occurs when a second pathogen strain infects a host already carrying a primary strain. anaplasma marginale superinfection occurs when the second strain carries a variant repertoire different from that of the primary strain, and the epidemiologic consequences depend on the relative efficiencies of tick-borne transmission of the two strains. following strain superinfection in the reservoir host, we tested whether the presence of two a. marginale (sensu lato) strains that diff ... | 2009 | 19188360 |
| prevalence of anaplasma marginale in different tick species from ngorongoro crater, tanzania. | in 2001, ngorongoro crater was infested with high density of ticks on grassland, livestock and wildlife which was also associated with high mortality. adult ticks were collected, identified, processed for nucleic acids extraction and a molecular analysis was performed to determine the range of tick species harboring anaplasma marginale. the real-time pcr was used in the amplification of rickettsia dna in tick pools (n=527) from 11 identified tick species. six tick species were detected with a. m ... | 2009 | 19201099 |
| genetic diversity of anaplasma marginale in argentina. | bovine anaplasmosis caused by anaplasma marginale is a worldwide major constraint to cattle production. the a. marginale major surface protein 1 alpha (msp1alpha) gene contains a variable number of tandem repeats in the amino terminal region and has been used for the characterization of pathogen genetic diversity. this study reports the first characterization of a. marginale genetic diversity in argentina based on msp1alpha genotypes and its putative relationship with rhipicephalus (boophilus) m ... | 2009 | 19285808 |
| comparative moleculo-immunological analysis of swamp- and riverine-type water buffaloes responses. | this moleculo-epidemiological and immunological study through cytokine response assessment was done to know the dynamics of cytokines in the initiation, persistence and association to physiological changes of a particular pathogen in water buffaloes. this is important to understand the magnitude and behavior of disease progression. water buffalo blood samples gathered from different places in the philippines revealed a 9.4%, 27.6%, 10.3% and 4.4% prevalence of bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv), ... | 2009 | 19285880 |
| seroprevalence estimation and management factors associated with high herd seropositivity for anaplasma marginale in commercial dairy farms of puerto rico. | a cross-sectional study was conducted to determine individual cow seroprevalence of anaplasma marginale in adult lactating dairy cattle of puerto rico (pr) and to assess the associations of farm management factors on herd seroprevalence. antibody activity against a. marginale was determined using the msp-5 competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. serum samples were obtained from 2,414 adult lactating dairy cattle from 76 randomly selected commercial dairy farms. herd seroprevalence ranged ... | 2009 | 19337849 |
| ticks and tick-borne pathogens from wildlife in the free state province, south africa. | eight ixodid tick species, associated with 59 free-ranging mammals belonging to 10 species, were collected at five different localities in the free state province, south africa. four of the study areas were nature reserves (willem pretorius, sandveld, tussen-die-riviere, and soetdoring), and one site was a private farm located in senekal district. the collection was performed from march 2006 until june 2006. ticks (n=569) and tissues from animals (n=52) were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction ... | 2009 | 19395753 |
| first report of trypanosoma vivax infection in dairy cattle from costa rica. | an outbreak of haemoparasitoses occurred from october 2007 to july 2008 in cattle from the district of rio cuarto, province of alajuela, costa rica. fifty animals of various ages out of 450 brown swiss were affected. the animals presented fever, severe anemia, jaundice, abortion or premature birth, loss of appetite, decrease milk production and accentuated weight loss in a short period of time. haemoparasites were observed in the blood smears: anaplasma marginale was present in 17 animals (60.7% ... | 2009 | 19414224 |
| generation of antigenic variants via gene conversion: evidence for recombination fitness selection at the locus level in anaplasma marginale. | multiple bacterial and protozoal pathogens utilize gene conversion to generate antigenically variant surface proteins to evade immune clearance and establish persistent infection. both the donor alleles that encode the variants following recombination into an expression site and the donor loci themselves are under evolutionary selection: the alleles that encode variants that are sufficiently antigenically unique yet retain growth fitness and the loci that allow efficient recombination. we examin ... | 2009 | 19487473 |
| [seroprevalence of anaplasma marginale in cattle from center-south region of paraná state, brazil by a competitive elisa test with recombinant msp5-pr1 protein]. | anaplasma marginale prevalence was determined in 223 sera samples in 2-year old or older cattle, from the center-southern region of the paraná state, including ponta grossa, guarapuava and laranjeiras do sul municipalities. a survey of antibodies igg class against anaplasma marginale was performed through a competitive immune absorbent assay (celisa-pr1). from the 223 sera examined, 130 (58.74%) reacted to celisa-pr1 test, suggesting an region of enzootic instability, with a significant percenta ... | 2009 | 19500456 |
| validation and field assessment of a rapid lateral flow assay for detection of bovine antibody to anaplasma marginale. | the lateral flow assay (lfa) is a rapid diagnostic test which may be performed under most conditions and is especially useful for field applications. this type of assay was applied to the detection of antibody to bovine anaplasma marginale using sera from endemic areas and from areas which have been free from infection for more than 25 years. briefly, the test uses recombinant a. marginale major surface protein 5 peptide (msp5), immobilized on a cellulose acetate membrane. a serum sample is adde ... | 2009 | 19591044 |
| [cloning, expression, molecular characterization of the msp5 protein from pr1 strain of anaplasma marginale and its application in a competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent test]. | a competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent test using the pr1 recombinant major surface protein 5 (rmsp5-pr1-elisa) of anaplasma marginale was standardized and validated using sera from anaplasmosis free and endemic regions. the sequencing of the msp5 gene of pr1 isolate showed 98% of identity with the florida and saint maries isolates, 97% with brazil (pernambuco) and havana isolates; and 91% with a. centrale. the celisa-pr1 test was compared to ifi and celisa-usa. for the standardization and va ... | 2009 | 19602309 |
| silencing of genes involved in anaplasma marginale-tick interactions affects the pathogen developmental cycle in dermacentor variabilis. | the cattle pathogen, anaplasma marginale, undergoes a developmental cycle in ticks that begins in gut cells. transmission to cattle occurs from salivary glands during a second tick feeding. at each site of development two forms of a. marginale (reticulated and dense) occur within a parasitophorous vacuole in the host cell cytoplasm. however, the role of tick genes in pathogen development is unknown. four genes, found in previous studies to be differentially expressed in dermacentor variabilis ti ... | 2009 | 19607704 |
| anaplasma phagocytophilum and anaplasma marginale elicit different gene expression responses in cultured tick cells. | the genus anaplasma (rickettsiales: anaplasmataceae) includes obligate tick-transmitted intracellular organisms, anaplasma phagocytophilum and anaplasma marginale that multiply in both vertebrate and tick host cells. recently, we showed that a. marginale affects the expression of tick genes that are involved in tick survival and pathogen infection and multiplication. however, the gene expression profile in a. phagocytophilum-infected tick cells is currently poorly characterized. the objectives o ... | 2009 | 19636428 |
| 'nothing is permanent but change'- antigenic variation in persistent bacterial pathogens. | pathogens persist in immunocompetent mammalian hosts using various strategies, including evasion of immune effectors by antigenic variation. among highly antigenically variant bacteria, gene conversion is used to generate novel expressed variants from otherwise silent donor sequences. recombination using oligonucleotide segments from multiple donors is a combinatorial mechanism that tremendously expands the variant repertoire, allowing thousands of variants to be generated from a relatively smal ... | 2009 | 19709057 |
| phylogeographic analysis reveals association of tick-borne pathogen, anaplasma marginale, msp1a sequences with ecological traits affecting tick vector performance. | the tick-borne pathogen anaplasma marginale, which is endemic worldwide, is the type species of the genus anaplasma (rickettsiales: anaplasmataceae). rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus is the most important tick vector of a. marginale in tropical and subtropical regions of the world. despite extensive characterization of the genetic diversity in a. marginale geographic strains using major surface protein sequences, little is known about the biogeography and evolution of a. marginale and other a ... | 2009 | 19723295 |
| pcr-based detection of blood parasites in cattle and adult rhipicephalus appendiculatus ticks. | to ascertain the infection rate for tick-borne pathogens in zambia, an epidemiological survey of theileria parva, babesia bigemina and anaplasma marginale in traditionally managed sanga cattle was conducted using pcr. of the 71 native zambian cattle, 28 (39.4%) were positive for t. parva, 16 (22.5%) for b. bigemina and 34 (47.9%) for a. marginale. the mixed infection rate in cattle was 8.5% (6/71), 16.9% (12/71), 7.0% (5/71) and 2.8% (2/71) for t. parva/b. bigemina, t. parva/a. marginale, b. big ... | 2009 | 18700182 |
| cloning, expression, and characterization of the msp1a and msp1b recombinant proteins from pr1 anaplasma marginale strain, brazil. | the anaplasma marginale is a bacterium that has obligate intraerythrocytic multiplication in cattle causing important economic loss. the a. marginale major surface protein 1 (msp1) complex, heterodimer composed of msp1a and msp1b, has been identified as adhesins for bovine erythrocytes. the objectives of this study were to sequences the msp1beta gene and produce and characterize recombinant msp1a and msp1b from a brazilian strain of a. marginale, pr1. the msp1alpha and msp1beta genes from the pr ... | 2009 | 18603273 |
| experimental transmission of field anaplasma marginale and the a. centrale vaccine strain by hyalomma excavatum, rhipicephalus sanguineus and rhipicephalus (boophilus) annulatus ticks. | the cattle rickettsia anaplasma marginale is distributed worldwide and is transmitted by about 20 tick species, but only rhipicephalus simus, a strictly african tick species, has been shown to transmit the vaccine strain of a. centrale. the aim of the present study was to examine transmission of field strains of a. marginale and of the vaccine strain of a. centrale by three tick species -hyalomma excavatum, rhipicephalus sanguineus and rhipicephalus (boophilus) annulatus - to susceptible calves. ... | 2009 | 18823724 |
| quantitative differences in salivary pathogen load during tick transmission underlie strain-specific variation in transmission efficiency of anaplasma marginale. | the relative fitness of arthropod-borne pathogens within the vector can be a major determinant of pathogen prevalence within the mammalian host population. strains of the tick-borne rickettsia anaplasma marginale differ markedly in transmission efficiency, with a consequent impact on pathogen strain structure. we have identified two a. marginale strains with significant differences in the transmission phenotype that is effected following infection of the salivary gland. we have proposed competin ... | 2009 | 18955472 |
| seroprevalence of tick-borne diseases among cattle in the sudan. | this study was carried out to determine the prevalence of theileria annulata, theileria mutans, babesia bigemina, and anaplasma marginale antibodies among cattle in the sudan. a total of 600 serum samples were collected from indigenous (zebu) and crossbred cattle (zebu x friesian) of both sex and different age groups. indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to assess antibodies against tick-borne diseases in apparently healthy cattle. the overall prevalence rates of t. annulata, t. m ... | 2009 | 19030878 |
| sir arnold theiler and the discovery of anaplasmosis: a centennial perspective. | sir arnold theiler's research in 1908/09 led to the discovery of the first rickettsial pathogen, anaplasma marginale, and set the stage for his development and implementation of an effective live vaccine based on a less virulent strain, a. marginale ss. centrale. his 1910 report, describing a. marginale, is among the classic monographs in infectious disease research, presenting not only observations in exacting detail but also highlighting the deductive reasoning leading to association of a new ... | 2009 | 19967931 |
| meta-analysis: appropriate tool for the integration of nursing research? | 2009 | 2798158 | |
| sce induction by ccnu and pregnancy. | 2009 | 2704378 |