Publications

TitleAbstractYear(sorted descending)
Filter
PMID
Filter
human interleukin-2 and hen egg white lysozyme: screening for bacteriolytic activity against various bacterial cells.the bacteriolytic activity of interleukin-2 and hen egg white lysozyme against 34 different species of microorganisms has been studied. it was found that 6 species of microorganisms are lysed in the presence of interleukin-2. all interleukin-2-sensitive microorganisms belong either to the enterobacteriaceae, bacillaceae, or the lactobacillaceae family. it was also found that 12 species of microorganisms are lysed in the presence of lysozyme, and 16 species of microorganisms are lysed in the pres ...201627099789
bioprospecting sponge-associated microbes for antimicrobial compounds.sponges are the most prolific marine organisms with respect to their arsenal of bioactive compounds including antimicrobials. however, the majority of these substances are probably not produced by the sponge itself, but rather by bacteria or fungi that are associated with their host. this review for the first time provides a comprehensive overview of antimicrobial compounds that are known to be produced by sponge-associated microbes. we discuss the current state-of-the-art by grouping the bioact ...201627144573
targeting antibiotic resistance.finding strategies against the development of antibiotic resistance is a major global challenge for the life sciences community and for public health. the past decades have seen a dramatic worldwide increase in human-pathogenic bacteria that are resistant to one or multiple antibiotics. more and more infections caused by resistant microorganisms fail to respond to conventional treatment, and in some cases, even last-resort antibiotics have lost their power. in addition, industry pipelines for th ...201627000559
purification and characterization of glutaminase free asparaginase from enterobacter cloacae: in-vitro evaluation of cytotoxic potential against human myeloid leukemia hl-60 cells.asparaginase is an important antileukemic agent extensively used worldwide but the intrinsic glutaminase activity of this enzymatic drug is responsible for serious life threatening side effects. hence, glutaminase free asparaginase is much needed for upgradation of therapeutic index of asparaginase therapy. in the present study, glutaminase free asparaginase produced from enterobacter cloacae was purified to apparent homogeneity. the purified enzyme was found to be homodimer of approximately 106 ...201626891220
clinical impact of blood culture results in acutely ill hospitalized adult patients with cystic fibrosis.blood cultures are obtained clinically to confirm site and source of acute infection as well as to guide effective antibiotic therapies. patients with cystic fibrosis (cf) are at risk for blood stream infection (bsi) as identified from positive blood culture results.201627829951
successful treatment with fecal microbiota transplantation in patients with multiple organ dysfunction syndrome and diarrhea following severe sepsis.the dysbiosis of intestinal microbiota plays an important role in the development of gut-derived infections, making it a potential therapeutic target against multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (mods) after sepsis. however, the effectiveness of fecal microbiota transplantation (fmt) in treating this disease has been rarely investigated.201627751177
a prospective study of the importance of enteric fever as a cause of non-malarial febrile illness in patients admitted to chittagong medical college hospital, bangladesh.fever is a common cause of hospital admission in bangladesh but causative agents, other than malaria, are not routinely investigated. enteric fever is thought to be common.201627737634
the diversity of citrus endophytic bacteria and their interactions with xylella fastidiosa and host plants.the bacterium xylella fastidiosa is the causal agent of citrus variegated chlorosis (cvc) and has been associated with important losses in commercial orchards of all sweet orange [citrus sinensis (l.)] cultivars. the development of this disease depends on the environmental conditions, including the endophytic microbial community associated with the host plant. previous studies have shown that x. fastidiosa interacts with the endophytic community in xylem vessels as well as in the insect vector, ...201627727362
prevalence and identification of burkholderia pseudomallei and near-neighbor species in the malabar coastal region of india.accurate identification of pathogens with biowarfare importance requires detection tools that specifically differentiate them from near-neighbor species. burkholderia pseudomallei, the causative agent of a fatal disease melioidosis, is one such biothreat agent whose differentiation from its near-neighbor species is always a challenge. this is because of its phenotypic similarity with other burkholderia species which have a wide spread geographical distribution with shared environmental niches. m ...201627632353
clinical relevance of molecular identification of microorganisms and detection of antimicrobial resistance genes in bloodstream infections of paediatric cancer patients.bloodstream infections (bsis) are the major cause of mortality in cancer patients. molecular techniques are used for rapid diagnosis of bsi, allowing early therapy and improving survival. we aimed to establish whether real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qpcr) could improve early diagnosis and therapy in paediatric cancer patients, and describe the predominant pathogens of bsi and their antimicrobial susceptibility.201627585633
outbreak of achromobacter xylosoxidans and ochrobactrum anthropi infections after prostate biopsies, france, 2014.we report an outbreak of healthcare-associated prostatitis involving rare environmental pathogens in immunocompetent patients undergoing transrectal prostate biopsies at hôpital édouard herriot (lyon, france) during august 13-october 10, 2014. despite a fluoroquinolone-based prophylaxis, 5 patients were infected with achromobacter xylosoxidans and 3 with ochrobactrum anthropi, which has not been reported as pathogenic in nonimmunocompromised persons. all patients recovered fully. analysis of the ...201627434277
enrichment of the lung microbiome with gut bacteria in sepsis and the acute respiratory distress syndrome.sepsis and the acute respiratory distress syndrome (ards) are major causes of mortality without targeted therapies. although many experimental and clinical observations have implicated gut microbiota in the pathogenesis of these diseases, culture-based studies have failed to demonstrate translocation of bacteria to the lungs in critically ill patients. here, we report culture-independent evidence that the lung microbiome is enriched with gut bacteria both in a murine model of sepsis and in human ...201627670109
the synthesis of l-alanyl and β-alanyl derivatives of 2-aminoacridone and their application in the detection of clinically-important microorganisms.in clinical microbiology the speed with which pathogenic microorganisms may be detected has a direct impact on patient health. one important strategy used in the laboratory is the growth of cultures in the presence of an enzymatic substrate which, once transformed by the appropriate microbial enzyme, generates a detectable colour or fluorescence output. such substrates have previously been prepared by our group and others and are available as commercial diagnostic kits, however they all suffer f ...201627391894
ceftazidime-avibactam versus doripenem for the treatment of complicated urinary tract infections, including acute pyelonephritis: recapture, a phase 3 randomized trial program.the global emergence of carbapenem-resistant enterobacteriaceae highlights the urgent need to reduce carbapenem dependence. the phase 3 recapture program compared the efficacy and safety of ceftazidime-avibactam and doripenem in patients with complicated urinary tract infection (cuti), including acute pyelonephritis.201627313268
infectious disease risk associated with contaminated propofol anesthesia, 1989-2014(1).administration of propofol, the most frequently used intravenous anesthetic worldwide, has been associated with several iatrogenic infections despite its relative safety. little is known regarding the global epidemiology of propofol-related outbreaks and the effectiveness of existing preventive strategies. in this overview of the evidence of propofol as a source of infection and appraisal of preventive strategies, we identified 58 studies through a literature search in pubmed, embase, and lilacs ...201627192163
long-term evolution of burkholderia multivorans during a chronic cystic fibrosis infection reveals shifting forces of selection.burkholderia multivorans is an opportunistic pathogen capable of causing severe disease in patients with cystic fibrosis (cf). patients may be chronically infected for years, during which the bacterial population evolves in response to unknown forces. here we analyze the genomic and functional evolution of a b. multivorans infection that was sequentially sampled from a cf patient over 20 years. the population diversified into at least four primary, coexisting clades with distinct evolutionary dy ...201627822534
mechanisms of antimicrobial resistance in eskape pathogens.the eskape pathogens (enterococcus faecium, staphylococcus aureus, klebsiella pneumoniae, acinetobacter baumannii, pseudomonas aeruginosa, and enterobacter species) are the leading cause of nosocomial infections throughout the world. most of them are multidrug resistant isolates, which is one of the greatest challenges in clinical practice. multidrug resistance is amongst the top three threats to global public health and is usually caused by excessive drug usage or prescription, inappropriate us ...201627274985
biologically based methods for control of fumonisin-producing fusarium species and reduction of the fumonisins.infection by the fumonisin-producing fusarium spp. and subsequent fumonisin contamination of maize adversely affect international trade and economy with deleterious effects on human and animal health. in developed countries high standards of the major food suppliers and retailers are upheld and regulatory controls deter the importation and local marketing of fumonisin-contaminated food products. in developing countries regulatory measures are either lacking or poorly enforced, due to food insecu ...201627199904
a universal culture medium for screening polymyxin-resistant gram-negative isolates.the colistin-containing superpolymyxin medium was developed for screening polymyxin-resistant gram-negative bacteria. it was evaluated with 88 polymyxin-susceptible or polymyxin-resistant cultured gram-negative isolates. its sensitivity and specificity of detection were ca. 100%. the superpolymyxin medium is the first screening medium that is able to detect intrinsic and acquired polymyxin-resistant bacteria.201626984971
therapeutic manuka honey: no longer so alternative.medicinal honey research is undergoing a substantial renaissance. from a folklore remedy largely dismissed by mainstream medicine as "alternative", we now see increased interest by scientists, clinical practitioners and the general public in the therapeutic uses of honey. there are a number of drivers of this interest: first, the rise in antibiotic resistance by many bacterial pathogens has prompted interest in developing and using novel antibacterials; second, an increasing number of reliable s ...201627148246
evaluation of a fully automated research prototype for the immediate identification of microorganisms from positive blood cultures under clinical conditions.a clinical laboratory evaluation of an intrinsic fluorescence spectroscopy (ifs)-based identification system paired to a bact/alert virtuo microbial detection system (biomérieux, inc., durham, nc) was performed to assess the potential for fully automated identification of positive blood cultures. the prototype ifs system incorporates a novel method combining a simple microbial purification procedure with rapid in situ identification via spectroscopy. results were available within 15 min of a bot ...201627094332
identification of neisseria gonorrhoeae by the bruker biotyper matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry system is improved by a database extension.identification ofneisseria gonorrhoeaeby the bruker matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (maldi-tof ms) system may be affected by "b consistency categorization." a supplementary database of 17n. gonorrhoeaemain spectra was constructed. twelve of 64n. gonorrhoeaeidentifications were categorized with b consistency, which disappeared using the supplementary database. database extension did not result in misidentification ofneisseria meningitidis.201626763972
comparison of cultures and 16s rrna sequencing for identification of bacteria in two-stage revision arthroplasties: preliminary report.the use of a prefabricated spacer in two-stage revision arthroplasty remains one of the few surgery strategies for infected-joint arthroplasty treatment, despite the many unidentified microorganisms in the infected joint replacements reported in some recent studies. the aim of this prospective survey was to investigate if the sonication followed by polymerase chain reaction (pcr) can improve bacterial identification on the surfaces of prefabricated spacers and if the systemic laboratory mediator ...201627015812
pseudomonas aeruginosa induced airway epithelial injury drives fibroblast activation: a mechanism in chronic lung allograft dysfunction.bacterial infections after lung transplantation cause airway epithelial injury and are associated with an increased risk of developing bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome. the damaged epithelium is a source of alarmins that activate the innate immune system, yet their ability to activate fibroblasts in the development of bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome has not been evaluated. two epithelial alarmins were measured longitudinally in bronchoalveolar lavages from lung transplant recipients who devel ...201626714197
bacterial-plant-interactions: approaches to unravel the biological function of bacterial volatiles in the rhizosphere.rhizobacteria produce an enormous amount of volatile compounds, however, the function of these metabolites is scarcely understood. investigations evaluating influences on plants performed in various laboratories using individually developed experimental setups revealed different and often contradictory results, e.g., ranging from a significant plant growth promotion to a dramatic suppression of plant development. in addition to these discrepancies, these test systems neglected properties and com ...201626903987
development and application of a synthetically-derived lead biosensor construct for use in gram-negative bacteria.the use of lead in manufacturing has decreased significantly over the last few decades. however, previous widespread use of lead-containing products and their incorrect disposal has resulted in environmental contamination. accumulation of harmful quantities of lead pose a threat to all living organisms, through inhalation, ingestion, or direct contact, resulting in lead poisoning. this study utilized synthetic biology principles to develop plasmid-based whole-cell bacterial biosensors for detect ...201627999352
phenotypic and molecular detection of the bla kpc gene in clinical isolates from inpatients at hospitals in são luis, ma, brazil.bacteria that produce klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemases (kpcs) are resistant to broad-spectrum β-lactam antibiotics. the objective of this study was to phenotypically and genotypically characterize the antibiotic susceptibility to carbapenems of 297 isolates recovered from clinical samples obtained from inpatients at 16 hospitals in são luis (maranhão, brazil).201627927163
innovative approaches using lichen enriched media to improve isolation and culturability of lichen associated bacteria.lichens, self-supporting mutualistic associations between a fungal partner and one or more photosynthetic partners, also harbor non-photosynthetic bacteria. the diversity and contribution of these bacteria to the functioning of lichen symbiosis have recently begun to be studied, often by culture-independent techniques due to difficulties in their isolation and culture. however, culturing as yet unculturable lichenic bacteria is critical to unravel their potential functional roles in lichen symbi ...201627494030
microbial transformations of selenium species of relevance to bioremediation.selenium species, particularly the oxyanions selenite (seo3 (2-)) and selenate (seo4 (2-)), are significant pollutants in the environment that leach from rocks and are released by anthropogenic activities. selenium is also an essential micronutrient for organisms across the tree of life, including microorganisms and human beings, particularly because of its presence in the 21st genetically encoded amino acid, selenocysteine. environmental microorganisms are known to be capable of a range of tran ...201627260359
clinical characteristics and predictors of adverse outcome in adult and pediatric patients with healthcare-associated ventriculitis and meningitis.background.  healthcare-associated meningitis or ventriculitis is a serious and life-threatening complication of invasive neurosurgical procedures or penetrating head trauma. methods.  we performed a retrospective study of adults and children with the diagnosis of healthcare-associated meningitis or ventriculitis, as defined by the 2015 centers of disease control and prevention case definition, at 2 large tertiary care hospitals in houston, texas from july 2003 to november 2014. patients were id ...201627419154
insights into antimicrobial peptides from spiders and scorpions.the venoms of spiders and scorpions contain a variety of chemical compounds. antimicrobial peptides (amps) from these organisms were first discovered in the 1990s. as of may 2015, there were 42 spider's and 63 scorpion's amps in the antimicrobial peptide database (http://aps.unmc.edu/ap). these peptides have demonstrated broad or narrow-spectrum activities against bacteria, fungi, viruses, and parasites. in addition, they can be toxic to cancer cells, insects and erythrocytes. to provide insight ...201627165405
host-specific functional significance of caenorhabditis gut commensals.the gut microbiota is an important contributor to host health and fitness. given its importance, microbiota composition should not be left to chance. however, what determines this composition is far from clear, with results supporting contributions of both environmental factors and host genetics. to gauge the relative contributions of host genetics and environment, specifically the microbial diversity, we characterized the gut microbiotas of caenorhabditis species spanning 200-300 million years ...201627799924
direct identification of urinary tract pathogens from urine samples, combining urine screening methods and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry.early diagnosis of urinary tract infections (utis) is essential to avoid inadequate or unnecessary empirical antibiotic therapy. microbiological confirmation takes 24 to 48 h. the use of screening methods, such as cytometry and automated microscopic analysis of urine sediment, allows the rapid prediction of negative samples. in addition, matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (maldi-tof ms) is a widely established technique in clinical microbiology laborator ...201626818668
editorial: harnessing useful rhizosphere microorganisms for pathogen and pest biocontrol. 201627807429
species diversity of environmental gim-1-producing bacteria collected during a long-term outbreak.reports of outbreaks concerning carbapenemase-producing gram-negative bacteria in which the main source of transmission is the hospital environment are increasing. this study describes the results of environmental sampling in a protracted polyspecies metallo-beta-lactamase gim-1 outbreak driven by plasmids and bacterial clones of enterobacter cloacae and pseudomonas aeruginosa in a tertiary care center. environmental sampling targeting wet locations (especially sinks) was carried out on a surgic ...201627060121
triton hodge test: improved protocol for modified hodge test for enhanced detection of ndm and other carbapenemase producers.accurate detection of carbapenemase-producing gram-negative bacilli is of utmost importance for the control of nosocomial spread and the initiation of appropriate antimicrobial therapy. the modified hodge test (mht), a carbapenem inactivation assay, has shown poor sensitivity in detecting the worldwide spread of new delhi metallo-β-lactamase (ndm). recent studies demonstrated that ndm is a lipoprotein anchored to the outer membrane in gram-negative bacteria, unlike all other known carbapenemases ...201626719442
a structure-based classification of class a β-lactamases, a broadly diverse family of enzymes.for medical biologists, sequencing has become a commonplace technique to support diagnosis. rapid changes in this field have led to the generation of large amounts of data, which are not always correctly listed in databases. this is particularly true for data concerning class a β-lactamases, a group of key antibiotic resistance enzymes produced by bacteria. many genomes have been reported to contain putative β-lactamase genes, which can be compared with representative types. we analyzed several ...201626511485
a structure-based classification of class a β-lactamases, a broadly diverse family of enzymes.for medical biologists, sequencing has become a commonplace technique to support diagnosis. rapid changes in this field have led to the generation of large amounts of data, which are not always correctly listed in databases. this is particularly true for data concerning class a β-lactamases, a group of key antibiotic resistance enzymes produced by bacteria. many genomes have been reported to contain putative β-lactamase genes, which can be compared with representative types. we analyzed several ...201626511485
dcia is an ancestral replicative helicase operator essential for bacterial replication initiation.delivery of the replicative helicase onto dna is an essential step in the initiation of replication. in bacteria, dnac (in escherichia coli) and dnai (in bacillus subtilis) are representative of the two known mechanisms that assist the replicative helicase at this stage. here, we establish that these two strategies cannot be regarded as prototypical of the bacterial domain since dnac and dnai (dna[ci]) are present in only a few bacterial phyla. we show that dna[ci] was domesticated at least seve ...201627830752
rapid antimicrobial susceptibility test for identification of new therapeutics and drug combinations against multidrug-resistant bacteria.current antimicrobial susceptibility testing has limited screening capability for identifying empirical antibiotic combinations to treat severe bacterial infections with multidrug-resistant (mdr) organisms. we developed a new antimicrobial susceptibility assay using automated ultra-high-throughput screen technology in combination with a simple bacterial growth assay. a rapid screening of 5170 approved drugs and other compounds identified 25 compounds with activities against mdr klebsiella pneumo ...201627826141
interaction of staphylococcus aureus persister cells with the host when in a persister state and following awakening.persister cells, a tolerant cell sub-population, are commonly associated with chronic and recurrent infections. however, little is known about their ability to actually initiate or establish an infection, become virulent and cause pathogenicity within a host. here we investigated whether staphylococcus aureus persister cells initiate an infection and are recognized by macrophages, while in a persister cell status, and upon awakening due to exposure to cis-2-decenoic acid (cis-da). our results sh ...201627506163
balance between coiled-coil stability and dynamics regulates activity of bvgs sensor kinase in bordetella.the two-component system bvgas controls the expression of the virulence regulon of bordetella pertussis. bvgs is a prototype of bacterial sensor kinases with extracytoplasmic venus flytrap perception domains. following its transmembrane segment, bvgs harbors a cytoplasmic per-arnt-sim (pas) domain and then a predicted 2-helix coiled coil that precede the dimerization-histidine-phosphotransfer domain of the kinase. bvgs homologs have a similar domain organization, or they harbor only a predicted ...201626933056
the use of pcr/electrospray ionization-time-of-flight-mass spectrometry (pcr/esi-tof-ms) to detect bacterial and fungal colonization in healthy military service members.the role of microbial colonization in disease is complex. novel molecular tools to detect colonization offer theoretical improvements over traditional methods. we evaluated pcr/electrospray ionization-time-of-flight-mass spectrometry (pcr/esi-tof-ms) as a screening tool to study colonization of healthy military service members.201627448413
opportunistic infections in hiv-infected patients differ strongly in frequencies and spectra between patients with low cd4+ cell counts examined postmortem and compensated patients examined antemortem irrespective of the haart era.aids-related mortality has changed dramatically with the onset of highly active antiretroviral therapy (haart), which has even allowed compensated hiv-infected patients to withdraw from secondary therapy directed against opportunistic pathogens. however, in recently autopsied hiv-infected patients, we observed that associations with a broad spectrum of pathogens remain, although detailed analyses are lacking. therefore, we focused on the possible frequency and spectrum shifts in pathogens associ ...201627611681
functional metagenomics of spacecraft assembly cleanrooms: presence of virulence factors associated with human pathogens.strict planetary protection practices are implemented during spacecraft assembly to prevent inadvertent transfer of earth microorganisms to other planetary bodies. therefore, spacecraft are assembled in cleanrooms, which undergo strict cleaning and decontamination procedures to reduce total microbial bioburden. we wanted to evaluate if these practices selectively favor survival and growth of hardy microorganisms, such as pathogens. three geographically distinct cleanrooms were sampled during the ...201627667984
production of selenium nanoparticles in pseudomonas putida kt2440.selenium (se) is an essential element for the cell that has multiple applications in medicine and technology; microorganisms play an important role in se transformations in the environment. here we report the previously unidentified ability of the soil bacterium pseudomonas putida kt2440 to synthesize nanoparticles of elemental selenium (nano-se) from selenite. our results show that p. putida is able to reduce selenite aerobically, but not selenate, to nano-se. kinetic analysis indicates that, i ...201627845437
effects of selected diazotrophs on maize growth.laboratory, greenhouse, and field experiments were conducted at the university of kwazulu-natal, pietermaritzburg, south africa in the 2010/2011 and 2011∖2012 seasons to study the effects of eight strains of diazotrophic bacteria on the growth and yield of maize. maize seeds were treated with bacillus megaterium (v16), pseudomonas sp. (stb5, a3, a6, and a61), burkholderia ambifaria (v9), enterobacter cloacae (l1) and pantoea ananatis (lb5), aiming to stimulate plant growth, and maintain or incre ...201627713756
"omics" tools for better understanding the plant-endophyte interactions.endophytes, which mostly include bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes, are the endosymbionts that reside asymptomatically in plants for at least a part of their life cycle. they have emerged as a valuable source of novel metabolites, industrially important enzymes and as stress relievers of host plant, but still many aspects of endophytic biology are unknown. functions of individual endophytes are the result of their continuous and complex interactions with the host plant as well as other members o ...201627446181
survival strategies of the plant-associated bacterium enterobacter sp. strain eg16 under cadmium stress.plant-associated bacteria are of great interest because of their potential use in phytoremediation. however, their ability to survive and promote plant growth in metal-polluted soils remains unclear. in this study, a soilborne cd-resistant bacterium was isolated and identified as enterobacter sp. strain eg16. it tolerates high external cd concentrations (cd(2+) mic, >250 mg liter(-1)) and is able to produce siderophores and the plant hormone indole-3-acetic acid (iaa), both of which contribute t ...201626729719
the iridica bac bsi assay: rapid, sensitive and culture-independent identification of bacteria and candida in blood.bloodstream infection (bsi) and sepsis are rising in incidence throughout the developed world. the spread of multi-drug resistant organisms presents increasing challenges to treatment. surviving bsi is dependent on rapid and accurate identification of causal organisms, and timely application of appropriate antibiotics. current culture-based methods used to detect and identify agents of bsi are often too slow to impact early therapy and may fail to detect relevant organisms in many positive cases ...201627384540
new weapons to fight old enemies: novel strategies for the (bio)control of bacterial biofilms in the food industry.biofilms are microbial communities characterized by their adhesion to solid surfaces and the production of a matrix of exopolymeric substances, consisting of polysaccharides, proteins, dna and lipids, which surround the microorganisms lending structural integrity and a unique biochemical profile to the biofilm. biofilm formation enhances the ability of the producer/s to persist in a given environment. pathogenic and spoilage bacterial species capable of forming biofilms are a significant problem ...201627803696
extraction of total nucleic acids from bacterial isolates using the biomérieux nuclisens easymag total nucleic acid extractor.the biomerieux nuclisens easymag total nucleic acid extractor was evaluated for use on bacterial isolates in the clinical microbiology laboratory. forty eight isolates were extracted, yielding quantifiable amounts of dna for all isolates. the easymag is appropriate for dna extraction from bacterial isolates and will be incorporated in the clinical laboratory.201627658494
a new lab developed real time pcr assay for direct detection of c. difficle from stool sample without dna extraction.clostridium difficile is a major cause of nosocomial antibiotic-associated infectious diarrhea and pseudomembranous colitis. detection of c. difficile by anaerobic bacterial culture and/or cytotoxicity assays has been largely replaced by rapid enzyme immunoassays (eia). however, due to the lack of sensitivity of stool eia, we developed a multiplex real-time pcr assay targeting the c. difficile toxin genes tcdb. stool samples from hospitalized pediatric patients suspected of having c. difficile-a ...201627829823
rapid identification and multiple susceptibility testing of pathogens from positive-culture sterile body fluids by a combined maldi-tof mass spectrometry and vitek susceptibility system.infections of the bloodstream, central nervous system, peritoneum, joints, and other sterile areas are associated with high morbidity and sequelae risk. timely initiation of effective antimicrobial therapy is crucial to improving patient prognosis. however, standard final identification and antimicrobial susceptibility tests (asts) are reported 16-48 h after a positive alert. for a rapid, effective and low-cost diagnosis, we combined matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight mas ...201627148212
multiple cross displacement amplification combined with gold nanoparticle-based lateral flow biosensor for detection of vibrio parahaemolyticus.vibrio parahaemolyticus (v. parahaemolyticus) is a marine seafood-borne pathogen causing severe illnesses in humans and aquatic animals. in the present study, multiple cross displacement amplification was combined with a lateral flow biosensor (mcda-lfb) to detect the toxr gene of v. parahaemolyticus in dna extracts from pure cultures and spiked oyster homogenates. amplification was carried out at a constant temperature (62°c) for only 30 min, and amplification products were directly applied to ...201628066368
antimicrobial properties of plant essential oils against human pathogens and their mode of action: an updated review.a wide range of medicinal and aromatic plants (maps) have been explored for their essential oils in the past few decades. essential oils are complex volatile compounds, synthesized naturally in different plant parts during the process of secondary metabolism. essential oils have great potential in the field of biomedicine as they effectively destroy several bacterial, fungal, and viral pathogens. the presence of different types of aldehydes, phenolics, terpenes, and other antimicrobial compounds ...201628090211
development of multiple cross displacement amplification label-based gold nanoparticles lateral flow biosensor for detection of shigella spp.shigella spp., the etiological agent of shigellosis or "bacillary dysentery," are responsible for considerable morbidity and mortality in excess of a million deaths globally per year. although pcr-based techniques (such as pcr-based dipstick biosensors) have been used for the molecular diagnosis of infectious disease, these assays were restricted due to the need for a sophisticated thermal cycling apparatus to denature target templates. to facilitate simple and rapid detection of target pathogen ...201627917160
salmonella typhimurium utilizes a t6ss-mediated antibacterial weapon to establish in the host gut.the mammalian gastrointestinal tract is colonized by a high-density polymicrobial community where bacteria compete for niches and resources. one key competition strategy includes cell contact-dependent mechanisms of interbacterial antagonism, such as the type vi secretion system (t6ss), a multiprotein needle-like apparatus that injects effector proteins into prokaryotic and/or eukaryotic target cells. however, the contribution of t6ss antibacterial activity during pathogen invasion of the gut ha ...201627503894
endonuclease restriction-mediated real-time polymerase chain reaction: a novel technique for rapid, sensitive and quantitative detection of nucleic-acid sequence.the article reported a novel methodology for real-time pcr analysis of nucleic acids, termed endonuclease restriction-mediated real-time polymerase chain reaction (et-pcr). just like pcr, et-pcr only required one pair of primers. a short sequence, which was recognized by restriction enzyme bstui, was attached to the 5' end of the forward (f) or reverse (r) pcr primer, and the new f or r primer was named ef or er. ef/er was labeled at the 5' end with a reporter dye and in the middle with a quench ...201627468284
multiplex, rapid, and sensitive isothermal detection of nucleic-acid sequence by endonuclease restriction-mediated real-time multiple cross displacement amplification.we have devised a novel isothermal amplification technology, termed endonuclease restriction-mediated real-time multiple cross displacement amplification (et-mcda), which facilitated multiplex, rapid, specific and sensitive detection of nucleic-acid sequences at a constant temperature. the et-mcda integrated multiple cross displacement amplification strategy, restriction endonuclease cleavage and real-time fluorescence detection technique. in the et-mcda system, the functional cross primer e-cp1 ...201627242766
isolation of an aptamer that binds specifically to e. coli.escherichia coli is a bacterial species found ubiquitously in the intestinal flora of animals, although pathogenic variants cause major public health problems. aptamers are short oligonucleotides that bind to targets with high affinity and specificity, and have great potential for use in diagnostics and therapy. we used cell-based systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment (cell-selex) to isolate four single stranded dna (ssdna) aptamers that bind strongly to e. coli cells (atcc g ...201627104834
comparison of methods to identify pathogens and associated virulence functional genes in biosolids from two different wastewater treatment facilities in canada.the use of treated municipal wastewater residues (biosolids) as fertilizers is an attractive, inexpensive option for growers and farmers. various regulatory bodies typically employ indicator organisms (fecal coliforms, e. coli and salmonella) to assess the adequacy and efficiency of the wastewater treatment process in reducing pathogen loads in the final product. molecular detection approaches can offer some advantages over culture-based methods as they can simultaneously detect a wider microbia ...201627089040
optimized use of the maldi biotyper system and the filmarray bcid panel for direct identification of microbial pathogens from positive blood cultures.despite the current reliance on blood cultures (bcs), the diagnosis of bloodstream infections (bsis) can be sped up using new technologies performed directly on positive bc bottles. two methods (the maldi biotyper system and filmarray blood culture identification [bcid] panel) are potentially applicable. in this study, we performed a large-scale clinical evaluation (1,585 microorganisms from 1,394 bsi episodes) on the combined use of the maldi biotyper and filmarray bcid panel compared to a refe ...201626677254
the influence of efflux pump inhibitors on the activity of non-antibiotic nsaids against gram-negative rods.most patients with bacterial infections suffer from fever and various pains that require complex treatments with antibiotics, antipyretics, and analgaesics. the most common drugs used to relieve these symptoms are non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (nsaids), which are not typically considered antibiotics. here, we investigate the effects of nsaids on bacterial susceptibility to antibiotics and the modulation of bacterial efflux pumps.201626771525
a retrospective study of pyogenic liver abscess focusing on klebsiella pneumoniae as a primary pathogen in china from 1994 to 2015.pyogenic liver abscess (pla) is a common intra-abdominal infection in adults. in this study, we aim to explore demographic and clinical characteristics of pla focusing on klebsiella pneumoniae (k. pneumoniae) induced pla (kp-pla) in mainland china. a retrospective review of medical records from all patients with kp-pla admitted to a tertiary teaching hospital over a 21-year period (1994-2015) was performed. among 296 pla cases with confirmed culture-positive data, k. pneumoniae was revealed as t ...201627929082
repertoire of free-living protozoa in contact lens solutions.the repertoire of free-living protozoa in contact lens solutions is poorly known despite the fact that such protozoa may act as direct pathogens and may harbor intra-cellular pathogens.201627793130
comprehensive laboratory evaluation of a highly specific lateral flow assay for the presumptive identification of bacillus anthracis spores in suspicious white powders and environmental samples.we conducted a comprehensive, multiphase laboratory evaluation of the anthrax biothreat alert(®) test strip, a lateral flow immunoassay (lfa) for the rapid detection of bacillus anthracis spores. the study, conducted at 2 sites, evaluated this assay for the detection of spores from the ames and sterne strains of b. anthracis, as well as those from an additional 22 strains. phylogenetic near neighbors, environmental background organisms, white powders, and environmental samples were also tested. ...201627661796
suppression of the toxicity of bac7 (1-35), a bovine peptide antibiotic, and its production in e. coli.bac7 (1-35) is an arg- and pro-rich peptide antibiotic, produced in bovine cells to protect them from microbial infection. it has been demonstrated to inhibit the protein synthesis in e. coli, leading to cell death. because of its toxicity, no cost effective methods have been developed for bac7 production in escherichia coli for its potential clinical use. here, we found a method to suppress bac7 (1-35) toxicity in e. coli to establish its high expression system, in which bac7 (1-35) was fused t ...201626936849
implications for public health demands alternatives to inorganic and synthetic flocculants: bioflocculants as important candidates.chemical flocculants are generally used in drinking water and wastewater treatment due to their efficacy and cost effectiveness. however, the question of their toxicity to human health and environmental pollution has been a major concern. in this article, we review the application of some chemical flocculants utilized in water treatment, and bioflocculants as a potential alternative to these chemical flocculants. to the best of our knowledge, there is no report in the literature that provides an ...201626914994
review: diversity of microorganisms in global fermented foods and beverages.culturalable and non-culturable microorganisms naturally ferment majority of global fermented foods and beverages. traditional food fermentation represents an extremely valuable cultural heritage in most regions, and harbors a huge genetic potential of valuable but hitherto undiscovered strains. holistic approaches for identification and complete profiling of both culturalable and non-culturable microorganisms in global fermented foods are of interest to food microbiologists. the application of ...201627047484
protein domain architectures provide a fast, efficient and scalable alternative to sequence-based methods for comparative functional genomics.a functional comparative genome analysis is essential to understand the mechanisms underlying bacterial evolution and adaptation. detection of functional orthologs using standard global sequence similarity methods faces several problems; the need for defining arbitrary acceptance thresholds for similarity and alignment length, lateral gene acquisition and the high computational cost for finding bi-directional best matches at a large scale. we investigated the use of protein domain architectures ...201627703668
applicability of an in-house saponin-based extraction method in bruker biotyper matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry system for identification of bacterial and fungal species in positively flagged blood cultures.we used an in-house saponin-based extraction method to evaluate the performance of the bruker biotyper matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (maldi-tof/ms) system for the identification of bacteria and fungi in 405 positively flagged blood culture bottles. results obtained from maldi-tof/ms were compared with those obtained using conventional phenotypic identification methods. of the 405 positively flagged blood culture bottles, 365 showed monomicrobal grow ...201627695442
isolation, antimicrobial susceptibility profile and detection of sul1, blatem, and blashv in amoxicillin-clavulanate-resistant bacteria isolated from retail sausages in kampar, malaysia.due to the overuse of antibiotics in livestock as a growth-promoting agent, the emergence of multi-antibiotic resistant bacteria is becoming a concern.201627942365
use of maldi-tof ms and culturomics to identify mosquitoes and their midgut microbiota.mosquitoes transmit a wide range of human parasitic and viral diseases. in recent years, new techniques such as maldi-tof ms have been developed to identify mosquitoes at the species level, which is key for entomological surveys. additionally, there is increasing interest in the mosquito microbiota and its role in vector capacity.201627613238
antibacterial activity of blue light against nosocomial wound pathogens growing planktonically and as mature biofilms.the blue wavelengths within the visible light spectrum are intrinisically antimicrobial and can photodynamically inactivate the cells of a wide spectrum of bacteria (gram positive and negative) and fungi. furthermore, blue light is equally effective against both drug-sensitive and -resistant members of target species and is less detrimental to mammalian cells than is uv radiation. blue light is currently used for treating acnes vulgaris and helicobacter pylori infections; the utility for deconta ...201627129967
evaluation of the filmarray blood culture identification panel: results of a multicenter controlled trial.sepsis is a major cause of morbidity, mortality, and increased medical expense. rapid diagnosis improves outcomes and reduces costs. the filmarray blood culture identification panel (biofire diagnostics llc, salt lake city, ut), a highly multiplexed pcr assay, can identify 24 etiologic agents of sepsis (8 gram-positive, 11 gram-negative, and 5 yeast species) and three antimicrobial resistance genes (meca, vana/b, and blakpc) from positive blood culture bottles. it provides results in about 1 h w ...201626739158
comparative study of plasma endotoxin with procalcitonin levels in diagnosis of bacteremia in intensive care unit patients.both procalcitonin (pct) and plasma endotoxin levels cannot be solely used for a definite diagnosis of bacteremia or sepsis, and there has been few study comparing the values of the two biomarkers for the diagnosis of bacteremia. the aim of this study was to identify bacteria causing bacteremia and evaluate the role of the two biomarkers in the diagnosis of bacteremia in intensive care unit (icu).201626879015
armadillidin h, a glycine-rich peptide from the terrestrial crustacean armadillidium vulgare, displays an unexpected wide antimicrobial spectrum with membranolytic activity.antimicrobial peptides (amps) are key components of innate immunity and are widespread in nature, from bacteria to vertebrate animals. in crustaceans, there are currently 15 distinct amp families published so far in the literature, mainly isolated from members of the decapoda order. up to now, armadillidin is the sole non-decapod amp isolated from the haemocytes of armadillidium vulgare, a crustacean isopod. its first description demonstrated that armadillidin is a linear glycine-rich (47%) cati ...201627713732
dental plaque bacteria with reduced susceptibility to chlorhexidine are multidrug resistant.chlorhexidine (chx) is used in oral care products to help control dental plaque. in this study dental plaque bacteria were grown on media containing 2 μg/ml chlorhexidine gluconate to screen for bacteria with reduced chx susceptibility. the isolates were characterized by 16s rrna gene sequencing and antibiotic resistance profiles were determined using the disc diffusion method.201627629863
impact of soil salinity on the structure of the bacterial endophytic community identified from the roots of caliph medic (medicago truncatula).in addition to being a forage crop, caliph medic (medicago truncatula) is also a model legume plant and is used for research focusing on the molecular characterization of the interaction between rhizobia and plants. however, the endophytic microbiome in this plant is poorly defined. endophytic bacteria play a role in supplying plants with the basic requirements necessary for growth and development. moreover, these bacteria also play a role in the mechanism of salinity stress adaptation in plants ...201627391592
air-borne xylene degradation by bougainvillea buttiana and the role of epiphytic bacteria in the degradation.the efficiency of xylene removal from contaminated air by thirteen perennial plants was studied. the results showed that bougainvillea buttiana had the highest xylene removal efficiency. different parts of b. buttiana such as stems, epicuticular waxes, and plant stomata (including microorganism-associated plant leaves) can uptake xylene 53.1±1.9%, 32.3±0.9, and 14.6±0.0%, respectively. metabolite products found in treated plants may result from stress or defense compounds triggered by exposure t ...201626773837
red wine polyphenols modulate fecal microbiota and reduce markers of the metabolic syndrome in obese patients.this study evaluated the possible prebiotic effect of a moderate intake of red wine polyphenols on the modulation of the gut microbiota composition and the improvement in the risk factors for the metabolic syndrome in obese patients. ten metabolic syndrome patients and ten healthy subjects were included in a randomized, crossover, controlled intervention study. after a washout period, the subjects consumed red wine and de-alcoholized red wine over a 30 day period for each. the dominant bacterial ...201626599039
characteristics of a novel aerobic denitrifying bacterium, enterobacter cloacae strain hnr.a novel aerobic denitrifier strain hnr, isolated from activated sludge, was identified as enterobacter cloacae by16s rrna sequencing analysis. glucose was considered as the most favorable c-source for strain hnr. the logistic equation well described the bacterial growth, yielding a maximum growth rate (μmax) of 0.283 h(-1) with an initial no3 (-)-n concentration of 110 mg/l. almost all no3 (-)-n was removed aerobically within 30 h with an average removal rate of 4.58 mg n l(-1) h(-1). nitrogen b ...201626573667
potential of phage cocktails in the inactivation of enterobacter cloacae--an in vitro study in a buffer solution and in urine samples.the objective of this study was to compare the dynamics of three previously isolated phages for enterobacter cloacae in order to evaluate their ability to treat urinary tract infections (uti). the phages genomes, survival, host range, were characterized, and the host-phage dynamics was determined in culture medium and urine samples. the presence of prophages in bacteria, host recovery and development of resistance to phage after treatment was also evaluated. the growth of the e. cloacae was inhi ...201626541317
optimization of 2,3-butanediol production by enterobacter cloacae in simultaneous saccharification and fermentation of corncob residue.corncob residue, a waste in xylose or xylitol production, was utilized to produce 2,3-butanediol (2,3-bd) via simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (ssf). this study developed the optimal conditions for production of 2,3-bd by using a heat-resistant strain, enterobacter cloacae uv4, to perform ssf of the corncob residue. urea, lactic acid, sodium citrate, and mgso4 , selected by the plackett-burman experiment, were determined to be significant independent variables to conduct the respon ...201624750278
successful elimination of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (esbl)-producing nosocomial bacteria at a neonatal intensive care unit.extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (esbl)-producing gram-negative bacteria are highly dangerous to neonates. at our neonatal intensive care unit (nicu), the presence of these bacteria became so threatening in 2011 that immediate intervention was required.201627878781
structure and gene cluster of the o-antigen of enterobacter cloacae g3421.the o-polysaccharide was isolated by mild acid degradation of the lipopolysaccharide of enterobacter cloacae g3421 and studied by sugar analysis along with 1d and 2d (1)h and (13)c nmr spectroscopy. in addition, partial solvolysis with anhydrous trifluoroacetic acid was applied, which cleaved selectively the α-l-rhamnopyranosidic linkages. the following structure of the branched hexasaccharide repeating unit was established. the o-polysaccharide studied shares the β-l-rhap-(1→4)-α-l-rhap-(1→2)-α ...201627131290
evidence from a new york city hospital of rising incidence of genetically diverse carbapenem-resistant enterobacter cloacae and dominance of st171, 2007-14. 201627118776
characterisation of inca/c2 plasmids carrying an in416-like integron with the blavim-19 gene from klebsiella pneumoniae st383 of greek origin.the complete nucleotide sequences of three multidrug resistance (mdr) inca/c-like plasmids from enterobacteriaceae isolates carrying the vim-type carbapenemase-encoding integrons in4863 (blavim-19-aaca7-dfra1-δaada1-smr2) or in4873 (blavim-1-aaca7-dfra1-δaada1-smr2) were determined, which are the first in416-like elements identified in greece. plasmids pkp-gr642 and pkp-gr8143 were from klebsiella pneumoniae st383 isolates, whereas plasmid pecl-gr4873 was from an enterobacter cloacae st88 isolat ...201626795022
genetic background of novel sequence types of ctx-m-8- and ctx-m-15-producing escherichia coli and klebsiella pneumoniae from public wastewater treatment plants in são paulo, brazil.the release of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (esbl)-producing enterobacteriaceae to the environment is a public health issue worldwide. the aim of this study was to investigate the genetic background of genes encoding esbls in wastewater treatment plants (wwtps) in são paulo, southeastern brazil. in 2009, during a local surveillance study, seven esbl-producing enterobacteriaceae strains were recovered from five wwtps and screened for esbl genes and mobile genetic elements. multilocus sequence ty ...201626782324
extended-spectrum antibodies protective against carbapenemase-producing enterobacteriaceae.carbapenem-resistant enterobacteriaceae (cre) are responsible for worldwide outbreaks and antibiotic treatments are problematic. the polysaccharide poly-(β-1,6)-n-acetyl glucosamine (pnag) is a vaccine target detected on the surface of numerous pathogenic bacteria, including escherichia coli. genes encoding pnag biosynthetic proteins have been identified in two other main pathogenic enterobacteriaceae, enterobacter cloacae and klebsiella pneumoniae. we hypothesized that antibodies to pnag might ...201626747103
phytases from enterobacter and serratia species with desirable characteristics for food and feed applications.phytases are enzymes of great industrial importance with wide range of applications in animal and human nutrition. these catalyze the hydrolysis of phosphomonoester bonds in phytate, thereby releasing lower forms of myo-inositol phosphates and inorganic phosphate. addition of phytase to plant-based foods can improve its nutritional value and increase mineral bioavailability by decreasing nutritional effect of phytate. in the present investigation, 43 phytase positive bacteria on psm plates were ...201628330134
outbreak of new delhi metallo-β-lactamase-1-producing enterobacter cloacae in an acute care hospital general ward in singapore.autochthonous infections with new delhi metallo-β-lactamase-1 (ndm-1)-producing enterobacteriaceae have been reported in singapore since 2011, but occurrences of nosocomial transmission have not. we report an outbreak of ndm-1-producing enterobacter cloacae among adults admitted to an acute hospital's general ward.201626454748
a new oxolane from enterobacter cloacae.enterobacter cloacae is a highly pathogenic gram-negative proteobacterium which is responsible for a wide array of infections. in the present study, the fermentation culture of e. cloacae has yielded one new oxolane compound, rimboxo (1) in addition to three known compounds, i.e. maculosine (2), phenylacetic acid (3) and methyl myristate (4). these compounds were isolated and characterised using extensive chromatographic and spectroscopic methods, and were subjected to cytotoxicity evaluations.201626252083
[outbreak of multidrug-resistant ctx-m-9-producing enterobacter cloacae complex in an intensive care unit].clinical and epidemiological description of an outbreak in an intensive care unit (icu) caused by a strain of multidrug-resistant enterobacter cloacae complex carrying a ctx-m-9-type extended-spectrum β-lactamase (esbl).201626139302
high prevalence of international esbl ctx-m-15-producing enterobacter cloacae st114 clone in animals.the objective of this study was to characterize esbl-producing enterobacter cloacae isolated from animals and to compare their clonal distribution with that of human-related isolates.201626850718
[contamination of workwear in medical doctors and nursing stuff].the hands of medical stuff are the most important vectors for the transmission of pathogens in the hospital. furthermore a "bare below the elbows dress code" has been introduced in great britain.201626837512
progressive increase of resistance in enterobacteriaceae urinary isolates from kidney transplant recipients over the past decade: narrowing of the therapeutic options.antibiotic resistance is an emerging phenomenon in kidney transplantation (kt).201627373698
[advances in humans and animals opportunistic pathogens from environment infecting plants by crossing kingdoms].some pathogenic microorganisms ubiquitous in the environment could cross kingdoms to infect diverse hosts. several cross-kingdom human pathogens were summarized in this paper, including serratia marcescens, enterobacter cloacae and pseudomonas aeuriginosa. they are ubiquitous in the nature and could cause plant diseases using the same or different infection strategies with which they infect humans and broaden host range. among these bacteria, klebsiella pneumoniae causes top rot disease of maize ...201627373067
phage-mediated shiga toxin (stx) horizontal gene transfer and expression in non-shiga toxigenic enterobacter and escherichia coli strains.enterobacter cloacae m12x01451 strain recently identified from a clinical specimen produces a new stx1 subtype (stx1e) that was not neutralized by existing anti-stx1 monoclonal antibodies. acquisition of stx by ent. cloacae is rare and origin/stability of stx1e in m12x01451 is not known. in this study, we confirmed the ability of stx1a- and stx1e-converting phages from an escherichia coli o157:h7 strain rm8530 and m12x01451 respectively to infect several e. coli and ent. cloacae strains. stx1e w ...201627109772
Refresh
firstprev
12345678910...
nextlast
Displaying items 401 - 500 of 8533